医学相关英语学习学习词汇

索引中医学与中药学的合称，侧重反映中医与中药两者共同发展，密不可分。

1、医院部门及科室名称
2、医务人员名称
3、诊断和治疗常用词汇
4、常见疾病名称
5、常见手术名称
6、常用药物名称
7、常用护理术语
8、常用临床医学术语
9、医疗器材
10、医学英语快速记忆－后缀
11、主要人体系统名称
12、医院类型名称
13、医学词汇
14、医学常用字首与字根
1.医院部门及科室名称
out-patient department门诊部
In-patient department住院部
Nursing department护理部
Admission office住院处
Discharge office出院处
Registration office挂号处
Reception room, waiting room侯诊室
Consultation room诊察室
Isolation room隔离室
Delivery room分娩室
Emergency room急诊室
Ward病房室
Department of internal medicine内科
Department of surgery外科
Department of pediatrics儿科
Department of obstetrics and gynecology妇科
Department of neurology神经科
Department of ophtalmology眼科
E.N.T.department耳鼻喉科
Department of stomatology口腔科
Department of urology泌尿科
Department of orthopedic骨科
Department of traumatology创伤科
Department of endocrinology内分泌科
Department of anesthesiology麻醉科
Department of dermatology皮肤科Department of infectious diseases传染病科Department of pathology病理科
Department of psychiatry精神科Department of orthopacdic surgery矫形外科Department of cardiac surgery心脏外科Department of cerebral surgery脑外科Department of thoracic surgery胸外科Pharmacy dispensary药房
Nutrition department营养部
Diet-preparation department配膳室Therapeutic department治疗室
Operating room/Theater手术室
Blood-bank血站 Supply-room供应室Disinfection-room消毒室
Dressing room换药室
Mortuary太平间
Record room病案室
Department of plastic surgery矫形外科Department of physiotherapy理疗科electrotherapy room电疗科
heliotherapy room光疗科
wax-therapy room蜡疗科
hydrotherapy room水疗科
central laboratory中心实验室
clinical laboratory临床实验室bacteriological laboratory细菌实验室biochemical laboratory生化实验室serological laboratory血清实验室
X-ray room X光室
doctor’s office医生办公室
nurse’s office护士办公室
2.医务人员名称
director of the hospital院长
physician内科医师
chief physician主任医师
associate chief physician副主任医师attending doctor主治医师
resident doctor住院医师
intern doctor实习医师
general practitioner全科医师
specialist专科医师
head of the nursing department护理部主任
Head nurse护士长
Student nurse实习护士
E.N.T.doctor耳鼻喉科医师
Ophthalmologist眼科医师
Dentist牙科医师
Orthopedist骨科医师
Dermatologist皮肤科医师
urologist surgeon泌尿外科医师
neurosurgeon神经外科医师
plastic surgeon矫形外科医师
anaesthetist麻醉科医师
Doctor for tuberculosis结核科医师Physiotherapist理疗科
Doctor for infectious diseases传染病科Dietician营养科医师
Pediatrician儿科医师
Obstetrician产科医师
Midwife助产师
Gynecologist妇科医师
Radiologist放射科医师
Epidemiologist流行病医师
Pharmacist药剂医师
Assistant pharmacist药剂医士
Laboratory technician化验员
Assistant nurse卫生员
Cleaner清洁员
Controller总务科长
Registrar挂号员
Sanitation worker消毒员
3.诊断和治疗常用词汇
inspection望诊
inquiry问诊
auscultation听诊
percussion扣诊
palpation触诊
biopsy活组织检查
pathological section病理切片
endoscopy内窥镜检查
ECG(electrocardiogram) examination心电图检查EEG(electrocardiogram) examination脑电图检查Intravenous pyelography静脉肾盂造影术
Skin-test皮肤试验
examination by centesis穿刺检查
routine analysis of blood血常规分析urine analysis of blood尿常规分析
red blood cell count(RBC)红细胞计数white blood cell count(WBC)白细胞计数general check-up全身检查
routine examination常规检查
follow-up examination随访检查consultation会诊
emergency急诊
diagnosis诊断
prognosis预后
convalescence, recovery康复
relapse复发
treatment治疗
prescribe开药方
fill a prescription配药
injecting打针
hypodermic injection皮下注射intramuscular injection肌肉注射intravenous injection静脉注射inoculating预防注射
fluid infusion点滴注射
blood transfusion输血
dose剂量
tablet药片
capsule胶囊
liquid medicine药水
powder药粉
ointment药膏（软膏）
plaster硬膏，石膏
lotion洗剂
suppository栓剂
analgesics止痛药
antipyetics退烧药
antitussive止咳药
expectorant祛痰药
diuretics利尿药
hemostatic止血药
antidiarrheal止泄药
antipruritic止痒药
antidote解毒药
antirheumatic抗风湿药
anticarcinogen抗癌药
antibiotics抗菌素
anticoagulant抗凝剂
cardiac tonic强心药
vasodilator血管舒张药vasoconstrictor血管收缩药antiepileptic抗癫痫药antispasmodic解痉药
sedative镇静药
anesthetics麻醉药
penicillin盘尼西林
streptomycin链霉素
gentamycin庆大霉素
aspirin阿斯匹林
morphine吗啡
dolantin杜冷丁
iodine碘酒
distilled water蒸馏水
normal saline solution生理食盐水atropine阿托品
hormone激素
glucose葡萄糖
side effect, adverse effect副作用operative treatment手术疗法
major operation大手术
minor operation小手术
anesthesia麻醉
general anesthesia全身麻醉
local anesthesia局部麻醉excision, removal, resection切除术tonsillectomy扁桃体切除术thyroidectomy甲状腺切除术pneumonectomy肺切除术
mastectomy乳房切除术
gastrectomy胃切除术cholecystectomy胆囊切除术hepalobectomy肝叶切除术splenectomy脾切除术
nephrectomy肾切除术
salpingectomy输卵管切除术hysterectomy子宫切除术hysteromyomectomy子宫肌瘤切除术proctectomy直肠切除术appendectomy阑尾切除术prostatectomy前列腺切除术tracheotomy气管切开术
incision of abscess脓肿切开术
craniotomy颅骨切开
thoracotomy胸廓切开
laparotomy剖腹术
amputation截肢
fixation固定
hot compress热敷
cold compress冷敷
gastric lavage洗胃
enema灌肠
urethral catheterication导尿
hemostasis止血
dressing包扎
sew up the incision缝合切口
remove the stitches拆线
cardiac massage心脏按摩
artificial respiration人工呼吸
diet饮食
special diet特定饮食
low protein diet低蛋白饮食
low fat diet低脂肪饮食
low calorie diet低热量饮食
liquid diet流质饮食
semi-liquid diet半流质饮食
solid diet固体饮食
light diet易消化的饮食
vegetable diet素食
4.常见疾病名称
Internal Medicine内科
Acidosis酸中毒
Adams-Stokes syndrome亚－斯氏综合症alcoholism, alcoholic intoxication酒精中毒alkalosis碱中毒
anaphylaxis过敏症
anemia贫血
iron deficiency anemia缺铁性贫血megaloblastic anemia巨幼红细胞性贫血aplastic anemia再生障碍性贫血
angiitis脉管炎
angina pectoris心绞痛
arteriosclerosis动脉硬化
apoplexy中风
auricular fibrillation心房纤颤
auriculo-ventricular block房室传导阻滞
bronchial asthma支气管哮喘
bronchitis支气管炎
bronchiectasis支气管扩张
bronchopneumonia支气管肺炎
carcinoma癌
cardiac arrhythmia心律紊乱
cardiac failure心力衰竭
cardiomyopathy心肌病
cirrhosis肝硬化
coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease冠状动脉硬化性心脏病Crohn disease克罗恩病
Cushing’s syndrome库欣综合症
diabetes糖尿病
diffuse intravascular coagulation弥散性血管凝血
dysentery痢疾
enteritis肠炎
gastric ulcer胃溃疡
gastritis胃炎
gout痛风
hepatitis肝炎
Hodgkin’s disease霍奇金病
hyperlipemia高脂血症，血脂过多
hyperparathyroidism甲状旁腺功能亢进
hypersplenism脾功能亢进
hypertension高血压
hyperthyroidism甲状腺功能亢进
hypoglycemia低血糖
hypothyroidism甲状腺功能减退
infective endocarditis感染性心内膜炎
influenza流感
leukemia白血病
lobar pneumonia大叶性肺炎
lymphadenitis淋巴结炎
lymphoma淋巴瘤
malaria疟疾
malnutrition营养不良
measles麻疹
myeloma骨髓瘤
myocardial infarction心肌梗死
myocarditis心肌炎
nephritis肾炎
nephritic syndrome肾综合症
obstructive pulmonary emphysema阻塞性肺气肿
pancreatitis胰腺炎
peptic ulcer消化性溃疡
peritonitis腹膜炎
pleuritis胸膜炎
pneumonia肺炎
pneumothorax气胸
purpura紫癜
allergic purpura过敏性紫癜
thrombocytolytic purpura血小板减少性紫癜pyelonephritis肾盂肾炎
renal failure肾功能衰竭
rheumatic fever风湿病
rheumatoid arthritis类风湿性关节炎
scarlet fever猩红热
septicemia败血症
syphilis梅毒
tachycardia心动过速
tumour肿瘤
typhoid伤寒
ulcerative colitis溃疡性结肠炎
upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage上消化道血
Neurology神经科
brain abscess脑脓肿
cerebral embolism脑栓塞
cerebral infarction脑梗死
cerebral thrombosis脑血栓
cerebral hemorrhage脑出血
concussion of brain脑震荡
craniocerebral injury颅脑损伤
epilepsy癫痫
intracranial tumour颅内肿瘤
intracranial hematoma颅内血肿
meningitis脑膜炎
migraine偏头痛
neurasthenia神经衰弱
neurosis神经官能症
paranoid psychosis偏执性精神病
Parkinson’s disease帕金森综合症
psychosis精神病
schizophrenia精神分裂症
Surgery外科
abdominal external hernia腹外疝
acute diffuse peritonitis急性弥漫性腹膜炎
acute mastitis急性乳腺炎
acute pancreatitis急性胰腺炎
acute perforation of gastro-duodenal ulcer急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔acute pyelonephritis急性肾盂肾炎
anal fissure肛裂
anal fistula肛瘘
anesthesia麻醉
angioma血管瘤
appendicitis阑尾炎
bleeding of gastro-duodenal ulcer胃十二指肠溃疡出血
bone tumour骨肿瘤
breast adenoma乳房腺瘤
burn烧伤
cancer of breast乳腺癌
carbuncle痈
carcinoma of colon结肠炎
carcinoma of esophagus食管癌
carcinoma of gallbladder胆囊癌
carcinoma of rectum直肠癌
carcinoma of stomach胃癌
cholecystitis胆囊炎
cervical spondylosis颈椎病
choledochitis胆管炎
cholelithiasis胆石症
chondroma软骨瘤
dislocation of joint关节脱位
erysipelas丹毒
fracture骨折
furuncle疖
hemorrhoid痔
hemothorax血胸
hypertrophy of prostate前列腺肥大
intestinal obstruction肠梗阻
intestinal tuberculosis肠结核
lipoma脂肪瘤
lithangiuria尿路结石
liver abscess肝脓肿
melanoma黑色素瘤
osseous tuberculosis骨结核
osteoclastoma骨巨细胞瘤
osteoporosis骨质疏松症
osteosarcoma骨质疏松症
osteosarcoma骨肉瘤
Paget’s disease佩吉特病
perianorecrtal abscess肛管直肠周围脓肿
phlegmon蜂窝织炎
portal hypertension门静脉高压
prostatitis前列腺炎
protrusion of intervertebral disc椎间盘突出
purulent arthritis化脓性关节炎
pyogenic ostcomyclitis化脓性骨髓炎
pyothorax脓胸
rectal polyp直肠息肉
rheumatoid arthritis类风湿性关节炎
rupture of spleen脾破裂
scapulohumeral periarthritis肩周炎
tenosynovitis腱鞘炎
tetanus破伤风
thromboangiitis血栓性脉管炎
thyroid adenocarcinoma甲状腺腺癌
thyroid adenoma甲状腺腺瘤
trauma创伤
urinary infection泌尿系感染
varicose vein of lower limb下肢静脉曲张
Paediatrics儿科
acute military tuberculosis of the lung急性粟粒性肺结核acute necrotic enteritis急性坏死性结肠炎
anaphylactic purpura过敏性紫癜
ancylostomiasis钩虫病
ascariasis蛔虫病
asphyxia of the newborn新生儿窒息
atrial septal defect房间隔缺损
birth injury产伤
cephalhematoma头颅血肿
cerebral palsy脑性瘫痪
congenital torticollis先天性斜颈
convulsion惊厥
Down’s syndrome唐氏综合症
glomerulonephritis肾小球肾炎
hemophilia血友病
infantile diarrhea婴儿腹泻
intracranial hemorrhage of the newborn新生儿颅内出血intussusception肠套叠
necrotic enterocolitis of newborn新生儿坏死性小肠结膜炎
neonatal jaundice新生儿黄疸
nutritional iron deficiency anemia营养性缺铁性贫血nutritional megaloblastic anemia营养性巨幼细胞性贫血patent ductus arteriosis动脉导管未闭
poliomyelitis骨髓灰质炎
premature infant早产儿
primary tuberculosis原发性肺结核
progressive muscular dystrophy进行性肌肉营养不良pulmonary stenosis肺动脉狭窄
purulent meningitis化脓性脑膜炎
rickets佝偻病
sepsis of the newborn新生儿败血症
tetanus of the newborn新生儿破伤风
tetralogy of Fallot法洛四联症
thrush鹅口疮，真菌性口炎
varicella水痘
ventricular septal defect室间隔缺损
viral encephalitis病毒性脑炎
viral myocarditis病毒性心肌炎
Gynecology and Obstetrics妇，产科
abortion流产
adenomyosis子宫内膜异位症
amniotic fluid embolism羊水栓塞
Bartholin’s cyst巴氏腺囊肿
carcinoma of cervix子宫颈癌
carcinoma of endometrium子宫内膜癌
carcinoma of ovary卵巢癌
cervicitis宫颈炎
chorio-epithelioma绒毛膜上皮癌
corpora luteum cyst黄体囊肿
dystocia难产
eclampsia子痫
edema-proteinuria-hypertension syndrome
水肿蛋白尿高血压综合征（妊娠高血压综合征）endometriosis子宫内膜异位症
extrauterine pregnancy子宫外孕
hydatidiform mole葡萄胎
hyperemesis gravidarum妊娠剧吐
infertility不育症
irregular menstruation月经失调
lochia恶露
monilial vaginitis念珠菌性阴道炎
multiple pregnancy多胎妊娠
myoma of uterus子宫肿瘤
oligohydramnios羊水过少
ovarian tumour卵巢肿瘤
pelvic inflammatory disease盆腔炎
placenta previa前置胎盘
placental abruption胎盘早期剥离
pregnancy-hypertension syndrome妊娠高血压综合症premature birth早产
premature rupture of membrane胎膜早破postpartum hemorrhage产后出血
puerperal infection产褥感染
rupture of uterus子宫破裂
trichomonas vaginitis滴虫性阴道炎uteroplacental apoplexy子宫胎盘卒中
vulvitis外阴炎
Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology五官科amblyopia弱视
amygdalitis, tonsillitis扁桃体炎
astigmatism散光
carcinoma of nasopharynx鼻咽癌
carcinoma of larynx喉癌
cataract白内障
tinnitus耳鸣
chalazion霰粒肿，脸板腺囊肿
colour blindness色盲
deflection of nasal septum鼻中隔偏曲
deafness聋
furuncle of nasalvestibule鼻前庭疖
glaucoma青光眼
heterotropia斜视
hyperopia远视
injury of cornea角膜损伤
ceruminal impaction耵聍嵌塞
iritis虹膜炎
keratitis角膜炎
labyrinthitis迷路炎，内耳炎
laryngitis喉炎
mastoiditis乳突炎
myopia近视
nasal sinusitis鼻窦炎
otitis media中耳炎
obstruction of larynx喉梗阻
peritonsillar abscess扁桃体中脓肿
pharyngitis咽炎
rhinitis鼻炎
Dermatoloty皮科
acne痤疮
carcinoma of skin皮肤癌
bed sore褥疮
decubitus ulcer褥疮性溃疡
drug eruption药皮疹
eczema湿疹
herpes simplex单纯疱疹
herpes zoster带状疱疹
lupus erythematosis红斑狼疮
psoriasis牛皮癣
urticaria荨麻疹
wart疣
5.常见手术名称
General Sugery普外
appendectomy (appendicectomy)阑尾切除术cholecystectmy胆囊切除术
cholecystostomy胆囊造口术
drainage of the abscess脓肿引流
enterostomy肠造口术
exploratory laparotomy开腹探查术
gastrectomy胃切除术
gastroduodenostomy胃十二指肠吻合术hemorrhoidectomy痔切除术
hepaticotomy肝管切开术
hepatectomy肝切除术
herniorrhaphy疝修补术
ligation of lower oesophageal veins低位食管静脉结扎pancreatectomy胰切除术
portal vena cava anastomosis门腔静脉吻合术pyloroplasty幽门成形术
mastectomy乳房切除术
splenectomy脾切除术
thyroidectomy甲状腺切除术
thyroid lobectomy甲状腺叶切除术
vagotomy迷走神经切断术
Orthopedics骨科
amputation截肢
arthrodesis关节固定术
curettage if bone tumor骨瘤刮除术
excision of bone tumor骨瘤切除术
external fixation外固定
fasciotomy筋膜切开术
free skin graft自由皮瓣移植
internal fixation内固定
plaster cast石膏管形
plaster splintage石膏夹板固定
prosthetic replacement for joint人工关节置换术
reduction of fracture骨折复位
reduction of joint dislocation关节脱位复位
repair if ligament韧带修补
replantation if digit断指再植
skeletal traction骨牵引
tenorrhaphy腱缝合术
Thoracic Surgery胸外科
aortocoronary bypass主动脉冠状动脉分流
closed drainage of pleural cavity胸腔闭式引流
complete intracardiac repair of Fallot’s Tetralogy法洛完全修复术dilation of aortic valular stenosis主动脉瓣狭窄扩张术
exploratory thoracotomy开胸探查
heart transplantation心脏移植
heart valve replacement心脏瓣膜置换术
ligation of patent ductus arteriosis动脉导管未闭结扎术
lobectomy of lungs肺叶切除
local excision of tumor of lungs肺肿瘤局部切除术
parial esophagectomy and reconstruction of esophagus
食管部分切除、重建
repair of auricular septal defect房间隔缺损修补术
repair if ventricular septal defect室间隔缺损修补术
repair if valvular insufficiency瓣膜闭锁不全的修补pericardiectomy心包切除术
peicardiotomy心包切开术
pulmonary embolectomy肺动脉栓子切除术
resection of arterial aneurysm动脉瘤切除术
Urology泌尿科
cystoplasty膀胱成形术
cystostomy膀胱造口术
nephrectomy肾切除术
nephrostomy肾造口术
nephrolithotomy肾石切除术
orchiectomy睾丸切除术
prostatectomy前列腺切除术
renal biopsy肾活检
renal transplantation肾移植
urethra-lithotomy输尿管结石切除
urethroplasty尿道成形术
vasoligation输精管结扎术
Neurosurgery神经外科
decompression减压术
excision of brain tumor脑瘤切除术
exploratory craniotomy开颅探查术
lobectomy（脑）叶切除术
removed of intracranial hematoma颅内血肿清除术repair of dura defect硬脑膜缺损修补术
Dentistry牙科
dental prosthetics镶牙
filling牙填充
orthodontic treatment牙矫正术
periodontal treatment牙周治疗
tooth extraction拔牙
Gynecology & Obstetrics妇产科
amniocentesis羊膜穿刺术
cervicectomy子宫颈切除术
cesarean section剖宫产术剖腹产
culdocentesis后穹隆穿刺术
dilatation of the cervix宫颈扩张术
excision of Bartholin cyst巴氏腺囊肿切除术hysterectomy子宫切除术
induction of labor引产术
ovarian cystectomy助产术
oophorectomy卵巢切除术
salpingectomy输卵管切除术
sterilization绝育术
uterine curetlage刮宫术
vulvectomy外阴切除术
Ophthalmology & Otorhinolaryngology五官科
aspiration of cataract白内障吸出术
closed reduction of nasal bone鼻骨闭合复位
corneal grafting角膜移植
enucleation of eyeball眼球摘除术
excision of turbinates鼻甲切除术
extraction of intra-ocular foreign body眼内异物摘除laryngectomy and laryngostomy喉切除术和喉造口术
lens extraction晶体摘除
mastoidectomy乳突切开术
myringotomy鼓膜切开术
myringoplasty鼓膜成形术
nasal polypectomy鼻息肉切除术
septoplasty（鼻）中隔成形术
sinusotomy鼻窦切开术
submuscous resection of nasal septum鼻中隔粘膜下切除术tonsillectomy扁桃体切除术
tympanoplasty鼓室成形术
6.常用药物名称
Antibiotics抗生素
albomycin白霉素
ampicillin氨苄青霉素
berberine黄连素
carbenicillin羧苄青霉素
cephaloridine先锋霉素II
cephtlothin先锋霉素I
chloromycetin氯霉素
erythromycin红霉素
furbenicillin呋苄青霉素
gentamycin庆大霉素
griseofulvin灰黄霉素
kanamycin卡那霉素
meecamycin, medemycin麦迪加霉素，麦迪霉素
neomycin新霉素
penicillin G青霉素G
polymyxin B多粘菌素B
streptomycin链霉素
terramycin合霉素
terramycin土霉素
Sulfonamides and Furane Derivatives磺胺类及呋喃类药furacilin呋喃西林
furazolicone呋喃唑酮，痢特灵
sulfacetamide (SA)磺胺醋酰
sulfaciazine (SD)磺胺嘧啶
sulfadimidine (SM2)磺胺二甲嘧啶
sulfamethoxazole新诺明，磺胺甲噁唑
trimethoprim (TMP)增效磺胺
Sedatives and Tranquilizers镇静、安定药chlordiazepoxide, librium利眠宁
chlorpromazine, wintermine氯丙嗪,冬眠药
diazepam, valium地西泮，安定
fluphenazine氟奋乃静
meprobamate, miltown甲丙氨酯，眠尔通
oryzanol谷维素
pentobarbital戊巴比妥
perphenazine奋乃静
phenobarbital, luminal本巴比妥，鲁米那
Analgesics镇痛药
codeine phosphate磷酸可待因
dolantin, pethidine度冷丁，哌替啶
opium tincture阿片酊
pentazocine镇痛新
Analgesics解热镇痛药
analgin安乃近
aspirin阿司匹林
aspirin compound tablet (APC)复方阿司匹林butazolidin, butazone保泰松
chlofenamic acid抗风湿灵，氯灭酸
indomethacin, indacin吲哆美辛，消炎痛
ibuprofen布洛芬
paracetamol对乙酰氨基酚，扑热息痛
phenacetin非那西丁
somedon索密痛
Atitussives and Bronchial Spasm Relaxants镇咳、解痉药aerosol isoprenaline异丙肾上腺素气雾剂
aminophylline氨茶碱
carbetapentane, toclase咳必清
brown mixture棕色合剂，复方干草合剂
chloperastine咳平
ephedrine麻黄素
isoprenaline异丙肾上腺素
salbutamol舒喘灵
Drags for Digestive Diseases消化系统疾病用药yeast酵母片
Lactasin, biofermin乳酶生
pancreatin胰酶
pepsin胃蛋白酶
atropine阿托品
belladonna extract颠茄浸膏
benactyzine胃复康
probanthine普鲁苯辛
sodium bicarbonate小苏打
vitamin U维生素U
ranitidine雷尼替丁
liquid paraffin液体石蜡
magnesium sulfate硫酸镁
dehydrocholic acid去氢胆酸
glucurone肝泰乐
glutamic acid谷氨酸
sodium taurocholate胆酸钠
Drugs for Cardiovascular Diseases心血管疾病用药lidocaine利多卡因
mexiletine美西律
oxprenolol氧烯洛尔，心得平
procainamid hydrochloride盐酸普鲁卡因胺propranolol dinitrate普萘洛尔，心得安
persantin双咪哌胺醇，潘生丁
quinidine奎尼丁
verapamil异博定
nitroglycerine硝酸甘油
nifedipine硝苯地平，心痛定
isosorbide dinitrate硝酸异山梨酯，消心痛digoxin地高辛
digitoxin洋地黄毒甙
cedilanid西地兰
Antihypertensive Drugs抗高血压药
atenolol氨酰心安
captopril开博通，卡托普利
furazosin派唑嗪
methyl dopa甲基多巴
nimodipine tablet尼莫地平片
reserpine利血平
sodium nitroprusside硝普钠
vertical降压灵
dibazol地巴唑
Antituberculosis Drugs抗结核药
ethambutol乙胺丁醇
isoniazid异烟肼
para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS)对氨基水杨酸pyrazinamide吡嗪酰胺
rifampin利福平
Antifungal and Antiviral Agents抗真菌及抗病毒药amphotericin二性霉素
clotrimazole克霉唑
flagyl灭滴灵，甲硝唑
ketoconazole酮康唑
nystatin制霉菌素
amantadine金刚烷胺，金刚胺
moroxydine(ABOB)病毒灵，吗啉胍
Antianemic Agents抗贫血药
calcium leucovorin甲酰四氢叶酸钙，甲叶钙
cobalt chloride氯化钴
ferric ammonium citrate枸橼酸铁胺，柠檬酸铁胺ferrous sulfate硫酸亚铁，硫酸低铁
folic acid叶酸
iron dextran右旋糖酐铁
lliver extract肝精
vitamin B12维生素B12
Anti-allergic Agents抗过敏药
calcium gluconate葡萄糖酸钙
chlorpheniramine扑尔敏
diphenhydramine, benadryl苯海拉明，苯那君histaglobulin组织胺球蛋白
promethazine, phenergan异丙嗪，非那根
Anthelminthics驱肠虫药
areca槟榔
levamisole左旋咪唑，驱钩蛔
piperazine citrate驱蛔灵
Vitamins维生素
compound rutin复方芦丁
calcium pantothenate泛酸钙
nicotinamide(NAA)烟酰胺
nicotinic acid(NA)烟酸
pyritinol hydrochloricde脑复新
vitamin A维生素A
vitamin B1维生素B1
vitamin B2, riboflavin维生素B2，核黄素
vitamin B6, pyridoxine维生素B6，吡哆醇
vitamin B compound复合维生素B
vitamin C, ascorbic acid维生素C，抗坏血酸
vitamin D2, calciferol维生素D2，骨化醇
vitamin D3, cholecalciferol维生素D3，胆维丁
vitamin E, tocopherol维生素E，生育酚
Hormones激素
corticotrophin (ACTH)促肾上腺皮质激素
cortisone可的松
desoxycorticosterone (DOCA)去氧皮质酮
dexamethasone地塞米松
fluocinolone acetonide肤轻松
hydrocortisone氢化可的松
prednisolone强的松龙，去氢氢化可的松
prednisone强的松，去氢可的松
chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG)绒毛膜促性腺激素，绒膜激素
clomiphene克罗米芬
estradiol benzoate苯甲酸雌二醇
medroxyprogesterone acetate, provera安宫黄体酮
megestrol甲地孕酮
methyltestosterone甲基睾丸素
progesterone黄体酮
stillboestrol乙烯雌酚
testosterone propionate丙酸睾丸素
Cancer Chemotherapeutic Drugs and Drugs on the Immune System肿瘤化疗制剂及免疫系统用药
Adriamycin阿霉素
azathioprine(AZP)硫唑嘌呤
cyclophosphamide(CTX)环磷酰氮芥
cyclosporine A环孢霉素A，环孢灵
cytarabine阿糖胞苷
dactinomycin放线菌素D，更生霉素
fluorouracil氟尿嘧啶
hydrocortisone氢化可的松，氢可的松
interferon干扰素
levamisole左旋四咪唑，左咪唑
methotrexate甲氨蝶呤
thiotepa塞替哌
thymosin胸腺素
vincristine(VCR)长春新碱
Agents Used for Metabolic Diseases治疗代谢性疾病用药insulin胰岛素
Lugol’s solution卢戈尔液
glibenclamide格列本脲，优降糖
propylthiouracil丙基硫氧嘧啶
phenformin苯乙双胍，降糖灵
tapazole甲巯咪唑，他巴唑
thyroid甲状腺，甲状腺剂
tolbutamide甲磺丁脲，甲糖宁
protamine zinc insulin (PZI)精蛋白锌胰岛素（长效）
Fluids for Infusion静脉输液
concentrated sodium chloride injection浓氯化钠注射液5% glucose in normal saline (GNS) 5％葡萄糖盐水
5% glucose solution (GS) 5％葡萄糖溶液
Normal saline(NS)生理盐水
10% potassium chloride 10％氯化钾
Ringer’s solution林格溶液，复方氯化钠溶液
5% sodium bicarbonate 5％碳酸氢钠
28.75% sodium glutamate 28.75％谷氨酸钠
11.2% sodium lactate 11.2％乳酸钠
Biological Products生物制品
aprotinin抑肽酶
bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine卡介苗
cytochrome C细胞色素C
diphtheria antitoxin (DAT)白喉抗毒素
Gamma globulin丙种球蛋白
Hyaluronidase透明质酸酶
lysozyme溶菌酶
pancreatin胰酶
streptokinase(SK)溶栓酶，链激酶
tetanus antitoxin破伤风抗霉素
urokinase尿激酶
Eye and ENT Drugs眼、耳、鼻、喉用药
atropine阿托品
borax硼沙
chloramphenicol eye drops氯霉素滴眼液
cortisone acetate eye drops醋酸可的松滴眼液
homatropine后马托品
sodium sulfacetamide磺胺醋酰钠
boric acid alcohol硼酸酒精
chloramphenicol glycerin氯霉素甘油滴耳液
ephedrine nose drops麻黄素滴鼻液
furacilin solution呋喃西林溶液
neomycin solution新霉素溶液
Drugs for External Use外用药
ammonia solution氨溶液
bromo-geramine苯扎溴铵，新洁尔灭
hibitane氯已定，洗必泰
mercurochrome红汞
phenol酚
potassium permanganate(PP)高锰酸钾
silver nitrate硝酸银
turpentine oil松节油
hydrogen peroxide双氧水
gentian violet甲紫，紫药水
Anesthetics麻醉药
ether乙醚
ethyl chloride氯乙烷
procaine普鲁卡因
sodium pentothal硫喷妥钠
lidocaine利多卡因
fluothane氟烷
7.常用护理术语
Nursing processes护理过程
assessment估计
nursing diagnosis护理诊断
planning计划
intervention (implementation, management)措施（实施、管理）evaluation评价
Daily care of the patient对病人的日常护理
morning (evening) care, AM (HS) care晨（晚）间护理bedmaking整理床铺
oral hygiene (mouth care)口腔卫生
brushing the teeth刷牙
flossing the teeth清牙垢
denture care清洗假牙
bathing洗澡
cleanliness and skin care清洁与皮肤护理
perineal care洗会阴
hair梳头
shaving刮脸
Care of nails and feet指甲修剪和洗脚
changing hospital gowns更换住院服装
massage按摩
bedsore care褥疮护理
Measurement of vital signs测量生命体征
taking oral (rectal, axillary) temperature
量口腔（直肠、腋下）体温
taking a radial pulse测量桡动脉脉搏
counting respirations计呼吸次数
measuring (taking) blood pressure量血压
Catheterization导管插入术
cardiac catheterization心导管插入术
laryngeal catheterization喉插管术
retro-urethral catheterization逆行导尿管插入术
urethral catheterization尿道导管插入术
Clean techniques, medical asepsis消毒灭菌
asepsis无菌（法）
integral asepsis完全无菌
disinfection消毒
concomitant (concurrent) disinfection随时消毒，即时消毒steam disinfection蒸汽消毒
terminal disinfection终末消毒
disinfection by ultraviolet light紫外线消毒
Sterilization灭菌，消毒
chemical sterilization化学灭菌法
fractional sterilization间歇灭菌法
intermittent sterilization间歇灭菌法
mechanical sterilization器械灭菌法
Decompression减压（术）
oardiac decompression心减压术
cerebral decompression脑减压术
orbital decompression眼眶减压术
decompression of decompression心包减压术
gastro-intestinal decompression胃肠减压术decompression of rectum直肠减压术
decompression of spinal cord脊髓减压术
Dialysis透析
peritoneal dialysis腹膜透析
hemodialysis血液透析
Drainage引流、导液
aspiration (suction) drainage吸引导液（引流）
closed drainage关闭引流法
negative pressure drainage负压吸引法
open drainage开放引流法
postural drainage体位引流法
vaginal drainage阴道引流法
vesicocelomic drainage膀胱腹腔引流
Drainage灌肠
barium enema钡灌肠
blind enema肛管排气法
contrast enema对比灌肠
glycerin enema甘油灌肠
high (low) enema高（低）位灌肠
magnesium sulfate enema硫酸镁灌肠
retention (non-retention) enema保留（无保留）灌肠soapsuds enema肥皂水灌肠
turpentine enema松节油灌肠
Feeding饲，喂养
Forced (forcible) feeding强制喂养
intubtaion (tube) feeding管饲法
nasal feeding鼻饲法
rectal feeding直肠营养法
Heat and clod applications冷、热敷
applying hot compresses热敷
applying hot soaks湿热敷
assisting the patient to take a sitz bath帮病人坐浴applying hot water bottles用热水瓶
applying an ice bag (collar0用冰袋
applying cold compresses冷敷
giving a cold (an alcohol) sponge bath冷水（酒精）擦浴
Infusion输入，注入
glucose infusion葡萄糖液输注
glucose-saline infusion葡萄糖－盐水输注
saline infusion盐水输注
Injection注射
endermic (intracutaneous) injection皮内注射hypertonic saline injection高渗盐水注射hypodermic injection皮下注射
intramuscular injection肌内注射
intraocular injection眼球注射
intrapleural injection胸膜腔注射
intrauterine injection子宫内注射
nasal injection鼻内注射
peritoneal injection腹膜腔注射
rectal injection直肠注射
subconjunctival injection结膜下注射
urethral injection尿道注射
vaginal injection阴道注射
Irrigation冲洗
vaginal irrigation阴道冲洗
bladder irrigation膀胱冲洗
continuous irrigation连续冲洗法
mediate irrigation间接冲洗法
Isolation隔离、分离
strict isolation严密隔离
contact isolation接触隔离
respiratory isolation呼吸隔离
drainage (secretion) precautions引流预防措施enteric precautions肠道预防措施
blood (body fluid) precautions血液（体液）预防措施protective isolation保护性隔离
Lavage灌洗
blood (systemic) lavage血液毒素清洗法
ether lavage (腹腔内)乙醚洗法
gastric lavage洗胃
intestinal lavage洗肠
peritoneal lavage腹膜腔灌洗
pleural lavage胸膜腔灌洗
Medication药疗，投药，给药
endermic medication皮内透药法
hypodermatic medication皮下投药法
intramuscular medication肌肉投药法
ionic medication离子透药疗法
nasal medication鼻内投药法
oral medication口服法
rectal medication直肠投药法
sublingual medication舌下投药法transduodenal medication十二指肠内投药法vaginal medication阴道投药法
Suctioning吸气引液
upper airway suctioning上呼吸道抽吸法nasogastric suctioning鼻胃抽吸
wound suctioning伤口吸引
Transfusion输血
arterial transfusion动脉输血
blood transfusion输血
direct (immediate ) transfusion直接输血drip transfusion滴注输(血)液
indirect transfusion间接输血
plasma transfusion输血浆
serum transfusion输血清
venous transfusion静脉输血，静脉输液
Diet nursing伙食护理
absolute diet (fasting)禁食
balanced diet均衡伙食
convalescent diet恢复期饮食
diabetic diet糖尿病饮食
eucaloric diet适当热量饮食
fat-free diet无脂饮食
salt-free diet无盐饮食
fever diet热病饮食
full diet全食，普通饮食
half diet半食
high caloric diet高热量饮食
high-carbohydrate diet高糖类饮食
high-protein (protein rich) diet高蛋白饮食invalid diet病弱者饮食
light diet易消化饮食
liquid diet流质饮食
high fat diet高脂饮食
low fat diet低脂饮食
low caloric diet低热量饮食
low-protein diet低蛋白饮食
low-residue diet低渣饮食
nourishing diet滋补饮食
obesity diet肥胖病饮食
prenatal diet孕期饮食
regimen diet规定食谱
smooth (soft) diet细软饮食
Preparing the patient for the surgery为病人手术前做准备shaving the patient’s skin (skin prep)备皮
anesthesia麻醉
Postoperative care手术后护理
coughing and deep-breathing exercises咳嗽呼吸练习
applying elastic stockings穿弹性袜
applying elastic bandages用弹性绷带
Emergency care (first aid)急救护理
cardiopulmonary resuscitation心肺循环复苏术
mouth-to-mouth(mouth-to-nose,mouth-to-stoma) resuscitation 口对口（口对鼻，口对颈部小口）循环复苏术
emergency care for fainting (shock, stroke) victims
昏厥（休克、中风）患者急救
emergency care used to control hemorrhage止血急救emergency care given to help a patient who is vomiting
呕吐患者急救
emergency care for a patient during a seizure癫痫发作急救hospice care临终护理
postmortem care死后护理
8.常用临床医学术语
diseases疾病
acute diseases急性病
advanced diseases病沉重期，晚期疾病
chronic diseases慢性病
communicable diseases传染病
complicating diseases并发病
congenital diseases先天性疾病
acquired diseases后天性疾病
contagious diseases接触性传染病
endemic diseases地方病
epidemic diseases流行病
functional diseases机能病、官能病
infectious diseases传染病
inherited diseases遗传病
malignant diseases恶性病
nutritional diseases营养病
occupation diseases职业病
organic diseases器质性病
paroxysmal diseases阵发性病
periodical diseases周期病
primary(principal)diseases原发（主导）病secondary diseases继发病
sexual(venereal, social)diseases性病
terminal diseases绝症
wasting diseases消耗性疾病
chief complaint主诉
clinical manifestation临床表现
delivery history分娩史
etiology病因学
family history家族史
history, medical history病史
precipitating(induced)诱因
marital status婚姻状况
menstrual history月经史
menarche初潮
menopause闭经
past history既往史
pathogenesis发病机制
personal history个人史
symptoms症状
cardinal symptom主要症状
classical symptom典型症状
concomitant symptom伴发症状
constitutional(systemic) symptom全身症状indirect symptom间接症状
induced symptom诱发症状
local symptom局部症状
mental symptom精神症状
symptom-complex (syndrome)symptom综合症，症候群signs体征
antecedent前驱征
assident (accessory)副征
commemorative后遗症
sign of death死征
diagnostic诊断征
sign of disease病征。