2020届湖北省荆州市江陵中学高三英语一模试卷及答案

2020届湖北省荆州市江陵中学高三英语一模试卷及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
No one knows when the first printing press was invented or who invented it. but the oldest known printed text originated in China during the first millennium (千年) AD.The Diamond Sutra (《金刚经》), a Buddhist book from Dunhuang, China during the Tang Dynasty, is said to be the oldest known printed book.The Diamond Sutrawas created with a method known as block printing (雕版印刷), which used boards of hand-carved wood blocks in reverse.
It was said that the moveable type was developed by Bi Sheng. He was fromYingshan,Hubei,China, living from 970 to 1051 AD. His method replaced panels of printing blocks with moveable individual Chinese characters that could be reused. The first moveable Chinese Characters were carved into clay and baked into hard blocks that were then arranged onto an iron frame that was pressed against an iron plate.
The earliest mention of Bi Sheng’s printing press is in the bookDream Pool Essays, written in 1086 by Shen Kuo, who noted that his nephews came into possession of Bi Sheng’s typefaces (字体) after his death. Shen Kuo explained that Bi Sheng did not use wood because the texture is inconsistent (不一致的) and absorbs wetness too easily.
By the time of the Southern Song Dynasty, which ruled from 1127 to 1279 AD, books had become popular in society and helped create a scholarly class of citizens who had the capabilities to become civil servants. Large printed book collections also became a status symbol for the wealthy class.
1. When was Bi Sheng’s printing press first introduced in history?
A. After Bi Sheng died and his nephews owned his typefaces.
B. When books became popular in the Southern Song Dynasty.
C. After the block printing was replaced by the moveable type printing.
D. WhenThe Diamond Sutrawas printed into a book.
2. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Shen Kuo made great contributions to printing.
B. The moveable type printing was invented earlier than block printing.
C. Printed books were hard to get in the Song Dynasty.
D. By the Southern Song Dynasty, books had helped people get to higher social positions.
3. Why does the author write this passage?
A. To show that Buddhism was popular in the Tang Dynasty.
B. To introduce the early history of printing.
C. To memorize Bi Sheng, developing the moveable type printing.
D. To indicate the advantages of moveable type printing.
B
NASA has flown an aircraft on another planet for the first time. On Monday, April 19, Ingenuity, a 1. 8-kilogram drone (无人机) helicopter, took off from the surface of Mars, flew up about threemeters, then hovered for 40 seconds and took photos above with one of its two cameras. The historic moment was livestreamed on YouTube. “We can now say that human beings have flown a drone helicopter on another planet,” said MiMi Aung, the Ingenuity Mars Helicopter project manager at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, at a press conference. “We, together, flew at Mars, and we, together, now have our Wright brothers moment,” she added, referring to the first powered airplane flight on Earth in 1903.
The details: The flight was a significant technical challenge, thanks to Mars' s bone-chilling temperatures (nights can drop down to -130 °F / -90 °C) and its incredibly thin atmosphere — just 1% the density of Earth' s. That meant Ingenuity had to be light, with rotor blades (螺旋桨) that were bigger and faster than would be needed to achieve liftoff on Earth (although the gravity on Mars, which is only about one-third of Earth's, worked in its favor). The flight had originally been scheduled to take place on April 11 but was delayed by software issues.
Why it's significant: Beyond being a significantmilestonefor Mars exploration, the flight will also pave the way for engineers to think about new ways to explore other planets. Future drone helicopters could help astronauts by scoping out locations, exploring inaccessible areas, and capturing images. Ingenuity will also help inform the design of Dragonfly, a car-size drone that NASA is planning to send to Saturn's moon Titan in 2027.
What's next: In the next few weeks, Ingenuity will conduct four more flights, each lasting up to 90 seconds. Each one is designed to further push the limits of Ingenuity's capabilities. Ingenuity is only designed to last for 30 Martian days, and is expected to stop functioning around
May 4. Its final resting place will be in the Jezero Crater as NASA moves on to the main focus of its mission: Getting the Perseverance rover (毅力号火星探测器) to study Mars for evidence of life.
4. Why does MiMi Aung mention Wright brothers?
A. To honor the historic contribution of Wright brothers.
B. To make a comparison between Wright brothers and herself.
C. To highlight the importance of Ingenuity's Martian exploration.
D. To remind the public of the first powered airplane flight on Earth.
5. What caused challenges for Ingenuity designers?
A. The delay of software tests.
B. The force of gravity on Mars.
C. Mars's temperatures and atmosphere.
D. Technical difficulty in liftoff on Earth.
6. What does the underlined word “milestone” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. A great victory.
B. A difficult task.
C. A roadside stone.
D. A historic event.
7. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Mars Drone Helicopter Makes Historic First Flight
B. Modern Wright Brothers Moment: Mars Exploration
C. First Drone Helicopter Spots Evidence of Life on Mars
D. Ingenuity: Mars Drone Flies to Take Incredible Pictures
C
Think ofJapanin the spring and the image that comes to mind is likely the country’s famous cherry blossoms, also known as “Sakura” — white and pink flowers, blooming across cities and mountains.
The flowers, which experience a “peak bloom” that only lasts a few days, have been loved inJapanfor more than a thousand years. Crowds celebrate with viewing parties,flockingto the most popular locations to take photos and have picnics underneath the branches.
But this year, cherry blossom season has come and gone in the blink of an eye, in one of the earliest blooms on record. Scientists warn it’s a symptom of the larger climate crisis threatening ecosystems everywhere.
Yasuyuki Aono, a researcher atOsakaPrefectureUniversity, has gathered records fromKyotoback to 812 AD from historical documents and diaries. In the central city ofKyoto, cherry blossoms peaked on March 26, the earliest in more than 1,200 years, Aono said. And in the capitalTokyo, cherry blossoms reached full bloom on March 22, the second-earliest date on record.
The peak bloom dates shift every year, depending on numerous factors including weather and rainfall, but have shown a general trend of moving earlier and earlier. InKyoto, the peak date stayed around mid-April for
centuries, but began moving into early April during the 1800s. The date has only dipped into late March a handful of times in recorded history.
“Sakura blooms are very temperature sensitive,” said Aono. “Flowering and full bloom could be earlier or later depending on the temperature alone,” he said. “The temperature was low in the 1820s, but it has risen by about 3.5 degrees Celsius to this day.”
This year’s seasons in particular influenced the blossom dates, he added. The winter was very cold, but the spring came fast and unusually warm.
8. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Cherry blossom celebrations.
B. Warning of a climate crisis.
C. A strong love for cherry blossom.
D. Cherry blossom season coming earlier.
9. What does the underlined word “flocking” mean?
A. Blocking.
B. Flooding.
C. Running.
D. Following.
10. What can we infer from paragraph 5?
A. The peak blossom dates fall on a fixed date.
B. The cherry blossom rarely peaks in March.
C. The peak bloom dates mainly depend on weather and rainfall.
D. Cherry blossom peaks around mid-April inTokyo.
11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To inform people the date of cherry blossom.
B. To show a study on cherry blossom dates.
C. To present a Japanese tradition of cherry blossom celebration.
D. To make people aware of the influence of climate change on cherry blossom.
D
What will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question，you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-­technology（生物技术）. With the help of new medicine，the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents，murder and war. Today’s leading killers，such as heart disease，cancer，and aging itself，will become distant memories.
In discussion of technological changes，the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in
medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells（细胞）are the basic units of all living things，and until recently，scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells，such as those of brain cells，would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100，medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so，people will beable to take medicine to repair their organs（器官）. The medicine，made up of the basic building materials of life，will build new brain cells，heart cells，and so on－in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.
It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence，but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.
12. According to the passage，human death is now mainly caused by ________.
A. diseases and aging
B. accidents and war
C. accidents and aging
D. heart disease and war
13. In the author’s opinion，today’s most important advance in technology lies in（在于）________.
A. the Internet
B. medicine
C. brain cells
D. human organs
14. Humans may live longer in the future because ________.
A. heart disease will be far away from us
B. human brains can decide the final death
C. the basic materials of cells will last forever
D. human organs can be repaired by new medicine
15. How long can humans live in the future according to the passage?
A. Over 100 years.
B. More than 120 years.
C. About 150 years.
D. The passage doesn’t tell us.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Bad breath happens to everyone at times.___16___You can prevent bad breath by developing good oral health habits and making changes in your diet and lifestyle.
Brush your teeth properly. Brushing your teeth properly is one of the best things you can do in your fight against bad breath. Brush at least twice a day, for at least two minutes and make sure to cover all the areas in your mouth.___17___Your tongue gets a lot of build-up of bacteria which can cause bad breath. Brush from the back to the front of your tongue and be certain to get the sides, as well.
Drink lots of water. One problem thatcan cause bad breath or make bad breath worse is having a dry mouth. Water helps to flush out the food that bacteria loves.___18___They will not help prevent bad breath and，in many cases, are actually the causes of your bad breath.
Eat foods high in Vitamin D. Vitamin D helps to slow the growth of bacteria in the mouth.___19___But you can also try eating more vitamin-D rich foods like fatty fish, sugar-free yogurt and some mushrooms.
Avoid acidic drinks. These are bad both for your breath and for the health of your teeth.___20___And if you have to drink them, make sure to drink them through or straw or quickly, without holding them in your mouth. You should also follow with water to try and rinse (冲掉) away the remains.
A. Make sure to brush your tongue.
B. Avoid sodas as much as possible.
C. It is caused by a wide range of factors.
D. Regular sun exposure is the most natural way to get it.
E. Brush either right before you eat or one hour afterwards.
F. Don't use coffee，sodas，or alcohol to clean your mouth.
G. Both drinks provide an environment in your mouth for bacteria growth.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
I fed a large group of stray cats (流浪猫). I loved them all, but I did have a____21____, Butterball. Often, Butterball would jump in my____22____when I arrived home. I wished that I could bring him inside, but it was not____23____in the place where I lived.
Mostly____24____, none of the stray cats wanted to be touched. They would eat in a hurry and leave, but not Butterball. He would____25____there for head scratches (抓挠). I noticed that he was always in the____26____of a spotted cat, Callie. Though not as____27____, she was touchable.
One day, I bought my own____28____. The cats,____29____Butterball, watched anxiously as I started moving my things. Butterball seemed to know I was leaving and tried to get in extra
____30____. I told him that I would come back for him but he turned away as if he didn’t____31____me.
The next day, I returned to take him to my new home. He____32____over and jumped into my car as usual. But when I tried to close the door, he jumped out and walked off toward the____33____. I followed,____34____to catch him. When he reached the bushes, Callie came out to____35____ him and they both looked at me. I____36____that Butterball was not going anywhere without Callie. Gently, I____37____the Callie. Butterball____38____me.
I____39____pictures of my cats online. I was surprised when I read a____40____from my former neighbor, “I am so glad that you took in the big cat and his mama, too.”
21. A. reason B. favorite C. purpose D. concern
22. A. home B. room C. yard D. car
23. A. forbidden B. required C. tolerated D. allowed
24. A. silent B. soft C. wild D. eager
25. A. looked B. wait C. ran D. danced
26. A. company B. face C. name D. form
27. A. friendly B. deadly C. brotherly D. lovely
28. A. office B. shelter C. restaurant D. house
29. A. actually B. especially C. generally D. probably
30. A. trust B. comfort C. food D. sympathy
31. A. ignore B. remember C. believe D. recognize
32. A. flew B. took C. wandered D. handed
33. A. trees B. buildings C. bushes D. caves
34. A. scared B. determined C. excited D. prepared
35. A. join B. bite C. protect D. support
36. A. realized B. admitted C. insisted D. predicted
37. A. picked up B. drove away C. turned down D. held back
38. A. persuaded B. guided C. followed D. attacked
39. A. took B. collected C. sold D. posted
40. A. story B. suggestion C. warning D. comment
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
When you imagine the South Pole，what do you see？A pole with flags sticking out in an empty，frozen，white
openness？Actually，there’s more than one South Pole—and none of them exactly fits the above___41.___(describe).
If you think of the earth as a___42.___(spin) basketball balanced on the tip of a finger，the place where the fingertip touches the ball is what___43.___(call) the geographic South Pole.This South Pole is an imaginary point.There’s no pole with flags there，just a stick and a sign honoring the first explorers___44.___(reach) the spot in 1911.
A short distance from the geographic South Pole is a ceremonial South Pole—___45.___actual pole with flags from some countries.Far，far away is the magnetic South Pole—the South Pole___46.___which a compass would point you.Its current location is 1,800 miles away from the geographic South Pole，in the Southern Ocean，so far north___47.___it’s not even in the Antarctic circle.The ocean­going magnetic South Pole is___48.___(natural) unmarked，but if you happen to be there，you___49.___(notice)：Your compass needle moves aimlessly.
There is still another South Pole：the pole of inaccessibility，defined as the place in Antarctica that is the___50.___(far) from any shore.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Mary is a high school student, who devotes herself at her lessons every day. Last Saturday, as usually, she went to several classes. In the evening, she continued to study until deeply into night. She was too sleepy and tired that she couldn’t work effectively. On the Sunday morning, she was about to do her lessons while her father came up and advised her to take a break. Soon they came up a good idea. We decided to go cycling in the countryside. Mary enjoyed herself, competing and chatting with her father, and felt relaxing in the open air. On Monday, Mary was energetic but active in class.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

续写的词数应为80
左右。

Holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest. Doing something meaningful can also gain special pleasure. When the final bell rang, the students were reminded that there was no school on Monday — the Labor Day. "Enjoy your extra day off," said the teacher to her class.
An extra day of fun suited Kayla just fine. She loved breaks. She wanted to go out to play with her friends. When the school bus dropped Kayla off, she ran into the house happily.
"How was school, Kayla?" asked her mom.
"It was great, Mom. I am excited about no school on Monday. "
"You just started back to school two weeks ago. Already in need of a break, huh?" asked Kayla's mom with a laugh.
Kayla slept in the next morning. Saturday was her favorite day of the week. It rained most of the day, so Kayla enjoyed playing video games inside. On Sunday, her friends came over and they played basketball for several hours.
Then it was Labor Day, you know, the extra day off that Kayla was so looking forward to. But Kayla was awakened early that morning by her dad. He told Kayla that in honor of Labor Day, the family would be cleaning both inside and outside the house. Kayla couldn't believe it. This was a holiday. A day when she was supposed to be enjoying freshly squeezed lemonade while playing in her tree house. As Kayla wiped her eyes, she began to wonder if this was just a bad dream.
"Kayla, your breakfast is ready. We have a lot of work to do today. Let's get a move on," said Kayla's mom. As she sat down at the kitchen table, Kayla asked her parents, "Are you serious about working today? Isn't Labor Day a holiday?"
"Yes, Kayla. It is," replied her dad. "But your mom and I thought working hard today would make you appreciate why Labor Day was observed in the first place."
At first, Kayla felt disappointed at her parents’ plan for the holiday. How eagerly she wanted to go to out to play with her friends! She was against the annoying plan from the bottom of her heart, but she had no choice. First, Kayla was arranged to wash the breakfast dishes. After that, she was asked to give their puppy a bath. She knew it was a hard task, which needed a lot of tiring, careful and patient work. She has begun the work with great unwillingness.
But things began to change as she was doing the jobs.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. A
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. C
6. D
7. A
8. D 9. B 10. B 11. D
12. A 13. B 14. D 15. D
16. C 17. A 18. F 19. D 20. B
21. B 22. D 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. C 32.
C 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. A 37. A 38. C 39.
D 40. D
41. description
42. spinning
43. is called
44. to reach
45. an 46. to/toward(s)
47. that 48. naturally
49. will notice
50. farthest
51.(1).at→to
(2).usually→usual
(3).deeply→deep
(4).too→so
(5).Sunday前the去掉
(6).while→when
(7).came up 后面加with
(8).We→They
(9).relaxing→relaxed
(10).but→and
52.略。