初三上册英语Unit 3.3课时同步课堂练1(基础巩固+能力提升)

疑问词引导的宾语从句
1.疑问词引导的宾语从句
当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是引导词，这时疑问词不可省略，而且宾语从句要用陈述语序，即＂疑问词+主语+谓语+其他＂。

►I wonder what I should do next.我想知道下一步我该做什么。

宾语从句的标点要根据主句的句子类型来确定。

当主句是陈述句时，句末通常用句点；当主句是疑问句时，句末通常用问号。

2.含有宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换
含有宾语从句的复合句在一定的条件下可以转化为简单句。

（1）若主句的主语与从句的主语一致，则由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以变成＂疑问词+动词不定式＂的复合结构。

►I don’t know how I should do it next.=I don’t know how to do it next.我不知道下一步应该怎样做。

（2）当主句谓语动词是see,hear,watch等时，其后的that从句常简化为＂宾语+动词原形/动词-ing形式＂。

►I saw some boys were playing basketball on the playground just now.I saw some boys playing basketball on the playground just now.刚才我看到一些男孩正在操场上打篮球。

（3）当主句的谓语动词是hope,agree,wish等，且主句的主语与从句的主语一致时，其后以that引导的宾语从句可简化为动词不定式结构。

►He agreed that he could help me with my English.He agreed to help me with my English.
（2018•天津中考）—Please tell me__________.
—At ten o’clock
A.where you have your English lesson
B.where do you have your English lesson
C.what time you have your English lesson
D.what time do you have your English lesson
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——请告诉我你什么时间上英语课。

——十点。

本题考查宾语从句。

首先可以从Please tell me分析出本题考查宾语从句。

宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，可排除B、D；根据答语At ten o’clock是时间，可排除A。

故选C。

宾语从句除由引导词that，if/whether引导外还可由what，which，whom，when等引导。

宾语从句的引导词
引导词引导词的作用例句
that本身无意义，只起连接作用，
口语中可省略。

He said(that)Kate was good at swimming.他说凯特擅长游泳。

if/whether意为＂是否＂，不
作句子成分，但不能省略。

I wonder if you are a teacher.我想知道你是否是老师。

what，which，whose，whom等连接代词在从句中作一定的成分，如主
语、宾语、定语等。

I don’t know what they are going to do.我不知道他们
打算干什么。

He asked me whose book it was.他问我这本书是谁的。

When(指时间)，where(指地点)，why(表原因)，how(表方式)
等连接副词在从句中作状语。

Could you tell me where you are from?你能告诉我你来
自哪儿吗？
Do you know how they found the place?你知道他们是怎
么找到这个地方的吗？
—Could you please tell me__________you will go to Hong Kong on business?
—Sure.I prefer to take a plane.
A.whether
B.why
C.when
D.how
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查宾语从句引导词的用法。

根据答语＂当然可以。

我更喜欢乘本飞机。

＂可以推测问句中宾语从句对交通方式提问，应用连接词how。

语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即＂主句＋引导词＋宾语从句(主语＋谓语＋...)＂。

►He doesn’t know where the post office is.他不知道邮局在哪里。

（2018•甘肃兰州中考）Could you please tell me__________?
A.where are you from
B.how can I get there
C what’s the matter with you D.where does he live
【答案】C
【解析】句意：你能告诉我你怎么了吗？此句考查宾语从句的语序，在宾语从句中要用到陈述句的语序，只有答案C是陈述句的语序，what为宾语从句的主语，故选C。

时态
含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态关系应包括以下三点内容：
（1）如果主句是一般现在时，从句可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。

►I don’t know when he will come back.我不知道他将何时回来。

（2）如果主句是过去时，宾语从句只可根据需要，选用与过去相关的时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时中的某一种形式。

►The children didn’t know who he was.孩子们不知道他是谁。

（3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。

►The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.老师说地球绕着太阳转。

（2018•广西贺州中考）—Do you think__________at home on computer in the future?
—Yes,I think they needn’t go to school.
A.kids will study
B.did kids study
C.kids studied
D.will kids study
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你认为孩子们在将来会在家里在电脑上学习吗？——会的，我认为他们不需要去学校。

考查宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除B和D，且根据in the future可知，用一般将来时，故选A。

宾语从句可以转换成＂疑问词＋不定式＂结构
►I want to know how I can do the dishes.＝I want to know how to do the dishes.我想知道怎样洗餐具。

He told us where________a picnic.
A.having
B.to have
C.have
D.had
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查＂疑问词＋不定式＂结构的用法。

句意＂他告诉了我们去什么地方野餐。

＂＂疑问词＋不定式＂相当于宾语从句。

宾语从句口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether，特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。

一、单项选择。

1.（2018•黑龙江龙东中考）—I’d like to know______________for the picnic.
—I’m not sure.Maybe she has bought some drinks and snacks.
A.why did she buy so little food
B.what she has prepared
C.when is she leaving
2.（2018•黄石中考）—I’m sorry about yesterday.
—Don’t worry about it.It’s never just one person’s fault.We should think about______________better next time.
A.how can we do it
B.how we can do it
C.how can they do it
D.how they can do it
3.（2018•湖北咸宁中考）—What did the teacher say to you?
—He asked me______________.
A.why I am late for class
B.if had I prepared my exams well
C.when did I do my homework
D.how I could design my plan
4.（2018•湖北孝感中考）—Excuse me,I am doing a survey.May I know______________to pay?
—About five times a week.
A.when you choose WeChat
B.whether did you try We Chat
C.how often you use WeChat
D.why do you prefer We Chat
5.（2018甘肃白银中考）What lovely flowers!Could you please tell me________?
A.why did you get them
B.where you got them
C.when will you get them
D.how will you get them
6.—Could you tell me______________?
—About one hour and a half.
A.how long it takes to drive to Nanjing from Yangzhou
B.how long it took to drive to Nanjing from Yangzhou
C.how long does it take to drive to Nanjing from Yangzhou
D.how long did it take to drive to Nanjing from Yangzhou
7.I wonder______________.
A.where can I get some pens
B.when the park closes today
C.what happen last night
D.if is there a bank near here
8.—Do you know______________tomorrow?
—At8o’clock.
A.when did Sally come
B.when Sally came
C.when will Sally come
D.when Sally will come
9.—Do you know______________?
—He is a dentist.
A.where he is from
B.what does he do
C.what his father is
10.－Could you tell me______________?
－Sure.Walk straight along this street and you’ll find it.
A.how can I get to the post office
B.where is the post office
C.which is the way to the post office
D.how far the post office is
11.—Jim feels stressed from time to time,but he doesn’t know______________about it.
—He can get help from his teachers.
A.Who to talk
B.which to talk to
C.when to talk to
D.who to talk to
12.—Could you tell me______________?
—Certainly.
A.who is waiting for me
B.who are you waiting for
C.what the matter is with your bike
D.how to do
13.―Could you tell me______________?
―She has a pain in her face.
A.what is the matter with her
B.what’s wrong with him
C.what the matter is with her
D.what wrong is with him
14.—Excuse me,could you tell me______________?
—Yes.Go straight and turn left.It’s on your right.
A.how can I get to the drugstore
B.which is the way to the drugstore
C.where is the drugstore
D.how far the drugstore is
15.—Philip has gone to England.
—Oh,can you tell me______________?
A.when did he leave
B.when he is leaving
C.when he has left
D.when he left
16.—Excuse me,but could you please tell me______________?
—Sure.
A.where is the restroom
B.when the store opens
C.what time does it begin
17.—Hi,Tony!Do you know______________?
—Yes,there is a coffee shop at the corner of the street.
A.when I can a cup of coffee
B.when can I get a cup of coffee
C.where I can get a cup of coffee
D.where can I get a cup of coffee
18.—Did you have a good time in Jining?
—Come and have a look.My photos will show you______________.
A.how was the trip
B.why did we go there
C.how we went there
D.what the trip was like
19.—Could you please tell me______________?
—By taking an online tour.
A.in which way can I improve my writing skills
B.how I can travel around the world in eight hours
C.what places of interest we can visit at a time
D.how should I get some more useful information
20.—What time shall we leave for the airport?
—It’s foggy today.I’m not sure______________be closed soon.Let’s go now.
A.whether the highway will
B.whether will the highway
C.when the highway will
D.when will the highway
二、根据提示完成短文。

Sometimes we should1.________(say)＂No＂.For example,when a friend or a relative asks us 2.________(use)our influence to3.__________(borrow)money from a bank,we should refuse.Also,when our ability is limited,we had better4.________(refuse)others’requests politely.
However,why do we fail to say＂No＂?We feel that5.________(if)we turn down a request from a friend or a6.__________(relation),we will become unpopular.
In fact,it7.________(be)unwise of us to do so.We ourselves8.________(get)into trouble and we will lose friends and could even9.________(punish)by law.So we have to say＂No＂when we are
10.________(able)to carry out the task.
三、阅读理解。

Dear John,
I’m very excited about your coming and staying in Chichester(奇切斯特)next week.The day after tomorrow I have to go away on business for three days,but I will be back when you come.I’ll leave a key with my friend next door at Number21,so you won’t have to wait before I return.Now let me tell you how to get here.
Walk along the Star Road until you come to the first traffic lights and then turn right.Turn left at the next crossing.Go straight,and Lansdowne Road is the second on the right.There you can find my house,the door at Number22.Oh!I nearly forgot to tell you about the most important thing:please take a sleeping-bag with you.
Well,I must go now.I have to go and take the car from the garage(汽车修理店)on Land Road.I was out yesterday when it broke down on the way.
Mike
1.John will come and stay in Mike’s house_________.
A.at the beginning of this week
B.next week
C.at the weekend
D.the day after tomorrow
2.How many days will Mike go away on business?
A.Two days.
B.Three days.
C.Four days.
D.Five days.
3.Mike will leave a_________with his friend next door.
A.house
B.car
C.sleeping-bag
D.key
4.Mike’s house is on the_________.
nsdowne Road
B.Star Road
C.Chichester Road
nd Road
5.What’s wrong with the writer’s car?
A.A thief stole(偷)it on the way.
B.Mike sold it to someone else.
C.It broke down on the way.
D.Someone drove it away by mistake.
一、单项选择。

1.B【解析】句意：我想知道她为野餐准备了什么。

——我不知道。

或许她买了一些饮料和零食。

本题考查
宾语从句。

宾语从句的语序应为陈述语序，可排除A；根据句意排除C，选B。

2.B【解析】句意：——昨天我很抱歉。

——不用担心。

它永远不只是一个人的错。

我们应该考虑下一次如
何做得更好。

考查宾语从句。

宾语从句需用陈述句语序，A、C都是疑问句语序，可排除。

It’s never just one person’s fault.不只是一个人的错，意思是“我们大家都有责任”；根据句意语境，可知they不合句意，故选B。

3.D【解析】句意：——老师对你说了什么？——他问我如何设计我的计划。

此句考查宾语从句的时态和语
序，宾语从句要用陈述句的语序，首先可以排除B,C选项，因为它们都是一般疑问句的语序；当主句是一般过去时态时，宾语从句一般要用过去时态的某种形式（客观真理除外），此句的主句是一般过去时态，排除A选项，故选D。

4.C【解析】句意：——对不起，我正在做一项调查。

请问您使用微信付款的频率是多少?——大约一个星
期五次。

A.when you choose WeChat你什么时候选择微信，陈述句的语序；B.whether did you try We Chat 是否尝试微信，疑问句语序；C.how often you use WeChat你多久用一次微信，陈述句语序；D.why do you prefer We Chat你为什么更喜欢微信，疑问句语序。

本题考察宾语从句，应使用陈述句语序；根据答语可知，上文在询问频率，how often多久一次，询问频率。

故选C。

5.B【解析】句意：——多么美丽的花儿啊！你能告诉我你在哪儿买的的吗？根据Could you please tell me
可知本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序，结合选项，可知A、C、D选项都不是陈述语序，所以排除，故选B。

6.A【解析】句意：——你能告诉我从南京开车到扬州要多久吗？——大约一个半小时。

在宾语从句中只能
用陈述句语序，不能用疑问句语序，所以选A。

7.B【解析】句意：我想知道今天公园在什么时候关门。

在宾语从句中只能用陈述句语序，不能用疑问句语
序。

所以选B。

8.D【解析】句意：你知道Sally明天什么时间来吗？在八点钟。

因为这里应该是个宾语从句，而宾语从句
应该使用陈述句语序。

A，C都是问句的语序（did,will在主语Sally的前面），B语顺正确，但是从句的时态不符，tomorrow体现的时将来时。

只有D是陈述句语序，并且时态正确。

故选D。

9.C【解析】句意：——你知道他的爸爸是干什么的吗？——他是牙医。

根据句意及题干分析此题考查宾语
从句的用法，宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，排除B；根据答语是问职业，故选C。

10.C【解析】句意：——你能告诉我哪条路是通往邮局的路吗？——当然可以。

沿着这条街一直走，然后
你就会找到。

此题考查宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。

根据句意，应选C。

11.D【解析】句意：——吉姆时刻都感到有压力，但是他不知道和谁说这件事。

——它可以向他的老师们
请求帮助。

此题考查特殊疑问词+不定式结构和talk to sb.about sth.对某人说有关某事。

根据句意，应选D。

12.A【解析】句意：——你能告诉我谁在等你吗？——当然可以。

在宾语从句中，主句用一般现在时从句
根据需要选择时态，主句是过去时态，从句要用相应的过去时态。

从句用陈述句的语序。

D.how to do 应是how to do it，故选A。

13.A【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。

句意：——你能告诉我她怎么了吗？——她脸上很痛苦。

从答语的主
语看，是女她，排除B、D，＂你怎么了＂这是一个比较特殊的句子，在宾语从句中不改变语序，只有A符合题意。

故选A。

14.B【解析】句意：——对不起，你能告诉我哪条路是去药店的吗？——好的，直走然后左拐。

它就在你
的右边。

根据题干分析此题是考查宾语从句的用法，宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，排除A、C；根据答语是问路，故选B。

15.D【解析】句意：——费利普去了英国。

——哦，你能告诉我他是什么时候去的吗？根据语境可知，这
里是宾语从句，语序应用陈述句的语序。

由于这里询问的是过去的事实，应用一般过去时。

结合选项可知应选D。

16.B【解析】句意：——对不起，但是请问你可以告诉我商店什么时候开吗？——当然。

宾语从句要用陈
述句语序，A项提前了is，是疑问句语序；C项加了助动词does，是疑问句语序。

故选B。

17.C【解析】考查宾语从句。

句意：——嗨，托尼！你知道我可以在哪里买到咖啡吗？——是的，在街的
拐角处有一家咖啡店。

在宾语从句中只能用陈述句语序，不能用疑问句语序。

在所给出的四个选项中只有C项用的是陈述句语序，所以选C。

18.D【解析】考查宾语从句。

宾语从句为陈述语序，据此可先排除选项A和B，C我们怎么到的那儿；D
我们的旅行怎么样。

根据上文问句：你在济宁玩得高兴吗？可知从句中应该说明旅行的情况，故选D。

19.B【解析】考查宾语从句。

句意：——你可以告诉我怎样在八小时内周游全球吗？——通过在线旅游的
方式。

宾语从句用陈述句语序，A、D错了。

B.how I can travel around the world in eight hours我怎样在八小时内周游全球？C.what places of interest we can visit at a time我们可以参观哪些名胜？答语是＂by……＂，用how提问，故选B。

20.A【解析】考查宾语从句。

句意：――我们什么时间出发去机场？――今天多雾。

我不确定高速公路是
否很快要关闭。

我们现在就走吧。

be sure后跟的是宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，B、D错；
soon与when含义重复，C错。

故选A。

二、根据提示完成短文。

1.say
2.to use
3.borrow
4.refuse
5.if
6.relative
7.is
8.will get
9.be punished10.unable
三、阅读理解。

【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述麦克为约翰介绍如何去他的家。

1.B【解析】细节理解题。

根据I’m very excited about your coming and staying in Chichester(奇切斯特)next week
可知，下周约翰将会来并住在麦克家，故选B。

2.B【解析】细节理解题。

根据The day after tomorrow I have to go away on business for three days可知，麦克
出差3天，故选B。

3.D【解析】细节理解题。

根据I’ll leave a key with my friend next door at Number21可知，麦克将留一把钥
匙在他的朋友家，故选D。

4.A【解析】细节理解题。

根据Go straight,and Lansdowne Road is the second on the right.There you can find my
house,the door at Number22可知，麦克的家在兰斯当路上，故选A。

5.C【解析】细节理解题。

根据I was out yesterday when it broke down on the way可知，他的车昨天在路上坏
了，故选C。