2020届厦门大同中学高三英语二模试卷及答案

2020届厦门大同中学高三英语二模试卷及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
In September, something terrible happened on the west coast ofTasmania,Australia. As many as 380 pilot whales became stranded(搁浅) in shallow water there and later died. This might have beenAustralia’s largest stranding event on record, the BBC reported.
But this large amount of whale stranding is not uncommon. For centuries, it has happened all over the world and has puzzled scientists. Scientists say the cause is often unknown. But they have offered many different explanations.
Some say the whales chase small fish for food and end up in shallow water because they are not paying attention to where they are going.
Others think the stranding has something to do with Earth’s geomagnetic field (地磁场). They say that a geomagnetic compass in whales’ brains controls their position. Unusual changes in Earth’s magnetic field can affect the whales’ compasses and send them in the wrong direction.
Another explanation suggests that stranding is caused by the close relationships that whales have. Pilot whales travel in large groups. One lead whale might mistakenly lead the whole group to shallow water. “And if one gets into trouble, the others will not leave,” said Sheryl Gibney, a leading biologist fromNew Zealand. “Some will come in and try to help, they get trapped on the beach, then more will come.”
The whales are trapped by mistake or out of sympathy(同情). Once they get stranded, they will likely die. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of theUS, less than 10 percent of all stranded whales survive.
1. What do we know about the stranding inAustralia?
A. It happened on theeast coast ofAustralia.
B. It caused the death of over 300 pilot whales.
C. It is commonly seen in September each year.
D. It was the largest stranding event in the world.
2. According to Gibney, the pilot whales are the animals that________.
A. are kind to each other
B. are easy to lose direction
C. are too huge to float in the sea
D.are silly to follow the leading whale
3. What is the story mainly about?
A. How human activity has affected whales.
B. What might cause whale strandings.
C. How whales find their direction while traveling.
D. What scientists are doing to save stranded whales.
B
On September 7, 1930, Yuan Longping was born inBeijing. Fluent in English, his mother often read Friedrich Nietzsche's works to him. Influenced by his mother, Yuan Longping liked English,geography and chemistry at school. After graduating from university, he became a teacher in the countryside ofHunanin 1953.
With lots of crop failures, nationwide hunger hitChinain the 1960s, making many people live a bad life. Yuan was sad and felt he must do something. Since the climate inHunanwas not friendly to growing wheat. He decided to devote himself to studying how to increase the production of rice, a basic food for over 60 percent of Chinese people. From then on, he began a lifelong connection with rice.
Yuan Longping succeeded in growing the world's first high production hybrid rice (杂交水稻) variety in 1973, which could reach a yield of over 500 kg per more than 200 kg than before. For the next four decades, he continued to work on the research of hybrid rice. In 2020, hybrid rice developed by his team achieved 1,500 kg permuin two growing seasons, a new world record.
Nowadays, the hybrid rice is grown in almost half ofChina's rice fields and its production accounts for 60 percent of the total rice production inChina. The hybrid rice production is 20 percent more than the common kinds , the yearly increase of which feeds up to 100 million people.
In 2019, Yuan Longping, known as the “Father of hybrid rice”, was awarded with Medal of the Republic,China's highest honor.
Yuan Longping's biggest dream in life was to develop more hybrid rice varieties, which could be grown all over the world to help solve the global food problem. So far, the hybrid varieties he developed have been grown in over 40 countries, including theUSA,BrazilandIndia.
4. What do we know about Yuan Longping according to the text?
A. He began to study hybrid rice in 1973.
B. He received the highest honor inChinaat 90.
C. He ever taught math in the city after graduation.
D. He ever hoped Chinese would be free from hunger.
5. How does the author mainly show the achievements of Yuan Longping in hybrid rice?
A. By listing figures.
B. By quoting reports.
C. By imagining results.
D. By explaining reasons.
6. Which of the following best describes Yuan Longping according to the text?
A. Patient and honest.
B. Energetic and athletic.
C. Capable and remarkable.
D. Humorous and adventurous.
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. The life of Yuan Longping.
B. The team of Yuan Longping.
C. The honor of Yuan Longping.
D. The education of Yuan Longping.
C
When an animal species is considered endangered, it means that the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has evaluatedit as nearly extinct, which means that a majority of its population has already died off and the rate of birth is lower than the species’death rate. Today, more and more animal and plant species are on the way to extinction because of a variety of major factors that cause a species to become endangered, and as you might expect, humans play a role in quite a few of them — in fact, the biggest threat to endangered animals is human encroachment (侵入) on their habitats.
Every species needs a habitat, where an animal finds food, raises its young. Unfortunately, humans destroy animal habitats in a number of different ways: building houses, clearing forests to getlumberand to plant crops, draining rivers to bring water to those crops, and making streets and parking lots.
In addition, human development pollutes the environment with all kinds of chemicals, which destroys food sources and shelters for the creatures and plants of that area. As a result, some species die out while others are pushed into areas where they can’t find food and shelters — to make matters worse, when one animal population suffers, it affects many other species in its food web, so more than one species’population is likely to decrease.
Habitat destruction is the number one reason for animal endangerment, which is why conservation groups work hard to repair the effects of human developments — many non-profit groups like the Nature Conservancy are taking measures to clean up coastlines and establish nature preserves to prevent further harm to native environments and species around the world.
8. A species is considered endangered________.
A. when the IUCN has noticed its population change
B. when most of its population has died off
C. when the species’ birth rate is close to its death rate
D. when the species is losing its habitat
9. What does the underlined word “lumber” probably mean?
A. Gas.
B. Food.
C. Chemicals.
D. Wood.
10. What is being done to protect the endangered species?
A. Calling for human development.
B. Raising money.
C. Establishing nature preserves.
D. Educating people.
11. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Habitat destruction causes animal endangerment.
B. Animals die out due to environment pollution.
C. Measures need to be taken to increase species.
D. Non-profit groups are making great contributions.
D
Many of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.
In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.
And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” Liu Qi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.
Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you
love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.
12. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.
A. chiliescan be beneficial
B. chilies are popular inAmerica
C. chilies can be dangerous
D. serious headaches can be dangerous
13. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.
A. decreasing death rate
B. releasing natural chemicals
C. curing serious headaches
D. providing enough nutrition
14. Which of the following statement is TRUE?
A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.
B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.
C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.
D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.
15. The writer wrote the passage to ________.
A. warn people of the dangers of chilies
B. ask people to eat Carolina Reaper
C. encourage people to eat more chilies
D. tell people the benefits of chilies
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
七选五(10)
Everybody knows the importance of drinking enough water.As we all know, drinking water benefits your skin, muscles and organs.___16___
The major reason for that is related to human biological needs.When you're a baby, you're 75 percent water.Then, as the years get higher, you get drier.___17___ It helps you lose weight, according to a study from theUniversityofBirmingham.
The researchers found that drinking 500 ml of water thirty minutes before a meal helped participants lose 10 more pounds than those who did not.___18___All participants were advised to improve their diet and physical activity levels.84 overweight adults were involved.Among them 41 were told to “preload” with water, while 43 were told to control their water intake before eating.After 12 weeks, the participants instructed to “preload” with water lost 2.87 pounds more than those in the control group on average.In addition, the participants preloading with water before each of their three main meals every day lost 9.48 pounds over the 12 weeks.___19___ Dr.Helen Parretti, a lecturer at theUniversityofBirmingham, had this to say of the study: ___20___Just
drinking 500 ml of water, three times a day, before your main meals may help reduce your weight...and this could be an easy way for weight loss. Furthermore, it can be significant for an individual to lose extra weight, making a potential contribution to public health.
A. Another reason to drink water is right here.
B. The study began with a weight management consultation.
C. The beauty of these findings is that losing weight is simple.
D. But not everyone can get access to tap water in some areas.
E. It also helps prevent certain diseases and improve your mood.
F. In contrast, those preloading once a day or never, lost just 1.76 pounds.
G. So kids should drink more water instead of coke to keep healthy.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Last July I got a job at a theater I admire. I was feeling lucky. But something wasn’t____21____.
My daughter was going to leave for university in the fall and I wasn’t____22____for her to go. Our household is small and tight-knit（关系亲密的）. It’s just the two of us. I was excited for my daughter and I felt I had____23____her well. But no one had prepared me for this. I was____24____. I felt as though I were drowning （溺亡）.
Somehow, this feeling of drowning was what____25____me. One day as I was walking home, I____26____the university pool. I must have walked past it a million times. Swimming wasn’t something I usually did. And yet something____27____me to take it up.
The next morning I____28____the pool. I headed over to the shallow end, the area reserved for____29____like me. I walked down the cold steps into the poll and all of a sudden, I was in. I could touch the floor, and that was reassuring（安心的）. I looked around to make sure the other people weren’t watching my awkward strokes. “No one is watching,” I____30____to myself. No one cares if you look like a baby elephant swimming for the first time. No one cares if your heart____31____when mydaughter packs up her things and____32____. Somehow, in that moment, this was____33____.
I swam slowly from one end to the other, feeling a____34____. I found myself crying. Thankfully, no one could tell my____35____from the water running down my face. Afterward, I headed for the changing room, smiling and feeling proud that I faced this____36____. When I got home, my daughter said that I looked____37____.
The next day, I was up early, swimming bag in hand I was____38____afraid of drowning. I wasbreathing easier.
I was feeling better.
Having “an empty nest” is an easy catchphrase（口头禅）for something that is impossible to describe. It is not just an empty room. It is a____39____part of who you are. And for me, swimming____40____a part of that hole.
21. A.special B.right C.true D.strange
22. A.afraid B.sure C.ready D.sorry
23. A.prepared B.treated C.cared D.planned
24. A.disappointed B.inspired C.panicking plaining
25. A.controlled B.improved C.bothered D.saved
26. A.examined B.overlooked C.noticed D.recognized
27. A.pushed B.expected C.ordered D.allowed
28. A.set apart from B.set out for C.get out of D.get away from
29. A.fighters B.volunteers C.losers D.beginners
30. A.repeated B.remembered C.recalled D.replied
31. A.races B.pounds C.stops D.breaks
32. A.appears B.leaves C.escapes D.fails
33. forting B.upsetting C.annoying D.confusing
34. A.connection B.release C.pressure D.conflict
35. A.rain B.blood C.tears D.sweat
36. A.hope B.surprise C.anger D.fear
37. A.tired B.pale C.happy D.healthy
38. A.once again B.no longer C.as usual D.so far
39. A.missing B.natural C.unique eful
40. A.touches B.forms C.involves D.fills
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Dian Fossey was regarded___41.___one of the heroes of the 20thcentury. She was___42.___outgoing and kind person. However, her interest in animals, and the writings of an American scientist___43.___(call) George Schaller, inspired her___44.___(take) the first step towards her future work. In 1966, she went toAfricato study rare mountain gorillas.___45.___the gorillas had interested her so much, Dian decided to study for PHD. After she
finished her degree, she wrote a book about the gorillas___46.___she had lived with. She later returned toAfrica.___47.___(luck), she was murdered in 1985.
Dian Fossey is still alive in___48.___(we) hearts to this day. Thanks to her research, we now know more about mountain gorillas. They___49.___(protect) by governments and various___50.___(organize). Without her work, there would be very few mountain gorillas left today.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限1词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I still remember my best friend in the elementary school,so his name is Li Ming. When we met,he was eight and I was nine. He often told interested stories that made me laugh happy. We were in same class at school. We sat together and always play during the break. He lived near my house, so it was convenient for us to meeting every day. We watched cartoons on TV, and did our homeworks together. In summer, we went swimming in the river with our parents, but we never did that alone because of it was dangerous. Later, her family moved to another city, what made me sad. I‘’ll never forget the nice time we spent together.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你的新西兰好友Lucy打算来中国学习中医，发邮件向你询问中医的有关情况，请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.简要介绍中医；
3.表达祝愿。

注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Lucy,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. B
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. A
6. C
7. A
8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
16. E 17. A 18. B 19. F 20. C
21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32.
B 33. A 34. B 35.
C 36.
D 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D
41. as 42. an
43. called 44. to take
45. Because
46. that##which##不填
47. Unluckily
48. our 49. are protected
50. organizations
51.(1). so→and
(2). interested→interesting
(3). happy→happily
(4). 在same前加上the
(5). play→played
(6). meeting→meet
(7). homeworks→homework
(8). 去掉of
(9). her→his
(10). what→which
52.略。