职称英语综合类B级-8_真题-无答案

职称英语综合类B级-8
(总分100,考试时间90分钟)
第1部分：词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

1. For urban areas this approach was wholly inadequate.
A. really
B. basically
C. fundamentally
D. completely
2. You must shine your shoes.
A. polish
B. clear
C. wash
D. mend
3. The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September.
A. play
B. send
C. show
D. tell
4. While we don't agree, we continue to be friends.
A. Because
B. Where
C. Although
D. Whatever
5. They agreed to modify their policy.
A. clarify
B. change
C. define
D. develop
6. Mary has blended the ingredients.
A. mixed
B. made
C. cooked
D. eaten
7. In judging our work you should take into consideration the fact that we have been very busy recently.
A. thought
B. account
C. mind
D. brain
8. Have you talked to her lately?
A. lastly
B. finally
C. shortly
D. recently
9. A notably short man, he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.
A. practically
B. considerably
C. remarkably
D. fairly
10. The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth.
A. take out
B. repair
C. push in
D. dig
11. He endured agonies before he finally expired.
A. fired
B. resigned
C. died
D. retreated
12. This table is strong and durable.
A. long-lasting
B. extensive
C. far-reaching
D. eternal
13. The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror.
A. staring
B. laughing
C. shouting
D. smiling
14. The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident.
A. secrets
B. details
C. benefits
D. words
15. I'm content with the way the campaign has gone.
A. tied
B. satisfied
C. filled
D. concerned
第2部分：阅读判断
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请先A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选B；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选C。

Help Your Child Become a Reader
Encouraging early reading skills can build a path to a lifelong (终身的) love of reading and can help your child get a head start in school. While reading to your child is still the most important thing you can do to build reading skills, there are many techniques that can help.
Make reading fun. Play games with your child as you read. Many traditional children's games can be adapted to encourage reading skills.
While reading or during play, tell your child, "1 spy with my little eye, something that begins with the letter b." Help the child find something on the page or in the room that begins with that letter. For example, "1 see a barn." This can also be used to teach beginning letter sounds, "1 spy with my little eye, something that begins with the sound 's'." Help the child find a word that begins with the "s" sound.
In this variation on the popular game, instruct the child that, "Simon says, 'point to something that starts with the letter n.'" The child can then find an object in the room or a body part, such as the nose, that starts with the letter presented. This can also be used to teach beginning sounds.
Make a game out of rhyming (押韵) words by making up silly words to rhyme with the child's name or favorite toys. This sets the stage for rhyming real words by showing the child the similarities of sounds. As the child masters making up the words, begin rhyming real words to one another.
Tips to raise a successful reader:
Put books in places where the child plays: If books are easily accessible, children are more likely to pick them up.
Let children "read to you" by looking at pictures. Making up stories to go along with illustrations helps children discover how words relate to pictures.
Take books along on trips or even short visits to the doctor's office or grocery store.
Have children help you shop. Reading grocery lists and looking for specific items helps build sight vocabulary.
16. A good reading habit can help your child do well at school.
A. A. Right
B. B. Wrong
C. C. Not mentioned
17. Computer games can be used to help children develop their reading skills.
A. A. Right
B. B. Wrong
C. C. Not mentioned
18. One of the useful games is to play spy.
A. A. Right
B. B. Wrong
C. C. Not mentioned
19. When playing a game you should ask your child to find something starting with the letter b instead of c.
A. A. Right
B. B. Wrong
C. C. Not mentioned
20. The purpose of the rhyming games is to make preparations for children to write poems.
A. A. Right
B. B. Wrong
C. C. Not mentioned
21. You can ask your child to tell stories based on pictures,
A. A. Right
B. B. Wrong
C. C. Not mentioned
22. You should take books with you when you go out with your child.
A. A. Right
B. B. Wrong
C. C. Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

Global Warming
1 Smoke is clouding our view of global warming, protecting the planet from perhaps three-quarters of the greenhouse (温室) effect. That might sound like good news, but experts say that as the cover diminishes in coming decades, we are facing a dramatic increase of warming that could be two or even three times as great as official best guesses.
2 This was the dramatic conclusion reached last week at a workshop in Dahlem, Berlin, where top atmospheric scientists got together, including Nobel prizewinner Paul Crutzen and Swedish scientist Bert Bolin, former chairman of the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
3 IPCC scientists have suspected for a decade that aerosols (浮质) of smoke and other particles from burning rainforest, crop waste and fossil fuels are blocking sunlight and counteracting the warming effect of carbon dioxide (二氧化物) emissions. Until now, they reckoned that aerosols reduced greenhouse warming by perhaps a quarter, cutting increases by 0.2℃. So the 0.6℃of warming over the past century would have been 0.8℃ without aerosols.
4 But the Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure is even higher—aerosols may have reduced global warming by as much as three-quarters, cutting increases by 1.8℃. If so, the good news is that aerosols have prevented the world getting almost two degrees warmer than it is now. But the bad news is that the climate system is much more sensitive to greenhouse gases than previously guessed.
5 As those gases are expected to continue accumulating in the atmosphere while aerosols stabilize or fall, that means "dramatic consequences for estimates of future climate change", the scientists agreed in a draft report from the workshop.
23. Paragraph 2______
24. Paragraph 3______
25. Paragraph 4______
26. Paragraph 5______
27. When the cover diminishes in **ing decades, temperature______A. will influence future
climate change
28. The conclusion reached at the Berlin workshop______
29. The Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure______
30. The increase of greenhouse gases______
第4部分：阅读理解
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。

请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

第一篇
Sleepless at Night
It was a normal summer night. Humidity (湿气) hung in the thick air.
I couldn't go to sleep, partly because of my cold and partly because of my expectations for the next day. My mum had said that tomorrow was going to be a surprise.
Sweat stuck to my aching body. Finally, I gathered enough strength to sit up. I looked out of my small window into the night. There was a big bright moon hanging in the sky, giving off a magic glow.
I couldn't stand the pressure anymore, so I did what I always do to make myself feel better. I went to the bathroom and picked up my toothbrush and toothpaste. I cleaned my teeth as if there was no tomorrow. Back and forth, up and down.
Then I walked downstairs to look for some signs of movement, some life. Gladiator, my cat, frightened me as he meowed (喵喵地唱出) his sad song. He was on the old orange couch (长沙发), sitting up on his front legs, waiting for something to happen. He looked at me as if to say, "I'm lonely, pet me. I need a good hug (紧抱)." Even the couch begged me to sit on it.
In one movement I settled down onto the soft couch. This couch represented my parents' marriage, my birth, and hundreds of other little events.
As I held Gladiator, my heart started beating heavily. My mind was flooded with questions: What's life? Am I really alive? Are you listening to me? Every time I moved my hand down Gladiator's body, I had a new thought; each touch sang a different song.
I forgot all about the heat and the next day's surprise. The atmosphere was so full of warmth and silence that I sank into its arms. Falling asleep with the big cat in my arms, I felt all my worries slowly move away.
31. The author of the passage could not go to sleep partly because
A. it was too cold.
B. it was too dry.
C. he had a cold.
D. he had a fever.
32. What was the weather like that night?
A. It was chilly.
B. It was windy.
C. It was fine.
D. It was cloudy,
33. The author brushed his teeth over and over
A. to relieve himself of the pressure.
B. to ease his toothache.
C. to shake off the cold.
D. to remove the dirt.
34. Gladiator was the name of
A. a movie.
B. a pet.
C. a couch.
D. a song.
35. What did the couch represent?
A. A new thought.
B. Different songs:
C. A comfortable life.
D. Happy memories.
第二篇
Ancient Egypt Brought Down by Famine
Even ancient Egypt's mighty pyramid (金字塔) builders were powerless in the face of the famine (饥荒) that helped bring down their civilization around 2180 BC. Now evidence collected from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shift in climate thousands of kilometers to the south was ultimately to blame—and the same or worse could happen today.
The ancient Egyptians depended on the Nile's annual floods to irrigate their crops. But any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons (季风) southwards out of Ethiopia would have reduced these floods.
Declining rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to stabilize the soil. When rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and into Egypt, along with sediment (沉积) from the White Nile.
Blue Nile mud has a different isotope (同位素) signature from that of the White Nile. So by analyzing isotope differences in mud deposited in the Nile Delta, Michael Krom of Leeds University worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the river.
Krem reasons that during periods of drought, the amount of Blue Nile mud in the river would be relatively high. He found that one of these periods, from 4500 to 4200 years ago, immediately came before the fall of the Egypt's Old Kingdom.
The weakened waters would have been disaster for the Egyptians. "Changes that affect food supply don't have to be very large to have a ripple (波浪) effect in societies," says Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory in New York.
Similar 'events today could be even more devastating, says team member Daniel Stanley, a scientist from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington DC. "Anything humans do to shift the climate belts would have an even worse effect along the Nile system today because the populations have increased dramatically."
36. Why does the author mention ,'Egypt's mighty pyramid builders"?
A. Because they once worked miracles.
B. Because they were well-built.
C. Because they were actually very weak.
D. Because even they were unable to rescue their civilization.
37. Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for bringing down the civilization of ancient Egypt?
A. Change of climate.
B. Corruption.
C. Flood.
D. Population growth.
38. Which of the following statements is true?
A. The White Nile is the trunk of the River Nile.
B. The White Nile is the trunk of the Blue Nile.
C. The White Nile is a branch of the Blue Nile.
D. The White Nile is a branch of the River Nile.
39. According to Krom, the Egypt's Old Kingdom fell
A. immediately after a period of drought.
B. immediately after a period of flood.
C. just before a drought struck.
D. just before a flood struck.
40. The word "devastating" in the last paragraph could be best replaced by
A. "frustrating".
B. "damaging".
C. "defeating".
D. "worrying".
第三篇
Technology Transfer in Germany
When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success, few nations can match Germany. Since the 1940s, the nation's vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science. And though German prosperity (繁荣) has faltered (衰退) over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline, it still has an enviable record for turning ideas into profit.
Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society, a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create soght-after technologies. But today the Fraunhofer institutes **petition. Universities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer, and technology parks are springing up all over. These efforts are **plemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies,
Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success, but it is not without its critics. These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic science, eventually starving industry of fresh ideas. If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur(企业家the argument goes, then the traditional principles of university research being curiosity-driven, free and widely available will suffer. Others claim that many of the programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years.
While this debate continues, new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany's research networks, which bear famous names such as Helmholtz, Max Planck and Leibniz. Yet it is the fourth network, the Fraunhofer Society, that plays the greatest role in technology transfer.
Founded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe's largest organisation for applied technology, and has 59 institutes employing 12,000 people, It continues to grow. Last year, it swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin. Today, there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia.
41. What factor can be attributed to German prosperity?
A. Technology transfer,
B. Good management.
C. Hard work.
D. **petition.
42. Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research?
A. It is free.
B. It is profit-driven.
C. It is widely available.
D. It is curiosity-driven.
43.
44. When was the Fraunhofer Society founded?
A. In 1940.
B. Last year.
C. After the unification.
D. In 1949.
45. The word "expertise" in line 3 could be best replaced by
A. "experts".
B. "scientists".
C. "scholars".
D. "special knowledge".
第5部分：补全短文
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

You Need Courage!
Shortly after I began a career in business, I learned that Carl Weatherup, president of PepsiCo (原事可乐公司), was speaking at the University of Colorado. I tracked down the person handling his schedule and managed to get myself an appointment. (46)
So there I was sitting outside the university's auditorium, waiting for the president of PepsiCo. I could hear him talking to the students.., and talking, and talking. (47) He was now five minutes over, which dropped my time with him down to 10 minutes. Decision time.
I wrote a note on the back of my business card, reminding him that he had a meeting. "You have
a meeting with Jeff Hoye at 2:30 p.m." I took a deep breath, Pushed open the doors of the auditorium and walked straight up the middle aisle (过道) toward him as he talked. Mr. Weatherup stopped. (48) Just before I reached the door, I heard him tell the group that he was running late. He thanked them for their attention, wished them luck and walked out to where I was now sitting, holding my breath.
He looked at the card and then at me. "Let me guess," he said. "You're Jeff." He smiled. (49) He spent the next 30 minutes offering me his time, some wonderful stories that I still use, and an invitation to visit him and his group in New York. But what he gave me that I value the most was the encouragement to continue to do as I had done. (50) When things need to happen, you either have the nerve to act or you don't.
A. I began breathing again and we grabbed (霸占) an office right there at school and closed the door.
B. As I sat listening to him, I knew that I could trust him, and that he deserved every bit of loyalty I could give to him.
C. I became alarmed: his talk wasn't ending when it should have.
D. He said that it took nerve for me to interrupt him, and that nerve was the key to success in the business world,
E. I was told, however, that he was on a tight schedule and only had 15 minutes available after his talk to the business class.
F. I handed him the card then I turned and walked out the way I came.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
第6部分：完形填空
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

Charter Schools
American public education has changed in recant years. One change is that increasing numbers of American parents and teachers are starting independent public schools (51) charter schools (特许学校).
In 1991, there were no charter schools in the United States. Today, more than 2,300 charter schools (52) in 34 states and the District of Columbia. 575,000 students (53) these schools. The students are from 5 years of age through 18 or older.
A charter school is (54) by groups of parents, teachers **munity (社区) members. It is similar in some ways (55) a traditional public school. It receives tax money to operate just as other public schools do. The (56) it receives depends on the number of students. The charter school must prove to local or state governments that its students are learning. These governments (57) the school with the agreement, or charter that permits it to operate.
Unlike a traditional public school, (58) , the charter school does not have to obey most laws governing public schools. Local, state or federal governments cannot tell it what to (59) .
Each school can choose its own goals and decide the ways it wants to (60) those goals. Class sizes usually are smaller than in many traditional public schools. Many students and parents say (61) in charter schools can be more creative.
However, state education agencies, local education-**mittees and unions often (62) charter schools. They say these schools may receive money badly (63) by traditional public schools. Experts say some charter schools are doing well while others are struggling.
Congress provided 200 million dollars for (64) charter schools in the 2002 federal budget (预算). But, often the schools say they lack enough money for their (65) . Many also lack needed space.
51.
A. called
B. asked
C. known
D. said
52.
A. study
B. conduct
C. operate
D. perform
53.
A. finish
B. attend
C. leave
D. cut
54.
A. taught
B. held
C. created
D. understood
55.
A. to
B. with
C. by
D. in
56.
A. attention
B. amount
C. expense
D. information
57.
A. buy
B. review
C. give
D. provide
58.
A. besides
B. moreover
C. thus
D. however
59.
A. teach
B. discuss
C. have
D. get
60.
A. set
B. reach
C. indicate
D. define
61.
A. farmers
B. workers
C. teachers
D. soldiers
62.
A. oppose
B. change
C. enter
D. encourage
63.
A. treated
B. needed
C. earned
D. wasted
64.
A. needing
B. spending
C. comparing
D. establishing
65.
A. programs
B. parents
C. records
D. words。