同步译林英语选修六新突破单元综合检测1 含解析

单元综合检测(一)
(建议用时：35分钟)
[语言知识再落实]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In the early 1990s，Madan Kataria，an Indian doctor who worked in Mumbai，became interested in the growing body of scientific evidence showing that laughter is extremely beneficial to human health. He made a decision that more laughter was needed to improve health and deal with the stress of modern living.
In 1995，while writing an article for a health journal，Dr.Kataria discovered many modern scientific studies describing the benefits of laughter on the human mind and body.In particular，he was impressed by Norman Cousins' book Anatomy of an Illness and the research work by Dr.Lee Berk.Then he began to field­test the effect of laughter on himself and others.
Starting with just five people，on March 13，1995，
at a public park in his neighborhood，Dr.Kataria started the
first laughter club.They laughed together in the park to the
amusement of bystanders，and the small group quickly
grew to more than 50 people within a few days. In the early
meetings，they stood in a circle with one person in the center to tell a joke or a funny story.Everybody enjoyed themselves and felt good for the rest of the day.However，after two weeks，their jokes and stories ran out.Some complained that it would be better to discontinue the club than to continue without any jokes.Dr.Kataria asked the club members to give him one day to develop a breakthrough that would solve the problem.
That night，Dr.Kataria reviewed his research and finally found the answer.Our body cannot differentiate between pretend and genuine laughter. In fact，both produced the same effect. The next morning，the results were amazing. For some，the make­believe laughter quickly turned into real laughter. Soon the group was laughing like never before.The hearty laughter that followed lasted for almost ten minutes.This was
the birth of Laughter Yoga.
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。

文章主要讲述了大笑瑜伽的起源。

1．We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Madan Kataria ．
A．used to be serious
B．was a man of action
C．found his life stressful
D．was an expert in laughing
B[推理判断题。

由第二段中的最后一句“Then he began to field-test the effect of laughter on himself and others.”可知，Madan Kataria是一位实干家，故选B项。

]
2．After a short period of time，the club members ．
A．didn't know what to talk about
B．doubted whether laughter would help
C．couldn't find any place to get together
D．showed less interest in Dr.Kataria's club
A[细节理解题。

由第三段中的“after two weeks，their jokes and stories ran out...to continue without any jokes”可知，两周后他们的笑话和故事都讲完了，不知道该谈论些什么了，故选A项。

]
3．The underlined part “a breakthrough”refers to the discovery that ．A．people may laugh a lot after taking a new type of medicine
B．genuine laughter works better than pretend laughter
C．laughing a lot is able to help us fight off illness
D．pretend laughter is also helpful to our health
D[词义猜测题。

由最后一段中的“Our body cannot...produced the same effect.”可知，Dr.Kataria的突破性发现就是假笑和真笑一样有助于人体健康，故选D项。

] 4．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Laughter clubs in India
B．Benefits of Laughter Yoga
C．The origin of Laughter Yoga
D．Laughter—the best medicine
C[标题归纳题。

由文章最后的“This was the birth of Laughter Yoga.”以及文中相关的介绍可知，本文主要讲述了大笑瑜伽的起源，故选C项。

]
B
San Francisco Fire Engine Tours
San Francisco Winery Tour
Running：February 1st through April 30th
This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF.Here you can enjoy 4 pours of some of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.(Included in ticket price)
Departing from the Cannery：Tour times upon request
Duration(时长)：2 hours
Price：$90
Back to the Fifties Tour
Running：August 16th through August 31st
This tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco's most fantastic periods，the 1950s！Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.
Departing from the Cannery：5：00 pm and 7：30 pm
Duration：2 hours
Price：$90
Spooky Halloween Tour
Running：October 10th through October 31st
Join us for a ride through the historical Presidio district.Authentic fire gear(服装)is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco.
Departing from the Cannery：6：30 pm and 8：30 pm
Duration：1 hour and 30 minutes
Price：Available upon request
Holiday Lights Tour
Running：December 6th through December 23rd
This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francisco's most cheerful holiday scenes.Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit.
Departing from the Cannery：7：00 pm and 9：00 pm
Duration：1 hour and 30 minutes
Advance reservations required.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。

文章介绍了美国旧金山的四条旅游路线。

5．Which of the tours is available in March?
A．San Francisco Winery Tour.
B．Back to the Fifties Tour.
C．Spooky Halloween Tour.
D．Holiday Lights Tour.
A[细节理解题。

根据第一个标题San Francisco Winery Tour下的“February 1st through April 30th”可知，此项活动从2月1日持续到4月30日，所以如果3月份出游，要选择San Francisco Winery Tour，故选A项。

]
6．What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tour?
A．Go to Treasure Island.
B．Enjoy the holiday scenes.
C．Have free ice cream.
D．Visit the Presidio district.
C[细节理解题。

根据第二个标题Back to the Fifties Tour下的“Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.”可知，游客在领略历史文化的同时，还有免费的冰激凌可吃，故选C项。

]
7．What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour?
A．Take some drinks.
B．Set off early in the morning.
C．Wear warm clothes.
D．Make reservations in advance.
D[细节理解题。

根据最后一个标题Holiday Lights Tour下的“Advance reservations required.”可知，想参加这条路线，游客要预订，故选D项。

]
C
Something that has always interested me about Abraham Lincoln is，not surprisingly，his sense of humor.As far as I can tell，he's the first American President to have one.
That's because the term “se nse of humor”really wasn't in common usage until the eighteen-sixties and seventies. In the eighteen-forties and fifties，it was called “the sense of the ridiculous”，and didn't have the positive connotations (隐含意义) that “sense of humor”has today.Back then，what was ridiculous was what invited ridicule (讥笑)．Funniness and cruelty went hand in hand. Of course，they still do a lot of arm­in­arm walking in our day as well.
Lincoln's humor was very different because，for one thing，it was actually “humor”as what the word meant in his time.We don't make the distinction between “wit(风趣)”and “humor” any more；but in the nineteenth century people did.Wit was unpleasant and offensive while humor was pleasant and sympathetic.It's the difference we note now when we distinguish between “laughing with”and“laughing at”．Lincoln was much more about “laughing with”than “laughing at”．And when“laughing at”，it was often himself he was teasing.
In the famous Lincoln­Douglas debates，when Douglas accused Lincoln of being two-faced，Lincoln replied，referencing his plain looking，“Honestly，if I were two­faced，would I be showing you this one？” And，in a way，Lincoln's face itself tells us much about his sense of humor.
You can comb through thousands of photographs of politicians，soldiers，and the like from Lincoln's time and not find a single smile.
True，the long exposures(曝光) required for photographs of that time made smiling difficult.Yet Lincoln alone，as far as I can tell，overcame that difficulty.
Interestingly，while having a sense of humor，or at least the appearance of one
provided by comedy writers has become a necessary characteristic for an American President in our time，in the nineteenth century，too much humor was considered a problem.And that was the case for Lincoln.A journalist covering the Lincoln-Douglas debates commented that “I could not take a real personal liking to the man，owing to an inborn weakness...that he was extremely fond of jokes，anecdotes and stories.”
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了林肯的幽默。

8．We can infer from Paragraph 2 that ．
A．the American President could influence the use of English
B．the term “sense of humor”wasn't invented until the 1860s
C．what is funny to someone might be offensive to someone else
D．the concept of humor remains the same despite the passing of time
C[段落大意题。

根据第二段可推知，对一些人来说是幽默，而对另外一些人来说可能就是冒犯。

]
9．The underlined words “this one”in Paragraph 4 refer to “”．
A．Lincoln's unattractive face
B．Lincoln's sense of humor
C．the debate they were having
D．cruelty that went with funniness
A[词义猜测题。

根据第四段画线部分所在句和后面的“And，in a way，Lincoln's face itself tells us much about his sense of humor.”可知，画线词指的是林肯那张不吸引人的脸。

故选A项。

]
10．We rarely see people from Lincoln's time wear smile in their photos because ．
A．being humorous was considered inappropriate
B．they found it quite funny to smile before the camera
C．not smiling for photographs was the fashion
D．photography technology then was not advanced
D[细节理解题。

根据第六段第一句“True，the long exposures(曝光)required
for photographs of that time made smiling difficult.”可知，是因为拍照技术不先进，故选D项。

]
11．What might the writer think of the journalist covering the Lincoln-Douglas debates?
A．His comment accurately reflected his time.
B．He created a false picture of Lincoln.
C．He was prejudiced and self­centered.
D．He was brave to point out Lincoln's weakness.
A[推理判断题。

根据最后一段首句中的“in the nineteenth century，too much humor was considered a problem”可知，那个记者的评论是对他那个时代的情况的反映。

故选A。

]
D
If you tell a woman a joke and get a blank look，don't immediately despair.She's just taking her time to understand it.But if the joke does eventually make her laugh it will be worth the wait.
Scientists have found that while women are slower than men at getting jokes，they enjoy them more.
Research shows that women use their brain more than men to process quips(妙语) and have less expectation that they will be funny.When a joke does hit the right note，however，they derive(得到) more pleasure from it.
Scientists asked ten men and ten women to look at dozens of black and white cartoons and rate them on a“funniness scale”．
During the process they underwent sophisticated (复杂) scans that mapped which parts of their brain were lighting up and timed how long it took them to respond to a joke.The women tended to use certain parts of their brain more than the men．Researcher Professor Allan Reiss said：Our findings fit the stereotype of how men and women react to humour.We found that women tend to respond more to narrative and wordplay(双关语) than slapstick(闹剧)．
Canadian research has shown that men and women use humour for
different ends.Men are more likely to use “hostile”humour to criticize each other and establish dominance，while women employ humour to maintain relationships and put each other at ease.
【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了女人没有男人听笑话反应得快，但却比男人更喜欢笑话。

12．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Women tell more jokes than men.
B．Women don't understand jokes.
C．Women enjoy jokes more than men.
D．Women are better at getting jokes.
C[细节理解题。

根据文章第二段的内容可知，女人没有男人听笑话反应得快，但却比男人更喜欢笑话。

故可得出答案为C项。

]
13．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Men like jokes more than women.
B．Women like jokes more than men.
C．It took women more time to respond to a joke than men.
D．It took men more time to respond to a joke than women.
C[句意理解题。

结合第五段画线句前面一句话中“...and timed how long it took them to respond to a joke.”可知，画线句应是关于：通过脑部扫描可以测定他们对一个笑话作出反应的时间，故排除A、B项；又根据画线句的意思可知答案为C 项。

]
14．According to the study，women respond more to ．
A．slapstick
B．funny pictures
C．narrative and wordplay
D．black and white cartoons
C[推理判断题。

由文章第六段最后一句“We found that women tend to
respond more to narrative and wordplay(双关语)than slapstick(闹剧)．”可知，与闹剧相比，女人更易对故事和双关语作出反应，故答案为C项。

]
15．What do women use humour for?
A．To criticize each other.
B．To attract women.
C．To laugh at each other.
D．To keep relationships.
D[细节理解题。

由文章末段第二句可知，女人用幽默来保持良好的关系，使对方感觉轻松自在，故答案为D项。

]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

I would love to be happier，as I'm sure most people would，so I think it will be interesting to find some ways to become a happier person.
Exercise more
Exercise has such a deep effect on our happiness 16 It can also improve your body image，even if you don't lose any weight.
Sleep more
We know that sleep helps our bodies to recover from the day and repair themselves，and that it helps us focus and be more productive. 17
Spend time with friends and family
18 Several studies have found that time spent with friends and family makes
a big difference to how happy we feel.Almost all the other things that we think make us happy are actually just ways of getting more family and friends.
Go outside
Spend time in the fresh air to improve your happiness. 19 One study found that spending 20 minutes outside in good weather not only boosted(提高)positive moods，but broadened thinking and improved working memory.
Help others
To make yourself feel happier，you should help others.Spending money on other
people makes us happier than buying stuff for ourselves. 20 A study of volunteering showed that volunteers were affected and felt unhappy when their opportunities to help others were taken away.
A．Social time is highly valuable when it comes to improving our happiness.
B．People who exercise feel better about their bodies.
C．It can help you to relax and increase your brain power.
D．Sleep affects our sensitivity to negative emotions.
E．What about spending our time with other people?
F．It turns out that sleep is also important for our happiness.
G．Going outside on a nice day delivers a huge advantage.
【语篇解读】怎样成为一个更快乐的人？本文给出了五条建议。

16．C[该段谈论了锻炼的好处，C项中句子的主语it代指exercise，意为“锻炼可以帮助你放松并增强脑力”，与下文改善身体形象一致，都是锻炼的好处。

] 17．F[该段说明了睡觉的好处，与F项中的“sleep is also important”相关联。

] 18．A[A项中的“Social time”指“社交时间”，与该段标题“花时间与朋友和家人相处”相一致。

]
19．G[G项中的“Going outside on a nice day”与本段小标题Go outside对应。

] 20．E[本段主要讲了要帮助他人，空前列举了把钱花在别人身上的人比花在自己身上的人更快乐，而E项更进一步列举了另外一种情况，即“花时间在别人身上怎么样”。

]
Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
During my second year of college，I was a part­time waitress in Chicago.I spent most of my time on 21 and as little as possible on conversation.I wasn't used to talking to unknown people except when taking 22 ．One night，a little old man came in and 23 himself in my section.I took his order and went on my way.But I 24 that he came in week after week and always sat at one of my tables.Slowly，I began having short 25 with him.His
name was Mr.Rodgers，but he 26 that I call him Don.I learned that he and his wife had gone to dinner and a movie every Saturday.Since she had died，he 27 the tradition alone.
As the weeks went on，I began to sit and 28 talk with Don.We talked about his wife，his days 29 in the war，his son who had grown up and also served as a pilot in the army.Eventually，we began to talk about my 30 —going to school，my new boyfriend and the expectation of my future.
About four months after meeting him，I received 31 from a nurse telling me that Don was in hospital.He was 32 complications(并发症)from a heart operation.I 33 drove to the hospital to see him.The first thing he did was thank me for 34 him to visit the doctor.At first I didn't know what he was 35 ．Then I remembered that about three weeks earlier，Don was 36 about chest pains and I gave him the number of a 37 I know.
A nurse asked“Are you his daughter？”and I replied，“No，I'm his 38 ．”
39 can become good friends.I recently found it 40 to talk to customers at the restaurant and I have had a lot more fun.
【语篇解读】作者通过自己做兼职服务生的经历告诉我们，和陌生人交流，既帮助别人，又快乐自己。

21．A.school B．work
C．cinema D．home
B[句意：我大部分时间都用在工作上，很少和人谈话。

所以选work。

]
22．A.orders B．notes
C．advice D．clothes
A[take orders意思是为客人端上所点的饭菜，这从上文I was a part-time waitress和下文I took his order可得到提示。

]
23．A.raised B．greeted
C．seated D．balanced
C[根据常识可知，客人进饭店用餐前应该是先在餐桌旁就座seat oneself(某
人)就座。

下文的“sat at one of my tables”中也有同义词复现。

]
24．A.realized B．wondered
C．understood D．noticed
D[句意：我注意到他每周都来，总是坐在我服务区的一张桌子旁。

所以选notice，意思是：“注意到”。

realize“意识到”；wonder“想知道”；understand“理解”。

]
25．A.examinations B．conversations
C．preparations D．competitions
B[从下文我对他情况的了解可以看出，这里表达的意思是：慢慢地我开始与他进行一些简短的谈话(conversation)。

第一段有原词复现。

examination“检查，考试”；preparation“准备”；competition“竞赛，比赛”。

]
26．A.ordered B．believed
C．refused D．insisted
D[句意：他坚持要求我称他为Don。

I call him Don一句中省略了should。

order“命令”；believe“相信”；refuse“拒绝”。

]
27．A.called off B．left out
C．carried on D．dealt with
C[由空前句子“gone to dinner and a movie every Saturday”。

他妻子去世后，他“继续”着这种习惯。

]
28．A.actually B．helplessly
C．obviously D．hopefully
A[以前的谈话都是礼节性的，很简短。

现在，“我”开始坐下来“真正地(actually)”与Don进行谈话。

]
29．A.escaping B．working
C．wandering D．flying
D[根据后面一句“his son who had grown up and also served as a pilot in the army”可知，他在部队当过飞行员。

]
30．A.ambition B．identity
C．occupation D．hobby
A[从破折号后面的内容“going to school，my new boyfriend and the expectation of my future”可知，这是我的“壮志；抱负”，而不是“身份”，“职业”或“爱好”。

]
31．A.an article B．a bill
C．an offer D．a call
D[根据下文“telling me that Don was in hospital”并结合生活常识可知，此处是指护士给我打来电话(a call)。

]
32．A.treating B．experiencing
C．studying D．observing
B[他正在“遭受(experience)”手术后并发症，其余三项不合搭配和文意。

] 33．A.immediately B．eventually
C．frequently D．deliberately
A[听到自己关心的人得了大病住院，只有“immediately”可以表达作者的急切心情。

eventually“最后，终于”；frequently“频繁地”；deliberately“故意地”。

] 34．A.forcing B．forbidding
C．urging D．inviting
C[urge sb.to do sth.“催促某人做某事”。

从下文所述的情节“Don was about chest pains and I gave him the number of a I know.”可得到提示。

] 35．A.going through B．setting aside
C．referring to D．making up
C[一开始我并不知道他所指的“for him to visit the doctor”是什
么事。

refer to“指的是；提到”。

]
36．A.arguing B．complaining
C．discussing D．thinking
B[Don因为胸部疼痛而抱怨，符合常识。

complain about“抱怨，发牢骚”。

] 37．A.doctor B．dentist
C．lawyer D．manager
A[我给他提供了我认识的一位医生(doctor)的电话号码，劝他前去就诊。

] 38．A.student B．waitress
C．niece D．secretary
B[从文章第一句“I was a part-time waitress in Chicago.”可知答案。

]
39．A.Relatives B．Colleagues
C．Neighbors D．Strangers
D[我和Don从陌生人(stranger)成为好朋友。

]
40．A.unbelievable B．possible
C．enjoyable D．reasonable
C[现在我发现和饭店里的顾客谈话是一种享受。

说明作者经历此事以后思想认识和性格都有了转变，同时也与第一段中的“I wasn't used to talking to unknown people except when taking orders.”首尾呼应。

]
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

When we exercise hard，we burn fat.But have you ever wondered where exactly the fat 41.(go)?
Some doctors think that fat is changed 42.heat and given off in the air.Others think the body burns it.According to a study that 43.(carry) out by Australian scientists earlier this year，however，the correct answer is 44.
most of the fat is breathed out as carbon dioxide and then disappears.
In 45.study，scientists followed the atoms in 10 kilograms of fat as they became lost.They found that 8.4 of those kilograms had been breathed out as
carbon dioxide through the lungs.And the other weight，1.6 kilograms，became water and then left the body.
“None of this is easy 46.(understand) because we can't see the carbon dioxide we breathe out，”said the study's lead expert.
Does that mean you can lose more weight by breathing more？Not really. The study shows that 47.(breathe) too much can make you uncomfortable. You may feel dizzy (眩晕的) and lose the 48.(able) to see，move or feel.
So how can people lose weight 49.(healthy)？The key is to eat less food and do 50.(much) exercise.
【语篇解读】我们运动时脂肪去哪儿了？答案是变成二氧化碳被呼出来了。

想要健康减肥，最佳方法是少吃多运动。

41．goes[这里讲述的是经常发生或反复发生的动作，故用一般现在时。

] 42．into[change sth. into sth.是固定短语，意为“把……变成……”。

]
43．was carried[在关系代词that引导的定语从句中，主语that(指代a study)是carry out所表示动作的承受者，故用被动语态；这里讲述的是今年早些时候的事，故用一般过去时。

]
44．that[该空所填词引导表语从句，且在从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何成分，故填that。

]
45．the[the study特指前面提到的那项研究。

]
46．to understand[“主语(表示物的名词或指代物的代词)＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构中，常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。

]
47．breathing[breathing too much是动名词短语作主语。

]
48．ability[根据该空前后的内容可知，填形容词able的名词形式ability。

] 49．healthily[空格中所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词，故填形容词healthy的副词形式healthily。

]
50．more[根据该空前面的less可知，这里填much的比较级more。

]
Ⅴ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday，I took driving lessons.I still remember how hard first day was.Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructor's orders，so once I started the car，my mind goes blank.I forgot what he had said to me altogether.The instructor kept repeating the word，“Speed up！”“Slow down！”“Turning left！”I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.A few minutes late，the instructor asked me to stop the car.It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.
【答案】
In the summer holiday following my
eighteen
eighteenth birthday，I took driving lessons.I
still remember how hard first day was.Before getting into the car，I thought I
had learned the instructor's orders，
so
but/yet once I started the car，my mind
goes
went
blank.I forgot what he had said to me altogether.The instructor kept repeating the
word
words，“Speed up！”“Slow down！”“Turning
Turn left！”I was so
much nervous
that I could hardly tell which direction was left.A few minutes late
later，the instructor
asked me to stop the car.It was a relief and I came to a suddenly
sudden stop just in the
middle on
of the road.
Ⅵ.书面表达(满分25分)
为了帮助中学生健康成长，某中学英文报开辟了“HEART-TO-HEART”专栏。

假设你是该栏目的编辑Jamie，收到一封署名为Worried的电子邮件。

邮件中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。

请用英文给该同学回一封电子邮件。

内容要点如下：
1．表示理解并给予安慰；
2．提出建议并说明理由。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2．邮件的开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：temper n．脾气，情绪
Hi Worried，
I'm sorry to know that you're having such a bad time at the moment.
Yours，
Jamie [参考范文]
Hi Worried，
I'm sorry to know that you're having such a bad time at the moment．The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong，so you don't have to worry much.The important thing is to learn to control your temper so that you may not do or say anything you'll regret.Here are three useful tips：First，talk to someone you trust about how you feel.This is a good way of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself.Second，go outdoors and play team games with your friends as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger.And third，remain optimistic about your future.Such a positive attitude towards life can be helpful in lifting your spirits.
I hope you'll soon feel calmer and carry on as normal.
Yours，Jamie。