复旦大学硕士研究生英语unit 1

Unit 1/programs/view/xXC3Y2_r66w/v_show/id_XNzU3MjI3OTI4.htmlnotion an idea, belief or understanding of sth~ (of sth)She had only a vague ~ of what might happen.She had no notion of the difficulty of the problem.~ (that…)I have to reject the notion that greed can be a good thing.make do with/without sth to manage with sth that not really good enoughI have to make do with biscuits for lunch.I have to make do without bed this evening.She made do with an air mattress for a week.secureto obtain or achieve sth, especially when this means using a lot of effort ~ sthThe team managed to secure a place in the finals.~ sth for sb/sth/yourselfHe secured a place for himself at the law school.~ sb/sth/yourself sthHe secured himself a place at the law school.I went to sleep secure in the knowledge that I was not alone in the house. establishedrespected or given official status because it has existed or been used for a long timeThey are an established company with a good reputation.This unit is now an established part of the course.control~ (of/over sb/sth)the ability to make sb/sth do what you want; power, hold, influenceThe teacher has no control over the children.She lost control of her car on the ice.exercise~ sth to use your power, rights or personal qualities to achieve sthWhen she appeared in court she exercised her right to remain silent.He was a man who exercised considerable influence over people. champion(of sth) a person, who fights for, or speaks in support of, a group of people or a beliefShe was a champion of the poor all her life.sphere1 A solid figure that is completely round, with every point on its surface at anequal distance from the center.2 An area of activity, influence or interestpronounA word that used instead of a noun and noun phraseinflectIf a word inflects, its ending and spelling changes according to its grammatical function in a sentence.If a language inflects, it has words that do this.casethe form of a word in some languages, that shows its relationship to another word.case endingThe change of the form of word to indicate grammatical features such as number, person, mood, or tense.dativeThe form of a noun, pronoun or adjective when it is the indirect object of a verb or is connected with the indirect objectIn the sentence, “I sent her a postcard’, the word ‘her’ is in the dative. pepperas a nounA powder made from dried berries called peppercorns, used to give food a hotflavoras a verb~ sb/sth with sth to hit sb/sth with a series of small objects, especially bullets;spray~ sth with sth to include a large number of sth in sthShe peppered her speech with jokes.crucifixa model of a cross with the figure of Jesus Christ on itvealmeat from a calfbaconmeat from the back or sides of pig that has been cured, usually served in thin slicescommand3 control or authority over a situation or a group of peopleHe has 1200 men under his command.He has command of 1200 men.The police arrived and took command of the situation.For the first time in years, she felt in command of her life.He looked relaxed and totally in command of himself.Who is in command here?5 ~ (of sth)your knowledge of sth; your ability to do or use sth, especially alanguageApplicants will be expected to have good command of English.at your command If you have a skill or an amount of sth at your command, you are able to use it well and completelyWith all the words at my command, I could not express how I felt. exchange1 to give sth to sb and at the same time receive the same type of thing from them~ sthto exchange ideas/news/informationJuliet and David exchanged glances.Everyone in the group exchanged email addresses.~ sth with sbI shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manger.The two men exchanged blows.The two sides exchanged fire.I heard them exchange words.2change~ sth If it does not fit, take it back and store will exchange it.~ A for BYou can exchange your currency for dollar in the hotel.drop to stop doing sth or discussing sth; to not continue with sthI dropped German for English when I went to college.In a conversation a topic can be dropped in favor of another.tyranny[U, C] the unfair use of powera victim of power or tyrannythe tyranny of timeThe children had no protection against the tyranny of their father.These days it seems we must all submit to the tyranny of the motor car.We must submit to the tyranny of computers.haunt1 If the ghost of a dead person haunts a place, people say that they have seen itthereA headless rider haunts the country lanes.The castle is said to be haunted.2 If sth unpleasant haunts you, it keeps coming to your mind so that you cannotforge itThe memory of that day still haunts me.For years she was haunted by guilt.3 continue to cause problems for sb for a long timeThat decision came back to haunt him in later life.inflict~ sth on/upon sbThey inflicted a humiliating defeat on the home team.subject~ sb to sthThey subjected the home team to a humiliating defeat.。