动词的时态和语态专题
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（be和have例 外）
进行时态
am Is 现在 Are 分词 Have 过 去 Has 分 词 Have +been+ Has 现在 分词
Was 现在 Shall Should be+现 Were 分词 be+现在 Would 在分词 Will 分 词 Had+过去 分词 Had+ been+现在 分词 Shall +have+ Will 过去 分词 Shall have+ Will been+ 现在分 词 Should +have Would 过去分词 Should have+ Would been+ 现在分词
1、When I was in the factory, I 表示过去一段时间内经常或 often worked in the workshop. 反复发生的行为，常与 2、He usually came to school by every day\often\sometimes等 bike last year. 时间状语连用，“used to+动 3、We used to get up at five 词原形”或“would+动词原 every morning when we were at
表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，常与 1、No one knows soon/tomorrow/next week/等表示将来的时间 what will happen in 状语连用 the future. 2．We shall know more and more as time goes on. 一 般 将 来 时 Shall +动词原形 1、He will be thirty Will yeas old next years. （1）（单纯）表示将来（2）不用于条件句 2、If she sees him, （3）表（必然的）将来（4）表意愿、决心 she will give him your message. 3、Look at the be going to +动词原形（1）计划、打算 clouds,-- there is 与。。。（2）（客观迹象）预示（3）条件 going to be a 从句表示将来，主句不用“be going to”但条 storm. 件句表现在时，主句可用“be going to “.但条 4、If I meet him 件句本身不限。 tomorrow, I will give him your be on the point of doing sth message. （不用 be about to +动词原形 be going to) 即将或正要去做…不与时间状语连用，但 If I have enough 可和when 从句连用。 money now, I be to +动词原形，表示①预订要做…②（表 will/I am going to 命令、禁止）应该… travel around the world. be+ doing 表示按计划安排即将发生的动 If you are going to 作，常用于go\start\set do it, you had out\leave\reach\arrive\return\come\move\take better do it well. off等位移动词。 If you will take off your clothes ,we’ll
动词的时态和语态专题
知识网络结构图
现在时 过去时 be going to 一般 be to 将来时 be about to 表示“移动”的动词用现在时和进行时来表示将来 动词常见的 八种时态 进行时 现在 完成时 完成进行时 进行时 过去 完成时 将来时 将来完成时 主动语态 动词的语态 被动语态 主动形式表被动意义 被动形式表主动意义
纲种要求掌握的只有八种：一般现在时、一般过 去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、 现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时。另外现 在完成进行时、过去完成进行时和将来完成时也 比较常用。
时态 种类 一般时态
构成公式 现在 过去 将来 Shall 动 词 +原形 Will 过去将来 Should 动词 Would 原形 除第三人 称单数要 动词的过 加-s外，其 去式 他都有动 词原形式
go、arrive、start、stop、 open、close、return等
3、We leave for Beijing next Friday.
表示过去发生的动作或存在 的状态，常与yesterday\in 1996\two years ago\last month\the day before yesterday\the other day等表 示过去的时间状语连用 一 般 过 去 时
一 般 现 在 时
表示客观规律、正确事实 或科学真理、格言以及其 他不受时间限制的客观存 在。
在由连词if、unless 、 before、 as soon as when、 once、 however 等引起的 时间（条件、让步）状语 从句，需用一般现在时， 表示将来。
表示安排或计划要做的动 1、The film starts at seven o’clock 作（有时间状语）限于 this evening. begin 、come、 leave、 2、The plane takes off at 5:00a.m.
祈使句 and + +主语+will … 短语 or
fit the new clothes on you.(if条件句 中的will表意 愿)。 5、No ones is to leave the cinema without the police’s permission. 6、We are to finish the work before five this afternoon. 7、I was about to go out when he called on me. 8、They are leaving Nanjing for Guangzhou on Sunday. 9、We are moving to a new house this year. 10、--You’ve left the light on. --Oh, so I have. I‘ll go and turn it off. 11、Leave it with me and I’ll see what I can do. 12、Work hard and you’ll succeed. 13、Work hard or you will fail. If you make another move,. 14 =Make another
动 词 的 时 态 和 语 态
一、动词的时态 时态是一种动词形式，它是“时 ”和“体”的组 合，“时 ”有现在、过去、将来、过去将来之 分；“体”有一般、进行、完成进行之别。动词的 动作可发生于四种不同的时间，表示四种不同 的“体”，每一种“时+体”就构成一种时态。所以英 语动词共有16（4×4）种时态，高中英语教学大
形”常用来表示过去经常或 反复发生的行为。
school. 4、We would ask him for advice when we had trouble with our English. The professor put one finger in his mouth, tasted it, and smiled with satisfaction.
1、The great wall came into being in 221B.C 2、She suddenly fell ill in the classroom the other day. 3、Mr. Jackson came to china a score of years ago. 4、A thief broke into his house and stole his treasure last night.
三．各种时态的用法
1、The students often do their
experiment in the laboratory. 表示现在习惯或反复发生 2、We always care for each other 的动作或存在的状态，常 and help each other. 与usually、always、 3、I am used to listening to the Seldom、sometimes、 weather report every morning. often、frequently、every 4、He sometimes stays up till day、every week、(year midnight to catch up with morning)on Sunday等时间 others. 状语连用。 5、Do you usually go to school on Sunday. 表示主语现在的特征、性 格和状态 1、She is always ready to help others. 2、China is a developing country which belongs to the third world. 3、---Do you sing? –A little. 1、All the living things on the earth depend on the sun. 2、Knowledge comes only from practice. 3、Unpleasant advice ,like bitter medicine ,has welcome effect. *Our teacher told us the earth goes round the sun. 1、I’ll call on you unless it rains the day after tomorrow. 2、Even if it rains tomorrow, the sports meet will take place. 3、We will start as soon as you are ready. 4、However much advice you give him, he will do exactly what he wants.
完成时态 完成进行 时态
二、一般体、进行体、完成体的含义
一般体指某种动作既不正在进行又不确定完成与否的一种广泛意义 上的方式。进行体指一种持续的、未完成的动作。动词的进行时还伴 有其他一些意义，如：有限度的延续性、感情色彩、同时性、描述的 生动性、强调性等。完成体则表示动作发生在某个时间以前，但动作 发生的时间总是未经明确指出的。 （1）The teacher writes his own notes. (现在习惯性动作) （2）The teacher is writing his notes now.(暂且的还在进行的动作) （3）The teacher has already written his notes. 完成的动作) （1）Xiao Wang comes late often.(现在经常性的动作) （2）Xiao Wang is always coming late.(带有不满的色彩） (1) I read a book yesterday evening.(在过去时间的动作) （2）I was reading a book yesterday evening.(过去时间未完成的持续动 作) （3）I have read the book.(现在已经读完那本书了) She is always finding fault with others.（他总是挑别人的毛病） He is constantly leaving things about .(他总是丢三落四) I am hoping you can come and have supper with us. 我正希望您能来和 我们一起吃晚饭。 She has been saying that twenty times. 这话她已经说了20遍。
Байду номын сангаас
表示过去发生的一连串动 作。
1、He said he would let us know 在时间、条件、方式让步状 if he got any news. 语从句中用一般过去时表示 2、He promised that he would 过去将来的动作。 buy some copies for us when he went there. 3、She said she would write to us soon as she arrived at Beijing.
进行时态
am Is 现在 Are 分词 Have 过 去 Has 分 词 Have +been+ Has 现在 分词
Was 现在 Shall Should be+现 Were 分词 be+现在 Would 在分词 Will 分 词 Had+过去 分词 Had+ been+现在 分词 Shall +have+ Will 过去 分词 Shall have+ Will been+ 现在分 词 Should +have Would 过去分词 Should have+ Would been+ 现在分词
1、When I was in the factory, I 表示过去一段时间内经常或 often worked in the workshop. 反复发生的行为，常与 2、He usually came to school by every day\often\sometimes等 bike last year. 时间状语连用，“used to+动 3、We used to get up at five 词原形”或“would+动词原 every morning when we were at
表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，常与 1、No one knows soon/tomorrow/next week/等表示将来的时间 what will happen in 状语连用 the future. 2．We shall know more and more as time goes on. 一 般 将 来 时 Shall +动词原形 1、He will be thirty Will yeas old next years. （1）（单纯）表示将来（2）不用于条件句 2、If she sees him, （3）表（必然的）将来（4）表意愿、决心 she will give him your message. 3、Look at the be going to +动词原形（1）计划、打算 clouds,-- there is 与。。。（2）（客观迹象）预示（3）条件 going to be a 从句表示将来，主句不用“be going to”但条 storm. 件句表现在时，主句可用“be going to “.但条 4、If I meet him 件句本身不限。 tomorrow, I will give him your be on the point of doing sth message. （不用 be about to +动词原形 be going to) 即将或正要去做…不与时间状语连用，但 If I have enough 可和when 从句连用。 money now, I be to +动词原形，表示①预订要做…②（表 will/I am going to 命令、禁止）应该… travel around the world. be+ doing 表示按计划安排即将发生的动 If you are going to 作，常用于go\start\set do it, you had out\leave\reach\arrive\return\come\move\take better do it well. off等位移动词。 If you will take off your clothes ,we’ll
动词的时态和语态专题
知识网络结构图
现在时 过去时 be going to 一般 be to 将来时 be about to 表示“移动”的动词用现在时和进行时来表示将来 动词常见的 八种时态 进行时 现在 完成时 完成进行时 进行时 过去 完成时 将来时 将来完成时 主动语态 动词的语态 被动语态 主动形式表被动意义 被动形式表主动意义
纲种要求掌握的只有八种：一般现在时、一般过 去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、 现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时。另外现 在完成进行时、过去完成进行时和将来完成时也 比较常用。
时态 种类 一般时态
构成公式 现在 过去 将来 Shall 动 词 +原形 Will 过去将来 Should 动词 Would 原形 除第三人 称单数要 动词的过 加-s外，其 去式 他都有动 词原形式
go、arrive、start、stop、 open、close、return等
3、We leave for Beijing next Friday.
表示过去发生的动作或存在 的状态，常与yesterday\in 1996\two years ago\last month\the day before yesterday\the other day等表 示过去的时间状语连用 一 般 过 去 时
一 般 现 在 时
表示客观规律、正确事实 或科学真理、格言以及其 他不受时间限制的客观存 在。
在由连词if、unless 、 before、 as soon as when、 once、 however 等引起的 时间（条件、让步）状语 从句，需用一般现在时， 表示将来。
表示安排或计划要做的动 1、The film starts at seven o’clock 作（有时间状语）限于 this evening. begin 、come、 leave、 2、The plane takes off at 5:00a.m.
祈使句 and + +主语+will … 短语 or
fit the new clothes on you.(if条件句 中的will表意 愿)。 5、No ones is to leave the cinema without the police’s permission. 6、We are to finish the work before five this afternoon. 7、I was about to go out when he called on me. 8、They are leaving Nanjing for Guangzhou on Sunday. 9、We are moving to a new house this year. 10、--You’ve left the light on. --Oh, so I have. I‘ll go and turn it off. 11、Leave it with me and I’ll see what I can do. 12、Work hard and you’ll succeed. 13、Work hard or you will fail. If you make another move,. 14 =Make another
动 词 的 时 态 和 语 态
一、动词的时态 时态是一种动词形式，它是“时 ”和“体”的组 合，“时 ”有现在、过去、将来、过去将来之 分；“体”有一般、进行、完成进行之别。动词的 动作可发生于四种不同的时间，表示四种不同 的“体”，每一种“时+体”就构成一种时态。所以英 语动词共有16（4×4）种时态，高中英语教学大
形”常用来表示过去经常或 反复发生的行为。
school. 4、We would ask him for advice when we had trouble with our English. The professor put one finger in his mouth, tasted it, and smiled with satisfaction.
1、The great wall came into being in 221B.C 2、She suddenly fell ill in the classroom the other day. 3、Mr. Jackson came to china a score of years ago. 4、A thief broke into his house and stole his treasure last night.
三．各种时态的用法
1、The students often do their
experiment in the laboratory. 表示现在习惯或反复发生 2、We always care for each other 的动作或存在的状态，常 and help each other. 与usually、always、 3、I am used to listening to the Seldom、sometimes、 weather report every morning. often、frequently、every 4、He sometimes stays up till day、every week、(year midnight to catch up with morning)on Sunday等时间 others. 状语连用。 5、Do you usually go to school on Sunday. 表示主语现在的特征、性 格和状态 1、She is always ready to help others. 2、China is a developing country which belongs to the third world. 3、---Do you sing? –A little. 1、All the living things on the earth depend on the sun. 2、Knowledge comes only from practice. 3、Unpleasant advice ,like bitter medicine ,has welcome effect. *Our teacher told us the earth goes round the sun. 1、I’ll call on you unless it rains the day after tomorrow. 2、Even if it rains tomorrow, the sports meet will take place. 3、We will start as soon as you are ready. 4、However much advice you give him, he will do exactly what he wants.
完成时态 完成进行 时态
二、一般体、进行体、完成体的含义
一般体指某种动作既不正在进行又不确定完成与否的一种广泛意义 上的方式。进行体指一种持续的、未完成的动作。动词的进行时还伴 有其他一些意义，如：有限度的延续性、感情色彩、同时性、描述的 生动性、强调性等。完成体则表示动作发生在某个时间以前，但动作 发生的时间总是未经明确指出的。 （1）The teacher writes his own notes. (现在习惯性动作) （2）The teacher is writing his notes now.(暂且的还在进行的动作) （3）The teacher has already written his notes. 完成的动作) （1）Xiao Wang comes late often.(现在经常性的动作) （2）Xiao Wang is always coming late.(带有不满的色彩） (1) I read a book yesterday evening.(在过去时间的动作) （2）I was reading a book yesterday evening.(过去时间未完成的持续动 作) （3）I have read the book.(现在已经读完那本书了) She is always finding fault with others.（他总是挑别人的毛病） He is constantly leaving things about .(他总是丢三落四) I am hoping you can come and have supper with us. 我正希望您能来和 我们一起吃晚饭。 She has been saying that twenty times. 这话她已经说了20遍。
Байду номын сангаас
表示过去发生的一连串动 作。
1、He said he would let us know 在时间、条件、方式让步状 if he got any news. 语从句中用一般过去时表示 2、He promised that he would 过去将来的动作。 buy some copies for us when he went there. 3、She said she would write to us soon as she arrived at Beijing.