寻找倒装标志巧记倒装句型
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寻找倒装句型
一 . 寻找完全倒装标志,巧记完全倒装句型
完全倒装句型是指将句子的整个谓语部分放在主语之前而构成的倒装句型。
其构成常有下列标志:
1. here, there, in, out, up, away 等介词、副词放在句首。
如:
In came the boy. 男孩进来了。
Away flew the bird. 鸟飞走了。
此时应注意主语必须为名词而不能为代词。
如:
“他冲出去了”不能说 Out rushed he ,而应译为 Out he rushed.
2. in front of, in the distance, to the east of 等地点状语放在句首。
如:
In the distance stands a high building. 远处矗立着一座高高的楼房。
To the east of the two hills lies a city. 这两座山的东边有一座城市。
二 . 寻找部分倒装标志,巧记部分倒装句型
部分倒装句型是指将助动词放在主语之前,谓语动词的其余部分在主语之后而构成的倒装句型。
其构成常有下列标志:
1. hardly, scarcely, barely, little 等否定副词出现在句首。
如:
Hardly can you understand the text. 你几乎不懂这篇课文。
2. “ not until +时间状语”出现在句首。
如:
Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. 直到河里的鱼都死了,村民们才意识到污染有多严重。
3. hardly...when..., no sooner...than... 放在句首。
如:
Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off. 我一到飞机场,飞机就起飞了。
No sooner had he gone to bed than the telephone rang. 他一上床,电话铃就响了。
4. so, neither/ nor 表示“……也”出现在句首。
如:
He has passed the exam, so have I . 他通过了考试,我也通过了。
5. only 出现在句首修饰介词、副词、时间状语从句和原因状语从句。
如:
Only in this way can you work out this problem. 只有用这种方法你才能解出这道题。
Only because he was very busy did he not go there. 只是因为很忙,他才没有去那里。
only 修饰主语时不能使用倒装句型。
如:
Only the teachers can use this room. 只有老师们才能使用这个房间。
6. not only... but also 放在句首连接两个分句时第一个分句倒装,第二个分句不倒装。
如:
Not only is the teacher himself interested in football but all his students are beginning to show an interest in it.
不但老师本人对足球感兴趣,而且他的学生们也开始显示出兴趣。
not only...but also 连接两个并列主语时不倒装。
如:
Not only he but also his parents have been to Beijing. 不仅他而且他的父母都到过北京。
7. often, many a time, never 等表示时间的频度副词放在句首。
如:
The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once have they quarreled with each other. 老两口结婚 40 多年,从没吵过一次架。
Many a time has he been to Beijing. 他多次到过北京。
三 . 寻找特殊倒装标志,巧记特殊倒装句型
有些倒装句型的构成不是将动词提前,也不是将助动词提前(或加助动词),而是将特殊内容提前,这种特殊倒装句型常有下列标志:
1. 使用 prefer to do... rather than do... 句型时,可将 rather than do... 提至句首。
如:
Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle.
他宁愿骑自行车,也不愿挤公车。
2. as 引导让步状语从句时常将句末的表语提至句首。
如:
Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John.
尽管我经常旅行,但我从来没看到像约翰这样有能力的人。
3. 在 belong to 结构中,可将“ to 介词短语”提至句首,再进行主谓倒装。
如:
To all the people here belongs success, boys and girls.
同学们,成功属于在座的每一个人。
四 . 寻找形倒实不倒标志,巧记形倒实不倒句型
有些句型形式上酷似倒装句型,实际上却不是,这种句型常有下列标志:
1. 感叹句中的 what 和 how 两词看似特殊疑问词,易误导考生将感叹句判断为特殊疑问句而采用倒装语序,实际上 what 和 how 引导的感叹句应用陈述语序。
如:
What a long way it is from Beijing to London!
从北京到伦敦是多么遥远噢!
2. 带插入语的特殊疑问句仍以特殊疑问句开头,易误导考生将此种句型判定为纯特殊疑问句而采用倒装语序,实际上插入语后面应视为宾语从句而采用陈述语序。
如:
Where do you think he has gone? 你认为他去了哪里?
3. 名词性从句中的 what, how, when, why 等连词易被考生误认为特殊疑问词而采用疑问式倒装句语序,实际上这些词为连词,引导名词性从句应用陈述语序。
如:
When he will come is unknown to me. 我不知道他什么时候来。
No one can be sure what man will look like in a million years.
没有人能确定一百万年后人类看起来什么模样。
4. whatever, however 引导让步状语从句时易被考生误认为特殊疑问句而采用倒装语序,实际上应采用陈述语序。
如:
You should try to get a good night's sleep however much work you have to do. 无论有多少工作要做,你都应尽量睡一晚好觉。