降压方穴位贴敷治疗肝阳上亢型高血压的效果

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降压方穴位贴敷治疗肝阳上亢型高血压的效果

目的評估降压方穴位贴敷治疗肝阳上亢型高血压的临床效果。方法选取我院2016年9月~2017年11月收治的120例肝阳上亢型原发性高血压患者为研究对象,并随机分为观察组(60例)和对照组(60例)。对照组给予常规高血压治疗,观察组给予常规高血压治疗联合降压方穴位贴敷治疗。比较两组治疗前后的血压控制情况、中医症候变化和尿微量清蛋白的控制情况。结果治疗后,观察组的降压有效率为100.0%,明显高于对照组(75.0%),差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。观察组的尿微量清蛋白改善有效率为73.3%,明显高于对照组(5.0%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。另外,观察组症状改善有效率为97.1%,明显高于对照组(56.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中,观察组在眩晕、口干口苦便秘、急躁易怒、失眠健忘和腰酸膝软临床症状的改善有效率分别为100.0%、87.5%、100.0%、94.7%和91.7%,明显优于对照组(86.2%、7.7%、76.9%、11.8%和2.0%),差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论降压方穴位贴敷能更有效降低肝阳上亢型高血压的血压和尿微量清蛋白水平,明显改善患者眩晕、口干口苦便秘、急躁易怒、失眠健忘和腰酸膝软的临床症状。

[Abstract]Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of acupoint sticking of antihypertensive therapy on liver-yang hyperactivity hypertension. Methods A total of 120 patients with primary hypertension of liver-yang hyperactivity were enrolled in this study from September 2016 to November 2017 at our hospital.All the patients were randomly divided into the observation group (n=60)and the control group (n=60).Patients in the control group were given standardized anti-hpertension treatment,and patients in the observation group were given anti-hypertension treatment combined with acpoint sticking thapy.on the basic treatment.The changes of blood pressure,symptoms and microalbuminuria were compared between the two groups.Results The anti-hypertension efficacy of the observation group was 100.0%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group (75.0%)(P<0.05).The improvement of microalbuminuria in the observation group was obviously better than that in the control group (73.3% vs. 5.0%)(P<0.05).In addition,the efficacy of symptom improvement in the observation group was 97.1%,which was significantly better than that of the control group (56.3%)(P<0.05).Among them,the improvement of clinical symptoms in the observation group,including dizziness,dry mouth,constipation,irritability,insomnia and forgetfulness,and sore waist and knee was 100.0%,87.5%,100.0%,94.7% and 91.7%,respectively,which were all better than those in the control group(86.2%,7.7%,76.9%,11.8% and 2.0%)(P<0.05).Conclusion The antihypertensive formula of acupoint application can reduce the blood pressure,microalbuminuria,and improve the clinical symptoms more effectively,including dizziness,dry mouth constipation,irritability,insomnia and forgetfulness,and sore and knee in patients with liver-yang hyperactivity hypertension.[Key words]Liver-yang hyperactivity;Hypertension;Acpoint sticking therapy;Antihypertensive therapy;Compound traditional Chinese medicine;Efficacy

高血压是严重危害人类身体健康的常见疾病之一,是脑卒中、心肌梗死、肾衰竭及血管性疾病的主要危险因素之一[1]。统计数据显示,我国每年有1000多万高血压新增病例。保守估计每5个成人中有1位高血压患者[2-3]。西医认为,中重度高血压需终身服药来控制和降低血压[4],但由于基因、环境和个体差异,仍有部分患者血压控制不理想[5]。近年来,中医药治疗已逐渐成为防治原发性高血压的重要手段,中医通过药物、针灸或气功等方式能降低和控制血压,有效改善高血压患者的各项生理指标[6]。然而,目前相关的临床研究较少,且多为单一中药贴敷和单一穴位的研究,敷贴用药未与穴位和辨证分型相结合。本研究在辨证分型的基础上对穴位和中药开展进一步研究,采用复方中药贴敷多个穴位治疗肝阳上亢型高血压,穴位貼敷降低高血压的临床疗效,为肝阳上亢型高血压病的中药贴敷治疗提供切实的临床证据,有利于建立和规范高血压穴位贴敷治疗方案。

1资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

共纳入2016年9月~2017年11月在我院治疗原发性高血压(肝阳上亢型)患者120例,并随机分为对照组(60例)和观察组(60例)。对照组男30例,女30例;中位年龄62.47岁(36~86岁);平均身高(175.62±4.84)cm;基础血压值:收缩压111~200 mmHg,舒张压68~123 mmHg;平均病程(6.49±1.31)年。观察组男22例,女38例;中位年龄60.03岁(48~77岁);平均身高(176.96±3.52)cm;基础血压值:收缩压130~181 mmHg,舒张压70~108 mmHg;平均病程(7.23±0.71)年。两组的一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。本研究经我院医学伦理委员会同意,患者均知情同意。

1.2纳入标准与排除标准

纳入标准:符合《中国高血压防治指南2010》西医原发性高血压诊断标准参照[7];符合中医诊断标准,具体参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则(试行)》[8];辩证属肝阳上亢型。排除标准:仅有头晕、乏力、肢体麻木等临床表现;继发性高血压患者;合并严重的心脑血管疾病者;合并严重肝肾功能不全患者;合并严重的造血系统疾病者;智力异常或神志不清,而无法配合治疗者;对本药物过敏者。

1.3治疗方法

对照组给予常规高血压治疗。根据患者血压高低和对药物的敏感程度,选择合适的降压药或降压药配伍。用药期间定时监测血压(3~4次/24 h),并根据血压调控情况增减药物的治疗剂量。观察组给予常规高血压治疗联合降压方穴位贴敷治疗。选取涌泉、三阴交、曲池、足三里、神阙穴位,降压方(川牛膝30 g,川芎30 g,天麻10 g,钩藤10 g,夏枯草10 g,吴茱萸10 g,童蒺藜10 g,白蒺藜10 g)外贴,贴敷前,把选取穴位皮肤用温水清洁干净。共6贴,1次/d,每次12 h,14 d为1个疗程。

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