中国国家机关名称
中国国家机关英文名称一览
中国国家机关英文名称一览全国人民代表大会1.全国人民代表大会[National People"s Congress (NPC)]主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing Committee办公厅General Office秘书处Secretariat代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee法律委员会Law Committee财政经济委员会Finance and Economy Committee外事委员会Foreign Affairs Committee教育、科学、文化和卫生委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee 内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee法制工作委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs特定问题调查委员会Commission of Inquiry into Specific Questions宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution2.中华人民共和国主席[President of the People"s Republic of China]3. 中央军事委员会[Central Military Commission]4. 最高人民法院[Supreme People"s Court]5. 最高人民检察院[Supreme People"s Procuratorate]国务院部委6. 国务院[State Council](1)国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Defence国家发展和改革委员会National Development and Reform Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology国防科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National De-fence国家民族事物委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部Ministry of Public Security国家安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources建设部Ministry of Construction铁道部Ministry of Railways交通部Ministry of Communications信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation 文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行People"s Bank of China国家审计署State Auditing Administration国务院办事机构(2)国务院办事机构Offices under the State Council国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council侨务办公室Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs港澳台办公室Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office台湾事物办公室Taiwan Affairs Office法制办公室Office of Legislative Affairs经济体制改革办公室Office for Economic Restructuring国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council新闻办公室Information Office国务院直属机构(3)国务院直属机构Departments Directly under the State Council海关总署General Administration of Customs国家税务总局State Taxation Administration国家环境保护总局State Environmental Protection Administration中国民用航空总局Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)国家广播电影电视总局State Administration of Radio, Film and Television 国家体育总局State Sport General Administration国家统计局State Statistics Bureau国家工商行政管理局State Administration of Industry and Commerce新闻出版署Press and Publication Administration国家版权局State Copyright Bureau国家林业局State Forestry Bureau国家质量技术监督局State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision国家药品监督管理局State Drug Administration (SDA)国家知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO)国家旅游局National Tourism Administration国家宗教事物局State Bureau of Religious Affairs外贸单据英语discount 贴现draft 汇票Promisory Note 本票cheque 支票clean bill 光票documentary bill 跟单汇票Sight Bill 即期汇票Time Bill 远期汇票Usance Bill 远期汇票Commercial Bill 商业汇票Banker's Bill 商业汇票Banker's Bill 银行汇票Commercial Acceptance Bill 商业承兑汇票Bankers' Acceptance Bill 银行承兑汇票invoice 发票Performer Invoice 形式发票Sample Invoice 样品发票Consignment Invoice 寄售发票Recipe Invoice 收妥发票Certified Invoice 证明发票Manufacturers' Invoice 厂商发票At sight 即期，见票即付At...days (month)after sight 付款人见票后若干天（月）付款At...days sight 付款人见票后若干天即付款At...days after date 出票后若干天付款At...days after B/L 提单签发后若干天付款remittance 汇付Mail transfer (M/T) 信汇Demand Draft (D/D) 票汇Telegraphic Transfer (T/T) 电汇collection 托收clean Bill for Collection 光票托收Documentary Bill for Collection 跟单托收Uniform Rules for Collection 《托收统一规则》Collection Advice 托收委托书Advice of Clean Bill for Collection 光票托收委托书Collection Bill Purchased 托收出口押汇Trust Receipt 信托收据copy 副本original 正本Letter of Credit (L/C) 信用证form of credit 信用证形式Terms of validity 信用证效期Expiry Date 效期Date of issue 开证日期L/C amount 信用证金额L/C number 信用证号码to open by airmail 信开to open by cable 电开to open by brief cable 简电开证to amend L/C 修改信用证fixed L/C or fixed amount L/C 有固定金额的信用证Sight L/C 即期信用证Usance L/C 远期信用证Buyer's Usance L/C 买方远期信用证Traveler's L/C 旅行信用证Revocable L/C 可撤消的信用证Irrevocable L/C 不可撤消的信用证Confirmed L/C 保兑的信用证Unconfirmed L/C 不保兑的信用证Confirmed Irrevocable L/C 保兑的不可撤消信用证Irrevocable Unconfirmed L/C 不可撤消不保兑的信用证Transferable L/C 可转让信用证Untransferable L/C 不可转让信用证Revolving L/C 循环信用证Reciprocal L/C 对开信用证Back to Back L/C 背对背信用证Countervailing credit （俗称）子证Overriding credit 母证Banker's Acceptance L/C 银行承兑信用证Trade Acceptance L/C 商业承兑信用证Red Clause L/C 红条款信用证Anticipatory L/C 预支信用证Credit payable by a trader 商业付款信用证Credit payable by a bank 银行付款信用证usance credit payment at sight 假远期信用证Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits 跟单信用证统一惯例I.C.C. Publication No.400 第400号出版物Credit with T/T Reimbursement Clause 带有电报索汇条款的信用证method of reimbursement 索汇方法without recourse 不受追索Opening Bank' Name & Signature 开证行名称及签字beneficiary 受益人guarantor 保证人Exporter's Bank 出口方银行Importer's Bank 进口方银行Seller's Bank 卖方银行Buyer's Bank 买方银行Paying Bank 付款行，汇入行Remitting Bank 汇出行Opening Bank 开证行Issuing Bank 开证行Advising Bank 通知行Notifying Bank 通知行Negotiating Bank 议付行Drawee Bank 付款行Confirming Bank 保兑行Presenting Bank 提示行Transmitting Bank 转递行Accepting Bank 承兑行Additional Words and Phrases pay bearer 付给某人bearer 来人payer 付款人consignee 受托人consignor 委托人drawer 出票人principal 委托人drawee 付款人consingnee 受托人truster 信托人acceptor 承兑人trustee 被信托人endorser 背书人discount 贴现endorsee 被背书人endorse 背书holder 持票人endorsement 背书bailee 受托人，代保管人payment against documents 凭单付款payment against documents through collection 凭单托收付款payment by acceptance 承兑付款payment by bill 凭汇票付款Letter of Guarantee (L/G) 保证书Bank Guarantee 银行保函Contract Guarantee 合约保函Payment Guarantee 付款保证书Repayment Guarantee 还款保证书Import Guarantee 进口保证书Tender/Bid Guarantee 投标保证书Performance Guarantee 履约保证书Retention Money Guarantee 保留金保证书Documents of title to the goods 物权凭证Authority to Purchase (A/P) 委托购买证Letter of Indication 印鉴核对卡Letter of Hypothecation 质押书General Letter of Hypothecation 总质押书。
国务院机构名称和头衔
CATTI考生必会的国务院各机构名称和头衔PART1 部Ministry值得注意的是，只有国务院组成部门中的机构才能称之为部(ministry)，属于正部级，是在特定的某一方面履行行政管理职能。
教育部（Ministry of Education）自然资源部(Ministry of Natural Resources)生态环境部(Ministry of Ecological Environment)农业农村部(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)文化和旅游部(Ministry of Culture and Tourism)退役军人事务部(Ministry of Veterans Affairs)应急管理部(Ministry of Emergency Management)公安部(Ministry of Public Security)人力资源和社会保障部(Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security)PART2 委Commission部之外，同属于正部级的还有委员会(commission)。
相对于部来说，委员会(commission) 有一定的综合性，通常处理的事务比较多。
国家卫生健康委员会(National Health Commission)中国银行业监督管理委员会（China Banking Regulatory Commission）中国证券监督管理委员会（China Securities Regulatory Commission）中国保险监督管理委员会（China Insurance Regulatory Commission）国家发展改革委(National Development and Reform Commission)国家民族事务委员会(State Ethnic Affairs Commission)PART3 局Administration在国务院的直属机构中，局(Administration) 这个称呼经常出现：除海关总署和国务院参事室外，国务院其它直属机构的名称均为“国家XX(总)局”。
20_中国国家机关名称解读
国家科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense 国家民族事务委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission 公安部 Ministry of Public Security 国家安全部 Ministry of State Security 监察部 Ministry of Supervision 民政部 Ministry of Civil Affairs 司法部 Ministry of Justice 财政部 Ministry of Finance 人事部 Ministry of Personnel 劳动和社会保障部 Ministry of Labor and Social Security 国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources 建设部Ministry of Construction 铁路部 Ministry of Railways 交通部 Ministry of Communications 信息产业部 Ministry of Information Industry 水利部Ministry of Water Resources
China • 中央军事委员会Central Military Commission • 最高人民法院Supreme People’s Court • 最高人民检察院Supreme People’s Procuratorate • 国务院State Council （1）国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the
• 法制委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs • 特定问题委员会Committee of Inquiry into Special Questions • 宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution • 中华人民共和国主席President of the People’s Republic of
国家机关名称
国家机关名称China's State Organs1. 全国人民代表大会[National People's Congress （NPC）]主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing Committee办公厅General Office秘书处Secretariat代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee法律委员会Law Committee财政经济委员会Finance and Economy Committee外事委员会Foreign Affairs Committee教育、科学、文化和卫生委员会Education，Science，Culture and Public Health Committee内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee法制工作委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs特定问题调查委员会Commission of Inquiry into Specific Questions宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution2.中华人民共和国主席[President of the People's Republic of China]3. 中央军事委员会[Central Military Commission]4. 最高人民法院[Supreme People's Court]5. 最高人民检察院[Supreme People's Procuratorate]6. 国务院[State Council]（1）国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Defence国家发展计划委员会State Development Planning Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology国防科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science，Technology and Industry for NationalDe-fence国家民族事物委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部Ministry of Public Security国家安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources建设部Ministry of Construction铁道部Ministry of Railways交通部Ministry of Communications信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行People's Bank of China国家审计署State Auditing Administration（2）国务院办事机构Offices under the State Council国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council侨务办公室Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs港澳台办公室Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office台湾事物办公室Taiwan Affairs Office法制办公室Office of Legislative Affairs经济体制改革办公室Office for Economic Restructuring国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council新闻办公室Information Office（3）国务院直属机构Departments Directly under the State Council 海关总署General Administration of Customs国家税务总局State Taxation Administration国家环境保护总局State Environmental Protection Administration 中国民用航空总局Civil Aviation Administration of China （CAAC）国家广播电影电视总局State Administration of Radio，Film and Television国家体育总局State Sport General Administration国家统计局State Statistics Bureau国家工商行政管理局State Administration of Industry and Commerce新闻出版署Press and Publication Administration国家版权局State Copyright Bureau国家林业局State Forestry Bureau国家质量技术监督局State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision国家药品监督管理局State Drug Administration （SDA）国家知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office （SIPO）国家旅游局National Tourism Administration国家宗教事物局State Bureau of Religious Affairs国务院参事办Counsellors' Office of the State Council国务院机关事物管理局Government Offices Administration of the State Council（4）国务院直属事业单位Institutions Directly under the State Council新华通讯社Xinhua News Agency中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering国务院发展研究中心Development Research Centre of the State Council国家行政学院National School of Administration中国地震局China Seismological Bureau中国气象局China Meteorological Bureau中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory Commission （CSRC）（5）部委管理的国家局State Bureaux Administrated by Ministries or Commissions国家粮食储备局（国家发展计划委员会）State Bureau of Grain Reserve （under the StateDevelopment Planning Commission）国家国内贸易局State Bureau of Internal Trade国家煤炭工业局State Bureau of Coal Industry国家机械工业局State Bureau of Machine-Building Industry国家冶金工业局State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry国家石油和化学工业局State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industries国家轻工业局State Bureau of Light Industry国家纺织工业局State Bureau of Textile Industry国家建筑材料工业局State Bureau of Building Materials Industry 国家烟草专卖局State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau国家有色金属工业局State Bureau of Nonferrous Metal Industry[以上由国家经贸委管理][all under the State Economic and Trade Commission]国家外国专家局（人事部）State Bureau of Foreign Experts Affairs （under the Ministryof Personnel）国家海洋局（国土资源部）State Oceanic Administration （under the Ministry of Land andResources）国家测绘局（国土资源部）State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping （under the Ministry ofLand and Resources）国家邮政局（信息产业部）State Post Bureau （under the Ministry of Information Industry）国家文物局（文化部）State Cultural Relics Bureau （under the Ministry of Culture）国家中医药管理局（卫生部）State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine（under the Ministry of Public Health）国家外汇管理局（中国人民银行总行）State Administration of Foreign Exchange （underthe People's Bank of China）国家出入境检验检疫局（海关总署）State Administration for Entry-Exit Inspection andQuarantine （under the General Administration of Customs）。
中国国家机关名称
中国国家机关名称中国各级党政机关干部名称英译名中国一些流行词语的英文表达与学校相关词汇中国国家机关名称全国人民代表大会National People’s Congress (NPC)主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing Committee办公厅General Office秘书处Secretariat代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee法律委员会Law Committee财务经济委员会Finance Affairs Committee外事委员会Foreign and Economy Committee教育，科学，文化委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee法制委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs特定问题委员会Committee of Inquiry into Special Questions宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution中华人民共和国主席President of the People’s Republic of China中央军事委员会Central Military Commission最高人民法院Supreme People’s Court最高人民检察院Supreme People’s Procuratorate国务院State Council（1）国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Defence国家发展计划委员State Development Planning Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology中国各级党政机关干部名称英译名中共中央总书记General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee政治局常委Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee 政治局委员Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee书记处书记Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee中央委员Member, Central Committee候补委员Alternate Member省委/市委书记Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC党组书记secretary, Party Leadership Group中华人民共和国主席/副主席President/Vice President, the People's Republic of China 全国人大委员长/副委员长Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People's Congress秘书长Secretary-General主任委员Chairman委员Member中国一些流行词语的英文表达1. 素质教育：Quality Education2. EQ：分两种，一种为教育商数Educational quotient，另一种情感商数Emotional quotient3. 保险业：the insurance industry4. 保证重点指出：ensure funding for priority areas5. 补发拖欠的养老金：clear up pension payments in arrears6. 不良贷款：non-per FORMing loan7. 层层转包和违法分包：mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting8. 城乡信用社：credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas9. 城镇居民最低生活保障：a minimum standard of living for city residents10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度：the system of medical insurance for urban workers与学校相关词汇instruction, education 教育culture 文化primary education 初等教育secondary education 中等教育higher education 高等教育the three R's 读、写、算school year 学年term, trimester 学季semester 学期school day 教学日school holidays 假期curriculum 课程subject 学科discipline 纪律timetable 课程表class, lesson 课homework 家庭作业exercise 练习dictation 听写spelling mistake 拼写错误(short) course 短训班seminar 研讨班playtime, break 课间,休息to play truant, to play hooky 逃学,旷课course (of study) 学业student body 学生(总称)classmate, schoolmate 同学pupil 小学生student 大学生schoolboy 男生schoolgirl 女生auditor 旁听生swot, grind 用功的学生old boy 老生grant, scholarship, fellowship 奖学金holder of a grant, scholar, fellow 奖学金获得者school uniform 校服teaching staff 教育工作者(总称)teachers 教师(总称)primary school teacher 小学老师teacher lecturer 大学老师professor 教授schooling 教授,授课assistant 助教headmaster 校长(女性为:headmistress)deputy headmaster, deputy head 副校长rector 校长dean 教务长laboratory assistant, lab assistant 实验员beadle, porter 门房,学校工友games master, gym teacher, gym instructor 体育教师private tutor 私人教师,家庭教师pedagogue 文学教师(蔑称)of school age 教龄beginning of term 开学matriculation 注册to enroll, to enroll 予以注册to take lessons (学生)上课to teach (老师)上课to study 学习to learn by heart 记住,掌握to revise, to go over 复习competitive examination 答辩考试test 考试to test 考试to take an examination, to sit an examination, to do an examination 参加考试convocation notice 考试通知examiner 考试者board of examiners 考试团examination oral, written examination 口试,笔试question 问题question paper 试卷crib 夹带(美作:trot)to pass an examination (或exam), 通过考试pass, passing grade 升级prizegiving 分配奖品to fall an examination 未通过考试failure 未考好to repeat a year 留级degree 学位graduate 毕业生to graduate 毕业project, thesis 毕业论文General Certificate of Education 中学毕业证书(美作:high school diploma)holder of the General Certificate of Education 中学毕业生(美作:holder of a high school diploma)doctorate 博士学位doctor 博士BACK。
中国国家机关名称
•主席团Presidium•常务委员会Standing Committee•办公厅General Office•秘书处Secretariat•公安部Ministry of Public Security•国家安全部Ministry of State Security•监察部Ministry of Supervision•民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs•司法部Ministry of Justice•财政部Ministry of Finance•人事部Ministry of Personnel、•国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources•建设部Ministry of Construction•铁路部Ministry of Railways•交通部Ministry of Communications•信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry •水利部Ministry of Water Resources•外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs•国防部Ministry of National Defence•教育部Ministry of Education•农业部Ministry of Agriculture•民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee•法律委员会Law Committee•财务经济委员会Finance Affairs Committee •外事委员会Foreign and Economy Committee •国家税务总局State Taxation Administration •文化部Ministry of Culture•卫生部Ministry of Public Health•国家统计局State Statistics Bureau•国家版权局State Copyright Bureau•国家林业局State Forestry Bureau•中央军事委员会Central Military Commission •最高人民法院Supreme People’s Cour。
中国国家机关英文名称一览
中国国家机关英文名称一览全国人民代表大会1.全国人民代表大会[National People's Congress (NPC)]主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing Committee办公厅General Office秘书处Secretariat代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee法律委员会Law Committee财政经济委员会Finance and Economy Committee外事委员会Foreign Affairs Committee教育、科学、文化和卫生委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee 内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee法制工作委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs特定问题调查委员会Commission of Inquiry into Specific Questions宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution2.中华人民共和国主席[President of the People's Republic of China]3. 中央军事委员会[Central Military Commission]4. 最高人民法院[Supreme People's Court]5. 最高人民检察院[Supreme People's Procuratorate]国务院部委6. 国务院[State Council](1)国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Defence国家发展和改革委员会National Development and Reform Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology国防科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National De-fence国家民族事物委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部Ministry of Public Security国家安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources建设部Ministry of Construction铁道部Ministry of Railways交通部Ministry of Communications信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation 文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行People's Bank of China国家审计署State Auditing Administration国务院办事机构(2)国务院办事机构Offices under the State Council国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council侨务办公室Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs港澳台办公室Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office台湾事物办公室Taiwan Affairs Office法制办公室Office of Legislative Affairs经济体制改革办公室Office for Economic Restructuring国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council新闻办公室Information Office国务院直属机构(3)国务院直属机构Departments Directly under the State Council海关总署General Administration of Customs国家税务总局State Taxation Administration国家环境保护总局State Environmental Protection Administration中国民用航空总局Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)国家广播电影电视总局State Administration of Radio, Film and Television国家体育总局State Sport General Administration国家统计局State Statistics Bureau国家工商行政管理局State Administration of Industry and Commerce新闻出版署Press and Publication Administration国家版权局State Copyright Bureau国家林业局State Forestry Bureau国家质量技术监督局State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision国家药品监督管理局State Drug Administration (SDA)国家知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO)国家旅游局National Tourism Administration国家宗教事物局State Bureau of Religious Affairs国务院参事办Counsellors' Office of the State Council国务院机关事物管理局Government Offices Administration of the State Council 国务院直属机构事业单位(4)国务院直属事业单位Institutions Directly under the State Council新华通讯社Xinhua News Agency中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering国务院发展研究中心Development Research Centre of the State Council国家行政学院National School of Administration中国地震局China Seismological Bureau中国气象局China Meteorological Bureau中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC)部委管理的国家局(5)部委管理的国家局State Bureaux Administrated by Ministries or Commissions国家粮食储备局（国家发展计划委员会）State Bureau of Grain Reserve (under the State Development Planning Commission)国家国内贸易局State Bureau of Internal Trade国家煤炭工业局State Bureau of Coal Industry国家机械工业局State Bureau of Machine-Building Industry国家冶金工业局State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry国家石油和化学工业局State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industries国家轻工业局State Bureau of Light Industry国家纺织工业局State Bureau of Textile Industry国家建筑材料工业局State Bureau of Building Materials Industry国家烟草专卖局State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau国家有色金属工业局State Bureau of Nonferrous Metal Industry[以上由国家经贸委管理][all under the State Economic and Trade Commission]国家外国专家局（人事部）State Bureau of Foreign Experts Affairs (under the Ministry of Personnel)国家海洋局（国土资源部）State Oceanic Administration (under the Ministry of Land and resources)国家测绘局（国土资源部）State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping (under the Ministry of Land and Resources)国家邮政局（信息产业部）State Post Bureau (under the Ministry of Information Industry)国家文物局（文化部）State Cultural Relics Bureau (under the Ministry of Culture)国家中医药管理局（卫生部）State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(under the Ministry of Public Health)国家外汇管理局（中国人民银行总行）State Administration of Foreign Exchange (under the People's Bank of China)国家出入境检验检疫局（海关总署）State Administration for Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine (under the General Administration of Customs)。
中国国家机关英文名称一览
中国国家机关英文名称一览全国人民代表大会1.全国人民代表大会[National People‘s Congress (NPC)]主席团 Presidium常务委员会 Standing Committee办公厅General Office秘书处Secretariat代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee法律委员会Law Committee财政经济委员会Finance and Economy Committee外事委员会Foreign Affairs Committee教育、科学、文化和卫生委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs 华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee法制工作委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs特定问题调查委员会Commission of Inquiry into Specific Questions宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution2.中华人民共和国主席 [President of the People"s Republic of China]3. 中央军事委员会 [Central Military Commission]4. 最高人民法院 [Supreme People"s Court]5. 最高人民检察院 [Supreme People"s Procuratorate]国务院部委6. 国务院 [State Council](1)国务院部委 Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Defence国家发展和改革委员会National Development and Reform Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission 教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology国防科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National De-fence国家民族事物委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部Ministry of Public Security国家安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security 国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources建设部Ministry of Construction铁道部Ministry of Railways交通部Ministry of Communications信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行People"s Bank of China国家审计署State Auditing Administration国务院办事机构(2)国务院办事机构 Offices under the State Council国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council侨务办公室Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs港澳台办公室Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office台湾事物办公室Taiwan Affairs Office法制办公室Office of Legislative Affairs经济体制改革办公室Office for Economic Restructuring国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council新闻办公室Information Office国务院直属机构(3)国务院直属机构Departments Directly under the State Council海关总署General Administration of Customs国家税务总局State Taxation Administration国家环境保护总局State Environmental Protection Administration中国民用航空总局Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)国家广播电影电视总局State Administration of Radio, Film and Television国家体育总局State Sport General Administration国家统计局State Statistics Bureau国家工商行政管理局State Administration of Industry and Commerce新闻出版署Press and Publication Administration国家版权局State Copyright Bureau国家林业局State Forestry Bureau国家质量技术监督局State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision国家药品监督管理局State Drug Administration (SDA)国家知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO) 国家旅游局National Tourism Administration国家宗教事物局State Bureau of Religious Affairs国务院参事办Counsellors" Office of the State Council国务院机关事物管理局Government Offices Administration of the State Council国务院直属机构事业单位(4)国务院直属事业单位 Institutions Directly under the State Council新华通讯社Xinhua News Agency中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering国务院发展研究中心Development Research Centre of the State Council国家行政学院National School of Administration中国地震局China Seismological Bureau中国气象局China Meteorological Bureau中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC)部委管理的国家局(5)部委管理的国家局State Bureaux Administrated by Ministries or Commissions国家粮食储备局（国家发展计划委员会）State Bureau of Grain Reserve (under the State Development Planning Commission) 国家国内贸易局State Bureau of Internal Trade国家煤炭工业局State Bureau of Coal Industry国家机械工业局State Bureau of Machine-Building Industry 国家冶金工业局State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry国家石油和化学工业局State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industries国家轻工业局State Bureau of Light Industry国家纺织工业局State Bureau of Textile Industry国家建筑材料工业局State Bureau of Building Materials Industry国家烟草专卖局State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau国家有色金属工业局State Bureau of Nonferrous Metal Industry[以上由国家经贸委管理][all under the State Economic and Trade Commission]国家外国专家局（人事部）State Bureau of Foreign Experts Affairs (under the Ministry of Personnel)国家海洋局（国土资源部）State Oceanic Administration (under the Ministry of Land and resources)国家测绘局（国土资源部）State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping (under the Ministry of Land and Resources) 国家邮政局（信息产业部）State Post Bureau (under the Ministry of Information Industry)国家文物局（文化部）State Cultural Relics Bureau (under the Ministry of Culture)国家中医药管理局（卫生部）State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (under the Ministry of Public Health)国家外汇管理局（中国人民银行总行）State Administration of Foreign Exchange (under the People"s Bank of China) 国家出入境检验检疫局（海关总署）State Administration for Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine (under the General Administration of Customs)。
中国国家机关名称(中英对照)
中国国家机关China’s State Organs全国人民代表大会--National People’s Congress (NPC)主席团---Presidium常务委员会---Standing Committee--办公厅-General Office--秘书处-Secretariat--代表资格审查委员会--Credentials Committee--提案审查委员会--Motions Examination Committee--民族委员会--Ethnic Affairs Committee--法律委员会--Law Committee--财务经济委员会--Finance Affairs Committee--外事委员会--Foreign and Economy Committee--教育，科学，文化委员会---Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee --内务司法委员会--Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs--华侨委员会--Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee--法制委员会--Commission of Legislative Affairs--特定问题委员会--Committee of Inquiry into Special Questions--宪法修改委员会--Committee for Revision of the Constitution中华人民共和国主席--President of the People’s Republic of China中央军事委员会--Central Military Commission最高人民法院--Supreme People’s Court最高人民检察院--Supreme People’s Procuratorate国务院---State Council(1)国务院部委--Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council--外交部-Ministry of Foreign Affairs--国防部-Ministry of National Defence--国家发展计划委员--State Development Planning Commission--国家经济贸易委员会--State Economic and Trade Commission--教育部-Ministry of Education--科学技术部-Ministry of Science and Technology--国家科学技术工业委员会--Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defence--国家民族事务委员会--State Ethnic Affairs Commission--公安部Ministry of Public Security--国家安全部Ministry of State Security--监察部Ministry of Supervision--民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs--司法部Ministry of Justice--财政部Ministry of Finance--人事部Ministry of Personnel--劳动和社会保障部--- Ministry of Labour and Social Security--国土资源部-Ministry of Land and Resources--建设部-Ministry of Construction--铁路部Ministry of Railways--交通部Ministry of Communications--信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry--水利部-Ministry of Water Resources--农业部-Ministry of Agriculture--对外贸易经济合作部--Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation--文化部-Ministry of Culture--卫生部-Ministry of Public Health--国家计划生育委员会--State Family Planning Commission--中国人民银行People’s Bank of China--国家审计署--State Auditing Administration(2)国务院办事机构-Offices under that State Council--国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council--侨务办公厅--Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs--港澳办公厅--Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office--台湾办公厅--Taiwan Affairs Office--法制办公厅--Office of Legislative Affairs--经济体制办公厅--Office for Economic Restructuring--国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council--新闻办公室--Information Office(3)国务院直属机构--Departments Directly under the State Council--海关总署-General Administration of Customs--国家税务总局-State Taxation Administration--国家环境保护总局-State Environmental Protection Administration--中国民用航空总局-Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)--国家广播电影电视总局-State Administration of Radio, Film and Television --国家体育总局State Physical Cultural Administration--国家统计局--State Statistics Bureau--国家工商行政管理局---State Administration of Industry and Commerce--新闻出版署---Press and Publication Administration--国家版权局---State Copyright Bureau--国家林业局---State Forestry Bureau--国家质量技术监督局---State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision --国家药品监督管理局---State Drug Administration (SDA)--国家知识产权局---State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO)--国家旅游局---National Tourism Administration--国家宗教事务局---State Bureau of Religious Affairs--国务院参事室-Counsellors’ Office of the State Council--国务院机关事务管理局--Government Offices Administration of the State Council(4)国务院直属事业单位---Institutions Directly under the State Council--新华通讯社Xinhua News Agency--中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences--中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences--中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering--国务院发展研究中心-Development Research Centre of the State Council--国家行政学院---National School of Administration--中国地震局-China Seismological Bureau--中国气象局-China Meteorological Bureau--中国证券监督管理委员会--China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRS) (5)部委管理的国家局---State Bureaux Administration by Ministration or Commission) --国家粮食储备局(国家发展计划委员会)State Bureau of Grain Reserve (Under the State Development Planning Commission)--国家国内贸易局- State Bureau of Internal Trade--国家煤炭工业局- State Bureau of Coal Industry--国家机械工业局--State Bureau of Machine Building Industry--国家冶金工业局--State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry--国家石油和化学工业局-State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industry--国家轻工业局State Bureau of Light Industry--国家纺织工业局--State Bureau of Textile Industry--国家建筑材料工业局--State Bureau of Building Materials Industry--国家烟草专卖局--State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau--国家有色金属工业局--State Bureau of Nonferrous Metal Industry(以上由国家经贸委管理above are all under the State Economic and Trade Commission)--国家外国专家局(人事部)-- State Bureau of Foreign Experts Affairs (under the Ministry of Personnel)--国家海洋局(国土资源部) --State Bureau of Oceanic Administration (under the Ministry of Land and Resources)--国家测绘局(国土资源部) --State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping (ditto)--国家邮政局(信息产业部) --State Post Bureau (under the Ministry of Information Industry)--国家文物局(文化部) --State Cultural Relics Bureau (under the Ministry of Culture) --国家中医药管理局(卫生部) -State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (under the Ministry of Public Health)--国家外汇管理局(中国人民银行总行)--- State Administration of Foreign ExchangeBank of China)(under the People’s--国家出入境检验检疫局(海关总署) --State Administration for Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine (under the General Administration of Customs)精粉flavor powder物流physical distribution中国驰名商标China Branding Business国家免检产品National Products Exemption From Quality Surveillance Inspection 中华留学人员创业协会All Overseas Chinese Chamber of Commerce (AOCCC)全国工商联National association of industry and commerce中国驰名商标China Branding Business平行沟通horizontal communication上行沟通upward communication下行沟通downward communication龙头企业leading enterprise物业管理部realty management复命report on completion of mission权力归属power scope招聘信息recruitment information零售业retailing、retail business招商信息Projects Investment Information接口interface招商invite businessmen to open companies企业文化corporate culture职能部门functional department监察部supervision committee生产现场field of production销售量sales volume主导产品leading product业务人员business personnel生产管理production control库存管理stock control报价询价quoted price and inquiry分销售管理distribution技术比武technological competition企业资源计划Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)产品结构分析product structure analysis财务管理financial administration物流管理physical distribution managementDeepening reform and opening up 深化改革扩大开放The theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics建设有中国特色的社会主义理论The theory on the initial stage of socialism 社会主义初级阶段的理论One focus, two basic points 一个中心，两个基本点Focus on economic construction 以经济建设为中心Adhere to the four cardinal principles 坚持四项基本原则Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住机遇，深化改革，wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, maintaining stability扩大开放，促进发展，保持稳定Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist productive forces是否有利于发展社会主义生产力Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall strength of the country是否有利于增强综合国力Whether it would be beneficial to raising people's living standard是否有利于提高人民生活水平Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社会主义公有制为主体Common development of multi-economic sectors 多种经济成分共同发展Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建设Deepening economic reform 深化经济改革Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革发展和稳定的关系Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展Economic growth and social progress 经济增长与社会进步Strengthen the position of agriculture 加强农业的基础地位Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科学技术是第一生产力Strengthen the socialist legal system 加强社会主义法制A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施Reform and opening up policy 改革开放政策Reform measures 改革措施Speed up reform 加快改革Reform of economic system 经济体制改革Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革Reform of commodity circulation 商品流通体制改革Reform of foreign trade system 外贸体制改革Reform of personnel system 人事制度改革Reform of social security system 社会保险制度改革Reform of housing system 住房制度改革Planning system 计划管理体制Transferring the function of government 转换政府职能Open door policy 开放政策Open economy 开放经济Open-door to the outside world 对外开放Opening up 扩大开放Open domestic market 开放国内市场Introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and 引进外国的资金，先进技术和managerial experiences 管理经验Economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海经济特区One country, two systems 一国两制Special administrative region 特别行政区Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked to the household家庭联产承包责任制Narrowing the gap between the rich and poor 缩小贫富差距Eliminate poverty 消除贫困。
国家机构
①
各级人民法院和专 门人民法院的审判 庭； 出境入境口岸的适 当场所。
②
③
④
⑤
(2)小宇同学说：“这是县人大会议，人大的 县、自治县、不设区的 按照规章， 市、市辖区人民代表大 四大职权都要体现。比如，先安排听取县 县委书记是 会只有决定权、任免 权、监督权（自治县 政府工作报告，还要安排选举县长、县委 上级党委指 有一定的立法权（自治 派的 书记等议程。”小宇这段话有两处错误 ,你 条例和单行条例）） 看出来了吗？（2分） ①县人大没有立法权,只有监督权、任免权、 重大事项决定权等三种职权;②县委书记不 是人大选举产生。
设区的市、自治州人 民政府
县、自治县、不设区 的市、市辖区人民政 府 乡、镇、民族乡人民 政府
行政机 关（国 家权力 机关的 执行机 关）
上级领 导下级 （国务 院统一 领导地 方各级 人民政 府）
总理
省长、自治区主席、 直辖市市长
市长、自治州州长
县长、市长、区长
乡长、镇长
国家机关 名称 国家监察委员会 （最高监察机关）
地方性法规、第放性法规 自治条例、单行条例
省、直辖市、设区的市的人民 代表大会及常务委员会
民族自治地方人民代表大会（自治 区、自治州、自治县人大）
国家机关名称
性质
上级与下级 关系
领导人 称谓
五 级 ︵ 注 意 称 谓 的 不 同 ︶
国务院（中央人民政 府） （最高行政机关） 省、自治区、直辖市 人民政府
（3）小赵扮演的县人民法院院长做法院工作 报告，其投票结果如右图，请你据此判定 该县法院工作报告是否通过？（1分）
我国的主要国家机关
⑶参加这次会议的2927名代表是怎么产生的?这么 多的代表中有我们中学生代表吗,为什么?
答:我国人民代表是由人民民主选举产生的,具体是这样 的: 县、乡、镇人民代表大会代表由人民直接选举产生 的；市、省、全国人大代表是由人民间接选举产生的。 所以全国人大代表是由人民间接选举产生的. 没有. 这些代表能被选举成为人大代表同时具备了两个 条件: 一是年满18周岁的中国公民，二是依法享有 政治权利。我们中学生未满18周岁,因此没有被选 举权,不能被选举为人民代表参加人大会议.
3月5-8日 大会审查年度计划报告
四、审查2005年中央和地方预算执行情况的报告与 2006年中央和地方预算草案 批准2005年中央预算 执行情况的报告与2006年中央预算
3月5-8日 大会审查预算报告
五、听取和审议全国人民代表大会常务委员会委员长吴邦 国关于全国人民代表大会常务委员会工作的报告
最 高 人 民 检 察 院
职权: 对全国人大及其常委会负责并报告工作,并 领导地方各级人民检察院和专门检察院的工 作.
一、听取和审议国务院总理温家宝关于政府工作的报告
3月5日
温家宝总理作关于政府工作的报告
二、审查和批准国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年规划纲要
3月5-7日 大会审查十一个五规划
三、审查和批准2005年国民经济和社会发展计划执 行情况的报告与2006年国民经济和社会发展计划
中 央 军 事 委 员 会
性质: 是国家最高的军事领导机关.
职权: 领导全国武装力量,对全国人大及其常委会负 责并报告工作.
性质: 是国家最高审判机关.
最 高 人 民 法 院
职权: 对全国人大及其常委会负责并报告工作,并 监督地方各级人民法院和专门法院的审判工 作.
中国国家机构名称
中国国家机关名称China's State Organs全国人民代表大会National People’s Congress (NPC)主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing Committee办公厅General Office秘书处Secretariat代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee法律委员会Law Committee财务经济委员会Finance Affairs Committee外事委员会Foreign and Economy Committee教育，科学，文化委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee法制委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs特定问题委员会Committee of Inquiry into Special Questions宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution中华人民共和国主席President of the People’s Republic of China中央军事委员会Central Military Commission最高人民法院Supreme People’s Court最高人民检察院Supreme People’s Proc uratorate国务院State Council(1)国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Defence国家发展计划委员State Development Planning Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology国家科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defence 国家民族事务委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部Ministry of Public Security国家安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources建设部Ministry of Construction铁路部Ministry of Railways交通部Ministry of Communications信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行People’s Bank of China国家审计署State Auditing Administration(2)国务院办事机构Offices under that State Council国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council侨务办公厅Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs港澳办公厅Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office台湾办公厅Taiwan Affairs Office法制办公厅Office of Legislative Affairs经济体制办公厅Office for Economic Restructuring国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council新闻办公室Information Office(3)国务院直属机构Departments Directly under the State Council海关总署General Administration of Customs国家税务总局State Taxation Administration国家环境保护总局State Environmental Protection Administration中国民用航空总局Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)国家广播电影电视总局State Administration of Radio, Film and Television国家体育总局State Physical Cultural Administration国家统计局State Statistics Bureau国家工商行政管理局State Administration of Industry and Commerce新闻出版署Press and Publication Administration国家版权局State Copyright Bureau国家林业局State Forestry Bureau国家质量技术监督局State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision国家药品监督管理局State Drug Administration (SDA)国家知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO)国家旅游局National Tourism Administration国家宗教事务局State Bureau of Religious Affairs国务院参事室Counsellors’ Office of the State Council国务院机关事务管理局Government Offices Administration of the State Council(4)国务院直属事业单位Institutions Directly under the State Council新华通讯社Xinhua News Agency中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering国务院发展研究中心Development Research Centre of the State Council国家行政学院National School of Administration中国地震局China Seismological Bureau中国气象局China Meteorological Bureau中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRS)(5)部委管理的国家局State Bureaux Administration by Ministration or Commission)国家粮食储备局(国家发展计划委员会)State Bureau of Grain Reserve (Under the State Development Planning Commission)国家国内贸易局State Bureau of Internal Trade国家煤炭工业局State Bureau of Coal Industry国家机械工业局State Bureau of Machine Building Industry国家冶金工业局State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry国家石油和化学工业局State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industry国家轻工业局State Bureau of Light Industry国家纺织工业局State Bureau of Textile Industry国家建筑材料工业局State Bureau of Building Materials Industry国家烟草专卖局State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau国家有色金属工业局State Bureau of Nonferrous Metal Industry(以上由国家经贸委管理above are all under the State Economic and Trade Commission)国家外国专家局(人事部) State Bureau of Foreign Experts Affairs (under the Ministry of Personnel)国家海洋局(国土资源部) State Bureau of Oceanic Administration (under the Ministry of Land and Resources)国家测绘局(国土资源部) State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping (ditto)国家邮政局(信息产业部) State Post Bureau (under the Ministry of Information Industry)国家文物局(文化部) State Cultural Relics Bureau (under the Ministry of Culture)国家中医药管理局(卫生部) State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (under the Ministry of Public Health) 国家外汇管理局(中国人民银行总行) State Administration of Foreign Exchange (under the People’s Bank of China)国家出入境检验检疫局(海关总署) State Administration for EntryExit Inspection and Quarantine (under the General Administration of Customs)中国共产党，其他政党及政协相关名称中国共产党中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC中央书记处Secretariat of the Central Committee of the CPC中央军事委员会Central Military Commission of the CPC中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC中央办公厅General Office, CCCPC中央组织部Organization Department, CCCPC中央宣传部Publicity Department, CCCPC中央统一战线部United Front Work Department, CCCPC中央对外联络部International Liaison Department, CCCPC中央政法委员会Committee of Political and Legislative Affairs, CCCPC中央政策研究室Policy Research Office, CCCPC中央直属机关工作委员会Work Committee for Offices Directly under the CCCPC中央国家机关工作委员会State Organs Work Committee of the CPC中央台湾工作委员会Taiwan Affairs Office, CCCPC中央对外宣传办公室International Communication Office, CCCPC中央党校Party School of the CPC中央党史研究室Party History Research Centre, CCCPC中央文献研究室Party Literature Research Centre, CCCPC中央翻译局Compilation and Translation Bureau, CCCPC中央外文出版发行事业局China Foreign Languages Publishing and Distribution Administration中央档案馆Archives Bureau, CCCPC《中国人民政治协商会议及其机构》The Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and Its Structure中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of the CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会Standing Committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会办公厅General Offices of the CPPCC National Committee专门委员会Special Committee提案委员会Committee for Handling Proposals经济委员会Committee for Economic Affairs人口资源环境委员会Committee of Population, Resources and Environment教科文卫体委员会Committee of Education, Science, Culture, Health and Sports社会和法制委员会Committee for Social and Legal Affairs民族和宗教委员会Committee for Ethnic and Religious Affairs文史资料委员会Committee of Cultural and Historical Data港澳台侨委员会Committee for Liaison with Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Overseas Chinese外事委员会Committee of Foreign Affairs中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会CPPCC Local Committees《中国政党Chinese Parties》中国共产党(中共)Communist Party of China (CPC)中国**革命委员会(民革)Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang中国民主同盟(民盟)Chinese Democratic League中国民主建国会(民建)China Democratic National Construction Association中国民主促进会(民进)China Association for Promoting Democracy中国农工民主党Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party中国致公党China Zhi Gong Dang九三学社Jiu San Society台湾民主自治同盟(台盟)T aiwan Democratic SelfGovernment League。
中国国家机关名称
中国国家机关名称China's State Organs全国人民代表大会National People’s Congress (NPC)主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing Committee办公厅General Office秘书处Secretariat代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee法律委员会Law Committee财务经济委员会Finance Affairs Committee外事委员会Foreign and Economy Committee教育，科学，文化委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee 内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee法制委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs特定问题委员会Committee of Inquiry into Special Questions宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution中华人民共和国主席President of the People’s Republic of China中央军事委员会Central Military Commission最高人民法院Supreme People’s Court最高人民检察院Supreme People’s Pro curatorate国务院State Council(1)国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Defence国家发展计划委员State Development Planning Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology国家科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry forNational Defence国家民族事务委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部Ministry of Public Security国家安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources建设部Ministry of Construction铁路部Ministry of Railways交通部Ministry of Communications信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation 文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行People’s Bank of China国家审计署State Auditing Administration(2)国务院办事机构Offices under that State Council国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council侨务办公厅Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs港澳办公厅Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office台湾办公厅Taiwan Affairs Office法制办公厅Office of Legislative Affairs经济体制办公厅Office for Economic Restructuring国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council新闻办公室Information Office(3)国务院直属机构Departments Directly under the State Council海关总署General Administration of Customs国家税务总局State Taxation Administration国家环境保护总局State Environmental Protection Administration中国民用航空总局Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)国家广播电影电视总局State Administration of Radio, Film and Television 国家体育总局State Physical Cultural Administration国家统计局State Statistics Bureau国家工商行政管理局State Administration of Industry and Commerce新闻出版署Press and Publication Administration国家版权局State Copyright Bureau国家林业局State Forestry Bureau国家质量技术监督局State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision国家药品监督管理局State Drug Administration (SDA)国家知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO)国家旅游局National Tourism Administration国家宗教事务局State Bureau of Religious Affairs国务院参事室Counsellors’ Office of the State Council国务院机关事务管理局Government Offices Administration of the State Council(4)国务院直属事业单位Institutions Directly under the State Council新华通讯社Xinhua News Agency中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering国务院发展研究中心Development Research Centre of the State Council国家行政学院National School of Administration中国地震局China Seismological Bureau中国气象局China Meteorological Bureau中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRS)(5)部委管理的国家局State Bureaux Administration by Ministration or Commission)国家粮食储备局(国家发展计划委员会)State Bureau of Grain Reserve (Under the State Development Planning Commission)国家国内贸易局State Bureau of Internal Trade国家煤炭工业局State Bureau of Coal Industry国家机械工业局State Bureau of Machine Building Industry国家冶金工业局State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry国家石油和化学工业局State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industry国家轻工业局State Bureau of Light Industry国家纺织工业局State Bureau of Textile Industry国家建筑材料工业局State Bureau of Building Materials Industry国家烟草专卖局State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau国家有色金属工业局State Bureau of Nonferrous Metal Industry(以上由国家经贸委管理above are all under the State Economic and Trade Commission)国家外国专家局(人事部) State Bureau of Foreign Experts Affairs (under theMinistry of Personnel)国家海洋局(国土资源部) State Bureau of Oceanic Administration (under the Ministry of Land and Resources)国家测绘局(国土资源部) State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping (ditto)国家邮政局(信息产业部) State Post Bureau (under the Ministry of InformationIndustry)国家文物局(文化部) State Cultural Relics Bureau (under the Ministry of Culture)国家中医药管理局(卫生部) State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (under the Ministry of Public Health)国家外汇管理局(中国人民银行总行) State Administration of Foreign Exchange (under the People’s Bank of China)国家出入境检验检疫局(海关总署) State Administration for EntryExit Inspection and Quarantine (under the General Administration of Customs)返回中国各级党政机关干部名称英译名∙中共中央总书记 General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee∙政治局常委 Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee∙政治局委员 Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee ∙书记处书记 Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee∙中央委员 Member, Central Committee∙候补委员 Alternate Member∙…省委/市委书记Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC∙党组书记 secretary, Party Leadership Group∙中华人民共和国主席/副主席 President/Vice President, the People's Republic of China∙全国人大委员长/副委员长 Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People's Congress∙秘书长 Secretary-General∙主任委员 Chairman∙委员 Member∙（地方人大）主任 Chairman, Local People's Congress∙人大代表 Deputy to the People's Congress∙国务院总理 Premier, State Council∙国务委员 State Councilor∙秘书长 Secretary-General∙（国务院各委员会）主任 Minister in Charge of Commission for∙（国务院各部）部长 Minister∙部长助理 Assistant Minister∙司长 Director∙局长 Director∙省长 Governor∙常务副省长 Executive Vice Governor∙自治区人民政府主席 Chairman, Autonomous Regional People's Government∙地区专员 Commissioner, prefecture∙香港特别行政区行政长官 Chief Executive, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region∙市长/副市长 Mayor/Vice Mayor∙区长 Chief Executive, District Government∙县长 Chief Executive, County Government∙乡镇长 Chief Executive, Township Government∙秘书长 Secretary-General∙办公厅主任 Director, General Office∙（部委办）主任 Director∙处长/副处长 Division Chief/Deputy Division Chief∙科长/股长 Section Chief∙科员 Clerk/Officer∙发言人 Spokesman∙顾问 Adviser∙参事 Counselor∙巡视员 Inspector/Monitor∙特派员 Commissioner∙人民法院院长 President, People's Courts∙人民法庭庭长 Chief Judge, People's Tribunals∙审判长 Chief Judge∙审判员 Judge∙书记 Clerk of the Court∙法医 Legal Medical Expert∙法警 Judicial Policeman∙人民检察院检察长 Procurator-General, People's procuratorates∙监狱长 Warden∙律师 Lawyer∙公证员 Notary Public∙总警监 Commissioner General∙警监 Commissioner∙警督 Supervisor∙警司 Superintendent∙警员 Constable返回中国共产党，其他政党及政协相关名称中国共产党中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China 中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC 中央书记处Secretariat of the Central Committee of the CPC中央军事委员会Central Military Commission of the CPC中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC中央办公厅General Office, CCCPC中央组织部Organization Department, CCCPC中央宣传部Publicity Department, CCCPC中央统一战线部United Front Work Department, CCCPC中央对外联络部International Liaison Department, CCCPC中央政法委员会Committee of Political and Legislative Affairs, CCCPC中央政策研究室Policy Research Office, CCCPC中央直属机关工作委员会Work Committee for Offices Directly under the CCCPC 中央国家机关工作委员会State Organs Work Committee of the CPC中央台湾工作委员会Taiwan Affairs Office, CCCPC中央对外宣传办公室International Communication Office, CCCPC中央党校Party School of the CPC中央党史研究室Party History Research Centre, CCCPC中央文献研究室Party Literature Research Centre, CCCPC中央翻译局Compilation and Translation Bureau, CCCPC中央外文出版发行事业局China Foreign Languages Publishing and Distribution Administration中央档案馆Archives Bureau, CCCPC《中国人民政治协商会议及其机构》The Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and Its Structure中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of the CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会Standing Committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会办公厅General Offices of the CPPCC National Committee专门委员会Special Committee提案委员会Committee for Handling Proposals经济委员会Committee for Economic Affairs人口资源环境委员会Committee of Population, Resources and Environment 教科文卫体委员会Committee of Education, Science, Culture, Health and Sports社会和法制委员会Committee for Social and Legal Affairs民族和宗教委员会Committee for Ethnic and Religious Affairs文史资料委员会Committee of Cultural and Historical Data港澳台侨委员会Committee for Liaison with Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Overseas Chinese外事委员会Committee of Foreign Affairs中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会CPPCC Local Committees《中国政党Chinese Parties》中国共产党(中共)Communist Party of China (CPC)中国国民党革命委员会(民革)Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang中国民主同盟(民盟)Chinese Democratic League中国民主建国会(民建)China Democratic National Construction Association 中国民主促进会(民进)China Association for Promoting Democracy中国农工民主党Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party中国致公党China Zhi Gong Dang九三学社Jiu San Society台湾民主自治同盟(台盟)Taiwan Democratic SelfGovernment League返回中国人民团体,协会名称英译测绘学会Society of Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography地震学会Seismological Society国际金融学会International Finance Society国际战略问题学会Institute for International Strategic Studies海洋学会Society of Oceanography科普学会Popular Science Society全国少年儿童文化艺术委员会Nat’l Council on Cultural and Art Work for Children 全国少年儿童工作协调委员会Nat’l Children’s Work Coordination Committee全国史学会China Society of History宋庆龄基金会Song Ching Ling Foundation中国奥林匹克委员会Chinese Olympic Committee中国笔会中心Chinese Pen Centre中国标准化协会China Association for Standardization中国残疾人福利基金会China Welfare Fund for the Handicapped中国出版协会Chinese Publishers Association中国道教协会Chinese Taoist Association中国电视艺术家协会Chinese Television Artists Association中国电影家协会China Film Association中国法律质询中心Chinese Legal Consultancy Centre中国法律会China Law Society中国翻译工作者协会Translators Association of China中国佛教协会Chinese Buddhists Association中国福利会China Welfare Institute中国歌剧研究会Chinese Opera Research Institute中国共产主义青年团Communist Youth League of China中国国际法学会Chinese Society of International Law中国国际交流协会Association for Int’l Understanding of China中国红十字会总会Red Cross Society of China中国会计学会China Accounting Society中国基督教“三自”爱国运动委员会ThreeSelf Patriotic Movement Committee of the Protestant Churches of China中国基督教协会China Christian Council中国计量测试学会Chinese Society for Measurement中国金融学会Chinese Monetary Society中国考古协会Archaeological Society of China中国科学技术史学会Chinese Society of Science and Technology History中国科学技术协会China Society and Technology Association中国联合国教科文组织全国委员会Nat’l Commission of The People’s Republic of China for UNESCO中国联合国协会United Nations Association of t he People’s Republic of China中国美术家协会Chinese Artists Association中国民间文艺家协会China Society for the Study of Folk Literature and Art中国企业管理协会China Enterprise Management Association中国曲艺家协会Chinese Ballad Singers Association中国人民保卫儿童基金会Chinese People’s National Committee for Defence of Children中国人民对外友好协会Chinese People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries中国少年儿童基金会Children’s Foundation of China中国少年先锋队China Young Pioneers中国摄影家协会Chinese Photographers Society中国书法家协会Chinese Calligraphers Association中国天主教爱国会Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association中国天主教教务委员会Nat’l Administrative Commission of the Chinese Catholic Church中国天主教主教团Chinese Catholic Bishops College中国文学艺术界联合会China Federation of Literary and Art Circles中国舞蹈家协会Chinese Dancers Association中国戏剧家协会Chinese Dramatists Association中国伊斯兰教协会Chinese Islamic Association中国音乐家协会Chinese Musicians Association中国杂技艺术家协会Chinese Acrobats Association中国政法学会China Society of Political Science and Law中国作家协会Chinese Writers Association中化全国妇女联合会AllChina Women’s Fe deration中华全国工商联合会AllChina Federation of Industry and Commerce中华全国归国华侨联合会AllChina Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese 中华全国青年联合会AllChina Youth Federation中华全国世界语联合会AllChina Esperanto League中华全国台湾同胞联谊会AllChina Federation of Taiwan Compatriots中华全国体育总会AllChina Sports Federation中华全国新闻工作者协会AllChina Journalists’ Association中华全国总工会AllChina Federation of Trade Unions中华医学会Chinese Medical Associaition返回。
初中毕业道德与法治总复习精讲 第一篇 考点梳理 固本夯基 八年级下册 第三单元 第六课 我国国家机构
考点 1：国家权力机关 1．人民行使国家权力的机关是：全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民
代表大会。(P79)
※2.全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会的性质及地位。
(P79～80)(2020 孝感 5B，宜昌 11，武汉 13)
分类
全国人民代表大会
地方各级人民代表大会
性质 最高国家权力机关(2021 宜昌 9C) 地方国家权力机关
(4)任期：中华人民共和国主席、副主席每届任期同全国人民代表大 会每届任期相同。
※2.国家主席有哪些职权？(P83～84)
职权
具体内容
根据全国人民代表大会的决定和全国人民代表大会常务委员 公布法
会的决定，公布法律，发布特赦令，宣布进入紧急状态，宣布 律、发布
战争状态，发布动员令。(情境链接：国家主席习近平签署第 命令
考点 4：国家监察机关 1．监察委员会的性质、监察范围、组成及领导体制。(P90～91) (1)性质：监察委员会是行使国家监察职能的专责机关。 (2)监察范围：对所有行使公权力的公职人员进行监察，实现国家监
察全面覆盖。 (3)组成：国家监察委员会和地方各级监察委员会。
(4)领导体制：国家监察委员会是最高监察机关，领导地方各级监察 委员会的工作；上级监察委员会领导下级监察委员会的工作；地方各级 监察委员会负责本行政区域内的监察工作。(国家监察委员会和地方各级 监察委员会的关系)
人民法院
基层人民法院
军事法院 专门人民法院海事法院
……
(3)基本职权：审理刑事、民事和行政案件，通过行使国家审判权， 惩办犯罪分子，解决民事和行政争议，维护社会秩序，引导公民自觉遵 守宪法和法律。
※2.人民法院行使职权的要求及作用。(P95) (1)要求：人民法院在司法活动中，必须坚持以事实为根据、以法律 为准绳，依法独立公正行使审判权，不受行政机关、社会团体和个人的 干涉。(2020 武汉 25A) (2)作用：人民法院对公民权利提供有效救济和保障，捍卫社会公平 正义。
中国国家机关名称中英文对照
China’s State Organs全国人民代表大会 National People’s Congress (NPC)主席团 Presidium常务委员会 Standing Committee办公厅 General Office秘书处 Secretariat代表资格审查委员会 Credentials Committee提案审查委员会 Motions Examination Committee民族委员会 Ethnic Affairs Committee法律委员会 Law Committee财务经济委员会 Finance Affairs Committee外事委员会 Foreign and Economy Committee教育，科学，文化委员会 Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee 内务司法委员会 Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs华侨委员会 Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee法制委员会 Commission of Legislative Affairs特定问题委员会 Committee of Inquiry into Special Questions宪法修改委员会 Committee for Revision of the Constitution中华人民共和国主席 President of the People’s Republic of China中央军事委员会 Central Military Commission最高人民法院 Supreme People’s Court最高人民检察院 Supreme People’s Procuratorate国务院 State Council(1)国务院部委 Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council外交部 Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部 Ministry of National Defence国家发展计划委员 State Development Planning Commission国家经济贸易委员会 State Economic and Trade Commission教育部 Ministry of Education科学技术部 Ministry of Science and Technology国家科学技术工业委员会 Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defence国家民族事务委员会 State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部 Ministry of Public Security国家安全部 Ministry of State Security监察部 Ministry of Supervision民政部 Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部 Ministry of Justice财政部 Ministry of Finance人事部 Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部 Ministry of Labour and Social Security国土资源部 Ministry of Land and Resources建设部 Ministry of Construction铁路部 Ministry of Railways交通部 Ministry of Communications信息产业部 Ministry of Information Industry水利部 Ministry of Water Resources农业部 Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部 Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation 文化部 Ministry of Culture卫生部 Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会 State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行 People’s Bank of China国家审计署 State Auditing Administration(2)国务院办事机构 Offices under that State Council国务院办公厅 General Office of the State Council侨务办公厅 Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs港澳办公厅 Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office台湾办公厅 Taiwan Affairs Office法制办公厅 Office of Legislative Affairs经济体制办公厅 Office for Economic Restructuring国务院研究室 Research Office of the State Council新闻办公室 Information Office(3)国务院直属机构 Departments Directly under the State Council海关总署 General Administration of Customs国家税务总局 State Taxation Administration国家环境保护总局 State Environmental Protection Administration中国民用航空总局 Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)国家广播电影电视总局 State Administration of Radio, Film and Television国家体育总局 State Physical Cultural Administration国家统计局 State Statistics Bureau国家工商行政管理局 State Administration of Industry and Commerce新闻出版署 Press and Publication Administration国家版权局 State Copyright Bureau国家林业局 State Forestry Bureau国家质量技术监督局 State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision国家药品监督管理局 State Drug Administration (SDA)国家知识产权局 State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO)国家旅游局 National Tourism Administration国家宗教事务局 State Bureau of Religious Affairs国务院参事室 Counsellors’ Office of the State Council国务院机关事务管理局 Government Offices Administration of the State Council(4)国务院直属事业单位 Institutions Directly under the State Council新华通讯社 Xinhua News Agency中国科学院 Chinese Academy of Sciences中国社会科学院 Chinese Academy of Social Sciences中国工程院 Chinese Academy of Engineering国务院发展研究中心 Development Research Centre of the State Council国家行政学院 National School of Administration中国地震局 China Seismological Bureau中国气象局 China Meteorological Bureau中国证券监督管理委员会 China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRS)(5)部委管理的国家局 State Bureaux Administration by Ministration or Commission)国家粮食储备局(国家发展计划委员会) State Bureau of Grain Reserve (Under the State Development Planning Commission)国家国内贸易局 State Bureau of Internal Trade国家煤炭工业局 State Bureau of Coal Industry国家机械工业局 State Bureau of Machine Building Industry国家冶金工业局 State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry国家石油和化学工业局 State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industry 国家轻工业局 State Bureau of Light Industry国家纺织工业局 State Bureau of Textile Industry国家建筑材料工业局 State Bureau of Building Materials Industry国家烟草专卖局 State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau国家有色金属工业局 State Bureau of Nonferrous Metal Industry(以上由国家经贸委管理above are all under the State Economic and Trade Commission)国家外国专家局(人事部) State Bureau of Foreign Experts Affairs (under the Ministry of Personnel)国家海洋局(国土资源部) State Bureau of Oceanic Administration (under the Ministry of Land and Resources)国家测绘局(国土资源部) State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping (ditto)国家邮政局(信息产业部) State Post Bureau (under the Ministry of Information Industry)国家文物局(文化部) State Cultural Relics Bureau (under the Ministry of Culture)国家中医药管理局(卫生部) State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (under the Ministry of Public Health)国家外汇管理局(中国人民银行总行) State Administration of Foreign Exchange (under the People’s Bank of China)国家出入境检验检疫局(海关总署) State Administration for Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine (under the General Administration of Customs)。
我国国家机关名称
全国人民代表大会1.全国人民代表大会[National People' s C ongress (NPC)]主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing C ommittee办公厅General O ff ice秘书处Secretariat代表资格审查委员会C redentials C ommittee提案审查委员会Motions Examinatio n C ommittee民族委员会Ethnic A ffairs C ommittee法律委员会Law C ommittee财政经济委员会F inance and Economy C ommittee外事委员会F oreign A ffairs C ommittee教育、科学、文化和卫生委员会Education, Science, C ulture and Public Health C ommittee 内务司法委员会C ommittee for Internal and Judicial A ffairs华侨委员会Ov erseas C hinese A ffairs C ommittee法制工作委员会C ommission of Legislativ e A ffairs特定问题调查委员会C ommission of Inquiry into Specif ic Q uestions宪法修改委员会C ommittee for Rev ision of the C onstitution2.中华人民共和国主席[President of the People' s Republic of C hina]3. 中央军事委员会[C entral Military C ommission]4. 最高人民法院[Supreme People' s C ourt]5. 最高人民检察院[Supreme People' s Procuratorate]国务院部委6. 国务院[State C ouncil](1)国务院部委Ministries and C ommissions Directly under the State C ouncil外交部Ministry of F oreign A ffairs国防部Ministry of National Defence国家发展和改革委员会National Dev elopment and Reform C ommission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade C ommission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology国防科学技术工业委员会C ommission of Science, Technology and Industry for National De-fence 国家民族事物委员会State Ethnic A ffairs C ommission公安部Ministry of Public Security国家安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Super v ision民政部Ministry of C iv il A ffairs司法部Ministry of Justice财政部Ministry of F inance人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources建设部Ministry of C onstruction铁道部Ministry of Railway s交通部Ministry of C ommunications信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of A griculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of F oreign Trade and Economic C ooperation 文化部Ministry of C ulture卫生部Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会State F amily Planning C ommission中国人民银行People' s Bank of C hina国家审计署State A uditing A dministration国务院办事机构(2)国务院办事机构O ff ices under the State C ouncil国务院办公厅General O ff ice of the State C ouncil侨务办公室O ff ice of Overseas C hinese A ffairs港澳台办公室Hong Kong and Macao A ffairs O ff ice台湾事物办公室Taiw an A ffairs O ff ice法制办公室O ff ice of Legislativ e Affairs经济体制改革办公室O ff ice for Economic Restructuring国务院研究室Research O ff ice of the State C ouncil新闻办公室Information O ff ice国务院直属机构(3)国务院直属机构Departments Directly under the State C ouncil海关总署General A dministration of C ustoms国家税务总局State Taxation A dministration国家环境保护总局State Env ironmental Protection A dministration中国民用航空总局C iv il Av iation A dministration of C hina (CAAC)国家广播电影电视总局State A dministration of Radio, F ilm and Television国家体育总局State Sport General A dministration国家统计局State Statistics Bureau国家工商行政管理局State A dministration of Industry and C ommerce新闻出版署Press and Publication A dministration国家版权局State C opy right Bureau国家林业局State F orestr y Bureau国家质量技术监督局State Bureau of Q uality and T echnical Superv ision国家药品监督管理局State Drug A dministration (SDA)国家知识产权局State Intellectual Property O ff ice (SIPO)国家旅游局National Tourism A dministration国家宗教事物局State Bureau of Religious A ffairs国务院参事办C ounsellors' O ff ice of the State Council国务院机关事物管理局Gov ernment O ff ices A dministration of the State C ouncil 国务院直属机构事业单位(4)国务院直属事业单位Institutio ns Directly under the State C ouncil新华通讯社Xinhua New s A genc y中国科学院C hinese A cademy of Sciences中国社会科学院C hinese A cademy of Social Sciences中国工程院C hinese A cademy of Engineering国务院发展研究中心Dev elopment Research C entre of the State Council国家行政学院National School of A dministration中国地震局C hina Seismological Bureau中国气象局C hina Meteorological Bureau中国证券监督管理委员会C hina Securities Regulatory C ommission (CSRC)部委管理的国家局(5)部委管理的国家局State Bureaux A dministrated by Ministries or C ommissions国家粮食储备局（国家发展计划委员会）State Bureau of Grain Reser v e (under the State Development Planning C ommission)国家国内贸易局State Bureau of Internal Trade国家煤炭工业局State Bureau of C oal Industr y国家机械工业局State Bureau of Machine-Building Industry国家冶金工业局State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry国家石油和化学工业局State Bureau of Petroleum and C hemical Industries国家轻工业局State Bureau of Light Industry国家纺织工业局State Bureau of Textile Industry国家建筑材料工业局State Bureau of Building Materials Industry国家烟草专卖局State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau国家有色金属工业局State Bureau of Nonferrous Metal Industry[以上由国家经贸委管理][all unde r the State Economic and Trade C ommission]国家外国专家局（人事部）State Bureau of F oreign Experts A ffairs (under the Ministry of Personnel)国家海洋局（国土资源部）State O ceanic A dministration (under the Ministry of Land and resources)国家测绘局（国土资源部）State Bureau of Sur v ey ing and Mapping (under the Ministry of Land and Resources)国家邮政局（信息产业部）State Post Bureau (under the Ministry of Information Industry)国家文物局（文化部）State C ultural Relics Bureau (under the Ministry of C ulture)国家中医药管理局（卫生部）State A dministration of Traditional C hinese Medicine(under the Ministry of Public Health)国家外汇管理局（中国人民银行总行）State A dministration of F oreign Exchange (unde r the People' s Bank of C hina)国家出入境检验检疫局（海关总署）State A dministration for Entry-Exit Inspection a nd Q uarantine (under the General A dministration of C ustoms)。
国家机关总称
怎么写国家机关名称China State Organs全国人民代表大会1.全国人民代表大会[National People' s Congress (NPC)]主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing Committee办公厅General Office秘书处Secretariat代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee法律委员会Law Committee财政经济委员会Finance and Economy Committee外事委员会Foreign Affairs Committee教育、科学、文化和卫生委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Com mittee内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee法制工作委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs特定问题调查委员会Commission of Inquiry into Specific Questions宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution2.中华人民共和国主席[President of the People' s Republic of China]3. 中央军事委员会[Central Military Commission]4. 最高人民法院[Supreme People' s Court]5. 最高人民检察院[Supreme People' s Procuratorate]国务院部委6. 国务院[State Council](1)国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Defence国家发展和改革委员会National Development and Reform Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology国防科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for Nat ional De-fence国家民族事物委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部Ministry of Public Security国家安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources建设部Ministry of Construction铁道部Ministry of Railways交通部Ministry of Communications信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation 文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行People' s Bank of China国家审计署State Auditing Administration国务院办事机构(2)国务院办事机构Offices under the State Council国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council侨务办公室Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs港澳台办公室Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office台湾事物办公室Taiwan Affairs Office法制办公室Office of Legislative Affairs经济体制改革办公室Office for Economic Restructuring国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council新闻办公室Information Office国务院直属机构(3)国务院直属机构Departments Directly under the State Council海关总署General Administration of Customs国家税务总局State Taxation Administration国家环境保护总局State Environmental Protection Administration中国民用航空总局Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)国家广播电影电视总局State Administration of Radio, Film and Television国家体育总局State Sport General Administration国家统计局State Statistics Bureau国家工商行政管理局State Administration of Industry and Commerce新闻出版署Press and Publication Administration国家版权局State Copyright Bureau国家林业局State Forestry Bureau国家质量技术监督局State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision国家药品监督管理局State Drug Administration (SDA)国家知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO)国家旅游局National Tourism Administration国家宗教事物局State Bureau of Religious Affairs国务院参事办Counsellors' Office of the State Council国务院机关事物管理局Government Offices Administration of the State Council 国务院直属机构事业单位(4)国务院直属事业单位Institutions Directly under the State Council新华通讯社Xinhua News Agency中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering国务院发展研究中心Development Research Centre of the State Council国家行政学院National School of Administration中国地震局China Seismological Bureau中国气象局China Meteorological Bureau中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC)部委管理的国家局(5)部委管理的国家局State Bureaux Administrated by Ministries or Commissions国家粮食储备局（国家发展计划委员会）State Bureau of Grain Reserve (under the State Development Planning Commission)国家国内贸易局State Bureau of Internal Trade国家煤炭工业局State Bureau of Coal Industry国家机械工业局State Bureau of Machine-Building Industry国家冶金工业局State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry国家石油和化学工业局State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industries国家轻工业局State Bureau of Light Industry国家纺织工业局State Bureau of Textile Industry国家建筑材料工业局State Bureau of Building Materials Industry国家烟草专卖局State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau国家有色金属工业局State Bureau of Nonferrous Metal Industry[以上由国家经贸委管理][all under the State Economic and Trade Commission]国家外国专家局（人事部）State Bureau of Foreign Experts Affairs (under the Mini stry of Personnel)国家海洋局（国土资源部）State Oceanic Administration (under the Ministry of La nd and resources)国家测绘局（国土资源部）State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping (under the Mi nistry of Land and Resources)国家邮政局（信息产业部）State Post Bureau (under the Ministry of Information I ndustry)国家文物局（文化部）State Cultural Relics Bureau (under the Ministry of Culture)国家中医药管理局（卫生部）State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(u nder the Ministry of Public Health)国家外汇管理局（中国人民银行总行）State Administration of Foreign Exchange (u nder the People' s Bank of China)国家出入境检验检疫局（海关总署）State Administration for Entry-Exit Inspection a nd Quarantine (under the General Administration of Customs)。
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中国国家机关名称China's State Organs全国人民代表大会National People’s Congress(NPC)主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing Committee办公厅General Office秘书处Secretariat代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee法律委员会Law Committee财务经济委员会Finance Affairs Committee外事委员会Foreign and Economy Committee教育，科学，文化委员会Education,Science,Culture and Public Heal th Committee内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee法制委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs特定问题委员会Committee of Inquiry into Special Questions宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution中华人民共和国主席President of the People’s Republic of China中央军事委员会Central Military Commission最高人民法院Supreme People’s Court最高人民检察院Supreme People’s Procuratorate国务院State Council(1)国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Defence国家发展计划委员State Development Planning Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology国家科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science,Technology and Ind ustry for National Defence国家民族事务委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部Ministry of Public Security国家安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources建设部Ministry of Construction铁路部Ministry of Railways交通部Ministry of Communications信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Coope ration文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行People’s Bank of China国家审计署State Auditing Administration(2)国务院办事机构Offices under that State Council国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council侨务办公厅Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs港澳办公厅Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office台湾办公厅Taiwan Affairs Office法制办公厅Office of Legislative Affairs经济体制办公厅Office for Economic Restructuring国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council新闻办公室Information Office(3)国务院直属机构Departments Directly under the State Council海关总署General Administration of Customs国家税务总局State Taxation Administration国家环境保护总局State Environmental Protection Administration中国民用航空总局Civil Aviation Administration of China(CAAC)国家广播电影电视总局State Administration of Radio,Film and Telev ision国家体育总局State Physical Cultural Administration国家统计局State Statistics Bureau国家工商行政管理局State Administration of Industry and Commerce新闻出版署Press and Publication Administration国家版权局State Copyright Bureau国家林业局State Forestry Bureau国家质量技术监督局State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervis ion国家药品监督管理局State Drug Administration(SDA)国家知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office(SIPO)国家旅游局National Tourism Administration国家宗教事务局State Bureau of Religious Affairs国务院参事室Counsellors’Office of the State Council国务院机关事务管理局Government Offices Administration of the Stat e Council(4)国务院直属事业单位Institutions Directly under the State Council新华通讯社Xinhua News Agency中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering国务院发展研究中心Development Research Centre of the State Co uncil国家行政学院National School of Administration中国地震局China Seismological Bureau中国气象局China Meteorological Bureau中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory Commission(CS RS)(5)部委管理的国家局State Bureaux Administration by Ministration o r Commission)国家粮食储备局(国家发展计划委员会)State Bureau of Grain Reserve(Under the State Development Planning Commission)国家国内贸易局State Bureau of Internal Trade国家煤炭工业局State Bureau of Coal Industry国家机械工业局State Bureau of Machine Building Industry国家冶金工业局State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry国家石油和化学工业局State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Ind ustry国家轻工业局State Bureau of Light Industry国家纺织工业局State Bureau of Textile Industry国家建筑材料工业局State Bureau of Building Materials Industry国家烟草专卖局State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau国家有色金属工业局State Bureau of Nonferrous Metal Industry(以上由国家经贸委管理above are all under the State Economic an d Trade Commission)国家外国专家局(人事部)State Bureau of Foreign Experts Affairs(under the Ministry of Personnel)国家海洋局(国土资源部)State Bureau of Oceanic Administration(un der the Ministry of Land and Resources)国家测绘局(国土资源部)State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping(ditto)国家邮政局(信息产业部)State Post Bureau(under the Ministry o f Information Industry)国家文物局(文化部)State Cultural Relics Bureau(under the Minist ry of Culture)国家中医药管理局(卫生部)State Administration of Traditional Chines e Medicine(under the Ministry of Public Health)[/B][/B]国家外汇管理局(中国人民银行总行)State Administration of Foreign Exchang e(under the People’s Bank of China)国家出入境检验检疫局(海关总署)State Administration for EntryExit In spection and Quarantine(under the General Administration of C ustoms)。