三级英语语法重点
公共英语三级语法知识汇总
公共英语三级语法知识大全一、句法分析 (1)二、词法分析 (2)三、时态 (8)四、被动语态 (11)五、情态动词 (12)六、不定式 (14)七、定语从句 (17)八、主语从句 (22)九、表语从句 (23)十、宾语从句 (23)十一、同位语从句 (24)十二、状语从句 (25)十三、虚拟语气 (41)十四、动名词 (27)十五、现在分词 (28)十六、过去分词 (31)十七、独立主格结构 (34)十八、倒装句型 (35)十九、强调句型 (36)二十、主谓一致 (37)二十一、It的用法 (39)一、句法分析1、主语:是句子要说明的人或物,可以作主语的成分有名词,主语一般在句首。
注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家!. 1) Mr. Lee is a well-known scientist.名词作主语. 2) He reads newspapers everyday.代词作主语. 3) Two and ten is twelve.数词作主语. 4) Smoking is harmful to the health.动名词作主语. 5) To swim in that pool is a great pleasure.动词不定式作主语. 6) What we shall do next is not yet decided.从句作主语2、谓语: 说明主语的动作,状态或特征. 1) The new term begins on the 1st of September.. 2) His father is an engineer.3) She seemed happy.. 4) Li Hua showed me his album.3、宾语:指的是及物动词涉及到的人或物. 1) Wang Ling lent me a novel to read in the bus.. 2) The medicine is good for a cold.. 3) How many pieces do you want?. 4) My little sister always likes to ask questions.. 5) Would you mind coming earlier tomorrow?. 6) He asked me what I was going to do tonight4、宾语补足语:在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征。
最新大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总
三级语法考点归纳一．虚拟语气1. if 句中虚拟形式if 引导的非真实条件句（纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大）：条件从句主句与现在相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与将来相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与过去相反had done would/ should/ might/ could have done例句If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time.If they hadn’t gone on vacation, their house wouldn’t have been broken (break) into.2. 原形虚拟：a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。
suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire …… that ＋(should) do例如He suggested that we should leave early.My suggestion is that we should tell him.b. It is (was) 形容词/名词that …… (should) do/例如It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式：1. It’s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that) …动词过去时…例如It’s time we left.例如It is time we went to bed.2 would rather/sooner 宁愿as if/ though 好像would rather/sooner 谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相反as if/ though 谓语用过去完成时与过去相反4．练习1. I _______ try it again if I_______you.A. will；amB. should；amC. would；wereD. would；had been2. If it _______ not for the water，the plants _______live.A. were；would notB. is；could notC. were；couldD. did；could not3. If I _______ that chance to show my ability, I _______the president of this school.A. have not had；could not becomeB. had not had；would not have becomeC. did not have；could not becomeD. doesn’t have；will not become4. He _______ by that burglar if you _______ to save him.A. might have been killed；hadn’t comeB. will be killed；didn’t comeC. may be killed；did’t comeD. could be killed；haven’t come5. If it _______for your help，I _______that hard time with so little money.A. were not；would not spendB. is not；can not spendC. had not been；would not have spentD. have not been；will not spend6. Where _______ you go if war _______?A. will；breaks outB. do；will break outC. would；were to break outD. will；is to break out7. She wishes she _______ that humiliating thing.A. doesn’t doB. didn’t doC. haven’t doneD. hadn’t done8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _______ put off.A. can beB. beC. isD. will be9. It is vital that he _______ immediately.A. should goB. must goC. goesD. went10. It is time we _______do our homework.A. begin toB. can begin toC. began toD. will begin to答案：1.选C。
公共英语三级考试语法要点解析
公共英语三级考试语法要点解析公共英语三级考试语法要点解析1、一般现在时(1) 表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态，常与sometimes, always, often, every day等时间状语连用。
如：Sometimes, we go swimming after school.(2) 表示客观真理、科学事实等。
如：The earth goes round the sun.2、现在进行时(1) 表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与now, at present 等时间状语连用。
如：What are you doing now?(2) 和always, continually等连用，表一种经常反复的动作，常含有某种情感。
如：He is always doing good deeds.3、现在完成时主要表示动作发生在过去，对现在仍有影响，或动作一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，常与just, already, so far, once, never 等词连用。
如:Have you ever been to Beijing?4、一般将来时表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的`状态，常与tomorrow, next year等连用。
如：Ill meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.Were going to see a film next Monday.5、一般过去时表示在过去某一时间或某一阶段内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday, last year, in 1998, a moment ago等词连用。
如：It happened many years ago.6、过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一时期正在发生的动作。
如：What were you doing this time yesterday?7、过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。
三级英语语法重点
三级英语语法重点第一节动词的时态：讲12种特别关注：1、一般现在时的特殊用法；2、一般过去时；3、过去进行时4、现在完成时5、过去完成时；6、将来完成时；7、现在完成进行完成时；8、过去完成进行时。
一、一般现在式：特殊用法：在时间状语、条件状语从句(if, unless)中表示将来的动作:A．时间状语(before, after, untill, as soon as, when)：They will go home for winter vocation as soon as they _finish_their exams.When the mixture _is heated , it will give off a powerful force.34.”When are you going to visit your uncle in Chicago?”“As soon as D.we complete our work for tomorrow.” (03/11试A)B．条件状语(if, unless)：We’ll go fishing if w eather is good tomorrow.D。
改为is free。
when引导的时间状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来。
2000年试题AI can’t go to your birthday party unless my father agrees.除非我爸爸同意,否则我去不了你的生日会二、一般过去时：(要掌握常用不规则动词的过去式及过去分词形式,40个左右)1、简单陈述去过的动作或状态：would do2、used to do sth 过去常常做(现在不做了);be used to doing 习惯于做……(现在还在做)We used to swim in the river when we were in the countryside.我们过去常在河里游泳。
英语三级语法点总结
虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句
在suggestion， advice， proposal， order, decision, plan，idea，desire等需要 有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句 中，要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词用动词原 形或should ＋动词原形。例如：
My suggestion is that we should go there at once. What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening? An order has come that no language but German should be taught in the local school.
在虚拟语气中，无论主句中动词是现在时还是过去 时，只要as if/though从句所指的时间与其同时， 都用过去式，若非同时而是较早，或表示已经持续 了若干时间，则用过去完成式。例如： He ordered me about as though I were his wife. I was so happy that I felt as if I had wings and could fly. He looked as if he hadn‟t had a decent meal for a month.
非真实条件句中谓语动词形式
条件从句 与现在事实相反 If sb.+过去式 （be的过去式是 were） 主句 sb.+ would (should, could, might)+动词原 形
与过去事实相反
三级语法考点总结
三级考试语法考点一、时态和语态1. 时态：共有16种时态，其中的特殊用法：（1）用一般现在时表示将来的动作：在由连词even if，unless，as soon as，if，when，in case，before，after，until，once，the moment，as long as等引出的状语从句中，谓语动词一般不用will或shall 来表示将来的动作，仅用一般现在时。
e.g. She will come to see you the moment she ____ her work. (finish)注:某些表示起始的动词，可用一般现在时表示按预定计划或时刻表在短时期内将发生的动作。
这类动词有：be, go, come, leave, start, depart, arrive, return等。
e.g. The train ____ at five sharp. (leave)(2) 现在完成时：连用的特殊状语和固定句型：★状语词组：this week (morning, month, year), so far, up to now, many times, up to the present, all this year, all one’s life等。
★副词：just, already, yet, ever, now, before, often, lately, recently等。
★固定句型：①This/ That/ It +is the first (or second, etc.) time + that/ when ... +现在完成时；②This is the +最高级+名词+that+... + 现在完成时；③This is the only+名词+that+... 现在完成时。
注：在这三种结构中若主句谓语是过去式，从句就用过去完成时。
e.g. It was the second time I ____ the film. (see)(3) 过去完成时：所连用的状语和固定句型有：★用在过去范围内的短语或句子：by (the time/ the end of) +表示过去时间的短语或句子；before, since, until, when( +句子)等加上表示过去时间的短语或句子。
大学英语三级考试语法复习要点
大学英语三级考试语法复习要点一、动词的时态和语态1. 动词的时态1.1一般现在时1.1.1在下列从句中，主句如用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时1)由when, until, the moment, as soon as, after, the next time和if, unless, in case,whether, as long as, once, however，provided that, supposing 等连词引导的时间状语和条件状语从句中。
e.g. If she doesn’t tell him the truth now, he’ll simply keep on asking her until shedoes.He will call you up the moment he finishes the work.You won’t pass the exam unless you study harder.2)在定语从句中，如，Be quick, or the train will have left by the time we get to thestation3)名词性的wh-, that- 从句中, 如：They will be thankful for whatever help youoffer him.4)让步状语从句（从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时）：e.g. Whether the weather is good or bad,…No matter whether you agree or not…However carefully you drive…1.1.2 表示客观事实和真理的句子任何时候都用一般现在时。
e.g.In the past many people didn’t believe that the earth is round.1.1.3 在某些常用的句中表示在一个具体的现在时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。
三级公共英语语法重点
• would rather+从句，是一个常用的虚拟语 气句型 Would rather+从句,谓语一般用过去 时来表示现在或将来。其意为“宁愿……, 还是…… 好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做 某事”。引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过 去的动作时，谓语则用过去完成时。
• John wants to see me today. I would rather he came to tomorrow than today. 约 翰今天想去看我。我宁愿他明天来看我而 不是今天。(句中came不是表示过去而是表 示将来)
• No sooner …than 刚一…就 • We had no sooner sat down than we found it was time to go. • No sooner had we sat down than we found it was time to go.
• Now that : since • Now that you are grown up, you must stop this childish behavior. • So… as 像…一样 否定句 • This room is not so large as that one. • So far as 就… • So far as I know, he will be away for three we名词+but also +名词 名词+but +名词
• Not only… + 名词+but also +名词作主语的 结构中，谓语动词与but also 后的名词的数 保持一致。 • Not only his wife but also his children have arrived.
三级英语语法重点
三级英语语法重点第一节动词得时态：讲1２种ﻫ特别关注:1、一般现在时得特殊用法;2、一般过去时;3、过去进行时4、现在完成时5、过去完成时；6、将来完成时;7、现在完成进行完成时；8、过去完成进行时。
一、一般现在式:ﻫ特殊用法：在时间状语、条件状语从句(iｆ, unｌeｓs)中表示将来得动作:A.时间状语(befｏre, afteｒ, uｎtｉｌｌ，ａs ｓｏon as，whｅｎ):Tｈｅy wilｌgｏhｏme ｆor winｔｅr vocatioｎａs ｓoｏｎａs ｔhey _finish_thｅir examｓ、Ｗheｎtheｍixｔuｒｅ_ｉs heaｔｅd ，itｗiｌl give ｏｆｆａpowerful force、34、”When aｒｅyoｕｇoing to vｉsiｔyｏur uncleｉn Chicago?”ﻫ“As sｏon as D、we pｌete oｕｒwork fｏr tｏmｏrroﻫ D。
改为ｉs fre ｗ、” (03/11试A)ﻫﻫB．条件状语（if，ｕnless):ﻫWe’ll gｏfishｉｎg if ｗeaｔher ｉs ｇood tｏmorrow、ﻫｅ。
when引导得时间状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来。
200０年试题ＡﻫI can’t go to yoｕｒｂirtｈday party uｎless my fａther ag ｒeｅs、ﻫ除非我爸爸同意,否则我去不了您得生日会ﻫ二、一般过去时：(要掌握常用不规则动词得过去式及过去分词形式，40个左右）ﻫ1、简单陈述去过得动作或状态:wｏｕlｄdo ﻫ2、usedｔｏｄo sth 过去常常做(现在不做了);bｅuseｄto doiｎｇ习惯于做……（现在还在做)ﻫWe uｓed to swim iｎｔhe riｖer when we were in tｈe countrysiｄe、3、It is …t ﻫ我们过去常在河里游泳。
大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总.doc
三级语法考点归纳一．虚拟语气1.if 句中虚拟形式if 引导的非真实条件句（纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大）：条件从句主句与现在相反did (be were)would/ should/ might/ could do与将来相反did (be were)would/ should/ might/ could do与过去相反had done would/ should/ might/ could havedone例句If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time.If they hadn’ t gone on vacation, their house wouldn’ t have been broken (break) into.2. 原形虚拟：a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的 that- 分句中，用动词原形。
suggest,demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require,request, desire＋that(should) do例如 He suggested that we should leave early.My suggestion is that we should tell him.b. It is (was) 形容词 / 名词 that(should) do/例如 It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.3.一些句型中的虚拟形式：1. It’ s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that)动词过去时例如 It ’s time we left. 例如 It is time we went to bed.2 would rather/sooner宁愿as if/ though好像would rather/sooner谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相反as if/ though 谓语用过去完成时与过去相反4．练习1. I _______ try it again if I_______you.A. will ； amB. should； amC. would ； wereD.would ； had been2. If it _______ not for the water， the plants _______live.A. were； would notB. is； could notC. were； couldD. did；could not3.If I _______ that chance to show my ability, I _______the president of this school.A. have not had； could not becomeB. had not had； would not havebecomeC. did not have； could not becomeD. doesn’thave；will not become4. He _______ by that burglar if you _______ to save him.A. might have been killed； hadn’t comeB. will be killed； didn’t comeC. may be killed； did’t comeD. could be killed； haven’t come5. If it _______for your help， I _______that hard time with so little money.A. were not； would not spendB. is not； can not spendC. had not been； would not have spentD. have not been； will not spend6. Where _______ you go if war _______A. will； breaks outB. do； will break outC. would； were to break outD. will； is to break out7. She wishes she _______ that humiliating thing.A. doesn’t doB. didn’ t doC. haven’ t doneD. hadn’t done8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _______ put off.A. can beB. beC. isD. will be9. It is vital that he _______ immediately.A. should goB. must goC. goesD. went10. It is time we _______do our homework.A. begin toB. can begin toC. began toD. will begin to答案：1.选 C。
大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总
三级语法考点归纳一．虚拟语气1. if 句中虚拟形式if 引导的非真实条件句（纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大）：条件从句主句与现在相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与将来相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与过去相反had done would/ should/ might/ could have done例句If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time.If they hadn’t gone on vacation, their house wouldn’t have been broken (break) into.2. 原形虚拟：a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。
suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire …… that ＋(should) do例如He suggested that we should leave early.My suggestion is that we should tell him.b. It is (was) 形容词/名词that …… (should) d o/例如It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式：1. It’s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that) …动词过去时…例如It’s time we left.例如It is time we went to bed.2 would rather/sooner 宁愿as if/ though 好像would rather/sooner 谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相反as if/ though 谓语用过去完成时与过去相反4．练习1. I _______ try it again if I_______you.A. will；amB. should；amC. would；wereD. would；had been2. If it _______ not for the water，the plants _______live.A. were；would notB. is；could notC. were；couldD. did；could not3. If I _______ that chance to show my ability, I _______the president of this school.A. have not had；could not becomeB. had not had；would not have becomeC. did not have；could not becomeD. doesn’t have；will not become4. He _______ by that burglar if you _______ to save him.A. might have been killed；hadn’t comeB. will be killed；didn’t comeC. may be killed；did’t comeD. could be killed；haven’t come5. If it _______for your help，I _______that hard time with so little money.A. were not；would not spendB. is not；can not spendC. had not been；would not have spentD. have not been；will not spend6. Where _______ you go if war _______?A. will；breaks outB. do；will break outC. would；were to break outD. will；is to break out7. She wishes she _______ that humiliating thing.A. doesn’t doB. didn’t doC. haven’t doneD. hadn’t done8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _______ put off.A. can beB. beC. isD. will be9. It is vital that he _______ immediately.A. should goB. must goC. goesD. went10. It is time we _______do our homework.A. begin toB. can begin toC. began toD. will begin to答案：1.选C。
英语三级知识点完整版.ppt
(4) 主语+as well as, along with, together with, including, accompanied by +名词 谓语动词与主语保持一致
(5) 名词前有each, every, many a 修饰时，谓语动词用 单数
In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. (6) 就近原则 not only…but also, neither…nor, either…or…,谓语 与最邻近的主语一致。
课件
1) He is the driver_w_h_o_m_ I want to look for. 2) This is the friend _w_h_o_m__ I often visit. 3) I have a friend __w_h_o__ has much money. 4) It’s a thief __w__h_o__ was caught by us. 5) Kate is a student __w__h_o__ studies well. 6) This is the sportsman _w__h_o_ everyone says
(4) 从句中，反意疑问句和从句的谓语一致 I heard that you really had a wonderful time at John’s birthday party, didn’t you?
课件
Exercises:
1. His wife had the front door painted green
A
B
C
have a meeting to attend this evening.
英语三级语法点总结
非真实条件句中谓语动词形式
条件从句 与现在事实相反 If sb.+过去式 （be的过去式是 were） 主句 sb.+ would (should, could, might)+动词原 形
与过去事实相反
sb.+ would (should, If sb.+ had done could, might) + have done
三虚拟语气的用法?虚拟语气用在非真实条件句中?虚拟语气用在宾语从句中?虚拟语气用在表语从句同位语从句中?虚拟语气用在主语从句中?wish和asifthough后的虚拟语气
Grammar
虚拟语气
一、虚拟语气的含义：用来表示说话人所说的话并不是 事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。例如： If I had time, I would certainly go to the movie with you. I wish I were a white cloud. 二、虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。例如 If he were here, he would know what to do. If you had come a little earlier, you would have met her. She suggested that we should keep emailing each other.
虚拟语气用于主语从句
1. It be + 形容词 + that …(should)…. 用于该句型的形容词主要有：necessary, necessary important, good, right, wrong, natural, important proper, surprising 等。 natural funny, strange,strange
Catti英语三级语法点
Catti三级语法点一虚拟语气：①倒装：当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有 were, should, had 时，if 可省略，而将 were, should,had等词置于句首。
在倒装虚拟结构及 if I were you, as it were 中，只能用 were。
如：Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识的话，我们会已经聘用他来这里工作了②在whatever, whichever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, no matter wh-word等引导的让步状语从句中，从句虚拟语气结构为：may +动词原形(指现在或将来)。
如：We will find him wherever / no matter where he may be. 无论他在哪里，我们都要找到他。
③ 1 s uggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order//decide/sth that +（should）+do④ It is high（about） time+did sth⑤ For fear/in case/ lest + should do 以防。
⑥（？）二非谓语动词①前后主语一致②主动被动 doing/having doing（过去） done/having dong （过去）②非谓语动词动作发生在谓语动词之前，用have done ③做宾语补语，注意主被动关系，被动有 done，eg：keep sb doing/done非谓语动词做状语(☆有些过去分词或短语来源于系表结构，或某些动词后面加-ed转化来的形容词，作状语时不表被动而表主语的状态。
常见的有lost(如例句6), seated, hidden, lost in, dressed in, faced with, absorbed in, surprised, disappointed, exhausted, frightened, satisfied(如例句7), tiredEg 6. She sat by the window alone, lost in thought.7. Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class.三反义疑问句1) 陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I.I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。
大学英语三级考试语法总结
大学英语三级考试语法总结大学英语三级考试对于许多非英语专业的同学来说是一个重要的阶段性检测。
语法作为英语学习的重要组成部分，掌握好它对于提升考试成绩、增强英语实际运用能力都有着关键作用。
以下是对大学英语三级考试中常见语法点的总结。
一、时态时态是英语语法中非常重要的一部分，在考试中经常出现。
1、一般现在时：表示经常发生的动作、客观事实或真理。
例如：“The earth revolves s around the sun”（地球绕着太阳转。
）其结构为：主语＋动词原形（当主语为第三人称单数时，动词要加 s 或 es）。
2、一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
比如：“I played basketball yesterday”（我昨天打篮球了。
）其结构为：主语＋动词的过去式。
3、一般将来时：表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。
常见表达有：“will ＋动词原形”或“be going to ＋动词原形”。
例如：“I will go to Beijing next week”（我下周将去北京。
）4、现在进行时：表示正在进行的动作。
结构为：主语＋ am/is/are ＋动词的现在分词。
例如：“She is reading a book now”（她现在正在读书。
）5、过去进行时：表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。
其结构为：主语＋ was/were ＋动词的现在分词。
如：“I was watching TV at eighto'clock last night”（昨晚八点我正在看电视。
）6、现在完成时：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或者过去开始一直持续到现在的动作。
结构为：主语＋ have/has ＋过去分词。
比如：“I have finished my homework”（我已经完成了作业。
）7、过去完成时：表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作。
结构为：主语＋ had ＋过去分词。
例如：“By the end of last year, we had learned 2000 words”（到去年年底，我们已经学了 2000 个单词。
大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总
⼤学英语三级语法知识总结汇总三级语法考点归纳⼀．虚拟语⽓1. if 句中虚拟形式if 引导的⾮真实条件句（纯粹假设或发⽣的可能性不⼤）：条件从句主句与现在相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与将来相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与过去相反had done would/ should/ might/ could have done例句If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time.If they hadn’t gone on vacation, their house wouldn’t have been broken (break) into.2. 原形虚拟：a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，⽤动词原形。
suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire …… that ＋(should) do 例如He suggested that we should leave early.My suggestion is that we should tell him.b. It is (was) 形容词/名词that …… (should) do/例如It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.3. ⼀些句型中的虚拟形式：1. It’s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that) …动词过去时…例如It’s time we left.例如It is time we went to bed.2 would rather/sooner 宁愿as if/ though 好像would rather/sooner 谓语⽤过去时与现在或者将来相反as if/ though 谓语⽤过去完成时与过去相反4．练习1. I _______ try it again if I_______you.A. will；amB. should；amC. would；wereD. would；had been2. If it _______ not for the water，the plants _______live.A. were；would notB. is；could notC. were；couldD. did；could not3. If I _______ that chance to show my ability, I _______the president of this school.A. have not had；could not becomeB. had not had；would not have becomeC. did not have；could not becomeD. doesn’t have；will not become4. He _______ by that burglar if you _______ to save him.A. might have been killed；hadn’t comeB. will be killed；didn’t comeC. may be killed；did’t comeD. could be killed；haven’t come5. If it _______for your help，I _______that hard time with so little money.A. were not；would not spendB. is not；can not spendC. had not been；would not have spentD. have not been；will not spend6. Where _______ you go if war _______?A. will；breaks outB. do；will break outC. would；were to break outD. will；is to break out7. She wishes she _______ that humiliating thing.A. doesn’t doB. didn’t doC. haven’t doneD. hadn’t done8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _______ put off.A. can beB. beC. isD. will be9. It is vital that he _______ immediately.A. should goB. must goC. goesD. went10. It is time we _______do our homework.A. begin toB. can begin toC. began toD. will begin to答案：1.选C。
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三级英语语法重点第一节动词的时态：讲12种特别关注：1、一般现在时的特殊用法；2、一般过去时；3、过去进行时4、现在完成时5、过去完成时；6、将来完成时；7、现在完成进行完成时；8、过去完成进行时。
一、一般现在式： 特殊用法：在时间状语、条件状语从句(if, unless)中表示将来的动作:A．时间状语(before, after, untill, as soon as, when)：They will go home for winter vocation as soon as they _finish_their exams.When the mixture _is heated , it will give off a powerful force.34.”When are you going to visit your uncle in Chicago?”“As soon as D.we complete our work for tomorrow.” (03/11试A)B．条件状语(if, unless)：We’ll go fishing if weather is good tomorrow.D。
改为is free。
when引导的时间状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来。
2000年试题AI can’t go to your birthday party unless my father agrees.除非我爸爸同意,否则我去不了你的生日会二、一般过去时：(要掌握常用不规则动词的过去式及过去分词形式,40个左右) 1、简单陈述去过的动作或状态：would do 2、used to do sth 过去常常做(现在不做了);be used to doing 习惯于做……(现在还在做)We used to swim in the river when we were in the countryside.我们过去常在河里游泳。
(现在不了)The old man is used to getting up early in the morning. 老人习惯早起3、It is …time since +从句引导的时间状语从句中, since后谓语动词用一般过去时(自从…以来)54. No one can possibly recall any detail about the meeting. It is at least five years since it C. took place . 02年A卷三、一般将来时1、will（shall）+原形动词：表示将来的动作或状态。
例：He will come and help you. 他会来帮助你的。
2、be going to +动词原形：表示马上就要发生的事情或打算好要做的事。
例：Are you going to attend the lecture? 你打算去听这个演讲吗？3、be to +动词原形：强调按安排或计划\命令要求\命中注定的动作 The Third-Ring Road is to be open to traffic before National Day. 三环路将在国庆节前通车。
You are to do your homework. 你必须先做作业Your plan is to fail. 你的计划注定失败4、用某些动词的现在进行时表达根据计划、安排而将于近期（将来）发生的事情，代表动词：go ,come, start, stop, arrive，leave，play等 We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我们明天动身去北京。
5、一般现在时表示将来（见前一、一般现在时）四、现在进行时1、表示说话时（现阶段）正在进行的动作。
The teacher is talking with his students. 这位老师正在同他的学生交谈表示现阶段正在进行的动作，但此刻并不一定在进行。
I am attending a conference in Beijing. 我正在北京参加一个会议。
2、表示经常或反复发生的动作，但往往带有欣赏、厌恶等的感情色彩He is always thinking of others first. 他总是先为别人着想。
(欣赏)Why are you always leaving things behind. 你怎么总是丢三落四的(厌恶)3、描述某人一时的表现，通常用动词be 的进行时态She is being friendly today. 她今天很友善。
（平时不这样）五、过去进行时 was/were doing表示在过去某一段时间正在进行的动作。
常需用表示过去的时间状语或通过上下文来判断时间。
I fell and hurt myself while I _ A. was playing_ tennis. （98年43题）重点：when 和while 的区别 when 表示时间上的点，引导的句子用一般过去时while 表示持续的一段时间，引导的句子用过去进行时六、现在完成时 have/has done(过去分词)1、表示过去到现在这段时间完成完成并对现在有影响的动作或状态，常和just, already, so far, yet, up to now, up to the present, recently, lately, in the past few years 连用。
I have seeen the film. 我看过这个电影。
(我了解电影的内容)2、表示过去开始一直延续到现在的动作、状态、经历或习惯等，通常和延续性动词连用： stay, study, live, to be, teach, work …, 常用since， even since引导的短语或从句，或由for 引导的短语连用。
He has lived here for 30 years. 他住在这儿已经三十年了（现在还住在这儿）Have you even been to Tibet? 你去过西藏吗？C。
应改为have had difficulty 。
因为ever since 引导句子的时候，从句用过去时，主句要用现在完成时。
(2001年试题)3、固定句式：it is the first/second/last time that +延续性动词过去完成时It is the first time that I have met Jane. 那是我第一次见到简。
（2）It is 3 years since I left Shanghai .我离开上海已经三年了。
4、现在完成时和一般过去时Jone has lived Landon for 10 years. 现在还住Jone lived Landon for 10 years. 曾经住，现在不在了七、过去完成时 had done1、表示在过去的某一时刻或动作之前已经完成了的动作（即过去的过去）。
可用by, uptill, before, after, when等介词或连词引导的短语或从句表示。
When I arrived he had left. 我到那他刚走40、When I went to visit Mrs.Smith last week, I was told she D. had left tow days before. (0311试A)2、没有时间状语时，时间先后收上下文表示：I didn’t know he had moved out. 我不知道他已经搬家了3、特殊用法：（1）和before连用，表示“还没来得及…就…“She wept before I had realized what was happening.我还没明白怎么回事之前她就哭了（2）It was the first/second/last time that + 过去完成时It was the first time (that) they had tried foreign food.这是他们第一次吃西餐。
4、常用在no sooner …than…, hardly/scarcely/barely…when…，一…就…。
句型之中，句子到装。
I had no sooner returned than he called.八、将来完成时：表示在将来某一时间以前已完成或发生的动作By the end of next month, he will have been here for 10 years.到下个月为止，他在这住了10年了24、I _D.shall have finished _ writing the article by the time you get. (00)30. By next year he A. has worked in New York for five years. (0411A)九、现在完成进行时：表示从过去某时一直延续到现在的动作have/has been doingWe have been waiting for you for an hour.我们等了你一小时了。
( 动作到此为止，不持续下去)I have been learning English for 10 years.我学英语10年了。
(还要继续学下去)十、过去将来时：表示相对于过去的将来，多见于间接引语出现在阅读或完型中形式： would do 或 was/were going to doHe said that he would watch his car the next day. 他说明天要洗车。
He said that he was going to watch his car the next day.十一、过去完成进行时：表示过去某一时刻以前一直延续的的动作had been doingThey had been waiting for an hour before the bus came.64. Even though Sedat has been studying English for three years before came to the United States , It is still difficult for him to expresshimself. (0304A)B. has been 改为 had been十二、将来完成进行时：表示将来某一时刻以前一直进行的动作。