英国文学史期中论文
关于英国文学方面论文
关于英国文学方面论文英国文学的历史比较悠久，在历史长河的推动下，经历了一个漫长又复杂的演变发展过程。
下文是店铺为大家整理的关于英国文学方面论文的范文，欢迎大家阅读参考!关于英国文学方面论文篇1浅论启蒙运动和英国文学摘要：18世纪的启蒙运动的开始，对英国的文学产生了重大影响。
现实主义小说的兴起和发展是英国启蒙文学最重要的成就。
其中，笛福的《鲁滨孙飘流记》是英国现实主义小说的先锋之一。
它创作了一位18世纪典型的具有冒险精神的英国资产阶级的人物形象。
关键词：现实主义小说;笛福;《鲁滨孙飘流记》一、启蒙文学与现实主义小说作为启蒙运动一部分的启蒙文学，在思想上以“理性崇拜”为核心，主张崇拜“自然理性”，反对君主王权。
体现在文学上，基本都表现出崇尚个人自由、崇尚回归自然、宣传开明君主制或君主立宪制、主张发展工商业、自由的经济竞争等等。
17世纪的法国古典主义文学在启蒙运动中仍占有一定地位，但并未产生伟大的作品。
尽管许多文学家仍借用古典主义的形式进行创作。
整体上看，启蒙文学中的反王权、反教会思想和文艺复兴文学有些相似，但更加激进。
由于根植于启蒙运动的土壤之中，启蒙文学具有更加强烈的哲学思辨特征和政治经济学底蕴。
启蒙文学不追求崇高的风格，多半以来自市民阶层的平民为主要人物，在体裁上也不仅仅局限于诗歌和戏剧，而是广泛采用各种体裁，其中尤以小说最为突出，为19世纪现实主义小说的繁荣奠定良好的基础。
欧洲文学的“诗体时代”向“散文体时代”的过渡就是在启蒙文学阶段完成的。
18世纪前半叶，英国社会安定，文学上崇尚新古典主义，其代表者是诗人蒲柏。
他运用英雄偶句体极为成熟，擅长写讽刺诗，但以发泄私怨居多。
表现出启蒙主义精神的主要是散文作家，他们推进了散文艺术，还开拓了两个文学新领域，即期刊随笔和现实主义小说。
二、笛福与《鲁滨孙飘流记》《鲁滨孙飘流记》是英国小说家笛福(1660-1731)写的一部小说，发表于一七一九年。
《鲁滨孙飘流记》是一部成功的现实主义小说。
英国文学简史结课论文ThePilgrim'sProgress
A Brief History of English LiteratureThe Pilgrim’s ProgressName:Number:Class Number:Teacher:The Pilgrim’s ProgressAs Banyun’s most significant work, The Pilgrim’s Progress met with warm reception after it came out. It’s not strange that The Pilgrim’s Progress became a book owned by almost every family in England for two following centuries, a record perhaps only next to the Bible itself. Translated into over 200 languages,The Pilgrim's Progress is one of the most famous classics of literature.Ⅰ.The AuthorJohn Bunyan (1628一1688), the author of The Pilgrim's Progress, is recognized as one of the most famous English allegorists. John Bunyan was born into a tinker's family in 1628. He was sent to school for a short time, but he was soon busy in his father's shop. When he was not yet sixteen his mother died; in two months his father married again. In 1642 he joined the parliamentary army and in 1647 was honorably discharged. Then he married a wife whose piety redeemed him from his delight in rural sport and the habit of profane swearing. He got interested in religion and in a few years joined a small group of non-conformists. His influential preaching astonished and enraged the authorities and then upon his refusal to leave off preaching, the justice committed him to Bedford jail, where he lay for nearly thirteen years. And it was here, in this period, he wrote the wonderful The Pilgrim's Progress.Ⅱ.The Plot LayoutIt is an allegorical novel, describing a Christian's journey through life to reach heaven. In this allegory, Christian and his company progress on a spiritual pilgrimage according to the instructions in the Bible. Despite their occasional diversions, they always hold to the Divine truth. Therefore all of them get an access to the world of eternal blessing, honor, glory and power. The readers must have exulted at the desirable salvation of the Christian family, because they are pilgrims on the same road. They encounter similar trials, temptations and difficulties. No doubt, the breadth of religious sympathies accounts for the universal acceptableness of The Pilgrim's Progress.Ⅲ.Writing Features--Biblical AllegoryA.The Biblical Allegory of theThemeThe theme that life is a pilgrimage has been widely used by western writers. The Bible, the most important source of Bunyan’s writings, deseribes that human beings live on the earth as pilgrims, and in all their life they “seek a homeland”, “a heavenly country”, (Hebrews 11:11,16). In The Pilgrim’s Progress, literally the hero Christian undergoes a journey from his hometown to his destination; allegorieally, it is a spiritual pilgrimage for everyman to pursue self-understanding and salvation.B.The Biblical Allegory of the NarrativeThe Status of the Bible can Provide the gauge to the possibilities of allegory, and the nrrative of the Bible provides the arehetype for literal works. As in The Pilgrim’s Progress, “the narrative sense” in the reading of the Bible remains “direetly, as in the Methodist’s devout use of the Bible... In tracing and treading the path from sin to perfetion.,(Frei152).C.The Biblical Allegory of the CharaeterizationAs the pretext of The Pilgrim’s Progress, the Bible makes its mark not only on the text’s theme and narrative, but also on its characterization. In The Pilgrim’s Progress, the characters in the work almost all serve exclusively to present unambiguously a certain principle in the doctrine of the Bible. The characters, such as Ignoranee, Talkative, Lord Hategood, Obstinate, Pliable etc., in a sense are not characters; they are even not character types; they are the reifieation and personifications of very explicit characteristics introduecd inio the text in order to illustrate a clear point. In a sense, there is only one charaeter in this story, Christian himself: the fulfillment of his salvation depends upon various stages of his spiritual growth.Ⅳ.Spiritual InfluenceThe Pilgrim’s Progress nearly has the same reputation with the Bible in western countries. It shows the author’s incomparable respect and devoutness by the hero Christian’s speech. The attitude of the Christian to god was absolutely complete. He followed God’s every orders and dared not to have any fault. And his efforts had gained plentiful reward. After a series hardship and trial, the Christian was welcomedinto the dreamed paradise holy city by the angel. Saying as the ideological content, John Bunyan’s The Pilgrim’s Progress is the most respectful work to God.For the above analysis, the Pilgrim’s Progress is undoubtedly successful. It influences the readers’mind greatly; meanwhile its many rhetoric and sentence making had been wildly cited as proverb, common saying, idiom and classical expressing ways in the English world. Bunyan achieved his faith, which was established by dream for using his The Pilgrim’s Progress.Ⅴ.References[1]谈竹琴. The Influence of The Bible on The Pilgrim's Progress[J]. 读与写(教育教学刊),2009,03:6-7+31.[2]林雅琴. The Christian Doctrines of Salvation at the Earlier Stages of The Pilgrim's Progress[J]. 海外英语,2011,09:278-279.[3]刘俊楠. A Tentative Feminist Exploration of the Innovation and Evolution of The Pilgrim's Progress-in Comparison with the Bible[D].赣南师范学院,2011.[4]李果. On the Biblical Allegory inThe Pilgrim’s Progress[M].湖南师范大学,2006,10.。
文艺复兴时期英国文学的辉煌的论文
文艺复兴时期英国文学的辉煌的论文文艺复兴时期英国文学的辉煌一、文艺复兴与英国文学文艺复兴在英国是以重新发现希腊、罗马的古典文化为开端，英国文艺复兴在整个欧洲文艺复兴领域具有重要地位。
英国的大学里恢复了古希腊语的教学，并出现规模宏大的翻译活动，众多的学者、作家将古代希腊﹑罗马和近代意﹑法等国的学术和文学名著译成了早期近代英语。
哲学家、教育家、历史家、政治家、宗教人士纷纷从事著述，用不同方式表达了人文主义思想，其中有托马斯·莫尔用拉丁文写的《乌托邦》，这个时期是英国近代文学开始阶段，这个阶段的英国文学是一个吸收外来文化的过程。
文艺复兴为英国文学大发展带来了新的气息。
文学一直以来都是与社会、政治和宗教有直接的关系，文艺复兴之前，英国的文学创作氛围并不是特别好，没有良好的创作范围，英国也就没有诞生影响世界文坛的作家，只本文由收集整理到文艺复兴时期，英国文学打破了闭塞的文学创作思路，开始学习历史上的希腊和罗马，以及外国文学，整个文学界迸发出活力。
二、文艺复兴时期英国文学成就文艺复兴在英国成就主要体现在戏剧。
戏剧作为希腊最为重要的文学形式，在文艺复兴期间得以在英国生根发芽，很多但是除了戏剧之外，文艺复兴时期的英国诗歌创作也取得了非常重大的成就，最为著名和影响力最为甚远的应当是我们熟知的莎士比亚《十四行诗》文艺复兴时期诗歌创作空前活跃，一些具有里程碑意义的诗作陆续问世，诗歌创作的创新和尝试，为文艺复兴其他文学形式的发展奠定了基础，其中《杂集》发表了华埃特和萨里两人对于意大利十四行诗的仿作，使这一诗体在英国生根。
到了90年代，锡德尼等著名诗人都出版了十四行诗集，虽然仍以歌颂爱情为主，却能突破旧格局而注入新内容。
十四行诗之外，英国诗歌界也有很多伟大的诗人，其中，成就最大的则是著名诗人斯宾塞。
他的主要作品《仙后》规模宏大，内容丰富，利用中古骑士传奇的体裁，以寓言为主要手法，在精神上却反对天主教而歌颂作为英国民族象征的伊丽莎白女王，传达了正在兴起的清教主义的严峻的道德观，并且出之以优美而多变的韵文，使得斯宾塞不仅独步当时诗坛，而且成为後世讲究诗艺的作家所仰慕的“诗人的诗人。
英国文学方面的论文范文大全
英国文学方面的论文范文大全英美文学课作为英语专业高年级学生的专业必修课,在教学计划中占有举足轻重的地位。
下文是店铺为大家整理的关于英国文学方面的论文范文大全的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!英国文学方面的论文范文大全篇1浅论英美文学与英语阅读教学一.英美文学在高中英语阅读教学上的课程定位(一)英美文学的阅读教学要求《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》(以下简称《课标》)指出，高中学生学习外语可以促进心智、情感、态度与价值观的发展和综合人文素养的提高。
程爱民(2002：17)认为：“英美文学课的首要目的在于培养学生对英美文学的兴趣，提升学生的文化修养和人文素质，而不仅仅是去提高学生的欣赏水平或是英语水平”。
这很适用于高中阶段的广大英语学习者。
因此，在高中阶段，一方面，教师从英语教学方面扩大学生接触异国文化的范围，帮助学生拓展视野。
课堂中渗透英美文学不但能促进高中英语教学，而且能切实提高学生的文学素养，培养其多元文化意识，降低跨文化交际的焦虑。
另一方面，英美文学作品是英美社会文化中的精华部分，学生接触到这些作品时，首先大量生动、优美的语句和地道的语言表达为学生提供了原汁原味的英语语料，在一定量的语言“输入”之后，学生的英语水平会在潜移默化中得到提高。
(二)高中学生的自身发展需求英国心理学家Botzlar在谈到培养学生学习兴趣的问题时说：“要不断刺激孩子的好奇心和求知欲。
”虽然在高考的压力下，学生早已厌倦了无休止的语法灌输和乏味的填鸭式教学，但是当代的高中生，他们对新鲜事物依然充满好奇，内心感情丰富，对新知识的学习拥有很强的接收能力。
事实上，笔者在实际的教学操作过程中深刻地体会到学生对获知英美文学的强烈渴望，他们尤其喜爱原版小说，学生要求教师在课堂上穿插讲解英美文学的相关知识。
他们希望在阅读、欣赏英美文学的过程中，个人的精神世界也得到极大丰富。
因此，英语课堂教学除了主要围绕考点知识的传授和解题方法的训练，英美文学的阅读教学渗透，更有利于培养有独立意识的学生个体，更有利于学生形成健康的审美观、正确的人生观和价值观。
【英国文学毕业论文】 英国文学论文2000字
【英国文学毕业论文】英国文学论文2000字英国文学源远流长，经历了长期、复杂的发展演变过程。
关于英国文学的毕业论文是怎样的?下面是小编整理的英国文学毕业论文，仅供参考。
英国文学毕业论文【1】浅析英美文学课边缘化成因及其对策摘要：英美文学课是为英语专业高年级学生开设的课程，对于提升学生的文学修养有着不可替代的作用。
在当前的教学实践中，英美文学课出现了诸多问题，并陷入了窘境。
本文拟从文学课边缘化的成因入手，全面剖析教师、学生及课本等几方面原因，并根据笔者的教学经验，提出切实可行的解决问题的策略。
关键词：英美文学;边缘化;原因;对策阅读文学作品不但可以提升一个人的文化修养，更可以启迪精神、净化灵魂。
对于英语专业的毕业生来说，文学作为一种资源和财富，最起码的文学修养是有必要的。
尽管2000年《高等学校英语专业教学大纲》中明确指出“文学课程的目的在于培养学生阅读、欣赏、理解英语文学原著的能力，掌握文学批评的基本知识和方法，通过阅读和分析英美文学作品，促进学生语言基本功和人文素质的提高，增强学生对西方文学及文化的了解”。
然而，在近些年的教学实践中，英美文学课却陷入了一些困境，文学课已出现逐渐地被边缘化趋向，已经引起了很多教育人士的担忧。
本文试从自身教学经历来探讨文学课边缘化的成因及解决方法。
一、英美文学课教学存在的问题造成英美文学课边缘化的原因可以从教育体制、教师、学生和教材等方面来探究。
1.教育结构失衡尽管2000年《高等学校英语专业教学大纲》将英美文学课划为专业知识课，并规定在英语专业三四年级开设英美文学课，但是在实际教学过程中，文学课已被边缘化。
“从主干课、必修课沦落到选修课、讲座课;从二十人的小班、讨论式上课改为两三百人的、讲座式的大课堂;从两个学年的课程‘浓缩’到一个学期。
对该课程的要求也随之放宽”。
[3]在教学实践环节，文学课已从主干课变成服务型课程，居于次要的位置。
有关英国文学论文
有关英国文学论文英国文学展现了作家内心的艺术世界,文学实质就是一种语言文字艺术。
下文是店铺为大家整理的有关英国文学论文的范文，欢迎大家阅读参考!有关英国文学论文篇1浅谈英国浪漫主义文学浪漫主义起源于中世纪法语中的Romance(意思是“传奇”或“小说”)一词,“罗曼蒂克”一词也由此音译而来。
浪漫主义宗旨与“理”相对立,主要特征注重个人感情的表达,形式较少拘束且自由奔放。
作为创作方法和风格,浪漫主义在表现形式上,强调主观与主体性,侧重表现理想世界,把情感和想象提到创作的首位,常用热情奔放的语言、超越现实的想象和夸张的手法塑造理想中的形象。
而以浪漫主义为基础发展起来的浪漫主义文学也因此具有其独特的艺术风格,在文学历史的长河中是一颗璀璨的明珠。
浪漫主义思潮发展得最完备,最规范,最有成就的当推英国。
英国的浪漫主义文学与其他国家相比,有其无可比拟的光彩和风韵,以独特性、多样性和活力性为特征的英国浪漫主义文学对于世界浪漫主义文学的发展和进步真可谓是功不可没。
近代的文学家,历史学家和学者都热衷于英国浪漫主义文学的研究和探索,对其发展和起源以及特点做了相当完善的了解。
一. 英国浪漫主义文学的发展和起源英国的浪漫主义文学开始于18世纪中后期,是由18世纪末和19世纪初欧洲的社会政治状况决定的。
同时18世纪英国的伤感主义文学、哥特式小说以及德国狂飙突进文学,都推崇主观情感,为浪漫主义文学的出现提供了条件。
而康德哲学的“唯心主义哲学”,费希德的“唯我论”赞扬了人的主观作用,也为浪漫主义文学的主观色彩和个人主义奠定了哲学基础。
英国的浪漫主义文学在发展历程中出现过两次高潮。
第一次是在1805年左右,这一时期是英国的湖畔派诗人创作的高峰期,最重要的代表是华兹华斯, 威廉·华兹华斯是英国19世纪著名的浪漫主义诗人,他在英国文学史上的地位仅次于莎士比亚和弥尔顿,在所有浪漫主义诗人当中,其诗歌的哲理沉思色彩是最浓重的。
英国文学史论文2100字_英国文学史毕业论文范文模板
英国文学史论文2100字_英国文学史毕业论文范文模板英国文学史论文2100字(一)：“雨课堂”在“英国文学史及选读”课程教学中的应用论文【摘要】本文分析了现阶段“英国文学史及选读”课程教学现状，特别是传统教学方法的局限和问题，结合教学实践，总结了“雨课堂”在课程教学中的应用。
【关键词】雨课堂；英国文学史及选读；智慧教学一、“英国文学史及选读”教学现状2018年初教育部颁布的《外国语言文学类教学质量国家标准》中明确规定外语类专业学生应具备文学赏析能力，专业知识课程包括外国文学。
胡文仲先生曾说：“在外语教学中，文学作品往往是能够最生动、具体、深入、全面地提高学生文化素养的材料。
从这个角度看，可以说没有其他任何材料可以替代文学作品。
”随着本科专业必修课课时的缩减，许多学校对文学课尽量给其他应用课程让道，或将文学史与作品选读整合在一起。
在西南石油大学，“英国文学史及选读”仅有40学时。
“英国文学史及选读”目的在于培养学生阅读、理解及欣赏英语文学原著的能力，掌握基本文学常识，掌握文学批评的基本知识和基本方法，通过对文学作品阅读和分析，加强学生语言运用能力，同时提高人文素质。
但由于该课程内容涵盖广（从古英语到近现代英国文学），传统教学采用以讲授为主的教学模式下，“英国文学史及选读”课程教学面临着许多挑战。
有限课堂时间几乎只能让教师快速按照时间脉络介绍各时期文学概况，不足以深入文学文本；作品选读成了精读或故事梗概介绍，很少或基本不涉及到文学批评或欣赏，教学效果较差；学生对课外阅读的兴趣不大，或由于满篇的生单词产生畏难情绪；由于上课信息量大，老师讲课速度快，学生只有埋头抄笔记应付最后的考试，学习效果差；授课过程中；课后练习缺乏实效性，教师无法及时了解学生掌握情况。
二、“雨课堂”在“英国文学史及选读”课程中的应用“雨课堂”是由清华大学在线教育办公室组织研发的推动混合式教学，形成性评价，多通道互动的教学利器，将教学工具巧妙融入PowerPoint与微信全景式采集数据，驱动教学探微。
外国文学史期中论文
外国文学史期中论文一、试论述莫里哀喜剧艺术的特点莫里哀的喜剧不仅仅是优秀的文学作品，更是一道划破黑暗的闪电，撕裂了夜空并以一种无往不前的气势呼唤黎明的到来。
莫里哀生活在资产阶级初步兴起、封建统治日益衰败的文艺复兴时代。
他出身商人家庭却喜爱戏剧创作和表演，身为贵族却更亲近平民。
由于个人志向的缘故，莫里哀不仅负债累累更是居无定所，流浪多年。
然而，正是这数年的流浪生涯使莫里哀更进一步的了解了人民的生活和艺术趣味，熟悉了法国社会，从而确立了他对贵族和教会的批判态度。
莫里哀的喜剧创作基本可以说是他本人生活感受和社会历程的表现，他以喜剧的眼光看待自己的生活，用自己的悲惨让众人欢笑，直接的描绘现实，笔触间满是强烈的战斗精神。
他同情劳动人民，笔锋所向，揭露的是昏庸腐朽的贵族，坑蒙拐骗的教士，附庸风雅的资产阶级和利欲熏心的高利贷者等等剥削阶级的丑恶形象。
《伪君子》将矛头直指教会的欺骗与伪善行为；《堂璜》指出了贵族光鲜表象下的腐朽本质；《吝啬鬼》讽刺了资产阶级贪财如命的劣性；《乔治·唐丹》则揭露了资产阶级向上爬的虚荣心理。
综述莫里哀的喜剧，可以总结出莫里哀喜剧的艺术特点有四点：一、成功的间接描写在莫里哀喜剧的代表作《伪君子》中，中心人物达尔丢夫在前半部分并未出场，然而剧中奥尔恭家的种种矛盾都是围绕他发生的。
作者通过不同的矛盾侧面勾勒了达尔丢夫的基本形象，刻画出了他的伪善面，有一种“未见其人，先闻其声”的效果，使他的性格先一步他的形象深入人心，栩栩如生。
二、结构严谨，情节曲折，层次分明，戏剧矛盾冲突尖锐而又不失合理性作者巧妙的以达尔丢夫这个人物为戏剧结构中心，通过他种种伪善行径将全剧贯穿为一个有机整体，并通过侧面描画使剧情安排更合理，矛盾冲突更尖锐集中，结构也更加严谨精巧。
通过剧中人物的愚昧行径所引发的的嘲笑，批判、讽刺并揶揄了封建宗教的精神统治和封建贵族的愚昧腐朽，揭露了一个个沉甸甸的残酷现实。
三、表现手法严谨而灵活，戏剧技巧及语言风格多样莫里哀在基本遵循古典主义的创作法则时，又常常喜欢突破古典主义的清规戒律，表现更多的现实主义倾向并以高超的技巧掌握“三一律”的法则，在有限的空间里展开情节，塑造人物并表达主题。
英国文学论文优秀范文
英国文学论文优秀范文英国文学论文优秀范文篇1浅论人文精神与英国文学素质教育和人文精神的塑造已成为一个广为接受的概念。
然而,人们对如何在具体教学过程中实施素质教育、塑造人文精神却持有不同观点。
英美文学等文学课程是使英语学科有别于其他学科的专业知识课程,所以应给予足够重视并使之成为素质教育和人文精神塑造的重要组成部分。
人文精神英国文学素质教从莎士比亚说起英国文学从发生、发展到今天已有千余年的时间,取得了辉煌的成就,对世界文学尤其是世界英语文学产生了持久、深刻的影响。
这期间先后出现的有名有姓的作家数百上千,创作的作品更是卷帙浩繁。
就作家在文学史上的地位和影响而言,学习英国文学最躲不开的作家就是威廉莎士比亚。
莎士比亚是一个世界级文化名人,对英国文学以及世界文学均产生了深刻的影响。
他是一位人文主义作家,阅读和理解莎士比亚的关键是把握和领会其作品里的人文主义思想和精神。
人文主义是欧洲文艺复兴时期所形成的思想体系,也可以说是文艺复兴运动的精髓。
它强调人的独立意识和主体意识,宣扬个性解放,主张人们应重视现世而不是来生,是对禁锢欧洲思想达千年之久的宗教神学体系和僵化腐败的封建制度的有力反拨。
莎士比亚以其精湛的艺术手法塑造了一系列个性鲜明的人物形象,展现了封建制度和资本主义制度交替时期波澜壮阔的历史画卷。
他赞扬人的美德,歌颂爱情、友谊和忠诚,鞭挞昏聩的君主和奸邪的小人。
在莎士比亚身后的近四个世纪以来,他的声誉日隆,世界各国学者研究其作品和生平事迹的专著和论文可谓汗牛充栋。
有学者曾说,如果没有莎士比亚,整个英国文学乃至世界文学都会呈现出一番不同的面貌。
17～20世纪英国文学的代表人物17世纪英国文学的一个重点和难点是约翰弥尔顿。
弥尔顿早期积极投身于英国的资产阶级革命,以其犀利的笔锋和雄辩的才能为革命立下了汗马功劳。
他的主要文学作品《失乐园》、《复乐园》和《力士参孙》都是在其双目失明以后在极其艰难的条件下创作的。
说他是个重点是指其在英国文学史上的重要地位而言的;说他是个难点是因为其主要作品的题材均取自《圣经》,与宗教的关系非常紧密,加之语言艰深,思辨曲折,令一般读者望而却步。
英国文学方面的参考论文例文
英国文学方面的参考论文例文英美文学从诞生之日起,就在不断的发展之中,具有较高的艺术成就。
下文是店铺为大家整理的关于英国文学方面的参考论文例文的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!英国文学方面的参考论文例文篇1论英美文学中典故的英汉翻译摘要：典故作为一种特殊的语言形式，承载了丰富的历史文化遗产，具有浓厚的民族色彩.文章从基本对应，部分对应和不对应三个方面论述了英汉典故的对应关系。
从而得出英语典故翻译的具体原则和方法。
关键词：典故;差异;对应关系典故在英美文学中出现的频率极高。
在给文学语言增加亮丽色彩的同时，也形成了语言翻译的一道特殊障碍。
典故(Allusion)，指诗文中利用神话，寓言，传说，历史故事或历史名人的词语构成的语句。
一、英汉典故的对应情况英汉典故主要来源于神话故事、寓言故事、《圣经》、文学作品莎士比亚戏剧及一些民间文学。
典故有如此多的差异，能否互译两种语言，典故间的对应情况值得注意。
英汉典故在文化内涵方面可分为基本对应，部分对应和不对应三个方面：1 基本对应指英语典故与对应的汉语典故的意义和用法上都基本一致，有可能互译，基本对应不是对等，两者仍有差异，但总的说还可以互译。
例如：burn one’s boat与“破釜沉舟” burn one’s boat来源：古时候从海路入侵外国的将军，到达彼岸后把他的船只弄上沙滩，放火烧掉，以此向士兵指明后路已断，不可能退却。
“破釜沉舟”出自《史记项羽本纪》项羽乃悉引兵渡河，皆沉船，破釜甑，烧庐舍，持三日粮，以示士卒必死，无一还。
这两个典故不仅形象寓意相似，人们还认为他们的典故也相同。
2 部分对应指英语典故在意义上或用法上与汉语典故有不一致的地方，但仍存在共同点，所以说两者只是部分对应，在某些情况下仍可以互译，翻译时要根据上下文灵活运用。
例如： the touch of Midas与“点铁成金” the touch of Midas出自希腊神话：酒神巴克科斯(Bacchus)报答弗利治亚(Phrygia)国王迈达斯(Mides)赋予他神力可以把接触的东西变成金子，他接触到的食物和他的女儿都变成了金子，他害怕了，只好求巴克科斯解除他这种神力。
英国文学论文
Analysis of Shylock in William Shakespeare’s The Merchantof Venice中文摘要《威尼斯商人》是莎士比亚著名喜剧之一，而剧中的夏洛克更是剧中一个重要人物，他被人们一次次的分析。
以前，人们认为夏洛克贪婪、自私、残酷、狡猾。
但是随着时间的发展，人们开始重新认识夏洛克，发现夏洛克还有一些以前没被人们发现的特征：聪明、坦诚、勇敢，这些特征慢慢地被人们发现。
关键词夏洛克, 贪婪, 法律AbstractThe Merchant of Venice is one of Shakespeare’s most famous comedy in the world. While Shylock is an important role in it and he has been analyzed many times. Before, many people think Shylock was a greedy, selfish and cruel man. But as times goes by, people begin to re-analyze Shylock. They also found Shylock has other characters which was not discovered before and gradually accepted now, such as: clever, frank, courageous.Keywords Shylock, greed, tragedy1 IntroductionShylock is a controversial person in people’s mind, also, he plays a important role in The Merchant of Venice .When we finish read this novel, he must impress us deeply. Then this paper will analyze Shylock’s character detailedly.2 An Analysis of S hylock’s CharactersAs we know, Shakespeare is a master no matter past or now and Shylock’s image is fresh forever as other classical figures. People read it, consider it again and again. Following, it is my opinion about Shylock.2.1 Hateful ShylockBefore, especially in 16th century, this drama was a comedy no matter from which side, because three pairs of lovers have perfect results. But Shylock as an evildoer has been punished. In the era of racial discrimination, Shylock’s final result, without do ubt, it’s a good thing for clapping and cheering. While the words which describe Shylock are disdainful: greed, cunning, cruel and so on.He hates Antonio obviously, and wants to revenge by chance, so he signs the contract which he will cut a pound of A ntonio’s meat if he could not return money on time. This will kill Antonio possibly and solve the problem about which he always worried. But he artfully said “I say, to buy his favor, I extend this friendship: If he will take it, so; if not, adieu; for my love, I pray you wrong me not”. Certainly, people think the worst place was that he crows over Antonio’s ship were sunk, people persuaded him, but he said “Gaoler, look to him: tell me of mercy; This the fool that lent out money gratis”. When Bassanio want s to return him two, three times money, he refuses and insists on carrying out the contract.2.2 Different Shylock – from another angleIn the whole drama, Shylock was the most frank man. He never mask his greed. I think it is only the respect to the contract, but also the expression of national spirit that the oppressed fight against the Christians. At the same time, he had encourage to face the failure and the misfortune, he could defy power, insist on settling the problem by law. Although he failed, he didn’t ask for something, for Portia’s intercede, he said“Nay, take my life and all; Pardon not that”. Faced with the final result of loss freedom of belief, he said nothing and agreed to sign.In addition, Shylock was the most pitiful man. He loves his daughter, but she leaves him, and takes away lots of money. His only souvenir—turquoise, this is the present sent by his sweet wife when they had not married, but his daughter uses it to trade a wild monkey. Shylock was originally very confident to win the lawsuit, but lost finally, and lost all the money and forced to change his religion.ConclusionThe Merchant of Venice is one of the most famous comedy in the world, but when we think of Shylock, we have to say it is a tragedy. While we are pleasant for three couples of lover, we certainly remembered that an old, sympathetic man walk in the street. Everything has its own reason, if people must say he was selfish, cruel, first, they have to know its background and social condition in that time, and then, I’ll tell you Shylock is pity, clever, courageous, tough, frank, rich national spirit, and I have reasons to say that.References[1] Shakespeare, William.The Merchant of Venice[M]. 中国广播电视出版社,2001[2] Shapiro, James. Shakespeare and the Jews[M] . New York: Columbia University,1978[3] 刘亚萍,2008,重新解读夏洛克,《新西部（文史纵横）》,第14期,109.。
英国文学方面的毕业论文优秀范文
英国文学方面的毕业论文优秀范文文学艺术关乎着人生的终极意义，文学作品是我们人类外化的生命。
下文是店铺为大家整理的关于英国文学方面的毕业论文优秀范文的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!英国文学方面的毕业论文优秀范文篇1浅谈英美文学作品中模糊语言的翻译方式1、英美文学作品中的模糊性模糊性是大多数语言所具有的内在属性，模糊语言在我们的语言交流中是不可避免的。
罗素在1923年写的一篇有名的论文《论模糊性》中指出：“整个语言或多或少是模糊的”。
汪培庄为伍铁平所著《模糊语言学》所做序中开宗明义地指出：“模糊性是非人工语言的本质属性，因而是语言学所不能回避的对象。
”文学作为一种语言艺术。
其重要的特点就在于形象性。
基本上大多数读者都是通过在脑海里的再造想象欣赏文学作品的，这种再造想象的特征之一就是模糊语言。
也正是这种模糊语言的使用，极大程度上拓展了读者的视野和想象空间，也彰显了文字的魅力。
典型的一段如莎士比亚在《王子复仇记》中一句“to be，or not to be”短短几个词引起了读者无限的遐想和解读，同时也让这句话获得了旺盛的生命力。
2、英美文学作品中模糊语言的翻译方式翻译就好像婚姻一样，它是一种互相妥协的文字艺术。
同样的语言翻译也是拥有不同语言以及不同文化背景的人跨文化交流的一种手段。
优秀的语言翻译带来的是成功的交流，而劣质的翻译也会导致误解。
在这样重要的情况下，翻译就会显得异常重要，面对不同的语言，翻译者就需要采取恰如其分的翻译方式，以实现不同语言的信息成功传递。
从某种程度上说，成功的文学翻译也是对原著作者精神的模糊转达。
2.1、符合原文精神文章翻译的首要方法就是以对应的形式再现原文的模糊语言美感。
比如杰克·伦敦的《马丁·伊登》卷首引诗：Let me live out my years in heat of blood/ Let me lie drunken with the dreamer’s wine/ Let me not see this soul-house built of mud/ Go toppling to the dust a vacant shrine! (让我在热血沸腾中度此一生! /让我在醇酒般的梦幻里醉沉!/莫使我眼见这泥塑的肉身，/终以空虚的躯壳毁于泥尘!) 译文里面的语言就是诗歌创作中形象与模糊思维互相交感的出品，翻译可谓是恰如其分，不但精确化，还模糊化，文章美感仍在。
英国文学方面的论文
英国文学方面的论文浅论英美文学在英语专业教学中的地位一、文学是人文理想教育的源泉英国十九世纪的红衣主教纽曼认为，大学教育目的是发展人的理智，大学的真正使命是培养良好的社会公民，并随之带来社会的和谐发展。
他反对在大学里进行狭隘的专业教育，大学应以培养集智慧、勇敢、宽容、修养等于一体的自由教育为主旨。
因此大学必须加强人文教育，“人文教育的重要组成部分有文学教学，文学教学的精髓是发扬人文精神，惟有搞好文学教学才称得上踏踏实实地谈人文理想的教育”。
文学不仅仅是历史事件、人物介绍和数字年代之类的事实，文学是人类心灵的体验。
大学生应被引入文学世界而不是做外界的观察者。
大学生正处于世界观和人生观的形成时期，他们对社会、对人生的看法往往不成熟。
对于大学生人文素质的提高，文学是宝贵财富。
英美文学素质是构成提高素质英语人才的重要因素。
文学是透视人类社会的窗户，通过这扇窗户，学生可以了解一个社会、一个民族的风土人情、生活习性、价值观念以及社会变迁等。
了解他国的社会变迁可以启发学生反思自己的社会生活、思想动态、精神面貌等诸多方面，从而加强文化修养，开拓视野，陶冶情操，塑造完美人格，提高学生独立思考能力。
《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》有关文学课程的培养目标中写道：文学课程的目的在于培养学生阅读、欣赏、理解英语文学原著的能力，掌握文学批评的基本知识和方法。
通过阅读和分析英美文学作品，促进学生语言基本功和人文素质的提高，增强学生对西方文学及文化的了解......。
通过阅读英美文学作品，学生们可以体察到人类对平等自由、幸福生活的向往以及为之奋斗的艰苦历程，也可以领略到历史上无数次的战争给人类带来的巨大灾难，体验世界人民对人类命运的关切。
在阅读作品时，学生们仿佛在和那些具有丰富思想的作家们面对面地交谈，了解他们的思想他们对世界和人生的看法，以及他们与众不同的经历。
在这丰富的文学世界里，学生的人生观和价值观会得到锤炼和升华。
因此，文学对于学生完善自我，提高素质，接受外来优秀文化，弘扬中华民族优秀传统文化方面有着重要的意义。
关于英国文学方面的论文范文
关于英国文学方面的论文范文篇1浅析文化差异对英美文学评论的影响英美文学在世界文坛中占据着重要的地位，影响英美文学评论的因素有很多，如社会文化环境、评论者个人的兴趣爱好等，其中文化差异是影响英美文学评论的重要因素。
把握好文化差异对英美文学的影响，才能够帮助读者在阅读英美文学时进行更准确的理解。
一、英美文学的发展历史(一)英国文学的发展历史英国是一个历史悠久的国家，其历史和社会文化等方面都对英国文学产生了很大的影响。
从中古世纪开始，英国文学就经历了英语文学和中古英语文学阶段。
到了16世纪，随着英国国力的逐渐增强，人民的民族英雄主义也空前高涨，英国文学开始进入文艺复兴时期，许多优秀的文学家都出现在这一时期，如莎士比亚、萨里、斯宾塞等。
17世纪的英国文学主要由玄学派和骑士派组成，玄学派主要指的是作者的怀疑和信念相互交替的观念，骑士派主要指的是文学中末世的浪漫色彩。
18世纪的英国主要推崇的是新古典主义。
19世纪初期，英国浪漫主义文学开始形成，英国文学进入了一个辉煌的时代，拜伦、雪莱等作家更是将英国浪漫主义文学推向更加广阔的境界。
到了19世纪末期，英国文学的题材也随着社会的进步而逐渐扩展开来，开始涉及到科学幻想、婚姻问题等各个方面。
进入20世纪以后，爱尔兰文艺复兴和现代主义使英国文学巩固了在世界文学中的地位。
(二)XX文学的发展历史与历史悠久的英国文学相比，XX文学发展历史很短，而且XX的多民族特点，有许多来自各个国家的移民，导致了XX 文学更加复杂和多样。
XX文学早期发展大多是以英国文学为依据进行模仿，一直到19世纪末，XX文学才开始逐渐形成自己独有的文学特点。
20世纪开始，随着XX综合国力的不断增强，出现了许多著名的文学作家，XX文学也开始达到了繁荣时期。
在此之后，XX文学发展迅速，很快便在世界文学中占有了一席之地。
第二次世界大战后，随着多元文化的发展，XX 的新旧文学也展开了激烈的斗争，XX的文学也更加多元化。
英国文学类论文例文
英国文学类论文例文英国文学是我国高等院校英语本科专业的一门专业必修课程。
下文是店铺为大家整理的关于英国文学类论文例文的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!英国文学类论文例文篇1浅析英国茶文化与英国文学1848年，东印度公司皇家植物园温室部主管罗伯特·福琼来到中国，他将茶树种子放入一个用特殊玻璃制成的便携式保温箱中，偷偷地带上了从中国开往印度的轮船，由此千万株以上的茶树苗在印度生根发芽，继而形成了大规模的茶园。
茶叶传入欧洲后，并没有像咖啡和可可那样受到过多的欢迎，直到它进入远离欧洲大陆的英伦三岛，竟然奇迹地掀起了饮茶的风尚，并由此产生了世界茶文化的一枝奇葩——英国的茶文化[1]。
一、英国茶文化的主要内容英语中有Teatime一词，指的就是占据英国人l/3生命的饮茶时间。
英式红茶更是以名目繁多、内容丰富闻名于世，其主要的内容包括：1.英式早茶英国人在晨起时要饮“早茶”，又名“开眼茶”，即Earlymorning Tea，有时在早茶之前还会有“床头茶”，即清晨一睁眼靠在床头就能享受的茶。
而早茶主要是以红茶为主要饮料，是英国当家招牌茶的重要内容之一，它集浓郁和清新于一体，色泽和口感都相当出色。
正统的早茶要精选阿萨姆、锡兰、肯尼亚等地红茶调制而成，因此早餐茶的口感来自锡兰、浓度来自阿萨姆、色泽来自肯尼亚[2]，可见英国人的早茶还是相当讲究的，最适合早上起床后饮用。
2.英式上午茶这是最不为外人所知的英国饮茶习惯，又称为“公休茶”，大约持续20分钟。
英国人在上午1l点(亚洲时间上午10点左右)，无论是空暇在家享受生活的贵族还是忙碌奔波的上班一族，都要在这一时间休息一会儿，喝一杯茶，他们称之为elevens，即早上十一点时的便餐，所以上午茶可以看成是英国人工作间隙的一种很好的调剂方式[3]。
总体说来，上午茶由于客观条件的约束，不可能很繁杂，所以成为英国茶中最简单的部分。
3.英式下午茶英文名称Afternoon Tea，这其实才是真正意义英国茶文化载体，英国茶正是凭借其内涵丰富、形式优雅的“英式下午茶”——红茶文化享誉世界，“英式下午茶”更是成为英国人典雅生活的象征。
英国文学论文——傲慢与偏见
Book Report on Pride and PrejudiceAbstract: Jane Austen (1775-1817), whose novels are highly prized not only for light irony, humor, and depiction of contemporary English country life, but also for their underlying serious qualities. Pride and Prejudice has shaped Elizabeth, an intelligent, quick-witted, sensible and brave female image.Key words: summary; Elizabeth; character; writing stylePride and Prejudice is one of the most popular novels of Jane Austen, whose works of romantic fiction have earned her a place as one of the most widely read and most beloved writers in English literature. And no doubt her Pride and Prejudice is a shining pearl be cherished forever.The novel is about the Bennet family and set in 18th century England. The Bennet family consists of Mr. and Mrs. Bennet and their five unmarried daughters. At that time, we know that a poor woman must marry a wealthy husband to have luxurious lives. That’s why Mrs. Bennet is so excited about the coming of Mr. Bingley, a wealthy young gentleman. To help all her daughters get married is the most important thing of her life.Elizabeth is the second daughter in the Bennet family, and Mr. Darcy is unpopular because of his extremely aloof and proud attitude and is generally thought to be very disagreeable. This two is the main part of the novel. However, Darcy finds he has been attracted not only by Elizabeth’s physical beauty, but also by her sharp intelligence and witty observations gradually. He proposes marriage to her but isrefused. Later Elizabeth finds how foolish she was when she knew the truth about everything Darcy did for her family. The series of events which they both experience give them the opportunities to understand one another and the time to reconcile their feelings for each other, for the pride and prejudice. Finally, they are together.Throughout the book, I love Elizabeth most. She is outstanding and totally different from other women around her. She dares to speak as well as act. In addition, no flattering to the rich. She is like a red rose, beautiful with throne. Actually she is the main heroine in the novel. Sensible, intelligent, humorous, has sharp mind and her own mind. From the beginning of the novel, we know that Mr. Bennet adores his Elizabeth more, because “she has something more of quickness than her sisters”. Though she is young and having been confined in the rural society, Elizabeth always has deep insight and watch things from her knowledge, which makes her distinctive. Also we cannot neglect her conversations are full of wit and humor. Her language is very concise and penetrating, especially in her dialogues with Darcy. It’s interesting to read their talks, which is like a “battle”but in a wit and intelligent way. Here is a description:"Oh!" said she, "I heard you before; but I could not immediately determinewhat to say in reply. You wanted me, I know, to say "Yes," that you mighthave the pleasure of despising my taste; but I always delight inoverthrowing those kind of schemes, and cheating a person of theirpremeditated contempt. I have therefore made up my mind to tell you that Ido not want to dance a reel at all -- and now despise me if you dare."This passage perfectly demonstrates Elizabeth is quick-witted and sensible. Her sense and skillful words come from her ability to use knowledge as well as her self-confidence. It is the inner beauty of Elizabeth that has attracted Darcy rather than her appearance.She is definitely brave and believes in love, she want to find a man she really loves. It is a precious character of Elizabeth I appreciate. She is determined and strong-minded, and she will do anything she thinks right rather than do everything according to social norms. She shows her mock towards some social rules. When Mr. Collins tells Elizabeth he wants to marry her so that she can take possession of her father’s legacies, and it’s good for both sides. Without hesitating, Elizabeth refuses him immediately. It’s beyond imagination at that time, especially under the pressure of her mother and the family house. I think the strongest rebellion Elizabeth has made against the social custom is that she marries Darcy despite that her family background is inferior to Darcy’s. Elizabeth and Darcy’s marriage is not admitted by the social norms. When Catherine comes to Elizabeth’s home to blame her for the engagement with her nephew Darcy, she is brave enough to negotiate with her. In the hierarchical society, she does not feel inferior. Instead, she is confidant and brilliant. We know in Jane Austen’s soc iety, obedience is supposed to be the most important virtue of a woman. In a male-dominating society, women are supposed to behave like Jane in Pride and Prejudice, who is gentle, mild, pleasing and obedient. Women are imprisoned and constrained by the dominant ideologies of womanhood, and they are restrained in expressing their passion or telling the feelings about their experience.Men do not want women to have independent characters, because once women become spirit-independent and powerful, they will threat the social structure in which men are masters of everything.Jane Austen’s capability of writing subtle discrimination and her shrewd perceptiveness are showed in Pride and Prejudice; she is able to convey such a complex message using a simple and witty style. The e first sentence of the novel: "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife." In this statement, Austen has declared that the main subject of the novel will be courtship and marriage, and then she has established the humorous tone of the novel by taking a simple subject and she has told the reader that in the novel, either a husband in search of a wife, or a woman in pursuit of a husband. And the sentence also defines Austen's book as a piece of literature that connects itself to the 18th century period. Pride and Prejudice is 18th century because of the emphasis on man in his social environment rather than in his individual conditions. The use of satire and wit is a common form of 18th century literature, also make it belongs to18th century.Jane Austen’s writing is from the experience of her own life, so she can describe a picture of life of her time vividly with her forceful insight and gentle wit. She is skillful in the interesting plot and quick-witted language of the novel, she also presents her attitude toward the society which seriously discriminates against women. Her attitude is ironic and critical. Elizabeth represents her to revolt against the tradition and convention, so we must aware that Jane Austen is one of thechallengers of the male dominant tradition in the awakening of feminist consciousness.Works Cited:Edward Corpland & Juliet Mcmaster, The Cambridge Companion to Jane Austen, 上海：Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2001.Susan M. Shaw and Janet Lee, Women’s V oices, Feminist Visions, California: Mayfield Publishing Company, 2001.。
英语专业文学论文范文3篇
英语专业⽂学论⽂范⽂3篇英语专业英美⽂学论⽂⼀、注重培养⽂学鉴赏能⼒、审美能⼒以及⽂学研究能⼒，即“三个培养”。
1)⽂学鉴赏能⼒。
⽂学鉴赏是基于领会⽂学作品所包含的思想内容的⼀种审美活动。
⽂本理解是鉴赏的前提，鉴赏是理解的必然要求。
学习英美⽂学，不能只停留在理解阶段，必须把培养学⽣的⽂学鉴赏能⼒作为重要教学⽬标。
在英美⽂学课堂，培养学⽣的⽂学鉴赏能⼒主要注意三点:⼀是要敦促学⽣⼴泛阅读，⼴闻博见，在此基础上摄取录制。
⼆是要勤于思考，充分想象。
⽂学作品的鉴赏，必须经历想象创造的过程。
最后⼀点是学⽣要对作品产⽣真实感悟。
读者只有和作者⼼息相通，才能唤起内⼼对真善美的向往，将读书升华为灵魂之间的交流，这才是读书的最⾼境界。
2)审美能⼒。
⽂学作品具有认识作⽤、教育作⽤和审美作⽤三⼤功能。
在英美⽂学课堂培养学⽣的审美能⼒要坚持“⼀个中⼼，两个基本点”。
“⼀个中⼼”即以阅读原汁原味的英语⽂本为中⼼。
⽆论⽂本难易与否，都要要求学⽣坚持读下去，不能半途⽽废。
“两个基本点”即在“⼀个中⼼”的基础上引导学⽣发现作品形式上基本的艺术美以及内容上的基本的⾃然美、社会美以及⽣活美等。
经典的英美⽂学作品皆为英美名家的杰作，教师应教会学⽣去发现、模仿⽂本中的⾳韵美、修辞美、⽂体美以及⽂本意外的思想美、⽣活美等。
总之，“美”是⽂学艺术的最⾼境界。
审美能⼒的培养是⽂学课程的重要任务之⼀。
在英美⽂学课教学中，我们不仅要使学⽣通过学习，提⾼对于英语语⾔和⽂化的认识能⼒，更要积极培养学⽣的审美能⼒，使得英美⽂学课程担负起全⾯提⾼学⽣素质的重任。
3)研究能⼒。
⽂学创作与⽂学研究可谓相依为命。
⽂学作品⼀旦问世，⽂学研究便随即产⽣。
因此在英美⽂学课堂，教师除了要注重培养学⽣的上述能⼒之外，还应注重培养其从事⼀般⽂学研究的能⼒。
郑秀恋、吴俊等⼈的问卷调查结果表明，学⽣在毕业论⽂写作中，选英美⽂学的⼈数最多，分别占30%、39．75%。
这表明，作为⼀个研究⽅向⼤类，英美⽂学研究因容易获取研究资料和研究切⼊点⽽备受学⽣青睐。
英国文学史论文
Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good NightWe often talk about love,but we rarely think about death.As long as human beings are alive,they always make every effort to avoid death.However, it can’t be denied that we have to face death.And the best way to face it is to make your every day count .Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night,a poem in the form of a villanelle written by Dylan Thomas deeply impresses me.How do people treat death？We should let nature take its course or fight against death bravely ?In my opinion,death is not such a terrifying and sad thing,instead ,it is a part of a man’s life.we need to face it bravely and take it as a necessary process in life.Dylan Thomas’s poems show that everyone should face death,fight with it and accept it in the end.In the book Instincts and Their Vicissitudes,Freud Sigmund said:“Instincts is a kind of stimulation to the soul”He divided instincts into two types:life instinct and death instinct,the cooperation and rebellion between both two types lead to the phenomenon of life.and death is the final destination of human beings.In the Dylan Thomas’s poems,the writer calls for fighting with death and meanwhile he also eulogizes death.In his poem And Death Shall No Dominion,the poet writes : Dead men naked they shall be oneWith the man in the wind and the west moon;When their bones are picked clean and the clean bones gone,They shall have stars at elbow and foot;Though they go mad they shall be sane,Though they sink through the sea they shall rise again;Though lovers be lost love shall not;And death shall have no dominion.In this poem, the poet personifies the death and claims that death shall have no dominion,which indicates that the poet’s fearlessness towards death.The word “And”strongly shows the poet’s firm attitude.Dylan Thomas deprecates death and also admits the truth that the death will rise up again .Therefore,that is to say the poet subjectively accept the death .In the poem Fem Hill,the poet writes:And as I was green and carefree,famous among the barns,About the happy yard and singing as the farm was home,In the sun that is young once only,Time let me play and beGolden in the mercy of his means,And green and golden I was huntsmanAnd herdsman, the calvesSang to my horn,the foxes on the hillsBarked clear and cold,And the sabbath rang slowlyIn the pebbles of the holy streams.From this poem, we can imagine that the poet may spend happy time in this place.At that time,he was a carefree child who enjoyed the beautiful nature very much.It also shows the poet’s nostalgia to his hometown and the good memory of his childhood.In other words,the poet’s love of nature also means the return to the essence of life itself.Although the poet still sings songs on his life journey with pain and sadness,but the destination is the road to death.As the professor LiuShouLan once said:the mountains and rivers in the nature are just the counterparts of life in Dylan Thomas’s poems.In the early stage of Dylan Thomas’s poems,the poet has shown the lament to life’s fragility and brevity.However, although the death ends life,the poet never fears it,because he subjectively accept the existence of death and he has the belief to fight against it.The poem Do not go gentle into that good night deeply impresses me.the poet writes:Do not go gentle into that good night,Old age should burn and rave at close of day;Rage,rage against the dying of the light.Though wise men at their end know dark is right,Because their words had forked no lightning theyDo not go gentle into that good night.Good men, the last wave by,crying how brightTheir frail deeds might have danced in a green bay.Rage,rage against the dying of the light.Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight,And learn,too late,they grieved it on its way,Do not go gentle into that good night.Grave men ,near death, who see with blinding sightBlind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay,Rage,rage against the dying of the light.This poem is the poet writing to his father.He wants to encourage his father to fight against the death rather than go gentle into such good night.He uses many figure speeches such as metaphor and repetition to emphasize his strong willing to face death bravely.He describes four kinds of men:wise men,good men,wild men and grave men.the different attitudes and behaviors among the four kinds of men show human beings will all have the day to face death.And the poet calls out:Rage, rage against the dying of the light,do not go gentle into thatgood night.I want to learn more about death, not because I want it，but because I respect life and also respect death. I want to cherish my every day and face death bravely.From Dylan Thomas’s poems, I think a lot and gain a lot.Death is also a part of life that we need to know and learn.Words cite-ZhaoWenRong ,Yunnan Normal University,海外英语2010年04期-天津外国语学院学报2000年01期-语文学刊(外语教育与教学)2010年11期。
英国文学相关论文大全
英国文学相关论文大全英国文学中不乏一些著作,在特定历史背景下,这些著作在故事背后表现出的情感方向也存在差异性。
下文是店铺为大家整理的关于英国文学相关论文下载大全的范文，欢迎大家阅读参考!英国文学相关论文下载大全篇1浅论英国文学中荒岛意象一、引言英国荒岛文学的出现与英国的地理位置以及其殖民发展的历史和其本民族早先形成的资产阶级的冒险精神息息相关。
也正是因为如此，荒岛成为英国文学中重要的意象之一，也是其文学的重要主题。
莎士比亚的《暴风雨》、巴兰坦的《珊瑚岛》、威廉·戈尔丁的《蝇王》这些优秀的文学作品中都主要以荒岛为意象，目的在于揭示在资本主义经济的发展过程中，人与自然的一种冲突，同时试图探索人改造社会以及自然过程中的途径。
二、英国荒岛文学中的母题英国产生了自己独特的荒岛文学并不是偶然的，而是多种因素作用的结果，主要有：(一)人文以及地理环境等因素的影响任何一种文化的形成都有其特定的模式，并且受到多种因素的影响。
英国的荒岛文学的形成也是由其人文。
经济、政治、文化以及地理等因素相互作用形成的。
英国属于典型的岛屿海洋性文化，它位于欧洲的大不列颠诸岛上南面和法国相望，中间隔着多佛海峡和英吉利海峡，这两个海峡是欧洲大部分国家前往大西洋的唯一的路径，正是因为如此使得英伦三岛在世界的海上交通系统中占有中举足轻重的地位，这种独特的地位为作家们文学作品的创作提供了重要的前提基础。
此外，英国率先开始工业革命，经济获得快速发展，其冒险的精神起着重要的作用，这从某种程度上也酝酿了其文学作品中的荒岛母题。
总之，岛屿和海洋一直深深影响着英国文化的形成于发展。
(二)启蒙思想的影响英国所出现的荒岛文学并不只是一两部，而是作为一种现象出现的，丹尼尔·笛福的《鲁滨逊漂流记》、《辛格顿船长》、乔纳森·斯威夫特的《格列佛游记》，以及罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森的《金银岛》在文学史上都是具有重要地位的荒岛文学的代表，这类的文学大多都带有很强的写实性，这类的作品大多都受到了启蒙思想影响。
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An Analysis of the Design of the First Assemblyin Pride and Prejudice[Abstract] In Pride and Prejudice, the first assembly is the stage of the debut of hero, Darcy and the heroine, Elizabeth. Therefore, the design of this assembly, including which part of the assembly should be narrated directly in the description of the assembly, how to do with other things happened during the party, how to shape the characteristics and personality of the two main characters as well as other important role on the assembly, is essentially significant to the character portrait for the whole novel. Mainly employing description of language and technique of comparative description, the plot about this assembly is well-designed as three parts, before, during and after the assembly, which is efficient to the character figuring of the novel. [Keywords] character figuring, design, description of language, comparative descriptionThe novel introduces the first assembly in Chapter 3, using only half of a chapter to directly describe things happened on the party while two other whole chapter to show people’s discussion on it. By the delicate design, vivid language description and useful comparative description, the description of this party is highly efficient to the chapter portrait of this novel.Before the party, Mrs. Bennet’s worry about Mr. Bingley’s going into the town is showed, which totally reveals the purpose of Mrs. Bennet’s participating in the dinner, again echoing the description of Mrs. Bennet’s saying "If I can but see one of my daughters happily settled at Netherfield, and all the others equally well married, I shall have nothing to wish for." (Austen, 2001: 2) at former plot. In the case, the assembly is platform to looking for sweetheart, love and even possible marriage (Yang, 91). At the end of this paragraph, Mr. Bingley’s invitating his sisters and Darcy leads to the appearance of these important characters.For the description of things happened during the party, instead of using scene description to the setting of the ball or psychological description to the participators, language description organized by comparative technique is mainly employed to mould different personality of different participant. First of all, It can be directly seen that the description of Mr. Hurst’s and Mr. Darcy’s first appearance is put in the same paragraph and connected by the conjunction “but”,saying “Mr. Hurst, merely looked the gentleman; but his friend Mr. Darcy soon drew the attention of the room.” (Austen, 2001: 2). Then,people’s evaluations to Mr. Bingley and Mr. Darcy are also presented in comparison made by ladies and gentlemen, and more powerfully demonstrated in the discussion by ladies who “declared he was much handsomer than Mr. Bingley.” (Austen, 2001: 2). Even in introducing Mr. Bingley’s and Mr. Darcy’s primary impression to the guests, comparison is never be forgotten in saying “not all his large estate in Derbyshire could then save him from having a most forbidding, disagreeable countenance, and being unworthy to be compared with his friend.” (Austen, 2001: 3). In this debut of the two main male characters, comparative description from different layers is applied, which enriches their personality, polishes the description and help to model the character in a vivid and objective way with less words (Ai, 1981: 58).Another wonderful utilization of comparative description in the design and narration during the party is the description to the dialogue between Mr. Darcy and Mr. Bingley. The Author uses no any word to describe the setting of the party or even to show other characters on the ball, but apply a large space for the conversation between Mr. Darcy and Mr. Bingley. "Come, Darcy. I must have you dance. I hate to see you standing about by yourself in this stupid manner. You had much better dance." This is Mr. Bingley’s first sentence in the whole novel and Mr. Darcy answered by saying "I certainly shall not. You know how I detest it, unless I am particularly acquainted with my partner. At such an assembly as this, it would be insupportable. Your sisters are engaged, and there is not another woman in the room whom it would not be a punishment to me to stand up with" (Austen, 2001: 3). Analyzing this sentence, It is not difficult to find the intimate friendship between these two gentlemen by observing the diction of Mr. Bingley. He used an imperative sentence at the very beginning, which according to John Searle is a directives showing his attempt to incite Mr. Darcy to a dance with Elizabeth. More importantly, by analyzing the different choice of modals verbs in the conversation, the personality of these two gentlemen can be dissected more clearly. Mr. Bingley, when inciting his friend, used a word “must”, while Mr. Darcy was designed to use words that is more euphemistic, conservative and indirect like “shall”, “would” (Zhang, 2009: 438 ). This may display that Mr. Bingley is more frank and direct while Mr. Darcy still highly mind his words since that it is necessary for him to set a space between him and the people he talked to even faced to his best friend. Further more, Although Mr. Darcy pays particular care to his choice of word, his pride still can not be hided because of hisunkind, harsh and even acerb word in saying "She is tolerable; but not handsome enough to tempt me; and I am in no humour at present to give consequence to young ladies who are slighted by other men. You had better return to your partner and enjoy her smiles, for you are wasting your time with me." when discussing about Elizabeth. Putting their words together in a conversation, the personality of these two men is comprehensively presented.Although the half-chapter direct description to the assembly is quite short, some other needful details of the party are introduced through the conversation in the following two chapters. Designed in this way, the direct description of the ball will become more outstanding and the personality of those main characters, like Mr. Darcy, Mr. Bingley and Elizabeth, will be more impressive because of the only presentation, especially the deep display of the conflict between Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth, of them, thus resulting in a proactive effect. In Chapter Four and Chapter Five, conversation between Mr. and Mrs. Bennet, Elizabeth with Jane and Miss. Lucases with Mrs. Bennet are arranged and there is still a skillful use of comparative description and successful presentation of characters’ language. These three parts employ almost no more other techniques but language description. In the talk between two Bennets, Mr. Bingley and Mr. Darcy are again compared in Mrs. Bnnet’s words to emphasize Mr. Bingley’s good manner and the annoying pride of Mr. Darcy. The talk between Elizabeth and Jane may be mainly used to deepen the characteristic of Elizabeth. In the dialogue, Jane’s words like "I was very much flattered by his asking me to dance a second time. I did not expect such a compliment."(Austen, 2001: 5) reveals her naivete and simplicity of mind while Elizabeth’s words like "Did not you? I did for you. But that is one great difference between us. Compliments always take you by surprise, and me never. What could be more natural than his asking you again? He could not help seeing that you were about five times as pretty as every other women in the room. No thanks to his gallantry for that. Well, he certainly is very agreeable, and I give you leave to like him. You have liked many a stupider person."accounts for her splendid quickness. In the dialogue between Miss. Lucases and Mrs. Bennet, the comparison between Mr. Bingley and Mr. Darcy emerges again. Moreover, by saying "That is very true,and I could easily forgive his pride, if he had notmortified mine." answering the words "His pride does not offend me so much as pride often does, because there is an excuse for it. One cannot wonder that so very fine a young man, with family, fortune, every thing in his favour, should think highly of himself. If I may so express it, he has a right to beproud." uttered by Miss. Lucases, Elizabeth’s characteristics is showed strongly and also reveal one of the key concept that leads to the conflict between Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth, pride. All of these, without other complex techniques, are presented by conversations and comparative descriptions.The design of the first assembly in Pride and Prejudice is special for the different arrange of the length of the description of things happened in the party and after the party and further more, to model the characters in this significant process, accurate words are utilized in the dialogues among different roles, mainly designed in a comparative way. These elements makes the narration of the first assembly brilliant and efficient to the whole fiction.Work CitedAusten, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. [M]. 上海：上海世界图书出版社，2001.艾斐. 山西大学学报. (1981). [J]. /Article/CJFDTotal-SXDD 198101009.htm杨青青. 外国文学. (2007).[J]. /link?url=KP8lV3uUErz qoxkVSuv0McPCNgFAcLrXv203E5SltA_s0rHAm1dVivKdkmDJ2Y58-lBBidT0J0RWNB7 yAA-Om0ePr9etTRax0fi782VdZya章振邦. 新编英语语法教程[M]. 上海:上海外语教育出版社,2009：438.。