初中英语语法——If引导的条件状语从句(讲解及练习)
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条件句从句主句
真实一般现在时一般将来时
情态动词+动原祈使句
非真实
一般过去时
be动词用(were)
would/could+动原初中英语――条件状语从句(讲解&练习)
Ⅰ条件状语从句的定义
Ⅱ条件状语从句的引导词
1.if引导的条件状语从句:表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。
If we pay much attention to the earth, we'll have a better world.
如果我们多关爱地球,就会拥有一个更美好的世界
If it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?
如果明天下雨,我们怎么办?
注意:if还可以引导虚拟条件句,表示不可实现的条件,从句中多用一般过去时或过去完成时。 What would happen if there were no water ?
如果没有水会怎样?
2.unless引导的条件状语从句,unless的意思是如果不,除非。可与if...not互换。
You will fail in English unless you work hard.
你英语考试会不及格的,除非你更加努力。
3.as /so long as引导的条件状语从句:as /so long as意思是“只要”
So long as you're happy,i will be happy.
只要你高兴,我就高兴。
Ⅲ条件状语从句的种类
Ⅳ条件状语从句的时态原则
用法例句
①主句为一般将来时态,if从句用一般
现在时态(即主将从现)。We will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.
如果明天下雨,我将要呆在家。
②主句中含有情态动词,if从句用一
般现在时态。If you finish your homework, you can go home now.如果你做完了作业,你现在可以回家了。
③主句为祈使句,if从句用一般现在
时态。Don’t jump into the river if you feel very hot. 如果你感到很热,不要跳入河里。
④主句为过去将来时,if从句用一般
过去时态(如果涉及到be动词,
一律都用were)。此时,表达的是和现实相反的推测,用虚拟语
气。If I were you, I wouldn’t do it like that.如果我是你,我就不会那么做的。
If you gave me some money, I would be very happy. 如果你给我一些钱,我就会很高兴的。
二、if 引导的条件状语从句
(1)“if 从句+祈使句”的句子。其实,if 作为一个连词,主句也可以是其他形式的句子。 例如:If you want to go, please let me know.
(2)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句”
注意:A. “祈使句 + and + 陈述句”可以转化为 if 引导的肯定条件状语从句,而且主语是第二人称。
B. “祈使句 + or + 陈述句”可以转化为 if 引导的否定条件状语从句,而且主语是第二人称。
例如:1.Study hard and you will pass the exam.
=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
2. Hurry up, or you’ll be late. =If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.
考题:Work hard,________ you may catch up with your classmates soon.
A.or
B.but
C.and
D.yet
小试牛刀:用 if 连接下列句子
1、Go to bed early and you will have a good rest.
2、Hurry up, or you’ll miss the bus.
注意:
学习" if " 引导的条件状语从句的用法,现在总结一下:
if 条件句不一般,几个要点记心间;
条件句,放在前, 逗号要放句中间。
条件句表真实,主将从现要遵从;
条件句非真实,虚拟语气用到位。
【边学边做】用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
1. What will you buy if you ________(have)a lot of money?
2. If it ________(not snow)tomorrow, we will feel unhappy.
3. You mustn’t go to school if you ________(be)still in bed.
4. If he _______(be)at home at that time, he would know it.
5. Please show me the way if you ________(know)it.
6. You will hurt your teeth if you ________(eat)too much candy.
7. If you gave me a toy car, I _________(be)very happy.
8. I would get the prize if I _________(work)hard.
练习
Ⅰ.单项选择
()1.If you _____ to the party, you’ll have a great time.
A. will go
B. went
C. go
D. going
()2. I ____ her the answer if she ____me.
A. can tell, will ask
B. will tell, will ask
C. would tell, ask
D. will tell, asks
()3. – What are you going to do tomorrow?
--We’ll go to the library tomorrow if it ___.
A. isn’t rain
B. rain
C. won’t rain
D. doesn’t rain
()4. What will you do if you _____ to the old folk’s home?