欧亨利短篇小说的主题思想和语言特点_英文_
charactersinO.Henry’sshortstories论欧亨利短篇小说的特点
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charactersinO.Henry’sshortstories论欧亨利短篇小说的特点AbstractO. Henry, one of the three most famous short-story writers in the world, enjoys equal status with Chekhov and Maupassant. Some critics called him “the founder of American stories.” Exquisite plot, wry humor and twist ending dominate his works.A eulogy of humanity, the main stream of his works , together with his many classical works,is notable.This thesis mainly analyses the twist ending and the humanity of characters in O. Henry’s short stories. With his humorous, ironical and comic writing style, O. Henry reveals the humanity from the twist ending. Part One describes O. Henry and his works as a whole .O. Henry created many articles and had big influence on cultural history. Part Two is on his writing skills and the twist ending. O. Henry was good at char acters’ psychological portrayal. Also it mainly contains the writing background of ending which lights up the humanity of characters and the plot- making technique of twist ending. Some critics considered wry humor as “Smile with Tears,” or “Tears with Smi le.” This part elevates the charm of the theme. In a word, the twist ending directs readers to think about the humanity. Meanwhile, the humanity elevates the artistic twist ending. Part Three mainly describes the goodness and individualism reflected in O. Henry’ works.In a capitalist society, the specific characters are the special society. They also foretell the fate ending. Furthermore, the cultivation of the plot and the surprise ending gives us a new open sight. By giving examples, this part depicts the human nature reflected in his works.Key words: Twist ending; Humanity; Wry humor; Smile with tears摘要作为世界三大小说家之一,欧?亨利与契诃夫和莫泊桑齐名。
欧亨利作品浅析.英语版
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ContentChapter1 Introduction (4)Chapter 2 O. Henry ‘s article style--humor (4)2.1 O. Henry ‘s article style (4)Chapter3 Unique O-style ending method (5)3.1 Improbable Coincidence (The Gift of the Magi) (5)Chapter4 The Main Theme of O’Henry’s Works (6)Chapter 5 Conclusion (7)References (8)A Brief Review on O’Henry’s Works摘要:欧.亨利,原名威廉.西德尼.波特,20世纪美国著名小说家,美国短篇小说创始人。
被誉为世界上三大著名小说巨匠,与法国的莫泊桑,俄国的契诃夫齐名。
他少年时曾一心想当画家,婚后在妻子的鼓励下开始写作。
后再银行供职时出现账目问题而入狱,在服刑期间认真写作,并以“欧.亨利”为笔名发表了大量短篇小说。
他的作品情节细腻。
语言诙谐,结局往往出人意料。
出人意料但却符合逻辑的故事结尾以及不拘一格文风在作品中最具亮点给读者留下深刻印象。
而本论文的主要围绕他的著作,如《麦琪的礼物》,《最后一片叶子》,《警察与赞美诗》,分析其故事结尾与语言风格如何达到预想的效果和如何让作者的思想在作品中得到体现。
关键词:文风,欧.亨利式结尾,人性,社会现实Abstract:O. Henry, one of the three most famous short-story writers in the world, enjoys equal status with Chekhov and Maupassant. Exquisite plot, wry humor and twist ending dominate his works. Those surprising but logical endings and article’s style are the most brilliant in all of the highlights. This thesis mainly analyses O. Henry’s surprising but logical endings and style of his famous works such as The Gift of the Magi , The Last Leaf an and The Cop and the Anthem.These O. Henry-style endings impress readers ,and at the same time ,help him express his ideas completely and vividly.So this thesis mainly analyses how O.Henry set the plot to achieve the desired ending effect,and how the twist ending help idea-expression.Key Words: artistic styles, O. Henry-style ending, humanity; social realityChapter1 IntroductionO·Henry is commonly associated with the short story and the masterful ironic “O·Henry Twist”. A prolific writer, O·Henry wrote most often about New York City, where he spent his later years, He has been called “the American De Maupassant”.Years of hardships, vagrancy and prison supplied O·Henry with abundant material for writing. The tragedy in his own life —the bad luck that seemed to bind him —had taught him a chivalrous tenderness for the unlucky, a sympathetic understanding of the underdogs, and this compassion of his is evident in most of his short stories. O·Henry’s stories about New York City —the best of which are included in The Four Million—are his most famous. His works in.The Four Billionaire full of humor. His stories are amusing, flippant, flat and filled with irony and sentiment. Drawing directly on his experiences, he combined realism with a world of his own. Commonly recurring themes in O·Henry’s short stories are those of deception, mistaken identity, the effect of coincidence, the inexorable nature of fate, and the resolution of seemingly insurmountable difficulties separating two love it.Over recent hundreds of years, works of O·Henry’s have been published for several editions, and always attracting a great number of readers. O·Henry‟s writing is seen as straightforward and simple, written in plain language. His stories may rely on a sameness of plot, but the sharp, unexpected twist at the end is still his distinctive trademark today.(田2005:5)As readers, we like O·Henry’s stories very much because we can get much fun from them. Lively characters, humorous style, and the surprising ending which leave us endless thinking, are the main factors to attract and strike us.Chapter 2 O. Henry ‘s article style--humor2.1 O. Henry ‘s article styleO. Henry good at describing the United States in particular people living in New York. His novel, witty language, the result is often surprising; because of the many descriptions of the characters and full of life, as the "Encyclopedia of American life with humor." There are representative collection of short stories, "King and cabbage", "4,000,000" and "the fate of the road." Some of the famous, such as "love at the expense" and "Police and the Hymn," "rent furnished rooms" and "The Gift of the Magi" and "the last piece of rattan leaf" to make his reputation in the world.He is a writer with a unique style, humorous works, humorous wit, vivid descriptions, concise text. Vivid description of things from the profound understanding and extensive knowledge. He was good to observe things and the accumulation of knowledge. Good at capturing life Ironically, while the wealth to the philosophy of the dramatic scenes from the grasp of the subtle characteristics of the image using the language Painted, so that the people of flesh and blood, into the Xu-xu Health.2.2 HumorO. Henry once wrote: "the nature of my jokes is amiable, irony, and never make someone angry." This is his opinion of his humor, his satire, but again not ironic.he is on the basis of goodwill, and often contain the true meaning of life in accessible short stories . And another effect is that this kind of humor played down the tragic role, so readers are more likely to accept. In addition to the humorous irony, O. Henry is good at capturing the ironic and aboundin life philosophy of dramatic scene, with the characteristics of writing outline of cartoon characters, the plot of the chrono set at the same time, the ending with unexpected knot,All this make readers in dismay want to find the deep connotation of the story, make the reader have to exclamation story of fair and reasonable, idea of exquisite. In addition to unxepecting ending ,the sequence in the novel text became O. Henry another feature of the nove.In O’Henry’s short story “The Cop and the Anthem”, he ma kes use of the vocabulary mistake and hyperbole not only endowing figures with fresh image but also obtaining definite humorous effect. It’s a concrete display of the comedic writing style and at the same time it hints at the tragic fate of the protagonist.There is such a paragraph in the article:But as Soapy set foot inside the restaurant d o o r the head waiter’s eye fell upon his frayed trousers and decadent shoes. Strong and ready hands turned him a b o u t and conveyed him in silence and haste to the sidewalk and averted the ignoble fate of the menaced mallard.Soapy’s f irst “long for being arrested” plan i s to eat extravagantly in a luxurious restaurant—“a roast duck is almost enough!” But as he sets foot inside the restaurant door, the head waiter’s eye falls upon h i s“decadent shoes”. Decadent is always used to d e s c r i b e life style or consciousness concept. The author uses it to describe Soapy’s broken shoes and exaggerates the actuality of that broken shoe to a laughable extent. Then the author also uses the humorous remarks “turn round that r o a s t duck’s nearly being killed fate “to indicate Soapy’s hope “to eat gratis is vanished.”Chapter3 Unique O-style ending methodO. Henry's trademark is the surprising ending that each of his stories contains. He sets a story moving in one direction, and just when the reader is convinced of the general direction of the narrative, the story will be completely reversed.This kind of expected but reasonable ending which called O.Henry’s ending may be a litt le sorrowful but it still gives the readers some hope,which is so-called “O.Henry’s humor(smile with tears)”And if we look back to the total story, the ending seems logical and plausible. As a “plot-maker”, and designer of incident, he is an amazing geniu s. No one can do better than him to holds the reader in “suspense”More than that, the reader scarcely knows that he is suspended until the very close of the story. Just as turns on the lights and the whole tale is revealed in its entirety. He uses this device of dramatic and humorous effect in the short story collection The Four Million which including “The Gift of the Magi ”, and “The Cop and the Anthem”“the Service of Love”“The last Leaf.”He often stresses on something important but not the most importan t in his works.The most important part always seems to write incidentally,which been the most circumscriptive reader may if more it.When the stories end in a totally unexpected but reasonable way ,we can do nothing but cheer for O.Henry’s literary talent.3.1 Improbable Coincidence (The Gift of the Magi)The novel“The Gift of the Magi” is about a young couple that is short of money but desperately wants to buy each other Christmas gifts. Unknown to Jim, Della sells her most valuable possession, her beautiful hair, in order to buy platinum as the chain for Jim's watch; unknown to Della, Jim sells his most valuable possession, his watch, to buy jeweled combs for Della's hair. In the end ,both gifts became useless——short-haired Della got a comb andJim got a chain for an already-sold watch. What a surprising coincidence! However, when we look back, we can find that O.Henry had already given us some suggestions.”Now, there were two possessions of the James Dillingham Youngs in which they both took a mighty pride. One was Jim’s gold watch that had been his father’s and his grandfather’s. The other was Della’s hair.” This description is related to how they got the money for gifts and what they bought for each other. The author used a casual and vague tone deliberately so that few people would think over its meaning before seeing the ending. So the ending turns out to be unexpected but reasonable.This coincidence is filled with complex emotions. People feel touched by the long lasting true love between the young couple and at the same time ,pity for them for their “unwise” gifts and their cruel bitter life.Though confronted with cruel reality and dull daily routine, Della and Jim can never change their eagerness toward love. To them the most valuable material possession is so slight and insignificant ,when compared with the spiritual possession of love romance.Perhaps the gifts were "unwise" as the author says, but, as he further writes, "let it be said that of all who give gifts, these two were the wisest.”In Th e Gift of the Magi , we feel so pity that Della has her precious long hair cut. But to our surprise ,Jim has sold the watch to buy the jeweled tortoise-shell combs for her wife’s hair. O.Henry does not end on the note of irony and surprise but gives to what he calls his uneventful coincidence of two foolish children the appearance of a little parable with a significant meaning. The magi , he reminds the reader ,were wise men who brought gifts to the Christ child. As for Jim and Della, the are the magi. This is the ending of the story with O.Henry’s own style.Chapter4 The Main Theme of O’Henry’s WorksIn his works, O.Henry presents the panorama of the American people to readers with ironic and humorous tone. O.Henry is sympathetic with the poor; he praises the human virtues and denounces human defeats. Humanity, as the eternal theme of O.Henry’s works, endows his works with perpetual artistic charm. Human being has many virtues from ancient times to the present. They are kind, brave, honest, hard-working, polite, thrifty, generous, and hospitable and so on. Some people pay a great deal in order to maintain these virtues, they sacrifice their own happiness even life for the lofty love and friendship; they help others without asking for rewards and regard it as a pleasure; they give up their own treasure and chance to others etc. Such people bring love and fine things to the world; they are the ones who endow the world with light and hope.Human beings have many defects, too. Sometimes t h e y are lazy, rapacious, gluttonous, officious, vain, arrogant, shameless, cowardly, impetuous etc. They benefit themselves at the expense of others, they never show mercy and sympathy to the poor in order to make money, they realize their own aims by hook or by crook etc. Their evil deeds make the world vicious. By exposing the human defects and the dark sides of the world, O.Henry wants to awaken p e o p l e’s conscience and deepest desire for all good things, so that people can use their efforts to save and cleanse the whole world.O. Henry creates a short stories which he could dominate the world , and the world as a whole is with light grey. O. Henry won't go to describe the upper-class life :a luxury and dissipation life.In contrary, he makes his writing focuse on a nobody wholives in the small world.From this world , O. Henry have created the world according to his own idea, in which expresses his sympathy as well as hate, reveals a "law of the jungle" in a capitalist society orthe rule of "the great fish eat the small one". All this, we can visit O. Henry's world from the point of O. Henry's works .Besides social deformities, O. Henry didn't forget to find a unique legend in that society. In a corner of the world, there are blooming love, friendship, lofty flowers with a spirit of sacrifice , beautiful soul and divine emotion interweaves the bright side of another society. This is mainly can be found in the part of his representative works. In The Gift of the Magi ,husband and wife be able to give up the things they proud - long hair and watch, for the Christmas gifts. Although ultimately failed to achieve, but the flower of love is brightly blossoming.For example:But on an unusually quiet corner Soapy came to a standstill. Here was an old church, quaint and rambling and gabled. Through one violet-stained window a soft light glowed, where, no doubt, the organist loitered over the keys, making sure of his mastery of the coming Sabbath anthem. For there drifted out to Soapy’s ears sweet music tha t caught and held him transfixed against the convolutions of the iron fench.<The Cop and the Anthem> The hymn of music brought homeless to restart the courage of life, which reflects the virtuous sideof societyChapter 5 ConclusionTotally speaking, in O. Henry’s works, the events of some short stories are arranged in the specific order which exceed reader’s normal expectation to the arrangement of those events in his works, make the ending unpredictable and strange. O. Henry deliberately designs the little tricks with words, for he is a master of language and not its slave. These unexpected but reasonable endings, in many conditions ,are the mos t remarkable parts in the novel. They also engage something profound in the human psyche and reflect social reality in that age . device that would become identified with his name. Wit, irony, cleverness, individuality and local color are also traditional earmarks of the typical O’Henry story. In addition, his warmth of human understanding and sympathy with the “underdog” give many of his stories poignancy. In memory of his great contribution to American literature, American literary circles set up Henry Award in 1918.References[1] Medrick, Fred. An introduction to American literature[M]. Henan University Press, 1985[2] Hudson, Long. O Henry The Man and His Work[C]. New Y ork:Russell and Russell, 1969[3] O, Henry, Heart of the West[M]. New Y ork: McClure, 1907[4] O, Henry, The Four Million[M]. New York: Doubleday, Doran and Company. 1906[5] O, Henry, 欧亨利短篇小说[6] 李国宁欧亨利式结尾的艺术魅力[7] 赵书颖“含泪的笑”与“含笑的泪”浅析欧•亨利的主题[8] 赵丽,黄春妮欧亨利作品导读[M]. 武汉武汉大学出版社2003 P3[9] 欧亨利四百万[M]. 北京:外语教学与研究出版社,1988。
欧亨利短篇小说的主题思想和语言特点_英文_
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大 众 文 艺大58day forward, Buck lived for that man. After being with this man for quite some time, Buck started to hear a call from far away. He started paying more and more attention to this call. He went out for days at a time searching for its source. This call was the call of the wild. He had a will to go off and be with other dogs. He felt the urge to be free from man and catch his own food. One day, Buck finally left for good. He was excepted by a pack of wolves who treated him like a wolf himself. And so the transformation was complete. Buck had changed from a dog, to a beast of nature.Bibliographies[1] London Jack. The Call of the Wild. [M]New York: Airmont Publishing Co. Inc, 1964.[2] Pizer, Donald. American Realism and Naturalism. [M]Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2000.[3]The New Encyclopaedia Britannica, 15th ed.1993.[4]蒋承勇(主编). 欧美自然主义文学的现代阐释.[M]上海:复旦大学出版社,2002[5]柳鸣九.自然主义大师佐拉.[M]上海:上海文艺出版社,1989作者简介孙海晶(1983年-),女,满族,河北省遵化市人,北京第二外国语院,英语专业O’Henry, one of the three most famous short-story writers in the world, enjoys equal status with Chekhov and Maupassant. His short stories are famous for its unexpected ending, as well as their exquisite conception. O’Henry’s sympathy for the poor social underdogs, his eulogy of human virtues and exposure of human evils are highlighted as the keynote of his works. Humanity endows his works with perpetual artistic charm. His short stories are typically American, portraying various types of people in the United States.1 The Main Theme of O’Henry’s Works1.1Human VirtuesIn his works, O’Henry presents the panorama of the American people to readers with ironic and humorous tone. O’Henry is sympathetic with the poor; he praises the human virtues and denounces human defeats. Humanity, as the eternal theme of O’Henry’s works, endows his works with perpetual artistic charm. Human being has many virtues from ancient times to the present. They are kind, brave, honest, hard-working, polite, thrifty, generous, and hospitable and so on. Some people pay a great deal in order to maintain these virtues, they sacrifice their own happiness even life for the lofty love and friendship; they help others without asking for rewards and regard it as a pleasure; they give up their own treasure and chance to others etc. Such people bring love and fine things to the world; they are the ones who endow the world with light and hope.1.2 Human EvilsHuman beings have many defects, too. Sometimes they are lazy, rapacious, gluttonous, officious, vain, arrogant, shameless, cowardly, impetuous etc. They benefit themselves at the expense of others, they never show mercy and sympathy to the poor in order to make money, they realize their own aims by hook or by crook etc. Their evil deeds make the world vicious. By exposing the human defects and the dark sides of the world, O’Henry wants to awaken people’s conscience and deepest desire for all good things, so thatpeople can use their efforts to save and cleanse the whole world.2 Features of Language of O’Henry’s Works2.1 Figure of Speech 2.1.1 MetaphorIn O’Henry’s writings, metaphor is another feature which is worth mention. “A symbol differs from a metaphor in that its application is left open as an unstated suggestion, whereas the metaphor ties a concrete image to an identifiable abstract quality.” The image in metaphor represents specific meaning. But the symbolic image remains indeterminate in its possible meanings; it is usually a substantial image in its own right, around which further significances may gather according to differing interpretations.The metaphor under discussion here does not mean that as a rhetorical device or figure of speech, though the metaphorical sentences as wonderful as the one “Manhattan, the night-blooming cereus, was beginning to unfold its dead-white, heavy-odored petals” teem in O’Henry’s short stories. What is to be probed is the metaphor exploited as a skill in story-writing.In the third branch of Roads of Destiny, the hero David Mig not is a shepherd, but he is too indulged in writing poems to take enough care of his sheep. The flock steadily grows smaller and his wife keeps on complaining. Then one of his friends introduces him to a learned man called Georges Bril, David asks Monsieur Bril to read his poems, because he wants to know if he shall write more or give his attention to his sheep. When Monsieur Bril has read all the verses, he concludes that David has no talent for poem-writing. In order to tell the harsh truth in a mild way, he asks David to look at the crow in the tree. Instead of commenting on the poems directly, Monsleur Bril praises the crow that is content with his lot. In this metaphorical way he advises David tactfully not to try to write poems any more. David sees the point and feels discouraged. He goes back home and thrusts his poems into the stove. Hearing the rustle of the欧亨利短篇小说的主题思想和语言特点张明洋1 刘映雪2(1.长安大学 人文学院 西安 710064 2.沈阳师范大学 旅游管理学院 沈阳 110034)【摘 要】欧亨利是美国二十世纪初期最著名的短篇小说家之一。
欧·亨利小说的创作风格及其语言特色
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欧·亨利小说的创作风格及其语言特色摘要:欧?亨利是美国19世纪末20世纪初重要的批判现实主义作家,他的作品以短篇小说为主,在创作上擅于从平凡的生活中选取题材,以小见大;安排细致精巧的故事情节,引人入胜;语言采用多种修辞手法,诙谐幽默;在小说的结尾设置上,出人意料,被定义为“欧?亨利式结尾”。
独特的艺术风格使得欧?亨利的作品享誉全球,历久弥新。
关键词:欧?亨利幽默语言故事情节引言欧?亨利是一位享誉世界文坛的著名短篇小说家,在创作风格上,以平凡真实的创作题材、细致精巧的故事情节、诙谐幽默的语言特征和出人意料的欧?亨利式结尾赢得了世界读者的赞誉和喜爱。
一、平凡真实的创作题材欧?亨利的小说选取的题材平凡而真实。
他所描写的往往是都市城镇普通人们日常生活中的情景,就像每天人们经历的喜怒哀乐一样平凡真实,但是他又能对这些平凡的生活进行细致入微地观察,将形形色色的平凡人进行艺术加工,生动再现底层人物的生活情景,从而对社会的主题进行深刻地披露。
欧?亨利善于从底层人民的生活中寻找素材进行文学创作,首先与他复杂的人生经历息息相关。
欧?亨利的一生坎坷波折,他由祖母和姑姑抚养长大,15岁的时候在叔叔的药房里当过学徒,1882年以后,他先后做过牧羊人、厨师、婴儿看护员、歌手、戏剧演员、药剂师、绘图员、记者和出纳员等多种职业。
在这段时间里,他深深感受到美国西部底层人们身上勤劳、善良、勇敢、淳朴的美好品质,他们的生活状态和性格特点都成为了欧?亨利小说的重要素材。
1896年,欧?亨利受到了盗用公款的起诉,他在被传讯的前一天出逃,次年回国探望妻子被捕。
入狱服刑期间,他担任了监狱的药剂师并认真开始小说创作。
在小说《警察与赞美诗》中,欧?亨利生动描写主人公希望通过骗吃骗喝、砸毁橱窗、小偷小摸被逮捕进监狱过冬的情景,《重新做人》里对盗贼吉米的描写,大概与他在狱中见闻有关。
丰富曲折的经历和与不同行业的底层人民的接触,使作者在小说中能够将真实的生活充分地体现出来。
《欧 亨利短篇小说选》英文读后感
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《欧亨利短篇小说选》英文读后感As a renowned author of short stories, O. Henry has captured the hearts of many readers with his distinctive style of storytelling. In his collection of short stories titled "Selected Short Stories by O. Henry", Henry presents a unique view of life, full of twists and turns that often leave the reader with a sense of surprise and wonder.One of the stories in the book that stood out for me was "The Gift of the Magi". It tells of a young couple, Jim and Della, who are struggling financially but wish to give each other meaningful Christmas gifts. Unbeknownst to each other, Jim sells his precious pocket watch to buy Della a set of combs for her beautiful hair, while Della cuts her long locks and sells them to buy Jim a chain for his pocket watch.Henry's storytelling in this story is masterful, building up the tension as the two characters prepare for their gifts exchange, and culminating in a heartwarming ending that leaves the reader with a sense of joy and admiration for the couple's love and sacrifice for each other.Another story that I enjoyed is "The Last Leaf". It tells of two young women, Sue and Johnsy, who live in an apartment at the top of a building. Johnsy contracts pneumonia and becomes convinced that she will die when the last leaf falls from a vine outside her window. As the days go by and the leaves fall one by one, Sue calls on a neighbor to create a painting of a leaf on the wall to deceive Johnsy and bring her hope. Eventually, Johnsy recovers, and the two women discover that the leaf outside their window wasreal and had not fallen, serving as a symbol of hope and resilience.What impresses me most about "The Last Leaf" is the emotional depth that Henry is able to convey in such a short story. The character of Johnsy, in particular, is well written, and the reader feels her fear and desperation as she clings to the belief that she is going to die. The story also explores themes of friendship, hope, and the power of the human spirit to overcome adversity.Lastly, "A Retrieved Reformation" is a story that highlights Henry's skills in plot development and characterization. The story portrays the character of Jimmy Valentine, a skilled safe-cracker, who is released from prison after serving ten years. He adopts a new identity and tries to turn over a new leaf but is drawn back to his old ways when he learns that his love interest's father is locked inside a safe that he cannot open.The twist in this story comes when Jimmy, instead of using his skills to open the safe and steal from it, instead decides to use his expertise to save the man's life. Through this act of altruism, Jimmy is able to redeem himself and start a new life, leaving his criminal past behind.In conclusion, O. Henry's "Selected Short Stories" is an excellent collection that showcases his unique style of storytelling. The stories are each unique and have a timeless quality that speaks to their universal themes and relatable characters. I highly recommend this book to any reader looking for a great short story collection.。
欧亨利简介及评价 (中英双语)
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欧·亨利与法国的莫泊桑、俄国的契诃夫并称为世界三大短篇小说巨匠。
近百年来,欧·亨利的小说在全世界一版再版,始终拥有大量的读者,足见其作品的生命力。
1918年,美国设立一年一度的“欧·亨利纪念奖”,专门奖励短篇小说的成就。
欧·亨利的名字早已和短篇小说的创作,和小人物的悲喜连在了一起。
他是一位高产的作家,一生中留下了一部长篇小说和近三百篇的短篇小说。
他的短篇小说构思精巧,风格独特,以表现美国中下层人民的生活、语言幽默、结局出人意料(即“欧·亨利式结尾”)而闻名于世。
正面欧·亨利的成功主要在于他善于捕捉和把握生活中的典型场面,在一个个生活的片断里,处于两难中的主人公必须面对抉择,这时不仅能集中刻画人物心理,也能充分展示生活中固有的矛盾。
再加上欧·亨利具有把情节剪裁得恰到好处的本领,因而能在很短的篇幅内达到一种思想与艺术相结合的完美效果,给人以强烈的印象,而这也正是短篇小说成功的关键。
反面有的外国评论家曾说过:“(欧·亨利的小说)不要真实性,没有道德意识,没有人生哲理。
”——不过这种说法被多数评论家所否定。
当时有人批评他的“欧·亨利式结尾”读多了就没意思。
——不过这种说法也被多数评论家所否定。
有人认为他的小说写的浅薄。
有人说:“在欧·亨利的所有小说中,找不出一个写得真实的人物。
”欧·亨利对自己的小说也不满意,一次他在给一位朋友的信中说过:“我是个失败的人。
我的小说究竟如何呢?老实说,我并不满意。
我就害怕人们说我是什么‘名作家’。
”O.Henry, with Maupassant and Chekhov['tʃekɔf], were honored as the three masters of short stories in the world. Again and again, his works were published all over the world, and were enjoyed by many readers, which showed its strong vitality [vaɪ'tælɪtɪ].O.Henry was a high-producing writer who left a novel and nearly three hundreds short stories. Writing at the rate of more than one story per week, O. Henry published ten collections of stories. In 1919 the O. Henry Memorial Awards for the best American short stories published each year were founded by the Society of Arts and Sciences.William Sydney Porter (September 11, 1862 –June 5, 1910), known by his pen name O. Henry, was an American writer. O. Henry's short stories are known for their wit, wordplay, warm characterization, and surprise endings.When you read his book, you will find the ending is always unexpected. For example, in the book The Cop[kɒp] and the Anthemf['ænθəm],the hero Souby wanted to live in the prison for a settled life, so he caused some troubles, entertaining the intention of drawing the policeman’s attention. But unfortunately, things didn’t happen as he had wished. Later, Souby read an anthem by chance and decided to be a good guy. When readers, even Souby himself, believed that he would start a new life from then on, a policeman, who had once been longing for by Souby, was appeared and took Souby into the curt.The ending is out of blue, but you will find it is also resonable. It was this unique character made O.Henry’s works distinctive.O.Henry designed the ending as the soul of the whole book. He was good at writing the story dramatically and preparing the hints hidden in the unromantic and humor narration.As to O.Henry’s writing style, there exist two different sides. Some people give positivecomments about his works: O.Henry succeed by his perspective. He was able to catch a typical scene of everyday life and wrote it vividly in a short story, which achieved an artistic charm.However, there are also some critics hold an opposite view, for they think that his works was a little shallow—even O.Henry himself agreed that. He once said to one of his friends:”I am not satisfied with my works, and I’m afraid about being named as a ‘famous writer’.”Although the critic is reasonable to a certain degree, it can not be denied that O.Henry was a greatful writer. His works satirized the unfairness in that age powerfully and still have an influence.。
《欧亨利短篇小说集》主要情节
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《欧亨利短篇小说集》主要情节欧亨利(O. Henry)是美国著名的短篇小说家,以其精彩的叙事、巧妙的结构和出人意料的结局而著称。
《欧亨利短篇小说集》收录了他的许多经典作品,本文将介绍其中一些主要情节。
1. 《礼物的权利》(The Gift of the Magi)这个故事发生在圣诞节前夕,讲述了年轻夫妇吉姆和多拉为了给对方买礼物而做出的牺牲。
吉姆卖掉了他的怀表来买多拉的发针,而多拉则将她的长发剪掉,换取吉姆的怀表链。
最终,他们互相奉献的礼物虽然变得无用,但却展现了他们深爱对方的情感。
2. 《最后一片叶子》(The Last Leaf)故事发生在一个秋天的天气变冷的晚上,主要描写了两位年轻女孩苏西和约翰。
苏西生病后,她相信自己会死去,因为她活在一株树上的叶子数目决定了她的生死。
而约翰是个画家,他画了一片假叶子贴在树上,为了让苏西相信还有希望。
最后,约翰因为寒冷而感染肺炎去世,但苏西因为看到画上的叶子没有掉落而找到希望,并最终康复。
3. 《声音与大脑的标志》(The Voice of the City)这个故事以纽约这座繁华城市为背景,讲述了一个把“声音”和“大脑的标志”联系在一起的情节。
故事中的女主人公,一个小资的文学爱好者,在一次意外中失声。
她在城市中四处寻找声音,最终找到了这个声音的源头——一个拾荒者,他用他对城市环境的了解预测了城市的未来。
通过这个故事,欧亨利传达了城市的思想与活力。
4. 《福伦特德家族》(The Furnished Room)这个故事发生在一个破败的租房屋中,描绘了一个绝望无助的年轻人试图找到他失散多年的情人。
他租下了一个曾经是她居住过的房间,并被房间里的氛围所吸引。
最终,他发现了情人留下的一封信,得知她已经去世。
这个故事通过描述一个房间中的气息和布置,展现了一个消失的爱情。
5. 《屋顶上的猫》(The Cat on the Roof)这个故事以一只孤独的猫为主角,以战争年代为背景。
欧亨利《麦琪的礼物》欧·亨利创作的短篇小说,讲述了一对穷困的
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欧亨利《麦琪的礼物》欧·亨利创作的短篇小说,讲述了一对穷困的各位读友大家好,此文档由网络收集而来,欢迎您下载,谢谢麦琪的礼物。
《麦琪的礼物》欧·亨利创作的短篇小说。
讲述了一对穷困的年轻夫妇忍痛割爱互赠圣诞礼物的故事。
反映了美国下层人民生活的艰难。
赞美了主人公善良的心地和纯真爱情。
作品名称,麦琪的礼物。
外文名称,The Gift of the Magi。
文学体裁,短篇小说。
欧亨利作者,欧·亨利。
首版时间,1906年。
字数,约3500。
内容简介。
《麦琪的礼物》讲述的是一个圣诞节里发生在社会下层的小家庭中的故事。
男主人公吉姆是一位薪金仅够维持生活的小职员。
女主人公德拉是一位贤惠善良的主妇。
他们的生活贫穷。
但吉姆和德拉各自拥有一样极珍贵的宝物。
吉姆有祖传的一块金表。
德拉有一头美丽的瀑布般的秀发。
为了能在圣诞节送给对方一件礼物。
吉姆卖掉了他的金表为德拉买了一套“纯玳瑁做的。
边上镶着珠宝”的梳子;德拉卖掉了自己的长发为吉姆买了一条白金表链。
他们都为对方舍弃了自己最宝贵的东西。
而换来的礼物却因此变得毫无作用了。
创作背景。
欧·亨利出生于美国的一个医生家庭。
幼年丧母。
在其少年时期。
家道没落。
15岁的他开始进入社会谋生。
独自承担起生活的重任。
他做过药房学徒。
当过牧羊工。
在银行做过出纳和会计的工作。
在土地局当过办事员。
不同的工作经历和生活体验以及独自一人在社会中闯荡使年幼的欧·亨利过早的体会到了生活的不易与艰辛。
在底层社会生活的他不仅要为生活的琐事而操心。
而且上层社会的剥夺与压榨更让他的生活穷困潦倒。
生活在底层生活的欧·亨利自觉为小人物立言。
自命是纽约四百多万贫民的代表。
作者的生存环境与所处的阶层在《麦琪的礼物》这篇小说中都有所体现。
主人公所处的社会阶级以及生活的艰苦与辛酸也是欧·亨利的个人写照。
•19世纪的美国资本主义垄断正在急剧发展。
企业和工厂的资本家为了获得更高的利润加大了对工人的压榨。
欧亨利短篇小说的主题思想和语言特点
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欧亨利短篇小说的主题思想和语言特点作者:罗红梅来源:《新生代·下半月》2018年第11期【摘要】:欧亨利作为世界闻名的短篇小说家,其所创作的小说往往具有多种风格和特点,在其创作的小说作品中,通过细腻的文笔来表现出人物的生动形象和人性的善恶美丑,笔者通过分析其部分短篇小说以此来揭示其短篇小说中蕴含的主体思想和语言特点。
【关键字】:欧亨利短篇小说主题思想语言特点研究分析欧亨利短篇小说在世界闻名,其创作的短篇小说往往脍炙人口,广为流传,本文结合多方资料展开研究分析,首先对欧亨利短篇小说写作风格和作品类型做了概述,并针对欧亨利短篇小说中体现的主题思想和语言特点做了细致的研究分析,希望对解读欧亨利小说有所启发。
一、欧亨利短篇小说作品概述(一)短篇小说的写作风格欧亨利作为世界闻名的短篇小说家,其作品中刻画的人物形象广为人知,欧亨利作为与法国作家莫泊桑和俄国作家契科夫齐名的三大短片小说家,其文笔往往平实而又生动,同时笔下的语言又描绘着人性的善恶美丑与人间百态,在其所创作的文学作品中,其小说作品的结尾往往出人意料。
这种独创式的结尾往往令读者们读后大感意外,其所创作的文学作品往往全文都在做铺垫叙述,在文章的最后猛然揭开谜底,令读者恍然大悟,但读者细细品味之后又觉符合情理,这种独特的文笔设计中蕴含着欧亨利对人性的深刻见解。
(二)欧亨利小说作品类型欧亨利所创作的文学作品丰富厚重,这与其自身早年的生活经历也有重要关系。
欧·亨利思想的矛盾和他作品的弱点,与他的创作环境有限大关系。
从题材的性质来看,欧·亨利的作品大致可分为三类。
一类以描写美国西部生活为主;一类写的是美国一些大城市的生活;一类则以拉丁美洲生活为对象。
这些不同的题材,显然与作者一生中几个主要生活时期的不同经历,有着密切的关系。
而三类作品当中,无疑又以描写城市生活的作品数量最多,意义重大。
在其所创作的文学作品中,故事主人翁有警察、医生、有杀人不眨眼的大盗、也有一心想嫁入上流社会的姑娘、有因为躲避饥寒还四处犯罪的流浪汉、也有忙碌到丧失自我的经纪人,在其所创作的文学作品中,最脍炙人口的《最后一篇叶子》短篇小说中,所刻画的引人落泪的意大利老画家的人物经历,可能是他心中最向往的人性刻画。
《欧亨利短篇小说集》讲解
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《欧亨利短篇小说集》讲解导言:在世界文学史上,美国作家欧亨利(O. Henry)是一位备受瞩目的短篇小说大师。
他的作品融合了幽默、悬疑和意外结局,深受读者喜爱。
本文将对《欧亨利短篇小说集》进行深入讲解,探索其独特之处和魅力。
第一部分:欧亨利的生平和写作风格欧亨利(1862-1910),原名威廉·波特·欧·谢特斯(William Porter O. Sheffeld),是美国最杰出的短篇小说家之一。
他在短暂的生命里创作了数百篇小说,给世界留下了宝贵的文学遗产。
欧亨利的写作风格独具匠心,叙述简洁生动,语言幽默机智,结构巧妙,以出人意料的结局见长。
他的作品常常给人带来温馨、感人和深思的体验。
第二部分:《欧亨利短篇小说集》中的经典作品1.《礼物的最高层楼》这是一篇讲述友情与奉献的温馨小说。
故事中,两位好朋友约翰和吉姆相互赠送礼物,他们都希望能给对方带来惊喜和快乐。
然而,最终他们互换的礼物却是无用的,却体现了他们深厚无私的友情。
2.《最后一片叶子》这是一篇意境唯美的小说,描绘了一个年老孤独的艺术家与一个病危女孩之间的特殊友谊。
在秋天的时节,女孩康斯兰斯突然生病住院,她最喜爱的一棵枯树的最后一片叶子在风雨中顽强地挺立。
这个小故事传达了生命的坚韧和人性的温暖。
3.《礼拜日之旅》这是一篇以幽默讽刺见长的小说。
故事主人公汤姆冯特是个贪婪的商人,为了逃避债务,他和他的妻子决定前往墨西哥。
然而,在天真无邪的三个孩子的帮助下,他们的行程充满了意外和笑料。
这个故事揭示了人性的善恶和报应的观念。
第三部分:欧亨利的作品对读者的影响欧亨利的作品深深地触动了读者的内心,给他们以启示和思考。
他通过短篇小说的形式,巧妙地展示了人性的复杂性和世间的种种困境和机遇。
他的作品积极传递了人与人之间关爱和友情的力量,引发了读者对情感生活和人性的思考和回味。
结论:通过对《欧亨利短篇小说集》的讲解,我们深入了解了这位美国文学大师的生平和写作风格。
欧亨利短篇小说的主题思想和语言特点
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欧亨利短篇小说的主题思想和语言特点作者:张明洋, 刘映雪作者单位:张明洋(长安大学,人文学院,西安,710064), 刘映雪(沈阳师范大学,旅游管理学院,沈阳,110034)刊名:大众文艺英文刊名:ART AND LITERATURE FOR THE MASSES年,卷(期):2009(1)1.Bernstein,Paul American Work Values:Their Origin and Development 19972.Chang,Yaoxin A Survey of American Literature 20003.Chang,Yaoxin Selected Readings in American Literature 20004.Chen Hui;Wu Xiyan Criticism of the Loss of Human Nature 20025.Lowenthal,Leo Literature,Popular Culture,and Society 19686.Si,Zhikong An Outline of Background of American Literature 19987.刘海平;王守仁新编美国文学史 20028.张贞梅从《爱的牺牲》和《麦琪的礼物》评欧·亨利的艺术手法 20019.赵书颖"含泪的笑"与"含笑的泪"----浅析欧·亨利小说的主题[期刊论文]-黑龙江教育学院学报 2004(2)10.王永年欧·亨利短篇小说选 200211.法国让-查理欧·亨利----杰出的美国幽默作家12.徐丽娟简析英语小说《警察与赞美诗》修辞格的语义功能[期刊论文]-外语与外语教学 2001(9)1.朴丽莉.PIAO Li-li浅析欧·亨利的幽默写作风格[期刊论文]-中国西部科技2009,8(8)2.余明洋.杨德贵关于欧·亨利的幽默及写作特色[期刊论文]-科技创业月刊2010,23(3)3.樊林.FAN Lin"欧·亨利式的结尾"表现手法浅析[期刊论文]-西安建筑科技大学学报(社会科学版)2005,24(4)4.李学人性向善的光芒——简析欧亨利小说[期刊论文]-新西部(下半月)2010(6)5.侯丽枚.迟锴叶子的力量——评欧亨利短篇小说《最后的常春藤叶》[期刊论文]-时代文学2010(7)6.杨立华《最后一片树叶》中平凡而悲壮的人性美[期刊论文]-中国科技信息2009(24)7.王晶红美国小说殿堂的一块基石——我读欧亨利[期刊论文]-科教文汇2007(25)8.王斌夏欧·亨利的写作特色[期刊论文]-科技创新导报2008(19)9.王斌夏欧·亨利的写作特色[期刊论文]-科技创新导报2008(10)10.陈艳艳.Chen Yanyan莫泊桑、契诃夫、欧亨利小说艺术特征共性琐议[期刊论文]-贵州教育学院学报2008,24(4)本文链接:/Periodical_dzwy200901051.aspx。
欧亨利圣诞礼物主旨概括英语
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欧亨利圣诞礼物主旨概括英语
【最新版】
目录
1.欧内斯特·亨利 (Ernest Hemingway) 的简介
2.《圣诞礼物》(The Gift of the Magi) 的主题和情节概括
3.对小说主旨的探讨
4.小说在文学史上的地位和影响
正文
1.欧内斯特·亨利 (Ernest Hemingway) 是一位美国作家,被认为是20 世纪最著名的小说家之一。
他的作品以简洁而又生动的文字风格著称,强调了对人类经历的深刻洞察和对自然界的热爱。
2.《圣诞礼物》(The Gift of the Magi) 是欧内斯特·亨利的一篇
短篇小说,讲述了一个发生在圣诞节的故事。
小说的主人公是一对年轻的夫妇,他们生活在贫困之中,却为了给对方一份圣诞礼物而各自卖掉了自己最珍贵的东西。
最终,他们互赠的礼物却因为对方的牺牲而变得毫无意义,但他们也因此更加深刻地理解了爱的真谛。
3.《圣诞礼物》的主旨是对于爱的奉献和牺牲。
在小说中,主人公们为了给对方一份圣诞礼物,不惜卖掉自己最珍贵的东西,这种奉献精神体现了爱的伟大。
而他们互赠的礼物却因为对方的牺牲而失去了原本的意义,这也揭示了爱的真谛,即真正的爱是不需要回报的,而是需要付出和奉献。
4.《圣诞礼物》在文学史上的地位和影响十分深远。
作为欧内斯特·亨利的代表作之一,这篇小说以简洁而又生动的文字风格、深刻的人文关怀和感人的故事情节赢得了广泛的赞誉。
第1页共1页。
欧_亨利短篇小说的故事情节及主题思想
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欧・亨利短篇小说的故事情节及主题思想温钟颖(西北师范大学外语学院,甘肃兰州730070)摘 要:欧・亨利是一位具有强烈的社会责任感和同情心的美国优秀短篇小说家,他生活的社会背景及其个人生平成就了他作品的独特风格:讽刺“大人物”的丑陋面目,描绘“小人物”悲喜交织的热闹生活,揭露欲哭无泪的悲惨世界。
关键词:欧・亨利;短篇小说;情节;现实意义中图分类号:I 106.4 文献标识码:A 文章编号:100824916(2007)0120100204Story plots and subject thoughts of O ・Henry ’s short stor iesW E N Zhong 2ying(College of Foreign Language,Northwest Nor mal University,Lanzhou 730070,China )Abstract:O ・Henry was an excellent writer of short st ories .He was als o a man of str ong sense of s ocial res ponsibilitywho had deep sy mpathy t o l ower rank of peop le .The style of his works was created by his life experiences and the s ocial backgr ound of his ti m e .Satirize the ugly appearance of V I P,describe the sad and happy inter weaving events and the bustle and excite ment life of the bott om peop le,bring t o light the m iserable world weep ing with no tears .Key words:O ・Henry;short st ories;p l ot;p ractical significance 欧・亨利,本名威廉・西德尼・波特(W illia m Sydney Porter ),于1860年生于美国北卡罗来纳州,幼年贫穷,读书不多,做过很多工作。
《欧亨利》短篇小说阅读感悟
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Is life a dream or a game, or a story that belongs to each of us!(页眉可删)《欧亨利》短篇小说阅读感悟《欧亨利》短篇小说阅读感悟1欧.亨利的小说常常在教学课本中作为经典*出现,欧·亨利式结尾,意料之外,情理之中,令人回味无穷。
《欧亨利短篇小说集》其中,《麦琪的礼物》让我最为感动。
有人曾说过:“什么是爱,爱就是无限的宽容,些许之事亦能带来的喜悦。
爱就是无意识的善意,自我的彻底忘却。
”妻子德拉有一头美丽的秀发:微波起伏,闪耀光芒,有如那褐色的瀑布,长及膝下,仿佛是她的一件长袍。
在公寓里的贫穷的德拉想给丈夫吉姆一个惊喜,可是她仅有一元八角七,她明白这点钱根本不够买什么好的礼物,于是她把引以自豪的褐色瀑布似的秀发剪下来,卖了,换来了20美元。
找遍了各家商店,德拉花去21美元,最终买到一条朴素的白金表链,这能够配上吉姆的那块金表。
而与此同时,丈夫杰姆为了给妻子的美发配上一套梳子,卖了自我的金表,买了德拉羡慕渴望已久的全套漂亮的梳子作圣诞礼物。
当他们互赠礼物时,才发现自我准备的礼物已不是对方需要的,其实不然,他们得到了比梳子和表链更珍贵的礼物——爱。
他们做这些事的时候,都是为了对方着想,根本没有研究自我。
正是因为他们互相爱着,并且是深深地爱着对方,才会有这样趣味的结局。
生命诚可贵,感情价更高。
这也许是笔者对此文的最好诠释吧。
或许我们此刻还不懂感情真正是什么,而《麦琪的礼物》就能给我们一个很好的借鉴。
在这个金钱能够买卖感情,心理和感情出现畸变的社会中,这对夫妇的感情充满了浪漫的梦想主义色彩。
有了表链,但没有了金表;有了发梳,但没有了美发。
这似乎啼笑皆非的结局,包含了令人心酸的杯具,正是这种巧合,那种至高无上的感情,才更见真挚、纯洁。
巧取豪夺、坑蒙拐骗、利欲熏心、尔虞我诈的“上流人物”,“得意之徒”们的丑恶行径,“礼貌社会”的黑暗与滑稽本质,弱肉强食与天良丧尽的现实,人性的异化和畸变。
《欧 亨利短篇小说选》的英文读后感
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《欧亨利短篇小说选》的英文读后感500字"Oliver Henry's Short Story Selection" is a collection of stories that offer different perspectives on various emotions and experiences. Each story offers a unique and relatable experience, from a child learning to express their feelings to an elderly couple finding comfort in each other. The stories explore themes of love, loss, friendship, and identity, making them relevant to many readers regardless of age or background.The writing style of the stories is direct and concise, yet still able to evoke strong emotions in the reader. Even at only a few pages long, the stories are full of depth and bring out the emotions of joy, sadness, and hope. These stories also make one think about what it means to be human, while also providing insight into our individual lives.All in all, Oliver Henry's Short Story Selection is a great collection of stories. It is not only entertaining, but also thought provoking and emotionally compelling. Each story provides an uplifting and positive outlook on life, while still remaining realistic and honest. This compilation of stories is sure to move readers and leave an impact on them for a long time.。
between rounds欧亨利短篇小说分析
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主要情节
• 《回合之间》描写一个公寓住房里的各种小市民庸俗、琐碎的生活片断,通篇都是用一 种诙谐逗趣的笔调写成的。
• 房东太太的儿子不见了,公寓里的人各种表现,欢喜冤家麦卡斯基夫妇停止了无休止的 争吵,其他的人有的帮着寻找,有的漠然,最后孩子找到了,原来是虚惊一场,而麦卡 斯基夫妇的争吵又开始继续了。
Between Rounds
《回合之间》欧亨利短篇小说分析
作者简介
• 欧·亨利是其笔名,原名为威廉·西德尼·波特(William Sydney Porter)。 • 美国著名批判现实主义作家,世界三大短篇小说大师之一。曾被评论界誉为曼哈顿桂冠
散文作家和美国现代短篇小说之父。 • 他的作品构思新颖,语言诙谐,结局常常出人意料,其中一些名篇如《爱的牺牲》、
• 这篇文章也许情节安排,结尾设置等等和欧•亨利的同类作品相比稍显苍白(结尾处和 情节中都没有带给我什么惊喜),不过值得称道的是本篇文章的语言,十分诙谐幽默, 将两个小市民的形象栩栩如生的在小说中再现了出来。也折射出了社会上普遍存在的现 象,当发现儿子走失后,邻居们有的冷漠观望、有的用于调侃、用作谈资,却并没有人 伸出援手,社会上的冷漠现象在小说中被披露得淋漓尽致,欧•亨利的批判现实主义风 格在本篇文章中得到很好的诠释。
摘选
• “Jawn,” she said, sentimentally, “Missis Murphy’s little bye is lost.’Tis a great city for losing little boys.Six years old he was.Jawn, ’tis the same age our little bye would have been if we had had one six years ago.”“We never did,” said Mr. McCaskey, lingering with the fact.“But if we had, Jawn, think what sorrow would be in our hearts this night, with our little Phelan run away and stolen in the city nowheres at all.” “Ye talk foolishness,” said Mr. McCaskey.“’Tis Pat he would be named, after me old father in Cantrim.”“Ye lie!” said Mrs. McCaskey, without anger. “Me brother was worth tin dozen bog-trotting McCaskeys. After him would the bye be named.” She leaned over the window-sill and looked down at the hurrying and bustle below.
O.Henry’sWritingStyle欧亨利短篇小说写作风格
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O.Henry’s Writing StyleAbstracts:The O.henry-style ending is unexpctedly surprising .We may show bitter smiles after knowing how things end up ,like tragic and sad things which reflect the cruel social reality are described in a comic way.Key words:Writing style writing technique Surprising Endings Wry Humor1:Introduction:O.Henry, one of the three mo s t famous short-story writers in the world, enjoys equal status with Chekhov and Maupassant. He played an important role in short stories‘development especially in America and was called ―the founder of American stories.‖The social life of that time in America was mirrored in O.Henry‘s unique writing style. O.Henry‘s short stories gained their popularity in China and some of his famous works were even selected into students textbook. The study of O.Henry‘s writing style can help us to get a better undstanding of American life in that time, learn the writing technics of short stories, and appreciate the art of short stories.2. A brief introduction to O.Henry and his main worksO. Henry, originally named William Sydney Porter, was born on September 11, 1862, in North Carolina in a docotor‘s family. In his lengendary life , Porter took a number of different jobs ,first as pharmacist then as a draftsman, bank teller and journalist. He also began writing as a sideline. When he worked as a bank teller, he was accused by the bank of embezzlement and fled to Honduras to avoid interrogation. He returned in February 1897 to see his dying wife and was arrested and sentenced to five years in prison. While in prison, Porter, as a licensed pharmacist, worked in the prison hospital as the night druggist and had fourteen stories published under various pseudonyms during that time. Porter was released for good behavior after serving three years. Later he moved to New Y ork City and specialized in writing.In his prolific writing life , O. Henry wrote more than 300 short stories and among those are some world famous pieces:A Service of Love,The Cop And The Anthem,The Gift of The Magi,The Last Leaf,The Road We Take ,After Twenty Y ears, The Furnished Room, The Man Higher Up,The Ransom of Red Chief,The Romance of A Busy Broker,An Unfinished Story.3 Investigation of O.Henry’s writing technique3.1Careful Plotting and Ironic CoincidenceO.Henry‘s success lies in his theme choice from real life and careful plotting. The changeable plots keep the readers in suspence and the ironic coincidence surprises the reader but at the same time makes them feel it should happened in that way.In His most famous story, The Gift of The Magi he spins the story of a young couple who are short of money but desperately want to buy each other Christmas gifts. The husband sells his only favorite watch to buy a set of combs for his wife, while she uses the money from selling her beautiful hair to buy him a pocket chain. The author arranges the entire plot just to make readers anticipate the excitement of the outcome. From the beginning, the readers keep guessing what the couple will buy for each other, and the irony of their gifts is the greatest suspense the author puts into this story. However, after deading, the readers will agree to the title The Gift of the Magi because there will be no gift in the world more valuable than love.3.2 Surprising Endings3.2.1Ironic endingAt the end of The Cop And The Anthem, O.Henry gave us a great surprise --- when Soapy was planning to be somebody in the world, hewas announced to be arrested. It was difficult to say it was a tragedy or a comedy to Soapy, yet the reality is opposite to Soap y‘s mind again.This ending is out of readers‘ imagination, and the sudden stop makes it difficult for readers to understand the story immediately. This is the O .Henry‘s working --- the unexpected ending that beyond the people‘s normal expectation. The ending was both ironic and unexpected in the stories. Between dream and truth, there is a distance. While just this kind of ending attracts more and more readers of worldwide to O.Henry‘s novels. His extraordinary ending raises the story to a higher level, thus he owns everyone‘s admiration.3.2.2 Implication endingSome of O. Henry‘s short stories didn‘t explain a cle ar end but for some hints, so that the readers understands tacitly. Unfinished Story just possesses this kind of ending. It tells about a poor beautiful girl Darcie rejected the wealthy, bad Piggy‘s invitation to dinner by faith. Y et if Piggy asks Darcie again to dine with him, the poor girl could not assure that she would be able to reject it.The author has not explained. But readers will be conscious of beautiful and poverty of Darcie‘s fate will be more miserable, they will certainly like the hate of the week and only give five or six dollar a week.3.2.3 Solution endingDefinition:Using readers‘curious mental, he often set some mysteries and dose not give the answer until the end of the novel so that he can make the readers suddenly enlightened, in this way readers can have a deeper understanding about the mysteries in the novel.For example: In The Song And The Sergeant a warmly welcomed comedy was messed up by the comedy troupe. The actor and actress were blaming each other, they played it again in the police station, and when the actor sang‖will you marry me‖ emotionally, the actress suddenly realized his love and cried. Until then, everyone (including the readers) knew where the problems are and gave them their best wishes.3.2.4 Coincidence endingDefinition: At the end of the stories, it often appears some unexpected coincidence (also include " untimeliness").The coincidence and untimeliness in the ending not only increase drama and interest of the work but also provoke thought. These coincidences can be divided into two parts: one is purely by chance; it lets readers think more deeply about the necessity of the story throughout occasionality. In The Cop And The Anthem, Soapy, who prepared for the coming winter----trying his best to be arrested into the prison, was finally moved by the anthem of the church. And he decided to make a man ofhim again and just at that moment he was arrested by a police. There are a series of coincidences, but also exist necessities: he wanted to be arrested just because of the cold winter, his nature was not bad. He could be good. But the social system was so unreasonable, the judicatures were so corrupt and incompetent. This coincidence reflects that the social reality of the United States at that time was serious unreasonable.3.2.5 Revealing endingIn O. Henry‘s short stories, in order to reveal the true fact of problems, he often uses some ending techniques, so that readers can understand the profound meaning of the short story. The story, The whirligig of Life, mainly depicts three characters of a famer couple, and a little local justice .Because of complains and quarrels, the couple were to divorce at the justice‘office. However, the justice wanted to get a five-dollar bill, the whole possession of the couple, as the commission charge of divorce. And in fact, the wife didn‘t want to divorce, therefore she required that his husband give her five dollars as alimony. At last they composited.The author describes at the ending, ―Once again he lovingly fingered the five dollar bill stuffed into his coat pocket …‖ which reveals the inability, greedy, and selfishness of the justice.3.2.6 Repeating endingO. Henry sometimes repeats the classic plots at the end of the story, which deepen the readers‘ impressions and understanding to the work. In the story, The Roads We Take, the author says,“The expression on Dodson's face changed in an instant to one of cold ferocity mingled with inexorable cupidity. The soul of the man showed itself for a moment like an evil face in the window of a reputable house”And at the ending O. Henry repeats the description of the robber‘s image when he was killing a man, which not only shocked the readers, but also made people deeply be impressed by the essence of the capitalism.3.3. Wry HumorHumor is one of the American literary traditions. Starts from Washington Irving, many writers are good at writing those lovely, funny stories. O.Henry had inherited this tradition. The contemporary writers‘ influence and his rough experience make his unique humor out of the ordinary, which is full of bitter laughter. His wry humor is mainly reflected in three aspects: works themselves, the characters and the literary language.3.3.1 humor of worksThe Cop And The Anthem ,for example , is about a New Y ork Cityhobo named Soapy, who sets out to get arrested so he can avoid sleeping in the cold winter as a guest of the city jail. Despite efforts at petty theft, vandalism, disorderly conduct, and "mashing" with a young prostitute, Soapy fails to draw the attention of the police. Disconsolate, he pauses in front of a church, where an organ anthem inspires him to clean up his life — and it is ironically that at that moment he was charged for loitering and sentenced to three months in prison without reason at all. How humor the story is!3.3.2 humor of the charactersThe Gift of The Magi, for example, is about a young couple who is short of money but desperately wanted to buy each other Christmas gifts. Unbeknownst to Jim, Della sells her most valuable possession, her beautiful hair, in order to buy a platinum fob chain for Jim's watch; while unbeknownst to Della, Jim sells his own most valuable possession, his watch, to buy jeweled combs for Della's hair. They were a little silly to some extent, but the real love shows incisively and vividly in the two humorous characters.3.3.3 humor of the literary languageIn O.Henry‘s short stories, the use of rhetoric is the mo st important features, which makes the story full of humorous and wit. The Cop andthe Anthe m, for example, contains kinds of rhetoric. Fist, simile. ―‗Nocop for youse,’said the waiter, with a voice like butter cakes and an eyelike the cherry in a Manhattan cocktail.”This sentence makes thewaiter's anger and witty image lifelike. Then, metaphor. “A dead leaf fellin Soapy's lap. That was Jack Frost's card.”A common leaf suddenly became a gatekeeper of the approaching winter. Last, euphemism. ―Thetime had come for him to resolve himself into a singular Committee ofWays and Means to provide against the coming rigor.‖ Here the "single Finance Committee‖ actuall y refers to the Soviet himself. The euphemism used to make the language more humorous.4.conclusionO.henry‘s humor lies in the plots ,language and description of the main figures in his works.These detailed things make the story dramatic but convincing to readers.The O.henry-style ending is unexpctedly surprising .We may show bitter smiles after knowing how things end up ,like tragic and sad things which reflect the cruel social reality are described in a comic way.Short stories of O.Henry‘s are relaxing but thought-provoking. The plots are put in a plain way which is reader-friendly and eligible.This kind of profound philosophy put in a easy way is pretty impressive to readers.Through studying short stories of O.Henry's we experience the darkness of thesocial background he lived in. And the soft way of criticizing it makes us feel more strongly how helpless people were under such a poor situation. We fully appreciate his style of putting things up and we will follow some in our own later writing.参考文献:欧亨利作品在中国的译介与影响,中州学刊,常润芳,2010-04,第58页欧亨利小说中的现实主义及表现形式,文学教育,张磊,2010-07,第20页欧亨利短篇小说的主题思想和语言特点(英),大众文艺(理论),张明洋,刘映雪,2009-01,第53页欧亨利式小说结尾例谈,语文世界,陈玉驹,2006-Z1,第35页欧亨利短篇小说赏析,安徽文学(下半月),李玲,2006-10,第27页欧亨利小说反讽的语用分析,重庆科技学院学报,卢歆,2010年第07期,第51页人性向善的光芒—简析欧亨利小说,新西部,李学,2010年06期,第78页《欧亨利市民小说》,钱满素,百家出版社,第二辑5册《美国文学史》,常耀信,南开大学出版社。
对欧亨利小说英文版的评价
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对欧亨利小说英文版的评价对欧亨利小说的评价篇一Reaction to an Article——Short Stories of O. Henry O. Henry is a nice master of short story at the twentieth century in America. His unique sense of humor is full of depression and sad emotions. Due to this kind of bitter laughter, we could feel exaggerated, cynical, witty and humorous when we read them.Throughout O. Henry’s work, the plot develops unexpectedly at the end of the story. When the readers feel dismayed, they actually believe that the author really gives a reasonable end of the story. It’s quite fantastic. Henry is also good at observing things and focus on details, which makes his writing lively. Anyhow, “The Gift of the Magi” and “The Last Leaf” give me an impression mostly.The Gift of the Magi mainly tells the story that the day before Christmas, poor Della want to give her husband Jim a surprise. However, she only had one dollar and eighty-seven cents. She knew that the little money was not enough to buy a nice present. So Della sold her long, beautiful hair which fell about her shoulders “like a cascade of brown waters”. Then, Della looked all over the shop, finally buying a platinum fobchain, which can be matched with Jim’s watch. But, Jim wanted to surprise Della as well. He sold his proud gold watch and bought her a set of combs that Della had watched long in a Broadway’s window. After reading this article, it really gives me a big shock. In this story, the main characters all lost their most valuable things——Jim’s golden watch and Della’s beautiful hair. Behind this, I saw they loved each other deeply. The love in their family letting me feel that cold Christmas Eve has become the warmest heaven just because of their gifts. It is so selfless that that they can sacrifice their most valuable things in order to give each other the best gift. I learned how to respect others’ love and how to love others. With this kind of love, mutual understanding between man and woman could full of trust and affection. I firmly believe that the world will have a better tomorrow as long as our hearts full of love.The story The Last Leaf described a young couple of good friends Sue and Joanna, who“found their tastes in art, chicory salad and bishop sleeves so congenial that they joint studio resulted”. Unfortunately, an unseen stranger, whom the doctors calledPneumonia, spread in the in that city and Joanna got it seriously. One day afternoon, Joanna was desperately looking out of the window and was counting the leaves on the ivy tree. She firmly convinced that she would leave the world after the last leaf fell. She hadn’t any passion for the future life. Sue has no other better way but to ask help from Mr. Behrman, an old poor artist who lived on the ground floor beneath them, was a failure in art. He has always wanted to paint a masterpiece, but had never begun it. At the beginning, he was very scornful about this frustrated girl who was giving up her life after hearing of the last leaf story from Sue.Actually,in this old man’s feeling inside, he earnestly wanted to save this poor and young girl. He painted the last vivid and lovely leaf throughout a dreadful night. Finally, this masterpiece has been completed and Joanna was full of hope again. However, Mr. Behrman died because of the Pneumonia. The story ended here, but, the sincere friendship would never stop forever because it is hovered in the readers’heart. Let us respect this best art-man——Behrman.Though Behrman died at the end of the novel, such way of Behrman’s death is really surprising. Because we all know,his pneumonia was much worse than Joanna and his death will come sooner or later. Anyways, Behrman saved Joanna in a silent and artistic way, which truly shocked me. In O. Henry’s eyes, Behrman was a failure in art, but we might say he was a success in humanity. That’s also why I like Henry’s novel, even though O. Henry did not give Behrman too many words.By the way, I also associate him with my parents after reading The Last Leaf. Our parents breed us and give us their best present. Just like old Behrman, who sacrificed himself, helped Joanna cheer up. Here is also another story. A long time ago, there was a huge apple tree. A little boy loved to come and lay around it every day. He loved the tree and the tree loved to play with him. Time went by, the little boy had grown up and he no longer played around the tree every day. After a long time, the boy came back.However, in order to live, he picked all the tree’s apples and sold them for money. The boy even chopped off the branches to build his house and used its trunk to build the boat. Finally, the boy returned after he left for many years. He is too old and wanted a place to rest. The old tree shared its roots and gave the last best place to the boy. The boy is like us andthe tree is just like old Behrman, our parents. So, we shall do all of our efforts to return the contributions to them. In many conditions, O. Henry’s novel is so attractive and wonderful. With these unexpected but reasonable endings, Henry expresses his ideas completely——something reflects the reality of the society. Perhaps, this might be the reason why O. Henry is so famous.对欧亨利小说的评价篇二Reading Henry Henry’s novels, there is always a relaxed but can not wait to feel, is easy, because his story is not heavy, and that can not wait, but also because I always eager to know the truth, Look at this seems to be not logical, unexpected, but reasonable, intriguing end.Among them, the most famous, is “Maggie’s gift.”In the beginning, the author focuses on the golden watch of James Dillingham Young and his wife, and the hair of Draco. He wrote: “If the Queen of Sheba lived in the apartment opposite the courtyard, one day De la will be the hair loose down, exposing the window to dry, so that the Queen’s pearl baby eclipsed; if the basement filled with And when he passed by, he would work out a gold watch, so that King Solomon might be jealous with his bearded eyes. “The couple lived in poverty,but fell in love with one another, The other a Christmas gift, Jim sold the table, buy a comb, and his wife has sold his hair, bought a bracelet. At the beginning of this period, I really for the couple grievances, strenuous thought for each other to buy a gift, but became a great irony. The rich can spend as much money, but the poor have to use their most valuable thing to exchange. But as I read, I wrote, “As you know, Maggie is a wise man and a wise man who brings presents to Jesus who was born in the manger, Since they are smart people, there is no doubt that their gifts are also smart gifts, if you run into two things exactly the same, may also have the right to exchange here, I have been awkward to introduce you to the It was not surprising that the two silly children in the apartment suite were not surprised by the plain story, and they sacrificed the most precious thing in their house for the sake of the other, but let us say the last word to the present wise man, The two of them are the cleverest, the smartest of all those who give and receive gifts, like the two of them.Wherever they are, they are the smartest people. Maggie. “Yes, on the face of it, they are most unwise to sacrifice the most precious things of their home to each other.But their love for each other is the price of money, money can not be exchanged for the truth, the Christmas gift is just a symbol, but the rally of love is indeed above the crowd. They can be called Maggie - the spread of love for the world sent the Gospel of the saints. They symbolize this valuable quality, in the author’s view, this is the world’s most intelligent things.The end of this paragraph, is the European-Henry little end of the comments, but enough to see the author’s praise of true love, I believe the world has the truth, the hope of a better world.In this book, I most like, there are “noble liar”series, Jie Pu Peters and An Dai these two liars, in the “precise marriage”, “charity mathematics lecture”, “Art conscientiousness “and” tiger tooth extraction “, through various exotic methods of deception, and sometimes at the beginning or end, you always thought that the two will do something good while cheating, such as two thousand dollars to Mrs. Trotter To get married, or to do the school, but in the end, the money or to their hands, it is ironic. But in any case, for these two liars, but how I hate it. I think the reason liesin the following passage: “You go to church in your hometown, do worship, and behave like a decent citizen, but you come to Chicago and want to deprive others of money.”Those people are the same kind of villains as you want to be today. You know, the people who sell counterfeit money is also a small old, rely on his breadwinner .It is precisely because you these hypocritical citizens specifically want to get something for nothing, only to contribute to the If you do not have them, you have nothing to do. You’re going to rob the man selling counterfeit money, and it may take years to study the industry. If he gets the money, you can go to the police, and you get his money, he had no choice but to utter a silent, pawn his coat will be replaced for a change of course, he will take the money, “This is Mr. Tucker’s role, and it is the inner words of Jeppe Peters. Human nature is good, no one is born to be bad, but it is precisely because these want to get something for the hypocrites, capitalists, only to make the poor people are helpless, they are forced by life, forced to cheat. The people they cheated, but also take most of the ill-gotten gains, the two use of greed, good and vanity, indolent mind, with their freedom, money and even life as a bargaining chip, to make aliving, for them, What really hateful place? The author of the dark corrupt American society, is the biggest liar, is the source of evil.In addition, there are “flashy”, “car waiting time,” the two articles side by side, a encounter, the real upper class to hide their identity, the poor have their own illusory into the rich, which can be seen at the time the United States The social atmosphere - money first. This trend is still prevalent in many places, is lamentable. This is the inner contradiction of Europe Henry, on the one hand, he believed and praised the true love of mankind, such as “Maggie’s Gift”, “Love Dedication”, “Bear John Tom’s Ancestral Phenomenon”, He satirized the world of things unpredictable, hypocritical cunning side, such as “with furniture rental room”“two Thanksgiving gentleman.” In his pen, the bad guys have good side, and the so-called gentleman, powerful people, is the real forces of darkness. Such as “re-life” in Jimmy, “the tiger’s mouth extraction” in the hardware giant. This is obviously not consistent with the logic of ordinary people can be read down, look at the community, this is the truth. Perhaps people marvel at the ingenious writing of Henry Henry, but moreof a shock to the dark side of society in which we are looming but no one dares to face it.对欧亨利小说的评价篇三”Police and hymn”should be the text we have learned very ironic, and impressed me a very short story. Holiday is very happy to buy back this book, so when the toilet every day will be more than a pastime content.Europe Henry’s novel idea, language, humor, the outcome is often surprising; and because of the description of a large number of characters, rich in life, known as the “American life of the encyclopedia of humor.”Therefore, his best short stories such as “Sacrifice of Love”, “Police and Hymn”, “Room with Furniture Rental”, “Gift of Maggie” and “Last Ivy of Leaves” Short stories. His words are lively, good at using puns, correct pronunciation, homophonic and old code new ideas, fun, be known as [tearful smile]. He also describes, creates and reproduces the atmosphere, especially the metropolitan nightlife, with precise details.There is a unique art style called “tearful smile”. Europe Henry’s soul in the novel all cohesion in the end, so that the reader seems to be plain before the witty and humorous description of the sounds, unknowingly entered the authorcarefully set the maze, until the last , Suddenly, such as electric light flash, before illuminating the previously hidden everything, as if in the reader hide and seek, or in the play masks, to the reader the last surprise.”Maggie’s Gift”is an interesting article written by O. Henry. It tells the story of Christmas the day before, the poor Dela in the apartment wanted to give her husband Jim a surprise, but she only one dollar octagonal seven points, she knew that this money is not enough to buy any good gift, so she put Pride in the brown waterfall-like hair cut down, sold, in exchange for 20 dollars. Looking through the shops, Della spent 21 dollars, and finally buy a simple platinum bracelet, which can be accompanied by Jim’s piece of gold watch. Jim also wanted to give his wife a surprise, he also sold the proud gold watch, bought the envy of long-awaited full set of beautiful combs for Christmas gifts.From this article, although on the surface they are very unwise to sacrifice their home each other’s most precious things, but I deeply feel that they love each other each other. They can sacrifice their most expensive items, in order to buy the best gift to each other. But the two sides to sell theirprecious items, then the other party’s gift is not suitable for their own, and they do these things, are for the sake of each other, did not consider themselves. It is because they love each other, and is deeply in love with each other, will have such an interesting ending. Europe Henry to the short stories of the United States to bring new atmosphere, his work which has long enjoyed a good reputation, and has the world influence. Love is also intoxicating why the wine, the book can be incense I do not have to spend.。
欧亨利的英文简介
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欧亨利的英文简介欧·亨利,美国现代短篇小说创始人,曾被评论界誉为曼哈顿桂冠散文作家和美国现代短篇小说之父,下面是店铺为你整理的欧亨利的英文简介,希望对你有用!欧·亨利简介O Henry (1825-1911), also translated Austrian Henry, formerly known as William Sidney Porter, American short novelist, founder of the American modern short story, its main works are "Maggie's gift "," Police and hymn "," last leaf "," twenty years later "and so on.September 11, 1862, Henry Henry was born in the United States North Carolina Greensboro, has worked as a bank clerk, pharmacists and so on. In February 1896, Ou Henry was imprisoned for allegations of misappropriation of public funds and fled to Honduras. In 1898 again in prison, began to publish works. In 1902, Henry Henry moved to New York to become a professional writer. On June 5, 1910, O Henry died of liver cirrhosis in New York. Ou Henry and Chekhov and Maupassan tied the world's three major short stories, has been criticized as the Manhattan laurel prose writer and the father of modern American short stories, his works are "American life encyclopedia" reputation.欧·亨利人物经历September 11, 1862, Henry Henry was born in the United States North Carolina Greensboro, formerly known as William Sidney Porter.In 1865, when Henry Henry was three years old, his mother died of tuberculosis. In the same year, he and his father moved to his grandmother's house to live, and he was sent to a privateschool run by his brother. He was later raised by his grandmother and aunt, and his aunt inspired his love for literature.In 1876, Henry Henry graduated from aunt's private school. Then he went to high school to study, but was forced to drop out of school in 1877, to his uncle's pharmacy for five years apprentice. Juvenile Henry Henry likes to paint, and quite talent, he was young when they wanted to be a painter.In March 1882, a doctor named James K. Hall of Greensboro saw that Henry Henry was in a bad condition and took him to a sheep farm in Lassalle County, Texas. Henry Henry liked the life of the western ranch, where he lived for two years. He sometimes helps to do the shepherd, the chef, the baby caregiver, and learn from some immigrants for some time in Spanish and German.In 1884, Henry Henry came to Austin, living in a fellow home, and in Austin to find a job. Henry Henry has changed the living conditions of the poor by singers, dramatists, pharmacists, draftsmen, journalists and tellers. Western life inspired his humorous cells, and became an important material for his later short stories. He changed his ambition at the age of 21 and decided to become a writer.In 1887, Henry Henry and Aosol Estes (married to Aso Porter) married, the same year in the "Detroit free press and real" published works.In 1891, Henry Henry came to Austin First National Bank as a cashier.In 1894, Henry Henry spent $ 250 to buy Austin's weekly magazine, renamed it "Rolling Stone", making it a humorous magazine. He is both editors and publishers, write their own articles, painting their own. In October the same year, the federal bank inspector found that the account of Europe Henry hadproblems, he had to resign.In April 1895, a year after the editor of the Rolling Stones, the magazine failed completely, so that Henry Henry returned the magazine to the original. Then they moved to Houston, where Henry Henry went to the "Houston Post" as a journalist and columnist.In February 1896, Euro Henry was prosecuted for misappropriation of public funds, passed the trial and was temporarily held. His father-in-law will be released from prison. Originally, Henry Henry's case was not serious, but he fled to New Orleans on the day before the summons (July 7, 1896) and then fled to Honduras. He spent several months at the hotel in Tegucigalpa. He learned to help him in his early years, and he began writing novels "cabbage and kings" in Honduras.In February 1897, O Henry was informed that his wife suffering from tuberculosis was in critical condition and returned to Austin. He was arrested immediately after returning home, but soon again by father-in-law released from prison. On July 25, his wife, Aso Porter, died of tuberculosis.In February 1898, Ou Henry was convicted and sentenced to five years in prison. On 25 March, he commenced his sentence in federal prison in Columbus, Ohio. During his sentence, O. Henry was a prisoner, and in order to maintain his daughter and his life, and for her daughter to school, he began to write short stories. In the same year, O Henry changed his name from William Sidney Porter to William Sydney Poter.In December 1899, he published his short story "The Whistle King Dick's Christmas Socks" in the "Macquarie" magazine's Christmas number with "O Henry" as the pseudonym. He sent the novel to his friend in New Orleans, and his friend wasforwarded to the magazine. Since then, his pen name began to pay attention to the reader.In 1901, three years and three months later, Ou Henry was released in prison for good performance. On July 24, he reunited with her daughter in Pittsburgh.In 1902, Henry Henry moved to New York, became a professional writer, created hundreds of excellent short stories. In New York, due to the publication of a large number of masterpieces, he fame and fortune, and sometimes by journalists. But he not only squandered, but gambling, and infected with his father's abuse of alcoholism. The indulgence of writing and the incompetence of life made his body severely damaged.In 1904, Henry Henry published the only novel in his life "cabbage and kings", which is a loose structure of political satire, sometimes also regarded as short stories.In 1906, Euro Henry published a short story collection of "four million".In 1908 he divorced his second wife, Sarah Lindsay Coleman. His economic situation began to bad, in order to alleviate the pressure of life, he had to quickly create novels to pay royalties, which also led to the quality of his works uneven. He often drinks six days a week, gambling, the seventh day to spend a day to write a short story, and then to the magazine published. In the same year, he published the short story collection "City Voice" and "the last leaf".In 1909, Henry Henry published a short story collection "The Road to Destiny".In 1910, Ou Henry created the "red hair chiefs ransom". On June 3, Henry Henry fell ill in writing his last short story "Dream" in his life. On June 5, Henry Henry died of cirrhosis. His funeralwas held in New York, where he was buried in Asheville, North Carolina.。
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大 众 文 艺大58day forward, Buck lived for that man. After being with this man for quite some time, Buck started to hear a call from far away. He started paying more and more attention to this call. He went out for days at a time searching for its source. This call was the call of the wild. He had a will to go off and be with other dogs. He felt the urge to be free from man and catch his own food. One day, Buck finally left for good. He was excepted by a pack of wolves who treated him like a wolf himself. And so the transformation was complete. Buck had changed from a dog, to a beast of nature.Bibliographies[1] London Jack. The Call of the Wild. [M]New York: Airmont Publishing Co. Inc, 1964.[2] Pizer, Donald. American Realism and Naturalism. [M]Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2000.[3]The New Encyclopaedia Britannica, 15th ed.1993.[4]蒋承勇(主编). 欧美自然主义文学的现代阐释.[M]上海:复旦大学出版社,2002[5]柳鸣九.自然主义大师佐拉.[M]上海:上海文艺出版社,1989作者简介孙海晶(1983年-),女,满族,河北省遵化市人,北京第二外国语院,英语专业O’Henry, one of the three most famous short-story writers in the world, enjoys equal status with Chekhov and Maupassant. His short stories are famous for its unexpected ending, as well as their exquisite conception. O’Henry’s sympathy for the poor social underdogs, his eulogy of human virtues and exposure of human evils are highlighted as the keynote of his works. Humanity endows his works with perpetual artistic charm. His short stories are typically American, portraying various types of people in the United States.1 The Main Theme of O’Henry’s Works1.1Human VirtuesIn his works, O’Henry presents the panorama of the American people to readers with ironic and humorous tone. O’Henry is sympathetic with the poor; he praises the human virtues and denounces human defeats. Humanity, as the eternal theme of O’Henry’s works, endows his works with perpetual artistic charm. Human being has many virtues from ancient times to the present. They are kind, brave, honest, hard-working, polite, thrifty, generous, and hospitable and so on. Some people pay a great deal in order to maintain these virtues, they sacrifice their own happiness even life for the lofty love and friendship; they help others without asking for rewards and regard it as a pleasure; they give up their own treasure and chance to others etc. Such people bring love and fine things to the world; they are the ones who endow the world with light and hope.1.2 Human EvilsHuman beings have many defects, too. Sometimes they are lazy, rapacious, gluttonous, officious, vain, arrogant, shameless, cowardly, impetuous etc. They benefit themselves at the expense of others, they never show mercy and sympathy to the poor in order to make money, they realize their own aims by hook or by crook etc. Their evil deeds make the world vicious. By exposing the human defects and the dark sides of the world, O’Henry wants to awaken people’s conscience and deepest desire for all good things, so thatpeople can use their efforts to save and cleanse the whole world.2 Features of Language of O’Henry’s Works2.1 Figure of Speech 2.1.1 MetaphorIn O’Henry’s writings, metaphor is another feature which is worth mention. “A symbol differs from a metaphor in that its application is left open as an unstated suggestion, whereas the metaphor ties a concrete image to an identifiable abstract quality.” The image in metaphor represents specific meaning. But the symbolic image remains indeterminate in its possible meanings; it is usually a substantial image in its own right, around which further significances may gather according to differing interpretations.The metaphor under discussion here does not mean that as a rhetorical device or figure of speech, though the metaphorical sentences as wonderful as the one “Manhattan, the night-blooming cereus, was beginning to unfold its dead-white, heavy-odored petals” teem in O’Henry’s short stories. What is to be probed is the metaphor exploited as a skill in story-writing.In the third branch of Roads of Destiny, the hero David Mig not is a shepherd, but he is too indulged in writing poems to take enough care of his sheep. The flock steadily grows smaller and his wife keeps on complaining. Then one of his friends introduces him to a learned man called Georges Bril, David asks Monsieur Bril to read his poems, because he wants to know if he shall write more or give his attention to his sheep. When Monsieur Bril has read all the verses, he concludes that David has no talent for poem-writing. In order to tell the harsh truth in a mild way, he asks David to look at the crow in the tree. Instead of commenting on the poems directly, Monsleur Bril praises the crow that is content with his lot. In this metaphorical way he advises David tactfully not to try to write poems any more. David sees the point and feels discouraged. He goes back home and thrusts his poems into the stove. Hearing the rustle of the欧亨利短篇小说的主题思想和语言特点张明洋1 刘映雪2(1.长安大学 人文学院 西安 710064 2.沈阳师范大学 旅游管理学院 沈阳 110034)【摘 要】欧亨利是美国二十世纪初期最著名的短篇小说家之一。