北京大学出版《英美文化与习俗》重点与课后答案

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英美文化课后答案 Chapter 6 Social Life and Customs

英美文化课后答案6Lecture 6 Social Life and CustomsT ell whether each of the following statements is true or false.1-10: FFFTT/FFTFT 11-20: FFFFF/TTTTT 21-29: FTFFF/FTFTFill in the blanks with the correct information.1. the public opinion; people’s morals, rule2. The Times; The Guardian; The Daily Telegraph; The Observer3. The Guardian; the Labor Party; the Conservative4. Football Association5. flat racing; hurdle racing6. American Football Conference, National Football Conference7. The New York Times; The Washington post; The Wall Street Journal; The Los Angeles Times8.2.25 million 9. candy 10. bonfires; jack-o’-lanterns 11. Football Association 12. steeplechase 13. 16 or 17 14. during the July to September quarter 15. The British LibraryChoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in the text.1-10: BBDAC/DDCCA11-20: BDBCD/CCADC 21-30: DABDC/ DACBDExplain the following terms.1. TabloidTabloids always deal in some scandals and gossip of the famous people in politic s, sports or entertainment.2. BBCFor a long period, the only television programs in Britain were produced by the BBC, the British Broadcasting Company, which was funded by the sale of TV licenses. The BBC was sponsored by the national government, which broadcasts radio and television programs for domestic and foreign markets.3. WimbledonWimbledon is the place now where the best tennis players gather to compete for a championship. It is a suburb of London. The Wimbledon Cup is one of the major sports events in Britain and probably the most famous tennis event in the world.4. Horse racingHorse racing is the true sport of British Kings and Queens. The two types of horse racing are flat racing and hurdle racing. Flat racing is racing where horse riders compete on a flat track. Hurdle racing is racing across the countryside or around the obstacles encountered.5. ChristmasChristmas is celebrated on December 25 and is the greatest of the Christian festivals. Christmas is a religious holiday during which Christians commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ. There are three traditions for Christmas Day in Britain. The first is Christmas Pantomime, which is a comical musical play. Another tradition on Christmas is to hear the Queen of Britain give her Christmas message through television and radio. The third British tradition is Boxing Day whichis the day after Christmas.6. USA TodayOf all the newspapers, the most widely circulated paper in the United States is USA Today averaging over 2.25 million copies every weekday.7. All-Star GameIt is the game in which the best players from basketball teams from the eastern and western divisions display their skills. It begins in mid-February.8. ThanksgivingThanksgiving always occurs on the fourth Thursday in November at the end of the harvest season. It is a festival to express thanks for the year’s harvest. On Thanksgiving Day family members always gather for a rich dinner of roast turkey with stuffing, sweet potatoes and pumpkin pie, which are traditional foods eaten on the first Thanksgiving.9. HalloweenHalloween is celebrated on October 31st, shortened from All-Hallows-Eve, the night when the ghosts of the dead walked around. Halloween activities include trick-or-treating, bonfires, costume parties, carving jack-o'-lanterns, haunted houses, reading scary stories and watching horror movies.10. Trick-or-treatingOn this day the children will dress like the character of a book or movie and go “trick-or-treating”. Children knock on neighbors’ doors asking for candy as a treat.Short Answer Questions1.These magazines often contain short stories and serials of strong romantic interest, as well aspractical advice and hints for housewives.2.These are terms which refer to the size of the paper: broadsheet being double the size tabloid.However, the term “tabloid” is traditionally associated with the popular press and concentrates on entertainment; broadsheet is associated with the quality press and places its emphasis on information and analysis.3.In the nineteenth century, students at Oxford and Cambridge, Britain’s two oldest universities,were huge fans of rowing. In 1829, the two schools agreed to hold a race against each other for the first time on the Thames River. The oxford boat won and a tradition was born.4.Shakespeare’s famous plays include tragedies, such as Hamlet (1603), Othello(1604), andKing Lear (1605); comedies, such as A midsummer Night’s Dream(1594-96) and Twelfth Night (1602); and history plays, such as Henry IV, part 1 – 2.5.Rugby League is played mainly in the north of England, and Rugby Union is played in therest of England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. The main difference between the two is that the former (which used to be strictly amateur) is played with teams of 15 players, and the latter (which is played by amateurs and professionals) has 13 players to a team.。

英美文化课后答案 Chapter 2 History

英美文化课后答案2Lecture 2 HistoryTell wheher each of the following statements is true or false1-10: FTTFT/TFTFF 11-20: FTTTF/FTTFFFill in the blanks with the correct information.1. Celt2. Romans3.5th4. Viking; 10665. Hundred Years’ War6. York7. divorce8.11 9. Elizabeth I; Queen Victoria 10. America 11. 1492 12. Virginia; 1607 13. Thanksgiving Day 14. 13 15. Declaration of Independence 16. 4th of July 17. Uncle Tom’s Cabin 18. 1865 19. World War I 20. World War II 21. Puritans, religious, Mayflower 22. Thomas Jefferson, Declaration of Independence, National Day 23. Monroe Doctrine, colonize, interfere 24. agrarian, industrial, Andrew Jackson 25. Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, slavery 26. 1932, recovery, New DealChoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in text.1-10: ABDCD/CBDAB 11-20: CBDCB/DCADD 21-30: BDABA/DCBCBExplain the following terms.1. The Anglo-SaxonsIn the 5th century, the tribes called the Angles and Saxons invaded Britain, coming from northern Europe. By the end of the 5th century, the Anglo-Saxons ruled most of Britain. Their language was called Old English. From them comes the name of “England” and “English”; England came from “Angle-land” meaning the land of the Anglo-Saxons.2. Norman ConquestAfter King Edward died, Duke William of Normandy, from northern France, declared that Edward had promised to let him become the king. On October 14, 1066, William and his army invaded England and defeated the English army. He was made king and crowned in Westminster Abby on Christmas Day, 1066. William is often referred to as William the Conqueror in English history.3. Robin HoodEngland's best-loved legend of Robin Hood is an outlawed Saxon nobleman oppressed by the Normans. He hid i n the forest near Sherwood with his band of followers, called “merry men”. From this secret wood, they went out to rob from the rich to give to the poor with their longbows. Robin Hood has been a popular subject of numerous films, television series, books, comics and plays.4. The Hundred Years’ WarAt the beginning of the 14th century, England developed into a stronger state in Europe. Consequently, the rich wanted to control more markets and the nobles wanted to regain their lost land. When King Edward III of England declared that he should become the French king, the French rejected his claim so he declared war on France in 1337. The war lasted intermittently for116 years, hence being known as the Hundred Years’ War.5. The Civil WarIn January 1642 the Civil War broke out between the Roundheads (supporters of Parliament) and the Cavaliers (supporters of the King). The Civil War ended with the Parliamentary victory and it led to the execution of Charles I, and his son Charles II was driven out of the country in 1649. In addition to that, Oliver Cromwell, the leader of the Roundheads,formed republican England, known as the Commonwealth of England and the English monarchy was abolished.6. American IndiansThe American Indians were the descendants of t he Mongoloid. The name “Indians” was given by Columbus when he mistook them for the people of India. It is believed that about 25,000 years ago the Indians crossed the Bering Strait land bridge to Alaska. The American Indians developed the brilliant civilizations of the Aztecs, the Incas and the Mayas.7. Columbus’ “discovery ” of AmericaIn 1492, Columbus persuaded the king and queen of Spain to finance his voyage. He believed that by sailing west from Europe, he could reach India. Columbus failed to reach India but landed at one of the Caribbean islands instead. He mistook these islands for part of India and called the local people Indians.8. The MayflowerThe Mayflower has a famous position in American history as a symbol of early European colonization. With their religion oppressed by the Church of England, in the autumn of 1620, 102 people sailed to the New World in a ship named the “Mayflower”. Late in December, the Mayflower finally landed in what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts.9. Declaration of IndependenceOn July 2, 1776, the Congress finally determined that these United Colonies ought to be free and independent states. Thomas Jefferson, assisted by Benjamin Franklin, drafted the Declaration of Independence, which the Congress adopted on July 4, 1776. It announced the independence of 13 North American colonies and the birth of a new nation.10. Abraham LincolnIn March 1861 Abraham Lincoln took the office of president. He realized that by making the war a battle against slavery, he could win support for the Union at home and abroad. On January 1, 1863, he issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which granted freedom to all slaves.11. William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare (1564-1616): English playwright and poet, whose body of works is considered as the greatest in English literature. His plays, many of which were performed at the Globe Theater in London, include historical works, comedies and tragedies. He also composed 154 sonnets and 36 plays.12. Sir Francis BaconSir Francis Bacon (1561-1626): English philosopher, essayist, courtier, jurist, and statesman. His writings include The Advancement of Learning (1605) and The Novum Organum (1620), in which he proposed a theory of scientific knowledge based on observation and experimentation that came to be known as the inductive method.13. Gunpowder PlotGunpowder Plot: Conspiracy of a group of English Catholics to blow up the Houses of parliament where King James I was present on 5 November, 1605. The plan was discovered and Guy Fawkes was caught and burnt alive. In England, 5 November is celebrated with bonfires, fireworks and the burning of the effigies.14. Great Fire of LondonGreat Fire of London (2-5 September, 1666): Worst fire in London’s history. It destroyed a large part of the city, including most of the civic buildings, St. Paul’s Cathedral, 87 parish churches, and about 13,000 houses. It began accidentally at the house of the king’s baker in Pudding Lane near London Bridge.15. Suez Canal CrisisSuez Canal Crisis: A major international incident that arose in 1956 from the decision by Gamal A. Nasser, President of Egypt, to nationalize the Suez Canal, which long had been controlled by Great Britain. After Nasser took over the canal, Britain and France induced Israel to provoke a conflict with Egypt that would serve as a pretext for an Anglo-French invasion of Egypt. The United States, which had been excluded from the planned invasion, denounced it. The incident severely damaged Anglo-American relations.16. John MajorJohn Major (1943- ): British banker and conservative politician, who served as Prime Minister from 1990 to 1997. during this administration, he advocated privatization, anti-inflationary budget discipline, and negotiations for peace in Northern Ireland.17. the First Continental CongressIn September 1774, 55 representatives from all the colonies except Georgia held a meeting in Philadelphia to talk about their troubles with their mother country. The meeting was called the First Continental Congress. At the meeting the majority of representatives still thought they could settle their quarrel with the British by peaceful means. They agreed to refuse to buy British goods, hoping in this way to force the British Government to give in to their demands. They also agreed to raise a volunteer army to protect the colonies if Britain used force to break the boycott.18. Louisiana PurchaseThe most glorious achievement of Jefferson as President was the Louisiana Purchase. The Louisiana Purchase, in 1803, gave Western farmer use of the important Mississippi River waterway, removed the French presence from the western border of US, provided US farmers with vast expanses of land, and furthered American leaders’ vision of creating a “Great Nation”.19. US-Spanish WarThe US-Spanish War broke out in April, 1898, lasted for only 70 days and ended with US as the victor. A peace treaty was signed in December 1898 in Paris. As a result of the war, Spain was forced to cede her former colonies Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines to US; US agreed to pay 20 million dollars for them in an attempt to put a good face on its foreign expansion. Cuba remained a US “protectorate”for some years, while the Philippines were not granted its independence until after the end of WW I. US seized Hawaii from Spain after the US-Spanish War. The US-Spanish War was the first imperialist war for re-dividing the world. It marked a new stage in which US transformed into an imperialist power. From that time the US began its modern history.20. roaring twentiesThe expression of “roaring twenties” is often used to describe the period of American life. The roaring twenties ushered in an exciting time of social change and economic prosperity, as the recession at the end of WW II was quickly replaced by an unprecedented period of financial growth. The stock market soared to unimaginable heights because of the so-called Second Industrial Revolution at the turn of the 20th century, which saw the development of new inventions and machines that changed American society drastically.21. Wathergate ScandalIn the presidential election year 1972, five men of the Committee for the Reelection of the President broke into the Democratic national headquarters at the Water Hotel, Washington, D.C., where they planted bugs in order to get information for the Committee. But unfortunately they were arrested. Although it was never approved that Nixon planned the Watergate break-in or that he ever knew about it beforehand, he was eventually forced out of office because he was found guilty for his effort to avoid the investigation and disclosures.。

英美文化课后答案 Chapter 4 Religion

Chapter 4 ReligionTell whether each of the following statements is true or false.1-10: TFTFF/TFFTT 11-20: TFFTF/TTFTF 21-28: TFTTF/FTFFill in the blanks with the correct information.1. salad bowl2. Christian3. Catholics; Protestants4. Protestants5. Westminster Cathedral6. William Shakespeare7. St. Paul‟s8. 389. the needy; the weak 10. “help yourself” 11. tolerance; acceptance 12. The Roman Catholic Church; the Protestant Church 13. White Anglo-Saxon Protestants 14. John F. Kennedy 15. Jesus‟ birthday16. Silent Night 17. The Last Supper 18. the Bill of Rights 19. Self-improvement 20. Christian 21. archbishop 22. direct 23. Reformed 24. monarchs 25. Reformation, supremacy 26. presbyteries, bishops 27. Act of Settlement 28. Church and State 29. Bible, prayer 30. Fundamentalism; Protestant 31. secularization 32. fundamentalist churches 33. new evangelism 34. melting potChoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in the text.1-10: DBACC/DCBDD 11-20: CDACB/BDCBAExplain the following terms.1. The ReformationThe Reformation refers to a period of time in the history. In 1517, a German monk, Martin Luther, led the breakaway from the Roman Catholic Church. The new Christians called themselves …Protestants‟ because they were protesting against the teachings and customs of the Roman Catholic Church. Their demand for reform led to this period in history called the Reformation, which later spread all over the European continent.2. PuritanismPuritanism is a church broken away from the Protestant Church. Puritans objected that the Protestant Church of England had not moved far enough away from the Roman Catholic Church. They do not have archbishops and their services and the decoration of their churches are very simple. At the end of the 16th century and the beginning of the 17th century, many Puritans suffered from persecution from the Church of England. Then, to seek freedom to practice their own religion, they escaped to the New World, where they set up a new nation later: the United States of America.3. The Church of EnglandThe Church of England came into being during the Reformation of the 16th century. It is the state religion of the U.K. It is the most important denomination in the U.K.. The monarch is head of the Church of England. The Archbishop of Canterbury of the Church of England is regarded as the spiritual leader. Today it is characterized by being both Catholic and Protestant. The Church of England plays an active role in national life.4. WorshipWorship is a form of Christian service. Attending religious services provides an opportunityto glorify God among a gathering of fellow believers. Most services tend to involve prayers, singing, bible reading and possibly a sermon. Christians can worship together in public or on their own in private. The main day on which Christians gather together to worship God is on a Sunday. Other forms of worships include baptisms, weddings and funerals.5. CharityCharity means the giving of help to those in need. The Roman Catholic Church believes that God brought love to the world, so humankind should do good deeds in return to keep the world a nice place to live in. In its earliest days the Roman Catholic Church met the needs of the lower classes. It taught people to work hard as a way to salvation. The church also called for charitable work, giving help to the needy and protecting the weak. It is still regarded as a moral obligation to help the poor, the elderly and the handicapped, and so on.6.Melting PotThe melting pot is an expression used to describe societies experiencing large scale immigration from many different countries, just like the U.S., where people of different cultures, races and religions are combined so as to develop a multi-ethnic society.7.WASP"WASP" stands for White Anglo-Saxon Protestant. It is considered the basis of the mainstream culture of the United States. The people who settled in the 13 North American colonies were mostly white European Protestant believers. The United States was founded and formed largely by Protestants.8.Self-improvementSelf-improvement is one of the most important values mainly held by Protestants in the U.S. Instead of going to priests for forgiveness of their sins, individuals get guidance, forgiveness, and grace directly from God in order to improve themselve s. Some Protestants‟ lives are changed through this. Others believe a relationship with God will improve their lives and will lead them to Heaven after death. Because of these Protestant ideas about personal religion even non-religious Americans often actively seek personal growth and self-improvement.9.V olunteerismUnpaid service is common in American social life. People think helping others is a way of self-improvement. Individuals make themselves into better persons by contributing some of their time or money to charity, education and religion. This philosophy is called volunteerism. Many Americans believe that they should show their love to people in need by devoting part of their time and wealth. This idea comes from the Christian belief that if you love God, you will also love your neighbors.10. PresbyterianPresbyterian: a member of a branch of the Christian Protestant Church that is the national Church of Scotland.11. EpiscopalEpiscopal: (of a Christian Church) that is governed by bishops.12. AnglicanAnglican: a member of the Church of England or of a Church connected with it in another country.13. KirkKirk: a name often used for the official Church of Scotland.14. diocesediocese: a district for which a bishop is responsible.15. secularismsecularism: the belief that religion should not be involved in the organization of society, education, etc.16. Non-conformistNon-conformist: a member of a Protestant Church that does not follow the beliefs and practices of the Anglican Church.17. fundamentalismFundamentalism refers to a belief in, and strict adherence to, a set of basic principles. It was originally coined to describe a narrowly defined set of beliefs that developed into a movement within the Protestant community of the United States in the early part of the 20th century.18. religious pluralismReligious pluralism is a loosely defined expression concerning acceptance of different religions. It is used as the name of the worldview according to which one‟s religion is not the sole and exclusive source of truth, and thus that at least some truths and true values exist in other religions.19. cyber churchCyber church is the extension the church universal into cyberspace. It includes different aspects of Christian community online, especially by those who view this phenomenon as a subset of emerging church, the developing expressions of the faith in relation to culture change.Translation1.Christianity was first introduced into Britain by the Romans in the first century BC.2.Before the 20th century, Judaism had been the only important non-Christian religion in Britain.3.British society was more tolerant of Jews than most other European nations.4.After the Reformation, the Roman Catholic Church in Britain experienced much persecutionand discrimination, and had difficulties in surviving.5.It may take diocesan bishops a number of years before they qualify to take their seat.Questions for Discussion1.Christian Churches: Protestants, Roman Catholics and Eastern Orthodox Churches.2.The fate of America has from the very beginning been closely linked to notions of religiousdestiny. The Puritans presented themselves as God‟s Chosen People, searching for the Promised Land. Although the Constitution declares the separation of Church and State, religion has always pervaded American political life. During inaugural ceremonies, U.S.presidents take the oath of office on the Bible. Almost all American presidents have claimed affiliation with an established church.3.New telecommunication technologies would boost cyber churches –especially amongprofessionals, baby boomers, and perhaps large segments of the elderly in the U.S. One can find religious news and chat groups abound on the Net. Currently, Christian denominations, especially Roman Catholics, dominate cyberspace, accounting for almost 80% of the 10 million or so websites devoted to religion. Recently, an increasing number of religious organizations are using computer technology to spread their message via the Internet to people everywhere in the world.。

英美文化概论答案第一份

英美文化概论答案第一份(总20页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--1、In the format of western names,which name is put first( )A、Family nameB、Last nameC、SurnameD、First name正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：分2Bill is the short version of ( ).A、WilliamB、StevenC、RobertD、Richard正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分3There is only one given name in western name.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Which one is not the key aspect of Chinese culture( )A、Chinese foodB、Spring FestivelC、Chinese medicineD、Football正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：分4Culture is the beliefs, ( ) and way-of-life of a community or society.A、traditionsB、habitsC、customsD、costumes正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：分5Chinese culture is better than American culture.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Topography of the USA已完成成绩：分6( ) and Hawaii are seperated from American mainland.A、ColoradoB、IndianaC、AlabamaD、Alaska正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：分7The two significant mountain ranges of American are ( ) and Appalachian Mountains.A、Rocky MountainsB、Andes MountainsC、Alps MountainsD、Atlas Mountains正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分8Which is the largest states by population( )A、TexasB、New YorkC、CaliforniaD、Florida正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：分9Boston is on the West Coast of America.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Three icons of America已完成成绩：分10Why is Yellowstone National Park important( )A、Because it is the first national park in the world.B、Because it is in America.C、Because it is the biggest national park in America.D、Because it is the first national park in America.正确答案： A 我的答案：D得分：分11Washington, Jefferson, () and Lincoln's faces are made on the Mount Rushmore.( )A、MadisonB、RooseveltC、KennedyD、Adams正确答案： B 我的答案：C得分：分12Which country provided the Statue of Liberty to America( )A、The United KingdomB、CanadaC、AustraliaD、France正确答案： D 我的答案：DComparison of the USA and China已完成成绩：分13Which is not the major environment issues of America( )A、Air pollutionB、Water shortageC、Loss of agricultural landD、desertification正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：分14Which one is wrong, about the geography of America and China( )A、China has more railways than America.B、America has two neighbour countries, Canada and Mexico.C、Both America and China's climates vary greatly.D、America's land is less than China's, but water in America is more than China.正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分15The most fresh water used in China is in ( ).A、DomesticB、IndustryC、LivestockD、Agriculture正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：分16In 2013, the population of China is about ( ) more than that of America.A、3 timesB、4 timesC、5 timesD、6 times正确答案： B 我的答案：C得分：分17The total area of China is bigger than America.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：分18America's population growth rate is lower than China's.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Comparison of the USA and China 2已完成成绩：分19The first three ethnic groups in the USA are ( ).A、White, Hispanic and BlackB、White, Black and HispanicC、White, Black and AsianD、White, Asian and Black正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分20In China, the life expectancy is ( ) years.A、70B、72C、75D、79正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：分211 kilogram is ( ) pounds.A、B、C、D、正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：分22All the countries in the world adopt the metric system, except ( ), Myanmar and Liberia.A、the UKB、the USAC、FranceD、Japan正确答案： B 我的答案：C得分：分23Everyone in America and China can read and write.( )正确答案：×我的答案：√24Which country is the second largest economy in the world( )A、ChinaB、JapanC、South KoreaD、Germany正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分25Which one of following is not an American company( )A、GoogleB、CocaColaC、FacebookD、Airbus正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：分26Per capita means a person.( )正确答案：√我的答案：√Comparison of the USA and China已完成成绩：分27According to the 2013 statistics, which one of the following is wrong( )A、The smallest part in the economic structure of developed countries is agriculture.B、The biggest part of GDP composition in America is Services.C、In 2013, GDP growth rate in America is higher than that in China.D、In 2013, America's inflation rate is lower than China's.正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：分28Which one is right about the labour force in America and China( )A、Most of American labour force are in services.B、Both America and China have the least labour force in agriculture.C、Most Chinese labour force are in agriculture.D、American labour force is more than Chinese.正确答案： A 我的答案：B得分：分29( ) is most used for the electricity production in the USA and China.A、WaterB、NuclearC、WindD、Coal正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：分30The UAS and ( ) is the major export markets of China.A、CanadaB、MexicoC、JapanD、South Korea正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：分31Both American and Chinese governments have significant direct involvement in theeconomy.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：分32Now services in China grows very fast.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×得分：分33The poverty lines in America and China are the same.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Agriculture in the USA已完成成绩：分34( ), Missouri, Iowa, Oklahoma and California have the most farms in the USA.A、ArizonaB、MarylandC、TexasD、Nevada正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：分35Which one is wrong about the American agriculture( )A、Large family farms are much more productive.B、In 2000, farm jobs are very few in America.C、Most income of farm households is from non-farm sources.D、In America, all farmers have jobs in cities.正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：分36In 2012, the top 5 agricultural commodities of America are ( ), cattle, soybeans, dairy products and chickens for meat.A、CornB、PotatoC、TomatoD、Cotton正确答案： A 我的答案：D得分：分3796% of the farmers are black people.( )正确答案：×我的答案：√得分：分38In 2008, most of American agriculture imports were from China.( )正确答案：×我的答案：√Global Financial Crisis已完成成绩：分39Recession is ( ) of negative GDP growth.A、1 quarterB、2 quartersC、3 quartersD、4 quarters正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：分40The GFC Recession started in ( ).A、the USAB、the UKC、JapanD、France正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分41The cause of the GFC Recession in 2007 was ( ).A、Stock bubble burstB、Property bubble burstC、Dotcom bubble burstD、Asset price bubble burst正确答案： B 我的答案：D得分：分42Which one of following is wrong about the GFC Recession ( )A、Banks stopped lending.B、Companies cut jobs.C、Stock market crashed.D、People got more job opportunity.正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：分43China was not affected much by the GFC Recession.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×A Hero and a Villain已完成成绩：分44Bernie Madoff's clients lost about ( ) billion dollars.A、10B、20C、30D、40正确答案： A 我的答案：B得分：分45The New York magzine called Bernie Madoff ( ).A、VillainB、HeroC、MonsterD、Saviour正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：分46Warren Buffett was born in a rich family.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Discovery of the 'New World'已完成成绩：分47The main European power was Spain, France, ( ) and Great Britain.A、ItalyB、PortugalC、RussiaD、Germany正确答案： B 我的答案：A得分：分48Christopher Columbus was the first person to cross the ( ) Ocean.A、PacificB、IndianC、ArcticD、Atlantic正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：分49Christopher Columbus did 5 voyages between 1492 and 1503.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：分British Colonies已完成成绩：分50The Britain founded ( ) colonies along the East Coast in America.A、11B、12C、13D、14正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：分51The first fight between local people and British soldiers was at ( ).A、Washington .B、New YorkC、BostonD、Lexington and Concord正确答案： D 我的答案：C得分：分52John Adams, Roger Sherman, Robert Livingston, Thomas Jefferson and ( ) wrote The Declaration of Independence.A、Benjamin FranklinB、Abraham LincolnC、George WashingtonD、Paul Revere正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分53British people migrated to America with the ship called Mayflower in 1620.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×得分：分54The Declaration of Independence was made in 1775.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×American War of independence已完成成绩：分55The war of Independence was between ( ).A、America and FranceB、America and HollandC、America and SpainD、America and Britain正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：分56In 1778, ( ) signed Treaty of Alliance with America.A、SpainB、HollandC、FranceD、Britain正确答案： C 我的答案：D得分：分57Britain won the Battle of Yorktown.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×Building the New Nation已完成成绩：分58The first constitution, Article of Confederation was made in ( ).A、1778B、1779C、1780D、1781正确答案： D 我的答案：D得分：分59The first president of Amercia was ( ).A、George WashingtonB、Abraham LincolnC、Benjamin FranklinD、Thomas Jefferson正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分60Alexander Hamilton was the first Secretary of ( ) of America.A、StateB、LawC、TreasuryD、War正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：分61There were ( ) Chief Justice in the Supreme Court.A、1B、3C、8D、9正确答案： A 我的答案：B得分：分62Thomas Paine was born in France.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×A Hero, Traitor and Genius已完成成绩：分63George Washington declared ( )A、Thanksgiving DayB、ChristmasC、HalloweenD、New Year's Day正确答案： A 我的答案：B得分：分64Which one is right about George Washington( )A、He was graduated from college.B、He had three children.C、He had no experience in military action.D、He was revered as the "Father of the United States".正确答案： D 我的答案：B得分：分65Which one is wrong about Benjamin Franklin( )A、He was also a Doctor.B、He loved reading.C、He started the first public library in Philadelphia.D、He was 81 when he went to the Constitutional Convention.正确答案： A 我的答案：C得分：分66Which document was not signed by Benjamin Franklin( )A、The Declaration of IndependenceB、Treaty with FranceC、Peace TreatyD、Article of Confederation正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：分67During the War of Independence, Benedict Arnold sold military secrets to France.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：分68Benjamin Franklin was born in a rich family and well educated.（）正确答案：×我的答案：×Timeline of Major Events (1800-1899)已完成成绩：分69The first railway was built in ( ).A、1827B、1828C、1829D、1830正确答案： B 我的答案：D得分：分70The war with Mexico was started in ( ).A、1846B、1847C、1848D、1849正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分71The first telephone line was built in 1877.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×Territorial Expansion已完成成绩：分72America purchased Louisiana Territory with ( ) million dollars from France.A、2B、5C、10D、15正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：分73The USA purchased Florida from ( ).A、SpainB、the UKC、FranceD、Italy正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分74Texas was the ( ) state of America.A、26thB、27thC、28thD、29th正确答案： C 我的答案：A得分：分75Which one is wrong about Hawaii( )A、It is in the Atlantic Ocean.B、There are 8 main islands.C、It is the 50th states of America.D、America took over Hawaii government from the local king.正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分76Before America purchased it,Alaska was belong to Mexico.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：分77The largest city in Alaska is Anchorage, which is also the capital city.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×The American Civil War已完成成绩：分78The Civil War started in ( ).A、1861B、1862C、1863D、1864正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分79Which was wrong about the Civil War( )A、America was kept as one country.B、Slavery was abolished.C、After the Battle of Gettysburg, the North started to win.D、The South was strong in "hard power".正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：分80Which one of following is wrong about Abraham Lincoln( )A、He was the 16th president of America.B、He was killed in 1865 when the Civil War was just finished.C、He was a businessman and then became politician.D、He was born in a poor farm family.正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：分81In the Civil War, the North was weak, and the South was strong.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：分82Modern weapons were used in the Civil War.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×得分：分83In the Civil War, the North lost more people than the South.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×84Which one is wrong about the American political system( )A、The government is small.B、Leaders are educated.C、There are many traditions.D、The society is classless.正确答案： C 我的答案：A得分：分85Which one is wrong about Thomas Edison( )A、He was educated in school.B、His first job is telegraph operator.C、He had many patents.D、He invented electric light bulb.正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分86Which one is wrong about John D. Rockefeller( ).A、General Electric is one of his companies.B、At first, he worked as a bookkeeper.C、When he was 20, he started his own company.D、He donated all his money to the Rockefeller Foundation.正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：分87Because the northern America is cold, James Naismith invented basketball which is a goodsport for winter.( )正确答案：√我的答案：×Timeline of Major Events (1900-2014)已完成成绩：分88The first long distance telephone was built in ( ).A、1915B、1916C、1917D、1918正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分89In ( ), the first humans walked on the moon.A、1967B、1968C、1969正确答案： C 我的答案：A得分：分90President Nixon visited China in ( ).A、1971B、1972C、1973D、1974正确答案： B 我的答案：AThe Panama Canal已完成成绩：分91The Panama Canal was built by a ( ) consortium.A、AmericaB、ItalyC、BritainD、France正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：分92Why did the French consortium gave up to build the canal( )A、Because it was too expensive.B、Because many people died.C、Because the topography in Panama was difficult to build a canal.D、Because the American government decided to buld it by themselves.正确答案： C 我的答案：D得分：分93The aim to build the Panama Canal was to connect America and Panama.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×The Great Depression已完成成绩：分94The Great Depression started in ( ).A、1929B、1932D、1939正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分95Which one is wrong about the Great Depression( )A、The Great Depression started with the crash of the New York stock market.B、More than 9000 banks closed down.C、It took a short time for the New York Stock to recover.D、Many people became homeless because of the Great Depression.正确答案： C 我的答案：D得分：分96Which one is not the results of the Great Depression( )A、GDP went down.B、Income fell.C、Unemployment rate increased.D、Farmers had no food to eat.正确答案： D 我的答案：A得分：分97Which one is wrong about Franklin Delano Roosevelt( )A、He was also known as FDR.B、He give American people confidence during the Great Depression.C、He was elected as president for 3 times.D、He started many government programs to provide work to people.正确答案： C 我的答案：B得分：分98The Great Depression only happened in America.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×The Cold War已完成成绩：分99Why did the Cold War avoid direct conflict( )A、Because the Second World War was just finished.B、Because the USSR was too weak to fight.C、Because both sides of the Cold War had nuclear weapons.D、Because some countries stop the war.正确答案： C 我的答案：C得分：分100The Cold War began in ( ).A、1945B、1946C、1947D、1948正确答案： D 我的答案：C得分：分101Which was not the reason why the West against Communism( )A、The communist countries only has one political system.B、The economy in communist countries is state-owned.C、The communist countries are against religion.D、The communist countries have nuclear weapons.正确答案： D 我的答案：C得分：分102Berlin Wall was ended in ( ).A、1989B、1988C、1987D、1986正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分103Which statement of following is wrong( )A、There were many cold conflicts in the cold war, such as weapon competition and spying.B、Germany reunited in 1990.C、The USSR was dissolved in 1990.D、After the USSR dissovled, 15 new countries were created.正确答案： C 我的答案：A得分：分104The Cold War continued for only a few years.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×得分：分105Because many West Germans fled to the East, the West Germany government built theBerlin Wall.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×106Which one is wrong about 9/11( )A、About 3000 people were killed.B、It happened in 2002.C、The World Trade Centre and Pentagon were attacked.D、It was the first attack on mainland USA since 1812.正确答案： B 我的答案：B得分：分107The terrorists Hijacked ( ) planes.A、4B、5C、6D、7正确答案： A 我的答案：A得分：分108Only the north tower of the World Trade Centre was attacked.( )正确答案：×我的答案：×。

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英美国家历史与文化答案新整理

C h a p t e r1L a n d a n d H i s t o r y1.Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.5 points for each 1)The following figures were often considered the founding fathers of the American Republic EXCEPT__C_.A.George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Roger WilliamsD. John Adams2)The following were some of the characteristics of Puritanism EXCEPT_A_.A. Manifest destinyB. Religious freedomC. Intolerant moralismD. Separation of state and church3)The 1920s was associated with the following EXCEPT__D.A. Silent moviesB. Ku Klux KlanC. ProhibitionD. Television4)Clinton was the second US president to be impeached by the House of Representatives, but retired in the_A_.A. The Senate Supreme Court C. The Department of Justice D. The Federal Reserve5)Which of the following did not take place in the Nixon administration BA. VietnamizationB. Cuban Missile CrisisC. Watergate ScandalD. Re-establishing US with China.2.Match the US president with the event that took place in his presidency. 5 points for each1)Abraham Lincoln e a. New Deal2)Franklin D. Roosevelt. a b. Rapid development in IT Industry3)John F. Kennedy d c. Watergate Scandal4)Richard Nixon c d. Cuban Missile Crisis5)Bill Clinton b e. Civil War3.Translate the English passage into Chinese.When an American says that he loves his country, he means not only that he loves the New England hills, the prairies glistening in the sun, the wide and rising plains, the great mountains, and the sea. He means that he loves an inner air, an inner light in which freedom lives and in which a man can draw the breath of self-respect.当一个美国人说他热爱他的祖国, 他不仅仅意味着他深爱着新英格兰连绵的山丘,阳光下熠熠生辉的草原,宽阔无边际的平原,巍峨的高山和一望无际的大海;他真正想表达的是他热爱美国内在的氛围,内在的精神那就是在美国这片土地上他可以自由的呼吸,有尊严的生活;Chapter 2 Government and Politics1.Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.5 points for each1)Congress can override the president’s vote by a ___vote. AA.two-thirdsB. Three-fourthsC. Single majorityD. four-fifths2)There are currently ___Supreme Court justices on the bench. BA. 7B. 9C. 11D. 133)The Founders wanted the ___branch to be the dominant branch of the federal government. BA.executiveB. legislativeC. JudicialD. media4)Among the elected political officials, only___are elected by all citizens of the United States. CA.CongressmanB. Vice-presidentC. PresidentD. State governors5)What is the most important weapon in the hand of Supreme Court DA.VetoB. Overriding a vetoC. ImpeachmentD. Judicial review.2.Judge whether each statement is trueT or false F. 5 points for each1)___F_ African American had the rights to vote in 1776.2)__F__For the United States, one of the basic principles is socialist democracy.3)__T__American president has no vote in congress.4)__F__Most of the bills introduced to Congress can eventually become law.5)_F__Wilson succeeded to persuade Congress to ratify the Treaty of Versailles.3.Translate the English passage into Chinese.Whatever changes in Obama’s handling of foreign affairs, one thing to be sure about is that the changes are tactical in nature. Many of the goals pursued by the Bush administration remain unchanged. First, America will lead. As Secretary of State Hillary Clinton put it, “The question is not whether our nation can or should lead, but how it will lead in the 21st century.”Second, export of democracy will continue, but less with the help of bayonet. Third, military strength and use of force are important. “We will not hesitate to defend our friends, our interest and also all our people, vigorously and when necessary with the world’s strongest military.不管奥巴马怎样改变其处理外国事物的手段,我们可以确定的一点是这些变动在本质上都是外交策略;布什总统执政时期追求的很多目标都没有变;首先,美国将会领导其他国家;正如美国国务卿希拉里·克林顿所说：现在的问题不是我们国家能不能或该不该领导,而是我们应怎样在21世纪领导;其次,民主输出将会继续,但是要减少对武力的依赖;再次,军备实力和武装的调度很重要;“我们将毫不犹豫的保护我们的朋友,保障我们的利益和我们的人民,并将在必要的时候大力的动用世界上最强大的军事力量;”Chapter 4 Social Life and Culture1.Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.5 points for each1)which of the following is a non-profit public television network in the US CA.ABCB. CBSC. PBSD. CNN2)Jazz has its roots in the following EXCEPT___. DA.West African musical culture.B. African American music traditionsC. European military band musicD. American native Indian music3)which is not included in the theme of country music BA.Love and romanceB. War and peaceC. Past gloriesD. Religious beliefs4)which theme among the four was the LEAST relevant to Ernest Hemingway’s works5)B6)A.WarB. RomanceC. DeathD. Disillusionment5)which one among the following writers was an African American B2.Judge whether each statement is trueT or false F. 5 points for each1)__T_American churches are not only places where ceremonies are conducted, but community centers for people to make friends with each other.2)_F__Americans observe the Labor Day on the same day as the Chinese.3)__F_Americans only like popular music while little attention is paid to classical music.4)__T_Country music was originally played and listened to by Americans farmers.5)__T_Rock’n’roll is not only a form of music but also a lifestyle.the English passage into Chinese.Toni Morrison is an African-American novelist. Her richly woven fiction has gained her international reputation. In her novels, she treats the complex identities of black people in a universal manner. And in 1993, she won the Nobel Prize for Literature. In her early work The Bluest Eye1970, a strong-willed young black girl tells the story of Pecola Breedlove, who survives an abusive father. Pecola believes that her dark eyes magically become blue, and that they will make her lovable. Morrison has said that she was creating her own sense of identity as a writer through this novel: “I was Pecola, Claudia, everybody.”her other books include Sula 1973, Song of Solomon 1977, and Beloved 1987.托尼·莫里森是一位着名的非裔美籍小说家;她凭借其情节跌宕起伏的小说而享誉全球;在她的小说里,她一一种最普遍的方式来处理黑人复杂的身份认知;她与1993年获得里诺贝尔文学奖;在其早期的作品最蓝的眼睛1970中,一个坚强的黑人女孩讲述了一个从有暴力倾向的父亲手里存活下来的帕克拉·布里得拉维的故事;帕克拉相信她的黑色眼睛奇迹般的变成蓝色,并且蓝色的眼睛会让她变得讨人喜欢;莫里森说过她是以一个作家的身份通过这本小说来建立自己的身份认知;“大家好, 我是帕克拉·克劳迪娅;”她其他的作品包括苏拉1973,所罗门之歌1977和亲爱的1987;Chapter 6 Land an History1.Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.5 points for each1)Great Britain includes the following EXCEPT___. DA.EnglandB. WalesC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland.2)which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text about London as a center of ____ DA.PoliticsB. CommerceC. CultureD. Industry.3 the item that Doomsday book did not recordnd and propertyB. Mills and cottagesC. Duties and landownersD. Pet animals4)the “glorious revolution” of 1688 put ____ on the throne. DA.Charles IB. Charles IIC. James IID. William and Mary.5)Oliver Cromwell ruled England for about ___ years in the 17th century. AA. 10B. 20C. 302.Match the items in Column A with the answers in Column B.1)Ben Nevis c a. the best-known river in the IK2)The Thames a b. who led Saxon against invasion by the Vikings3)Loch Ness d c. the highest peak in the UK4)Alfred the Great b d. a lake in Scottish Highlands5)William the Conqueror d e. who ruled England from early 11th century.3.Translate the English passage into Chinese.The city is appreciated for its beauty and its cultural life, particularly during the world-famous Edinburgh Festival, a collection of several festivals of music and drama held in autumn at various centers in Edinburgh. The Edinburgh Military Tattoo an annual military parade is held in the parade ground of the castle for three weeks in August an September. The event is a popular tourist attraction an adds color to the Edinburgh Festival.这座城市以其美丽的风光和丰富的文化生活而为人所向往,尤其是在世界闻名的爱丁堡节庆期间——秋季,在各种各样的中心开展丰富多彩的音乐节和戏剧节;每年的八月和九月都会在城堡的游行广场举行为期三周的爱丁堡军乐节一种年度的军队游行;这个盛世喜迎了很多的游客,同时,也为爱丁堡节庆增添了色彩;Chapter7 Government and Politics1.Choose the most appropriate answers to each question or statement.1)A bill dealing with finance is introduced ____. BA.In the House of LordsB. In the House of CommonsC. By the Lord ChancellorD. By the Home of Secretary2)The Prime Minister leads in____. AA.The CabinetB. The House of OfficeC. ParliamentD. The judiciary3)The Conservative and Labor parties predominant the general election ever since ____. BA. 1920B. 1945C. 1950D. 19754)The general election in the UK is held every___years. DA.TwoB. ThreeC. FourD. Five5)Statue la in the UK consists of ____. CA.Practice in courtB. ConventionC. Acts of ParliamentD. Customs2.Judge whether each of the following statement is trueT or falseF.1)_F___ The Cabinet consists of only important department minsters.2)__F__ Only the House of Commons can introduce bills.3)___T_ Tony Blair ran the government in three terms in a row.4)__T__ Chancellor of the Exchequer is a Cabinet minister.5)__F__ NO. 10 Downing Street stands for the Cabinet while Buckingham Palace stands for Parliament.3.Translate the English passage into Chinese.Official UK policy since 1997 towards China is to advance its commercial interests and to promote “positive” social and political change in China. The UK retains a political dialogue with China over human rights apart from participating in multilateral dialogue through the EU. In effect, increasing economic ties with China is seen as being the best way of integrating China into international society and also of benefiting the interests of UK business. The bilateral trade and economic cooperation between nations has enjoyed continued development. The United Kingdom remains China’s largest interest investor and the second largest trade partner among countries.自1997年起,英对中的官方政策一推动商贸交易和促进中囯在社会和经济上的改革委中心;除了欧盟的多方会谈外,英国还就人权问题同中国保持对话;事实上,加强中英双方的经济交流是中国融入国际社会的最好方式,同时也是有利于英国商业受益的最好方式;中英两国的双方贸易和经济合作持续推进;在所有欧盟国家中,英国是中国最大的投资国和第二大贸易伙伴;Chapter 9 Social life1.Choose the most appropriate answers to each question or statement.1)British way of life has often been described asA.Peaceful and quietB. UnderdevelopmentC. Poor and miserableD. Materialized2)Which of the following changes is NOT accurate about British food CA.QualityB. CharacterC. TasteD. Chefs3)In a British pub one can do the following EXCEPT___. BA.Order a drink at the barB.Order food at a tableC.Talk to strangers freelyD.Talk to others noisily.4)The sport that is being criticized in the UK is____. AA.Fox huntingB. FootballC. Open campingD. Horse racing5)Which of the following is a quality paper AA.Daily TelegraphB. Daily MirrorC. Daily Mai lD. Daily Express2. Judge whether each of the following statement is trueT or falseF.1)__T__ there are rapid growth in the post-war prosperity of British society.2)__T__ British people enjoy food from foreign restaurants in the UK.3)__F__ Most of the British holidays now are spent by people traveling abroad.4)___F_ The low price offered by out-of-town malls can be upset by the cost of petrol used for driving there.5)_F___ Most of the owner-occupied dwellings have been acquired with the aid from the government.3.Translate the following English passage into Chinese.Newspapers in the UK speak for class-based groups. The two tabloids have a predominantly working-class readership, the “qualities” a more middle-class and well-educated one. Advertisements foe teachers and social workers usually appear in the The Guardian because teachers ans social workers are apt to read The Guardian, which support the interests of public sector employees. In contrast, The Times speaks for what used to be called the establishment. The Daily Express and Daily Mail are more up-market tabloids and have a socially more representative readership.在英国,针对不同的阶级有不同的报纸;通俗小报拥有很多工薪阶层的读者,而“品质”报则拥有中产阶级和受过良好教育的读者;在卫报上常常刊登教师和社工的招聘广告,因为教师和社工倾向于看维护公共雇员利益的卫报;相反,时代周刊则为所谓国家利益机构代言;每日快报和每日邮报是较上层的小报并且拥有较有社会代表性的读者;Chapter 11 A Nation from Sea to Sea1.Judge whether each of statement is trueF or falseF.1)__F__ In area, Canada is the largest country i the world.2)___F_ Canada has always been ranked in first place as “ the most livable country in the world.”3)__T__ The westernmost province of British Columbia is in the Pacific Region.4)__T__ The majority of population in Toronto is of neither British nor French descent.5)__T__ The newly set up of the Italian navigator who landed in Newfoundland in 1497 is John Cabot.2.Match the items in Column A with the answers in Column B.1)Canada’s first Prime Minister c2)Father of New France a3)Largest Canadian city d A .Macdonald4)The official Languages Act e d. Toronto5)Capital city of Canada b3.Translate the following English passage into Chinese.When I think of Canada, I think of forests filled with animals, and vast amounts of trees. I think of mountains high, of lakes where beavers live. When I think of Canada, I see hockey on the ice, and baseball players on the field, holding our flag with pride. When I think of Canada, I think of people proud, to be of different cultures, I think of Niagara Falls, the natural wonders of our land. When I think of Canada, I see the great Sky Dome. I see a place that many people can proudly call their home.Chapter 14 The Country Down Under1.Choose the most appropriate answers to each question or statement. 5 points for each1)Currently, Australia’s biggest trading partner is ____. AA.ChinaB. JapanC. The USAD. ASEAN countries.2)Australia and China established diplomatic relations in____. BA. 1971B. 1972C. 1973D. 19743)Australia is NOT a member of_____. CA.APECB. ANZUSC. ASEAND. WTO4)Which of the following is a minority party in Australian politics DA.The Australian Labor PartyB. The Liberal PartyC. The National PartyD. The Australian Greens.5)Which of the following statement s true DA.The party that wins the majority of seats in the Senate forms the government.B.The Prime Minster is appointed by the Governor-General.C.The House of Representatives has an equal members form each state.D.The Senate has an equal number of members from each state.2.Match the items in Column A with the answers in Column B.1)South Australia d a. the most isolated city in the world.2)Australia Day c b. the most artificial city in Australia3)“ Advanced Australia Fair” e Day for the indigenous people4)Canberra b d. a convict-free colony5)Perth a anthem of Australia3.Translate the following English passage into Chinese.Australia is the second largest country in the southern hemisphere in terms of is land area, neat to Brazil. It is also the only country in the world that occupies a whole continent. The Australian continent is the smallest of all the continents; at the same time it is also the largest island in the world. The total territory of Australia covers an area of 7’692’024 sq km Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2006. It is the sixth largest country in the world, after Russia, Canada, China, the United States and Brazil.就陆地面积而言,澳大利亚是南半球面积第二的国家;毗邻巴西;它也是世界上唯一一个独占一个大洲的国家;澳大利亚大陆是所有大陆中面积最小的；同时,它也是世界上最大的岛屿;澳大利亚的所有领地面积为7,692,024平方千米;澳大利亚国家统计局2006年数据它是世界上第六大国家,仅次于俄罗斯,加拿大,中国,美国和巴西;Chapter 17 Land, History and People.1.Judge whether each statement is trueF or falseF.1)___T_ It was the Viking invaders that gave Ireland its present name.2)___F_ Like English, Irish Gaeilge belongs to Roman languages.3)__F__ Ireland declared itself a republic in 1922.4)___T_ The Tain is the title for the Irish Celt’s saga.5)__T__ When founded in 1594, Trinity College, Dublin was open only to Protestants.2.Match the items in Column A with the answers in Column B.1)St Brigid a king/queen who found Trinity College, Dublin2)Maria Edgeworth c king/queen who first set foot in Ireland.3)Henry II b of Castle Rackrent.4)Henry VIII e of a nunnery in County Kildare5)Elizabeth I a king/queen who upgraded Ireland from Lordship toa full Kingdom3.Translate the following English passage into Chinese.Despite these tensions, most of the 18th century was a period of relative peace in comparison with the preceding two hundred years and the two centuries to follow. During this period the population doubled to cover four million, and, while this time is recalled in folk memory as one of political oppression of the majority of the Irish population, by the late 18th century, many of the Anglo-Irish ruling class-once considered too Irish in England and too English in Ireland, now became quite adamantly Irish in Ireland. It is perhaps one of the greatest ironies of British colonization that, in the revolts over the coming century, those who inspired them were largely Protestant,well-born and Anglo-Irish in origin.除了一些紧张的局势外,相对于之前的两个世纪和之后的两个世纪来说,18世纪的大部分时间局势都相对和平;在这段时期内,人口增长了两倍,超过了400万,并且这个事情被认为是对爱尔兰人的压迫时期;在18世纪晚期,很多在英国的安格拉-爱尔兰统治阶级被认为太爱尔兰化,而在爱尔兰的安格拉-爱尔兰统治阶级被认为太过英国化;而这些人现在都成了坚定不移的爱尔兰人;这也许是英国殖民地最讽刺的事情了,这些鼓励他们的人大部分都是清教徒和出身高贵的安格拉-爱尔兰人;Chapter 19 Land and History1.Choose the most appropriate answers to each question or statement. 5 points for each1)The first European to sight New Zealand was____. BA.Captain James CookB. Abel TasmanC. Young NickD. Captain Bligh2)New Zealand’s highest mountain is _____. CA.Mt. RuapehuB. Mt. Tatanaki/ Mt EgmontC. Mt. CookD. Mt. Tasman3)The unique flightless bird in New Zealand is ___. AA.Th kiwiB. The laughing birdC. The keaD. The swallow4)Mario have lived in New Zealand forA. overB. Over 500C. Less than 500D. Less than 1005)How many Mario tribe chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi with the British Crown BB. 200C. 500 .10006)The Treaty of Waitangi was signedB. 1850C. 1890the items in Column A with the answers in Column B. 5 points for each1 South Island c2 North Island b3 national symbol d c. glaciers4 extinct bird a3. Translate the following English passage into Chinese.Many birds species became extinct after the arrival of Polynesians, who brought the kiore Pacific rat and the kufi dog from Polynesia. Flightless and ground-nesting birds proved easypicking for Polynesian, who simply walked up to moa and hit them. While humans are the most likely cause of the larger birds’ extinction, the kiore is the prime suspect in the disappearance of smaller birds and invertebrates. The kiore and the kuri wre the only mamals until Europeans arrived.在博尼利亚人来到新西兰后很多鸟类灭绝了;他们从博尼利亚带来了笑鸮太平洋地区的老鼠和狗;不擅飞行和在地上筑巢的鸟类对他们来说简直就是手到擒来;他们只需简单的走上前去击打它们;人类是体型较大鸟类灭亡的主要原因,而笑鸮则是小型鸟类和无脊椎动物灭绝的主要嫌犯;笑鸮和是欧洲人到达新西兰大陆前仅有的哺乳动物;。

英美文化答案二

各位同学：问答题第2题What are the elements and functions of British government? Discuss the role of each element and explain chiefly.这道题去掉.改为学习手册英国文化第一章的问答题Why is it not easy to talk about a typical Englishman? State the reasons from the historical points of view.It’s not easy to talk about a typical Englishman, because, from the historical point of view, the English are descended from so many different peoples who all came and settled in England at some time or other.The Celts came from central and north-western Europe between 700 and 200 BC. Then the Romans invaded England in 55 BC. The Celtic-Roman culture had been well-established when the Germanic tribes of Angles, Saxons and Jutes came. From AD 450 to 600 they gradually took control of most of the country, became Christians and settled down as farmers and came to be the basis of modern English race.Next, came the invasion of the Viking Danes from Scandinavia. They too settled, intermarried and fused with the local population.In AD 1066, William of Normandy invaded England from France. The French-speaking conquerors intermarried with the ruling Saxon families. At that time, French influence grew so strong that many aspects of England’s social and cultural life became totally French.After England became a Protestant country in the 16th century, it became a refuge for other Protestants from Catholic States who were being persecuted for their faith.Over the centuries, many other refugees suffering from political and religious persecution have found a home in England and their specific skills, as well as their languages, have enriched the English economy and culture. Great migrations also occurred in this century until the Commonwealth Immigrants Acts came into effect in 1962.英国文化课后题答案Unit one1.the United Kingdom of Great Britain and the NorthernIreland2.55BC3. inventive, hard-working , serious-minded andcautious with money4.love of music and poetry, a great feeling for the music ofwords5.10,0006. Robert Burns, Sir Walter Scott, Dylan Thomas ,Gwyn Thomas, Jonathan Swift , Oscar Wilde6.Angles, Saxons , JutesIII. DDBABUnit Two1.The Crusades2. Columbus , Vasco d a·Gama2.Hundred Years’ War3.Parliament, the king 5. Charles Darwin7.the great slump 7. the League of Nations, the New UnitedNations OrganizationIII. BDACDUnit Three1.AD 587 10662. latin, Germanic3. Norman French4.Anglo-saxon, Latin, French5. Middle, Modern5.AD 1500 7. BBC annoucersIII. DACCUnit Four1.Elizabeth the Second2. On her majesty’s service3.the Most Noble Order of the Garter4.the head of the Church of England5.Acts of Parliament, the prerogative of the Crown, Coventions of the Constitution, common law, Parliamentary Privilege6. 5, 6357.the Crown, the House of Lords, the House of Commons8. the Queen in Parliament 9. the final appeal court in civil cases and criminal cases except criminal cases in Scotland10. make laws, to control and criticize the executive government, control the raising and spending of money11. the Lord Chancellor 12. The Prime Minister13. the Queen in Parliament, cabinet, the House of Commons, ParliamentIII. BCADCAUnit five1.coal, water power2. the Second World War , the Bank ofEngland, coal, civil aviation 3. Labour 4. a nation of shopkeepers 5. the discovery and exploitation of oil and gas in the North SeaIII. ADDAAUnit Six1.the Anglo-Saxon, epic of Beowulf, 6th2.P114 4段3.P114 6段4. Chaucer, Shakespeare, Milton6.Thomas More , Utopia 6. Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Othello, The Taming of the Shrew, A Mid Summer Nights’Dream, As you like it, Richard II, Richard III, Henry IV parts I and II7.Essays 8. Paradise Lost , Paradise Regained, SamsonAgonistes 9. Pilgrim’s Progress 10. Jonathan Swift11. London and the Vanity of Human Wishes 12. Robert Burns 13.Robinson Crusoe 14. Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelly, Keats 15. Jane Auston, Charlotte Bronte ,Emily Bronte16. Robert Louis Stevenson, Lewis Carroll, William Makepeace Thackeray, David Copperfield, Pockwich Papers, George Eliot, Oscar Wilde, the Return of the Native, Tess of the D’urbervilles 17. James Joyce , Ulysses, George Bernard ShawIII. DACAA DAADDUnit Seven1.Roman Catholic Church, Protestant Church2.the Old Testament , the New Testament3.the Queen , the Archbishop of Canterbury4.God, Jesus, Holy Spirit5.presbyterian6.the Pope in Rome7.the Methodist Church, Congregational Church, the BaptistChurch, the Presbyterian, Quakers8.humbler of lifeunit 81.ill-bred2.modesty, conceit3.a sense of humor4.sportsmanshipunit 91.5, 152.Christmas, Easter, summer3.the selective, the comprehensive4.Eton, Harrow, Rugby5.freedom6.Oxford, Cambridge7.Glasgow Aberdeen8.London University9.Leeds, Lancaster10.e xclusiveness11.A CDDUnit 101.the insurance fund2.the first3.P188 第二段倒数第六行4.14 Regions ，a university medical school, 72 areas5.has made its weekly contributions to the fund6.5, 19 monthsIII. CABA美国文化Unit 41.Irving and Cooper2.Poe , The Fall of the House of Usher3.a small town 20 miles northwest of Boston ,Ralph WaldoEmerson, Henry David Thoreau ,Nathaniel Hawthorne4.Nature, The American Scholar, Self-Reliance5.Walden6.Scarlet Letter7.Melville8.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Life on the Mississippi,The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn9.Theodore Dreiser10.T he Great Gatesby , a man at the end of his youth ,striving torecapture a beautiful dream he once believed in11.D os Passos12.T he Sound and the Fury, Light in August, Absalom, Absalom13.The Sun Also Rises, A Farewell to Arms, For Whom theBell Tolls14.John Steinbeck, Ralph Ellison15.E ugene O’Neill Long Day’s Journey into Night III. CADBD BCCA D BC。

英美文化课后答案Chapter7

英美文化课后答案Chapter7英美文化课后答案7Lecture 7T ell whether each of the following statements is true or false.1-10: FTFTT/FTTFT 11-20: TFTFT/TFTTTFill in the blanks with the correct information.1. Old English2. The Canterbury Tales3. The Tragical History of Dr. Faustus4. William Shakespeare5. historical plays; comedies6. P. B. Shelley; William Wordsworth7. Sense and Sensibility8. Oliver Twist9. The Heart of Darkness 10. stream of consciousness 11. the Transcendentalist Club 12. Natty Bumpoo 13. Moby Dick 14. Walt Whitman 15. The Red Badge of Courage 16. King of the English 17. Lord Protector 18. Princess Diana 19. Alchemist 20. calculus, gravitation 21. religious, interpretation 22. Boz 23. clerk, potential 24. florid, poetic 25. Locomotive 26. instructor 27. James Bond Series 28. satirist, boom, 1960s 29. Julie Andrews 30. big, gigantic 31. John Peel 32. The Lady with the Lamp 33. land, water 34. George Washington 35. New Deal 36. John Fitzgerald Kennedy 37. George Walker Bush 38. Barack Hussein Obama 39. Martin Luther King 40. Ray Kroc 41. Disneyland Park 42. William Henry Bill Gates 43. The Sketch BookChoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in the text.1-10: BACCA/DABDB 11-20: CABBA/CDCAD 21-30:CBADC/BACBA31-32: CDExplain the following terms.1. The Canterbury TalesChaucer’s The Canterbury Tales is made up of a series of stories. These stories are told by pilgrims who were on their way to the important Christian church at Canterbury. Although these tales are incomplete, they cover all major types of medieval literature. It contains almost all the typical medieval figures. It isa miniature of the English society of Chaucer’s time.2.William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare is probably the best known literary figure in the world. His many plays include tragedies, comedies and history plays. Shakespeare created four great tragedies. Hamlet is the most performed play in the world. Shakespeare is regarded as one of the founders of realism in the world literature.3. Jane EyreJane Eyre tells the story of an orphan, who has a loveless childhood at a terrible boarding school. When she grows up, she goes to work for Mr. Rochester as a governess to his child. Mr. Rochester becomes attracted to her because of her independence and free spirit.4. Tess of the D’UrbervillesThis story tells the tragic fate of Tess, a beautiful country girl. Tess is seduced by Alec D’urbervilles and has an illegitimate baby. She meets Angel Clare and they fall in love with each other. However, she is abandoned by Angel when he knows her past story. Tess has no choice butto live with Alec because her father dies and the family is starving. Later Angel regrets how he abandoned Tess and comes back to find her. Tess kills Alec in strong despair and greatmadness.5. Stream of consciousnessIn literary critic ism, “stream of consciousness” is a narrative mode that seeks to portray an individual's point of view by giving the written equivalent of the character's thought processes, either in a loose interior monologue, or in connection to his or her actions.6. TranscendentalismTranscendentalism was a group of new ideas in literature, religion, culture, and philosophy that emerged in New England in the early to middle 19th century. Among transcendentalists' core beliefs was an ideal spiritual state that “transcends” the physical and empirical and is only realized through the individual's intuition, rather than through the doctrines of established religions. Prominent transcendentalists included Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau.7. The lost generationThis is a term coined by author and poet, Gertrude Stein. Often it is used to refer to a group of American writers who lived in Paris and other parts of Europe, some after military service in the First World War. Figures identified with the "Lost Generation" include authors and poets Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Ezra Pound. The Lost Generation captures the zeitgeist of the time period: disillusionment.8. Moby DickIt is considered one of the world’s greatest masterpieces. This is a story about a whaling voyage. The hero Ishmael went out to sea on the whaling ship, Pequod. The captain, Ahab, lost one leg on a previous voyage when he met the white whale Moby Dick, so he was determined to kill the white whale. At last MobyDick appeared and Captain Ahab ordered his ship to fight with it. All the crew were drowned except Ishmael, who survived to tell the story.9. Mark TwainMark Twain was the pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens. Twain had an American sense of humor; he dealt with the lower strata of society. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer was an immediate success and its sequel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, became his masterwork. Mark Twain made colloquial speech a literary medium. This is his great contribution to American literature. His style influenced writers who followed, like Sherwood Anderson and Ernest Hemmingway.10. The Great GatsbyF. Scott Fitzgerald’s masterpiece is The Great Gatsby. Fitzgerald created a myth out of American life from his personal experience. Gatsby falls in love with Daisy, but he is too poor to marry her. Daisy married Tom Buchanan. In order to win his love back, Gatsby began bootlegging and other activities to make a big fortune. But finally he found Daisy was not the ideal love of his dreams. He had a strong sense of loss and disillusionment.11. Charlie ChaplinCharlie Chaplin (16 April 1889 – 25 December 1977) was an English comic actor and film director of the silent film era. He became one of the best-known film stars in the world before the end of the First World War. Chaplin used mime, slapstick and other visual comedy routines, and continued well into the era of the talkies, though his films decreased in frequency from the end of the 1920s. His most famous role was that of The Tramp, which he first played in the Keystone comedy Kid Auto Races at Venice in 1914. From the April 1914 one-reeler Twenty Minutes of Loveonwards he was writing and directing most of his films, by 1916 he was also producing, and from 1918 composing the music. With Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks and D. W. Griffith, he co-founded United Artists in 1919.12. John LennonJohn Lennon (9 October 1940 – 8 December 1980) was an English singer-songwriter who rose to worldwide fame as one of the founding members of The Beatles, and together with Paul McCartney formed one of the most successful songwriting partnerships of the 20th century. Lennon revealed a rebellious nature and acerbic wit in his music, his writing, on film, and in interviews, and became controversial through his work as a peace activist. He moved to New Y ork City in 1971, where his criticism of the Vietnam War resulted in a lengthy attempt by Richard Nixon's administration to deport him, while his songs were adapted as anthems by the anti-war movement. Disengaging himself from the music business in 1975 to devote time to his family, Lennon reemerged in 1980 with a comeback album, Double Fantasy, but was murdered three weeks after its release.13. David BeckhamDavid Beckham (born 2 May 1975) is an English footballer who currently plays in midfield for Los Angeles Galaxy in Major League Soccer, having previously played for Manchester United, Preston North End, Real Madrid, and Milan, as well as the England national team, for whom he holds the all-time appearance record for an outfield player.Beckham has twice been runner-up for FIFA World Player of the Y ear and in 2004 was the world's highest-paid footballer when taking into account salary and advertising deals. Beckham was the first British footballer to play 100Champions League matches. He was Google's most searched of all sports topics in both 2003 and 2004. With such global recognition he has become an elite advertising brand and a top fashion icon. When joining the MLS in 2007 he was given the highest player salary in the league's history, with his playing contract with the Galaxy over the next three years being worth $6.5m per year.14. James WattJames Watt (19 January 1736 –25 August 1819) was a Scottish inventor and mechanical engineer whose improvements to the Newcomen steam engine were fundamental to the changes brought by the Industrial Revolution in both the Kingdom of Great Britain and the world.15. Florence NightingaleFlorence Nightingale (12 May 1820 – 13 August 1910) was a celebrated English nurse, writer and statistician. A Christian universalist, Nightingale believed that God had called her to be a nurse. She came to prominence for her pioneering work in nursing during the Crimean War, where shetended to wounded soldiers. She was dubbed "The Lady with the Lamp" after her habit of making rounds at night. Nightingale laid the foundation of professional nursing with the establishment, in 1860, of her nursing school at St Thomas' Hospital in London, the first secular nursing school in the world. The Nightingale Pledge taken by new nurses was named in her honour, and the annual International Nurses Day is celebrated around the world on her birthday.Translation1. 值得怀疑的是在人们最需要开心、快乐与放松的时候，是否能有人比卓别林带给人们更多的欢乐。

英美文化基础教程课本课后练习答案

British CultureChapter 2 English history 填空：1. The Crusades2. Columbus; Vasco da Gama3. the hundred years' war4. Parliament; King Charles I5. Charles Darwin6. the Great slump7. the league of Nations ; the United Nations选择：1C 2D 3A 4C 5DChapter 4 British government system1. 不用记2. On Her Majesty's Service3. the Most Noble Order of the Garter4. head of the church of England5. acts of parliament; the prerogative of the crown; convention of the constitution;common law; parliamentary privilege6. 5; 6357. the Crown; the House of Lords; the House of Commons8. parliament9. the final court of appeal in civil cases and criminal cases except criminal case inScotland10. to make laws; to control and criticize the executive government; to control the raisingand the spending of money11. the Lord Chancellor12. her ministers13. the Parliament; is accountable or responsible to Parliament ; the House ofCommons; the people选择1B 2C 3A 4D 5C 6 AChapter 6 English Literature1. 8th century; 6th2. their Viking raiders swept into Britain3. the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle; the Roman Invasion of Britain to the middle of the th12 century4. Chaucer; Shakespeare; Milton5. Thomas More; Utopia6. Hamlet; King Lear; Othello; A Midsummer Night 's Dream; As you like it; TwelfthNight; Richard II; Henry V; Julius Caesar7. the Essays8. paradise lost; Paradise regained; Samson Agonistes9. pilgrim 's progress10. Jonathan Swift11. London12. Robert Burns13. Robinson Crusoe14. William Wordsworth; Taylor Coleridge; Lord Byron; John Keats; Percy ByssheShelley15. Jane Austen; Charlotte Bronte; Emily Bronte16. Stevenson; Lewis Carroll; Thackeray; David Copperfield; Pickwick papers;George Eliot; Oscar Wilde; the return of the Native; Tess of the D'Urbervilles17. James Joyce; Ulysses18. George Bernard Shaw选择1D 2A 3C 4A 5A 6D 8A 9D 10DChapter 7 Religion and Beliefs1. Roman Catholic Church; Protestant Church2. the Old Testament; the New Testament3. The Queen; the Archbishop of Canterbury 坎特伯雷大主教4. God; Jesus; Holy Spirit5. Presbyterian6. The Pope7. the Methodist; the Congregation Church; the Baptist Church; the Quakers; theChristian ScientistsChapter 8 character and manner1. impolite/ill-bred2. modesty; conceit3. a sense of humor4. sportsmanshipChapter 9 Education1. 5; 152. Christmas; Easter; summer3. selective; comprehensive4. Eton; Harrow; Rugby5. Being free6. Oxford; Cambridge7. St. Andrews; Glasgow8. open university9. Leads; Lancaster10. exclusiveness 选择1A 2C 3D 4DAmerican CultureChapter 2 American History1. The Vikings; Christopher Columbus2. Jamestown in Virginia3. pilgrims; Roger Williams; William Penn4. 1775; 17835. a second continental congressth6. July 47. the Federalists; the Republicans; strong, efficient central authority; individualliberties8. Thomas Jefferson9. John Marshall10. Uncle Tom's Cabin11.it put an end to slavery and decided that American was not a collection ofsemi-independent states, but a single individual nation12. being able to pay high wages and earn enormous money13. the New York Stock Exchange14. laissez-fair; government should interfere with business as little as possible;government action选择1B 2A 3D 4A 5B 6 C 7D 8A 9A 10BChapter 3 The Forms of Government1. Federalism; the separation of powers and respect for the Constitution and the rule oflaw2. foreign affairs and with matters of general concern to all the states includingcommerce between the states.3. Democrats ; Republicans4. executive branch; legislative branch; judicial branch5. Ford; Nelson Rockefeller; the president Nixon resigned6. the vice-president7. 4; 4; John Kennedy8. two terms9. 435; 2; 100; 610. both houses; the senate; two-thirds majority11. confederation12. 192013. The supreme court14. life; president; the senate;15. FBI 选择：1A 2 C 3D 4C 5B 6D 7C 8BChapter 4 American Literature1. Washington Irving 华盛顿·欧文; Fenimore Cooper费尼莫尔·库柏;2. Edgar Allan Poe埃德加·爱伦·坡; The Fall of the House of Usher厄舍府的倒塌3. Concord 康科德; Ralph Waldo Emerson ; Henry David Thoreau 梭罗; NathanielHawthorne 纳撒尼尔﹒霍桑4. Nature; The American Scholar; Self-reliance5. Walden 瓦尔登湖6. Scarlet Letter 红字7. Herman Melville 赫尔曼·麦尔维尔8. The Adventure of Tom Sawyer; Life on the Mississippi; The Adventures ofHuckleberry Finn （汤姆·索亚的历险；在密西西比河上；哈克贝利·弗恩历险记）9. Theodore Dreiser西奥多·德莱塞10. The Great Gatsby; which is about Gatsby, a man at the end of his youth, is striving torecapture a beautiful dream he once believed in. He sees the dream turn into a nightmare. （了不起的盖茨比）11. Jonh Dos Passos约翰·多斯·帕索斯12. the Sound and the Fury 喧嚣与骚动; Light in August Light in August; Absalom,Absalom 押沙龙,押沙龙13. The Sun Also Rise太阳照常升起; A Farewell to Arms 永别了，武器; For Whom the BellTolls 丧钟为谁而鸣14. John Steinbeck约翰·斯坦贝克; Ralph Ellison 拉尔夫·艾里森15. Eugene O'Neill 尤金奥尼尔; Long Day's Journey into Night 长夜漫漫路迢迢选择：1C 2A 3D 4B 5D 6A 7C 8C 9A 10D 11B 12C为帮助大家记忆这些作家作品，将其姓名和作品的汉译提供给大家1.2.3. Chapter 7 American Education1. 122. age3. kindergarten classes for five-year-olds4. grammar school or elementary school5. the nation's population explosion ; a trend toward democratizing higher education6. The7. FootballChapter 8 American Family Liferural, small town living; big city lifeeach resident owns his own apartment youth; a feeling of being respected, wanted and needed.。

英美文化(美国部分课后答案)

(判断题Chapter 81. The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachians hold one third of the country's continental territory.(F2. The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate,with some mild subtropical and tropical zones.(T3. Almost through the middle of the United States, north to south,runs a well--known 50-centimeter rainfall line.(T4. New York is the commercial and financial center of the United States , and it is composed of five boroughs including Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Staten Island, and Queens.(T5. San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world famous Hollywood and Disneyland are located here.(F6. During the 1830s and 1840s, many northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to America.(T7. Almost half of the immigrants coming to the United States in the 1980s were Asians.(T8. Basic American cultural values are freedom, equality and desire to work hard fora higher standard of living.(TChapter 91. America was named after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.(T2. The second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia, and the Continental Army and Navy were founded under the command of Thomas Jefferson.(F3. The Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was a single, indivisible nation.(T4. Many American people approved of the Vietnam War.(F5. In 1990, American troops and the troops from allied nations launched Operation Desert Storm in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.(T6. According to the American administration, Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden were responsible for the terrorist event on September11,2001.(F7. The America government regarded Iraq a nation among the "axis of evil".(T8. On March 19,2003,American and United Nation's troops, supported by several other countries, began an invasion of Iraq.(FChapter 101. Bill of Rights was written into the Constitution in 1787.(F2. The form of American government is based on three main principles: federalism, the separation of powers, and respect for the Constitution and the rule of law.(T3. The U.S. Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government and it consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords.(F4. The judicial branch of the federal government consists of a series of courts: the Supreme Court, the courts of appeals and the district courts.(T5. The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology.(F6. American presidential campaign adheres to the "winner-take-all" practice.(T7. American foreign policy throughout the World War II was neutrality.(F8. American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and intervention.(TChapter 111. America is the world's largest industrial nation.(T2. In the U.S. Constitution, the recognition of the importance of "intellectual property" could be identified.(T3. Although slavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War, the owners of plantation in the South made more profits from selling their agriculture products.(F4. President Roosevelt's New Deal had little effect in dealing with the economic crisis in the early 1930s.(F5. The 1960s was a period of consolidation for the American businesses.(F6. American agricultural exports outweigh imports, leaving a surplus in the agricultural balance of trade.(T7. Auto production is one of the important sectors in American manufacturing industry.(T8. The world economy has little to do with the growth and decline of the American foreign trade.(FChapter 121. Education is governed by state and local governments instead of the national government in America.(T2. All American children are offered 12 years of compulsory public education.(T3. After 12 years of schooling, American students receive a bachelor's degree at graduation.(F4.When selecting a college or university, undergraduate students have a great concern for its size, location and academic quality.(T5. Usually, an undergraduate student has to earn 120 credits to receive a degree.(T6. Yale university is the second eldest institution of higher learning in the United States.(F7. It is The New York Times that first uncovered the Watergate Scandal in 1972 through the efforts of two reporters.(F8. Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in November.(F(选择题Chapter 81. The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico tothe south, the Atlantic to its and the Pacific to its A. northern, east, west B. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west2. The continental United States has statesA. 50B. 49C. 48D. 353. The state of is the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida4. The largest river in the U. S. isA. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River5. Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located in .A. the SouthB. the WestC. New EnglandD. the Midwest6. San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego all belong to .A. MontanaB. UtahC. MaineD.California7. The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States, particularly fromA. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. South America8. The characteristic of the dominant American culture is .A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-classChapter 91. The first successful English colony in North America was founded at in .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia2. The Seven Years’ War occurred between the .A. French and American IndiansB. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians3. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of .A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies4. In May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of a national government.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation5. Abraham Lincoln issued the to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Rights6. The policy of the United States was at the beginning of the two world wars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasement7. President applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy8. The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continued throughout the terms of PresidentsA. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD. Eisenhower, Kennedy and JohnsonChapter 101. The U. S. Constitution came into effect inA. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 17932. The Constitution of the United StatesA. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court3. The Bill of Rights .A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution4. The terms for a Senator and Representative are and years respectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two5. All the following can make legislative proposal except .A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President6. The following are all powers of the President except .A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders7. The Supreme Court is composed of justices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine8. The President is directly voted into office byA. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and representativesChapter 111. America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fields except .A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals2. The modern American economy progressed from to and eventually, toA. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy3. Chartered companies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen.A. political authorityB. economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority4. urged the federal government to establish a national bank.A. George WashingtonB. President RooseveltC. Abraham LincolnD. Alexander Hamilton5. The following inventio ns took place during the “second industrial revolution” except .A. typewriterB. telephoneC. electric lightD. refrigerator6. President Johnson tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing various programs likethe following except A. Medicare B. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension7. The following statements are all true exceptA. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and exports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.8. Employment in the sector has been increasing in the U.S. since the 1970s.A. serviceB. agricultureC. manufacturingD. high-tectChapter 121. Formal education in the United States consists of ,secondary and higher education.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementaryD. private2. Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students.A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education3. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of .A. Yale UniversityB. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. New York University4. Of the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges5. To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except .A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. working for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits6. is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.A. The Washington PostB. The New York TimesC. Los Angeles TimesD. New York Daily News7. Of the following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in America.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBSB. the Public Broadcasting Service (PBSC. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBSD. the American Broadcasting System (ABS8. The National Day of the United States falls on each year.A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th(简答题 Chapter 8 1. How is the American population distributed? The distribution of the American population is rather uneven the most densely populated region is the northeastern part of the country. The great plains have a comparatively smallpopulation .the south also has a population of almost 57.5million. the west is not densely populated ,except for some metropolitan centers like los Angeles and san Francisco . it has about 20% of the nation’s population. 2．Why was the immigration act of 1942 instituted ? The new immigrants in the united states , being poor and accustomed to poverty , were willing to work for very low wages .this made other workers afraid that the immigrants would ls and take jobs away from them . this opposition led to the immigration act of 1942. Chapter 9 history. 1. Why did American change its policy and enter world war II? Because of the formation of the axis , the American government feared that the axis countries were wining the war and it might threaten America’s security and interests . it began to provide war equipment to the foreign nations resisting the aggression of the axis power . the Japanese air raid on pearl harbor became the direct cause for America’s entrance into the war. 2. What were Nixon’s well-known contributions during his presidency? a brought the Vietnam war to a close breestablishing U.S. relations with china c negotiating the first strategic arms limitation treaty with the former soviet union . 3. What were the contents of Reagan’s economic program? Reagan’s economic program called for reductions in income taxes and business taxes in order to encourage investment , and it also requested that many government regulations be eliminated so as to reduce the federal government’s role in the day-to-day operation of business. Chapter 10 government 1. What are the two characteristics of the U.S. constitution? One is “checks and balances”, the other is that the power of the central government and the powers of state governments are specified. 2. What are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively? A senator must be over 30 years old , a U.S. citizen for at least nine years, and a resident in the state which they represent . a representative should be at least 25 years old and a U.S. citizen for no less than seven years. 3. What are the major powers of the supreme court? ato interpret laws bto hear appeals from any federal court cases; cto hear appeals from state court cases that involve the constitution or national laws dmay declare a law unconstitutional e may declare a presidential act unconstitutional. 4. What is the difference between thedemocrats and the republicans in terms of political opinions? The democrats want the government to play an important role in the economy andemphasize full employment as a matter of national concern they favor civil rights laws , a strong social security system which gives enterprises a greater freedom and demand that the government control inflation. They stress the need for law and order, and oppose complete government social programs and free choice of abortion they also favor a strong military posture and assertive stand in international relations. Chapter 11 economy 1. What industry developments took place during the colonial period of America? During the colonial period ,the secondary industries developed as the colonies grew . a variety of specialized sawmills and gristmills appeared. Colonists established shipyards to build fishing fleets and trading vessels . they also built small iron forges . by the 18th century , regional patterns of development in America had become clear. 2. How did the civil war affect the American economy? After the civil war , the large southern cotton plantations became much less profitable . northern industries , which had expanded rapidly because of the demands of the war ,surged ahead. 3. Why does America try to reduce trade barriers? Because the united states has increasingly realized that open bilateral trade will not only advance its own economic interests, but also enhance domestic stability and its peaceful relationship with other nations. Chapter 12 education , media and holidays 1. How does an American university choose its applicants? atheir high school records; b recommendations from their high school teachers; c the impression they make during interviews at the university d their scores on the SAT. 2. What functions do American higher education institutions perform? Higher education institutions in the united states have three functions: teaching , research and public service , and each has its own emphasis with regard to its function . 3. What similarities do four famous university share? They all have a long history , they all have an excellent faculty , a large number of students and have made extensive academic achievements. Some of their graduates are very successful or influential in some areas such as politics, arts and business. 4. What are the origins of thanksgiving day? Thanksgiving isassociated with the time when Europeans first came to the new world , in 1620,the mayflower arrived and brought about 150 pilgrims. Life at the beginning was very hard and there was not enough food , so many of them died. During the following summer the native America helped them and then they had a bountiful harvest. So they held a big celebration to thank god and the native Americans.。

英美文化课后答案 Chapter 1 Geography

英美文化课后答案1Lecture 1 GeographyTell whether each of the following statement is true or false.1-10: TTTFF/FTFTT11-20: FTFFF/TFFFTFill in the blanks with the correct information.1. the North Sea, the English Channel2. Great Britain, Ireland3. the highland zone, the lowland zone4. the Republic of Ireland5. London6. Buckingham Palace7. the Royal Standard8. Edinburgh9. the British Isles 10. Scotch whiskey 11. fourth 12. Canada, Mexico 13. Pacific Ocean 14. the Appalachian Mountains, the Rocky Mountains 15. cold, mild 16. Christopher Columbus, George Washington 17. Wall Street 18. San Francisco 19. the Oscars 20. Walk of Fame 21. English Channel 22. North Sea, Atlantic Ocean 23. cooler, rainfall, sunlight 24. Highlands 25. 11.8 26. 58.4, 239 27. Anglo-Saxons, Celts 28. English, Gaelic, Welsh 29. established 30. free, Baptist, the United Reformed Church, Methodists, Quaker 31. Reformation 32. Christians 33. Sabbath 34. metric, monetary 35. Canada; Mexico; Russia 36. 1783 37. Russia; Canada; China 38. north-central; four 39. tropical; volcanic islands 40. “Father of Waters”; “Old Man River”, the Rockies; the Gulf of Mexico 41. the Mississippi River; the Columbia River 42. the Great Lakes, lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, Lake Ontario, Lake Michigan, Canada 43. the west, the USA, Mexico, Canada 44. hurricanesChoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stted in the text.1-10: BDBDC/ADCAA 11-20: ABDBA/CCBAB 21-30: ABDDA/BCCDA 31-40: CADAA/BCBABExplain the following terms.1.The British IslesThe British Isles is the name of some islands in Western Europe, separated from the European continent by the North Sea, the Strait of Dover and the English Channel. Among the islands, Great Britain and Ireland are the two main ones. The country of the U.K. mainly consists of these two islands.2.LondonLondon is the capital of both England and the United Kingdom, and the world’s ninth largest city. As one of the world's most important business, financial and cultural centers, it carries a lot of influence in aspect of politics, education, entertainment, media, fashion and the arts. The city is also a major tourist destination for both domestic and overseas visitors.3.Edinburgh FestivalEdinburg h is well known for the annual Edinburgh Festival, the world’s largest arts festival. Established in 1947, it takes place in the city during three weeks every August alongside severalother arts and cultural festivals, collectively known as the Edinburgh Festival.4. New York CityThe city of New York, the largest city in the United States, is known for its status as a financial, cultural, transportation, and manufacturing center. The city consists of five boroughs: The Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island. Among American cities, New York is unique for its 24-hour mass transit, so the city is sometimes referred to as "The City that Never Sleeps". New York City is the most populous city in the United States, and it is unique for the density and diversity of its population.5. White HouseThe White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States. It was built between 1792 and 1800 in the late Georgian style and has been the executive residence of every U.S. President since John Adams, the 2nd president of the U.S.6.HollywoodHollywood is a district in Los Angeles, California. Because it is well known as the historical center of movie studios and stars, the word "Hollywood" is often used as a symbol for the American film and television industry. Many historic Hollywood theaters are used as venues to premiere major theatrical releases and host the Academy Awards. Hollywood is a popular destination for nightlife and tourism and home to the Walk of Fame.7. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is that part of the British Isles ruled over by the Queen. It consists of Scotland, Wales and England, and also the Northern part of Ireland. The full title of the United Kingdom is therefore “The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”.8. The highland zoneThe highland zone is an area of high hills and mountains in the north and west. And the highest elevations in the Britain Isles are in the highland zone. The highland zone is cooler than the lowland zone, and receives more rainfall and less sunlight.9. The lowland zoneThe lowland zone in the south and east of Britain consists mostly of rolling plains with a gentle, undulating surface and extensive areas of almost-level ground. It receives less rain and more sunshine than the highland zone and much of the soil in the zone is fertile. Most of Britain’s population lives densely packed into the lowland zone, which covers most of England. The metropolis of London and most of Britain’s large cities are located in the lowland zone.10. The Pennine ChainThe Pennine Chain is the backbone of England. It is a massive upland area extending 260km north to south, starting at the Cheviot Hills on England’s border with Scotland and ending in the Midlands of central England. It is made up of several broad, rolling, windswept moorlandsseparated by deep river valleys. Many of England’s major industrial areas lie on the flanks of the Pennie Chain, where there are many coalfields.11. ThamesThe Thames is the second longest river in Britain. It is 338km long, and flows eastward out of the Cotswold Hills and weaves through the metropolis of London. The Thames provides water to the city of London and is used to carry commercial freight.12. The Church of EnglandIt is the established church of the English nation, with the king or queen as the head of the Church and being crowned by the Archbishop of Canterbury in Westminster.13. Free ChurchesThey are Protestant churches outside the Church of England, including Baptists, the United Reformed Church, Quakers and Methodists. They suffered religious and political persecution in the 17th century, and were excluded from many offices and places, until the early 19th century. They were once called “dissenters” and “non-conformists”, now they are called members of Free Churches.14. EasterIt is a Christian festival, kept on the first Sunday after the first full moon of the vernal equinox, commemorating Christ’s resurrection. Parents usually color hard-boiled eggs before Easter. Late Saturday night or early Sunday morning the eggs are hidden, and the children have an Easter egg. Little children believe the Easter rabbit comes and leaves the eggs for them.15. Westminster AbbeyIt is an ancient church where kings and queens are crowned and where, particularly in Poets’Corner, many famous men and women are buried.16. ReformationIt began as a political movement as much as a religious one: when the Pope would not let Henry VIII divorce his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, Henry declared himself head of the English Church and dissolved the monasteries. Protestantism, of a Calvinist type, was introduced under Edward VI, Mary I brought a catholic reaction, but with Elizabeth I the Church of England was established on a moderate protestant basis.。

英美文化课后答案Chapter3Politics

英美文化课后答案Chapter3Politics英美文化课后答案3Lecture 3 PoliticsTell whether each of the following statement is true or false.1-10: FTTFF/FTTTF 11-20: TTFTF/FFTFT 21-30: TFTFF/TFFTT Fill in the blanks with the correct information.1. Lords; Commons2. the Prime Minister; the Sovereign/Queen3. the Queen; the House of Commons4. Conservative Party; Labour Party5. Conservative6. a federal system7. executive; judicial8. one; eight9. Senate; Representatives; two 10. the Democratic Party; the Republican Party 11. Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her Other Realms and Territories, Queen, Head of Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith. 12. legislature, monarch 13. the Queen 14. Commons, resigns, dissolve 15. not, most, majority, Prime Minister, Opposition, frontbenches, Shadow 16. supreme law 17. the Articles of Confederation18. republic, state, president 19. ratification 20. Bill of Rights, amendments 21. executive, checks and balances 22. bicameral, the Senate, the House of Representatives 23. President, Constitutional Amendment, two 24. Supreme Court 25. Democratic, Republican 26. the Electoral CollegeChoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in the text.1-10: CDAAC/ADDAD 11-20: DCDBC/ADDAC 21-28: BCDAB/BDBExplain the following terms.1. British ParliamentThe British Parliament today consists of three parts: the Queen, the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The Parliament has a number of different functions. First and foremost, it passes laws. Another role of the Parliament is to scrutinize, or examine the government.2. Life peerLife peers receive their noble titles from the Queen on the advice of the Prime Minister. However, a life peer cannot pass the title on to his or her children. These appointments are usually made for people’s outstanding careers or contributions to society. Famous people who have been made peers are former British Prime Ministers Winston Churchill and Margaret Thatcher.3. British ConstitutionThe U.K. does not have a written constitution, which most countries have. While much of the constitution is written down, it is not systematically written into a single document. The British Constitution is made up of three main parts: Statutes, Common Laws and Conventions.4. The Labour PartyThe Labour Party was developed by the growing trade union movement at the end of the 19th century. It quickly replaced the Liberal Party as one of the two largest political parties in the U.K. The Labour Party supported state control of important industries and a more equal distribution of wealth. It has drawn financial support from the trade unions.5. The U.S. ConstitutionThe Constitution of the United States was written as a single political document in 1787. There were only 7 articles in it. The Constitution demands the election of the president, and provides that federal laws would only be made by a Congress. It also provides for a national court system headed by a Supreme Court. The Constitution follows these principles: federal system, “checks and balances” of the powers and respect for the Constitution.6. A federal systemA federal system is one in which power is shared between the central government and the state government. Therefore, each of the Americans is under the two governments--the federal government and the state government. The federal government has the right to declare war, to tax, to borrow or coin money and to regulate business and trade. Generally speaking, the federal government deals with foreign affairs and matters of general concern to all the states.7. Checks and balancesWhen Americans talk about the system of “checks and balances”, they often refer to the three-part government. The system limits the powers of the three branches. Each branch has powers that the others do not have, and each branch is given power to check the operations of the others, so that no one branch can become too powerful.8. The CongressThe Congress is the supreme legislative branch of the U.S. government. Under the Constitution, it is the only branch that can make federal laws, levy federal taxes, and declare war upon other countries. The American Congress is made up of two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives. BothSenators and Representatives of the House are chosen by a direct election from all of the states.9. Bill of RightsMany of the recommendations of the states ratifying conventions were considered later by James Madison as he drafted what became the Bill of The Rights. It is commonly viewed as consisting of the first 10 articles of Amendments to the Constitution. These amendments give all Americans rights to believe in any religion; to speak, write and publish as they like; to gather together peaceably and to petition the government; to be secure in their homes without fear of unreasonable searches and seizure of persons and property; and to receive fair and just treatment in courts of law. The Bill of Rights was added in 1791.10. jurisdictionJurisdiction is the authority to hear and decide cases. According to the Constitution, the federal courts exercise jurisdiction over cases in which the subject involves either the U.S. Constitution, statutes, or treaties; maritime law; or cases in which the litigants include either the U.S. government, more than one state government, one state government and a citizen of another state, citizens of more than one state, or a foreign government or citizen. The state courts exercise jurisdiction over the remaining cases. These include most criminal cases.11. Electoral CollegeIt is a body that elects the president and vice president. Each state is represented by the same number of members as in its congressional delegation. In another word, each has as many electors as the total representation in Congress (House plus Senate). The voters vote for electors who will cast their ballots in the Electoral College. Because of the winner-take-all feature ofthe Electoral College, the system gives an advantage to large states and their urban populations.12. Manifest DestinyThe 19th century journalist John O’Sullivan coined the phrase “manifest destiny”in an 1839 article. It conveyed the belief in the divinely conferred right of the republic to expand westward and bring more of the continent into “the great experiment of Liberty and Federated self-government”.Questions for Discussion1.The Articles of Confederation was the first governing Constitution of the United States ofAmerica. Although serving a crucial role in the victory in the American Revolutionary War, a group of reformers felt that the Articles lacked the necessary provisions for a sufficiently effective government. Another problem is that the government lacked taxing authority; it had to request funds from the states. Another criticism of the Articles was that they did not strike the right balance between large and small states in the legislative decision making process. 2.Legislature is a type of representative assembly with the power to create and change laws.The President has the authority to appoint federal judges as vacancies occur. Under the Constitution, the President is responsible for foreign relations with other nations. He also has the right to veto or sign any bills passed by Congress. He can call into service of the National Guard. The judicial branch is headed by the Supreme Court, which is the only court specifically created by the Constitution. The Supreme Court is the ultimate appellate court in the United States. It usually hears cases on appeal. If Congress proposes a law that the President thinks is unwise, the President can veto it. That means the proposal does not becomelaw. If Congress passes a law which is then challenged in the courts as unconstitutional, the Supreme Court has the power to declare the law unconstitutional and therefore no longer in effect.。

英美文化课本习题答案

英美文化教材习题答案Britain1. Who are the British ?Ⅰ1.the Scottish Highlanders: They are the Scots who live in the mountain areas of the Highlands in Northern Scotland. They are a proud, ind ependent and hardy peopl e who maintain their strong cultural id entity.2.the British Isles: The British Isl es lie northern of Europe in the Atlantic Ocean. They consist of two large islands-Britain and Ireland and several small islands.3.the National Eisted dfod: Eisted dfod is the Welsh word for “sitting”. National Eisted dfod is t he most famous festival of music and verse in Wales. It takes place each August and lasts for about a week. The highlight of the Eisted dfod is a competition for the best epic poem about Wales written and read in Welsh. The winner is crowned Bard, consid ered the supreme honor in Wales.4.Bard: “Bard”originally d enoted the grouping epic poem to the Celtic l ead ers or warriors for their great achievement. Now, it roughly means the respected poetry.5.Northern Ireland (Ulster): A section of the United Kingd om of Great Britain and the Northern Ireland, l ocated in the northeast of the Ireland, the capital of which is Belfast.6.Oliver Cromwell: Oliver Cromwell was the Roundhead l ead er during the English Civil War. Hed efeated King Charl es Ⅰ and cond emned him to d eath. The monarchy was overthrown, and the country became for more than ten years a republic.7.William Ⅲ: the protestant King (参见P10-11)8.The Orange Day celebrations: cel ebrations hel d by Protestants on 12 August each year in North Ireland to commemorate the Battle of the Royne in 1690 when the Protestant King William of Orange crushed a Catholic rebellion in Lond ond erry. The celebrations were always aggressively provocative and fightings often broke out between Protestant marches and Catholic bystand ers.9.The Provisional IRA: IRA, the Irish Reputation Army, is a nationalist organization d edicated to the unification of Ireland. It was organized in1919. The IRA refused to accept a separate Northern Ireland und er British rul e. In 1969 it split into an “official” majorit y, which disclaimed violence, and a terrorist “provisional” wing, whose attacks on British troops in Northern Ireland, rand om bombings, and others acts of terror in England kept tensions high.10. The Peace People: In the summer of 1976 Betty Williams, a Protestant housewife, was so horrified at the killing fo two children by a running IRA car that she decid ed to organize the women of Ulster, both Protestant and Catholic, into a pressure group. It is a pressure group working for peace and reconciliation in Ireland. Williams and her Catholic partner, Corrigan, soon gathered thousands of foll owers d espite threats and intimidation from both sid es. They continued to pursue their aims and at the end of 1976 the two l ead ers were award ed the Nobel Prize for Peace.Ⅱ1.The full name of the United Kingd om is the United Kingd om of Great Britain and the Northern Ireland.2.The Romans first land ed in Britain in the year of 55BC.3.The Scots are well-known for being inventive, hard-working, serious mind ed and cautious with money.4.Two of the Welsh characteristics are cultural prid e and their l ove of music and poetry.5.Peopl e began to settle in about 10,000 years ago. two famous Scottish writers: Robert Burns and Sir Walter Scottor, two Welsh writers: Dylan Thomas and Gwyn Thomas; and two Irish writers: Jonathan Swift and Oscar Wild e.7.Angl es, Saxons and Jutes were the three Germanic tribes that came to be the basis of mod ern English race.ⅢDDBAB2. English HistoryⅠ1.Exercise book Page29 12.Page29 23.Page29 34.Page29 65.Page30 96.Henry ⅧTextbook P28 2nd para.7.Elizabeth Ⅰ Textbook P29 1st para.8.Divine Right Textbook P30 2nd para. (可忽略)9.Page33 2210.VictorianismⅡ1.The Crusad es2.Columbus, Vasco da Gama3.the Mid dl e ages4.the Parliament, the King Charl es Ⅰ5. Charl es Darwin6. the Great Depression7. the League of Nations, United NationsⅢDBBCD4.British Government SystemI.1.学习手册63页III.12.学习手册65页III.93.学习手册65页III.104.学习手册64页III.35.学习手册64页III.46.学习手册64页III.77.学习手册64页III.5II.1. Elizabeth the Second2. On Her Majesty’s Service3. the Most Ord er of the Garter4. In her rol e as head of the Church of England5. Acts of Parliament; the Prerogative of the Crown;Conventions of the Constitution; Common law; Parliamentary Privilege6. Five, 6357. The Crown; the House of Lords; the House of Commons8. Parliament9. The final court of appeal in civil cases and criminal cases, except criminal cases in Scotland.10. To make laws;to control and criticize the executive government;to control the raising and the spending of money11. The Lord Chancellor12. Her ministers13. Parliament; Cabinet; the House of Commons; Parliament III. BCADCAIV.1.课本P68 第二段2.课本P75 第二，四段P74 第三段3.课本P764.课本P78 第一段5.课本P81 第三段6.课本P737.课本P78 第一，二段5.Industry, Agriculture and BusinessⅠ1.Exercise book Page80 12.P80 23.P81 64.P82 85.Special d evelopment area: Textbook P101 2nd para.6.P81 37.P81 48.P81 7Ⅱ1. coal, water power2. the Second Worl d War, the Bank of England, coal, civil aviation3. the Second Worl d War, Labour4. a nation of shop-keepers5. the discovery and exploitation of oil and gas in the North Sea.ⅢADCAA6.English LiteratureI.1.学习手册96页. III.22.学习手册96页. III.33.学习手册96页. III.44.学习手册97页. III.55.课本124页. 第二，三段6.学习手册96页. III.77.学习手册96页. III.8II.1. Beowulf;the 6th2.their Viking raid ers swept into Britain3.the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle;The Roman invasion of Britain in 54B.C.The mid dl e of the 12th century4.Chaucer; Shakespeare; Milton5.Thomas More; Utopia6.Romeo and Juliet; Hamlet; Othello; The Tempest; Twelfth Nights; As You Like It; Richard III; Richard II; Julius Caesar7.The Essays8.Paradise Lost; Paradise Regained; Samson Agonistes9.Pilgrim’s Progress10.Jonathan Swift11.His poems London and The Vanity of Human Wishes12.Robert Burns13.Robinson Cruise14.William Wordsworth; Samuel Tayl or Col eridge; Lord Byron; John Keats; Percy Bysshe Shell ey15.Jane Austen; Anne Bronte; Emily Bronte16.Louis Stevenson; Lewis Carroll; William Makepeace Thackeray;David Copper field; Oliver Twist;George Eliot; Oscar Wilde;The Return of the Nation; Jude the Obscure17.James Joyce; Ulysses18.George Bernard ShawIII. DBCAADAADDIV.1.课本P115-1162.课本P122-1233.课本P1334.课本P135 第二，三段8.Religion and BeliefsExplain the foll owing in English: 全部在学习手册P109.Fill the blanks:1)Roman Catholic; Protestant2)The Old Testament; the New Testament.3)Queen; the Archbishop of Canterbury.4)God; Jesus; the Holy Spirit.5)Presbyterian6)The Pope in Rome and the church or priesthood.7)The Presbyterian; the Methodist Church; the Congregational Church; the Baptist Church; theQuakers.8)Humbl er forms of life.Answer the questions:1)学习手册P106 13、14题2)P146 第三段3)P148 第二段4)P150 第一段cationExplain the foll owing in English:1) 2) 3) 6) 7) 8)是学习手册P140、P141和P142的1.3.4.7.8.11题4) 5)在书本P171 第二段Fill the blanks:1) 5;15.2)Christmas; Easter; summer.3)The sel ective; the comprehensive4)Eton; Harrow; Rugby.5)About three-quarters of income of Britain University.6)Oxford; Cambridge.7)St Andrews; Glasgow (or Aberd een; Edinburgh)8)Oxford.9)Leeds; Lancaster (any acceptabl e answers are correct)10)Exclusiveness.Tick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:A C D DAnswer the questions:1)Both educational and social grounds2)P171第二段3)学习手册P148或P137 的24题4)书本P174最后一段和P175最开头一段5)课本P175-1776)The coll ege system and the tutorial system.7)P178最后一段11.The press, Radio and TelevisionExplain the foll owing in English:1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 在学习手册P1666)书本P198 第二段的7)书本P204 第三段Fill the blanks:1)the smallness of the country2)Quality paper; popular paper.3)The Times; The Guardian; the Daily Telegraph; Daily Mail; Daily Mirror; Sun.4)Thomson5)The Conservative Party; the Liberal Party6)Daily Telegraph7)The Sunday Times; Observer.8)Daily Mirror; The Sun.Tick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:D B C B AAnswer the questions:1) 学习手册P1742) 书本P201最后一段书本P206 最后一段America1.Atlantic to PacificⅠ.1.学习手册第196 页2.课本第237页2nd para.3.学习手册第197 页4.课本第237页1st para & 第246页注释175.学习手册第196 页6.学习手册第197 页7.课本第239页最后一段& 第240页第一、二段8.课本第242页最后一段& 第247页注释26Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks1. 50, 13, 35, Hawaii, Alaska2.Alaska, California3.Eastern standard time, central standard time, mountain standard time, pacific standard time4.Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Rhod e Island5.West Virginia, New York State, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland6.The Potomac, Washington D.C7.The Appalachian, Vermont, Canada8.The Appalachian, Rocky9.Washington State, Oregon, California10.New England, the Mid-Atlantic area, the South, the Mid-West, the Great Plains states, the Western and the Pacific coast statesⅢ. Tick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:C AD D C CⅣ. Answer the questions:1.学习手册第191, 196 页2.学习手册第196 页3.学习手册第196 页4.课本第237 页5.课本第239 页6.学习手册第198 页，课本241 页2. AMERICAN HISTORYExplain the foll owing in English:（其余未注明的页码是学习手册页码）1.P218.5（学习手册218页第五条）2.P280.9 (课本280页第九个注释)3.P221.154.P222.175.P221.146.P222.167.P222.188.P223.209.P224.2610.P225.2811.P226.3312.P227.3513.P228.3814.P228.4015.P223.22Fill in the blanks:1.Icelandic Vikings, Columbus2.Jamestown Virginia, 16073.English Puritans, Roman Catholics, The Quaker l ead er William Penn4.1775, 17835.a second continental Congress6.July 4th7.the Fed eralists, the Republicans, classes, ideological lines8.Thomas Jefferson9.John Marshall10.Uncl e Tom’s Cabin11.put an end to slavery, d ecid ed that America is a singl e indivisibl e nation12.he introduced the assembly line into automobil e production, Manufacturing the Mod el T13.the New York Stock Exchangeissez-faire, the government shoul d interfere with business as little as possibl e, government action15.Eugene V. DebsTick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:1-10:BAAADADADBAnswer the questions:(课本页码)1.P2522.P2533.P2544.P2575.P2586.P264-p2657.P266-p2678.P268-p2699.P270-p27110.P27311.P27512.P276-p2773.THE FORMS OF GOVERNMENTExplain the foll owing in English:（未标注页码为学习手册页码）1.P245.52.P245.63.P246.74.P246.95.P247.116.P247.127.P247.138.P311.3(课本)9.P246.810.P240.1211.P314.23（课本）Fill in the blanks:1.fed eralism, the separation of powers, respect for the Constitution and the rul e of law2.foreign affairs, matters of general concern to all the states3.the Democrats, the Republicans4.executive, l egislature, judicial5.Ford, Rockefell er, the Presid ent Nixon resigned when he was in power6.Vice-Presid ent7.four, four, John Kenedy8.two terms(eight years)9.435, 2, 100, 610.the Congress(both the Senate and the House of Representatives), the Senate, a two-thirds majority in both Houses11.Confed eration12.192213.The Supreme Court14.life, Presid ent, the Senate15.The Fed eral Bureau of InvestigationTick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:1-8: ACDCADCBAnswer the questions:(课本页码)1.P2882.P2883.P2914.P294&(p314.29)5.P3026.P3037.P290, p297, p3078.P302-p3034. American LiteratureⅠ. Explain the foll owing in English:1.学习手册第268 页2.学习手册第268 页3.学习手册第268 页4.学习手册第269 页5.学习手册第270 页6.学习手册第273 页7.学习手册第274 页Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks1. Washington Irving, Fennimore Cooper2.Edgar Allan Poe, The Fall of the house of Usher3.(Concord, Massachusetts), Ralph Wald o Emerson,Henry David Thoreau, Nathaniel Hawthorne4.Nature, The American Scholar, Self-Reliance, Experience5.Walden6.The Scarlet Letter7.Herman Melville8.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Life on the Mississippi, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn9.Theodore Dreiser10.The Great Gatsby, what had happened to American life11.John Dos Passos12.A Fable, Light in August, The Hamlet13.The Sun Also Rise, A farewell to Arms, For Whom the Bell Tolls14.John Steinbeck, Ralph Ellison15.Eugene O’Neill, Long Day’s Journey into NightⅢ. Tick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:CADBD DCCAD BCⅣ. Answer the questions:1.学习手册第258,267(explanation 1) 页2.Both are 19th-century writer. Both are also a poet and journal keeper.3.学习手册第269(2) 页4.课本第2326 页5.5. ReligionⅠ. Explain the foll owing in English:1.学习手册第293 页2.学习手册第293 页3.学习手册第294 页4.学习手册第294 页5.学习手册第291 页Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks1.four-fifths, majority hardly, half2.U.S3.Against the Constitution4.The Baptists, the Methodists5.Roman Catholics, the Baptists, The Methodists, Presbyterians6.John F. KennedyⅢ. Tick the correct answer in each of the foll owing:ACDCAⅣ. Answer the questions:1.课本第345 页（4-9行）2.课本第345（最后一段）页3.课本第346（第二段）页4.可参阅课本359页Notes6、7、8、9所对应的句子。

英美国家文化概况课后选择题答案

英美国家文化概况课后选择题答案UNIT31.Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution? The American had the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants.2. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe?The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.3. The following were the main Reformation leaders exceptMartin Luther King4. The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism exceptsalvation through the church.5. Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?separation of state and church.6. Lord Baltimore's feudal plan failed becausethe English king did not like the plan.7. The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic exceptWilliam Penn.8. The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly fromJohn Locke.9. Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism?Catholics.10. "No taxation without representation" was the rallying cryof “the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution.UNIT41. Which of the following statements was NOT correct? When the War of Independence was over, the relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined.2. According to the author, the Articles of Confederation failed because of the following reasons. Which is not true?Some new states wanted to be free from the Union.3. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention?Rhode Island.4. Which of the following statements was NOT correct? When the Constitution was written,t here was a Bill of Rights in the Constitution.5. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes? The legislative.6.Which of the following is NOT a power of the president?The president can make laws.7. The Bill of Rights consists of10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791.8. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?The freedom of searching a person's home by police.9. The following were NOT written into the Constitution in 1787 exceptthe powers of the president.10. The New Deal was started byFranklin Roosevelt.UNIT 51. The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, in the state of Rhode Island.2. The “American system” of mass production was first used in United States.firearms industry3. The United States had the first standard paper currency in 1863.4. In which year was the United States rated NO.1 in terms of production capacity in the world? 19455. Which of the following is NOT considered as part of the service industry?Steelmaking6. The United States was rated forth in the world in terms of land area and the size of population.7. The United States produces as much as half of the world’ssoybeans and corn.8. Which of the following is generally considered as an important institutional factor that contributed to the success of American business and industry?Laissez-faire9. Who has extolled the virtues of farmers?Thomas Jefferson10. The latest technology that farmers have adopted iscomputersUNIT61. Which of the following was NOT a Protestant denomination?The Catholics2. Which of the following is unconstitutional in the United States?Public money is provided to support religious schools.3. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs?Islamic4. Which of the following is true?Liberal Protestants and Jews join non-believers in maintaining that abortion is a basic right for women,5. Which of the following continues to have an all-male clergy?The Catholic Church6. Which of the following features is NOT distinctively American?There has been very much concentration on doctrine or religious argument in the US.7. In the United States, people go to church mainly for the following reasons except for finding a job in society.8. Which of the following statement is NOT correct according to the author?Protestant Church is an established church by law in the US.UNIT 71. Which of the following was a writer of the post-Revolutionary period?Washington Irving2. Which of the following is considered an American masterpiece?Moby Dick3. Which of the following was written by Henry David Thoreau?Walden4. Whitman’s poetry has the following characteristics exceptfragmented haunting images5. Mark Twain’s work are characterized by the following exceptegotism6. Three of the following are characteristics of Emily Dickinson’s poems. Which one is NOT? Her poems are very long and powerful.7. Henry James was mainly interested in writing about American living in Europe.8. Sherwood Anderson is NOT included in the group of naturalists.9. Three of the following authors are Noble Prize winners. Which one is NOT?F.Scott Fitzgerald.10. John Steinbeck does NOT belong to the ‘Lost Generation’.11. Lig ht in August was NOT written by Hemingway.12. Which of the following is NOT an African-American author?Alan Ginsberg13. The following author were women writers who wrote novels in the 19th and early 20th century with the exception of Willa Cather14. The following writers represent new American voices exceptT.S.Eliot15. Among the following Native American writers, whosepublications are regarded as sparking the beginning of the Native American Renaissance?Scott Momaday’sUNIT 81.Which of the following subjects are NOT offered to elementary school students?Politics and business education.2. The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by _______.boards of education3. In the United States school systems, which of the following divisions is true?Elementary school, secondary school.4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in American higher education?Research institutions5. Three of the following factors have contributed to the flourishing of large universities in America, which is the exception?Large universities offer scholarships to all students.6. The most important reason for students wanting to get into more desirable institutions because they find it easy for them to get jobs after having graduated from one of them7. In order to go to university, secondary school students must meet the following requirements except that _______.they pass the college entrance examinations8. Three of the following universities have large endowments from wealthy benefactors. Which is the exception?The State University of New York9. Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except _______. Investment10. To get a bachelor's degree, an undergraduate student is required to do the following except taking certain subjects such as history, language and philosophyUNIT 91. Black American sang the anthem of the civil rights movement, ______affirming their commitment to fight racial prejudice.We Shall Overcome!2. The most notorious terrorist group against black civil rights workers in the South was known as Ku Klux Klan.3. The reason why many young people were involved in the social movements of the 1960s was thatthey resented traditional white male values in US society4. In addition to such tactics as sit-ins, young students also added ______to educate people about war in Vietnam.Teach-in5. According to the author, three civil rights groups provided the leadership, the tactics, and the people to fight against Southern segregation. Which is the exception?The students for a democratic society6. A historic moment of the civil rights movement was the March on Washington of August 28, 1963 when ______delivered his “I Have a Dream”Martin Luther King, Jr.7. In January 1965, President Johnson declared “_______”to eliminate poverty “by opening to everyone the opp ortunity to live in decency and dignity.”War on poverty8. Unlike Martin Luther King, _______the chief spokesperson of Black Muslins advocated violence in self defense and blackpride.Malcolm X9.During the early stages of the civil rights movement, the major integration strategy initiated by the Congress of Racial Equality was known as _____to integrate interstate buses and bus station in the South.Freedom rides10. Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in the spirit of India’s leader Ga ndhi, _______was awarded the Noble Peace Prize in 1964.Martin Luther King,Jr.11. The one group within the counter culture best known for their pursuit of happiness as their only goal in life was called____ the Hippies12. In the 1960s, feminism was reborn. Many women were dissatisfied with their lives, and in 1963, with the publication of _______by _________, they found a voice.The Feminine Mystique, Betty FriedanUNIT 101. Which of the following statement is NOT true about blacks after the 1960s?Blacks felt that they could be fully integrated into the mainstream of American life.2. the main factor contributing to the widening income gap between blacks and whites in the 1970s was _____black had low position and low pay in the workplace hierarchy3. Which of the following is NOT the reason for the higher arrest rates among minority groups? The aggressive nature of these groups.4. Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime?Robbery5. Which of the following statement is NOT true?The Northern states did not have racial discrimination.6. Accoding to the text, which of the following is NOT a dysfunction caused by drug abuse? Drug abuse is a major cause of unemployment.7. If white-collar crimes were included in the Crime Index, the profile of a typical criminal in the United States would be the following EXCEPTliving near city centers8. Which of the following used human beings as guinea pigs to test drugs like LSD?The CIAUNIT111. When did the word stereotype come into use in English?Early 17th century2. Which organization in the United States demonstrated strongly against any laws that might restrict gun ownership?The NRA (national Rifle Association)3. Which of the following websites are meant to cater to young tastes?Facebook4. Who was the author of the popular play The Melting Pot which was associated with life in America since the late 18th century?Israel Zangwill5. What was the major historical event that resulted in the separation of the Protestants from the Roman Catholic Church?The 16th-century Reformation6. Which of the following expressions represents the core value of the mainstream society in the USA?Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.7. Which of the following was President FranklinD.Roosevelt’s mai n concern?Social justice8. According to the author, the mosaic metaphor for American image has one fatal flaw. What is it?American is not open to change .9.The internet has several characteristics that reflect life in the USA today. Which one is NOT? People can freely download MP3 music10. Which of the following institution is responsible for the making of the Internet?The US military11. Free use of the Internet in the US responds to the basic American values, except that _____it doesn’t help create material wealth.12. Which of the following helps theorize the concept of Fraternity? Karl Marx。

英美社会与文化试题参考答案(仅供参考)教学内容

1.what are the general features of Britain`s independent schools？An independent school in the United Kingdom is a school relying upon private sources for all of its funding, predominantly in the form of school fees. In England and Wales the term public school is often used to refer to what is normally called in other countries a "private" school, a term which originally referred to those schools named in the Public Schools Act 1868. These schools themselves tend to prefer the term "independent school".2.why is the United States regarded as a "melting pot" and a "salad"？The melting pot is a metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements "melting together" into a harmonious whole with a common culture. It is particularly used to describe the assimilation of immigrants to the United States; the melting-together metaphor was in use by the 1780s.After 1970 the desirability of assimilation and the melting pot model was challenged by proponents of multiculturalism, who assert that cultural differences within society are valuable and should be preserved, proposing the alternative metaphor of the salad bowl –different cultures mix, but remain distinct.3.why did America change its policy and enter world war two?Because the Great Depression lead a worldwide warfare crisis . But in the face of the Warfare crisis，the thinking of isolationism and anthropocentrism filled the society of America,most of American pay no attention on the war of other countries. It was until March of 1941 when the warfare fo west Europe is become incandescent the Capitol Hill adopt the Act of Lease. This marked US was no longer neutral state but a member of Allies. Than the Pearl Harbor incident finally made the United States enter The World War II on the side of the Allies.4.what were Nixon's well-known contributions during his presidency?Nixon is noted for his diplomatic foreign policy, especially with the Soviet Union and China, and his efforts to end the Vietnam War. He is also noted for his middle-of-the-road domestic policy that combined conservative rhetoric and, in many cases, liberal action, as in his environmental policy.As president, Nixon imposed wage and price controls, indexed Social Security for inflation, and created Supplemental Security Income. The number of pages added to the Federal Register each year doubled under Nixon. He advocated gun control, reduced speed limits, and eradicated the last remnants of the gold standard. Nixon created the Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration and implemented the Philadelphia Plan, the first significant federal affirmative action program.5.what was the cause of the American civil war?1. Economic and social differences between the North and the South.2. States versus federal rights3. The fight between Slave and Non-Slave State Proponents.4. Growth of the Abolition Movement.5. The election of Abraham Lincoln.6.what are the two characteristics of the U.S construction?the Statue of Liberty The Capitol7.what are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively? Senator:1) each senator must be at least 30 years old, 2) must have been a citizen of the United States for at least the past nine years, and 3) must be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant ofthe state he or she seeks to represent.Each representative must: (1) be at least twenty-five years old; (2) have been a citizen of the United States for the past seven years; and (3) be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state they represent.8.what are the Major powers of the supreme court?The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States, and leads the federal judiciary. It consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices, who are nominated by the President and confirmed with the "advice and consent" of the Senate. Justices serve "during good Behaviour," which terminates at death, resignation, retirement, or conviction on impeachment. The Court meets in Washington, D.C. in the United States Supreme Court building. The Supreme Court is primarily an appellate court, but has original jurisdiction in a small number of cases.9.how does an American university choose its applicants?It will through some aspects：transcript，academic performance，extra-curricular achievements，personnel，inherence，artistic skills10.what are the origins of thanksgiving day?Thanksgiving, or Thanksgiving Day, is a traditional North American holiday, which is a form of harvest festival. The date and whereabouts of the first Thanksgiving celebration is a topic of modest contention, though the earliest attested Thanksgiving celebration was on September 8, 1565 in what is now Saint Augustine, Florida. Despite any scholarly research to the contrary, however, the traditional "first Thanksgiving" presented by Chief Massasoit is venerated as having occurred at the site of Plymouth Plantation, in 1621.11.what is the essence of American puritanism?1，puritanism is a strict religious doctrine.2, puritanism also has practical aspects. Puritans have to work hard, and prepare for the obstacles they will meet in their life.American puritanism contains origional sin, predestination,total depravity，limited atonement of God's grace12.what is the lost generation?The Lost Generation is a term used to refer to a collective group of artists and writers who settled in Europe in the wake of the First World War. Members of the Lost Generation lived in Europe in the 1920s and early 1930s, and they had a profound impact on society and the arts. This generation is referred to as “lost” not because it has faded from memory, but because the individuals in the Lost Generation often expressed a sense of emotional confusion, feeling lost in their own society.13.what are the characteristics of American writing during the romantic period? reaction against logic and reason; antiscientific in its bent; faith in something inherently good and transcendent in the human spirit in no need of salvation, but rather in need of awakening..."In this romantic period, writers put more emphasis on moral enthusiasm, and their masterpieces were full of passion, emotion, fancy and imagination. They also had a faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception, they displayed personalities, express feelings and ideas, emphasize men’s rights for freedom and happiness.For their part human nature is of good will. Men can learn the world through their own ability, conscience and intuition. The romantic showed a deep admiration and love for nature. Theypraised America’s landscape of its primitive forests, meadows, vast plains, seas and blue oceans. The beauty and perfection of nature could enable them to have unutterable joy and exuberance. And nature was regarded as a source of goodness while man’s societies a source o f corruption. Writers like Freneau, Cooper and Bryant took a great interest in external nature in their respective works.14.state the background for the American civil rights movement.The Civil Rights Movement in the United States has been a long, primarily nonviolent struggle to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to primarily African American citizens of United States. There have been many movements on behalf of other groups in the U.S. over time, but the term is often used to refer to the struggles between 1955 and 1968 to end discrimination against African-Americans and to end racial segregation, especially in the U.S. South. See African American for information on how various terms have been used at that time period for African Americans.15.make comments on women's liberation movement.The changes women worked for included changes in economic practices, such as not only asking equal work, but also equal opportunity for jobs in fields such as science and technology, management and politics.They wanted changes in social practices and attitudes which would acknowledge that women were not inferior to men in intelligence or abilityLegal segregation ended in the South as a result of the civil rights movement.The women's movement continues to gain more rights and opportunities for women.The social movements of the 1960s had a strong effect on the way people think and caused changes in many laws.16.what is the lvy league?name at least 4 of its members.The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The term is most commonly used to refer to those eight schools considered as a group. The term also has connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and a reputation for social elitism.Brown UniversityHarvard UniversityYale UniversityColumbia University。

英美文化课后答案 Chapter 5 Education

英美文化课后答案5Lecture 5 EducationTell whether each of the following statements is true or false.1-10: FFTFF/FTFTT 11-20: TFFFF/FFTFF 20-26: FTFFF/TFill in the blanks with the correct information.1. an infant section; a junior section2. the state schools; independent schools3. Grammarschools 4. public schools 5. General National V ocational Qualifications 6. Oxford University; Cambridge University 7. Oxford 8. 1836 9. Open University 10.B achelor’s degree; M aster’s degree; D octor’s degree.11. elementary 12. kindergarten13. elementary education; secondary education 14. home schooling 15. critical-thinking16. Harvard University 17. Harvard University 18. Yale University 19. PrincetonUniversity 20. Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyChoose the correct answer on the basis of what is stated in the text.1-10: BBCBB/BCABD 11-20: BABBC/DBABA 21-25: CCDDASentence Completion1. Oxford, Cambridge2. Eton, Harrow, Rugby, Winchester3. 5, 164. independent5. academic, practicalExplain the following terms.prehensive schoolComprehensive schools were established before 1960, when pupils were not separated by the criterion of academic ability. Such schools provide general education. The pupils study a wide variety of subjects at first and after two or three years they may give up some of them and only study the subject they like.2.Grammar schoolGrammar schools are the oldest schools in the U.K. Grammar schools select children; the children who get high marks in the“Eleven Plus” examination can attend them. The students who show academic potential can attend grammar schools in which the emphasis is advanced academic work rather than the more general curriculum of comprehensive schools.3.Independent schoolIndependent schools are also confusingly called public schools. Independent schools are funded through the private sector, tuition fees and minimal government assistance. Independent schools generally recruit the best teachers and provide advanced facilities. As a result, graduates of independent schools are more likely than those of state schools to be accepted by famous universities.4.OxbridgeThe term Oxbridge is used to refer both Oxford University and Cambridge University as asingle entity.5.Open UniversityThe Open University （OU）is the U.K.’s largest university for part-time higher education. It was founded in 1969 and began its first courses in 1970. It is open to everybody and doesn’t require the same formal educational qualifications as the other universities. University courses are taught through TV, radio, videos and a network of study centers.6.creditCredit is used to measure an undergraduate in academic progress. A credit equals to one hour of classroom lecture, or two or three hours of experiments per week in a semester.7.higher educationHigher education in the United Stated began with the founding of Harvard College in 1636. When the students have finished high school (twelfth grade), they may go on to a college or a university. College or university study is kno wn as “higher education”.8.Harvard UniversityHarvard University, the oldest institution of higher education in the United States, was established in l636, and named for its first benefactor，John Harvard. Harvard University is known around the world for its outstanding academic achievements. It has produced more than 40 Nobel laureates.Short Answer Questions1. The traditional “three R’s” are: reading, writing and arithmetics.2. After the Second World War a new educational system emphasizing equality was constructed with the assistance of church and trade unions. The Education Act in 1944 made entry to secondary schools and universities meritocratic. In other words, more children had access to a good education not because of their social class or their parents’ possession, but for the abilities they display. All children were given the right to a free secondary education.3. British high education is world renowned for two reasons: history and research output.4. Most universities in the United Kingdom can be classified into six main categories:1) Ancient universities – universities founded before the 19th century.2) London universities – universities founded in the 19th and early 20th centuries.3) Red Brick universities –universities founded in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The term “redbrick” is not used much today, but it is a useful way of describing this group of universities, many of which were built in the favorable building material of the time – red brick.4) Plate Glass Universities – founded in the 1960s which were known as “New Universities” when first created, but which are now more commonly considered a sub-section of the “Old Universities” which existed prior to the Further and Higher Education Act 1992 which allowed Polytechnics to become Universities.5) The Open University – founded in 1968, Britain’s sole mainly distance-learning University.6) New Universities –created in or after 1992 often called post-1992 universities, from polytechnics and colleges of Higher Education.5. The Open University is a degree-granting institution that provides courses of study for adults of all ages through television, radio, produced books, audio/video cassettes, correspondence courses and local study programs.6 .No Child Left Behind Act was passed to mandate Adequate Yearly Progress, which helped, to some extent, set some national learning standards.7. Because the individual state has the law-endowed rights to make its own educational decisions.8. American universities select their students up to their GPA and SAT mainly, at the same time, they may also take into consideration some subjective factors such as a commitment to extracurricular activities, a personal essay, and possibly an interview.9. GPA stands for Grade Point Average; SAT stands for School Aptitude Test.10. Charter schools receive public money but have been freed from some of the rules, regulations, and statutes that apply to other public schools in exchange for some type of accountability for producing certain results, which are set forth in each school’s charter.School vouchers, or education vouchers are a certificate issued by the government by which parents can pay for the education of their children at a school of their choice, rather tahtn the public school to which they are assigned.。

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第一章社会风俗习惯如何使用头衔，举止随意的原因，隐私的概念，感谢与道歉，被邀请时做什么，女士优先，闲谈，英国的“三三”习俗◆What titles do you use to show your respect for people? “Sir” and “madam” show respect for position and seniority.◆What suggestion does the author give to the Chinese who are in need of help in the United States? If you go to the United States and are in need of help, do not hesitate to ask for it. ◆How do Americans get familiar with one another?They ask some questions about personal subjects (such as his family, job, or home) to learn what they may have in common with you or just in order to begin a conversation.◆What will happen if a person ethers a private house without permission in the United States? He i s likely to be accused of trespassing or even burglary. ◆What do you avoid asking when you meet a lady? Her age.◆What do the Westerners think of the Chinese students’ excessive expression of gratitude and wha t is overdoing apology actually considered in the Western world? Empty thanks and insincerity, an awkward behavior.◆What will an American teacher get annoyed when a Chinese student makes excessive expressions of gratitude?Because excessive expressions of gratitude gives American teacher the sense of empty thanks and insincerity, and makes him feel uncomfortable.◆What is considered an awkward behavior in the American society?Overdoing apology actually is an awkward behavior in the American society. ◆What is the proper time that you should get to the place where you are invited? We should get to the place at the fixed time, or ten minutes after that. ◆What do you have to do if you are likely to be 15 minutes late?We should make a telephone call to your hostess, and have a proper reason for being late. ◆What is a proper gift that you should take to the hostess?Some flowers at the party. And if you are going to stay overnight or over the weekend, a book, a box of candy, a bottle of wine, or some other similar gift are proper.◆What are men expected to do when a woman guest comes into the sitting room? Men in the room are expected to stand up when she comes in.◆Where should the guest sit if the host or hostess or both of them come in a car to fetch him/her for dinner?The guest should squeeze into and sit at the front seat and leave the rear seat vacant, as the host o r hostess is also the driver.◆What are the general rules that you have to follow when people speak to you?People in the States expect those whom they speak to put aside whatever they are doing and listen, and the conversation distance between two people is at least two or three feet. ◆Why don’t the British try to bargain when they do shopping?Because sometimes they consider it losing face. And they just buy what they want at what they th ink a reasonable price, and take such a practice for granted. ◆What do the three “ings” refer to? Three “ings ” refer to betting, drinking and tipping, the ending for each of which is “ing”.第二章社交礼仪与礼节表达礼貌的方式，携带礼物，公共场合的举止行为，餐桌礼仪，校园内的社会交往◆What is the common way for Americans to entertain a guest?Americans warmly welcome visitors into their homes, and try to do as many special things for a guest as time permits.◆What is a suitable gift that you should bring to a hostess if you are going to stay overnight or for a weekend?It’s customary to bring the hostess a small present—often a book, a box of candy, a bottle of wine, or some similar gift.◆Which flowers are not suitable ones as gifts according to the usual European caveat? Red roses, white lilies, or chrysanthemums.◆Why is pushing one’s way through a crowd considered quite rude in the U.S.?Because physical contact make them extremely anxious. And visitors who violate Americans’ n otions concerning touching are likely to be regard as “pushy” or “aggressive”. ◆What does the notion “Line up, and wait your turn.” reflect?It reflects all people are equal, in the sense that no one has the privilege of going directly to the fr ont of a line. It also reflects their aversion to touching, which is much less likely to happen in a line than in a crowd jostling to get service.◆How do you define the notion “Don’t block the traffic”?Americans give priority to people who are moving rather than to those who are stationary. ◆What should foreign smokers do before they start smoking?Asking those around them, “Do you mind if I smoke?” is a good idea, and so is acceding to the wishes of those who say they mind.◆How do you use the set of silverware at a classy dinner? Use it from the outside in.◆What is the definition of “Dutch treat”? Split the check.◆Why do Americans prefer to split the check?Because they are fond of the ideas of self-reliance and fairness. If you don’t owe me and I don’t owe you we have a nice even relationship.◆Who is usually responsible for the expenses on a date?When a man invites a woman for a date, he generally assumes responsibility for all expenses on t he date. If the man continues to date the same woman, she may offer to pay part of the expenses.◆What does dating a variety of people indicate in the U.S.?It does not indicate frivolity on the part of a man or promiscuity on the part of a woman, but on r easonable accord.第三章生活方式与风格生活节奏，友谊模式，住房，开车，住在郊区的美国人，英国人的闲暇时光和私生活◆Why is American society said to “be ruled by the clock”?Everything is done in orderly fashion or by means of schedule.◆What do most Americans do when they find that you are a stranger?Most Americans become quite kindly and will take great care to help you.◆What is the most outstanding characteristic of the contemporary United States society?Perhaps the most outstanding characteristic of the contemporary United States society is its diver sity.◆What is the foreigners’ comment on the Americans’ materialism?Some foreigners view this as a “lack of appreciation for the spiritual or human aspects of life”, while others see it as a way of assuring the continuation of comparatively high standard of living i n the country.◆Where can a foreign student gain the detailed information on local housing options?The foreign student adviser, the housing office of the institution, bulletin boards located in dormit ories, cafeterias, libraries, etc.◆What does a foreign student have to do before signing a contract?He should study it carefully or ask a lawyer or some other knowledgeable person to read it, and e xamine the apartment carefully.◆What is the common form of paying the rent of an apartment or a house?Rents are normally payable one month in advice, usually on the first day of each month.◆Why does a foreign student have to pay a deposit before moving into an apartment or a house? For the damages during one’s occupancy.◆What do American traffic laws generally cover?American traffic laws cover the same subjects that traffic laws elsewhere cover: who can legally drive, minimum and maximum speeds, turning, parking, entering moving traffic, responding to em ergency vehicles, vehicle maintenance, and so on.◆What are American people’s attitudes toward traffic laws? Generally, Americans expect traffic laws to be enforced. ◆What does an American do once he has reached home?He is interested in working to improve it—making things, mending things, and work on the car —to make it as pleasant as possible.◆What does the American new suburb recreate?The new suburb recreates the sense of community of the old country village. ◆Why do the British often visit the fish—and—chip shop?Because it’s possible to buy over the counter a piece of fried fish and potatoes. ◆Which place is as British as pubs in Great Britain? The teashop is almost as British as the pub. ◆Where do middle class people in Britain prefer to go to spend their leisure hours and why? To salo on bars, which are more comfortable and less crowded.第四章食品与饮食习惯饮食习俗，传统的英国食品，与美国人共餐◆What is America described as? And why?America is described as a “melting pot”. Because of its diversity.◆What is the warning to a diner before he/she enters a restaurant in a city?Never judge by appearance, which may be misleading. Those that look small and informal may r eally be very expensive; and those that look large and expensive may just be ordinary. ◆Where can a person get a quick and inexpensive meal?A variety of informal eating places, such as snack bars, coffee shops, cafeteria, drugstore restaura nts, and so on.◆What is American food like in general?In general, American food is mild tasting; most Americans do not season their food to any great d egree.◆What does a main course include?The main course served in American meals is usually meat, fish, or poultry, but rarely is more tha n one of these served at the same meal.◆What are the other popular drinks apart from coffee and tea?Besides tea and coffee, other drinks popular in America are cola, milk and milk drinks called mil kshakes, fruit juices, and other mild drinks. ◆What are the most popular fast food in the U.S.? Hot dogs and hamburgers are the most popular fast food in the U.S.◆What helped the English to add a number of colorful foreign words to the vocabulary and foreign dishes to the table in the Victorian time?The Victorian tendency to send splendidly choleric officials to war and rule over far-flung corner s of the empire, and then later to retire them to the home countries, add a number of colorful foreig n words to the vocabulary and foreign dishes to the table.◆Why do the English tend to underrate their own food and slight their cookery? Because it is hom ely and familiar.◆What are the traditional English food that may impress foreigners?The puddings and cakes are the things that a foreigner will remember the most. ◆What are the three ways that the American people prepare their food? Boiled in water, grilled, an d deep-fried. ◆What are usually served as the main course?Usually a piece of chicken or steak or a slice of ham, with a few fried potatoes and some peas, or whatever, boiled to a pulp.◆What do American people usually do after dinner?Invite you to the living room to talk for two or three hours.第五章传统节日及其历史新年，四月愚人节，复活节的象征物，传统万圣节和万圣节的变化，感恩节的历史和现代感恩节，圣诞节◆Who was Janus? Did it have anything to do with January?Janus was the Roman god of beginnings and endings. The month January was named for Janus.◆How did the custom of the Tournament of Roses Parade get started?In 1890, some people living in sunny and warm Pasadena, California picked flowers from their g ardens and put them on their horses and buggies, and on New Year’s Day drove through their small town of Pasadena.◆What do the majority of Americans and New Yorker do on New Year’s Eve?It was a time to think back over the past year, and especially of your sins and failures. ◆How did April Fools’ Day develop into an international fun feast?The tradition eventually spread to England and Scotland in the eighteenth century, and it was late r introduced to the American colonies of both the England and French. ◆What do people usually do on April Fool’s Day? They play practical jokes on other people.◆What rules should we obey when we play tricks on April Fools’ Day?An April Fools’ joke must always be done in kindness, and only to a friend. It should be what is called “good clean fun.”◆Why is there such a symbol as the Easter Bunny?The symbol originated with the pagan festival of Easter. ◆Why is the egg used as the Easter symbol?Because from the earliest times, the egg was a symbol of rebirth in most cultures. ◆What do adults often do for Halloween?They take part in Halloween costume party at hotel or home. ◆What are American people supposed to do on Thank-giving Day?Americans give thanks to God for the grace and mercy He has granted, acknowledging His blessi ngs toward us throughout the year.◆What are the Four F’s concerning the modern Thanks-giving Day? Food, family, football and friends.◆What does it mean by a white Christmas?What we mean by a white Christmas is an old-fashioned Christmas or a traditional New England Christmas. There will be snow, and there will be a traditional white New England church. ◆Why do American people have a tree at Christmas?Because one thing that most homes in America have at Christmas time is a Christmas tree. ◆Why is it said that sports business is a big business in America?Sports games require clothing, supplies, equipments that can be quite costly experience, and some companies make big profits by advertising their products on TV, newspapers, magazines, etc.判断正误◆Americans’ casual wear and behavior in routine life best display their characteristic of informalit y. (T)◆You’d better not to ask people in the Western countries such questions as marriage ,status ,income ,relig ious belief ,or choice of voting ,etc. (T)◆The British do not expect or welcome bargaining because they consider it insensitive and offensiv e. (F)◆Americans do not expect you to show your courtesy in return, for they are understanding and enjo y welcoming you and feel pleased if you accept their friendship easily. (T)◆A host/hostess usually offers additional serving to the guests by passing the dish containing food from one person to another. (F)◆Americans’ preference to splitting the check fully indicates their stinginess. (F)◆The relationship of the individuals of the opposite sex may lead to casual acquaintance, a type of f riendship or a passionate involvement or even marriage. (T)◆Both of the boy (man) and the girl (woman) in American have the responsibility for the expenses o n the date. (F)◆You may miss smiles and brief conversations with people in the American cities where everyone a ppears in a hurry. (T)◆As Americans live in a mobile and ever-changing society in which people tend to avoid deep invol vements with others, they tend to have casual friendship. (T)◆When struggling for their status and wealth, Americans usually ignore the spiritual or human aspe ct of life. (F)◆Driving in the US entails not only mechanical manipulations of an automobile, but customary styl es of driving. (T)◆People of all classes in Britain prefer to go to pub, in which they will have great fun and free talk i n their private hours. (F)◆Restaurants on campus and on the outskirts of towns attract students, drivers and motorists becaus e they are convenient and serve large portion of good and filling food at low prices. (T) ◆The English people tend to underrate their own food and slight their cookery because their nationa l cuisine is simple and awful. (F)◆The English enthusiastic adoption of foreign food has enriched their cuisine, and they have almost made some foreign food national dishes. (T)◆The tradition of holding an “Open House” on New Year’s Day was brought into America by Dutch immigrants and the customs of dressing up in special co stumes for New Year’s Day parade and eating baked ham were brought by Swedish immigrants. (T) ◆The rules for the game of Easter Egg Roll are: a) To see who can roll an egg the longest time.b) To see who can make the egg roll without breaking in on a rough and windy road. (F)◆Americans’ interest in spectator sports seems really excessive and even obsessive to many foreig n visitors. (T)◆The American government is not allowed to operate a radio or TV station to reach American peopl e, because American people fear that the government might take the advantage of media to influen ce voters in elections. (T)词汇题◆ A person’s privacy is viewed as an individual territory or private property that no one can share without per mission in the US.◆“Avoiding excess at the dinner table” is viewed as “modesty”, which is the hallmark of the c ommon people in the Western world.◆In the United States, there is a widespread practice of making “small talk” in certain social situa tions. Small talk deals with various topics superficially, simple for the sake of keeping a conversati on going.◆Americans do not show visitors great quantity of special courtesy if doing so requires much of thei r time.◆In American, dating a variety of members of opposite sex does not indicate frivolity on part of a m an or promiscuity on part of a woman.◆City people in America always appear in a hurry and tend to be impatient if they are delayed even for a brief moment. They lead a fast paced life.◆The notable characteristics: Individualism, Informality, Casual Friendship, Time Consciousness, a nd Materialism best describe attitudes and practices that common among the American people. ◆On the arrival in the US, a foreign student should gain further information on local housing option s, and some knowledge of types of housing, rent, utilities, facilities, transit service, etc. before sign ing a contract.◆Traffic accidents in the US are usually considered to result from carelessness, or mechanical failur es, and not from “fate”, “God’s will”, or other forces beyond human control.◆A great number of colorful foreign words have been brought into the English language, and many foreign dishes have gradually been adopted and anglicized since the Great Britain’s colonial time.◆The Chinese woman found that eating American meals most troublesome. She could neither appre ciate the food prepared by the Americans nor understand Americans’ talk and laugh after the din ner.◆ A New Year’s resolution is a determination to yourself to improve in some way in the coming new year.◆Easter is now a festival less religious and people in the Western countries celebrate it just for fun a nd enjoy it with the Easter Symbols-Easter Bunny, Easter Egg, and Easter flowers.◆On Halloween night, people dress up in different costumes, wear masks, and yell “trick or treat!” at the doors of their neighbors’ houses.◆Sports and recreation absorb a huge amount of Americans’ emotion, as well as their time, and in some cases, money.◆Marking noise while eating is considered as ill-bred, and a person who does so may offend those who are having dinner with him/her.◆When invited to a dinner, you should not express your disapproval or dislike of certain foods. Eith er eat it or pass it over quietly. Eat it if you like and set it aside if you dislike it.◆When purchasing a car, it is advisable for the foreign student to be accompanied by an American who is familiar with the procedures involved, price ranges, and so forth.◆The most refined action of “please pass me the salt/pepper.” is not about the efficiency but requ ires the greatest number of steps to carry it out.◆President Nixon had to resign mainly because reporters for Washington Post newspaper revealed t hat the president had lied when he was asked about the Watergate burglary.。