Mechanics
mechanics 翻译
mechanics 翻译mechanics（名词）-力学，机械学1. 定义：力学是研究物体运动和力的学科，它涉及质点、刚体和变形体的行为以及与其相互作用的力。
2. 例句：- Mechanics is a branch of physics that deals with the motion of objects and the forces that act on them.（力学是物理学的一个分支，研究物体的运动以及作用于其上的力。
）- Classical mechanics is a fundamental theory that describes the motion of objects on a macroscopic scale.（经典力学是一种基本理论，描述宏观尺度上物体的运动。
）- Quantum mechanics is a branch of physics that deals with the behavior of particles on a microscopic scale.（量子力学是研究微观尺度上粒子行为的物理学分支。
）3. 用法：- applied mechanics（应用力学）：研究力学原理在工程和实际问题中的应用。
- fluid mechanics（流体力学）：研究液体和气体的运动以及与其相互作用的力。
- statics（静力学）：研究物体处于静止状态时的力学性质。
- dynamics（动力学）：研究物体在受到力作用下的运动行为。
- quantum mechanics（量子力学）：研究微观尺度上物质和能量的行为，基于量子理论的力学。
4. 相关词汇：- mechanic（名词）：机械师，修理工- mechanical（形容词）：机械的，力学的- mechanism（名词）：机制，机构- mechanize（动词）：使机械化请注意：以上翻译和解释仅供参考，具体使用时应根据上下文和需要进行确认。
材料力学的介绍(专业英语)
1.Introduction to Mechanics of Materials材料力学的介绍Mechanics of materials is a branch of applied mechanics that deals with the behavior of solid bodies subjected to various types of loading。
It is a field of study that is known by a variety of names，including “strength of materials”and “mechanics of deformable bodies。
" The solid bodies considered in this book include axially-loaded bars，shafts，beams, and columns, as well as structures that are assemblies of these components。
Usually the objective of our analysis will be the determination of the stresses, strains, and deformations produced by the loads；if these quantities can be found for all values of load up to the failure load, then we will have obtained a complete picture of the mechanical behavior of the body.材料力学是应用力学的一个分支,用来处理固体在不同荷载作用下所产生的反应.这个研究领域包含多种名称，如：“材料强度"，“变形固体力学".本书中研究的固体包括受轴向载荷的杆,轴，梁,圆柱及由这些构件组成的结构.一般情况下，研究的目的是测定由荷载引起的应力、应变和变形物理量；当所承受的荷载达到破坏载荷时，可测得这些物理量，画出完整的固体力学性能图。
机械师的英语 -回复
机械师的英语 -回复Mechanic的英文翻译是"mechanic"，它可以指机械师或修理工。
以下是26个双语句子的例子：1.我哥哥是一名机械师。
My brother is a mechanic.2.这个机械师正在修理汽车。
The mechanic is repairing the car.3.他们需要一位有经验的机械师来修理这台机器。
They need an experienced mechanic to fix this machine.4.机械师需要具备技术和创新能力。
Mechanics need both technical and innovative skills.5.这家汽车修理厂雇了几名机械师。
The car repair shop has hired several mechanics.6.机械师正在检查发动机的问题。
The mechanic is inspecting the engine for issues.7.他正在参加一所技术学校学习如何成为机械师。
He is attending a technical school to learn how to becomea mechanic.8.这个机械师知道如何安装和维修机械设备。
This mechanic knows how to install and repair mechanical equipment.9.机械师应该具备良好的沟通能力。
Mechanics should have good communication skills.10.你可以在当地汽修店找到一些合格的机械师。
You can find some qualified mechanics at the local car repair shop.11.许多机械师喜欢挑战性的工作。
Many mechanics enjoy challenging work.12.这位机械师在修理问题时非常细心。
力学通类名词力学mechanics牛顿力学Newtonianmechanics经典力学
力学通类名词力学 mechanics牛顿力学 Newtonian mechanics经典力学 classical mechanics静力学 statics运动学 kinematics动力学 dynamics动理学 kinetics宏观力学 macroscopic mechanics,macromechanics 细观力学 mesomechanics微观力学 microscopic mechanics,micromechanics 一般力学 general mechanics固体力学 solid mechanics流体力学 fluid mechanics理论力学 theoretical mechanics应用力学 applied mechanics工程力学 engineering mechanics实验力学 experimental mechanics计算力学 computational mechanics理性力学 rational mechanics物理力学 physical mechanics地球动力学 geodynamics力 force作用点 point of action作用线 line of action力系 system of forces力系的简化 reduction of force system 等效力系 equivalent force system刚体 rigid body力的可传性 transmissibility of force 平行四边形定则 parallelogram rule力三角形 force triangle力多边形 force polygon零力系 null-force system平衡 equilibrium力的平衡 equilibrium of forces平衡条件 equilibrium condition平衡位置 equilibrium position平衡态 equilibrium state分析力学 analytical mechanics拉格朗日乘子 Lagrange multiplier拉格朗日[量] Lagrangian拉格朗日括号 Lagrange bracket循环坐标 cyclic coordinate循环积分 cyclic integral哈密顿[量] Hamiltonian哈密顿函数 Hamiltonian function正则方程 canonical equation正则摄动 canonical perturbation正则变换 canonical transformation正则变量 canonical variable哈密顿原理 Hamilton principle作用量积分 action integral哈密顿--雅可比方程 Hamilton-Jacobi equation 作用--角度变量 action-angle variables阿佩尔方程 Appell equation劳斯方程 Routh equation拉格朗日函数 Lagrangian function诺特定理 Noether theorem泊松括号 poisson bracket边界积分法 boundary integral method并矢 dyad运动稳定性 stability of motion轨道稳定性 orbital stability李雅普诺夫函数 Lyapunov function渐近稳定性 asymptotic stability结构稳定性 structural stability久期不稳定性 secular instability弗洛凯定理 Floquet theorem倾覆力矩 capsizing moment自由振动 free vibration固有振动 natural vibration暂态 transient state环境振动 ambient vibration反共振 anti-resonance衰减 attenuation库仑阻尼 Coulomb damping同相分量 in-phase component非同相分量 out-of-phase component超调量 overshoot参量[激励]振动 parametric vibration模糊振动 fuzzy vibration临界转速 critical speed of rotation阻尼器 damper半峰宽度 half-peak width集总参量系统 lumped parameter system相平面法 phase plane method相轨迹 phase trajectory等倾线法 isocline method跳跃现象 jump phenomenon负阻尼 negative damping达芬方程 Duffing equation希尔方程 Hill equationKBM方法 KBM method, Krylov-Bogoliu-bov-Mitropol'skii method 马蒂厄方程 Mathieu equation平均法 averaging method组合音调 combination tone解谐 detuning耗散函数 dissipative function硬激励 hard excitation硬弹簧 hard spring, hardening spring谐波平衡法 harmonic balance method久期项 secular term自激振动 self-excited vibration分界线 separatrix亚谐波 subharmonic软弹簧 soft spring ,softening spring软激励 soft excitation邓克利公式 Dunkerley formula瑞利定理 Rayleigh theorem分布参量系统 distributed parameter system 优势频率 dominant frequency模态分析 modal analysis固有模态 natural mode of vibration同步 synchronization超谐波 ultraharmonic范德波尔方程 van der pol equation频谱 frequency spectrum基频 fundamental frequencyWKB方法 WKB method, Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin method 缓冲器 buffer风激振动 aeolian vibration嗡鸣 buzz倒谱 cepstrum颤动 chatter蛇行 hunting阻抗匹配 impedance matching机械导纳 mechanical admittance机械效率 mechanical efficiency机械阻抗 mechanical impedance随机振动 stochastic vibration, random vibration隔振 vibration isolation减振 vibration reduction应力过冲 stress overshoot喘振 surge摆振 shimmy起伏运动 phugoid motion起伏振荡 phugoid oscillation驰振 galloping陀螺动力学 gyrodynamics陀螺摆 gyropendulum陀螺平台 gyroplatform陀螺力矩 gyroscoopic torque陀螺稳定器 gyrostabilizer陀螺体 gyrostat惯性导航 inertial guidance姿态角 attitude angle方位角 azimuthal angle舒勒周期 Schuler period机器人动力学 robot dynamics多体系统 multibody system多刚体系统 multi-rigid-body system机动性 maneuverability凯恩方法 Kane method转子[系统]动力学 rotor dynamics转子[一支承一基础]系统 rotor-support-foundation system 静平衡 static balancing动平衡 dynamic balancing静不平衡 static unbalance动不平衡 dynamic unbalance现场平衡 field balancing不平衡 unbalance不平衡量 unbalance互耦力 cross force挠性转子 flexible rotor分频进动 fractional frequency precession半频进动 half frequency precession油膜振荡 oil whip转子临界转速 rotor critical speed自动定心 self-alignment亚临界转速 subcritical speed涡动 whirl连续过程 continuous process碰撞截面 collision cross section通用气体常数 conventional gas constant 燃烧不稳定性 combustion instability稀释度 dilution完全离解 complete dissociation火焰传播 flame propagation组份 constituent碰撞反应速率 collision reaction rate 燃烧理论 combustion theory浓度梯度 concentration gradient阴极腐蚀 cathodic corrosion火焰速度 flame speed火焰驻定 flame stabilization火焰结构 flame structure着火 ignition湍流火焰 turbulent flame层流火焰 laminar flame燃烧带 burning zone渗流 flow in porous media, seepage达西定律 Darcy law赫尔-肖流 Hele-Shaw flow毛[细]管流 capillary flow过滤 filtration爪进 fingering不互溶驱替 immiscible displacement不互溶流体 immiscible fluid互溶驱替 miscible displacement互溶流体 miscible fluid迁移率 mobility流度比 mobility ratio渗透率 permeability孔隙度 porosity多孔介质 porous medium比面 specific surface迂曲度 tortuosity空隙 void空隙分数 void fraction注水 water flooding可湿性 wettability地球物理流体动力学 geophysical fluid dynamics 物理海洋学 physical oceanography大气环流 atmospheric circulation海洋环流 ocean circulation海洋流 ocean current旋转流 rotating flow平流 advection埃克曼流 Ekman flow埃克曼边界层 Ekman boundary layer大气边界层 atmospheric boundary layer大气-海洋相互作用 atmosphere-ocean interaction 埃克曼数 Ekman number罗斯贝数 Rossby unmber罗斯贝波 Rossby wave斜压性 baroclinicity正压性 barotropy内磨擦 internal friction海洋波 ocean wave盐度 salinity环境流体力学 environmental fluid mechanics斯托克斯流 Stokes flow羽流 plume理查森数 Richardson number污染源 pollutant source污染物扩散 pollutant diffusion噪声 noise噪声级 noise level噪声污染 noise pollution排放物 effulent工业流体力学 industrical fluid mechanics流控技术 fluidics轴向流 axial flow并向流 co-current flow对向流 counter current flow横向流 cross flow螺旋流 spiral flow旋拧流 swirling flow滞后流 after flow混合层 mixing layer抖振 buffeting风压 wind pressure附壁效应 wall attachment effect, Coanda effect简约频率 reduced frequency爆炸力学 mechanics of explosion终点弹道学 terminal ballistics动态超高压技术 dynamic ultrahigh pressure technique 流体弹塑性体 hydro-elastoplastic medium热塑不稳定性 thermoplastic instability空中爆炸 explosion in air地下爆炸 underground explosion水下爆炸 underwater explosion电爆炸 discharge-induced explosion激光爆炸 laser-induced explosion核爆炸 nuclear explosion点爆炸 point-source explosion殉爆 sympathatic detonation强爆炸 intense explosion粒子束爆炸 explosion by beam radiation 聚爆 implosion起爆 initiation of explosion爆破 blasting霍普金森杆 Hopkinson bar电炮 electric gun电磁炮 electromagnetic gun爆炸洞 explosion chamber轻气炮 light gas gun马赫反射 Mach reflection基浪 base surge成坑 cratering能量沉积 energy deposition爆心 explosion center爆炸当量 explosion equivalent火球 fire ball爆高 height of burst蘑菇云 mushroom侵彻 penetration规则反射 regular reflection崩落 spallation应变率史 strain rate history流变学 rheology聚合物减阻 drag reduction by polymers挤出[物]胀大 extrusion swell, die swell 无管虹吸 tubeless siphon剪胀效应 dilatancy effect孔压[误差]效应 hole-pressure[error]effect 剪切致稠 shear thickening剪切致稀 shear thinning触变性 thixotropy反触变性 anti-thixotropy超塑性 superplasticity粘弹塑性材料 viscoelasto-plastic material 滞弹性材料 anelastic material本构关系 constitutive relation麦克斯韦模型 Maxwell model沃伊特-开尔文模型 Voigt-Kelvin model宾厄姆模型 Bingham model奥伊洛特模型 Oldroyd model幂律模型 power law model应力松驰 stress relaxation应变史 strain history应力史 stress history记忆函数 memory function衰退记忆 fading memory应力增长 stress growing粘度函数 voscosity function相对粘度 relative viscosity复态粘度 complex viscosity拉伸粘度 elongational viscosity拉伸流动 elongational flow第一法向应力差 first normal-stress difference 第二法向应力差 second normal-stress difference 德博拉数 Deborah number魏森贝格数 Weissenberg number动态模量 dynamic modulus振荡剪切流 oscillatory shear flow宇宙气体动力学 cosmic gas dynamics等离[子]体动力学 plasma dynamics电离气体 ionized gas行星边界层 planetary boundary layer阿尔文波 Alfven wave泊肃叶-哈特曼流] Poiseuille-Hartman flow哈特曼数 Hartman number生物流变学 biorheology生物流体 biofluid生物屈服点 bioyield point生物屈服应力 bioyield stress电气体力学 electro-gas dynamics铁流体力学 ferro-hydrodynamics血液流变学 hemorheology, blood rheology血液动力学 hemodynamics磁流体力学 magneto fluid mechanics磁流体动力学 magnetohydrodynamics, MHD磁流体动力波 magnetohydrodynamic wave磁流体流 magnetohydrodynamic flow磁流体动力稳定性 magnetohydrodynamic stability 生物力学 biomechanics生物流体力学 biological fluid mechanics生物固体力学 biological solid mechanics宾厄姆塑性流 Bingham plastic flow开尔文体 Kelvin body沃伊特体 Voigt body可贴变形 applicable deformation可贴曲面 applicable surface边界润滑 boundary lubrication液膜润滑 fluid film lubrication向心收缩功 concentric work离心收缩功 eccentric work关节反作用力 joint reaction force微循环力学 microcyclic mechanics微纤维 microfibril渗透性 permeability生理横截面积 physiological cross-sectional area 农业生物力学 agrobiomechanics纤维度 fibrousness硬皮度 rustiness胶粘度 gumminess粘稠度 stickiness嫩度 tenderness渗透流 osmotic flow易位流 translocation flow蒸腾流 transpirational flow过滤阻力 filtration resistance压扁 wafering风雪流 snow-driving wind停滞堆积 accretion遇阻堆积 encroachment沙漠地面 desert floor流沙固定 fixation of shifting sand流动阈值 fluid threshold固体力学弹性力学 elasticity弹性理论 theory of elasticity均匀应力状态 homogeneous state of stress应力不变量 stress invariant应变不变量 strain invariant应变椭球 strain ellipsoid均匀应变状态 homogeneous state of strain应变协调方程 equation of strain compatibility拉梅常量 Lame constants各向同性弹性 isotropic elasticity旋转圆盘 rotating circular disk楔 wedge开尔文问题 Kelvin problem布西内斯克问题 Boussinesq problem艾里应力函数 Airy stress function克罗索夫--穆斯赫利什维利法 Kolosoff-Muskhelishvili method 基尔霍夫假设 Kirchhoff hypothesis板 Plate矩形板 Rectangular plate圆板 Circular plate环板 Annular plate波纹板 Corrugated plate加劲板 Stiffened plate,reinforced Plate中厚板 Plate of moderate thickness弯[曲]应力函数 Stress function of bending 壳 Shell扁壳 Shallow shell旋转壳 Revolutionary shell球壳 Spherical shell[圆]柱壳 Cylindrical shell锥壳 Conical shell环壳 Toroidal shell封闭壳 Closed shell波纹壳 Corrugated shell扭[转]应力函数 Stress function of torsion 翘曲函数 Warping function半逆解法 semi-inverse method瑞利--里茨法 Rayleigh-Ritz method松弛法 Relaxation method莱维法 Levy method松弛 Relaxation量纲分析 Dimensional analysis自相似[性] self-similarity影响面 Influence surface接触应力 Contact stress赫兹理论 Hertz theory协调接触 Conforming contact滑动接触 Sliding contact滚动接触 Rolling contact压入 Indentation各向异性弹性 Anisotropic elasticity颗粒材料 Granular material散体力学 Mechanics of granular media热弹性 Thermoelasticity超弹性 Hyperelasticity粘弹性 Viscoelasticity对应原理 Correspondence principle褶皱 Wrinkle塑性全量理论 Total theory of plasticity 滑动 Sliding微滑 Microslip粗糙度 Roughness非线性弹性 Nonlinear elasticity大挠度 Large deflection突弹跳变 snap-through有限变形 Finite deformation格林应变 Green strain阿尔曼西应变 Almansi strain弹性动力学 Dynamic elasticity运动方程 Equation of motion准静态的 Quasi-static气动弹性 Aeroelasticity水弹性 Hydroelasticity颤振 Flutter弹性波 Elastic wave简单波 Simple wave柱面波 Cylindrical wave水平剪切波 Horizontal shear wave竖直剪切波 Vertical shear wave体波 body wave无旋波 Irrotational wave畸变波 Distortion wave膨胀波 Dilatation wave瑞利波 Rayleigh wave等容波 Equivoluminal wave勒夫波 Love wave界面波 Interfacial wave边缘效应 edge effect塑性力学 Plasticity可成形性 Formability金属成形 Metal forming耐撞性 Crashworthiness结构抗撞毁性 Structural crashworthiness 拉拔 Drawing破坏机构 Collapse mechanism回弹 Springback挤压 Extrusion冲压 Stamping穿透 Perforation层裂 Spalling塑性理论 Theory of plasticity安定[性]理论 Shake-down theory运动安定定理 kinematic shake-down theorem 静力安定定理 Static shake-down theorem率相关理论 rate dependent theorem载荷因子 load factor加载准则 Loading criterion加载函数 Loading function加载面 Loading surface塑性加载 Plastic loading塑性加载波 Plastic loading wave简单加载 Simple loading比例加载 Proportional loading卸载 Unloading卸载波 Unloading wave冲击载荷 Impulsive load阶跃载荷 step load脉冲载荷 pulse load极限载荷 limit load中性变载 nentral loading拉抻失稳 instability in tension加速度波 acceleration wave本构方程 constitutive equation完全解 complete solution名义应力 nominal stress过应力 over-stress真应力 true stress等效应力 equivalent stress流动应力 flow stress应力间断 stress discontinuity应力空间 stress space主应力空间 principal stress space静水应力状态 hydrostatic state of stress 对数应变 logarithmic strain工程应变 engineering strain等效应变 equivalent strain应变局部化 strain localization应变率 strain rate应变率敏感性 strain rate sensitivity应变空间 strain space有限应变 finite strain塑性应变增量 plastic strain increment累积塑性应变 accumulated plastic strain 永久变形 permanent deformation内变量 internal variable应变软化 strain-softening理想刚塑性材料 rigid-perfectly plastic Material 刚塑性材料 rigid-plastic material理想塑性材料 perfectl plastic material材料稳定性 stability of material应变偏张量 deviatoric tensor of strain应力偏张量 deviatori tensor of stress应变球张量 spherical tensor of strain应力球张量 spherical tensor of stress路径相关性 path-dependency线性强化 linear strain-hardening应变强化 strain-hardening随动强化 kinematic hardening各向同性强化 isotropic hardening强化模量 strain-hardening modulus幂强化 power hardening塑性极限弯矩 plastic limit bending Moment塑性极限扭矩 plastic limit torque弹塑性弯曲 elastic-plastic bending弹塑性交界面 elastic-plastic interface弹塑性扭转 elastic-plastic torsion粘塑性 Viscoplasticity非弹性 Inelasticity理想弹塑性材料 elastic-perfectly plastic Material 极限分析 limit analysis极限设计 limit design极限面 limit surface上限定理 upper bound theorem上屈服点 upper yield point下限定理 lower bound theorem下屈服点 lower yield point界限定理 bound theorem初始屈服面 initial yield surface后继屈服面 subsequent yield surface屈服面[的]外凸性 convexity of yield surface截面形状因子 shape factor of cross-section沙堆比拟 sand heap analogy屈服 Yield屈服条件 yield condition屈服准则 yield criterion屈服函数 yield function屈服面 yield surface塑性势 plastic potential能量吸收装置 energy absorbing device能量耗散率 energy absorbing device塑性动力学 dynamic plasticity塑性动力屈曲 dynamic plastic buckling塑性动力响应 dynamic plastic response塑性波 plastic wave运动容许场 kinematically admissible Field静力容许场 statically admissible Field流动法则 flow rule速度间断 velocity discontinuity滑移线 slip-lines滑移线场 slip-lines field移行塑性铰 travelling plastic hinge塑性增量理论 incremental theory of Plasticity米泽斯屈服准则 Mises yield criterion普朗特--罗伊斯关系 prandtl- Reuss relation特雷斯卡屈服准则 Tresca yield criterion洛德应力参数 Lode stress parameter莱维--米泽斯关系 Levy-Mises relation亨基应力方程 Hencky stress equation赫艾--韦斯特加德应力空间 Haigh-Westergaard stress space 洛德应变参数 Lode strain parameter德鲁克公设 Drucker postulate盖林格速度方程 Geiringer velocity Equation结构力学 structural mechanics结构分析 structural analysis结构动力学 structural dynamics拱 Arch三铰拱 three-hinged arch抛物线拱 parabolic arch圆拱 circular arch穹顶 Dome空间结构 space structure空间桁架 space truss雪载[荷] snow load风载[荷] wind load土压力 earth pressure地震载荷 earthquake loading弹簧支座 spring support支座位移 support displacement支座沉降 support settlement超静定次数 degree of indeterminacy 机动分析 kinematic analysis结点法 method of joints截面法 method of sections结点力 joint forces共轭位移 conjugate displacement影响线 influence line三弯矩方程 three-moment equation 单位虚力 unit virtual force刚度系数 stiffness coefficient柔度系数 flexibility coefficient力矩分配 moment distribution力矩分配法 moment distribution method力矩再分配 moment redistribution分配系数 distribution factor矩阵位移法 matri displacement method单元刚度矩阵 element stiffness matrix单元应变矩阵 element strain matrix总体坐标 global coordinates贝蒂定理 Betti theorem高斯--若尔当消去法 Gauss-Jordan elimination Method 屈曲模态 buckling mode复合材料力学 mechanics of composites复合材料 composite material纤维复合材料 fibrous composite单向复合材料 unidirectional composite泡沫复合材料 foamed composite颗粒复合材料 particulate composite层板 Laminate夹层板 sandwich panel正交层板 cross-ply laminate斜交层板 angle-ply laminate层片 Ply多胞固体 cellular solid膨胀 Expansion压实 Debulk劣化 Degradation脱层 Delamination脱粘 Debond纤维应力 fiber stress层应力 ply stress层应变 ply strain层间应力 interlaminar stress比强度 specific strength强度折减系数 strength reduction factor 强度应力比 strength -stress ratio横向剪切模量 transverse shear modulus 横观各向同性 transverse isotropy正交各向异 Orthotropy剪滞分析 shear lag analysis短纤维 chopped fiber长纤维 continuous fiber纤维方向 fiber direction纤维断裂 fiber break纤维拔脱 fiber pull-out纤维增强 fiber reinforcement致密化 Densification最小重量设计 optimum weight design网格分析法 netting analysis混合律 rule of mixture失效准则 failure criterion蔡--吴失效准则 Tsai-W u failure criterion达格代尔模型 Dugdale model断裂力学 fracture mechanics概率断裂力学 probabilistic fracture Mechanics格里菲思理论 Griffith theory线弹性断裂力学 linear elastic fracture mechanics, LEFM 弹塑性断裂力学 elastic-plastic fracture mecha-nics, EPFM 断裂 Fracture脆性断裂 brittle fracture解理断裂 cleavage fracture蠕变断裂 creep fracture延性断裂 ductile fracture晶间断裂 inter-granular fracture准解理断裂 quasi-cleavage fracture穿晶断裂 trans-granular fracture裂纹 Crack裂缝 Flaw缺陷 Defect割缝 Slit微裂纹 Microcrack折裂 Kink椭圆裂纹 elliptical crack深埋裂纹 embedded crack[钱]币状裂纹 penny-shape crack预制裂纹 Precrack短裂纹 short crack表面裂纹 surface crack裂纹钝化 crack blunting裂纹分叉 crack branching裂纹闭合 crack closure裂纹前缘 crack front裂纹嘴 crack mouth裂纹张开角 crack opening angle,COA裂纹张开位移 crack opening displacement, COD裂纹阻力 crack resistance裂纹面 crack surface裂纹尖端 crack tip裂尖张角 crack tip opening angle, CTOA裂尖张开位移 crack tip opening displacement, CTOD 裂尖奇异场 crack tip singularity Field裂纹扩展速率 crack growth rate稳定裂纹扩展 stable crack growth定常裂纹扩展 steady crack growth亚临界裂纹扩展 subcritical crack growth裂纹[扩展]减速 crack retardation止裂 crack arrest止裂韧度 arrest toughness断裂类型 fracture mode滑开型 sliding mode张开型 opening mode撕开型 tearing mode复合型 mixed mode撕裂 Tearing撕裂模量 tearing modulus断裂准则 fracture criterionJ积分 J-integralJ阻力曲线 J-resistance curve断裂韧度 fracture toughness应力强度因子 stress intensity factorHRR场 Hutchinson-Rice-Rosengren Field守恒积分 conservation integral有效应力张量 effective stress tensor应变能密度 strain energy density能量释放率 energy release rate内聚区 cohesive zone塑性区 plastic zone张拉区 stretched zone热影响区 heat affected zone, HAZ延脆转变温度 brittle-ductile transition temperature 剪切带 shear band剪切唇 shear lip无损检测 non-destructive inspection双边缺口试件 double edge notched specimen, DEN specimen单边缺口试件 single edge notched specimen, SEN specimen三点弯曲试件 three point bending specimen, TPB specimen中心裂纹拉伸试件 center cracked tension specimen, CCT specimen 中心裂纹板试件 center cracked panel specimen, CCP specimen紧凑拉伸试件 compact tension specimen, CT specimen大范围屈服 large scale yielding小范围攻屈服 small scale yielding韦布尔分布 Weibull distribution帕里斯公式 paris formula空穴化 Cavitation应力腐蚀 stress corrosion概率风险判定 probabilistic risk assessment, PRA损伤力学 damage mechanics损伤 Damage连续介质损伤力学 continuum damage mechanics细观损伤力学 microscopic damage mechanics累积损伤 accumulated damage脆性损伤 brittle damage延性损伤 ductile damage宏观损伤 macroscopic damage细观损伤 microscopic damage微观损伤 microscopic damage损伤准则 damage criterion损伤演化方程 damage evolution equation 损伤软化 damage softening损伤强化 damage strengthening损伤张量 damage tensor损伤阈值 damage threshold损伤变量 damage variable损伤矢量 damage vector损伤区 damage zone疲劳 Fatigue低周疲劳 low cycle fatigue应力疲劳 stress fatigue随机疲劳 random fatigue蠕变疲劳 creep fatigue腐蚀疲劳 corrosion fatigue疲劳损伤 fatigue damage疲劳失效 fatigue failure疲劳断裂 fatigue fracture疲劳裂纹 fatigue crack疲劳寿命 fatigue life疲劳破坏 fatigue rupture疲劳强度 fatigue strength疲劳辉纹 fatigue striations疲劳阈值 fatigue threshold交变载荷 alternating load交变应力 alternating stress应力幅值 stress amplitude应变疲劳 strain fatigue应力循环 stress cycle应力比 stress ratio安全寿命 safe life过载效应 overloading effect循环硬化 cyclic hardening循环软化 cyclic softening环境效应 environmental effect裂纹片 crack gage裂纹扩展 crack growth, crack Propagation 裂纹萌生 crack initiation循环比 cycle ratio实验应力分析 experimental stress Analysis 工作[应变]片 active[strain] gage基底材料 backing material应力计 stress gage零[点]飘移 zero shift, zero drift应变测量 strain measurement应变计 strain gage应变指示器 strain indicator应变花 strain rosette应变灵敏度 strain sensitivity机械式应变仪 mechanical strain gage直角应变花 rectangular rosette引伸仪 Extensometer应变遥测 telemetering of strain横向灵敏系数 transverse gage factor横向灵敏度 transverse sensitivity焊接式应变计 weldable strain gage平衡电桥 balanced bridge粘贴式应变计 bonded strain gage粘贴箔式应变计 bonded foiled gage粘贴丝式应变计 bonded wire gage桥路平衡 bridge balancing电容应变计 capacitance strain gage补偿片 compensation technique补偿技术 compensation technique基准电桥 reference bridge电阻应变计 resistance strain gage温度自补偿应变计 self-temperature compensating gage 半导体应变计 semiconductor strain Gage集流器 slip ring应变放大镜 strain amplifier疲劳寿命计 fatigue life gage电感应变计 inductance [strain] gage光[测]力学 Photomechanics光弹性 Photoelasticity光塑性 Photoplasticity杨氏条纹 Young fringe双折射效应 birefrigent effect等位移线 contour of equal Displacement暗条纹 dark fringe条纹倍增 fringe multiplication干涉条纹 interference fringe等差线 Isochromatic等倾线 Isoclinic等和线 isopachic应力光学定律 stress- optic law主应力迹线 Isostatic亮条纹 light fringe光程差 optical path difference热光弹性 photo-thermo -elasticity光弹性贴片法 photoelastic coating Method 光弹性夹片法 photoelastic sandwich Method 动态光弹性 dynamic photo-elasticity空间滤波 spatial filtering空间频率 spatial frequency起偏镜 Polarizer反射式光弹性仪 reflection polariscope残余双折射效应 residual birefringent Effect应变条纹值 strain fringe value应变光学灵敏度 strain-optic sensitivity应力冻结效应 stress freezing effect应力条纹值 stress fringe value应力光图 stress-optic pattern暂时双折射效应 temporary birefringent Effect脉冲全息法 pulsed holography透射式光弹性仪 transmission polariscope实时全息干涉法 real-time holographic interferometry网格法 grid method全息光弹性法 holo-photoelasticity全息图 Hologram全息照相 Holograph全息干涉法 holographic interferometry全息云纹法 holographic moire technique全息术 Holography全场分析法 whole-field analysis散斑干涉法 speckle interferometry散斑 Speckle错位散斑干涉法 speckle-shearing interferometry, shearography 散斑图 Specklegram白光散斑法 white-light speckle method云纹干涉法 moire interferometry[叠栅]云纹 moire fringe[叠栅]云纹法 moire method云纹图 moire pattern离面云纹法 off-plane moire method参考栅 reference grating试件栅 specimen grating分析栅 analyzer grating面内云纹法 in-plane moire method脆性涂层法 brittle-coating method条带法 strip coating method坐标变换 transformation of Coordinates计算结构力学 computational structural mechanics 加权残量法 weighted residual method有限差分法 finite difference method有限[单]元法 finite element method配点法 point collocation里茨法 Ritz method广义变分原理 generalized variational Principle 最小二乘法 least square method胡[海昌]一鹫津原理 Hu-Washizu principle赫林格-赖斯纳原理 Hellinger-Reissner Principle 修正变分原理 modified variational Principle约束变分原理 constrained variational Principle混合法 mixed method杂交法 hybrid method边界解法 boundary solution method有限条法 finite strip method半解析法 semi-analytical method协调元 conforming element非协调元 non-conforming element混合元 mixed element杂交元 hybrid element边界元 boundary element强迫边界条件 forced boundary condition 自然边界条件 natural boundary condition 离散化 Discretization离散系统 discrete system连续问题 continuous problem广义位移 generalized displacement广义载荷 generalized load广义应变 generalized strain广义应力 generalized stress界面变量 interface variable节点 node, nodal point[单]元 Element角节点 corner node边节点 mid-side node内节点 internal node无节点变量 nodeless variable杆元 bar element桁架杆元 truss element梁元 beam element二维元 two-dimensional element一维元 one-dimensional element三维元 three-dimensional element轴对称元 axisymmetric element板元 plate element壳元 shell element厚板元 thick plate element三角形元 triangular element四边形元 quadrilateral element四面体元 tetrahedral element曲线元 curved element二次元 quadratic element线性元 linear element三次元 cubic element四次元 quartic element等参[数]元 isoparametric element超参数元 super-parametric element亚参数元 sub-parametric element节点数可变元 variable-number-node element拉格朗日元 Lagrange element拉格朗日族 Lagrange family巧凑边点元 serendipity element巧凑边点族 serendipity family无限元 infinite element单元分析 element analysis单元特性 element characteristics刚度矩阵 stiffness matrix几何矩阵 geometric matrix等效节点力 equivalent nodal force节点位移 nodal displacement节点载荷 nodal load位移矢量 displacement vector载荷矢量 load vector质量矩阵 mass matrix集总质量矩阵 lumped mass matrix相容质量矩阵 consistent mass matrix阻尼矩阵 damping matrix瑞利阻尼 Rayleigh damping刚度矩阵的组集 assembly of stiffness Matrices 载荷矢量的组集 consistent mass matrix质量矩阵的组集 assembly of mass matrices单元的组集 assembly of elements局部坐标系 local coordinate system局部坐标 local coordinate面积坐标 area coordinates体积坐标 volume coordinates曲线坐标 curvilinear coordinates静凝聚 static condensation合同变换 contragradient transformation 形状函数 shape function试探函数 trial function检验函数 test function权函数 weight function样条函数 spline function代用函数 substitute function降阶积分 reduced integration零能模式 zero-energy modeP收敛 p-convergenceH收敛 h-convergence掺混插值 blended interpolation等参数映射 isoparametric mapping双线性插值 bilinear interpolation小块检验 patch test非协调模式 incompatible mode节点号 node number单元号 element number带宽 band width带状矩阵 banded matrix变带状矩阵 profile matrix带宽最小化 minimization of band width波前法 frontal method子空间迭代法 subspace iteration method 行列式搜索法 determinant search method 逐步法 step-by-step method纽马克法 Newmark威尔逊法 Wilson拟牛顿法 quasi-Newton method牛顿-拉弗森法 Newton-Raphson method增量法 incremental method初应变 initial strain初应力 initial stress切线刚度矩阵 tangent stiffness matrix割线刚度矩阵 secant stiffness matrix模态叠加法 mode superposition method平衡迭代 equilibrium iteration子结构 Substructure子结构法 substructure technique超单元 super-element网格生成 mesh generation结构分析程序 structural analysis program 前处理 pre-processing后处理 post-processing网格细化 mesh refinement应力光顺 stress smoothing组合结构 composite structure流体力学流体动力学 fluid dynamics连续介质力学 mechanics of continuous media介质 medium流体质点 fluid particle无粘性流体 nonviscous fluid, inviscid fluid连续介质假设 continuous medium hypothesis流体运动学 fluid kinematics水静力学 hydrostatics液体静力学 hydrostatics支配方程 governing equation伯努利方程 Bernoulli equation伯努利定理 Bernonlli theorem毕奥-萨伐尔定律 Biot-Savart law欧拉方程 Euler equation亥姆霍兹定理 Helmholtz theorem开尔文定理 Kelvin theorem涡片 vortex sheet库塔-茹可夫斯基条件 Kutta-Zhoukowski condition布拉休斯解 Blasius solution达朗贝尔佯廖 d'Alembert paradox 雷诺数 Reynolds number施特鲁哈尔数 Strouhal number随体导数 material derivative不可压缩流体 incompressible fluid 质量守恒 conservation of mass动量守恒 conservation of momentum 能量守恒 conservation of energy 动量方程 momentum equation能量方程 energy equation控制体积 control volume液体静压 hydrostatic pressure涡量拟能 enstrophy压差 differential pressure流[动] flow流线 stream line流面 stream surface流管 stream tube迹线 path, path line流场 flow field流态 flow regime流动参量 flow parameter流量 flow rate, flow discharge。
关于机械师的英语作文高中
The Craftsmanship of Mechanics: A HighSchool PerspectiveIn the realm of precision and intricate design, mechanics stand as the guardians of functionality and durability. Their skills are honed through years of practice, turning ordinary machines into works of art that perform with the utmost precision. As a high school student fascinated by the mechanics world, I find the professionnot only fascinating but also crucial to our modern society. Mechanics are the unsung heroes of our industrialized world. They are the ones who keep our machines running,from the smallest clockwork to the largest industrial robots. Their knowledge of mechanics, hydraulics, pneumatics, and electronics is vast, encompassing the principles of physics, chemistry, and mathematics. It isthis comprehensive understanding that allows them to diagnose problems, make repairs, and even innovate new designs.What吸引s me most about mechanics is their ability to turn complex issues into simple solutions. Whether it's a broken car engine or a malfunctioning robot arm, mechanicscan dismantle the problem, identify the root cause, and fix it with precision. This process requires patience, dedication, and a keen eye for detail. Mechanics must be willing to spend hours upon hours studying schematics, understanding the working principles of machines, and practicing their craft.Moreover, mechanics are constantly learning. As technology advances, so do the machines and equipment they work on. This means mechanics must stay up-to-date with the latest trends and technologies, adapting their skills tofit the new norm. This adaptability is crucial in a fast-paced world where change is the only constant.In conclusion, mechanics are not just repairmen; they are the custodians of our industrial heritage and the architects of our future. Their dedication, precision, and continuous learning make them a vital part of our society. As a high school student, I aspire to emulate their craftsmanship, to become not just a mechanic but a creator of machines that will shape our world.**机械师的工艺：高中生的视角**在精密和复杂设计的领域中，机械师是功能性和耐用性的守护者。
从mechanics词义的转变看近代早期的机械论
力学含义从古希腊到近代早期的演变张卜天1摘要：“力学”一词的含义从古至今发生了重大转变，但很少有人注意到这一点。
本文详细讨论了“力学”含义的历史演变：它在古希腊是一门研究机械的学科，实现的是似乎违背自然的结果；到中世纪体现为所谓的“机械技艺”；到文艺复兴时期提升为一门介于数学与自然哲学之间的“中间科学”，自然物与人工物的界限被打破，力学与物理学的界限被模糊；到近代最终发展成一门研究运动的学科，与物理学合为一体。
关键词：力学中间科学机械自然运动自然哲学提起“力学”（mechanics），我们马上会想起以“牛顿力学”为代表的经典物理学或以“量子力学”为代表的现代物理学。
力学是物理学的基础，有时甚至等同于物理学，比如当我们说到牛顿力学时，几乎就等于说牛顿物理学。
然而，牛顿的名著《自然哲学的数学原理》中几乎没有怎么提到mechanics这个词。
“力学”最初研究的是以机械为代表的非自然物，这种原始含义仍然保持在“机械论哲学”（mechanical philosophy）、“机制”或“机械论”（mechanism）等派生术语的中文翻译中。
某种意义上，它与物理学[指研究自然物的理论科学]甚至截然对立，与“力”更是没有直接关系。
[这种误解当然与汉语翻译有关。
]如果从“力学”一词的本义来讲，那么亚里士多德关于物体速度与力、阻力关系的论述，伽利略关于加速运动和落体定律的工作，笛卡尔的运动定律和碰撞定律，惠更斯的碰撞理论和圆周运动理论，牛顿的运动三定律，这些内容严格来说并不属于“力学”工作。
那么，“力学”何时以及如何从最初的研究机械的学问演变成了后来研究一切物质运动的学科？这些重要的问题即使在专业的科学史家中也很少有人注意到，如马赫（Ernst Mach）的《力学史评》（Die Mechanik und ihre Entwicklung historisch-kritisch dargestellt），克拉盖特（Marshall Clagett）的《中世纪的力学科学》（The Science of Mechanics in the Middle Ages）、韦斯特福尔（Richard S. Westfall）的《牛顿物理学中的力：17世纪的动力学科学》（Force in Newton's Physics: the Science of Dynamics in the Seventeenth Century）等经典力学史著作，更不要说绝大多数力学教科书，都没有强调力学含义的演变过程，都是按照后来对力学的理解来编排内容的。
材料、结构力学名词英文
力学 mechanics 牛顿力学 Newtonian mechanics 经典力学 classical mechanics 静力学 statics 运动学 kinematics 动力学 dynamics子波 wavelet 次级子波 secondary wavele 驻波 standing wave声强 intensity of sound 声强计 phonometer 声调 intonation音色 musical quality 音调 pitch 声级 sound level声压[强] sound pressure 声源 sound source 声阻抗 acoustic impedance声抗 acoustic reactance 声阻 acoustic resistance 声导纳 acoustic admittance声导 acoustic conductance 声纳 acoustic susceptance 声共振 acoustic resonance声波 sound wave 超声波 supersonic wave 声速 sound velocity次声波 infrasonic wave 亚声速 subsonic speed又称“亚音速”。
超声速 supersonic speed又称“超音速”。
声呐 sonar 共鸣 resonance回波 echo 回声 echo 拍 beat 拍频 beat frequency群速 group velocity 相速 phase velocity 能流 energy flux能流密度 energy flux density 材料力学 mechanics of materials, strength of materials 应力 stress 法向应力 normal stress 剪[切]应力 shear stress单轴应力 uniaxial stress 双轴应力 biaxial stress 拉[伸]应力 tensile stress压[缩]应力 compressive stress 周向应力 circumferential stress纵向应力 longitudinal stress 轴向应力 axial stress弯[曲]应力 bending stress, flexural stress 扭[转]应力 torsional stress局部应力 localized stress 残余应力 residual stress 热应力 thermal stress最大法向应力 maximum normal stress 最小法向应力 minimum normal stress最大剪应力 maximum shear stress 主应力 principal stress主剪应力 principal shear stress 工作应力 working stress 许用应力 allowable stress应力集中 stress concentration 应力集中系数 stress concentration factor应力状态 state of stress 应力分析 stress analysis结构[强度]分析 structured analysis 应变 strain 剪[切]应变 shear strain法向应变 normal strain 拉[伸]应变 tensile strain 压[缩]应变 compressive strain 体积应变 volumetric strain 残余应变 residual strain 热应变 thermal strain最大法向应变 maximum normal strain 主应变 principal strain主剪应变 principal shear strain 名义应变 nominal strain应变状态 state of strain 载荷 load又称“荷载”。
力学专业最常用几个英语单词
力学 mechanics牛顿力学 Newtonian mechanics经典力学 classical mechanics静力学 statics运动学 kinematics动力学 dynamics动理学 kinetics宏观力学 macroscopic mechanics,macromechanics 细观力学 mesomechanics微观力学 microscopic mechanics,micromechanics 一般力学 general mechanics固体力学 solid mechanics流体力学 fluid mechanics理论力学 theoretical mechanics应用力学 applied mechanics工程力学 engineering mechanics实验力学 experimental mechanics计算力学 computational mechanics理性力学 rational mechanics物理力学 physical mechanics地球动力学 geodynamics力 force作用点 point of action作用线 line of action力系 system of forces力系的简化 reduction of force system等效力系 equivalent force system弹性力学 elasticity弹性理论 theory of elasticity均匀应力状态 homogeneous state of stress应力不变量 stress invariant应变不变量 strain invariant应变椭球 strain ellipsoid均匀应变状态 homogeneous state of strain应变协调方程 equation of strain compatibility拉梅常量 Lame constants各向同性弹性 isotropic elasticity .。
力学(Mechanics)
d
dt
kˆ
d 2
dt 2
kˆ
2009年12月4,9日 9:00-9:50
7.1 刚体运动的描述
正方向由右手定则确定
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7.1.3 角速度矢量 •用矢量表示角量和线量的关系:
v ωr
a dv d( ω r )
dt
dt
dω r ω dr
dt
dt
αr ωv
2009年12月4,9日 9:00-9:50
7.1 刚体运动的描述
3
力学(Mechanics)
第七章 刚体力学
Mechanics Of Rigid Body
7.1 刚体运动的描述
7.1.1 刚体的平动 7.1.2 刚体的定轴转动 7.1.3 角速度矢量 7.1.4 刚体的平面运动 7.1.5 无滑滚动
y ˆj xiˆ
xiˆ y ˆj y jˆ xiˆ
2009年12月4,9日 9:00-9:50
7.1 刚体运动的描述
24
7.1.3 角速度矢量 可以证明：即使在三维运动的情况下，无限小角位移是矢量！ 角速度和角加速度是矢量。
dθ 是矢量
ω dθ dt
16
四．角量和7.线1.2量刚的体关的系定：轴转动角量和线量的关系
线性运动学量和角运动学量间的关系 考虑作定轴转动的刚体上的一点P.
线量: s , v , a
v 角量: , ,
通过r 联系起来, r: P点到转轴的垂直距离
P rs
位置: s = r
速度: v ds r d r
α dω dt
2009年12月4,9日 9:00-9:50
力学名词英文翻译
力学通类名词力学 mechanics牛顿力学 Newtonian mechanics经典力学 classical mechanics静力学 statics运动学 kinematics动力学 dynamics动理学 kinetics宏观力学 macroscopic mechanics,macromechanics 细观力学 mesomechanics微观力学 microscopic mechanics,micromechanics 一般力学 general mechanics固体力学 solid mechanics流体力学 fluid mechanics理论力学 theoretical mechanics应用力学 applied mechanics工程力学 engineering mechanics实验力学 experimental mechanics计算力学 computational mechanics理性力学 rational mechanics物理力学 physical mechanics地球动力学 geodynamics力 force作用点 point of action作用线 line of action力系 system of forces力系的简化 reduction of force system 等效力系 equivalent force system刚体 rigid body力的可传性 transmissibility of force 平行四边形定则 parallelogram rule力三角形 force triangle力多边形 force polygon零力系 null-force system平衡 equilibrium力的平衡 equilibrium of forces平衡条件 equilibrium condition平衡位置 equilibrium position平衡态 equilibrium state分析力学 analytical mechanics拉格朗日乘子 Lagrange multiplier拉格朗日[量] Lagrangian拉格朗日括号 Lagrange bracket循环坐标 cyclic coordinate循环积分 cyclic integral哈密顿[量] Hamiltonian哈密顿函数 Hamiltonian function正则方程 canonical equation正则摄动 canonical perturbation正则变换 canonical transformation正则变量 canonical variable哈密顿原理 Hamilton principle作用量积分 action integral哈密顿--雅可比方程 Hamilton-Jacobi equation 作用--角度变量 action-angle variables阿佩尔方程 Appell equation劳斯方程 Routh equation拉格朗日函数 Lagrangian function诺特定理 Noether theorem泊松括号 poisson bracket边界积分法 boundary integral method并矢 dyad运动稳定性 stability of motion轨道稳定性 orbital stability李雅普诺夫函数 Lyapunov function渐近稳定性 asymptotic stability结构稳定性 structural stability久期不稳定性 secular instability弗洛凯定理 Floquet theorem倾覆力矩 capsizing moment自由振动 free vibration固有振动 natural vibration暂态 transient state环境振动 ambient vibration反共振 anti-resonance衰减 attenuation库仑阻尼 Coulomb damping同相分量 in-phase component非同相分量 out-of-phase component超调量 overshoot参量[激励]振动 parametric vibration模糊振动 fuzzy vibration临界转速 critical speed of rotation阻尼器 damper半峰宽度 half-peak width集总参量系统 lumped parameter system相平面法 phase plane method相轨迹 phase trajectory等倾线法 isocline method跳跃现象 jump phenomenon负阻尼 negative damping达芬方程 Duffing equation希尔方程 Hill equationKBM方法 KBM method, Krylov-Bogoliu-bov-Mitropol'skii method 马蒂厄方程 Mathieu equation平均法 averaging method组合音调 combination tone解谐 detuning耗散函数 dissipative function硬激励 hard excitation硬弹簧 hard spring, hardening spring谐波平衡法 harmonic balance method久期项 secular term自激振动 self-excited vibration分界线 separatrix亚谐波 subharmonic软弹簧 soft spring ,softening spring软激励 soft excitation邓克利公式 Dunkerley formula瑞利定理 Rayleigh theorem分布参量系统 distributed parameter system 优势频率 dominant frequency模态分析 modal analysis固有模态 natural mode of vibration同步 synchronization超谐波 ultraharmonic范德波尔方程 van der pol equation频谱 frequency spectrum基频 fundamental frequencyWKB方法 WKB method, Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin method 缓冲器 buffer风激振动 aeolian vibration嗡鸣 buzz倒谱 cepstrum颤动 chatter蛇行 hunting阻抗匹配 impedance matching机械导纳 mechanical admittance机械效率 mechanical efficiency机械阻抗 mechanical impedance随机振动 stochastic vibration, random vibration隔振 vibration isolation减振 vibration reduction应力过冲 stress overshoot喘振 surge摆振 shimmy起伏运动 phugoid motion起伏振荡 phugoid oscillation驰振 galloping陀螺动力学 gyrodynamics陀螺摆 gyropendulum陀螺平台 gyroplatform陀螺力矩 gyroscoopic torque陀螺稳定器 gyrostabilizer陀螺体 gyrostat惯性导航 inertial guidance姿态角 attitude angle方位角 azimuthal angle舒勒周期 Schuler period机器人动力学 robot dynamics多体系统 multibody system多刚体系统 multi-rigid-body system机动性 maneuverability凯恩方法 Kane method转子[系统]动力学 rotor dynamics转子[一支承一基础]系统 rotor-support-foundation system 静平衡 static balancing动平衡 dynamic balancing静不平衡 static unbalance动不平衡 dynamic unbalance现场平衡 field balancing不平衡 unbalance不平衡量 unbalance互耦力 cross force挠性转子 flexible rotor分频进动 fractional frequency precession半频进动 half frequency precession油膜振荡 oil whip转子临界转速 rotor critical speed自动定心 self-alignment亚临界转速 subcritical speed涡动 whirl连续过程 continuous process碰撞截面 collision cross section通用气体常数 conventional gas constant 燃烧不稳定性 combustion instability稀释度 dilution完全离解 complete dissociation火焰传播 flame propagation组份 constituent碰撞反应速率 collision reaction rate 燃烧理论 combustion theory浓度梯度 concentration gradient阴极腐蚀 cathodic corrosion火焰速度 flame speed火焰驻定 flame stabilization火焰结构 flame structure着火 ignition湍流火焰 turbulent flame层流火焰 laminar flame燃烧带 burning zone渗流 flow in porous media, seepage达西定律 Darcy law赫尔-肖流 Hele-Shaw flow毛[细]管流 capillary flow过滤 filtration爪进 fingering不互溶驱替 immiscible displacement不互溶流体 immiscible fluid互溶驱替 miscible displacement互溶流体 miscible fluid迁移率 mobility流度比 mobility ratio渗透率 permeability孔隙度 porosity多孔介质 porous medium比面 specific surface迂曲度 tortuosity空隙 void空隙分数 void fraction注水 water flooding可湿性 wettability地球物理流体动力学 geophysical fluid dynamics 物理海洋学 physical oceanography大气环流 atmospheric circulation海洋环流 ocean circulation海洋流 ocean current旋转流 rotating flow平流 advection埃克曼流 Ekman flow埃克曼边界层 Ekman boundary layer大气边界层 atmospheric boundary layer大气-海洋相互作用 atmosphere-ocean interaction 埃克曼数 Ekman number罗斯贝数 Rossby unmber罗斯贝波 Rossby wave斜压性 baroclinicity正压性 barotropy内磨擦 internal friction海洋波 ocean wave盐度 salinity环境流体力学 environmental fluid mechanics斯托克斯流 Stokes flow羽流 plume理查森数 Richardson number污染源 pollutant source污染物扩散 pollutant diffusion噪声 noise噪声级 noise level噪声污染 noise pollution排放物 effulent工业流体力学 industrical fluid mechanics流控技术 fluidics轴向流 axial flow并向流 co-current flow对向流 counter current flow横向流 cross flow螺旋流 spiral flow旋拧流 swirling flow滞后流 after flow混合层 mixing layer抖振 buffeting风压 wind pressure附壁效应 wall attachment effect, Coanda effect简约频率 reduced frequency爆炸力学 mechanics of explosion终点弹道学 terminal ballistics动态超高压技术 dynamic ultrahigh pressure technique 流体弹塑性体 hydro-elastoplastic medium热塑不稳定性 thermoplastic instability空中爆炸 explosion in air地下爆炸 underground explosion水下爆炸 underwater explosion电爆炸 discharge-induced explosion激光爆炸 laser-induced explosion核爆炸 nuclear explosion点爆炸 point-source explosion殉爆 sympathatic detonation强爆炸 intense explosion粒子束爆炸 explosion by beam radiation 聚爆 implosion起爆 initiation of explosion爆破 blasting霍普金森杆 Hopkinson bar电炮 electric gun电磁炮 electromagnetic gun爆炸洞 explosion chamber轻气炮 light gas gun马赫反射 Mach reflection基浪 base surge成坑 cratering能量沉积 energy deposition爆心 explosion center爆炸当量 explosion equivalent火球 fire ball爆高 height of burst蘑菇云 mushroom侵彻 penetration规则反射 regular reflection崩落 spallation应变率史 strain rate history流变学 rheology聚合物减阻 drag reduction by polymers挤出[物]胀大 extrusion swell, die swell 无管虹吸 tubeless siphon剪胀效应 dilatancy effect孔压[误差]效应 hole-pressure[error]effect 剪切致稠 shear thickening剪切致稀 shear thinning触变性 thixotropy反触变性 anti-thixotropy超塑性 superplasticity粘弹塑性材料 viscoelasto-plastic material 滞弹性材料 anelastic material本构关系 constitutive relation麦克斯韦模型 Maxwell model沃伊特-开尔文模型 Voigt-Kelvin model宾厄姆模型 Bingham model奥伊洛特模型 Oldroyd model幂律模型 power law model应力松驰 stress relaxation应变史 strain history应力史 stress history记忆函数 memory function衰退记忆 fading memory应力增长 stress growing粘度函数 voscosity function相对粘度 relative viscosity复态粘度 complex viscosity拉伸粘度 elongational viscosity拉伸流动 elongational flow第一法向应力差 first normal-stress difference 第二法向应力差 second normal-stress difference 德博拉数 Deborah number魏森贝格数 Weissenberg number动态模量 dynamic modulus振荡剪切流 oscillatory shear flow宇宙气体动力学 cosmic gas dynamics等离[子]体动力学 plasma dynamics电离气体 ionized gas行星边界层 planetary boundary layer阿尔文波 Alfven wave泊肃叶-哈特曼流] Poiseuille-Hartman flow哈特曼数 Hartman number生物流变学 biorheology生物流体 biofluid生物屈服点 bioyield point生物屈服应力 bioyield stress电气体力学 electro-gas dynamics铁流体力学 ferro-hydrodynamics血液流变学 hemorheology, blood rheology血液动力学 hemodynamics磁流体力学 magneto fluid mechanics磁流体动力学 magnetohydrodynamics, MHD磁流体动力波 magnetohydrodynamic wave磁流体流 magnetohydrodynamic flow磁流体动力稳定性 magnetohydrodynamic stability 生物力学 biomechanics生物流体力学 biological fluid mechanics生物固体力学 biological solid mechanics宾厄姆塑性流 Bingham plastic flow开尔文体 Kelvin body沃伊特体 Voigt body可贴变形 applicable deformation可贴曲面 applicable surface边界润滑 boundary lubrication液膜润滑 fluid film lubrication向心收缩功 concentric work离心收缩功 eccentric work关节反作用力 joint reaction force微循环力学 microcyclic mechanics微纤维 microfibril渗透性 permeability生理横截面积 physiological cross-sectional area 农业生物力学 agrobiomechanics纤维度 fibrousness硬皮度 rustiness胶粘度 gumminess粘稠度 stickiness嫩度 tenderness渗透流 osmotic flow易位流 translocation flow蒸腾流 transpirational flow过滤阻力 filtration resistance压扁 wafering风雪流 snow-driving wind停滞堆积 accretion遇阻堆积 encroachment沙漠地面 desert floor流沙固定 fixation of shifting sand流动阈值 fluid threshold固体力学弹性力学 elasticity弹性理论 theory of elasticity均匀应力状态 homogeneous state of stress应力不变量 stress invariant应变不变量 strain invariant应变椭球 strain ellipsoid均匀应变状态 homogeneous state of strain应变协调方程 equation of strain compatibility拉梅常量 Lame constants各向同性弹性 isotropic elasticity旋转圆盘 rotating circular disk楔 wedge开尔文问题 Kelvin problem布西内斯克问题 Boussinesq problem艾里应力函数 Airy stress function克罗索夫--穆斯赫利什维利法 Kolosoff-Muskhelishvili method 基尔霍夫假设 Kirchhoff hypothesis板 Plate矩形板 Rectangular plate圆板 Circular plate环板 Annular plate波纹板 Corrugated plate加劲板 Stiffened plate,reinforced Plate中厚板 Plate of moderate thickness弯[曲]应力函数 Stress function of bending 壳 Shell扁壳 Shallow shell旋转壳 Revolutionary shell球壳 Spherical shell[圆]柱壳 Cylindrical shell锥壳 Conical shell环壳 Toroidal shell封闭壳 Closed shell波纹壳 Corrugated shell扭[转]应力函数 Stress function of torsion 翘曲函数 Warping function半逆解法 semi-inverse method瑞利--里茨法 Rayleigh-Ritz method松弛法 Relaxation method莱维法 Levy method松弛 Relaxation量纲分析 Dimensional analysis自相似[性] self-similarity影响面 Influence surface接触应力 Contact stress赫兹理论 Hertz theory协调接触 Conforming contact滑动接触 Sliding contact滚动接触 Rolling contact压入 Indentation各向异性弹性 Anisotropic elasticity颗粒材料 Granular material散体力学 Mechanics of granular media热弹性 Thermoelasticity超弹性 Hyperelasticity粘弹性 Viscoelasticity对应原理 Correspondence principle褶皱 Wrinkle塑性全量理论 Total theory of plasticity 滑动 Sliding微滑 Microslip粗糙度 Roughness非线性弹性 Nonlinear elasticity大挠度 Large deflection突弹跳变 snap-through有限变形 Finite deformation格林应变 Green strain阿尔曼西应变 Almansi strain弹性动力学 Dynamic elasticity运动方程 Equation of motion准静态的 Quasi-static气动弹性 Aeroelasticity水弹性 Hydroelasticity颤振 Flutter弹性波 Elastic wave简单波 Simple wave柱面波 Cylindrical wave水平剪切波 Horizontal shear wave竖直剪切波 Vertical shear wave体波 body wave无旋波 Irrotational wave畸变波 Distortion wave膨胀波 Dilatation wave瑞利波 Rayleigh wave等容波 Equivoluminal wave勒夫波 Love wave界面波 Interfacial wave边缘效应 edge effect塑性力学 Plasticity可成形性 Formability金属成形 Metal forming耐撞性 Crashworthiness结构抗撞毁性 Structural crashworthiness 拉拔 Drawing破坏机构 Collapse mechanism回弹 Springback挤压 Extrusion冲压 Stamping穿透 Perforation层裂 Spalling塑性理论 Theory of plasticity安定[性]理论 Shake-down theory运动安定定理 kinematic shake-down theorem 静力安定定理 Static shake-down theorem率相关理论 rate dependent theorem载荷因子 load factor加载准则 Loading criterion加载函数 Loading function加载面 Loading surface塑性加载 Plastic loading塑性加载波 Plastic loading wave简单加载 Simple loading比例加载 Proportional loading卸载 Unloading卸载波 Unloading wave冲击载荷 Impulsive load阶跃载荷 step load脉冲载荷 pulse load极限载荷 limit load中性变载 nentral loading拉抻失稳 instability in tension加速度波 acceleration wave本构方程 constitutive equation完全解 complete solution名义应力 nominal stress过应力 over-stress真应力 true stress等效应力 equivalent stress流动应力 flow stress应力间断 stress discontinuity应力空间 stress space主应力空间 principal stress space静水应力状态 hydrostatic state of stress 对数应变 logarithmic strain工程应变 engineering strain等效应变 equivalent strain应变局部化 strain localization应变率 strain rate应变率敏感性 strain rate sensitivity应变空间 strain space有限应变 finite strain塑性应变增量 plastic strain increment累积塑性应变 accumulated plastic strain 永久变形 permanent deformation内变量 internal variable应变软化 strain-softening理想刚塑性材料 rigid-perfectly plastic Material 刚塑性材料 rigid-plastic material理想塑性材料 perfectl plastic material材料稳定性 stability of material应变偏张量 deviatoric tensor of strain应力偏张量 deviatori tensor of stress应变球张量 spherical tensor of strain应力球张量 spherical tensor of stress路径相关性 path-dependency线性强化 linear strain-hardening应变强化 strain-hardening随动强化 kinematic hardening各向同性强化 isotropic hardening强化模量 strain-hardening modulus幂强化 power hardening塑性极限弯矩 plastic limit bending Moment塑性极限扭矩 plastic limit torque弹塑性弯曲 elastic-plastic bending弹塑性交界面 elastic-plastic interface弹塑性扭转 elastic-plastic torsion粘塑性 Viscoplasticity非弹性 Inelasticity理想弹塑性材料 elastic-perfectly plastic Material 极限分析 limit analysis极限设计 limit design极限面 limit surface上限定理 upper bound theorem上屈服点 upper yield point下限定理 lower bound theorem下屈服点 lower yield point界限定理 bound theorem初始屈服面 initial yield surface后继屈服面 subsequent yield surface屈服面[的]外凸性 convexity of yield surface截面形状因子 shape factor of cross-section沙堆比拟 sand heap analogy屈服 Yield屈服条件 yield condition屈服准则 yield criterion屈服函数 yield function屈服面 yield surface塑性势 plastic potential能量吸收装置 energy absorbing device能量耗散率 energy absorbing device塑性动力学 dynamic plasticity塑性动力屈曲 dynamic plastic buckling塑性动力响应 dynamic plastic response塑性波 plastic wave运动容许场 kinematically admissible Field静力容许场 statically admissible Field流动法则 flow rule速度间断 velocity discontinuity滑移线 slip-lines滑移线场 slip-lines field移行塑性铰 travelling plastic hinge塑性增量理论 incremental theory of Plasticity米泽斯屈服准则 Mises yield criterion普朗特--罗伊斯关系 prandtl- Reuss relation特雷斯卡屈服准则 Tresca yield criterion洛德应力参数 Lode stress parameter莱维--米泽斯关系 Levy-Mises relation亨基应力方程 Hencky stress equation赫艾--韦斯特加德应力空间 Haigh-Westergaard stress space 洛德应变参数 Lode strain parameter德鲁克公设 Drucker postulate盖林格速度方程 Geiringer velocity Equation结构力学 structural mechanics结构分析 structural analysis结构动力学 structural dynamics拱 Arch三铰拱 three-hinged arch抛物线拱 parabolic arch圆拱 circular arch穹顶 Dome空间结构 space structure空间桁架 space truss雪载[荷] snow load风载[荷] wind load土压力 earth pressure地震载荷 earthquake loading弹簧支座 spring support支座位移 support displacement支座沉降 support settlement超静定次数 degree of indeterminacy 机动分析 kinematic analysis结点法 method of joints截面法 method of sections结点力 joint forces共轭位移 conjugate displacement影响线 influence line三弯矩方程 three-moment equation 单位虚力 unit virtual force刚度系数 stiffness coefficient柔度系数 flexibility coefficient力矩分配 moment distribution力矩分配法 moment distribution method力矩再分配 moment redistribution分配系数 distribution factor矩阵位移法 matri displacement method单元刚度矩阵 element stiffness matrix单元应变矩阵 element strain matrix总体坐标 global coordinates贝蒂定理 Betti theorem高斯--若尔当消去法 Gauss-Jordan elimination Method 屈曲模态 buckling mode复合材料力学 mechanics of composites复合材料 composite material纤维复合材料 fibrous composite单向复合材料 unidirectional composite泡沫复合材料 foamed composite颗粒复合材料 particulate composite层板 Laminate夹层板 sandwich panel正交层板 cross-ply laminate斜交层板 angle-ply laminate层片 Ply多胞固体 cellular solid膨胀 Expansion压实 Debulk劣化 Degradation脱层 Delamination脱粘 Debond纤维应力 fiber stress层应力 ply stress层应变 ply strain层间应力 interlaminar stress比强度 specific strength强度折减系数 strength reduction factor 强度应力比 strength -stress ratio横向剪切模量 transverse shear modulus 横观各向同性 transverse isotropy正交各向异 Orthotropy剪滞分析 shear lag analysis短纤维 chopped fiber长纤维 continuous fiber纤维方向 fiber direction纤维断裂 fiber break纤维拔脱 fiber pull-out纤维增强 fiber reinforcement致密化 Densification最小重量设计 optimum weight design网格分析法 netting analysis混合律 rule of mixture失效准则 failure criterion蔡--吴失效准则 Tsai-W u failure criterion达格代尔模型 Dugdale model断裂力学 fracture mechanics概率断裂力学 probabilistic fracture Mechanics格里菲思理论 Griffith theory线弹性断裂力学 linear elastic fracture mechanics, LEFM 弹塑性断裂力学 elastic-plastic fracture mecha-nics, EPFM 断裂 Fracture脆性断裂 brittle fracture解理断裂 cleavage fracture蠕变断裂 creep fracture延性断裂 ductile fracture晶间断裂 inter-granular fracture准解理断裂 quasi-cleavage fracture穿晶断裂 trans-granular fracture裂纹 Crack裂缝 Flaw缺陷 Defect割缝 Slit微裂纹 Microcrack折裂 Kink椭圆裂纹 elliptical crack深埋裂纹 embedded crack[钱]币状裂纹 penny-shape crack预制裂纹 Precrack短裂纹 short crack表面裂纹 surface crack裂纹钝化 crack blunting裂纹分叉 crack branching裂纹闭合 crack closure裂纹前缘 crack front裂纹嘴 crack mouth裂纹张开角 crack opening angle,COA裂纹张开位移 crack opening displacement, COD裂纹阻力 crack resistance裂纹面 crack surface裂纹尖端 crack tip裂尖张角 crack tip opening angle, CTOA裂尖张开位移 crack tip opening displacement, CTOD 裂尖奇异场 crack tip singularity Field裂纹扩展速率 crack growth rate稳定裂纹扩展 stable crack growth定常裂纹扩展 steady crack growth亚临界裂纹扩展 subcritical crack growth裂纹[扩展]减速 crack retardation止裂 crack arrest止裂韧度 arrest toughness断裂类型 fracture mode滑开型 sliding mode张开型 opening mode撕开型 tearing mode复合型 mixed mode撕裂 Tearing撕裂模量 tearing modulus断裂准则 fracture criterionJ积分 J-integralJ阻力曲线 J-resistance curve断裂韧度 fracture toughness应力强度因子 stress intensity factorHRR场 Hutchinson-Rice-Rosengren Field守恒积分 conservation integral有效应力张量 effective stress tensor应变能密度 strain energy density能量释放率 energy release rate内聚区 cohesive zone塑性区 plastic zone张拉区 stretched zone热影响区 heat affected zone, HAZ延脆转变温度 brittle-ductile transition temperature 剪切带 shear band剪切唇 shear lip无损检测 non-destructive inspection双边缺口试件 double edge notched specimen, DEN specimen单边缺口试件 single edge notched specimen, SEN specimen三点弯曲试件 three point bending specimen, TPB specimen中心裂纹拉伸试件 center cracked tension specimen, CCT specimen 中心裂纹板试件 center cracked panel specimen, CCP specimen紧凑拉伸试件 compact tension specimen, CT specimen大范围屈服 large scale yielding小范围攻屈服 small scale yielding韦布尔分布 Weibull distribution帕里斯公式 paris formula空穴化 Cavitation应力腐蚀 stress corrosion概率风险判定 probabilistic risk assessment, PRA损伤力学 damage mechanics损伤 Damage连续介质损伤力学 continuum damage mechanics细观损伤力学 microscopic damage mechanics累积损伤 accumulated damage脆性损伤 brittle damage延性损伤 ductile damage宏观损伤 macroscopic damage细观损伤 microscopic damage微观损伤 microscopic damage损伤准则 damage criterion损伤演化方程 damage evolution equation 损伤软化 damage softening损伤强化 damage strengthening损伤张量 damage tensor损伤阈值 damage threshold损伤变量 damage variable损伤矢量 damage vector损伤区 damage zone疲劳 Fatigue低周疲劳 low cycle fatigue应力疲劳 stress fatigue随机疲劳 random fatigue蠕变疲劳 creep fatigue腐蚀疲劳 corrosion fatigue疲劳损伤 fatigue damage疲劳失效 fatigue failure疲劳断裂 fatigue fracture疲劳裂纹 fatigue crack疲劳寿命 fatigue life疲劳破坏 fatigue rupture疲劳强度 fatigue strength疲劳辉纹 fatigue striations疲劳阈值 fatigue threshold交变载荷 alternating load交变应力 alternating stress应力幅值 stress amplitude应变疲劳 strain fatigue应力循环 stress cycle应力比 stress ratio安全寿命 safe life过载效应 overloading effect循环硬化 cyclic hardening循环软化 cyclic softening环境效应 environmental effect裂纹片 crack gage裂纹扩展 crack growth, crack Propagation 裂纹萌生 crack initiation循环比 cycle ratio实验应力分析 experimental stress Analysis 工作[应变]片 active[strain] gage基底材料 backing material应力计 stress gage零[点]飘移 zero shift, zero drift应变测量 strain measurement应变计 strain gage应变指示器 strain indicator应变花 strain rosette应变灵敏度 strain sensitivity机械式应变仪 mechanical strain gage直角应变花 rectangular rosette引伸仪 Extensometer应变遥测 telemetering of strain横向灵敏系数 transverse gage factor横向灵敏度 transverse sensitivity焊接式应变计 weldable strain gage平衡电桥 balanced bridge粘贴式应变计 bonded strain gage粘贴箔式应变计 bonded foiled gage粘贴丝式应变计 bonded wire gage桥路平衡 bridge balancing电容应变计 capacitance strain gage补偿片 compensation technique补偿技术 compensation technique基准电桥 reference bridge电阻应变计 resistance strain gage温度自补偿应变计 self-temperature compensating gage 半导体应变计 semiconductor strain Gage集流器 slip ring应变放大镜 strain amplifier疲劳寿命计 fatigue life gage电感应变计 inductance [strain] gage光[测]力学 Photomechanics光弹性 Photoelasticity光塑性 Photoplasticity杨氏条纹 Young fringe双折射效应 birefrigent effect等位移线 contour of equal Displacement暗条纹 dark fringe条纹倍增 fringe multiplication干涉条纹 interference fringe等差线 Isochromatic等倾线 Isoclinic等和线 isopachic应力光学定律 stress- optic law主应力迹线 Isostatic亮条纹 light fringe光程差 optical path difference热光弹性 photo-thermo -elasticity光弹性贴片法 photoelastic coating Method 光弹性夹片法 photoelastic sandwich Method 动态光弹性 dynamic photo-elasticity空间滤波 spatial filtering空间频率 spatial frequency起偏镜 Polarizer反射式光弹性仪 reflection polariscope残余双折射效应 residual birefringent Effect应变条纹值 strain fringe value应变光学灵敏度 strain-optic sensitivity应力冻结效应 stress freezing effect应力条纹值 stress fringe value应力光图 stress-optic pattern暂时双折射效应 temporary birefringent Effect脉冲全息法 pulsed holography透射式光弹性仪 transmission polariscope实时全息干涉法 real-time holographic interferometry网格法 grid method全息光弹性法 holo-photoelasticity全息图 Hologram全息照相 Holograph全息干涉法 holographic interferometry全息云纹法 holographic moire technique全息术 Holography全场分析法 whole-field analysis散斑干涉法 speckle interferometry散斑 Speckle错位散斑干涉法 speckle-shearing interferometry, shearography 散斑图 Specklegram白光散斑法 white-light speckle method云纹干涉法 moire interferometry[叠栅]云纹 moire fringe[叠栅]云纹法 moire method云纹图 moire pattern离面云纹法 off-plane moire method参考栅 reference grating试件栅 specimen grating分析栅 analyzer grating面内云纹法 in-plane moire method脆性涂层法 brittle-coating method条带法 strip coating method坐标变换 transformation of Coordinates计算结构力学 computational structural mechanics 加权残量法 weighted residual method有限差分法 finite difference method有限[单]元法 finite element method配点法 point collocation里茨法 Ritz method广义变分原理 generalized variational Principle 最小二乘法 least square method胡[海昌]一鹫津原理 Hu-Washizu principle赫林格-赖斯纳原理 Hellinger-Reissner Principle 修正变分原理 modified variational Principle约束变分原理 constrained variational Principle混合法 mixed method杂交法 hybrid method边界解法 boundary solution method有限条法 finite strip method半解析法 semi-analytical method协调元 conforming element非协调元 non-conforming element混合元 mixed element杂交元 hybrid element边界元 boundary element强迫边界条件 forced boundary condition 自然边界条件 natural boundary condition 离散化 Discretization离散系统 discrete system连续问题 continuous problem广义位移 generalized displacement广义载荷 generalized load广义应变 generalized strain广义应力 generalized stress界面变量 interface variable节点 node, nodal point[单]元 Element角节点 corner node边节点 mid-side node内节点 internal node无节点变量 nodeless variable杆元 bar element桁架杆元 truss element梁元 beam element二维元 two-dimensional element一维元 one-dimensional element三维元 three-dimensional element轴对称元 axisymmetric element板元 plate element壳元 shell element厚板元 thick plate element三角形元 triangular element四边形元 quadrilateral element四面体元 tetrahedral element曲线元 curved element二次元 quadratic element线性元 linear element三次元 cubic element四次元 quartic element等参[数]元 isoparametric element超参数元 super-parametric element亚参数元 sub-parametric element节点数可变元 variable-number-node element拉格朗日元 Lagrange element拉格朗日族 Lagrange family巧凑边点元 serendipity element巧凑边点族 serendipity family无限元 infinite element单元分析 element analysis单元特性 element characteristics刚度矩阵 stiffness matrix几何矩阵 geometric matrix等效节点力 equivalent nodal force节点位移 nodal displacement节点载荷 nodal load位移矢量 displacement vector载荷矢量 load vector质量矩阵 mass matrix集总质量矩阵 lumped mass matrix相容质量矩阵 consistent mass matrix阻尼矩阵 damping matrix瑞利阻尼 Rayleigh damping刚度矩阵的组集 assembly of stiffness Matrices 载荷矢量的组集 consistent mass matrix质量矩阵的组集 assembly of mass matrices单元的组集 assembly of elements局部坐标系 local coordinate system局部坐标 local coordinate面积坐标 area coordinates体积坐标 volume coordinates曲线坐标 curvilinear coordinates静凝聚 static condensation合同变换 contragradient transformation 形状函数 shape function试探函数 trial function检验函数 test function权函数 weight function样条函数 spline function代用函数 substitute function降阶积分 reduced integration零能模式 zero-energy modeP收敛 p-convergenceH收敛 h-convergence掺混插值 blended interpolation等参数映射 isoparametric mapping双线性插值 bilinear interpolation小块检验 patch test非协调模式 incompatible mode节点号 node number单元号 element number带宽 band width带状矩阵 banded matrix变带状矩阵 profile matrix带宽最小化 minimization of band width波前法 frontal method子空间迭代法 subspace iteration method 行列式搜索法 determinant search method 逐步法 step-by-step method纽马克法 Newmark威尔逊法 Wilson拟牛顿法 quasi-Newton method牛顿-拉弗森法 Newton-Raphson method增量法 incremental method初应变 initial strain初应力 initial stress切线刚度矩阵 tangent stiffness matrix割线刚度矩阵 secant stiffness matrix模态叠加法 mode superposition method平衡迭代 equilibrium iteration子结构 Substructure子结构法 substructure technique超单元 super-element网格生成 mesh generation结构分析程序 structural analysis program 前处理 pre-processing后处理 post-processing网格细化 mesh refinement应力光顺 stress smoothing组合结构 composite structure流体力学流体动力学 fluid dynamics连续介质力学 mechanics of continuous media介质 medium流体质点 fluid particle无粘性流体 nonviscous fluid, inviscid fluid连续介质假设 continuous medium hypothesis流体运动学 fluid kinematics水静力学 hydrostatics液体静力学 hydrostatics支配方程 governing equation伯努利方程 Bernoulli equation伯努利定理 Bernonlli theorem毕奥-萨伐尔定律 Biot-Savart law欧拉方程 Euler equation亥姆霍兹定理 Helmholtz theorem开尔文定理 Kelvin theorem涡片 vortex sheet库塔-茹可夫斯基条件 Kutta-Zhoukowski condition布拉休斯解 Blasius solution达朗贝尔佯廖 d'Alembert paradox 雷诺数 Reynolds number施特鲁哈尔数 Strouhal number随体导数 material derivative不可压缩流体 incompressible fluid 质量守恒 conservation of mass动量守恒 conservation of momentum 能量守恒 conservation of energy 动量方程 momentum equation能量方程 energy equation控制体积 control volume液体静压 hydrostatic pressure涡量拟能 enstrophy压差 differential pressure流[动] flow流线 stream line流面 stream surface流管 stream tube迹线 path, path line流场 flow field流态 flow regime流动参量 flow parameter流量 flow rate, flow discharge。
力学英文名词对照
力学??mechanics牛顿力学??Newtonian?mechanics 经典力学静力学运动学动力学子波次级子波??secondary?wavelet驻波??standing?wave声强??intensity?of?sound声强计??phonometer声调音色音调声级声压[强声源??sound?source声阻抗??acoustic?impedance声抗??acoustic?reactance声阻??acoustic?resistance声导纳??acoustic?admittance声导声纳声共振声波超声波声速??sound?velocity次声波??infrasonic?wave亚声速??subsonic?speed 又称“亚音速”。
超声速??supersonic?speed又称“声呐共鸣回波回声拍??beat拍频??beat?frequency群速??group?velocity相速??phase?velocity能流??energy?flux能流密度材料力学应力法向应力剪[切]单轴应力??uniaxial?stress 双轴应力??biaxial?stress拉[伸]应力??tensile?stress压[缩]应力??compressive?stress周向应力纵向应力轴向应力弯[曲]扭[转]局部应力??localized?stress残余应力??residual?stress热应力??thermal?stress最大法向应力??maximum?normal?stress最小法向应力??minimum?normal?stress主应力主剪应力工作应力许用应力应力集中??stress?concentration应力集中系数??stress?concentration?factor应力状态??state?of?stress应力分析??stress?analysis结构[强度应变剪[切]法向应变拉[伸]压[缩]应变??compressive?strain 体积应变??volumetric?strain残余应变??residual?strain热应变??thermal?strain最大法向应变??maximum?normal?strain主应变主剪应变名义应变应变状态载荷又称“荷载”。
力学词汇(mechanics)
力学词汇(mechanics)1mechanics 力学Newtonian mechanics 牛顿力学classical mechanics 经典力学statics 静力学kinematics 运动学dynamics 动力学kinetics 动理学macroscopic mechanics，macromechanics 宏观力学mesomechanics 细观力学尺度约为0.01——100μm .microscopic mechanics，micromechanics 微观力学general mechanics 一般力学solid mechanics 固体力学fluid mechanics 流体力学theoretical mechanics 理论力学applied mechanics 应用力学engineering mechanics 工程力学experimental mechanics 实验力学computational mechanics 计算力学rational mechanics 理性力学physical mechanics 物理力学geodynamics 地球动力学force 力point of action 作用点line of action 作用线system of forces 力系reduction of force system 力系的简化又称“力系的约化”。
equivalent force system 等效力系rigid body 刚体transmissibility of force 力的可传性parallelogram rule 平行四边形定则force triangle 力三角形force polygon 力多边形null-force system 零力系equilibrium 平衡equilibrium of forces 力的平衡equilibrium condition 平衡条件equilibrium position 平衡位置equilibrium state 平衡态component force 分力resultant force 合力resolution of force 力的分解composition of forces 力的合成couple 力偶arm of couple 力偶臂system of couples 力偶系resultant couple 合力偶moment arm of force 力臂moment of force 力矩moment of couple 力偶矩moment of area 面矩center of moment 矩心moment vector 矩矢moment vector of couple 力偶矩矢principal vector 主矢principal moment 主矩torque 转矩force screw 力螺旋acting force 作用力reacting force 反作用力reaction at support 支座反力friction force 摩擦力kinetic friction 动摩擦rolling friction 滚动摩擦coefficient of rolling friction 滚动摩擦系数sliding friction 滑动摩擦coefficient of sliding friction 滑动摩擦系数static friction 静摩擦coefficient of maximum static friction 最大静摩擦系数angle of friction 摩擦角Coulomb law of friction 库仑摩擦定律center of reduction 简化中心又称“约化中心”。
机械原理英文经典书籍
机械原理英文经典书籍One classic book on mechanical principles is "Mechanics of Materials" by Ferdinand Beer, E. Russell Johnston, Jr., John DeWolf, and David Mazurek. This book covers the fundamental principles of mechanics, including stress, strain, and deformation of solid materials. It also delves into topics such as axial loading, torsion, bending, and transverse shear. The clear and comprehensive explanations make it a widely used textbook for engineering students and professionals alike.Another widely acclaimed book is "Engineering Mechanics: Dynamics" by J.L. Meriam and L.G. Kraige. This book provides a thorough understanding of the principles of dynamics, including kinematics, kinetics, and energy methods. It covers topics such as particle dynamics, planar kinetics of rigid bodies, and three-dimensional dynamics of rigid bodies. The book also includes numerous real-world examples and applications to help readers grasp the concepts more effectively.In addition, "Machinery's Handbook" by Erik Oberg, Franklin D. Jones, Henry H. Ryffel, and Christopher J.McCauley is a classic reference for mechanical design and engineering. This handbook contains a wealth of information on mechanical principles, formulas, tables, and standards. It covers a wide range of topics, including mathematics, mechanics and strength of materials, properties and treatment of materials, and much more. It is an indispensable tool for mechanical engineers and machinists.Other notable books on mechanical principles include "Theory of Machines and Mechanisms" by John J. Uicker, Gordon R. Pennock, and Joseph E. Shigley, and "Fundamentals of Machine Component Design" by Robert C. Juvinall and Kurt M. Marshek. These books provide in-depth coverage of the principles and applications of machine design, including mechanisms, mechanical systems, and machine components.以上是一些经典的机械原理书籍，它们涵盖了力学、机械设计和材料力学等领域的基本原理和实际应用。
机械工程专业英语单词
Lesson 1 Basic Concepts in M e c h a n i c s机械学的基本概念mechanics n.力学modify v.修改,调解,变更manageable a.可控制管理的incline v.使倾斜ramp n.斜板,斜坡道slope v.使倾斜friction n.摩擦roll v.滚动multiplier n.放大器,乘法器broom n.扫帚convert v.转变化handle n.手柄把sweep v.扫荡描,掠过efficiency n.效率gauge vt.测计量,校验bearing n.轴承ideal mechanical advantage 理想的机械效益neglect vt.忽略Lesson 2 Basic Assumption in Plasticity Theory 塑性理论的基本假设assumption n.假定plasticity n.塑性investigate v.调查,研究deformation n.变形metal forming process 金属成型工艺过程strain rate n.应变速率strength n.强度stress n.应力yield stress 屈服应力flow stress 流动应力tensile stress 拉伸应力compressive stress 压缩应力shear stress 剪切应力geometry n.几何形状elastic a.弹性的springback n.回弹bending n.弯曲,折弯precision forming 精密成型tolerance n.公差continuum n.连续体metallurgical a.冶金学的grain n.晶粒dislocation n.位错uni-,tri-,multi-axial a.单,三,多轴向的anisotropy n.各向异性cylindrical a.圆柱体的cross-section n.横截面platen n.工作台板,模板coincide with 一致,相符validity n.正确有效,合法with ease 轻而易举的,很容易的Lesson 3 Optimization for Finite Element Applications有限元优化的应用optimization n.优化,优选法finite element 有限元iterative a.反复的,迭代的alternative .交替的,可供选择的manual a.手动的,人工的trial-and-error 试凑法bias vt,n.使偏向重、差a desktop platform 计算机桌面平台constraint v,n.强制,约束response n.反响应,灵敏度parameter n.参数parametric a.参数的preprocess vt.预先加工,预处理mesh n,v.网格,啮合capability n.能力,性能,容量loop n.环,回路,循环pose v.提出model n.模型,样品displacement n.位移,排量,替换buckling n.弯翘曲,挠度factor n.因素gradient n.坡梯度,斜率flur n.电,磁,热,光通量,流量multidisciplinary a.多学科的deflection n.偏移转,离,挠曲Lesson 4 Metals 金属toughness n.韧性corrosion n.腐蚀dump v.倾倒,堆放recyle v.反复循环利用copper n.铜aluminum n.铝bronze n.青铜器alloy n.合金wear v.磨损metallic a.含金属制的specification n.操作规程,技术要求,说明书extract vt.提炼,萃取iron n.铁carbon n.碳ferrous a.含铁的ferrous metals 黑色金属lead n.铅zinc n.锌tin n.锡ore n.矿石mineral n,a.矿物的impurity n.杂质,不纯Lesson 5 Metallic and Nonmetallic Materials金属和非金属材料magnesium n.镁nickel n.镍brass n.黄铜luster n.光泽ductility n.延展性,可锻性it is likely that 很可能it is certain to inf.必然,一定density n.密度be distinguished from 与…区分coefficient n.系数in connection with 关于,与…相关结合category n.种类hardness n.硬度elasticity n.弹性beam n.横梁,一束光penetration n.贯穿,渗透abrasion n.磨损耗roll n,v.轧辊,滚,轧mill n.轧钢机,铣床spring n.弹簧permanent a.永久的rupture n.破开裂stamp n.冲压hammer n.锻锤Lesson 6 Plastics and Other Materials塑料和其他材料inorganic acid 无机酸sulphuric acid 硫酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸solvent n.溶剂carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳rigid a,n.坚硬的,刚性的,刚度mouldmold n.模子,塑模,铸模decoration n.装饰fabricate vt.制造备,生产injection molding 注射模塑法blow molding 吹塑法compression molding 压塑法,模压法extrusion n.挤压vacuum forming 真空模塑法powder metallurgy 粉末冶金constituent n,a.组成的,部分,组元simultaneously adv.同时subsequently adv.随后coherent a.互相凝聚的,协调一致的fusion n.熔化,熔接crystalline n,a.结晶的,晶体的restriction n.限制定,节流blend n,v.混合物,融合press n,v.压力机,压制homogeneous a.均匀的sinter n,vt.烧结物Lesson 7 Die Life and Die Failure 模具的寿命和失效die n.模具,锻冲模,凹模die life 模具寿命die failure 模具损坏deterioration n.变坏,退化,损耗surface finish 表面光洁度breakdown n.破坏,击穿lubrication n.润滑cracking n.裂纹breakage n.断裂mode n.方式,状态,模式thermal fatigue 热疲劳layer n.层abrasive n,a.研磨料的,磨损的impression n.模膛,型腔槽heat checking 热裂纹,龟裂steep n,a.陡坡的,急剧的reversal n.颠倒,相反overload n,v.使过超载initiation n.开初始,发产生discrete a.不连续的,单个的variable n.变量cavity n.模膛,型槽stock n.坯料,原材料impact n,v.冲击,碰撞Lesson 8 Cold Working and Hot Working冷加工和热加工coldhot working 冷热加工forging n.锻造,锻件classification n.分类recrystallization n.再结晶take place 发生strain deformation hardening 应变变形硬化be referred to as 叫做,称为,被认为是warm working 温加工,温锻ultimate a,n.最终的,首要的,极限stress relieving 消除应力处理austenitic a.奥氏体的stainless steel 不锈钢annealing n.退火grain size 晶粒度solid solution 固溶体refinement n.精炼制,细化hazard n.危险,未知数,意外事件inherent a.固有的,先天的,本质的sensitive a.灵敏的,敏感的abnormal a.非正常的critical strain 临界应变Lesson 9 Casting 铸造casting n.铸造件die-casting n.模铸件foundry n.铸造车间pour v.浇注suitability n.适应性pig iron 生铁cupola n.冲天炉,化铁炉erosion n.腐蚀,侵、烧蚀ladle n.铁水包graphite n.石墨solidify v.使凝固disjoin v.拆散,分开ingot n.钢锭destructive a.破坏性的,有害的retard vt,n.使延缓,推迟solvent n,a.溶剂的copper-base alloy 铜基合金Lesson 10 Metal Forming Processes in Manufacturing 制造中的金属成形工艺machine-building 机械制造plastic working 塑性加工billet n 坯料,锻坯blank n.坯料,冲压板坯configuration n.外形,配置,排布stroke n.行程,冲程amortize v.阻尼,缓冲,分期偿还reliability n. 可靠性,安全性drawing n.锻坯拔长,线,管材拉拔deep drawing 深冲压brake forming 压折弯机成型stretch forming 张拉成型military n,a.军队事,人的consumer goods 消费品integrity n.完整性,完全善jet engine 喷气发动机turbine n.涡汽轮机,透平机regarding 考虑到,关于Lesson 11 Forging锻造armor n.铠甲immortalize vt.使不朽灭blacksmith n.锻工mechanical press 机械压力机hydranlic press 液压机anvil n.锤砧,砧座craftsman n.技工handling n.处理,装卸,搬运flexibility n.柔韧性,灵活性drawn out 拔长upset n.镦粗,顶锻closed impression die 闭式模锻rapid-impact blow 快速冲击,猛打vertical a.立式的ram n.锤头,滑块,活动横梁block n.模块draft n.模锻斜度symmetrical a.轴对称的sizing n.整形,校正,定径drop forging 落锻,锤模锻impression die forging 模锻final forging 终锻overheat n.过热furnace n.熔,高炉pyrometer n.高温计Lesson 12 Benefits and Principles of Forging锻造的优点和工作原理metalworking n.金属压力加工knead v.揉搓制refine v.精炼制,细化porosity n.多孔性,疏松orient v.使定取向flow line 流线stress field 应力场manual skill 手工技巧at one’s command 自由使用,支配soundness n.致密性,坚固性,无缺陷attainable a.可达得到的open die forging 自由锻gross n.总共,重大confine vt. 限制,约束convert v.转变换,更换broken up 破断裂,分散microshrinkage n.显微缩孔elimination n.消除,淘汰align v.调整,对中,校直Lesson 13 Welding焊接welding v,n.焊接,熔焊pressurewelding 压力焊spotwelding 点焊buttwelding 对头缝焊fusionwelding 熔焊,熔接fiux-shielded arc welding 熔剂保护电弧焊diversity n.不同多样性fastening v,n.连接件,紧固件shielding n.遮护,屏蔽soldering v,n.软钎焊,低温焊料bismuth n.铋cadmium n.镉rivet n,v.铆钉,铆接braze n,vt.硬钎焊,铜焊oxidation n.氧化flux n.焊接,助溶剂squeeze v.挤压oxy-acetylene n,a.氧乙炔的torch n.焊炬electrode n.电焊极,焊条filler n.填充剂overlap v.搭接,重叠strike v.攻打击,放电Lesson 14 Heat Treatment热处理heat treatment 热处理microstructure n.显微组织low-carbon steel 低碳钢prescribe v.规定,指示microscopic a.显微的,微观的spheroidizing n.球化处理normalizing n.正火,正常化annealing n.退火hardening n.淬火tempering n.回火soaking=holding n.均热,保温retarding media 延缓介质prolonged a.长时间的,持续很久的critical temperature 临界温度globular a.球形状的carbide n.碳化物,硬质合金quenching n.淬火,骤冷removal n.除去,放出Lesson 15 Introduction to Mechanism机构介绍mechanism n.机械,机构,机构学kinematic a.=kinematical 运动的,运动学的kinematic chain 运动链link n.构件,杆件. v.连接结definite a.确定的constrained a.约束的,限定的unconstrained a.无约束的linkage n.连杆组,机构joint n.结接台,铰链. a.连接的,联合的pin n.销钉,铰销revolution v.旋转,转动. n.回转体prismatic a.棱柱形的nonlinear a.非线性的four-bar linkage 四杆机构kinematic chain 运动链prime mover 原动者机,驱动件coupler n.连接件,连杆pivot n.枢轴,轴销,回转副,旋转中心configuration n.外形,构造,结构inversion n.转换,更换slider-crank mechanism 曲柄滑块机构multiloop n.多环链,a.多回路的sketch n.草简,示意图,v.画草图,草拟skeleton diagram 草图,示意图,简图envision v.想象binary a.二双,复的,二元的ternary a.三元的ternary links 三杆组quaternary a.四元的quaternary links 四杆组cam 凸轮cam follower n.凸轮从动件gear n.齿轮sprocket n.链轮belt n.皮,布,钢带pulley n.带轮spherical a.球的,球面的helical a.螺旋的three-dimensional 三维的,空间的intuitively adv.直觉观地synthesis n.合成法,综合kinematician n.运动学研究者家innate a.先天的,固有的Lesson 16 Movement Analysis 运动分析criterion n.判断标准,判据,准则branch n,v.分部,支transmission angle 传动角rock n.摆动, v.摇动oscillate v.摆动,摇动parallelogram n.平行四边形antiparallelogram n.反平行四边形frame n.机架,构架impart v.给予,分给to impart M to N 把M给Ntorque n.力矩,扭矩dynamic a.=dynamical 动力的,动力学的inertia n.惯性物,惯量static a.=statical 静力学的,静的index n.指数,指标friction n.摩擦thumb n.拇指,v.用拇指翻rule of thumb 根据经验和实际所得的做法matrix n.矩阵determinant n.行列式derivative n.导数derivative of M with respect to N M对于N的导数movability n.可动性,易动性parameter n.参数discount v.打折扣,忽视absolute a.绝对的graphical a.图形的,图解的polygon n.多边形theorem n.定理stress n.应力bearing n.轴承centripetal a.向心的Lesson 17 Kinematic Synthesis运动的综合packaging machinery 包装机械lubrication n.润滑specification n.技术要求actuation n.驱动jerk n.震动,冲击axis n.轴线,心,中心线contour n.外形,轮廓线eccentricity n.偏心度,率gear ration 齿轮速,齿数比topologically adv.拓扑学地customary a.通常的,习惯的correlate v.使相关,使发生关系analog n.=analogue 类似物,模拟linear analog 线性模拟second acceleration 二阶加速度higher acceleration 高阶加速度paraphrase v.释义,意译describe v.叙述,描述,作…运动category n.种类,类别deliberation n.慎重考虑province n.省,领域preconceive v.预想,事先想好analog computer 模拟计算机trace v.追踪,描画timing n.定时,计时,配时pitch v.投掷trajectory n.轨迹embed v.嵌入,夹在层间orientation n.定方位,取方向scoop n.勺子,铲斗, v.挖,掘,铲Lesson 18 Cams and Gears凸轮和齿轮cam n.凸轮gear n.齿轮curve n.曲线 a.弯曲的groove n.槽,沟mate v.配合,啮合cylindrical a.圆柱的two-dimensional or planer 两维的或平面的three-dimensional or spatial 三维的或空间的normal n.法线 a.垂直的complement n,a.余角,余的collinear a.共线的lateral a.横向的,侧向的stem n.杆guide n.导向件器,装置,导槽座intermittent a.间断的,不连续的dwell n,v.停止,小停顿inertial a.惯性的,惯量的engage v.啮合rack n.齿条noncircular a.非圆的conjugate a.共轭的,n.共轭值线cycloidal a.摆线的involved a.渐开线的, n.渐开线tolerance n.间隙,公差spur gear 直齿圆柱轮radial a.径向的,沿半径的offset n,vt.偏移,偏心 a.偏心的disk cam 盘形凸轮tangent n.切线 a.相切的,切线的concentric a.同圆的,同心的camshaft n.凸轮轴pitch curve 节线herringbone a.人字形的intersect v.横穿,相交parallel helical gear斜齿轮,平行轴螺旋齿轮crossed helical gear 交错轴螺旋齿轮face gear 端面齿轮spiral bevel gear 螺旋齿圆锥齿轮worm n.蜗杆skew bevel 斜齿圆锥齿轮hypoid gear 准双曲面直角交错轴双曲面齿轮addendum n.齿顶,齿顶高project v.伸出,突出clearance n.间隙dedendum pl. dedendan.齿根,齿根高tooth space 齿间距backlash n.间隙,齿隙Lesson 19 Screws, fasteners and joints螺纹件、紧固件和联接件screw n.螺钉,螺丝, v.旋紧,攻丝fastener n.紧固件joint n.连联接,接合bolt n.螺栓nut n.螺母cap screw 有头螺钉setscrew n.定位固定,调整螺钉rivet n.铆钉, v.用铆钉铆接key n.键weld n,v.焊接,熔焊braze n,v.钎焊,铜焊clip n.夹子, v.夹住,夹紧synonymous a.同意义的monotonous a.单调的taint n.污点,污染 v.弄脏tough a.坚韧的ductile a.可延伸的,有延展性的,韧性的tighten v.上紧,拉紧twist v.扭转jumbo n.大型喷气式客机titanium n.钛close-tolerance 高精密度的tooling n.工具,刀具 v.用刀具切削加工proliferate v.增殖,增殖assembly n.安装,装配,组件tap n.丝锥, v.攻螺丝stud n.双头螺栓resemble v.类似,像thread n.螺纹线,v.车螺纹drill n,v.钻孔hexagon head 六角头fillister n.凹槽flat head 平头hexagon socket head 六角沉头disassemble v.拆开tensile a.拉张力的,受拉的shear n.剪切力 v.剪切断harden v.使硬化washer n.垫圈preload n.预载荷fatigue n.疲劳micrometer n.千分尺,千分表elongation n.拉伸长modulus n.模数,模量wrench n.扳手dial n.刻度盘fractional a.分数的,小数的Lesson 21 Helical, Worm and Bevel Gears斜齿轮、蜗杆蜗轮和锥齿轮helical gear 斜齿轮worm n.蜗杆,螺杆bevel gear 圆锥齿轮helix n,a.pl. helices 或 helixes 螺旋线,螺旋线的right hand 右手,右旋的helicoid .螺旋面,体,螺旋状,纹的wrap v.缠绕unwind v.解开,展开generate v.产生,展成加工engagement n.啮合,接触diagonal n,a.对角线的objectionable a.该反对的,不能采用的spiral n,a. 螺旋线的,卷线的spiral gear 螺旋齿轮mesh n.啮合worm gear 蜗轮pinion n.小齿轮pitch cylinder 节圆柱concave a.中凹的curvature a.曲率screw-like 像螺丝杆的thread n.线状物,螺纹线envelop v.包围,封闭enclose v.包围lead angle 导角cast v.铸造mill v.铣削outboard a,ad.外侧的,向外pronounced a.明确的,显着的stress n.应力tapered a.锥形的positively ad.确定地,强制传动地Pitch-line velocity 节线速度automobile differential 汽车差速器gearing n.齿轮传动装置offset n.偏置,横距hypoid a.准双曲面的hyperboloid n.双曲面,双曲面体Lesson 22 Shafts, Clutches and Brakes轴、离合器和制动器shaft n.轴clutch n.离合器brake n.制动器pulley n.皮,胶带轮flywheel n.飞轮sprocket n.链轮,星轮bending moment 弯曲力矩torsional a.扭转的static a.静力,态的axle n.心轴,轮轴spindle n.心轴,主轴deflection n.偏移,弯曲fillet n.圆角,倒角peening n.喷射加工硬化法shot peening 喷丸硬化stiff a.刚性的inertia n.惯性,惯量slippage n.滑动actuation n.驱动,开动coefficient n.系数statics n.静力学rim n.边缘,轮缘shoe n.闸瓦,制动片块band n.带,条cone n.圆锥miscellaneous a.混合的,杂项的assume v.假设,承担statical a.=static,静态的equilibrium n.平衡reaction n.反应,反力overload-release clutch 超载释放保护离合器magnetic fluid clutch 磁液离合器shift v.变换,使移动lever n.杆,手柄jaw n.颚板,夹爪ratchet n.棘轮circumferentiallyad v.周围地,圆周地mate v.配合,啮合,联接synchronous a.同步的linear drive 线性驱动装置clicking n.‘卡塔’声freewheel v.空转coupling n.联轴器sleeve n.套筒flat n.平面部分 a.平的periphery n.圆周,周边wedge n.楔形物 v.楔入pawl n.棘爪powder n.粉末mixture n.混合物electromagnetic a.电磁的coil n.线圈excitation n.刺激,激励shearing a.剪切的lockup n.锁住Lesson 41 Definition of Robotics and the Robot System manipulator n.操作器,控制器,机械手peripheral a.周围的,外围的idiot n.白痴integrate v.使成为一体,使结合起来hard automation 刚性自动化a host of 许多Lesson 42 Basics of ComputersIexecute v.执行binary a.二进制的read only memory ROM 只读存储器random access memory RAM读写存储器,随机存储器erasable a.可擦去的volatile a.可丢失的Lesson 43 Basics of Computers二harsh a.恶劣的robust a.稳定的configuration n.结构,组态Morse Code 莫尔斯电码suffice v.足够interference n.干扰fluctuation n.脉动,波动expendable a.可消耗的intermediate a.中间的adaptor n.转换器transformer n.变压器rectifier n.整流器capacitor n.电容器Zener diode 齐纳稳压二极管buffer n.缓冲寄存器come across 碰到Baud rate 波特率Lesson 44 Programmable Controllersalbeit conj.虽然light-emitting diodes 发光二极管relay ladder logic 继电器梯形逻辑图archaically a.古体的,旧式的retention n.保留,保持versed a.熟练的,精通的fluidics n.射流sheer a.完全的,绝对的profligate a.浪费的proprietary a.专利的,专有的boolean expression 布尔表达式Lesson 45 CAD/CAMComputed-aided designCAD n.计算机辅助设计Computed-aided manufacturingCAM n.计算机辅助制造automatic factory n.自动化工厂drafting n.制图Computer-aided engineering n.计算机辅助工程management information systems n.管理信息系统graphics terminal n.图像终端a shared data base n.公用数据库three-dimensional a.三维的keyboard n.键盘lightpen=light pen n.光笔magnify v.放大flip v,n.翻转copy v.拷贝a mirror image 镜像symmetrical a.对称的artwork n.印刷线路原图Geometric modeling n.几何模型制造kinematics n.运动学Lesson 48 Flexible Manufacturing Systemsfexible manufacturing systemsFMS 柔性制造系统flexible manufacturing cellesFMC 柔性制造单元automated guided vehicles 自动搬运小车conveyor n.传送装置pallet loading and unloading carts 上下料小车part program 零件程序data base 数据库data processing networks 数据处理网络inspection program 检测程序robot program 自动机程序real-time control data 实时控制数据the Control hierarchy 控制层次real-time fault recovery 实时故障恢复unmanned operation 无人化操作chip removel 排屑module n.模块,组件intelligent node智能节点。
Principles of Mechanics机械原理
参考——《机械原理（第八版）》孙恒陈作模高等教育出版社个人资料，仅限交流使用，侵权必究IntroductionThis book mainly talk about some Basic theory of machinery. On the whole (总体上)about how to analyze a mechanism in construction结构学，kinematics运动学，Dynamics动力学. And then talk about the basic knowledge of some common mechanism and the analysis, like linkage mechanism, gear mechanism………Machinery机械=machine机器+ mechanism机构（注意名次区分，不用讲）Link构件——motion element（单元体）in mechanismPart零件——manufacture element in machineStructure Analysis of mechanismKinematic pair运动副1.Definition：A kinematic pair is a connection between two bodies that imposes constraints施加约束on their relative movement相对运动.2.Classification:Lower pairs(contact with surfaces)—Revolute pairs (转动副);Prismatic pairs (移动副) Higher pairs(contact with points and lines)Planar kinematic pair平面运动副；spatial kinematic pair空间运动副3.DOF(the degree of freedom自由度)：the number of independent movements it has.(按下面例子用坐标系画图解释) DOF of a rigid body in a plane = 3 (2 translating motion & 1 rotating motion).DOF of a rigid body in space = 6 (3 translating motion & 3 rotating motion) Mechanism1.Including：fixed link机架,driving link原动件，drived link从动件.2.How can a mechanism get the Determined motion确定的运动？F(the DOF) = the number of driving linkMotion Analysis of Mechanism1.known conditions:Machine dimensions（尺寸），pattern of motion of driving link→pattern of motion of drived link(Displacement位移, velocity, acceleration)2.Instantaneous(瞬时的) center of velocity速度瞬心（见机械原理P39）：Definition：Coincidence point重合点;Instantaneous speed瞬时速度is equal；Two mechanism that have relative movementClassification：Absolute Instantaneous center of velocity绝对瞬心（absolute velocity is zero）Relative Instantaneous center of velocity相对顺心Force Analysis of Mechanism1.The force on the machinery:1)Driving force驱动力2)Resistance阻抗力:effective resistance(like: thegravity重力ofWeightin a lift)；detrimental resistance（like:Friction）2.Inertial force惯性力：substitution method of masses质量代换法，substitutional point代换点（具体方法见机械原理课本P57）3.the friction in kinematic pair：1)Prismatic pairs: equivalent coefficient of friction当量摩擦因数f v;total reaction总反力F R；angle of friction摩擦角（重点看课本P59~P60例题）2)Revolute pairs ：circle of friction摩擦圆（看课本p61）Mechanicalefficiencyand balance平衡Mechanicalefficiency效率Formula：课本p75~p76公式Series串联and Parallel并联(课本p77~p78画顺序图解释)Self locking自锁Definition：because of friction，can‘t move no matter how much force. Condition:(课本p79公式，画受力图讲解)Balance of rotor（转子）(联系课程“机械系统动力学mechanical system dynamics”)Type：（用公式和画图表示，课本p86~p88）static Balance of rotor转子静平衡——Inertial force惯性力（和为零）dynamic Balance of rotor转子动平衡——Inertial force,Inertial moment惯性力矩（和均为零）purpose：The unbalance will cause the vibration振动, reduce the mechanical efficiency and the service life?7-4Linkage mechanism（以planarfour-barlinkage（平面四杆机构）为主）1.Structure（用曲柄摇杆机构画图解释）1)Fixed link机架——the link is fixed and can’t move2)Coupler 连杆——the link that don’t connect to the fixed link3)Side link 连架杆——the two link that connect to the fixed link, includingcrank(曲柄can rotate a turn) and rocker(摇杆can just swing in a certain range) 4)Revolute pair——Revolute pair of revolving motion周转副and Revolute pair ofswing motion摆转副2.Type(画图举例解释，见课本P125~128)1)Crank-rocker mechanism曲柄摇杆机构2)Double-crank mechanism双曲柄机构——the wheel of train3)Double-rocker mechanism双摇杆机构——the structure of crane起重机→the three basic types can evolve演化to many other structure：4)Slider-crank mechanism曲柄滑块机构——widely used in machine tool机床3.Some basic knowledge：1)How can A be revolute pair of revolving motion？(画图解释，图8-21见课本p131)杆a + d <= c + d;aorder d is min(→进一步推演出3种基本杆成立的条件)2)Extreme Position极位(图见课本p132)Premise前提：is Crank-rocker mechanism；the crank is the driving link.The position of mechanism when the CD is in C1D and C2D3)Dead point死点(图见课本p135,与极位对比看)：Premise前提：is Crank-rocker mechanism；the rocker is the driving link.The position of mechanism when the CD is in C1D and C2D，and the link AB can’t move in this position，Application：Folding table折叠桌（p135图）Solution: useinertia惯性Cam mechanism1.Definition:A cam is a rotating or sliding piece in a mechanical linkage usedespecially in transformingrotary motion into linear motion or linear motion into rotary motion.2.Structure: cam(driving link) ,follower(推杆drived link),camshaft凸轮轴(Inverse cam mechanism反凸轮机构——the cam is drived link)3.Advantage:Get the expected movement law,Simple structure4.Disadvantage: the contact inhigher pairs，Easy to wear；the Manufacture isdifficult5.Type：(画图解释，图见P168)*plate cam盘形凸轮——the most commonly used cam，Planar mechanism，the cam rotate around the camshaft凸轮轴，the follower does a linear Reciprocation(直线往复运动)cylindrical cam圆柱凸轮——spatialmechanism,the cam is a cylinder with an irregular shape,the follower does a linear Reciprocation.6.other tips1)base circle基圆——the smallest circle with the minimum radius of cam profile凸轮轮廓2)(根据凸轮速度瞬心，联系一下上面瞬心相关知识)Gear mechanism(见机械设计.doc相关部分)Gear train齿轮系1.Definition：consists of a series of gears2.TypeFixed axis gear train定轴轮系：theGear axis is fixedEpicyclic gear train周转轮系：at least one gear axisrotates around the other gearsaxisCompound planetary train 复合轮系：定轴+ 周转3.Advantage：Larger transmission ratio,shunt drive(换向传动/并联驱动),can change speed and direction4.Epicyclic gear train1)Structure:（画图解释，图见p238Sun gear太阳轮the axis is fixedPlanetary gear行星轮the gear axisrotates around the other gears axisPlanet carrier行星架2)Transmission ratio:Inverted gear train周转轮系——the Planetary gear is fixed公式见课本p241。
机械专业英语词汇(很全)
机械专业英语词汇(很全)篇一：机械专业英语词汇(很全)金属机械专业英语词汇（很全）切削 metal cutting机床 machine tool金属工艺学 technology of metals刀具 cutter摩擦 friction联结 link传动 drive/transmission轴 shaft弹性 elasticity频率特性 frequency characteristic误差 error响应 response定位 allocation机床夹具 jig动力学 dynamic运动学 kinematic静力学 static分析力学 analyse mechanics拉伸 pulling压缩 hitting剪切 shear扭转 twist弯曲应力 bending stress强度 intensity三相交流电 three-phase AC磁路 magnetic circles变压器 transformer异步电动机 asynchronous motor几何形状 geometrical精度 precision正弦形的 sinusoid交流电路 AC circuit机械加工余量 machining allowance 变形力 deforming force变形 deformation应力 stress硬度 rigidity热处理 heat treatment退火 anneal正火 normalizing脱碳 decarburization渗碳 carburization电路 circuit半导体元件 semiconductor element 反馈 feedback发生器 generator直流电源 DC electrical source门电路 gate circuit逻辑代数 logic algebra外圆磨削 external grinding内圆磨削 internal grinding平面磨削 plane grinding变速箱 gearbox离合器 clutch绞孔 fraising螺纹加工 thread processing螺钉 screw铣削 mill铣刀 milling cutter功率 power工件 workpiece齿轮加工 gear mechining齿轮 gear主运动 main movement主运动方向 direction of main movement进给方向 direction of feed进给运动 feed movement合成进给运动 resultant movement of feed合成切削运动 resultant movement of cutting合成切削运动方向 direction of resultant movement of cutting 切削深度 cutting depth前刀面 rake face刀尖 nose of tool机械专业词汇：hardenability 淬透性carbide tool 硬质合金刀具alloy tool steel 合金工具钢alloyed cast iron 合金铸铁carbon steel 碳素钢carbon tool steel 碳素工具钢cast iron 铸铁cast steel 铸钢die material 模具材料high alloy steel 高合金钢high carbon steel 高碳钢low alloy steel 低合金钢low carbon steel 低碳钢shock resistant tool steel 抗冲击工具钢 nodular graphite iron 球墨铸铁 malleable cast iron 可锻铸铁mottled cast iron 麻口铸铁hardenability curve 淬透性曲线hardening capacity 淬硬性（硬化能力） hardness penetration diagram “Ｕ”形曲线 hardness profile 硬度分布（硬度梯度） heat treatment procedure 热处理规范 heat treatment installation 热处理设备 heat treatment furnace 热处理炉 heat treatment cycle 热处理工艺周期 heat time 加热时间篇二：机械专业术语(英语)组装、冲压、喷漆等专业词汇Assembly line组装线 Layout布置图Conveyer流水线物料板 Rivet table拉钉机 Rivet gun拉钉枪 Screw driver起子Electric screw driver电动起子 Pneumatic screw driver气动起子worktable 工作桌 OOBA开箱检查fit together组装在一起 fasten锁紧(螺丝) fixture 夹具(治具) pallet 栈板 barcode条码barcode scanner条码扫描器 fuse together熔合 fuse machine热熔机repair修理 operator作业员 QC品管supervisor 课长 ME制造工程师 MT制造生技cosmetic inspect外观检查 inner parts inspect内部检查 thumb screw 大头螺丝 lbs. inch镑、英寸 EMI gasket导电条front plate前板 rear plate后板 chassis 基座 bezel panel面板power button电源按键 reset button重置键Hi-pot test of SPS高源高压测试 Voltage switch of SPS 电源电压接拉键sheet metal parts 冲件 plastic parts塑胶件 SOP制造作业程序material check list物料检查表 work cell工作间 trolley台车 carton 纸箱 sub-line支线 left fork叉车personnel resource department 人力资源部production department生产部门 planning department企划部 QC Section品管科stamping factory冲压厂 painting factory烤漆厂 molding factory成型厂common equipment常用设备 uncoiler and straightener整平机 punching machine 冲床 robot机械手hydraulic machine油压机 lathe车床 planer | plein #61611;|刨床miller铣床 grinder磨床 driller钻床linear cutting线切割 electrical sparkle电火花 welder电焊机staker=reviting machine铆合机 position职务 president董事长general manager总经理special assistant manager特助 factory director厂长 department director部长deputy manager | =vice manager副理 section supervisor课长deputy section supervisor =vice section superisor副课长group leader/supervisor组长 line supervisor线长 assistant manager助理to move, to carry, to handle搬运 be put in storage入库 pack packing包装 to apply oil擦油 to file burr 锉毛刺 final inspection终检 to connect material接料 to reverse material 翻料 wet station沾湿台 Tiana天那水cleaning cloth抹布 to load material上料 to unload material卸料to return material/stock to退料 scraped | skr aelig;pid|报废scrape ..v.刮;削deficient purchase来料不良 manufacture procedure制程deficient manufacturing procedure制程不良oxidation | ksi dei #61611;n|氧化 scratch刮伤 dents压痕defective upsiding down抽芽不良 defective to staking铆合不良embedded lump镶块feeding is not in place送料不到位 stamping-missing漏冲 production capacity生产力education and training教育与训练 proposal improvement提案改善spare parts=buffer备件 forklift叉车trailer=long vehicle拖板车 compound die合模 die locker锁模器pressure plate=plate pinch压板 bolt螺栓name of a department部门名称administration/general affairs dept总务部automatic screwdriver电动启子 thickness gauge厚薄规gauge(or jig)治具 power wire电源线 buzzle蜂鸣器defective product label不良标签 identifying sheet list标示单screwdriver holder起子插座 pedal踩踏板 stopper阻挡器 flow board流水板hydraulic handjack油压板车 forklift叉车 pallet栈板 glove(s)手套glove(s) with exposed fingers割手套thumb大拇指 forefinger食指midfinger中指 ring finger无名指 little finger小指 band-aid创可贴industrial alcohol工业酒精 alcohol container沾湿台 head of screwdriver起子头 sweeper扫把 mop拖把vaccum cleaner吸尘器 rag 抹布garbage container灰箕 garbage can垃圾箱 garbage bag垃圾袋 chain 链条 jack升降机 production line流水线 chain链条槽magnetizer加磁器 lamp holder灯架 to mop the floor拖地 to clean the floor扫地 to clean a table擦桌子 air pipe 气管packaging tool打包机 packaging打包 missing part漏件 wrong part错件excessive defects过多的缺陷 critical defect极严重缺陷 major defect主要缺陷 minor defect次要缺陷not up to standard不合规格dimension/size is a little bigger尺寸偏大(小)cosmetic defect外观不良slipped screwhead/slippery screw head螺丝滑头slipped screwhead/shippery screw thread滑手 speckle斑点mildewed=moldy=mouldy发霉 rust生锈deformation变形burr(金属)flash(塑件)毛边 poor staking铆合不良 excesssive gap间隙过大 grease/oil stains油污 inclusion杂质painting peel off脏污 shrinking/shrinkage缩水 mixed color杂色scratch划伤poor processing 制程不良 poor incoming part事件不良 fold of pakaging belt打包带折皱 painting make-up补漆 discoloration羿色water spots水渍polishing/surface processing表面处理 exposed metal/bare metal金属裸露 lack of painting烤漆不到位 safety安全 quality品质delivery deadline交货期 cost成本engineering工程 die repair模修enterprise plan = enterprise expansion projects企划 QC品管die worker模工production, to produce生产 equipment设备 to start a press开机stop/switch off a press关机 classification整理 regulation整顿cleanness清扫 conservation清洁 culture教养 qualified products, up-to-grade products良品defective products, not up-to-grade products不良品 waste废料board看板 feeder送料机sliding rack滑料架defective product box不良品箱 die change 换模 to fix a die装模to take apart a die拆模 to repair a die修模 packing material包材basket蝴蝶竺 plastic basket胶筐isolating plate baffle plate; barricade隔板carton box纸箱to pull and stretch拉深to put material in place, to cut material, to input落料to impose lines压线to compress, compressing压缩 character die字模 to feed, feeding 送料 transportation运输(be)qualfied, up to grade合格not up to grade, not qualified不合格 material change, stock change材料变更feature change 特性变更 evaluation评估prepare for, make preparations for 准备parameters参数rotating speed, revolution转速manufacture management制造管理 abnormal handling异常处理production unit生产单位 lots of production生产批量 steel plate钢板roll material卷料manufacture procedure制程 operation procedure作业流程 to revise, modify修订to switch over to, switch---to throw--over switching over切换engineering, project difficulty 工程瓶颈stage die工程模 automation自动化to stake, staking, reviting铆合 add lubricating oil加润滑油 shut die架模shut height of a die架模高度 analog-mode device类模器 die lifter 举模器 argon welding氩焊 vocabulary for stamping 冲压常词汇stamping, press冲压punch press, dieing out press冲床 uncoiler strainghtener整平机feeder送料机rack, shelf, stack料架 cylinder油缸 robot机械手 taker取料机conveyer belt输送带 transmission rack输送架 top stop上死点bottom stop下死点 one stroke一行程 inch寸动to continue, cont.连动 to grip(material)吸料location lump, locating piece, block stop 定位块 reset复位smoothly顺利 dent压痕 scratch刮伤deformation变形 filings铁削to draw holes抽孔 inquiry, search for查寻to stock, storage, in stock库存 receive领取approval examine and verify审核 processing, to process加工delivery, to deliver 交货 to return delivey to.to send delinery backto retrn of goods退货registration登记registration card登记卡 to control管制to put forward and hand in提报 safe stock安全库存acceptance = receive验收 to notice通知application form for purchase请购单 consume, consumption消耗 to fill in填写 abrasion磨损reverse angle = chamfer倒角 character die字模to collect, to gather收集 failure, trouble故障 statistics统计demand and supply需求 career card履历卡to take apart a die卸下模具 to load a die装上模具 to tight a bolt 拧紧螺栓 to looser a bolt拧松螺栓to move away a die plate移走模板 easily damaged parts易损件standard parts标准件breaking.(be)broken,(be)cracked 断裂 to lubricate润滑 common vocabulary for die engineering模具工程常用词汇die 模具figure file, chart file图档cutting die, blanking die冲裁模 progressive die, follow (-on)die 连续模compound die复合模 punched hole冲孔 panel board镶块to cutedges=side cut=side scrap切边 to bending折弯to pull, to stretch拉伸Line streching, line pulling线拉伸 engraving, to engrave刻印upsiding down edges翻边 to stake铆合designing, to design design modification设计变化 die block模块folded block折弯块 sliding block滑块 location pin定位销 lifting pin顶料销die plate, front board模板 padding block垫块 stepping bar垫条upper die base上模座 lower die base下模座upper supporting blank上承板 upper padding plate blank上垫板spare dies模具备品 spring 弹簧 bolt螺栓document folder文件夹to put file in order整理资料 spare tools location手工备品仓 first count初盘人first check初盘复棹人 second count 复盘人 second check复盘复核人equipment设备 waste materials废料work in progress product在制品 casing = containerazation装箱quantity of physical invetory second count 复盘点数量quantity of customs count 会计师盘,点数量 the first page第一联filed by accounting department for reference会计部存查end-user/using unit(department)使用单位summary of year-end physical inventory bills年终盘点截止单据汇总表 bill name单据名称This sheet and physical inventory list will be sent to accounting department together (Those of NHK will be sent to financial department)本表请与盘点清册一起送会计部－(NHK厂区送财会部)Application status records of year-end physical inventory card 年终盘点卡与清册使用－状况明细表 blank and waste sheet NO. 空白与作废单号 plate电镀 mold成型material for engineering mold testing工程试模材料not included in physical inventory不列入盘点sample样品incoming material to be inspected进货待验description品名steel/rolled steel钢材 material statistics sheet 物料统计明细表meeting minutes会议记录 meeting type 会别distribution department分发单位 location地点 chairman主席present members出席人员 subject主题 conclusion结论decision items决议事项responsible department负责单位 pre-fixed finishing date预定完成日approved by / checked by / prepared by核准/审核/承办PCE assembly production schedule PCE组装厂生产排配表 model机锺work order工令 revision版次 remark备注production control confirmation生产确认checked by初审 approved by核准 department部门stock age analysis sheet 库存货龄分析表on-hand inventory现有库存 available material良品可使用 obsolete material良品已呆滞 to be inspected or reworked 待验或重工 total合计 cause description原因说明 part number/ P/N 料号 type形态item/group/class类别 quality品质 prepared by制表 notes说明year-end physical inventory difference analysis sheet 年终盘点差异分析表physical inventory盘点数量 physical count quantity帐面数量difference quantity差异量 raw materials原料 materials物料finished product成品semi-finished product半成品 packing materials包材good product/accepted goods/ accepted parts/good parts良品defective product/non-good parts不良品disposed goods处理品 warehouse/hub仓库 on way location在途仓oversea location海外仓spare parts physical inventory list备品盘点清单spare molds location模具备品仓 skid/pallet栈板 tox machine自铆机wire EDM线割 EDM放电机 coil stock卷料 sheet stock片料 tolerance工差 score=groove压线 cam block滑块 pilot导正筒 trim剪外边 pierce剪内边 drag form压锻差pocket for the punch head挂钩槽 slug hole废料孔expansion dwg展开图 radius半径shim(wedge)楔子torch-flame cut火焰切割 set screw止付螺丝 form block折刀 stop pin定位销round pierce punch=die button圆冲子shape punch=die insert异形子stock locater block定位块 under cut=scrap chopper清角 active plate 活动板 baffle plate挡块 cover plate盖板 male die公模 female die母模 groove punch压线冲子air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆 spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板bushing block衬套 insert 入块club car高尔夫球车 capability能力 parameter参数 factor系数phosphate皮膜化成 viscosity涂料粘度 alkalidipping脱脂main manifold主集流脉 bezel斜视规 blanking穿落模 demagnetization 去磁;消磁high-speed transmission高速传递 heat dissipation热传 rack上料degrease脱脂 rinse水洗alkaline etch龄咬 desmut剥黑膜 D.I. rinse纯水次 Chromate铬酸处理Anodize阳性处理 seal封孔 revision版次part number/P/N料号 good products良品scraped products报放心品 defective products不良品 finished products成品 disposed products处理品 barcode条码flow chart流程表单 assembly组装 stamping冲压 molding成型spare parts=buffer备品 coordinate座标dismantle the die折模 auxiliary fuction辅助功能 poly-line多义线heater band 加热片 thermocouple热电偶 grit 砂砾derusting machine除锈机 degate打浇口 dryer烘干机 induction感应 induction light感应光response=reaction=interaction感应ram连杆edge finder巡边器 concave凸 convex凹short射料不足 nick缺口 speck瑕 shine亮班 splay 银纹 gas mark焦痕 delamination起鳞 cold slug冷块 blush 导色gouge沟槽;凿槽satin texture段面咬花 witness line证示线 patent专利 grit沙砾granule=peuet=grain细粒 grit maker抽粒机 cushion缓冲magnalium镁铝合金 magnesium镁金 metal plate钣金 mill锉 plane刨grind磨 drill铝 boring镗 blinster气泡 fillet镶;嵌边through-hole form通孔形式 voller pin formality滚针形式 cam driver 铡楔 shank摸柄crank shaft曲柄轴augular offset角度偏差 velocity速度production tempo生产进度现状 torque扭矩spline=the multiple keys花键 quenching淬火 tempering回火annealing退火 carbonization碳化 alloy合金tungsten high speed steel钨高速的moly high speed steel钼高速的organic solvent有机溶剂 bracket小磁导 liaison联络单 volatile挥发性resistance电阻 ion离子titrator滴定仪篇三：英文版机械专业术语(全)组装、冲压、喷漆等专业词汇Assembly line组装线 Layout布置图Conveyer流水线物料板 Rivet table拉钉机 Rivet gun拉钉枪 Screw driver起子Electric screw driver电动起子 Pneumatic screw driver气动起子worktable 工作桌 OOBA开箱检查fit together组装在一起 fasten锁紧(螺丝) fixture 夹具(治具) pallet 栈板 barcode条码barcode scanner条码扫描器 fuse together熔合 fuse machine热熔机repair修理 operator作业员 QC品管supervisor 课长 ME制造工程师 MT制造生技cosmetic inspect外观检查 inner parts inspect内部检查 thumb screw 大头螺丝 lbs. inch镑、英寸 EMI gasket导电条front plate前板 rear plate后板 chassis 基座 bezel panel面板power button电源按键 reset button重置键 Hi-pot test of SPS高源高压测试 Voltage switch of SPS 电源电压接拉键 sheet metal parts 冲件plastic parts塑胶件 SOP制造作业程序 material check list物料检查表work cell工作间 trolley台车 carton纸箱 sub-line支线left fork叉车 personnel resource department 人力资源部 production department生产部门 planning department企划部 QC Section品管科stamping factory冲压厂 painting factory烤漆厂 molding factory成型厂common equipment常用设备 uncoiler and straightener整平机 punching machine 冲床 robot机械手 hydraulic machine油压机 lathe车床 planer | plein #61611;|刨床 miller铣床 grinder磨床 driller钻床 linearcutting线切割 electrical sparkle电火花 welder电焊机 staker=reviting machine铆合机 position职务 president董事长 general manager总经理special assistant manager特助 factory director厂长 department director部长 deputy manager | =vice manager副理 section supervisor课长deputy section supervisor =vice section superisor副课长 group leader/supervisor组长 line supervisor线长 assistant manager助理 to move, to carry, to handle搬运 be put in storage入库 pack packing包装 to apply oil擦油 to file burr 锉毛刺 final inspection终检 to connect material接料 to reverse material 翻料 wet station沾湿台Tiana天那水 cleaning cloth抹布 to load material上料 to unload material卸料to return material/stock to退料 scraped | skr aelig;pid|报废scrape ..v.刮;削deficient purchase来料不良 manufacture procedure制程deficient manufacturing procedure制程不良oxidation | ksi dei #61611;n|氧化 scratch刮伤 dents压痕defective upsiding down抽芽不良 defective to staking铆合不良embedded lump镶块feeding is not in place送料不到位 stamping-missing漏冲 production capacity生产力education and training与训练 proposal improvement提案改善 spare parts=buffer备件 forklift叉车trailer=long vehicle拖板车 compound die合模 die locker锁模器pressure plate=plate pinch压板 bolt螺栓name of a department部门名称administration/general affairs dept总务部automatic screwdriver电动启子 thickness gauge厚薄规 gauge(or jig)治具power wire电源线 buzzle蜂鸣器defective product label不良标签 identifying sheet list标示单screwdriver holder起子插座 pedal踩踏板 stopper阻挡器 flow board流水板hydraulic handjack油压板车 forklift叉车 pallet栈板 glove(s)手套glove(s) with exposed fingers割手套thumb大拇指 forefinger食指midfinger中指 ring finger无名指 little finger小指 band-aid创可贴iudustrial alcohol工业酒精 alcohol container沾湿台 head of screwdriver起子头 sweeper扫把 mop拖把vaccum cleaner吸尘器 rag 抹布garbage container灰箕 garbage can垃圾箱 garbage bag垃圾袋 chain 链条 jack升降机production line流水线 chain链条槽magnetizer加磁器 lamp holder灯架 to mop the floor拖地 to clean the floor扫地 to clean a table擦桌子 air pipe 气管packaging tool打包机 packaging打包 missing part漏件 wrong part错件excessive defects过多的缺陷 critical defect极严重缺陷 major defect主要缺陷 minor defect次要缺陷not up to standard不合规格dimension/size is a little bigger尺寸偏大(小)cosmetic defect外观不良slipped screwhead/slippery screw head螺丝滑头slipped screwhead/shippery screw thread滑手 speckle斑点mildewed=moldy=mouldy发霉 rust生锈deformation变形burr(金属)flash(塑件)毛边 poor staking铆合不良 excesssive gap间隙过大 grease/oil stains油污 inclusion杂质 painting peel off脏污shrinking/shrinkage缩水 mixed color杂色 scratch划伤poor processing 制程不良 poor incoming part事件不良 fold of pakaging belt打包带折皱 painting make-up补漆 discoloration羿色water spots水渍polishing/surface processing表面处理 exposed metal/bare metal金属裸露 lack of painting烤漆不到位 safety安全 quality品质delivery deadline交货期 cost成本engineering工程 die repair模修enterprise plan = enterprise expansion projects企划 QC品管die worker模工production, to produce生产 equipment设备 to start a press开机stop/switch off a press关机 classification整理 regulation整顿cleanness清扫 conservation清洁 culture教养 qualified products, up-to-grade products良品defective products, not up-to-grade products不良品 waste废料board看板 feeder送料机sliding rack滑料架defective product box不良品箱 die change 换模 to fix a die装模to take apart a die拆模 to repair a die修模 packing material包材basket蝴蝶竺 plastic basket胶筐isolating plate baffle plate; barricade隔板carton box纸箱to pull and stretch拉深to put material in place, to cut material, to input落料to impose lines压线to compress, compressing压缩 character die字模 to feed, feeding 送料 transportation运输(be)qualfied, up to grade合格not up to grade, not qualified不合格 material change, stock change材料变更feature change 特性变更evaluation评估prepare for, make preparations for 准备parameters参数rotating speed, revolution转速manufacture management制造管理 abnormal handling异常处理production unit生产单位 lots of production生产批量 steel plate钢板roll material卷料manufacture procedure制程 operation procedure作业流程 to revise, modify修订to switch over to, switch---to throw--over switching over切换engineering, project difficulty 工程瓶颈stage die工程模 automation自动化to stake, staking, reviting铆合 add lubricating oil加润滑油 shut die架模shut height of a die架模高度 analog-mode device类模器 die lifter 举模器 argon welding氩焊 vocabulary for stamping 冲压常词汇stamping, press冲压punch press, dieing out press冲床 uncoiler strainghtener整平机feeder送料机rack, shelf, stack料架 cylinder油缸 robot机械手 taker取料机conveyer belt输送带 transmission rack输送架 top stop上死点bottom stop下死点 one stroke一行程 inch寸动to continue, cont.连动 to grip(material)吸料location lump, locating piece, block stop 定位块 reset复位smoothly顺利 dent压痕 scratch刮伤deformation变形 filings铁削to draw holes抽孔 inquiry, search for查寻to stock, storage, in stock库存 receive领取approval examine and verify审核 processing, to process加工delivery, to deliver 交货 to return delivey to.to send delinery backto retrn of goods退货 registration登记registration card登记卡 to control管制to put forward and hand in提报 safe stock安全库存acceptance = receive验收 to noticeapplication form for purchase请购单 consume, consumption消耗 to fill in填写 abrasion磨损reverse angle = chamfer倒角 character die字模to collect, to gather收集 failure, trouble故障 statistics统计demand and supply需求 career card履历卡to take apart a die卸下模具 to load a die装上模具 to tight a bolt 拧紧螺栓 to looser a bolt拧松螺栓to move away a die plate移走模板 easily damaged parts易损件standard parts标准件breaking.(be)broken,(be)cracked 断裂 to lubricate润滑common vocabulary for die engineering模具工程常用词汇 die 模具figure file, chart file图档cutting die, blanking die冲裁模 progressive die, follow (-on)die 连续模compound die复合模 punched hole冲孔 panel board镶块to cutedges=side cut=side scrap切边 to bending折弯to pull, to stretch拉伸Line streching, line pulling线拉伸 engraving, to engrave刻印upsiding down edges翻边 to stake铆合designing, to design设计 design modification设计变化 die block模块folded block折弯块 sliding block滑块 location pin定位销 lifting pin顶料销die plate, front board模板 padding block垫块 stepping bar垫条upper die base上模座 lower die base下模座upper supporting blank上承板 upper padding plate blank上垫板spare dies模具备品 spring 弹簧 bolt螺栓document folder文件夹 file folder资料夹to put file in order整理资料spare tools location手工备品仓 first count初盘人first check初盘复棹人 second count 复盘人 second check复盘复核人equipment设备 waste materials废料work in progress product在制品 casing = containerazation装箱quantity of physical invetory second count 复盘点数量quantity of customs count 会计师盘,点数量 the first page第一联filed by accounting department for reference会计部存查end-user/using unit(department)使用单位summary of year-end physical inventory bills年终盘点截止单据汇总表 bill name单据名称This sheet and physical inventory list will be sent to accounting department together (Those of NHK will be sent to financial department)本表请与盘点清册一起送会计部－(NHK厂区送财会部)Application status records of year-end physical inventory List and physical inventory card 年终盘点卡与清册使用－状况明细表 blank and waste sheet NO. 空白与作废单号 plate电镀 mold成型material for engineering mold testing工程试模材料not included in physical inventory不列入盘点sample样品incoming material to be inspected进货待验description品名steel/rolled steel钢材 material statistics sheet 物料统计明细表meeting minutes会议记录 meeting type 会别distribution department分发单位 location地点 chairman主席present members出席人员 subject主题 conclusion结论decision items决议事项responsible department负责单位 pre-fixed finishing date预定完成日approved by / checked by / prepared by核准/审核/承办PCE assembly production schedule sheetPCE组装厂生产排配表 model机锺 work order工令 revision版次 remark 备注production control confirmation生产确认checked by初审 approved by核准 department部门stock age analysis sheet 库存货龄分析表on-hand inventory现有库存 available material良品可使用 obsolete material良品已呆滞 to be inspected or reworked 待验或重工 total合计 cause description原因说明 part number/ P/N 料号 type形态item/group/class类别 quality品质 prepared by制表 notes说明year-end physical inventory difference analysis sheet 年终盘点差异分析表physical inventory盘点数量 physical count quantity帐面数量difference quantity差异量 cause analysis原因分析 raw materials原料materials物料finished product成品semi-finished product半成品 packing materials包材good product/accepted goods/ accepted parts/good parts良品defective product/non-good parts不良品disposed goods处理品 warehouse/hub仓库 on way location在途仓oversea location海外仓spare parts physical inventory list备品盘点清单spare molds location模具备品仓 skid/pallet栈板 tox machine自铆机wire EDM线割 EDM放电机 coil stock卷料 sheet stock片料 tolerance工差 score=groove压线 cam block滑块 pilot导正筒 trim剪外边 pierce剪内边 drag form压锻差pocket for the punch head挂钩槽 slug hole废料孔 feature die公母模 expansion dwg展开图radius半径shim(wedge)楔子torch-flame cut火焰切割 set screw止付螺丝 form block折刀 stop pin定位销round pierce punch=die button圆冲子 shape punch=die insert异形子stock locater block定位块 under cut=scrap chopper清角 active plate 活动板 baffle plate挡块 cover plate盖板 male die公模 female die母模 groove punch压线冲子air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆 spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板bushing block衬套 insert 入块club car高尔夫球车 capability能力 parameter参数 factor系数phosphate皮膜化成 viscosity涂料粘度 alkalidipping脱脂main manifold主集流脉 bezel斜视规 blanking穿落模 dejecting顶固模 demagnetization去磁;消磁 high-speed transmission高速传递 heat dissipation热传 rack上料 degrease脱脂 rinse水洗alkaline etch龄咬 desmut剥黑膜 D.I. rinse纯水次 Chromate铬酸处理Anodize阳性处理 seal封孔 revision版次part number/P/N料号 good products良品scraped products报放心品 defective products不良品 finished products成品 disposed products处理品 barcode条码flow chart流程表单 assembly组装 stamping冲压 molding成型spare parts=buffer备品 coordinate座标dismantle the die折模 auxiliary fuction辅助功能 poly-line多义线heater band 加热片 thermocouple热电偶 sand blasting喷沙 grit 砂砾derusting machine除锈机 degate打浇口 dryer烘干机 induction感应induction light感应光response=reaction=interaction感应 ram连杆edge finder巡边器 concave凸 convex凹short射料不足 nick缺口 speck瑕 shine亮班 splay 银纹 gas mark焦痕 delamination起鳞 cold slug冷块 blush 导色gouge沟槽;凿槽satin texture段面咬花 witness line证示线 patent专利 grit沙砾granule=peuet=grain细粒 grit maker抽粒机 cushion缓冲magnalium镁铝合金 magnesium镁金 metal plate钣金 lathe车 mill锉plane刨 grind磨 drill铝 boring镗 blinster气泡 fillet镶;嵌边through-hole form通孔形式 voller pin formality滚针形式 cam driver 铡楔 shank摸柄crank shaft曲柄轴augular offset角度偏差 velocity速度production tempo生产进度现状 torque扭矩spline=the multiple keys花键 quenching淬火 tempering回火annealing退火 carbonization碳化 alloy合金tungsten high speed steel钨高速的moly high speed steel钼高速的organic solvent有机溶剂 bracket小磁导 liaison联络单 volatile挥发性resistance电阻 ion离子titrator滴定仪 beacon警示灯 coolant冷却液。
力学名词英语翻译
力学名词英语翻译力学名词英语翻译力学名词英语翻译力学mechanics 牛顿力学newtonian mechanics经典力学classical mechanics静力学statics运动学kinematics动力学dynamics动理学kinetics宏观力学macroscopic mechanics,macromechanics 细观力学mesomechanics微观力学microscopic mechanics,micromechanics 一般力学general mechanics固体力学solid mechanics流体力学fluid mechanics理论力学theoretical mechanics应用力学applied mechanics工程力学engineering mechanics实验力学experimental mechanics计算力学computational mechanics理性力学rational mechanics物理力学physical mechanics地球动力学geodynamics力force作用点point of action作用线line of action力系system of forces力系的简化reduction of force system 等效力系equivalent force system刚体rigid body力的可传性transmissibility of force 平行四边形定则parallelogram rule 力三角形force triangle力多边形force polygon零力系null-force system平衡equilibrium力的平衡equilibrium of forces平衡条件equilibrium condition平衡位置equilibrium position平衡态equilibrium state分析力学analytical mechanics拉格朗日乘子lagrange multiplier拉格朗日[量] lagrangian拉格朗日括号lagrange bracket循环坐标cyclic coordinate循环积分cyclic integral哈密顿[量] hamiltonian哈密顿函数hamiltonian function正则方程canonical equation正则摄动canonical perturbation正则变换canonical transformation正则变量canonical variable哈密顿原理hamilton principle作用量积分action integral哈密顿--雅可比方程hamilton-jacobi equation 作用--角度变量action-angle variables阿佩尔方程appell equation劳斯方程routh equation拉格朗日函数lagrangian function诺特定理noether theorem泊松括号poisson bracket边界积分法boundary integral method并矢dyad运动稳定性stability of motion轨道稳定性orbital stability李雅普诺夫函数lyapunov function渐近稳定性asymptotic stability结构稳定性structural stability久期不稳定性secular instability弗洛凯定理floquet theorem倾覆力矩capsizing moment自由振动free vibration固有振动natural vibration暂态transient state环境振动ambient vibration反共振anti-resonance衰减attenuation库仑阻尼coulomb damping同相分量in-phase component非同相分量out-of-phase component超调量overshoot参量[激励]振动parametric vibration模糊振动fuzzy vibration临界转速critical speed of rotation阻尼器damper半峰宽度half-peak width集总参量系统lumped parameter system相平面法phase plane method相轨迹phase trajectory等倾线法isocline method跳跃现象jump phenomenon负阻尼negative damping达芬方程duffing equation希尔方程hill equationkbm方法kbm method, krylov-bogoliu-bov-mitropol'skii method马蒂厄方程mathieu equation平均法averaging method组合音调combination tone解谐detuning耗散函数dissipative function硬激励hard excitation硬弹簧hard spring, hardening spring谐波平衡法harmonic balance method久期项secular term自激振动self-excited vibration分界线separatrix亚谐波subharmonic软弹簧soft spring ,softening spring软激励soft excitation邓克利公式dunkerley formula瑞利定理rayleigh theorem分布参量系统distributed parameter system优势频率dominant frequency模态分析modal analysis固有模态natural mode of vibration同步synchronization超谐波ultraharmonic范德波尔方程van der pol equation频谱frequency spectrum基频fundamental frequencywkb方法wkb method, wentzel-kramers-brillouin method 缓冲器buffer风激振动aeolian vibration嗡鸣buzz倒谱cepstrum颤动chatter蛇行hunting阻抗匹配impedance matching机械导纳mechanical admittance机械效率mechanical efficiency机械阻抗mechanical impedance随机振动stochastic vibration, random vibration 隔振vibration isolation减振vibration reduction应力过冲stress overshoot喘振surge摆振shimmy起伏运动phugoid motion起伏振荡phugoid oscillation驰振galloping陀螺动力学gyrodynamics陀螺摆gyropendulum陀螺平台gyroplatform陀螺力矩gyroscoopic torque陀螺稳定器gyrostabilizer陀螺体gyrostat惯性导航inertial guidance姿态角attitude angle方位角azimuthal angle舒勒周期schuler period机器人动力学robot dynamics多体系统multibody system多刚体系统multi-rigid-body system机动性maneuverability凯恩方法kane method转子[系统]动力学rotor dynamics转子[一支承一基础]系统rotor-support-foundation system 静平衡static balancing动平衡dynamic balancing静不平衡static unbalance动不平衡dynamic unbalance现场平衡field balancing不平衡unbalance不平衡量unbalance互耦力cross force挠性转子flexible rotor分频进动fractional frequency precession半频进动half frequency precession油膜振荡oil whip转子临界转速rotor critical speed自动定心self-alignment亚临界转速subcritical speed涡动whirl连续过程continuous process碰撞截面collision cross section通用气体常数conventional gas constant 燃烧不稳定性combustion instability稀释度dilution完全离解complete dissociation火焰传播flame propagation组份constituent碰撞反应速率collision reaction rate燃烧理论combustion theory浓度梯度concentration gradient阴极腐蚀cathodic corrosion火焰速度flame speed火焰驻定flame stabilization火焰结构flame structure着火ignition湍流火焰turbulent flame层流火焰laminar flame燃烧带burning zone渗流flow in porous media, seepage达西定律darcy law赫尔-肖流hele-shaw flow毛[细]管流capillary flow过滤filtration爪进fingering不互溶驱替immiscible displacement不互溶流体immiscible fluid互溶驱替miscible displacement互溶流体miscible fluid迁移率mobility流度比mobility ratio渗透率permeability孔隙度porosity多孔介质porous medium比面specific surface迂曲度tortuosity空隙void空隙分数void fraction注水water flooding可湿性wettability地球物理流体动力学geophysical fluid dynamics 物理海洋学physical oceanography大气环流atmospheric circulation海洋环流ocean circulation海洋流ocean current旋转流rotating flow平流advection埃克曼流ekman flow埃克曼边界层ekman boundary layer大气边界层atmospheric boundary layer大气-海洋相互作用atmosphere-ocean interaction 埃克曼数ekman number罗斯贝数rossby unmber罗斯贝波rossby wave斜压性baroclinicity正压性barotropy内磨擦internal friction海洋波ocean wave盐度salinity环境流体力学environmental fluid mechanics斯托克斯流stokes flow羽流plume理查森数richardson number污染源pollutant source污染物扩散pollutant diffusion噪声noise噪声级noise level噪声污染noise pollution排放物effulent工业流体力学industrical fluid mechanics流控技术fluidics轴向流axial flow并向流co-current flow对向流counter current flow横向流cross flow螺旋流spiral flow旋拧流swirling flow滞后流after flow混合层mixing layer抖振buffeting风压wind pressure附壁效应wall attachment effect, coanda effect简约频率reduced frequency爆炸力学mechanics of explosion终点弹道学terminal ballistics动态超高压技术dynamic ultrahigh pressure technique 流体弹塑性体hydro-elastoplastic medium热塑不稳定性thermoplastic instability空中爆炸explosion in air地下爆炸underground explosion水下爆炸underwater explosion电爆炸discharge-induced explosion激光爆炸laser-induced explosion核爆炸nuclear explosion点爆炸point-source explosion殉爆sympathatic detonation强爆炸intense explosion粒子束爆炸explosion by beam radiation 聚爆implosion起爆initiation of explosion爆破blasting霍普金森杆hopkinson bar电炮electric gun电磁炮electromagnetic gun爆炸洞explosion chamber轻气炮light gas gun马赫反射mach reflection基浪base surge成坑cratering能量沉积energy deposition爆心explosion center爆炸当量explosion equivalent火球fire ball爆高height of burst蘑菇云mushroom侵彻penetration规则反射regular reflection崩落spallation应变率史strain rate history流变学rheology聚合物减阻drag reduction by polymers 挤出[物]胀大extrusion swell, die swell无管虹吸tubeless siphon剪胀效应dilatancy effect孔压[误差]效应hole-pressure[error]effect 剪切致稠shear thickening剪切致稀shear thinning触变性thixotropy反触变性anti-thixotropy超塑性superplasticity粘弹塑性材料viscoelasto-plastic material 滞弹性材料anelastic material本构关系constitutive relation麦克斯韦模型maxwell model沃伊特-开尔文模型voigt-kelvin model宾厄姆模型bingham model奥伊洛特模型oldroyd model幂律模型power law model应力松驰stress relaxation应变史strain history应力史stress history记忆函数memory function衰退记忆fading memory应力增长stress growing粘度函数voscosity function相对粘度relative viscosity复态粘度complex viscosity拉伸粘度elongational viscosity拉伸流动elongational flow第一法向应力差first normal-stress difference第二法向应力差second normal-stress difference 德博拉数deborah number魏森贝格数weissenberg number动态模量dynamic modulus振荡剪切流oscillatory shear flow宇宙气体动力学cosmic gas dynamics等离[子]体动力学plasma dynamics电离气体ionized gas行星边界层planetary boundary layer阿尔文波alfven wave泊肃叶-哈特曼流] poiseuille-hartman flow哈特曼数hartman number生物流变学biorheology生物流体biofluid生物屈服点bioyield point生物屈服应力bioyield stress电气体力学electro-gas dynamics铁流体力学ferro-hydrodynamics血液流变学hemorheology, blood rheology血液动力学hemodynamics磁流体力学magneto fluid mechanics磁流体动力学magnetohydrodynamics, mhd磁流体动力波magnetohydrodynamic wave磁流体流magnetohydrodynamic flow磁流体动力稳定性magnetohydrodynamic stability 生物力学biomechanics生物流体力学biological fluid mechanics生物固体力学biological solid mechanics宾厄姆塑性流bingham plastic flow开尔文体kelvin body沃伊特体voigt body可贴变形applicable deformation可贴曲面applicable surface边界润滑boundary lubrication液膜润滑fluid film lubrication向心收缩功concentric work离心收缩功eccentric work关节反作用力joint reaction force微循环力学microcyclic mechanics微纤维microfibril渗透性permeability生理横截面积physiological cross-sectional area 农业生物力学agrobiomechanics纤维度fibrousness硬皮度rustiness胶粘度gumminess粘稠度stickiness嫩度tenderness渗透流osmotic flow易位流translocation flow蒸腾流transpirational flow过滤阻力filtration resistance压扁wafering风雪流snow-driving wind停滞堆积accretion遇阻堆积encroachment沙漠地面desert floor流沙固定fixation of shifting sand 流动阈值fluid threshold力学名词英语翻译相关内容:。
mechanics在英文写作中的意思
mechanics在英文写作中的意思
"Mechanics"在英文写作中有多种含义，具体取决于上下文。
它常见的意思包括：
1.力学：指研究物体运动和相互作用的科学。
2.机械学：涉及机械系统、机器和工具的设计、操作和维护。
3.技巧或规则：例如在某个领域或活动中的操作方法或原则。
4.写作技巧：特别是在写作中，"mechanics"可以指语法、拼写、标点等基本的写作规则和规范。
例如：The mechanics of the machine are very complex.（这台机器的机械结构非常复杂。
）或者 "Good mechanics are essential in writing."（良好的写作技巧在写作中是必不可少的。
）
1。
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Mechanics is an area of science concerned with the behavior of physical bodies when subjected to forces or displacements, and the subsequent effects of the bodies on their environment. The scientific discipline has its origins in Ancient Greece with the writings of Aristotle and Archimedes\ (see History of classical mechanics and Timeline of classical mechanics). During the early modern period, scientists such as Galileo, Kepler, and especially Newton, laid the foundation for what is now known as classical mechanics. It is a branch of classical physics that deals with particles that are either at rest or are moving with velocities significantly less than the speed of light. It can also be defined as a branch of science which deals with the motion of and forces on objects.
In the undergraduate, we Theoretical Mechanics Statics kinematics (运动学) 动力学（Dynamics）
Strength of materials, also called mechanics of materials, is a subject which deals with the behavior of solid objects subject to stresses and strains.
Dynamics is a branch of physics (specifically classical mechanics) concerned with the study of forces and torques（力矩） and their effect on motion, as opposed to kinematics, which studies the motion of objects without reference to its causes. Isaac Newton defined the fundamental physical laws which govern dynamics in physics, especially his second law of motion.
Generally speaking, researchers involved in dynamics study how a physical system might develop or alter over time and study the causes of those changes. In addition, Newton established the fundamental physical laws which govern dynamics in physics. By studying his system of mechanics, dynamics can be understood. In particular, dynamics is mostly related to Newton's second law of motion. However, all three laws of motion are taken into account because these are interrelated in any given observation or experiment.。