1填空题答案
塑模选择、填空题答案1
总复习一、选择题1. 采用直接浇口的单型腔模具，适用于成型 B 塑件，不宜用来成型 A 的塑件。
A、平薄易变形B、壳形C、表面要求高D、较复杂形状2. 通过浇口进入型腔的熔料应呈 B 关进入腔内。
A、紊流B、层流C、涡流3. 护耳浇口专门用于透明度高和要求无内应力的塑件，它主要用于 B 等流动性差和对应力较敏感的塑料塑件。
A、ABSB、有机玻璃C、尼龙D、聚碳酸酯和硬聚氯乙烯4. 带推杆的倒锥形冷料穴和圆形冷料穴适用于 B 塑料的成型。
A、硬聚氯乙烯B、弹性较好的C、结晶型5. 推管推出机构对软质塑料如聚乙烯、软聚氯乙烯等不宜用单一的推管脱模，特别对薄壁深筒形塑件，需用 C 推出机构。
A、推板B、顺序C、联合D、二级6.下列用于制作透明塑料件的是 BA.聚甲醛（POM）B.聚碳酸酯（PC）C.聚丙烯（PP）D.聚乙烯（PE）7.下列用于制造齿轮、轴承的塑料是 CA.聚苯乙烯（PS）B.聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）C.聚酰胺（PA）D.聚氯乙烯（PVC）8.助剂的加入可改善塑料的某些性能，下列何种助剂加入可提高其流动性 CA.填充剂B.稳定剂C.润滑剂D.固化剂9.尼龙注射制品，成型后为消除内应力，稳定尺寸，达吸湿平衡，可用的后处理方法是CA.淬火B.退火C.调湿D.回火10.有些塑料易吸水，故注射成型前需干燥，有些塑料则不需要，下列一般不需干燥的塑料是 CA.PCB.PMMAC.PED.PA11.下列那种情况不属于塑件表面质量 DA熔接痕 B塑件翘曲变形 C塑件有气泡 D塑件强度或刚度不够12.硬质塑料比软质塑料脱模斜度 CA相等 B小 C大 D不能确定13.塑件壁厚太薄会造成 CA汽泡、凹陷 B收缩不均 C注不满（缺料） D没有影响14.加强筋的方向应尽量与料流方向 BA.垂直B.一致 C .45° D.没有关系15.不符合塑件外形设计原则的是 CA.外形尽可能美观B.转角处应有圆弧C.无需考虑模具结构D.在满足使用条件下，有利于成型，避免侧向抽芯机构16.金属嵌件预热的目的是 DA.用于加热塑料B.提高嵌件的强度C.有利于排气D.降低嵌件周围塑料的应力17.塑件上的文字，从模具制造考虑，最好采用 CA.凸字B.凹字C.凹坑凸字 D各种情况效果一样18.关于塑件上设加强筋，下列说法错误的是 DA.可增加制品强度和刚度B.可改善制品成型时充模状态C.避免塑件产生缩孔、气泡D.外形美观19.下列反映注射机加工能力的参数是 CA、注射压力B、合模部分尺寸C、注射量D、动模板行程20.对于一副塑料模，影响其生产效率的最主要因素是 CA、注射时间B、开模时间C、冷却时间D、保压时间21.在一个模塑周期中要求注射机动模板移动速度是变化的，合模时的速度 CA、由慢变快B、由快变慢C、先慢变快再慢D、速度不变22.型号XS-ZY-125的注射机各参数中 AA、Z表示注射B、125表示锁模力C、S表示成型D、X表示塑料23.一注射塑件采用PP材料，要求得到的制品密度大，强度，硬度高，刚度，耐磨性好，则其成型工艺条件应选用 DA、熔体温度和模具温度高B、熔体温度和模具温度低C、熔体温度高和模具温度低D、熔体温度低和模具温度高24.大多数的热塑性塑料注射模要求模温在 BA、10～30°CB、40～80°CC、110～150°CD、230～260°C25.模腔数目通过注射量计算为2.3，通过锁模力计算为6.5，通过塑化能力计算为8.3，一般精度，要求按可能的最大模腔数制造，则选择的模腔数目应该为 2 。
考研英语一完形填空试题及答案解析
考研英语一完形填空试题及答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Fluid intelligence is the type of intelligence that has to do with short-term memory and the ability to think quickly, logically, and abstractly in order to solve new problems. It 1 in young adulthood, levels out for a period of time, and then 2 starts to slowly decline as we age. But 3 aging is inevitable, scientists are finding out that certain changes in brain function may not be.One study found that muscle loss and the 4 of body fat around the abdomen are associated with a decline in fluid intelligence. This suggests the 5 that lifestyle factors might help prevent or 6 this type of decline.The researchers looked at data that 7 measurements of lean muscle and abdominal fat from more than 4,000 middle-to-older-aged men and women and 8 that data to reported changes in fluid intelligence over a six-year period. They found that middle-aged people 9 higher measures of abdominal fat 10 worse on measures of fluid intelligence as the years 11 .For women, the association may be 12 to changes in immunity that resulted from excess abdominal fat; in men, the immune system did not appear to be 13 . It is hoped that future studies could 14 these differences and perhaps lead to different 15 for men and women.16 , there are steps you can 17 to help reduce abdominal fat and maintain lean muscle mass as you age in order to protect both your physical and mental 18 . The two highly recommended lifestyle approaches are maintaining or increasing your 19 of aerobic exercise and following Mediterranean-style 20 that is high in fiber and eliminates highly processed foods.1. [A] pauses [B] returns [C] peaks[D] fades2. [A] alternatively [B]formally [C]accidentally[D] generally3. [A] while [B] since [C] once[D] until4. [A] detection [B] accumulation [C] consumption[D] separation5. [A] possibility [B] decision [C] goal[D] requirement6. [A] delay [B] ensure [C] seek[D] utilize7. [A] modified [B] supported [C] included[D] predicted8. [A] devoted [B] compared [C] converted[D] applied9. [A] with [B] above [C] by[D] against10. [A] lived [B] managed [C] scored[D] played11. [A] ran out [B] set off [C] drew in[D] went by12. [A] superior [B] attributable [C] parallel[D] resistant13. [A] restored [B] isolated [C] involved[D] controlled14. [A] alter [B] spread [C] remove[D] explain15. [A] compensations [B] symptoms [C] demands[D] treatments16. [A] Likewise [B] Meanwhile [C] Therefore[D] Instead17. [A] change [B] watch [C] count[D] take18. [A] well-being [B] process [C] formation[D] coordination19. [A] level [B] love [C] knowledge [D] space20. [A] design [B] routine [C] diet[D] prescription1. 【答案】C（peaks）【解析】逻辑关系题。
2010年高考全国卷1英语完形填空试题答案解析
It was a busy morning,about 8:30,when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to thehospital .I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for all appointment（约会）at 9:30The nurse had him take a 36 in the waiting area, 37 him it would be at least 40Minutes 38 someone would be able to see him I saw him 39 his watch and decided,since I was 40 busy—my patient didn't 41 at the appointed hour, I would examinehis wound .While taking care of his wound．I asked him if he had another doctor’s appointmentThe gentleman said no and told me that he 42 to go to the nursing home to eatbreakfast with his 43 .He told me that she had been 44 for a while and that she had aspecial disease I asked if she would b e 45 if he was a bit late。
He replied that she 46knew who he was，that she had not been able t0 47 him for five years now。
生物必修一试题填空及答案
生物必修一试题填空及答案一、填空题1. 染色体是由 DNA 和蛋白质组成的结构体，位于细胞的核内。
2. 不同基因决定了个体的性状。
3. 酶通过降低反应活化能来促进化学反应的进行。
4. 光合作用是通过光能和化学能转化将二氧化碳和水转化为有机物和氧气。
5. 染色体异常可能导致遗传疾病的发生。
6. 环境因子对基因表达有重要影响。
7. 人类的性别遗传由父本决定。
8. 核糖体位于细胞质中，参与蛋白质合成。
9. 有机化合物的共有特征是它们都含碳。
10. 酵素的作用在化学反应中是具有专一性的。
二、简答题1. 利用遗传性状的观察可以判断亲子关系。
2. 细胞膜起到细胞内外物质交换的调控作用。
3. 光合作用是地球上维持生物圈的重要过程之一。
4. 精子和卵子之间的结合是受精作用。
5. 基因突变是生物进化的重要驱动力之一。
三、解答题1. DNA的复制过程是如何保证遗传信息的传递准确性的？DNA复制过程是由DNA聚合酶酶所催化的。
在复制过程中，DNA双链会被解开，然后通过DNA聚合酶在每个模板链上添加互补的碱基对，形成新的双链。
DNA聚合酶的选择性使得每个核苷酸碱基只能与互补的碱基配对，从而保证了复制的准确性。
此外，还存在其他一系列与复制有关的酶和辅助蛋白，它们协同工作以确保复制的顺利进行，从而保证遗传信息的传递准确性。
2. 光合作用和呼吸作用的关系是什么？光合作用和呼吸作用是生物体能量代谢的两个重要过程。
光合作用通过吸收光能将二氧化碳和水转化为有机物和氧气，并释放出化学能。
而呼吸作用则是利用有机物在细胞内氧化分解，释放出化学能，并将能量转化为细胞所需的三磷酸腺苷（ATP）。
光合作用和呼吸作用可以看作是互为逆反应，二者在物质和能量转化上相互联系、相互依赖，共同维持着生物体的能量和物质平衡。
总结：生物必修一试题填空及答案共包括填空题、简答题和解答题三个部分。
填空题测试了对生物相关知识概念的理解和记忆；简答题要求回答问题，展开解释；解答题则需要更全面地解释相关概念和现象。
数字信号处理试题和答案 (1)
一. 填空题1、一线性时不变系统，输入为x（n）时，输出为y（n）；则输入为2x（n）时，输出为2y(n) ；输入为x（n-3）时，输出为y(n-3) 。
2、从奈奎斯特采样定理得出，要使实信号采样后能够不失真还原，采样频率fs与信号最高频率f max关系为：fs>=2f max。
3、已知一个长度为N的序列x(n)，它的离散时间傅立叶变换为X（e jw），它的N点离散傅立叶变换X（K）是关于X（e jw）的N 点等间隔采样。
4、有限长序列x(n)的8点DFT为X（K），则X（K）= 。
5、用脉冲响应不变法进行IIR数字滤波器的设计，它的主要缺点是频谱的交叠所产生的现象。
6．若数字滤波器的单位脉冲响应h（n）是奇对称的，长度为N，则它的对称中心是(N-1)/2 。
7、用窗函数法设计FIR数字滤波器时，加矩形窗比加三角窗时，所设计出的滤波器的过渡带比较窄，阻带衰减比较小。
8、无限长单位冲激响应（IIR）滤波器的结构上有反馈环路，因此是递归型结构。
9、若正弦序列x(n)=sin(30nπ/120)是周期的,则周期是N= 8 。
10、用窗函数法设计FIR数字滤波器时，过渡带的宽度不但与窗的类型有关，还与窗的采样点数有关11．DFT与DFS有密切关系，因为有限长序列可以看成周期序列的主值区间截断，而周期序列可以看成有限长序列的周期延拓。
12．对长度为N的序列x(n)圆周移位m位得到的序列用x m(n)表示，其数学表达式为x m(n)=x((n-m))N R N(n)。
13．对按时间抽取的基2-FFT流图进行转置，并将输入变输出，输出变输入即可得到按频率抽取的基2-FFT流图。
14.线性移不变系统的性质有交换率、结合率和分配律。
15.用DFT近似分析模拟信号的频谱时，可能出现的问题有混叠失真、泄漏、栅栏效应和频率分辨率。
16.无限长单位冲激响应滤波器的基本结构有直接Ⅰ型，直接Ⅱ型，串联型和并联型四种。
17.如果通用计算机的速度为平均每次复数乘需要5μs，每次复数加需要1μs，则在此计算机上计算210点的基2 FFT需要10 级蝶形运算，总的运算时间是______μs。
《Linux操作系统》 《Linux操作系统》习题库1_填空题及答案
《Linux操作系统》系题库1_填空题及答案1. 在Linux系统中，以___ 方式访问设备。
2. Linux内核引导时，从文件____中读取要加载的文件系统。
3.___ 目录用来存放系统管理员使用的管理程序。
4. 链接分为：___ 和____。
5. 某文件的权限为：drw-r--r--，用数值形式表示该权限，则该八进制数为：___，该文件属性是___ 。
6. 前台起动的进程使用___终止。
7. 安装Linux系统对硬盘分区时，必须有两种分区类型：___ 和___ 。
8. 编写的Shell程序运行前必须赋予该脚本文件___权限。
9. 系统交换分区是作为系统___ 的一块区域。
10. 唯一标识每一个用户的是用户___和用户名。
11. 在Linux系统中所有内容都被表示为文件，组织文件的各种方法称为___ 。
12. DHCP可以实现___ IP 地址分配。
13. Ping命令可以测试网络中本机系统是否能到达___，所以常常用于测试网络的连通性。
14. vi编辑器具有两种工作模式：___ 和___ 。
15. 可以用ls –al命令来观察文件的权限，每个文件的权限都用10位表示，并分为四段，其中第一段占 1 位，表示文件类型，第二段占3位，表示___ 对该文件的权限。
16. DNS实际上是分布在internet上的主机信息的数据库，其作用是实现___和___之间的转换。
17. 在Linux系统上做备份可以有两种类型：___ 和___ 。
其中前者是指对___ 的备份，后者是指对___和___。
18. CD-ROM标准的文件系统类型是___。
19. Linux使用支持Windows 9.x/2000长文件名的文件系统的类型是___。
20. 在Linux系统中，用来存放系统所需要的配置文件和子目录的目录是___。
21. 结束后台进程的命令是___。
22. 进程的运行有两种方式，即___和___ 。
23. Links分为___和___。
西方音乐史填空题练习（一）丨附答案
西方音乐史填空题练习（一）丨附答案01【古希腊古罗马时期】1.古希腊的《荷马史诗》包括两部大型史诗【《伊里亚特》】和【《奥德赛》】，以公元前I2世纪的【特罗伊】战争为题材，由行吟诗人边弹里尔琴边诵唱。
2.古希腊时期由诗人和着里尔琴演唱的自创诗歌称为【抒情诗】。
3.古希腊时期的颂歌皆为【合唱】形式，分为太阳神颂歌和【酒神】颂歌两种，后者在公元前6世纪发展为戏剧形式【悲剧】。
4.古希腊时期集戏剧、诗歌、音乐与舞蹈于一体的综合艺术形式称为【悲剧】。
5.古希腊的托诺斯有【多里亚】、【弗里几亚】和利底亚等，它们的名称来自于古希腊的部族名称。
6.古希腊的音乐理论家有【亚里斯多塞诺斯】。
7.欧洲最早产生的管风琴是在古罗马时期由埃及工程师发明的【水力管风琴】。
8.古罗马最具代表性的音乐类别为【军乐】。
02【中世纪时期】1.【圭多】是中世纪杰出的音乐理论家和实践教育家，著作为《辨及微芒》，他的理论法则是所有中世纪音乐理论的基础。
2.中世纪音乐理论家【圭多】发明了ut、re、mi、fa、sol、la的六声音阶唱名法，并且确定了用几条平行线来记录音高的方法，中世纪时被广泛采用的【纽姆四线】谱，就是在他的理论基础上形成。
3.中世纪的管风琴根据尺寸形状大小可分为固定式管风琴和【便携式】管风琴。
4.14世纪在法国处于巅峰的音乐艺术被称为【新艺术】，与13世纪的【古艺术】相区别。
5.14世纪“新艺术”的音乐成就集中体现在新体裁【等节奏经文歌】的结构原则中，在这种体裁的定旋律声部，固定旋律组“克勒”和重复节奏型“塔列亚”以不同的方式加以结合。
6.14世纪法国“新艺术”音乐风格的代表人物是【马肖】，意大利“新艺术”音乐风格的代表人物是【兰迪尼】。
7.14世纪意大利最具代表性的世俗音乐体裁有【牧歌】、巴拉塔和狩猎曲。
8.中世纪的【教会】调式系统以古希腊音乐理论为基础，同时受到东方教会八调式系统的影响而形成，它们的名称沿用了古希腊托诺斯的名称如多里亚、弗里几亚等。
人教版英语八年级上册unit1--6单元课文完形填空习题含答案
人教版英语八年级上册unit1--6单元课文完形填空习题专练8A Unit 1 Reading AWe held a meeting after school. Lucy, Tony, Joyce, Jessica and I were①the meeting.First we decided to elect the chief editor.Tony suggested Joyce. He said, “We should choose Joyce because she②experience. She was the editor of her class newspaper last year.”Then we all voted③her. We elected Joyce to be the chief editor.Then Joyce took charge of the meeting. She said, “We④elect a secretary now.” she asked for suggestions.Jessica said, “Ben should be the secretary, because he has experience too. He was the secretary of the Music Club last year.”Then the others voted for me. They elected me to be the secretary. I started⑤notes.Joyce said, “Lucy, Tony, and Jessica, you will be editors of the paper. You will be responsible for different⑥of the paper.”Lucy asked, “Which sections will we have?”Joyce said, “Talk it over⑦yourselves. We will decide at the next meeting.”Then we made a list of some other things to discuss. For example, how often should we publish the paper? Should it be free for⑧, or shouldthey pay for it? What should we call it?We considered the last question quickly. Lucy said, “We ought to⑨it the Mayfield Sun.”“What about the Mayfield Mirror or the Mayfield Star?” Jessica said. Because we all had different ideas, Joyce said, “We would think about this a bit⑩. We will make a decision about the name at the next meeting.”We agreed to conclude the meeting then. We arranged to have the next meeting in one week’s time.（）①A. in B. on C. at（）②A. have B. has C. had（）③A. to B. by C. for（）④A. ought to B. need C. must（）⑤A. take B. took C. taking（）⑥A. sections B. parts C. kinds（）⑦A. to B. between C. among（）⑧A. students B. teachers C. readers（）⑨A. name B. call C. named（）⑩A. time B. long C. longer8A unit 1 答案Key: CBCACACCBC8A Unit 1 listening BLast week was a very interesting week.Last Monday, our new music room opened. We have many new instruments and a lot of equipments. It opened with a special concert. The concert included a①and several songs. The school band played many of my favourite songs,②Hey Jude by the Beatles. Many students came to the concert with their parents. Everyone enjoyed the evening.Last Thursday evening, the photo club showed some old photos of Guangzhou③. These photos belonged to a student’s mother. Last Saturday, the club also had the members take photos of the same places as ④in the old photos. It is very interesting to see⑤the places have changed.Last Sunday, our school’s⑥volleyball team played and won their last game. Congratulations everyone! The other team from No.7 Middle School, played very well, but in the end they lost the game. Many⑦fans from both schools watched the game.（）①A. play B. game C. match（）②A. including B. such as C. for example（）③A. in the 1950 B. in 1950s C. in the 1950s（）④A. this B. these C. those（）⑤A. / B. how C. what（）⑥A. girl B. girl’s C. girls’（）⑦A. big B. excited C. crazyKey: AACCBCB8A Unit 1 More Practice AZhen Hui was outside the English teacher’s room. She loves English very much. She wanted to discuss①English exercise with her English teacher. She looked a little②nervous.Li Ming left his bag in the playground and he walked back there to③it. When he found it, he looked quite happy.After school, Wang Gang rode out of the school④. He and his best friends planned to go to the cinema. He looked excited.Li Ye felt sick. He went to the⑤. The nurse told him to⑥his mother because he had a high⑦.Sally likes⑧books. She often borrows many books from the school library. She was on her way to the library to return the books.At break, Jia Ming ran to the sports field to play football with his classmates. They⑨practice a lot because they have a match with Class 2 next Wednesday.（）①A. a B. an C. the（）②A. bit B. more C. /（）③A. get B. find C. save（）④A. / B. door C. gate（）⑤A. clinic B. hospital C. restaurant（）⑥A. call B. ask C. phone（）⑦A. ill B. sick C. fever（）⑧A. read B. to read C. reading（）⑨A. need B. have to C. mustKey: BAACACCBB8A Unit 2 Reading ALucy Mr Ken, Why do you like working as a detective?Ken I hope to protect the innocent①find the guilty. Well, let me tell you about a recent case. Mr Li is a rich man. He lives aloneand enjoys②things. He bought a vase③two milliondollars and only showed it to his friends Jill and Jenny. Then helocked it in the safe inside his house. That night someone stoleit, Li reported the④, and I went to his house to look for clues. Lucy Did you find any?Ken Yes, a black pearl earring near the⑤safe. Outside the open window, I also saw a lot of mud on the wet ground. Inside theroom, the carpet was very clean. Then I questions Jill and Jenny.They⑥denied stealing the vase, but I notice Jill wearing ablack pearl necklace. It has the same design as the earring. Luck So Jill was the thief?Ken I wasn’t sure. I needed proof. I showed Jill the earring. She admitted, “I t’s⑦. But someone stole it⑧my house a weekago.” I checked her story. It was true.Lucy I see, so Jill was no longer a suspect. However, what about your⑨clues—the mud outside and the clean carpet inside?Ken They only⑩one thing—no thief broke into Li’s house. So I questioned Li and, in the end, he admitted stealing his own vase.He said, “I bought insurance for the vase. I stole it for theinsurance money.”Li also stole Jill’s earring. He wanted tomake Jill go to jean instead of himself.Lucy Is Li behind bars now?Ken Yes, and Jill is free.（）①A. and B. also C. as well as（）②A. collect B. to collect C. collecting（）③A. for B. about C. more than（）④A. thief B. theft C. robbery（）⑤A. open B. opened C. opening（）⑥A. are B. both C. all（）⑦A. me B. my C. mine（）⑧A. in B. from C. inside（）⑨A. other B. another C. the other（）⑩A. mean B. meant C. meaningKey: CCABABCBAB8A Unit 2 Listening BI wanted to see Jill again, so on my way home①work, I stopped at a telephone box and called her. I invited her to the cinema②evening. She agreed to go with me, so we arranged to meet outside the cinema at seven o’clock.At around quarter past six, I put on my jacket and hat and left the house. I locked the door, but I③to turn off the light in the living room.At that time of day, it is very difficult to④a taxi. I could not find one, so I took the bus⑤. I arrived at the cinema around ten minutes early. Next to the cinema is a bookshop, so I went in to look around⑥I waited for Jill. I started reading a book about world-fames crimes. It was really interesting! In fact, it was so interesting⑦I forgot the time. I was late.When I arrived, Jill was really angry. She refused to speak to me at first. How could I make her happy? “I know!” I thought. “I will buy her some ⑧.” I went to the sweet shop and bought a large bar of chocolate. I was right—it did make her happy, and we went in to see the film.（）①A. to B. for C. from（）②A. in B. at C. that（）③A. forget B. forgot C. remember（）④A. get B. take C. have（）⑤A. instead B. instead of C. to instead（）⑥A. / B. when C. while（）⑦A. so B. that C. lead to（）⑧A. roses B. toys C. chocolateKey: CCBAACBC8A Unit 2 More Practice AYesterday was a very busy day. I solved two cases. The first case was about a bank robbery. A man entered a bank in the city centre with a gun. He took away thousands of①. The bank manager called the police, but it was too late. The robber②away. The suspect in the case was Tim Smith. At first, Tim denied③the robber. He said he was watching a film in the cinema at the time of the robbery. However, I had proof. One of the customers in the bank at that time took a photo. It showed Tim Smith in the bank,④ a gun. I showed the photo to Tim. He⑤admitted his crime.In the second case, a lady called Susan Brown bought a beautiful vase forfifty thousand dollars. The owner of the shop called the police because Susan had used⑥banknotes to pay for the vase. We⑦her to the police station. She said that she got the notes from the bank and that the bank clerk must have⑧her. However, when I searched her flat, I found half a million dollars in forged notes. She kept them in a safe in the wall. Susan then admitted printing the notes herself. I returned the beautiful vase to the shop.（）①A. money B. yuans C. dollars（）②A. run B. went C. got（）③A. making B. being C. having（）④A. carry B. carried C. carrying（）⑤A. then B. had to C. still（）⑥A. forget B. forgot C. forged（）⑦A. took B. brought C. called（）⑧A. fooled B. joked C. jokingKey: CCBCACBA8A Unit 3 Reading AHidden helpersNot so many years ago, you hardly①saw computers. Now they seem to be everywhere.There are also many hidden “computers” in your home, but you②be unaware of them. For example, there may be one inside your TV set, telephone or washing machine.You are more③on computers than you know.What kind of jobs can a computer do?Computers are probably the best calculators in the world. They are faster ④calculating than people, and they rarely give wrong answers. They can also type, print and draw things like diagrams and graphs. They can teach you many things and also play games with you. More⑤, they can operate railways (⑥the underground) and fly planes and spaceships. For⑦reasons, we sometimes call them “electronic brains”.Is a computer cleverer than I am?The answer to this question is, for the time being, “No”. You have⑧understanding of the meaning of things than computers and can also create new ideas of you own. However, one day computers may be able to do⑨things than a human brain. In the future, they may even be better at doing their jobs than doctors, judges and teachers.This raises interesting questions. How⑩computers change our lives? Will we have nothing to do? Will computers make our lives better or worse in the future?（）①A. / B. ever C. even（）②A. should B. may C. might（）③A. dependent B. interested C. enjoy（）④A. in B. on C. at（）⑤A. important B . importantly C. useful（）⑥A. / B. like C. such as（）⑦A. that B. this C. these（）⑧A. great B. greater C. greatly（）⑨A. more B. many C. much（）⑩A. will B. can C. couldKey: BCACBBCBAA8A Unit 3 Reading BHow do we give computer instructions?We give a computer instructions①putting different programs into it. “Computer programmers” write computer programs. It is essential for②people not to make mistakes.③, the computer will not work well.A computer needs different programs to do different④. For example, playing games, writing letters and drawing pictures all need different programs. There are also different languages for different programs.⑤a program, people need to know this language. Sometimes a computer programmer may know many different languages.⑥, computer languages are not spoken languages like Chinese or English⑦writtenlanguages. Also, only the computer and the programmer can understand them!CD-ROMs and DVE-ROMsMany computers have CD-ROM or DVD-ROM⑧. A CD-ROM can hold over 300,000 pages of writing, and may also contain pictures and sounds. A DVD-ROM can hold even more⑨. So, you can use them on you computer to read about the most famous people in the world today. You can also see photographs⑩videos of people, and even listen to them speaking. According to some people, CD-ROMs and DVD-ROMs will become even more popular than books.（）①A. by B. with C. in（）②A. the B. this C. these（）③A. In fact B. However C. Otherwise（）④A. things B. jobs C, work（）⑤A. Write B. To write C. Writing（）⑥A. In fact B. However C. Otherwise（）⑦A. but B. it’s C. so（）⑧A. / B. driver C. drives（）⑨A. letters B. words C. information（）⑩A. or B. and C. /Key: ACCBBBACCA8A Unit 3 More Practice BA research team in the USA first had the idea of①computers together in the 1960s. They wanted computers in universities, research departments and the military to communicate with ②and share information. At that time, computers were bigger than fridges. People could not move them③. Computers were also complicated and difficult to use.Slowly, more and more people started to link their computers together. Then businessmen started to use the Internet④. Today, people all over the world are⑤the Internet.There is a wide range of services on the Internet. For example, we can use it to communicate with other people. The most popular way to communicate is through electronic mail, or “e-mail”. We can also use services such as MSN messenger⑥Skype. We can use these services to send instant messages to people near of far away.The Internet⑦us to use to World Wide Web (also⑧as WWW or the Web). The web is many connected pages of information. We can use the Web to read news and learn about our favourite sports stars or singers. The Internet⑨changed our lives. Now we can contact the whole world with the computers⑩our homes.（）①A. link B. linked C. linking（）②A. each other B. the others C. the other（）③A. easy B. easily C. easier（）④A. too B. also C. as well（）⑤A. use B. used C. using（）⑥A. or B. and C. with（）⑦A. allow B. allows C. allowing（）⑧A. called B. named C. known（）⑨A. have B. haven C. has（）⑩A. in B. on C. atKey: CABACABCCA8A Unit 4 Listening BGood evening, everyone. Welcome to “History①a minute”. Tonight, we are going to talk about the ancient Olympic Games.The first Olympic Games②thousands of years ago in Greece. People started the Olympic Games to③respect to the gods. They would pray to their gods in the morning and then have the games in the afternoon. The first Olympic Games only④for one day! In modern times, the Olympic Games last for two weeks. In the modern Olympics, we have many different kinds of sports, but in the ancient Olympic Games, there were only⑤ten kinds of sports.One last fact—thousands of years ago,⑥women could not watch the games.⑦, they would be punished! Here is a story about a woman at the ancient Olympic Games in Greece. Her name was Helen. Helen’s son Rodus⑧the competition of running in the Olympic Games. Helen wanted to watch Rodus run, so she made herself⑨like a soldier and entered the stadium. Unfortunately, Helen was found inside the stadium. Rodus won the⑩, but his mother was punished.（）①A. in B. for C. with（）②A. started B. began C. happened（）③A. show B. showed C. showing（）④A. last B. lasts C. lasted（）⑤A. about B. less than C. more than（）⑥A. marry B. married C. marrying（）⑦A. Or B. However C. Otherwise（）⑧A. join B. join in C. took part in（）⑨A. like B. looks C. looked（）⑩A. competition B. match C. gameKey: BCACABCCAA8A Unit 4 More Practice BReligion was very important to the ancient Greeks. In①opinion, itwould make their lives better and also the gods and goddesses would take care of them after they②.The Greeks believed in many different gods and③. These gods and goddesses controlled everything in their④and the environment. It was important to make them happy—happy gods and goddesses helped you, but unhappy⑤punished you.Zeus is the⑥of the Greek gods. Zeus is lord of the sky, and the god of rain. Zeus is married to Hera. She is the goddess of marriage and childbirth. Poseidon is the brother⑦f Zeus. He is the god of the sea. Aphrodite is the goddess of love and⑧. Aphrodite rises from the waves of the sea. She makes everyone⑨love.There are also gods and goddesses of the home, of war, of music, of the city and of fire. The Greeks held many festivals to show respect to them. They⑩temples to be the gods and goddesses’homes. People prayed and gave gifts to the gods and goddesses to make their wishes come true—for a good harvest, or for a good journey, or for their children to become beautiful.（）①A. my B. his C. their（）②A. die B. died C. death（）③A. godess B. goddess C. goddesses（）④A. life B. live C. lives（）⑤A. one B. ones C. once（）⑥A. ruler B. king C. queen（）⑦A. on B. to C. of（）⑧A. beauty B. beautiful C. beautied（）⑨A. feel B. fall C. fell（）⑩A. build B. built C. buildedKey: CBCCBACAAB8A Unit 5 Reading BIn 1904, Mrs Bess clarke of Washington State, the USA, saw a long, dark tree trunk in a lake. As she moved①, she saw the trunk②in the water. It looked very③. Mrs Clarke described seeing a strange creature. It was black in colour, with a head in the shape of a triangle, round eyes, and a long tail. Based④her description, scientists regarded it as a kind of sea dinosaur, they called it Bess.Since then, many people saw Bess in the⑤lake. They described Bess as a dark, snake-like creature with a long tail. John Lee has studied strange creatures and monsters⑥. In 1990, he set up a video camera near the lake to try to film Bess. One morning john saw the creature swimming near the surface of the lake. The creature appeared suddenly ⑦of the water and had the same appearance as the one nearly 100 years ago. John Lee took a film that day. It showed a creature about 100 metreslong with a very small head.In 1992, Ron Smith reported⑧Bess and three other similar creatures in the same lake. The bodies of the three other creatures were⑨different. They seemed to be another kind of sea creature.According to Dr David Dino, the world-famous expert on strange creatures, it is possible that sea monsters are living in many great lakes ⑩the world.（）①A. near B. close C. closer（）②A. moving B. moved C. move（）③A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten（）④A. in B. on C. at（）⑤A. / B. same C. different（）⑥A. his life B. his live C. all his life（）⑦A. out B. went out C. inside（）⑧A. see B. saw C. seeing（）⑨A. very B. quite C. quiet（）⑩A. in B. all C. aroundKey: CAABBCACBC8A Unit 5 More Practice ASally felt frightened when she saw a huge, dead monster on the①inAustralia. It was hairy and very smelly. “It was horrible,” said Sally. “It was in the shape of a tree trunk, and it looked like a monster.” Nobody ②what the monster was.Do you believe that dragons exist? Nobody has③seen a dragon, but there are still many drawings of dragons④the world. They have wings and sharp claws, and they breathe fire. Dragons represent different things in different cultures.⑤, the Chinese dragon lives in the sky and⑥all the water on Earth. One type of dragon lives in the sky and controls all the water on Earth. One type of dragon really does exist and⑦is the Sea Dragon. It is found in the seas of Australia it is about 45 centimetres long. There is a strange thing about this creature—the males⑧the babies. Some males live for more than twenty years and give birth twice a year.Have you ever seen a jellyfish? There is one type of jellyfish called the Sea Wasp. It looks like a harmless sea creature. It has no head, no brain and is 99% water. However, its sting can kill. If you get stung by one of these⑨, you have four minutes to get help, or die!（）①A. beach B. road C. lake（）②A. know B. knows C. knew（）③A. been B. ever C. even（）④A. in B. all C. around（）⑤A. However B. Otherwise C. For example（）⑥A. controls B. controlled C. controlling（）⑦A. it B. that C. /（）⑧A. give B. gave C. have（）⑨A. creature B. dragon C. monsterKey: ABBCCABCA8A Unit 6 Reading AWang Damin sits on the side of the river. He is cooking①, with a large bird on his head. The bird is a cormorant, and Damin is a②. He is over 60 now but still works every day and is still③to control his raft on the river. He lives and works with his cormorants on this river. Cormorants are large black birds, about a metre long. They are good at ④fish because they can swim⑤⑥water. Their large feet are used to push them quickly through the water.Damin does not require nets to catch fish. That is done for him by his twelve cormorants. Damin begins his work on his bamboo⑦with his birds in the late afternoon. The birds swim down and catch fish. A piece of grass is tied around the neck of each bird, so it cannot swallow the fish. They⑧the fish back to the raft. The fish are then removed from the birds’ mouths and thrown into a big basket by Damin. At night, a light is hung from the front of the raft.⑨helps Damin see better, and alsoattracts the fish. Later, some of the fish are sold, and the rest are divided between Damin’s family and the cormorants.Cormorant fishing is a⑩Chinese skill. However, few young people are interested in doing his type of work any more. Modern fishing methods are now widely used.In 50 years, perhaps cormorant fishermen will no longer exist in the world.（）①A. meal B. a meal C. dinner（）②A. fish B. fisher C. fisherman（）③A. enough strong B. strong enough C. strongly（）④A. catch B. catches C. catching（）⑤A. well B. good C. nice（）⑥A. in B. under C. inside（）⑦A. raft B. boat C. ship（）⑧A. take B. took C. bring（）⑨A. It B. This C. That（）⑩A. tradition B. traditional C. customsKey: BCBCABACBB8A Unit 6 More Practice AOur company is①a new scientist to join our busy team.About us: We are international company and we are②different types of paint. We hope to create a paint that dries very quickly and has no③smell. If we successful, we will sell this paint around the world.About you: You must have experience④working in a laboratory. You must have the experience of working with⑤.Our laboratory often has a bad smell. It is also very noise. You must be able to work well in this difficult environment. You need to work calmly and not get excited or⑥when there is a lot of work to do. You must have a good sense of humour and⑦g telling jokes. You must have the ability to work alone and also as part of a team.We are looking for a very⑧t person. You need to be able to work quickly and correctly. There is a lot of paperwork. You must like writing reports and be⑨expert in computer technology.The job requires you to travel a lot and sometimes work in the evening and at weekends.If you think you are the right person for the job, contact us today!（）①A. looking for B. looking to C. looking forward（）②A. research for B. researching for C. researching（）③A. pleasant B. unpleasant C. uncomfortable（）④A. in B. on C. at（）⑤A. print B. paint C. printing（）⑥A. sad B. unset C. sadly（）⑦A. enjoy B. enjoys C. enjoying （）⑧A. efficient B. interested C. excited （）⑨A. a B. an C. theKey: ACBCBBCAB。
汽车电子习题(答案版) (1)
第1、2章习题一、填空题1.传感器的功用是向ECU提供汽车运行状况和发动机工况。
2.凸轮轴位置传感器作为喷油时刻控制和_点火时刻_控制的主控制信号。
3.爆燃传感器是作为爆燃控制的修正信号。
4.电子控制单元主要是根据进气歧管压力确定基本的喷油量。
5.电控系统由传感器、ECU、执行器三大部分组成。
6.电控系统有汽车电子控制装置、车载汽车电子装置两种基本类型。
7.传感器是采集并向ECU输送信息的装置。
8.电子控制单元ECU是发动机控制系统核心。
9.汽车电控系统的执行元件主要有电磁式喷油器；点火控制器(点火模块)；怠速控制阀、怠速电机；EGR阀元件。
10.发动机工作时，ECU根据节气门开度信号判断发动机负荷大小。
11.负温度系数的热敏电阻其阻值随温度的升高而降低。
二、简答题1、汽车电子技术发展的背景是什么？●环保、安全、节能及舒适推动了汽车技术的发展●电子信息技术推进了汽车技术向集成与智能迈进●汽车电子技术应用的优越性2、说明为什么很多汽车都采用CAN总线技术？一方面是由于电子产品本身的特点，如计算机芯片的功能不断提高而价格则在不断下降。
另一方面，也是由于一些新增的性能可在相当程度上借助于原有构件实现，如ESP(电子稳定系统)就利用了很多ABS原有元件。
再者，原有系统皆系单独控制，很复杂，现开始发展并推广的多路传输技术、CAN总线网络控制技术等，可将多个系统的传感器、控制器及执行机构集成到一起，各系统分享信息，这就大大简化了线路，节省材料、加工装配费用3、请分析汽车如果采用42V电源系统供电，有什么好处？电压提高3倍，电流就可减小2/3，因而可以大大减小电缆、电动机、线圈等尺寸及质量。
可使一些新技术，如电子控制电动气阀机构、飞轮内装起动机/发电机一体式结构以及电子控制电动制动器、转向系的应用成为可能；同时，可以减轻汽车质量并提高效率4、汽车电控系统的组成及各部分的作用是什么？➢信号输入装置——各种传感器，采集控制系统的信号，并转换成电信号输送给ECU；➢电子控制单元——ECU，给各传感器提供参考电压，接受传感器信号，进行存储、计算和分析处理后执行器发出指令；➢执行元件——由ECU控制，执行某项控制功能的装置。
2024考研英语一完形填空试题及答案(第1题-20题)
2024考研英语一完形填空试题及答案（第1题-20题）业务课名称：英语考生须知：1.答案必须写在答题纸上，写在其他纸上无效。
2.答题时必须使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔做答，用其他答题不给分，不得使用涂改液。
完形填空There's nothing more welcoming than opening a door for you.（1）Without the need to be touched to open or close, automatic doors are essential in（2）improving disabled access to buildings and helping provide general（3）convenience to commercial buildings.Self-sliding doors began to emerge as a commercial product in 1960 after being invented six years（4）successively by two Americans, Dee Horton and Lew Hewitt. They（5）started out as a novelty feature, but as their use has grown, their（6）benefits have extended within our technologically advanced world. Particularly（7）useful in busy locations and during times of emergency, the doors（8）act as crowd management by reducing the obstacles put in people's way.（9）As well as making access both in and out of buildings easier for people, the difference in the way many of these doors open helps to reduce the total area（10）. occupied by them. Automatic doors often open to the side, with the panels sliding across one another. Replacing swing doors, these（11）allow smaller spaces to maximise the usable space inside without having to（12）clear the way for a large, sticking-out door. There are many different types of automatic door, with each（13）relying on specific signals to tell them when to open.（14）Although these methods differ, the main（15）principles remain the same.Each automatic door system（16）analyses the light, sound, weight, or movement in their vicinity as a signal. Sensor-types are chosen to（17）compare the different environments they are needed in.（18）For example, a busy road might not（19）suit a motion-sensored door, as it would constantly be opening for passers-by. A pressure-sensitive mat would be more（20）appropriate to limit the surveyed area.答案:1-10题：DCBAB CADAD 11-20题：ACCDC BDCBA。
铁路高级线路工试题及答案(填空题)1
铁路高级线路工试题及答案（填空题）一、填空题 ( 选择正确的答案填在横线空白处)1．轨道种类的区分有两种方法：一种方法是按 ________区分，另一种方法是按营运条件区分。
2． I 级铁路在路网中起骨干作用，远期年客货运量大于或等于________。
3．轨道是列车运转的基础，是铁路运输的________之一。
4．运量是决定 ________的主要指标。
5．钢轨的磨耗与运量的关系________。
6．轨距为两股钢轨头部内侧与轨道中线________的距离。
7．水平是指轨道上左右两股钢轨顶面位于同一水平线上，两股钢轨的________称呼水平差。
8．测量水平常，在直线地段一般以左股钢轨为基准股，右股________左股为正，反之为负。
9．为提升轨道构造的承载能力，应踊跃发展无缝线路、新式________及弹性扣件。
10．轨道是运输设备的基础，要求轨道构造有足够的________。
11．正线为重型轨道构造，铺设 60kg/m 钢轨，应铺设 S-2 型或 J-2 型混凝土枕 ________根/km。
12．无缝线路长轨节下轨枕间距要均匀，铝热焊缝应距枕边________。
13．混凝土宽枕线路与木枕线路之间应有长度________的混凝土枕过渡。
14．桥枕不可以铺设在横梁上，与横梁翼缘边应留出________及以上的空隙。
15．半径小于 300m的曲线不宜铺设混凝土枕，因为曲线半径小，横向水平力大，而混凝土轨枕抵挡 ________的能力差。
16．25m标准轨铺设在当地历史最高、最低轨温差大于________的地域应个别设计。
17．曲线内侧钢轨缩短量与________、及圆曲线和缓和曲线长度相关。
18．铁路线路是由路基、 ________和铁路轨道构成的。
19．线路纵断面由平道、坡道以及设置在坡道变化处的________，构成。
20．路基顶面 ________的部分称为路肩。
21．当车轮进入道岔护轨缓冲段时，必与护轨工作边产生撞击，由此造成的________将影响直向过岔速度。
电力系统继电保护作业参考答案填空题1对动作于跳闸的继电
电力系统继电保护作业参考答案：一、填空题1、对动作于跳闸的继电保护，在技术上一般应满足（选择性）、（速动性）、（灵敏性）、（可靠性）四个基本要求2、过电流继电器的启动电流（大于）返回电流，其返回系数（小于）1.3、后备保护包括（远后备保护）和（近后备保护）。
4、与电流保护类似，距离保护装置采用（阶梯延时配合）的三段式配置方式。
5、中性点可接地或不接地运行变压器的接地后备保护由（零序电流保护）和（零序电压保护）组成。
6、根据重合闸控制断路器相数的不同，可将重合闸分为（单相重合闸）、（三相重合闸）和（综合重合闸）和（分相重合闸）。
7、变压器纵差动保护需要进行（相位校正）和（电流平衡调整），以使正常运行时流入到差动回路中的电流为0.二、选择题1、交流电流i通过某电阻，在一定时间内产生的热量，与某直流电流I在相同时间内通过该电阻所产生的热量相等，那么就把此直流电流I定义为交流电流i 的（A）。
（A）有效值；（B）最大值；（C）最小值；（D）瞬时值。
2 、对称三相电源三角形连接时，线电流是（D）。
（A）相电流；（B）3倍的相电流；（C）2倍的相电流；（D）√3倍的相电流。
3、变压器供电的线路发生短路时，要使短路电流小些，下述措施哪个是对的（D）。
（A）增加变压器电动势；（B）变压器加大外电阻只；（C）变压器增加内电阻r；（D）选用短路比大的变压器。
4 、调相机的主要用途是供给（B）、改善功率因数、调整网络电压，对改善电力系统运行的稳定性起一定的作用。
（A）有功功率；（B）无功功率；（C）有功功率和无功功率；（D）视在功率。
5、若一稳压管的电压温度系数为正值，当温度升高时，稳定电压U，将（A）。
（A）增大；（B）减小；（C）不变；（D）不能确定。
6 、温度对三极管的参数有很大影响，温度上升，则（B）。
（A）放大倍数β下降；（B）放大倍数β增大；（C）不影响放大倍数；（D）不能确定。
7、射极输出器的特点之一是，具有（B）。
上海小升初数学练习1.填空题专项训练(一)(有答案)
第一讲填空题专题训练（一）一、【考点解读】第一讲包括：数论综合包括、分数性质与分数应用、图形的初步认识、长度、角度、面积与体积、比、比例与比例尺、计数原理与图形规律、概率统计、逻辑推理与赛事分析、商业利润、工程问题、行程问题。
二、【知识讲解】知识点1——平均数是指在一组数据中所有数据之和再除以数据的个数。
知识点2——质数与合数：一个数只有公因数1和它本身不再有其它的因数，这样的数叫质数，也叫素数；如果除了1和它本身以外还有其它的因数，这样的数叫做合数。
知识点3——因数与倍数：整数a能被整数b整除，a叫作b的倍数，b就叫做a的因数.知识点4——奇数与偶数:不能被2整除的数叫做奇数，能被2整除的数叫做偶数.三、【典例探究】【例题1】：17个连续整数的和是306，那么紧接在这17个数后面的那17个连续整数的和等于 .答案：595【例题2】：一个三位数,它的反序数也是一个三位数,用这个三位数减去它的反序数得到的差不为0,而且是4的倍数。
那么,这样的三位数有个.答案：60四、【课堂运用】【基础】【练习1】a是质数,b是合数。
下面的式子中,值不一定是合数的为 .【练习2】某班有一个小图书馆，共有300多本，从1开始，图书按自然数的顺序编号，即1，2，3…，小光看了这图书馆里都被2，3和8整除的书号，共16本，这个图书馆里至少有本图书.【巩固】【练习1】已知非零自然数m和n满足2m+3n=9，则m+n= .五、【课后巩固】应的数分别是a，b，c，d，且d-2a=10，那么数轴上的0对应的点应该是 .【习题14【习题15】把四个体积为1立方厘米的正方体木块拼成一个长方体，则拼成的长方体的表面积最大是 .积是4cm,则阴影部分面积等于 .糖的重量比变为7:8，那么两包糖重量的总和是克。
【习题26】图中，阴影部分占整个图形面积的 .【习题27】“火树银花楼七层，层层红灯倍加增，共有红灯三八一，试问四层红灯”.【习题28】有七个点(任意三点不在同一条直线上)在同一平面内，任意连接两点，那么最多可以连成条线段。
教师公开招聘考试中学体育(填空题)模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
教师公开招聘考试中学体育（填空题）模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. 填空题填空题1．体育与健康课程是一门以_______为主要手段、以增进中小学生_______为主要目的的主要课程。
正确答案：身体练习健康2．评价一个人的健康状况要从_______、_______和_______等三个方面去评价。
正确答案：身体心理社会适应3．自然体育思想认为，运动是人的本性，主张“体育即生活”，提倡_______，推崇自然活动，反对德、瑞式的人为体操。
正确答案：“教育化的体育”4．肌肉工作时的直接能源是_______，它贮存在细胞中，以肌细胞为最多。
正确答案：ATP5．人体的运动离不开骨骼、关节和肌肉的相互作用。
骨骼起着_______的作用，关节是运动的_______，肌肉收缩是运动的_______。
正确答案：杠杆枢纽动力6．体育锻炼之所以能够增强体能，主要是由_______的生理机制决定的。
正确答案：超量恢复7．_______、_______、_______是学生体质健康标准的必测项目。
正确答案：身高体重肺活量8．有一列横队变成二列横队时，应先_______报数。
正确答案：1～29．耐久跑中的途中跑，要求_______的节奏和_______的节奏相配合。
正确答案：跑呼吸10．三级跳远由_______助跑，沿_______向前的连续三次跳跃组成。
正确答案：快速直线11．课时计划也称教案，它是根据_______计划、_______教学计划安排并结合学生和场地器材的实际情况编写的。
正确答案：学期单元12．耐久跑的呼吸方法一般要求以_______呼吸为主，以_______呼吸为辅，呼吸_______要有_______。
正确答案：鼻嘴均匀节奏13．武术运动的手型有_______、_______、_______；步型有_______、_______、_______、虚步、歇步。
正确答案：拳掌勾弓步马步仆步14．人们通常把身体素质分为_______、_______、_______、_______、_______等五大素质。
人教版英语八年级上册unit1--6单元课文完形填空习题含答案
人教版英语八年级上册unit1--6单元课文完形填空习题专练8A Unit 1 Reading AWe held a meeting after school. Lucy, Tony, Joyce, Jessica and I were①the meeting.First we decided to elect the chief editor.Tony suggested Joyce. He said, “We should choose Joyce because she②experience. She was the editor of her class newspaper last year.”Then we all voted③her. We elected Joyce to be the chief editor.Then Joyce took charge of the meeting. She said, “We④elect a secretary now.” she asked for suggestions.Jessica said, “Ben should be the secretary, because he has experience too. He was the secretary of the Music Club last year.”Then the others voted for me. They elected me to be the secretary. I started⑤notes.Joyce said, “Lucy, Tony, and Jessica, you will be editors of the paper. You will be responsible for different⑥of the paper.”Lucy asked, “Which sections will we have?”Joyce said, “Talk it over⑦yourselves. We will decide at the next meeting.”Then we made a list of some other things to discuss. For example, how often should we publish the paper? Should it be free for⑧, or shouldthey pay for it? What should we call it?We considered the last question quickly. Lucy said, “We ought to⑨it the Mayfield Sun.”“What about the Mayfield Mirror or the Mayfield Star?” Jessica said. Because we all had different ideas, Joyce said, “We would think about this a bit⑩. We will make a decision about the name at the next meeting.”We agreed to conclude the meeting then. We arranged to have the next meeting in one week’s time.（）①A. in B. on C. at（）②A. have B. has C. had（）③A. to B. by C. for（）④A. ought to B. need C. must（）⑤A. take B. took C. taking（）⑥A. sections B. parts C. kinds（）⑦A. to B. between C. among（）⑧A. students B. teachers C. readers（）⑨A. name B. call C. named（）⑩A. time B. long C. longer8A unit 1 答案Key: CBCACACCBC8A Unit 1 listening BLast week was a very interesting week.Last Monday, our new music room opened. We have many new instruments and a lot of equipments. It opened with a special concert. The concert included a①and several songs. The school band played many of my favourite songs,②Hey Jude by the Beatles. Many students came to the concert with their parents. Everyone enjoyed the evening.Last Thursday evening, the photo club showed some old photos of Guangzhou③. These photos belonged to a student’s mother. Last Saturday, the club also had the members take photos of the same places as ④in the old photos. It is very interesting to see⑤the places have changed.Last Sunday, our school’s⑥volleyball team played and won their last game. Congratulations everyone! The other team from No.7 Middle School, played very well, but in the end they lost the game. Many⑦fans from both schools watched the game.（）①A. play B. game C. match（）②A. including B. such as C. for example（）③A. in the 1950 B. in 1950s C. in the 1950s（）④A. this B. these C. those（）⑤A. / B. how C. what（）⑥A. girl B. girl’s C. girls’（）⑦A. big B. excited C. crazyKey: AACCBCB8A Unit 1 More Practice AZhen Hui was outside the English teacher’s room. She loves English very much. She wanted to discuss①English exercise with her English teacher. She looked a little②nervous.Li Ming left his bag in the playground and he walked back there to③it. When he found it, he looked quite happy.After school, Wang Gang rode out of the school④. He and his best friends planned to go to the cinema. He looked excited.Li Ye felt sick. He went to the⑤. The nurse told him to⑥his mother because he had a high⑦.Sally likes⑧books. She often borrows many books from the school library. She was on her way to the library to return the books.At break, Jia Ming ran to the sports field to play football with his classmates. They⑨practice a lot because they have a match with Class 2 next Wednesday.（）①A. a B. an C. the（）②A. bit B. more C. /（）③A. get B. find C. save（）④A. / B. door C. gate（）⑤A. clinic B. hospital C. restaurant（）⑥A. call B. ask C. phone（）⑦A. ill B. sick C. fever（）⑧A. read B. to read C. reading（）⑨A. need B. have to C. mustKey: BAACACCBB8A Unit 2 Reading ALucy Mr Ken, Why do you like working as a detective?Ken I hope to protect the innocent①find the guilty. Well, let me tell you about a recent case. Mr Li is a rich man. He lives aloneand enjoys②things. He bought a vase③two million dollarsand only showed it to his friends Jill and Jenny. Then he lockedit in the safe inside his house. That night someone stole it, Lireported the④, and I went to his house to look for clues.Lucy Did you find any?Ken Yes, a black pearl earring near the⑤safe. Outside the open window, I also saw a lot of mud on the wet ground. Inside theroom, the carpet was very clean. Then I questions Jill and Jenny.They⑥denied stealing the vase, but I notice Jill wearing ablack pearl necklace. It has the same design as the earring. Luck So Jill was the thief?Ken I wasn’t sure. I needed proof. I showed Jill the earring. She admitted, “I t’s⑦. But someone stole it⑧my house a weekago.” I checked her story. It was true.Lucy I see, so Jill was no longer a suspect. However, what about your⑨clues—the mud outside and the clean carpet inside?Ken They only⑩one thing—no thief broke into Li’s house. So I questioned Li and, in the end, he admitted stealing his own vase.He said, “I bought insurance for the vase. I stole it for theinsurance money.”Li also stole Jill’s earring. He wanted tomake Jill go to jean instead of himself.Lucy Is Li behind bars now?Ken Yes, and Jill is free.（）①A. and B. also C. as well as（）②A. collect B. to collect C. collecting（）③A. for B. about C. more than（）④A. thief B. theft C. robbery（）⑤A. open B. opened C. opening（）⑥A. are B. both C. all（）⑦A. me B. my C. mine（）⑧A. in B. from C. inside（）⑨A. other B. another C. the other（）⑩A. mean B. meant C. meaningKey: CCABABCBAB8A Unit 2 Listening BI wanted to see Jill again, so on my way home①work, I stopped at a telephone box and called her. I invited her to the cinema②evening. She agreed to go with me, so we arranged to meet outside the cinema at seven o’clock.At around quarter past six, I put on my jacket and hat and left the house. I locked the door, but I③to turn off the light in the living room.At that time of day, it is very difficult to④a taxi. I could not find one, so I took the bus⑤. I arrived at the cinema around ten minutes early. Next to the cinema is a bookshop, so I went in to look around⑥I waited for Jill. I started reading a book about world-fames crimes. It was really interesting! In fact, it was so interesting⑦I forgot the time. I was late.When I arrived, Jill was really angry. She refused to speak to me at first. How could I make her happy? “I know!” I thought. “I will buy her some ⑧.” I went to the sweet shop and bought a large bar of chocolate. I was right—it did make her happy, and we went in to see the film.（）①A. to B. for C. from（）②A. in B. at C. that（）③A. forget B. forgot C. remember（）④A. get B. take C. have（）⑤A. instead B. instead of C. to instead（）⑥A. / B. when C. while（）⑦A. so B. that C. lead to（）⑧A. roses B. toys C. chocolateKey: CCBAACBC8A Unit 2 More Practice AYesterday was a very busy day. I solved two cases. The first case was about a bank robbery. A man entered a bank in the city centre with a gun. He took away thousands of①. The bank manager called the police, but it was too late. The robber②away. The suspect in the case was Tim Smith. At first, Tim denied③the robber. He said he was watching a film in the cinema at the time of the robbery. However, I had proof. One of the customers in the bank at that time took a photo. It showed Tim Smith in the bank,④ a gun. I showed the photo to Tim. He⑤admitted his crime.In the second case, a lady called Susan Brown bought a beautiful vase forfifty thousand dollars. The owner of the shop called the police because Susan had used⑥banknotes to pay for the vase. We⑦her to the police station. She said that she got the notes from the bank and that the bank clerk must have⑧her. However, when I searched her flat, I found half a million dollars in forged notes. She kept them in a safe in the wall. Susan then admitted printing the notes herself. I returned the beautiful vase to the shop.（）①A. money B. yuans C. dollars（）②A. run B. went C. got（）③A. making B. being C. having（）④A. carry B. carried C. carrying（）⑤A. then B. had to C. still（）⑥A. forget B. forgot C. forged（）⑦A. took B. brought C. called（）⑧A. fooled B. joked C. jokingKey: CCBCACBA8A Unit 3 Reading AHidden helpersNot so many years ago, you hardly①saw computers. Now they seem to be everywhere.There are also many hidden “computers” in your home, but you②be unaware of them. For example, there may be one inside your TV set, telephone or washing machine.You are more③on computers than you know.What kind of jobs can a computer do?Computers are probably the best calculators in the world. They are faster ④calculating than people, and they rarely give wrong answers. They can also type, print and draw things like diagrams and graphs. They can teach you many things and also play games with you. More⑤, they can operate railways (⑥the underground) and fly planes and spaceships. For⑦reasons, we sometimes call them “electronic brains”.Is a computer cleverer than I am?The answer to this question is, for the time being, “No”. You have⑧understanding of the meaning of things than computers and can also create new ideas of you own. However, one day computers may be able to do⑨things than a human brain. In the future, they may even be better at doing their jobs than doctors, judges and teachers.This raises interesting questions. How⑩computers change our lives? Will we have nothing to do? Will computers make our lives better or worse in the future?（）①A. / B. ever C. even（）②A. should B. may C. might（）③A. dependent B. interested C. enjoy（）④A. in B. on C. at（）⑤A. important B . importantly C. useful（）⑥A. / B. like C. such as（）⑦A. that B. this C. these（）⑧A. great B. greater C. greatly（）⑨A. more B. many C. much（）⑩A. will B. can C. couldKey: BCACBBCBAA8A Unit 3 Reading BHow do we give computer instructions?We give a computer instructions①putting different programs into it. “Computer programmers” write computer programs. It is essential for②people not to make mistakes.③, the computer will not work well.A computer needs different programs to do different④. For example, playing games, writing letters and drawing pictures all need different programs. There are also different languages for different programs.⑤a program, people need to know this language. Sometimes a computer programmer may know many different languages.⑥, computer languages are not spoken languages like Chinese or English⑦writtenlanguages. Also, only the computer and the programmer can understand them!CD-ROMs and DVE-ROMsMany computers have CD-ROM or DVD-ROM⑧. A CD-ROM can hold over 300,000 pages of writing, and may also contain pictures and sounds. A DVD-ROM can hold even more⑨. So, you can use them on you computer to read about the most famous people in the world today. You can also see photographs⑩videos of people, and even listen to them speaking. According to some people, CD-ROMs and DVD-ROMs will become even more popular than books.（）①A. by B. with C. in（）②A. the B. this C. these（）③A. In fact B. However C. Otherwise（）④A. things B. jobs C, work（）⑤A. Write B. To write C. Writing（）⑥A. In fact B. However C. Otherwise（）⑦A. but B. it’s C. so（）⑧A. / B. driver C. drives（）⑨A. letters B. words C. information（）⑩A. or B. and C. /Key: ACCBBBACCA8A Unit 3 More Practice BA research team in the USA first had the idea of①computers together in the 1960s. They wanted computers in universities, research departments and the military to communicate with ②and share information. At that time, computers were bigger than fridges. People could not move them③. Computers were also complicated and difficult to use.Slowly, more and more people started to link their computers together. Then businessmen started to use the Internet④. Today, people all over the world are⑤the Internet.There is a wide range of services on the Internet. For example, we can use it to communicate with other people. The most popular way to communicate is through electronic mail, or “e-mail”. We can also use services such as MSN messenger⑥Skype. We can use these services to send instant messages to people near of far away.The Internet⑦us to use to World Wide Web (also⑧as WWW or the Web). The web is many connected pages of information. We can use the Web to read news and learn about our favourite sports stars or singers. The Internet⑨changed our lives. Now we can contact the whole world with the computers⑩our homes.（）①A. link B. linked C. linking（）②A. each other B. the others C. the other（）③A. easy B. easily C. easier（）④A. too B. also C. as well（）⑤A. use B. used C. using（）⑥A. or B. and C. with（）⑦A. allow B. allows C. allowing（）⑧A. called B. named C. known（）⑨A. have B. haven C. has（）⑩A. in B. on C. atKey: CABACABCCA8A Unit 4 Listening BGood evening, everyone. Welcome to “History①a minute”. Tonight, we are going to talk about the ancient Olympic Games.The first Olympic Games②thousands of years ago in Greece. People started the Olympic Games to③respect to the gods. They would pray to their gods in the morning and then have the games in the afternoon. The first Olympic Games only④for one day! In modern times, the Olympic Games last for two weeks. In the modern Olympics, we have many different kinds of sports, but in the ancient Olympic Games, there were only⑤ten kinds of sports.One last fact—thousands of years ago,⑥women could not watch the games.⑦, they would be punished! Here is a story about a woman at the ancient Olympic Games in Greece. Her name was Helen. Helen’s son Rodus⑧the competition of running in the Olympic Games. Helen wanted to watch Rodus run, so she made herself⑨like a soldier and entered the stadium. Unfortunately, Helen was found inside the stadium. Rodus won the⑩, but his mother was punished.（）①A. in B. for C. with（）②A. started B. began C. happened（）③A. show B. showed C. showing（）④A. last B. lasts C. lasted（）⑤A. about B. less than C. more than（）⑥A. marry B. married C. marrying（）⑦A. Or B. However C. Otherwise（）⑧A. join B. join in C. took part in（）⑨A. like B. looks C. looked（）⑩A. competition B. match C. gameKey: BCACABCCAA8A Unit 4 More Practice BReligion was very important to the ancient Greeks. In①opinion, itwould make their lives better and also the gods and goddesses would take care of them after they②.The Greeks believed in many different gods and③. These gods and goddesses controlled everything in their④and the environment. It was important to make them happy—happy gods and goddesses helped you, but unhappy⑤punished you.Zeus is the⑥of the Greek gods. Zeus is lord of the sky, and the god of rain. Zeus is married to Hera. She is the goddess of marriage and childbirth. Poseidon is the brother⑦f Zeus. He is the god of the sea. Aphrodite is the goddess of love and⑧. Aphrodite rises from the waves of the sea. She makes everyone⑨love.There are also gods and goddesses of the home, of war, of music, of the city and of fire. The Greeks held many festivals to show respect to them. They⑩temples to be the gods and goddesses’homes. People prayed and gave gifts to the gods and goddesses to make their wishes come true—for a good harvest, or for a good journey, or for their children to become beautiful.（）①A. my B. his C. their（）②A. die B. died C. death（）③A. godess B. goddess C. goddesses（）④A. life B. live C. lives（）⑤A. one B. ones C. once（）⑥A. ruler B. king C. queen（）⑦A. on B. to C. of（）⑧A. beauty B. beautiful C. beautied（）⑨A. feel B. fall C. fell（）⑩A. build B. built C. buildedKey: CBCCBACAAB8A Unit 5 Reading BIn 1904, Mrs Bess clarke of Washington State, the USA, saw a long, dark tree trunk in a lake. As she moved①, she saw the trunk②in the water. It looked very③. Mrs Clarke described seeing a strange creature. It was black in colour, with a head in the shape of a triangle, round eyes, and a long tail. Based④her description, scientists regarded it as a kind of sea dinosaur, they called it Bess.Since then, many people saw Bess in the⑤lake. They described Bess as a dark, snake-like creature with a long tail. John Lee has studied strange creatures and monsters⑥. In 1990, he set up a video camera near the lake to try to film Bess. One morning john saw the creature swimming near the surface of the lake. The creature appeared suddenly ⑦of the water and had the same appearance as the one nearly 100 years ago. John Lee took a film that day. It showed a creature about 100 metreslong with a very small head.In 1992, Ron Smith reported⑧Bess and three other similar creatures in the same lake. The bodies of the three other creatures were⑨different. They seemed to be another kind of sea creature.According to Dr David Dino, the world-famous expert on strange creatures, it is possible that sea monsters are living in many great lakes ⑩the world.（）①A. near B. close C. closer（）②A. moving B. moved C. move（）③A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten（）④A. in B. on C. at（）⑤A. / B. same C. different（）⑥A. his life B. his live C. all his life（）⑦A. out B. went out C. inside（）⑧A. see B. saw C. seeing（）⑨A. very B. quite C. quiet（）⑩A. in B. all C. aroundKey: CAABBCACBC8A Unit 5 More Practice ASally felt frightened when she saw a huge, dead monster on the①inAustralia. It was hairy and very smelly. “It was horrible,” said Sally. “It was in the shape of a tree trunk, and it looked like a monster.” Nobody ②what the monster was.Do you believe that dragons exist? Nobody has③seen a dragon, but there are still many drawings of dragons④the world. They have wings and sharp claws, and they breathe fire. Dragons represent different things in different cultures.⑤, the Chinese dragon lives in the sky and⑥all the water on Earth. One type of dragon lives in the sky and controls all the water on Earth. One type of dragon really does exist and⑦is the Sea Dragon. It is found in the seas of Australia it is about 45 centimetres long. There is a strange thing about this creature—the males⑧the babies. Some males live for more than twenty years and give birth twice a year.Have you ever seen a jellyfish? There is one type of jellyfish called the Sea Wasp. It looks like a harmless sea creature. It has no head, no brain and is 99% water. However, its sting can kill. If you get stung by one of these⑨, you have four minutes to get help, or die!（）①A. beach B. road C. lake（）②A. know B. knows C. knew（）③A. been B. ever C. even（）④A. in B. all C. around（）⑤A. However B. Otherwise C. For example（）⑥A. controls B. controlled C. controlling（）⑦A. it B. that C. /（）⑧A. give B. gave C. have（）⑨A. creature B. dragon C. monsterKey: ABBCCABCA8A Unit 6 Reading AWang Damin sits on the side of the river. He is cooking①, with a large bird on his head. The bird is a cormorant, and Damin is a②. He is over 60 now but still works every day and is still③to control his raft on the river. He lives and works with his cormorants on this river. Cormorants are large black birds, about a metre long. They are good at ④fish because they can swim⑤⑥water. Their large feet are used to push them quickly through the water.Damin does not require nets to catch fish. That is done for him by his twelve cormorants. Damin begins his work on his bamboo⑦with his birds in the late afternoon. The birds swim down and catch fish. A piece of grass is tied around the neck of each bird, so it cannot swallow the fish. They⑧the fish back to the raft. The fish are then removed from the birds’ mouths and thrown into a big basket by Damin. At night, a light is hung from the front of the raft.⑨helps Damin see better, and alsoattracts the fish. Later, some of the fish are sold, and the rest are divided between Damin’s family and the cormorants.Cormorant fishing is a⑩Chinese skill. However, few young people are interested in doing his type of work any more. Modern fishing methods are now widely used.In 50 years, perhaps cormorant fishermen will no longer exist in the world.（）①A. meal B. a meal C. dinner（）②A. fish B. fisher C. fisherman（）③A. enough strong B. strong enough C. strongly（）④A. catch B. catches C. catching（）⑤A. well B. good C. nice（）⑥A. in B. under C. inside（）⑦A. raft B. boat C. ship（）⑧A. take B. took C. bring（）⑨A. It B. This C. That（）⑩A. tradition B. traditional C. customsKey: BCBCABACBB8A Unit 6 More Practice AOur company is①a new scientist to join our busy team.About us: We are international company and we are②different types of paint. We hope to create a paint that dries very quickly and has no③smell. If we successful, we will sell this paint around the world.About you: You must have experience④working in a laboratory. You must have the experience of working with⑤.Our laboratory often has a bad smell. It is also very noise. You must be able to work well in this difficult environment. You need to work calmly and not get excited or⑥when there is a lot of work to do. You must have a good sense of humour and⑦g telling jokes. You must have the ability to work alone and also as part of a team.We are looking for a very⑧t person. You need to be able to work quickly and correctly. There is a lot of paperwork. You must like writing reports and be⑨expert in computer technology.The job requires you to travel a lot and sometimes work in the evening and at weekends.If you think you are the right person for the job, contact us today!（）①A. looking for B. looking to C. looking forward（）②A. research for B. researching for C. researching（）③A. pleasant B. unpleasant C. uncomfortable（）④A. in B. on C. at（）⑤A. print B. paint C. printing（）⑥A. sad B. unset C. sadly（）⑦A. enjoy B. enjoys C. enjoying （）⑧A. efficient B. interested C. excited （）⑨A. a B. an C. theKey: ACBCBBCAB。
画法几何与机械制图_习题集(含答案)
《画法几何与机械制图》课程习题集一、填空题11.注出P、Q平面和AB、CD直线的另二个投影，并按它们对投影面的相对位置填空。
2.注出P、Q平面和AB、CD直线的另二个投影，并按它们对投影面的相对位置填空。
3.注出P、Q平面和AB、CD直线的另二个投影，并按它们对投影面的相对位置填空。
4.注出P、Q平面和AB、CD直线的另二个投影，并按它们对投影面的相对位置填空。
5.判断并填写两直线的相对位置关系。
二、综合设计题6.分析下列螺纹及其连接的错误，在其右方做出正确的视图。
7.分析下列螺纹及其连接的错误，在其右方做出正确的视图。
8.读懂拨叉图，并填空：1、图中B—B是断面图；K是视图；2、在图上标出零件长、宽、高三个方向的尺寸基准；3、零件属于类零件，这种零件一般需要的视图表示，其材料是（写出牌号）；4、图中右上角符号“”表示。
9.读懂轴的零件图，填空并补画出断面图B-B。
1、表达轴类零件结构一般采用个基本视图，此视图必定是视图。
2、该零件要求表面粗糙度的最小值是。
3、在图中用箭头和指引线指出高度和宽度尺寸基准。
4、6φ表示。
26k5、该零件的AA-是断面图，该零件有个退刀槽，6、图右上角表示。
7、补画出轴上（B-B）断面图。
10.读懂下面阀杆的零件图，并填空：1、该零件长度方向的尺寸基准是、高度方向的尺寸基准是。
2、图中右上角注出的“其余”的含义是。
3、图中尺寸12是；50是；SR20是。
（总体尺寸、定位尺寸或者定形尺寸）4、11表示基本尺寸是，基本偏差代号是，公差等级代号是。
18d5、阀杆零件的材料是（填牌号）。
三、作图题111.分析下列形体，标注其尺寸（从图中直接量取，取整数）。
12.对下面的形体进行尺寸标注（取整，四舍五入）。
13.分析下列形体，标注其尺寸（从图中直接量取，保留一位小数）。
14.标注组合体的尺寸（取整数，四舍五入）。
15.对下面形体进行尺寸标注（取整，四舍五入）。
16.读懂两视图，补画第三视图。
大学英语1完形填空题及答案
大学英语1完形填空题及答案【完形填空一】Rose was telling her granddaughter Lily stories about how she had written a best-selling __1__ in her early 30's.“Did you always know you wanted to be a __2__,Grandma？”asked Lily.Rose smiled at her granddaughter.“ I __3__ knew it on my first day of primary school.”“I felt like that on my first day of primary school too! It was singing.I used to be sure that I would be a singer,” saidLily.“Why‘used to’,Lily？” Rose asked.“Well,” began Lily,“I __4__ be the best singer in the class.But there was a new girl coming to my class,and she was better at singing than I was.What was the point(意义) of __5__ as she was much better than me？”“You know,Lily,” Rose said,“Although I was the best at writing in primary and middle school,when I got into high school,I met a girl in my English class.She was always the best writer.I used to __6__ because of it,thinking that I was no longer the best writer：I was __7__.”“So what did you do？” Lily asked.“I did what any person would do.” said Rose.“I did everything to be better than her.”“Did you ever write better than her in your class？” Lily asked.“No.But I realized that it wasn't about being the best outof everyone,it was about being the very best that I could be.So I __8__ my love for writing,and look where I am now…” Rose __9__.“Wow！” said Lily in surprise.“But what's that girl doing now？”“Who knows,but there's one thing I am __10__：she hasn't written a best-selling book yet.”1. [单选题] *A.magazineB.newspaperC.book(正确答案)D.dictionary2. [单选题] *A.singerB.writer(正确答案)C.teacherD.doctor3. [单选题] *A.hardlyB.already(正确答案)C.onceD.get4. [单选题] *ed to(正确答案)B.tried toC.wanted toD.hoped to5. [单选题] *A.workingB.thinkingC.makingD.trying(正确答案)6. [单选题] *A.changeB.imagineC.cry(正确答案)D.smile7. [单选题] *A.nobody(正确答案)B.somebodyC.anybodyD.everybody8. [单选题] *A.brokeB.followed(正确答案)C.startedD.ended9. [单选题] *A.shoutedB.smiled(正确答案)C.agreedD.cried10. [单选题] *A.sure(正确答案)B.worriedC.satisfiedD.interested【完形填空二】You should try to have a good relationship with your neighbours，because you never know__1__you may need their help.If they do something to annoy(让……不高兴) you，it is__2__ to discuss it in a polite way than to have an argument(争论) about it.For example，if your neighbours are playing loud music that you do not like，ask them politely to__3__the music instead of__4__ the police directly for help.Trees and fences(围栏) can also be a__5__of disagreement between neighbours.My grandmother likes sitting__6__ in the sun after lunch，but her neighbour has put up a high fence that__7__ sunshine from going into her yard in the early afternoon.My grandmother does not want to be__8__ with him，because he__9__her a lot of support when my grandfather died last year.So she went to talk with the neighbour in a friendly way.Then，her neighbour lowered the fence just enough to give her some sunshine__10__ losing his privacy (私人空间)．My grandmother cut down the tree that was above his garden and dropped leaves all over his lawn(草坪) in the autumn.Finally，they reached an agreement which made both pleased.1. [单选题] *A.after B．beforeC．while D．when(正确答案)2. [单选题] *A.more B．bestC．most D．better(正确答案)3. [单选题] *A.turn down(正确答案)B．turn upC．turn off D．turn on4. [单选题] *A.going B．shoutingC．calling(正确答案)D．getting5. [单选题] *A.corner B．cause(正确答案)C．result D．message6. [单选题] *A.inside B．intoC．outside(正确答案)D．onto7. [单选题] *A.stops(正确答案)B．opensC．shows D．steals8. [单选题] *A.lonely B．sillyC．angry(正确答案)D．awful9. [单选题] *A.took B．carriedC．bought D．gave(正确答案)10. [单选题] *A.within B．without(正确答案)C．along D．above【完形填空三】Bike-sharing is a new choice for short journeys in cities.It isgood to the __1__ development of the big cities.A __2__ by a company found that shared bikes started the nation's __3__ for bikes again.Now more and more Chinese people are __4__ bikes instead of cars to make short journeys in cities.An engineer of that company says that since the __5__ of shared bikes,people have made fewer trips by car.The love for shared bikes is not only among __6__ people,who were born in the 1980s and 1990s,but also among people over sixty.On weekends,the number of the riders in Shenzhen reaches the __7__ of all cities.On weekdays,the number of people who use shared bikes to go to work is __8__ in Shanghai.It is said that bike-sharing will help __9__ the cities' environment.It not only helps solve the traffic problems,but also will help to make more use of __10__ in cities.Take Beijing as an example,if more people choose shared bikes,an area of five Bird's Nest stadiums(体育场) will be saved.1. [单选题] *A.slowB.healthy(正确答案)C.harmfulD.quick2. [单选题] *A.ruleB.planC.report(正确答案)D.hope3. [单选题] *A.searchB.love(正确答案)C.preparationD.regret4. [单选题] *A.choosing(正确答案)B.pushingC.repairingD.making5. [单选题] *A.endB.start(正确答案)C.controlD.expect6. [单选题] *A.strongB.weakC.oldD.young(正确答案)7. [单选题] *A.top(正确答案)B.sideC.cornerD.bottom8. [单选题] *ing overB.putting offC.going up(正确答案)D.giving away9. [单选题] *A.improve(正确答案)B.separateC.experienceD.examine10. [单选题] *A.airB.timeC.space(正确答案)D.water。
瓦检员考试题及答案(1)
瓦斯检查工安全技术技术比武试题（1）一、填空题1、国家安全生产方针是安全第一，预防为主。
2、《煤矿安全规程》规定煤矿企业必须对职工进行安全培训。
未经安全培训的，不得上岗作业。
特种作业人员必须按国家有关规定培训合格，取得操作资格证书，方可上岗作业。
3、串联通风指一个用风地点的回风再进入其他用风地点的通风方式。
4、扩散通风是指利用空气分子的自然扩散运动对掘进工作面或硐室进行通风的方法，适用条件是硐室深度不超过6米，入口宽度不小于1.5米而又无瓦斯涌出的。
5、矿井通风方法有抽出式、压入式和抽压混合式。
6、矿井五大自然灾害是水、火、瓦斯、煤尘、顶板。
7、矿井火灾可分为内因火灾和外因火灾两种。
火灾三要素是热源、可燃物和空气。
8、《规程》规定：生产矿井采掘工作面温度不得超过26℃，机电硐室设备温度不得超过30℃。
9、瓦斯的涌出形式分为普通涌出和特殊涌出。
普通涌出有绝对瓦斯涌出量和相对瓦斯涌出量两种表示方法。
10、局部瓦斯积聚当出现浓度达到2%，体积在0.5米3以上积存瓦斯时，称为局部瓦斯积聚。
11、矿井瓦斯等级可分为低瓦斯矿井、高瓦斯矿井和煤与瓦斯突出矿井。
12、盲巷是指长度大于6米而不通风或通风不良的独头巷道。
13、瓦斯检查三对口是指瓦检牌板、瓦检手册、瓦斯台帐三对口。
14、采煤面的温度测量应选在运煤道空间距回风道口15米处的风流中，掘进工作面空气温度的测点应选在工作面距迎头2米处。
采掘工作面的温度测量不应靠近人体、发热或制冷设备，至少要距离0.5米。
15、矿井总回风巷或一翼回风巷中瓦斯或二氧化碳浓度超过0.75%时，必须立即查明原因，进行处理。
16、采区回风巷、采掘工作面回风巷风流中的瓦斯浓度超过1.0%或二氧化碳浓度超过1.5%时，必须停止作业、撤出人员、采取措施、进行处理。
17、在局部通风机及其开关附近10米以内风流中，瓦斯浓度都不超过0.5%时，方可人工开启局部通风机。
18、采掘工作面的进风流中，按体积计算，氧气浓度不得低于20%，二氧化碳不得超过0.5%。
《道路工程材料》习题册参考答案(全) (1)
《道路工程材料》习题册参考答案绪论及第一章岩石一、填空题1、密度、孔隙率2、常温常压煮沸真空抽气3、直接冻融法质量损失百分率耐冻系数4、耐冻系数抗冻性5、抗压强度磨耗率6、分计筛余百分率累计筛余百分率通过百分率7、细度模数8、吸水率饱和吸水率9、自由吸水煮沸真空抽气10、酸性碱性中性11、4.75mm、2.36 mm12 国家标准、部委行业标准、地方标准、企业标准GB ， QB13 标准名称，标准分类，标准编号，颁布年份14 岩浆岩，沉积岩，变质岩15 3%二、选择题1、C2、B3、A4、B5、D6、B7、B8、D9、D 10、D 11、C 12、D 13、A三、判断题1、×2、√3、×4、√5、×6、×7、√8、×9、√ 10、×四、术语1、碱-集料（骨料）反应——胶凝材料（如水泥）中含有碱性氧化物（Na2O,K2O），与集料中含有的活性成分（如SiO2）发生化学反应，生成物导致结构破坏的现象。
2、密度——在规定条件下，材料在绝对密实状态下的单位体积的质量。
3、表观密度——材料在自然状态下单位体积的质量。
4、毛体积密度（岩石）——在规定条件下，烘干岩石矿质实体包括孔隙（开口和闭口孔隙）体积在内的单位毛体积的质量。
5、孔隙率——是指岩石孔隙体积占岩石总体积（包括开口和闭口孔隙）的百分率。
6、比强度——材料强度与其密度的比值。
7、抗冻性（岩石）——是指岩石能够经受反复冻结和融化而不破坏，并不严重降低岩石强度的能力。
8、级配——是指集料中各种粒径颗粒的搭配比例或分布情况。
五、计算1、烧结粘土砖进行抗压试验，干燥状态下的破坏荷载为207KN，饱和水状态下的破坏荷载为172.5KN，砖的受压面积均为115×120mm2。
试问该砖能否用于水中结构。
解：软化系数172.5/172.50.8330.85207/207RAKA===<该砖不能用于水中结构。
大学英语1-5单元选词填空题目+答案
英语课后习题 Unit11. Young as she is, Mary is very good at handling difficult customers.2. After explaining his plan in great detail, Bob summarized its main points in a few sentences.3. The newly-elected government has begun the painful process of working out its policies and str ategies.4. At first, Tom found it difficult to absorb what his teachers said in class.5. You are bound to fail the exam if you don't do any revision (复习).6. Please feel free to call on us whenever you like.7. There are jobs more dangerous than truck driving, for instance, training lions.8. The marketing department is working on new strategies to improve the company's share of the market.9. Many of the students complained that the exam was too hard.10. After reading the text three times, the clever boy has committed it to memory.11. The doctor insisted that everything would be alright. Nevertheless, I cannot help feeling anxio us about the safety of the child.12. Nowadays we rely more and more on computers to help us in doing everything.13. Apart from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill.14. After spending a year in Australia, the little girl has gained quite a good command of spoken E nglish.Unit2Though she is nearly 65, Mary doesn’t want to retireTom invented a device to make the door shut by itself.I’ll contact you by telephone when I hear anything new.The boy conquered his fear of the dark and walked alone in the woods at night.He gave up his seat on the bus to an old woman standing nearbyDo you believe that a 15-year-old girl has translated this English story into Chinese all by herself The whole journey was a nightmare we lost our luggage and we arrived two days late.He is a man of great ability. I am sure that a lot will be accomplished if he is elected chairman of t he student union.Jack arrived an hour late for the meeting. Moreover, he didn’t even apologize or give any explanation.He says you are by far the best candidateIn those days the Portuguese were trying to reach India by sailing round Africa, but Columbus wa s determined to prove that India could be reached by sailing west.The boat turn over , throwing the boys into the water.Fortunately , the fire was discovered soon after it had started.Payment may be made in any of the following ways: by cash, by cheque, or by credit card.In spite of all the efforts they did not succeedUnit3If you have worked hard at other times ,you won’t have to sit up all night before the exams.I think we should let Mary go camping with her classmates. After all , she is a big girl now. Since you are so busy ,you do need a very efficient secretary.As a fireman, you must be ready to endure hardships and even suffer death.They did a lot of extra work but refused to take any extra pay.Let’ go to the park .It’s just round the corner.Prof. Smith is not a stranger to us .We’ve met him on several occasions.Jim had a minor problem with his car ,but he fixed it himself.They’ve arranged for her to be operated on by the best doctors.Our history professor explained the primary cause of the First World War.The old lady likes to be alone, and only goes out on very rare occasions.He hasn’t got enough clothes on—look, he’s trembling with cold.After much thought ,we reluctantly agreed to let him go .To the old lady’s great disappointment Myra did not come ,nor did she send her any present. Unit41. Being a sailor (水手) long involves periods of time away from home.2. The mayor put forward a proposal to improve public transportation.3. Both parents should take equal responsibility for the emotional needs of their children.4.At first glance the essay looked quite good, but actually it was full of mistakes.5. Though Washington, D.C. is the seat of government of the United States, New York is actually the nation's most important city.6. He was so disturbed to hear of his mother's illness that he could no longer concentrate onhis studies.7. A typical summer day in that area is hot and dry.8. Mr. Smith kept thinking hard, but failed to come up with a workable plan.9. Enid considered teaching a worthwhile career (职业).10. Einstein once said: " Imagination is more important than knowledge."11. The government is taking effective measures to overcome current difficulties.12. The houses in our neighborhood are very expensive.13. I am afraid the gap that the between rich and poor is still widening in our country.14. His spare-time activities include cooking, tennis and swimming.Unit51.A typical example of this kind of dinosaur (恐龙) is shown in the illustration at the top of the page.2. The story is beautifully illustrated and is sure to attract children of all ages.3. There are plastic (塑料制的) and wooden garduen chairs but the latter are more expensive.4. Frank enclosed a letter with the English novel which he sent to me.5. Do you think Helen has the right qualifications for the job?6. Henry listened and heard nothing but the echoes of his own voice.7. An increase in average temperature by only a few degrees could cause environmental problem s worldwide8. Mom told me to put my dirty clothes in the laundry basket.9. This computer is ancient – I've got to get a new one.10. Let Susan have the chocolate biscuits because they are her favorites.11. Just now I saw George hurrying upstairs with a large package of books under his arm.12. I'm improving greatly! I got a B for last week's composition and an A minus for this.13. The parcel had been damaged in transit (运输) and was held together with a sting14. If you drive a car all your life, the are that you'll have an odds accident at some point。
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一、填空题1．承受动力荷载作用的钢结构，应选用 综合性能好 的钢材。
2．冷作硬化会改变钢材的性能，将使钢材的 强度 提高， 塑性、韧性 降低。
3．钢材五项机械性能指标是 屈服强度 、 抗拉强度 、 延伸率 、 冷弯性能 、 冲击韧性 。
4．钢材中氧的含量过多，将使钢材出现 热脆 现象。
5．钢材含硫量过多，高温下会发生 热脆 ，含磷量过多，低温下会发生 冷脆 。
6．时效硬化会改变钢材的性能，将使钢材的 强度 提高， 塑性、韧性 降低。
7．钢材在250ºC 度附近有 强度 提高 塑性、韧性 降低现象，称之为蓝脆现象。
8．钢材的冲击韧性值越大,表示钢材抵抗脆性断裂的能力越 强 。
9．钢材牌号Q235－BF,其中235表示 屈服强度 ,B 表示 质量等级为B 级 ,F 表示 沸腾钢 。
`10．钢材的三脆是指 热脆 、 冷脆 、 蓝脆 。
11．钢材在250ºC 度附近有 强度 提高 塑性、韧性 降低现象，称之为蓝脆现象。
12．焊接结构选用焊条的原则是,计算焊缝金属强度宜与母材强度 相适应，一般采用等强度原则 。
13．钢材中含有C 、P 、N 、S 、O 、Cu 、Si 、Mn 、V 等元素,其中 N 、O 为有害的杂质元素。
14．衡量钢材塑性性能的主要指标是 伸长率 。
15．.结构的可靠指标β越大,其失效概率越 小 。
16．承重结构的钢材应具有 抗拉强度 、 屈服点 、 伸长率 和 硫 、 磷极限含量 的合格保证,对焊接结构尚应具有 碳极限含量 的合格保证;对于重级工作制和起重量对于或大于50 t 中级工作制焊接吊车梁、吊车桁架或类似结构的钢材,应具有 冷弯试验的 的合格保证。
17．冷弯性能合格是鉴定钢材在弯曲状态下 塑性应变能力 和 钢材质量 的综合指标。
18． 冷弯性能 是判别钢材塑性变形能力和钢材质量的综合指标。
19．薄板的强度比厚板略 高 。
^20．采用手工电弧焊焊接Q345钢材时应采用 E50 焊条。
21．焊接残余应力不影响构件的 强度 。
22．角焊缝的最小计算长度不得小于max 5.1t 和 焊件厚度 。
23．承受静力荷载的侧面角焊缝的最大计算长度是 。
24．在螺栓连接中，最小端距是 2d 0 。
25．在螺栓连接中，最小栓距是 3d 0 。
26．普通螺栓连接,当板叠厚度∑t 〉5d 时 (d －螺栓直径),连接可能产生 栓杆受弯 破坏。
27．钢材的抗剪强度与屈服点的关系式是y v f f 58.0=。
28．单个普通螺栓承压承载力设计值b c b c f t d N ⨯⨯=∑，式中∑t 表示 受力方向承压构件总厚度的较小值 。
29．普通螺栓连接靠 螺栓杆 传递剪力；摩擦型高强度螺栓连接靠 摩擦力 传递剪力。
…30.手工焊焊接Q235钢，一般采用 E43 型焊条。
31.焊接结构在焊缝附近形成热影响区,该区材质 存在缺陷 。
32.侧面角焊缝连接或正面角焊缝的计算长度不宜f h 60>。
33.承压型高强度螺栓仅用于 承受非动力荷载 结构的连接中。
34.采用手工电弧焊焊接Q345钢材时应采用 E50 焊条。
fh 6035.承受动力荷载的侧面角焊缝的最大计算长度是f h 40。
36．轴心受压构件的承载能力极限状态有 强度 和 稳定性 。
37．格构式轴心受压构件的等稳定性的条件 绕虚轴与绕实轴的长细比相同 。
38．双轴对称的工字型截面轴压构件失稳时的屈曲形式是 弯曲 屈曲。
39. 单轴对称截面的轴心受压构件，当构件绕对称轴失稳时发生 弯扭 屈曲。
40．轴心受压构件的缺陷有 残余应力 、 初始偏心 、 初始曲率 。
—41．轴心受压构件的屈曲形式有 弯曲屈曲 、 扭转屈曲 、 弯扭曲屈曲 。
42．对于缀板式格构柱，单肢不失稳的条件是 单肢稳定承载力不小于整体稳定承载力 ，且不大于 容许长细比 。
43．缀条式格构柱的缀条设计时按 轴心受力 构件计算。
44．对于缀条式格构柱，单肢不失稳的条件是 单肢稳定承载力不小于整体稳定承载力 。
45．按《钢结构设计规范》，就一般情况而言，为做到轴心受压构件对两主轴的等稳定，应使 两主轴方向长细比相同 。
46．轴压柱的柱脚中锚栓直径应 根据构造 确定。
47．在轴心压力一定的前提下,轴压柱脚底板的面积是由 基础混凝土的局压强度 决定的。
48．工字形轴压构件翼缘局部稳定保证条件是根据 三边简支一边自由的均匀的受压板 导出的。
49．轴压构件腹板局部稳定保证条件是yw f t h /235)5.025(/0λ+≤。
50．为保证组合梁腹板的局部稳定性,当满足170/800≤<w t h 时,应 设置横向加劲肋 。
~51．焊接工字形梁腹板高厚比y w f t h 2351700>时，为保证腹板不发生局部失稳，应设置 横向加劲肋 和 纵向加劲肋 。
52．梁的最小高度是由 强度 控制的。
53．组合梁的局稳公式是按 限制受压翼缘板的宽厚比和腹板的高厚比 原则确定。
54．支承加劲肋应验算的内容是 在腹板平面外的稳定性 、 承压强度计算 、 与腹板的连接焊缝计算 。
55．钢梁在集中荷载作用下，若局部承压强度不满足应采取的措施是 设置支承加劲肋 。
56．按正常使用极限状态计算时,受弯构件要限制 挠度 ,拉、压构件要限制 长细比 。
57．荷载作用在上翼缘的梁较荷载作用在下翼缘的梁整体稳定承载力 高 。
58．承受静力荷载或间接承受动力荷载的工形截面压弯构件，其强度计算公式中，塑性发展系数γx 取。
59．工字形受弯构件翼缘板的局部稳定保证条件是根据__单向均匀受压板的临界力____导出的。
60．工字形截面组合梁的抗弯强度计算考虑部分截面发展塑性时,其受压件翼缘板的外伸宽度应满足y f t b /23513/≤。
{61．组合梁腹板与翼缘间的连接焊缝受__剪__；当该焊缝为角焊缝时,最大计算长度f h 60。
62．实腹式压弯构件在弯矩平面内屈曲形式为 弯曲失稳 。
63. 实腹式压弯构件在弯矩平面外屈曲形式为 弯扭失稳 。
64.压弯构件的刚性柱脚中的锚栓直径应按 构造 确定。
65.按正常使用极限状态计算时,受弯构件要限制 最大挠度 ,拉、压构件要限制 长细比 。
三、简答题1．简述哪些因素对钢材性能有影响化学成分；冶金缺陷；钢材硬化；温度影响；应力集中；反复荷载作用。
2．钢结构用钢材机械性能指标有哪几些承重结构的钢材至少应保证哪几项指标满足要求钢材机械性能指标有：抗拉强度、伸长率、屈服点、冷弯性能、冲击韧性；?承重结构的钢材应保证下列三项指标合格：抗拉强度、伸长率、屈服点。
3．钢材两种破坏现象和后果是什么钢材有脆性破坏和塑性破坏。
塑性破坏前，结构有明显的变形，并有较长的变形持续时间，可便于发现和补救。
钢材的脆性破坏，由于变形小并突然破坏，危险性大。
4．选择钢材屈服强度作为静力强度标准值以及将钢材看作是理想弹性一塑性材料的依据是什么选择屈服强度f y 作为钢材静力强度的标准值的依据是：①他是钢材弹性及塑性工作的分界点，且钢材屈服后，塑性变开很大（2%~3%），极易为人们察觉，可以及时处理，避免突然破坏；②从屈服开始到断裂，塑性工作区域很大，比弹性工作区域约大200倍，是钢材极大的后备强度，且抗拉强度和屈服强度的比例又较大（Q235的f u /f y ≈~）,这二点一起赋予构件以f y 作为强度极限的可靠安全储备。
将钢材看作是理想弹性—塑性材料的依据是：①对于没有缺陷和残余应力影响的试件，比较极限和屈服强度是比较接近（f p =~f y ），又因为钢材开始屈服时应变小（εy ≈%）因此近似地认为在屈服点以前钢材为完全弹性的，即将屈服点以前的б-ε图简化为一条斜线；②因为钢材流幅相当长（即ε从%到2%~3%），而强化阶段的强度在计算中又不用，从而将屈服点后的б-ε图简化为一条水平线。
5．什么叫做冲击韧性什么情况下需要保证该项指标韧性是钢材抵抗冲击荷载的能力，它用材料在断裂时所吸收的总能量(包括弹性和非弹性能)来度量，韧性是钢材强度和塑性的综合指标。
在寒冷地区建造的结构不但要求钢材具有常温(℃20)冲击韧性指标，还要求具有负温(℃0、℃20-或℃40-)冲击韧性指标。
6．为什么薄钢板的强度比厚钢板的强度高(或钢材的强度按其厚度或直径分组)钢材的轧制能使金属的晶粒弯细，并消除显微组织的缺陷，也可使浇注时形成的气孔，裂纹和疏松，在高温和压力作用下焊合。
因而经过热轧后，钢材组织密实，改善了钢材的力学性能。
薄板因辊轧次数多，其强度比厚板略高。
7．同一种钢材的伸长率指标为什么δ5>δ10《若圆形段原标距长度l 0=10d 0(d 0为圆柱试件直径)，所得的伸长率用δ10；若圆柱段原标距长度l 0=5d 0，所得的伸长率用δ5。
试件拉断时的绝对变形值l 内有两部分，其一是整个工作段的均匀伸长，其二是“颈缩”部分的局部伸长；由于均匀伸长与原标距长度有关，而局部伸长仅与原标距长度的横截面尺寸有关，因此，伸长率δ的大小同试件原标距长度与横截面尺寸的比值有关，所以δ5≠δ10；又因为局部伸长在原标距长度小的试件中所占变形的比例大，故δ5>δ10。
8．对于重要的受拉或受弯的焊接结构，需要具有抗拉强度、伸长率、屈服强度和硫、磷、碳含量，冷弯试验的合格保证，为什么还需要具有常温冲击韧性的合格保证。
重要的受拉或受弯焊接结构由于焊接残余应力δr 的存在，往往出现多向拉应力场，因而有发生脆性破坏的较大危险。
同时对受拉、受弯的焊接构件与受压（含压弯）构件的受力状态不同，导致对缺陷反映速度不同，受拉，受弯构件反映速度快，对钢材质量要求较高。
因此对这类构件要求有常温冲击韧性的合格保证。
9．为什么要规定角焊缝的最小计算长度和侧面角焊缝的最大计算长度角焊缝的焊脚尺寸大而长度较小时，焊件的局部加热严重，焊缝起灭弧所引起的缺陷相距太近，以及焊缝中可能产生的其他缺陷(气孔、非金属夹杂等)，使焊缝不够可靠，规定了侧面角焊缝或正面角焊缝的最小计算长度。
侧面角焊缝在弹性阶段沿长度方向受力不均匀，两端大中间小，故规定了侧面角焊缝的最大计算长度。
10．对接焊缝在哪种情况下才需要进行计算焊接缺陷对受压、受剪的对接焊缝影响不大，故可认为受压、受剪的对接焊缝与母材强度相等，但受拉的对接焊缝对缺陷甚为敏感。
由于一、二级检验的焊缝与母材强度相等，故只有三级检验的焊缝才需进行抗拉强度验算。
11．在抗剪连接中,普通螺栓连接与摩擦型高强度螺栓连接的工作性能有何不同普通螺栓受剪时，从受力直至破坏经历四个阶段，由于它允许接触面滑动，以连接达到破坏的极限状态作为设计准则；高强度螺栓在拧紧时，螺杆中产生了很大的预拉力，而被连接板件间则产生很大的预压力。
连接受力后，由于接触面上产生的摩擦力，能在相当大的荷载情况下阻止板件间的相对滑移，因而弹性工作阶段较长。