重点句型及练习

重点句型及练习

1. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide.

这个升温过程的一些副产品就叫做“温室”气体，其中最重要的就是二氧化碳。定语从句中的介词或介词短语可以提到引导词which, whom的前面。

The old man has three daughters, two of whom are teachers.

这位老人有三个女儿，其中的两个是老师。

Soon they arrived at a farm house, in front of which sat a small boy. 不久他们来到了一所农舍，农舍前坐着一个小男孩。

2. There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.

There is no doubt that….

There is some doubt whether….

辨析：主句为肯定句时，doubt后使用连词whether。主句为否定句时，doubt 后则使用连词that。

[考点1] There is no doubt that ...是固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”，that 引导的是同位语从句，用来进一步补充说明doubt的具体内容。

[考例] Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ______ a cure for AIDS will be found. (广东2005)

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. whether

[点拨] 根据固定搭配there is no doubt that ...可知选B。

[考点2] it is ... that ...在此句中构成强调句型，强调的是主语human activity。强调句型除谓语不能强调外，可强调主语、宾语或状语。

[考例1] It is not who is right but what is right ______ is of importance. (重庆2007)

A. which

B. it

C. that

D. this

[点拨] 根据强调句型的判断方法：将it is和that去掉后，此句成为Not who is right but what is right is of importance，是一个完整的句子，故此题是一个强调句型。

3. It was a scientist called Charles Keeling who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.

[翻译] 是一位名叫查尔斯·奎林的科学家把1957至1997年期间大气层中二氧化碳的含量作了精确的统计。

[点拨] 该句是一个it was ... who强调句。a scientist called Charles Keeling是被强调部分，其中called Charles Keeling为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a scientist。

4. On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view, believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.

[翻译] 在另一方面, 还有一些人，对这一观点持反对态度，像科学家乔治·汉布利，他们认为我们不必担心空气中高含量的二氧化碳。

[点拨] 该句是一个主从复合句。主句为there are those，like scientist

George Hambley作句子的插入语，who引导的定语从句修饰those，且在该定语从句中其谓语动词believe又带有that引导的宾语从句。句子的主要部分可以表示为: ... there are those who believe that ...

5．Without the green house effect, the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is. 如果没有温室效应，地球会比现在冷33℃。

▲这是一个含蓄虚拟条件句

应该注意有时假设的情况并不以条件从句形式表示出来，而是通过一个介词短语或其他方式表示。常用的词或短语有：without, but for, but that, otherwise, or, but等。

例如：

Without your help ( = If we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded．

要是没有你的帮助，我们是不会成功的。

6. 强调句型：

用在强调句型中, 为了强调句子的某一成分(通常是主语、宾语或状语), 常用结构:

It is / was ＋被强调部分＋that (who) ….

I met Tom in the street yesterday．

①It was I who (that) met Tom in the street yesterday. 主语

②It was Tom that I met in the street yesterday. 宾语

③It was in the street that I met Tom yesterday. 宾语

④It was yesterday that I met Tom in the street.时间状语

四、练习

1. It was in this village ___ I was brought up.

A. where

B. that

C. on which

D. which

2. Can it be in the drawer ___ you put your passport?

A. where

B. in which

C. there

D. that

3. It was July 1, 1997 ___ saw the return of Hong Kong to the motherland.

A. that

B. when

C. which

D. in which

4. It was not until 1920 ____ regular radio broadcast began.

A. while

B. which

C. that

D. since

5. ___ is the fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

A. There

B. This

C. That

D. It

6. I hate ____ when people talk with their mouths full.

A. it

B. that

C. these

D. them

7. It was only when I reread his poems recently ____ I began to appreciate their beauty.

A. until

B. that

C. then

D. so

8. It is the ability to do the job ____ matters not where you come from