英语人教新课标第14讲Astronomythescienceofthestars教案

一、自我诊断知己知彼Ⅰ. 单句语法填空1．Reading in bed will do harm ________ your eyes.2．It is impossible for a cock to lay ________ (egg)．3．If steel is heavier than water，why are ships able ________ (float)on the sea?4．In his black and blue suit and with ________ oxygen tank fastened on his back，Larry dived from boats into the middle of the ocean.5．The climate here ________ (be)quite pleasant，the temperature rarely，if ever，reaching 30℃in summer.6．Our success depends ________ whether everyone works hard.7．The destruction of such species could prevent researchers ________ (find)cures for certain diseases.8．It was difficult for the helicopters ________ (get)close to the roof of the building because of the heavy smoke.9．We have launched another man－made satellite，________ is announced in today's newspaper. 10．Now that they have computers，it becomes ________ (easy)to deal with the problems.【答案】 1.to2.eggs3.to float4.an5.is6.on 7. finding8.to get9.which10.easierⅡ. 单句改错1．If you put your heart into it, you'll succeed on time.2．This is such interesting a film that I have seen it twice.3．It's no longer a question now that whether man can land on the moon.4．Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on if this problem can be solved.5．General speaking, he is a smart boy except his carelessness.6．The river is so polluted that every day we can see a lot of things being floating on the water. 【答案】 1.on→in2.such→so3.去掉whether4.if→whether 5.General→ Generally6.去掉being 二、温故知新夯实基础考纲单词精讲1、harmful adj.有害的教材原句What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. (P26)很多科学家相信，由于地球上长期有水存在，使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。

归纳拓展(1)be harmful to对……有害(2)harm n．&vt.伤害；损害Do harm to sb. /do sb. harm 对某人有害There is no harm in doing sth.做某事没有害处(3)harmless adj.无害的harmlessness n．无害语境助记①The drought was harmful to the crops. 这场干旱对农作物有危害。

②Fruit juice can do harm to children's teeth. 果汁可能会损害儿童的牙齿。

③They may not be able to help but there's no harm in asking them.他们可能帮不上忙，但求他们一下倒也无妨。

2、exist vi.存在；生存教材原句They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.(P26)它们也下蛋并在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。

归纳拓展(1)exist on靠……生存/生活exist by靠……方式为生exist in存在于……之中There exist(s)．..某地有……；存在……消极的一面(2)come into existence产生；成立；开始存在in existence现存的(3)existing adj.现存的；目前的名师点睛exist是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也不用于进行时。

语境助记①It exists in milk in great amount. 牛奶中它(钙)的含量很大。

②They can't exist on the money he's earning. 他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。

③There exists a generation gap between the young and the old. 青年人和老年人之间存在着代沟。

④Pakistan came into existence as an independent country after the war.巴基斯坦在战后就以一个独立国家存在了。

⑤It can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. 能看到仍然存在的传统的苹果品种，如曾由罗马人种植的Decio苹果，真是令人大开眼界。

⑥介词填空a．Even though he is a little boy, strange ideas always exist in his mind.b．The old lady became seriously ill last week, and she has only existed on milk ever since.c．The Imperial Palace in Beijing has been in existence for more than 500 years.3、puzzle n．谜；难题vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难教材原句How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve.(P27) 地球上的生命是怎样开始的，这是科学家们发现难以解决的最大的谜团之一。

归纳拓展(1)be in a puzzle 感到困惑；不知如何是好 a puzzle to sb. 一件让人感到困惑的事情puzzle about/over 冥思苦想；苦苦思索puzzle sb. 迷惑某人；使某人困惑puzzle sth. out 琢磨出……的答案(2)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的puzzled adj. 感到迷惑的be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解名师点睛puzzled意为“迷惑的；不解的”，往往用于指人或人的表情、脸色、声音等；puzzling意为“令人迷惑的；让人不解的”，往往指物。

语境助记①Many people are somewhat puzzled at the negative side of the voting, although some are quite happy with it, and active in doing it.尽管有些人热衷于选举，并且积极参与，但是也有很多人对选举消极的一面有点儿困惑。

②People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.人们长期对埃及人如何搬动如此巨大的石头而感到困惑不解。

③He was trying to puzzle out why he had been brought to the house.他想弄明白自己为何被带到这所房子。

④What puzzled the doctors most was that they could not find the cause of the disease.使医生最困惑的是他们找不到致病的原因。

⑤I'm in a puzzle as to what to do next. 对于下一步该做什么我不知道。

⑥Where the missing plane has gone still remains a puzzle to us. 失联飞机去了哪儿对我们来说仍是个谜。

⑦The puzzled look on her face suggested she was puzzling over the puzzling maths problem.她脸上困惑的表情暗示了她正在思考令人困惑的数学问题。

4、pull n．& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力教材原句As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earth's gravity.(P30) 随着火箭的升空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。