高中英语Unit5Thepowerofnature单元质量评估新人教版选修

单元质量评估(五)

时间：100分钟分数：120分

第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

A

The sea is home to billions of plants and animals.Many live only near the sunlit surface.Oceanographers classify marine living beings by separating them into two main groups: plants and animals.

There are two general types of plants found in the ocean, those having roots that are attached to the ocean bottom and those not having roots which simply drift about with the water.The rooted plants in the ocean are only found in shallow water because there is not enough sunlight to sustain photosynthesis(光合作用) in deeper waters.Since sunlight does not pass more than a few hundred feet into the ocean, most of the ocean is not capable of supporting rooted plants.

The most plenty plants in the ocean are known as phytoplankton(浮游生物)．These are usually single－celled, minute floating plants that drift throughout the surface waters of the ocean.To grow, phytoplankton need nutrients from the sea water and lots of sunlight.

Marine animals are divided into three groups: zooplankton, nekton, and benthos.Zooplankton are drifting animals and are usually small, however, they can grow to fairly large size.For example, the jellyfish and the Portuguese man－of －war are examples of larger types of zooplankton which are unable to propel(推进) themselves effectively.

Nekton are the free swimmers and probably the largest portion of familiar animals found in the ocean belong to this mon fishes, the octopus, whales, eels and squid are all examples of nekton.

The third type of sea animal spends its entire life on or in the ocean bottom.This group of marine animals is called the benthos.Some of these creatures, such as lobsters and snails, may be able to move about on the bottom but their lifestyle is so bound up with the ocean floor that they are unable to survive away from this environment.

【语篇解读】海洋是成千上万种动物和植物的家乡。海洋植物主要有两种：有根植物和浮游植物；海洋动物大体可分为三类：浮游动物、游泳动物和海底动物。

1．The text mainly tells us something about ________．

A．marine plants and marine animals

B．two types of sea plants

C．three kinds of sea animals

D．small and big animals in the ocean

解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了海洋生物的分类(海洋植物和海洋动物)以及它们的特点。

答案：A

2．Why can't we find the rooted plants in deep water of the ocean?

A．Because there are too many rocks at the bottom of the ocean.

B．Because the rooted plants can't stand the coldness of the ocean.

C．Because there is not enough sunlight for them in deep water.

D．Because the rooted plants need more sunlight than plants which have no roots.

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，有根植物不能在很深的海底生存是因为那儿没有充足的阳光来进行光合作用。

答案：C

3．One of the characteristics of zooplankton is that ________．

A．they are small and never grow to large size

B．some of the zooplankton can't swim effectively

C．they can swim freely in deep water of the ocean

D．they need more sunlight than other animals in the ocean

解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第四段最后一句可知，有些浮游动物事实上不能自己前进，也就是说它们实际上不能游泳。

答案：B

4．According to the last paragraph, we can conclude that _____．

A．benthos live on the surface of the ocean water

B．some of the benthos can't live without the ocean floor

C．benthos spend most of their time swimming in the ocean

D．benthos can move about in the middle of the sea water

解析：细节理解题。根据短文最后一句可知海底动物离开海底不能生存。

答案：B

B