部编版2020版高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 English around the world达标巩固练(含解析)新人教版必修1

Unit 2 English around the world李仕才***阅读理解One time a young man，who hoped to study law，wrote to Lincoln for advice，and Lincoln replied，“If you are resolutely determined to make a lawyer of yourself，the thing is more than half done already...Always bear in mind that your own resolution to succeed is more important than any other one thing.”Lincoln knew.He had gone through it all.He had never，in his entire life，had more than a total of one year's schooling.And books？Lincoln once said he had walked to borrow every book within fifty miles of his home.A fire was usually kept going all night in the small house and he read by the light of it.He walked twenty or thirty miles to hear a speaker and, returning home，he practiced his talks everywhere—in the fields，in the woods，before the crowds.He joined several societies and practiced speaking on the topics of the day.A lack of confidence always troubled him.In the presence of women he was shy and dumb.Even when he was in love with Mary Todd，he used to sit there，nervous and silent，unable to find words，listening while she did the talking.Yet that was the man who，by practice and home study，made himself into the speaker who debated with the famous speaker Douglas！That was the man who，in the Gettysburg Address，rose to the heights of eloquence(雄辩)that have seldom been achieved in all of human history.Small wonder that，speaking of his own great barriers and painful struggle，he wrote，“If you are resolutely determined to make a lawyer of yourself，the thing is more than half d one already.”1．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A．Earning a fortune. B．Making a living.C．Asking for advice. D．Becoming a lawyer.2．What is the key point of the fourth paragraph?A．Lincoln's courage.B．Lincoln's position.C．Lincoln's progress.D．Lincoln's eloquence.3．What is the most vital spirit reflected in Lincoln's story above?A．Believing in oneself.B．Keeping on practicing hard.C．Overcoming difficulties.D．Sticking to one's determination.【解题导语】本文主要通过讲述林肯的励志故事启迪读者：无论做什么，只要坚定决心，那就成功了一半以上。

【难句分析】That was the man who，in the Gettysburg Address，rose to the heights of eloquence(雄辩)that have seldom been achieved in all of human history.分析：本句是一个复合句。

第二个that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词the heights of eloquence。

译文：也就是这个人，在葛底斯堡演说中，达到了雄辩的极高水平，这样的水平在整个人类历史上都很少有人达到。

1．D 考查代词指代。

根据第一段中林肯的话“If you are resolutely determined to make a lawyer of yourself, the thing is more than half done already”，并结合年轻人就学法律来咨询林肯这一内容可推知，林肯之前有做律师的经历，并且他为成为律师付出了很大的努力。

2．C 考查段落大意。

根据第四段的内容可知，林肯从一个缺乏自信、异常害羞的人到最终成为整个人类历史上少有的雄辩的演说家。

第四段主要叙述了这样的巨大变化，即林肯的进步，故选C。

3．D 考查推理判断。

根据第一段和最后一段的呼应，以及这两段中的关键词“resolutely determined”可推知，林肯的故事所反映出的最重要的精神是坚持自己的决心，故选D。

***语法填空There's no such thing __1__ living alone. Never mind if you're the only person in your house and have no dog, no cat, or even no fish. You still have got several billion __2__ (roommate) and so do we all. Some of them are harmless, some are __3__ (actual) helpful and some could even kill you. They are, of course, bacteria, fungi (霉菌) and viruses, and whether you like it or not, they're on you, around you, and deeply within you. The fact __4__ bacteria are everywhere is not surprising. It's something you __5__ (learn) from your childhood when your mother told you not to drink water from someone else's glass. There are lots of bacteria __6__ are living in your tea kettle. There are bacteria __7__ (sleep) with you on your bed. Scientists are beginning __8__ (realize) the richness of the microbiome (微生物群系), which is as complex as the ones __9__ (find) in oceans, rainforests, deserts and woodlands.Your house has a microbiome and __10__ do you.1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________6.________7.________8.________9.________ 10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。

世上没有真正独自的生活，即使你单独在家，家里没有狗、猫或者鱼，你身边还是有成千上万的陪伴者——各种细菌、霉菌和病毒。

1．as 考查固定结构。

There is no such thing as ... “没有像……这样的事”。

2．roommates 考查名词的复数。

roommate为可数名词，由several billion可知，应用复数形式。

3．actually 考查词性转换。

此处应用副词修饰形容词helpful。

4．that 考查同位语从句的连接词。

根据语境可知，本句中含有由that引导的同位语从句，解释说明The fact的具体内容。

5．learned/learnt 考查动词的时态。

根据下文中的told可知，应用一般过去时。

6．which/that 考查定语从句的引导词。

分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为bacteria，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故用which或that。

7．sleeping 考查非谓语动词。

bacteria与sleep存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。

8．to realize 考查非谓语动词。

start和begin后跟表示心理状态或精神活动的动词时，如understand和realize等，常用不定式。

9．found 考查非谓语动词。

the ones与find是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。

10．so 考查特殊句型。

“so＋助动词＋主语”表示“……也如此”。