Understanding Business Communication in Today’s Workplace
商务交流Business Communication Essentials UNIT 1
The sender transmits the message
• Choice of communication channel verbal or non-verbal spoken or written
• • • • • • Germany Scandinavian U.S.A. English French Italian
High Context
Japan Chinese Arab Greek Mexican Spanish
Questions
• Turn to page 61 • Answer questions 4, 7 & 8
Questions
• Turn to Page 12 • Answers questions 1,2 & 6 in your books
Ethical Communication
• Ethics are the rules and principles that govern the actions of a person, group, society or country • Ethical communication requires the message to contain all the relevant information, be true and not deceptive in any sense
Business Communication Essentials
Unit 1
Business Communication(商务沟通、管理沟通)大纲
Definitions of CommunicationCommunication is process of sending and receiving messages.Communication is a two way transfer of information, idea, concept ,or feelingAs a process, communication has synonyms such as expressing feelings, conversing, speaking, corresponding, writing, and listening and exchanging.Communication ProcessCommunication is the process of sending and receiving messages.The communication process involves six basic steps.Communication is a dynamic动态的, transactional (two-way双向的) process that can be broken into six phases.1. The sender has an idea. You conceive构想an idea and want to share it.2. The sender encodes译成密码the idea. .You decide on the message’s form (word, facial expression, gesture), length, organization, tone, and style, which all d epend on your idea, your audience, and your personal style or mood.3. The sender transmits传输the message.To physically transmit your message to your receiver, you select a communication channel(verbal or nonverbal, s poken or written) and a medium (telephone, letter, memo, e-mail, report, face-to-face exchange).4. The receiver gets the message.For communication to occur, your receiver must first get the message.5. The receiver decodes破译the message.Your receiver must decode (absorb understand and mentally store) your message.6. The receiver sends feedback. After decoding your message, the receiver responds in some way and signals that response to you. This feedback lets you evaluate the effectiveness of your message.Element of communication沟通的要素Goal: What result do you seek?Audience: Define your audience.Context: Communication occurs in a special environment.Message: What message will achieve your goal.Media: Which medium will convey your message most effectively?Feedback: Communication is not an act but a process.Goal of communication目标The message is received. The message is understood.The message is accepted.Receiver responds to the message. 沟通目标四个层次；1、信息被对方接收2、信息不仅是被传递到，还要被充分理解有效的沟通应该是接受者感知的信息应与发送者发出的信息完全一致3、所传递的信息被对方接受是沟通目标的更高层次,是我们追求的目标。
商务沟通技能第一课
Joke appreciation for cultural diversity
S 1. Before the man saying sorry, the
woman bowed down and said in a tender voice: sorry, it is all my fault. It is all the bad quality of my skirt. I am sorry for the trouble I have brought to you.
S The three major elements that directly influence
our perception and communication: - Cultural values: what is good and bad, right and wrong. True and false, positive and negative - Worldview: religions - Social Organizations: family, government, community, history of the community
Western Perspective of communication
S In western cultures, communication is
studied as the means of transmitting ideas. S Western cultures emphasize the instrumental function of communication; that is, effectiveness is evaluated in terms of success in the manipulation of others to achieve one’s personal goal. (persuade into)
商务英语基础知识
商务英语基础知识In the realm of business, English serves as a universal language, bridging gaps between cultures and facilitating international trade. It is essential for professionals to grasp the fundamentals of business English to communicate effectively.Understanding business jargon is crucial. Terms like'profit margin', 'shareholder', and 'quarterly report' are common in the corporate world and should be well understood by those in the field.Effective communication is not just about speaking; it also includes the ability to write clear and concise emails, reports, and proposals. The clarity of written documents can make or break a business deal.Negotiation skills are vital in business. Knowing how to articulate your needs and understand the needs of others is key to reaching mutually beneficial agreements.Cultural awareness is equally important. Different countries have unique business etiquettes. Being aware of these can help avoid misunderstandings and foster better working relationships.In a globalized market, the ability to present ideas confidently in English can set you apart from your peers.Mastering public speaking in a business context can open doors to new opportunities.Networking is an art that can be honed through practice. Engaging in small talk and building rapport with business contacts in English can lead to long-lasting professional relationships.Continuous learning is the key to staying relevant in the ever-evolving business landscape. Keeping up with the latest trends and updates in business English can provide a competitive edge.Finally, adaptability is a trait that all successful business professionals possess. Being able to adjust your communication style to suit different audiences andsituations is a skill that can be invaluable in the business world.。
Intercultural Business Communication
Intercultural Business Communication英文094 Dorothy摘要在进行跨文化沟通的时候，成功的关键就在于是否理解了非言语沟通。
非言语沟通是指不通过语言而传达出意思的沟通。
据研究者估计，在全部沟通中，有85%都是非言言语沟通；而在各种不同的文化中，这种沟通类型的重要性也是极不相同的。
在所有文化中，正确地运用目光接触都是人们最早学会的行为之一。
我们尚未意识到的是：不仅在不同的文化中眼睛的定位是不同的，即使在同一文化内部，倾听时和发言时所表现出来的眼神行为也是不一样的。
人们在沟通时，由于社会地位等级高低不同，眼神的定位也会有所不同；这一点更增加了跨文化沟通中的混乱。
在下文中，我们将着重研究目光接触的某些难以看到的规则。
关键词：非言语沟通倾听时的眼神行为发言时的眼神行为社会层级目光接触Communicating NonverballySpeaking versus listening eye behavior: Many research studies have shown that eye behavior may differ when speaking and listening. These differences can occur within subcultures even when people live in the same geographic area.Euro-American culture: Speakers from the Euro-American culture do not usually maintain direct and constant eye contact when speaking; rather, they tend to look away as they speak and only glance back occasionally to check the listener’s eye contact. However, when they are listening, they usually maintain direct and constant eye contact; in other words, Euro-Americans have generally been taught that the listener should be looking at them very intently. Most Euro-Americans become very annoyed when others do not maintain “proper” listening eye contact.As a newly promoted marketing manager, Martha Blanchard attended a business convention of cell phone industry representatives in V ail, Colorado. When she returned, she talked with a colleague about the conference –especially the opening and closing receptions. “People were so rude,”she remarked. “They never listened even when they asked me a direct question. They were always scanning the room to find more important to talk to .”Martha experienced a phenomenon common in business even when communicating with people who have the same cultural roots. Although Euro-Americans have learned the “proper”listening behavior (i.e., eyes on the speaker), many people break the rule and therefore appear inattentive or rude.African –American culture: Research has also shown that African-Americans may use eye contact differently from Euro-Americans when speaking and listening. For example, African-Americans tend to look intently at the other person while they are speaking .However, while listening, African-Americans may look down or away. Imagine the possible confusion when an African-American manager is speaking to a Euro-American manager, and their eye contact is out of synch! Each may believe there is something “wrong” without knowing the cause. In such an occurrence , it is important to discuss openly the perceptions of each participant in the communication to clarify intent and meaning .Social Hierarchy and eye contact: Social hierarchy can influence the choice of direct or indirect eye placement. Direct eye contact often indicates that communication is occurring between equals. Indirect eye behaviors can indicate respect for someone upward in the hierarchy, especially in cultures where there is a clearly defined power structure.When accountant Vicente Garcia received his six-month performance review at a national bank in the United States, he was surprised to read, “Mr .Garcia does not maintain proper eye contact during discussions with his manager.”As a young employee, Vicente had always been careful to avoid a constant direct gaze when talking with the manager. He also had been taught that he should look down while listening to show proper respect.In an open discussion with his manager, Vicente was able to talk about the problem. Because he was a valuable employee who showed promise, the companyhired a communication coach to teach Vicente the expected eye behavior of his new corporate culture. On returning to Mexico, however, Vicente again showed proper respect for his elders in business by looking downward when being addressed.Just as he was comfortable speaking two languages fluently, he had learned that he had to become just as “fluent “in nonverbal communication to be successful.Knowing that eye placement behaviors vary widely across cultures will help you avoid incorrect or negative assumptions and will benefit the intercultural communication process.。
商务沟通基础英文版
商务沟通基础英文版Business communication is an indispensable part of economic activities, which is not only related to the efficiency of collaboration within the enterprise, but also directly affects the relationship between the enterprise and external stakeholders.Effective business communication can facilitate the transmission of information, enhance inter-enterprise trust and cooperation, and thus bring more business opportunities and competitive advantages for enterprises. This article will discuss the basis of business communication, aiming to help readers better understand theimportance of business communication, master effective communication skills and improve communication efficiency.I. Define communication objectivesBefore conducting business communication, the first thing to do is to clarify the goal of communication. Communication goals are a beacon to guide the entire communication process, which helps to focus attention and ensure the effectiveness of communication. In setting communication goals, should fully consider the background of communication, purpose, expected results and other factors. At the same time, communication goals should be specific and quantifiable, so as to facilitate the assessment of communication effects.II.Understand the communication objectIn business communication, it is crucial to understand the needs, concerns, background and other information of the communication target. Through an in-depth understanding of the communication object, you can better adjust the communication strategy, the use of the other party's easy to accept the language and way of communication, so as to improve the communication effect. In addition, respecting the viewpoints and positions of the communication object and dialoguing with an equal and open mind will help establish a good relationship foundation.III.Effective delivery of informationIn business communication, the way and effect of information transfer often determines the success or failure of communication. In order to ensure the effectiveness of information transfer, you can use a variety of communication media and tools, such as written reports, e-mail, telephone, video conferencing and so on. At the same time, it is important to focus on the clarity, accuracy and completeness of the message to avoid ambiguity or omission of information. In the process of information transfer, it is also necessary to pay attention to the timeliness and relevance of the information to meet the needs of the communication object.IV.Listening and RespondingListening is a part of business communication that is easily overlooked but crucial. Really listen to each other's views and needs, help to better understand each other, for the subsequent response and communication to lay the foundation. During the listening process, stay focused and patient, and avoid interrupting the other party or expressing your views too early. When responding, focus on constructiveness and relevance, and provide valuable information and suggestions. At the same time, pay attention to the tone and manner of response to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding or conflict.V. Establishing and Maintaining RelationshipsBusiness communication is not only the transmission and exchange of information, but also the establishment and maintenance of relationships. In the communication process, focus on establishing mutual trust and friendly relationship basis. Through effective communication, enhance the understanding and trust between the two sides, and create favorable conditions for subsequent cooperation and development. At the same time, after the establishment of the relationship, it is necessary to continue to maintain and strengthen, through a variety of ways to maintain contact and interaction, in order to maintain the durability and stability of the relationship.Business communication, as an indispensable part of economic activities, is crucial to the development and success of enterprises. The effectiveness and quality of business communication can be effectively improved through the mastery and practice of such basic elements as clarifying communication objectives, understanding the target of communication, effectively conveying information, listening and responding, and establishing and maintaining relationships. At the same time, it is important to continuously learn and explore new communication skills and methods to adapt to the ever-changing market environment and business needs. Let's work together to improve our business communication skills and make greater contributions to the development and prosperity of our organizations.译文：商务沟通基础商务沟通是经济活动中不可或缺的一环，它不仅关乎企业内部的协作效率，更直接影响着企业与外部利益相关者的关系。
新编商务英语综合教程第二版Unit-2
Unit 2 Business Communication
II. Listen to Passage Ⅰ for the second time with your focus on the questions you have raised (if there are any) and then decide whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F). If it is false, please make corrections accordingly. You can take notes while listening. 1. If you want your employees to share their feelings and opinions with you, you must listen to them._T__
Unit 2 Business Communication
➢ lingo: a characteristic language of a particular group (as among thieves) 行话，术语
➢ nip ... in the bud: 消灭在萌芽状态 ➢ manual: a small handbook手册 ➢ succinctly: with concise and precise brevity; to the point简
Difficult Words and Expressions
➢ up to par: 达到标准 ➢ disciplinary: relating to discipline in behavior 有关纪律的 ➢ rephrase: to express the same message in different words
42. Effective Business Communication (I)
大连理工大学音像出版社
What Is Communication?
Communication Channel
☆ A communication channel is the means or technique to convey a message.
1. They will produce the brochure in a multi-color______ format . 2. In many large cities, bicycles are no longer a serious ______ means of transportation. 3. The movie is based on a detective story which has an extremely intricate ______ plot. 4. The country needs a _______ dynamic expansion of trade with other countries. 5. Our factory supplies electrical ___________ components for cars. 6. People agree that it is a great poem, but not on how it should be _________ interpreted . 7. Teaching, like communication, should become an _________ interactive process. conveyed his gratitude to all those who had given him 8. In his speech he _________ help.
商务交流学习欢迎词范文
商务交流学习欢迎词范文Hello everyone, welcome to our business communication study group. 大家好，欢迎来到我们的商务交流学习群。
I am thrilled to see so many enthusiastic individuals joining us today. 我很高兴看到今天有这么多热情的人加入我们。
Effective business communication is essential for any organization to thrive in today's competitive market. 有效的商务交流对于任何组织在当今竞争激烈的市场中蓬勃发展至关重要。
In this study group, we will explore various aspects of business communication, such as verbal and non-verbal communication, interpersonal skills, and cross-cultural communication. 在这个学习群中，我们将探讨商务交流的各个方面，如言语和非言语交流、人际技巧以及跨文化交流。
By honing our communication skills, we can enhance collaboration, resolve conflicts, and build stronger relationships with colleaguesand clients. 通过磨练我们的沟通技巧，我们可以增强合作、解决冲突，并与同事和客户建立更紧密的关系。
It is through effective communication that we can convey our ideas, influence decisions, and achieve our professional goals. 正是通过有效的交流，我们才能传达我们的想法，影响决策，并实现我们的职业目标。
商务沟通技巧(英文版课件)
英文版课件：从沟通技巧到跨文化沟通。提供了丰富的商务沟通工具，帮助 您在职场中取得成功。
Part 1: Introduction to Business Communication
Definition of Business Communication
Learn the fundamental concepts and principles of effective business communication.
Importance of Business Communication
Discover why strong communication skills are crucial for professional success.
Types of Business Communication
Explore the different forms of communication used in a business context.
Master the art of crafting persuasive and compelling business proposals.
Business Letter Writing
Understand the format and etiquette for writing effective business letters.
Understand the importance of professional and respectful communication practices.
Part 3: Non-Verbal Communication Skills
求职信800字 大学生商务英语
求职信800字大学生商务英语English:I am writing to express my strong interest in the business English position at your esteemed company. As a recent graduate with a degree in business English, I have developed a solid foundation in both English language skills and business knowledge. Throughout my academic studies, I have gained a deep understanding of business communication, international trade, and marketing strategies. Additionally, my internship experience at a multinational corporation has equipped me with practical skills in conducting market research, drafting business proposals, and coordinating international business meetings. I am confident that my academic background and practical experience make me a strong candidate for this position.中文翻译:我写信是要表达我对贵公司商务英语职位的浓厚兴趣。
作为一名最近毕业的商务英语专业学生，我在英语语言技能和商业知识方面打下了坚实的基础。
Etiquette in Business Communication商务礼仪
Etiquette in Business Communication
Introductions
➢ Mention authority figures first and introduce others to them.
➢ Introduce a younger person to an older person.
Speak with authority
Even when asking questions, have your voice end on with a downward inflection.
Say “What time is the meeting?” once with voice raising at the end and one with voice ending with a downward inflection.
➢ If your party answers, identify yourself, stick to your outline and thank the person at the end of the call.
Conference calls
➢ Prepare ➢ Be respectful ➢ Be inclusive ➢ Keep moving ➢ Get commitments
talk. ➢ Make calls during normal business hours. ➢ Return calls the same day. ➢ Never put someone on hold without asking
permission. ➢ Don’t do other work while on the phone ➢ Be courteous of others when screening
unit4businesscommunication)
Unit 3Business CommunicationPart I A ctive L isteningDialogue 1Asking for SamplesExercise 1Directions:Listen to the phone call between Henrik and Stephen. Choose the best answer to each question you hear.(Henrik is the purchasing manager of a Belgium Company and Stephen is a salesman.) Henrik: Hello. It is Henrik Alder calling from Belgium. May I speak to someone who is in the Sales DepartmentStephen: Hi, Mr Alder, this is Stephen, just in sales office. May I help you Hernrik: Oh, brilliant! Stephen, I know your company from the website and it seems that you are specializing in wooden toys, rightStephen: Right.Henrik: I have been studying your catalogue. I’m quite interested in your wooden toys, e specially the Puppet’s part and WT7008. I figure they will sell wellin our local market. Could you send me two samples for each itemStephen: Sure, but eh…Henrik: Oh, of course the express delivery charge will debit us.Stephen: Thank you. I will ask my assistant to arrange the samples delivery today.Could you please let me know your addressHenrik: Ok, I’ll send you the address by email right now. And I am looking forward to receiving your samples.Stephen: No problem. I will get back to you with tracking number once the samplesare collected.Henrik: That will be great. I f the samples’ quality is good, I would like to visit your factory in a couple of weeks to discuss our cooperation. Is that possible Stephen: Not a problem. You’re more than welcome.Henrik: Thanks a lot. Bye for nowStephen: Bye, Henrik.1. Where did Henrik get the information about Stephen’s companyA. At a trade fair.B. On the Internet.C. From his friends.D. From the advertisement2.What is Stephen’s jobA. General Manager.B. A salesman.C. Secretary.D. Assistant to the sales manager.3. Which of the following is not true according to the dialogueA. Henrik is probably a man from the Purchasing Department.B. Stephen’s company mainly sells wooden toys.C. Henrik does not like Puppet’s part .D. Stephen will send the samples to Henrik.4. Why does Henrik call Stephen’s companyA. He believes the products of Stephen’s company will sell well in his country.B. He is Stephen’s old client.C. He wants some free samplesD. He wants to visit Stephen’s company.5. When will Henrik visit Stephen’s company if he is satisfied with the samplesA. In a week.B. In several days.C. In a couple of months.D. In several weeks.Exercise 2Directions: Listen to the phone call again and complete the following sentences with the missing information.1. May I speak to someone who is in the Sales Department2. I have been studying your catalogue.3. I figure they will sell well in our local market.4. Could you send me two samples for each item5. I’ll send you the address by email right now. And I am looking forward to receivingyour samples.Dialogue 2Visiting the FactoryExercise 1Directions: Henrik is visiting the wooden factory of Stephen. Listen to the conversation and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).(Stephen shows Henrik around the factory.)Henrik: Well, may I take photosStephen: Sure.Stephen: Our factory floor is about 4,000 square meters.Henrik: What’s that building with forklifts and trucks coming and going at the frontStephen: That building is mainly for shipping and storage. This one is for assembly. Henrik: Our annual demand for the toys will be 800,000 pcs. Is your production capacity up to our demandsStephen: I think so. We have five production lines in our factory. Each line can turn out at least 100,000 pcs per month.Henrik: Excellent.Stephen: Shall we move on Now, we are in the control room. We can monitor the production in every workshop.Henrik: Great. It’s a hi-tech factory with a hi-tech management.Stephen: Finally, this is our QC room. We have three quality control engineers here.Each process is strictly inspected. What do you think of our factory Henrik: Top-drawer, my man. We can definitely do a deal. And also I’d like to know some details about the assembly line.Stephen: I’d like to, but I’m no expert, I’ll have our engineer to explain it in details in the meeting room.Henrik: Fantastic.(F)1. Henrik cannot take photos in the factory.(T) 2. Henrik’s company needs 8 00,000 toys a year.(F) 3. The factory floor is about 14,000 square meters.(T) 4. The factory can turn out at least 500,000 pcs per month.(F)5. There are two control engineers in QC room.(F)6. Stephen is an expert of the assembly line.(T)7. The details will be explained in the meeting room.Exercise 2Directions: Listen to the conversation again and complete the table with the missing information.PassageBuyer-supplier Relationship in the Business Market Exercise 1Directions:Listen to the passage and match the fragments of sentences in the left column with the information in the right column.In business markets, there are often great benefits of a close working relationship between a supplier and a customer firm. And such relationships are becoming more common. Many firms are reducing the number of suppliers with whom they work—expecting more in return from remaining suppliers. The best relationships involve real partnerships –where there’s mutual trust and respect.For both the customer and supplier, the basic benefit of a close relationship is improved profits through cooperation that reduces total costs. Closely tied firms can often share tasks at lower total cost. Costs are sometimes reduced simply by reducing uncertainty and risk. If a customer places large orders or orders over a longer period of time, a supplier is often willing and able to reduce its selling price greatly. With a larger sales volume the supplier may capture savings through economies of scale and reduced selling costs.The customer not only benefits from getting needed parts or services at lower cost but also is assured a dependable source of supply. Firms that work closely with fewer suppliers can focus their effort on working with suppliers to resolve joint problems. But without the customer’s help it may be impossible for the supplier to identify a solution to the problem. As the head of purchasing at Motorola puts it, “Every time we make an error it takes people at both ends to correct it.”Exercise 2Directions:Listen to the passage again and answer the questions according to what you hear.1.What does the best relationship involveReal partnership.2. Why do many firms reduce the number of their suppliersBecause they expect more in return from remaining suppliers.3. What can closely tied firms shareTasks at lower total cost.4. What is a supplier willing and able to do if a customer places large ordersTo reduce its selling price greatly.5. May it be possible for the supplier to identify a solution to the problemNo, it may not.Part II F un B reakDirections: Listen to the jokes and answer the following questions.Do All You Can for Your ClientsOne morning my boss was explaining to me the importance of keeping in touch with clients. “What I try to do, “is to give them a call every day or two and tell them the status of their project. Clients appreciate it when you touch with them. And when clients call you, do all you can for them. Success results from being there when people need you.”At that moment the phone rang. Like lightening, my boss hit the intercom. “Maggie,” he said to his secretary, “tell them I’m not in right now.”A Useful LessonIn England nobody under the age of eighteen is allowed to drink in a public bar.Mr. Thompson used to go to a bar near his house quite often, but he never took his son, Tom, because he was too young. Then when Tom had his eighteenth birthday, Mr. Thompson took him to his usual bar for the first time. They drank for half an hour, and then Mr. Thompson said to his son, “Now, Tom, I want to teach you a useful lesson. You must always be careful not to drink too much. And how you know when yo u’ve had enough Well, I’ll tell you. Do you see those two lights at the end of the bar When they seem to have become four, you’ve had enough and should go home.”“But, Dad,” said Tom, “ I can only see one light at the end of the bar.”1. What’s the joke of the first storyThe boss doesn’t do as he tells his employee.2. What can be inferred from the son’s answer in the second storyThe father has been drunk.Part III A dditional L isteningEstablishing Business RelationsExercise 1Directions:The sentences are not arranged in the same order as presented in the passage.Listen to the passage once and rearrange them.In the field of foreign trade, (1) the establishment of business relations is one (2) of the important undertakings, since the firm (3) needs extensive business connections to maintain or (4) expand its business activities. If a certain (5) corporation wishes to open up a market (6) to buy something from or sell something to (7) firms in foreign countries, the person in (8) charge must first find out whom he (9) is going to deal with. Usually, he (10) can get such information through various channels: (11) different websites on the Internet, Chambers of Commerce (12) in foreign countries, International Exhibition, Embassies in (13) foreign countries, etc.After the names and (14) addresses of the firms are obtained, a (15) letter may be sent by email or (16) fax to express wishes to cooperate for a (17) certain project or product. In such a (18) letter, the writer should tell the addressee (19) how he gets the information, what’s his (20) purpose of the letter and what kind of information he wants to acquire.If what is stated in the letter meets the receiver’s interest or falls into the receiver’s business scope, the receiver will reply to th e writer with detailed information.Business connections are very valuable to the foreign trade firms, so traders should not only try their best to consolidate their established relations but also develop their trade by searching for new connections from time to time.1. The writer tells the addressee what his purpose of the letter is.2. A letter may be sent by email or fax to express wishes to cooperate.3. The receiver will reply to the writer with detailed information.4. Find out whom he is going to deal with.5. Get information from websites.Answer: (4) (5) (2) (1) (3)Exercise 2 Spot DictationDirections: Listen to the passage again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear. (See the typescript in Exercise 1)Part IV O ral P racticeActivity 1Role PlayYou are a purchasing manager and you are going to procure some raw material for your factory from a famous foreign company with which you have never done business with.Activity 2Group WorkDivide the class into small groups, each having 4 students. Tell each other your own answers to the questions.。
Intercultural Communication in The Business Contex 正式版
Intercultural Communication in TheBusiness Context313商英一班孙晓莹NO.11AbstractWith the acceleration of economic globalization, business contacts from different countries have become increasingly frequent. In the international business environment such frequent exchanges, communication and exchange is no longer a simple business but cultural exchanges and cultural collision, is a cross-cultural communication. This paper discusses the importance of intercultural communicative competence in international business environment, it cited several important aspects of cross-cultural business activities, the level of language communication, as well as to deal with cultural differences in business activities in several strategies.Key WordInternational Business Environment Intercultural Communication Cultural Differences1.IntroductionWith the emergence and increasing multinational sixties of last century, the process of economic globalization is accelerating, business contacts between different countries frequently, collision of different cultures have been fully reflected in business activities, so in the business world many business behavior is not just a business, but also exchange and dialogue on the cultural level, cross-cultural communication behavior in the business environment, which appeared in Intercultural Business communication. Therefore, understanding the cultural differences, for conduct successful business events, business cooperation between different countries,business negotiations is important.2.LiteratureSince business protocol involves forms of ceremony, etiquette, and a correct code of conduct, it is important to understand these rules in any business transaction. However, like most rules of behavior discussed in this book, business "rules" are culture bound .You can see a difference in intercultural "regulations" in something as simple as a popular bumper sticker in the United States, which reads "Rules Are for Fools" While this sticker may express the high value Americans place on individualism, independence, and difference, you will remember from Chapter 4 that this view is not one shared by all cultures , In fact, in most parts of world, culturally correct protocol is both expected respected. [1]Cross-cultural communication involves communication and cultural concepts. In a certain sense, "Communication is the culture" in the process of communication, culture is formed. The culture is the concept of an all-encompassing, "Generally speaking, culture that is people think, said, (verbal and nonverbal), which is the sum of the sense of cultural communication that is' people from different cultural backgrounds (Information Communication and information issued by the recipient) between 'different ethnic create its own unique culture, shaped by their own culture. " In the international business environment, business activities in different countries, different cultures inevitably penetrate into the factors that cultural differences will inevitably affect business behavior, "the most successful companies not only well versed in the world economy and global competitiveness, but also with international business effective communicative ability. " Thus, a successful enterprise should not only have excellent economic, technical and management level, but also to understand the cultural differences between countries and between different cultures in order to avoid misunderstandings due to cultural differences caused by the conflict in business activities, thereby successful intercultural business communication, to achieve the desired business goals.The nature of international business takes place in international economic exchanges. Economic exchanges aimed at the exchange of material and services, andexchange materials and services through interpersonal achieve, so the nature of international business activities to cross-cultural communication for the purpose of commercial activities between people, namely Intercultural Business Communication. Intercultural Business Communication is a cross-cultural communication ,cross-cultural communication behavior is reflected in the international business environment.3.AnalysisThe main factors leading to cross-cultural communication barriers are cultural differences. In many respects the values of different cultures, ways of thinking, behavior and so there are large or small differences, specific to the business areas, mainly reflected in the outlook for business management and cultural management personnel, personal appearance, business etiquette, business appointment, the gift of gifts , business negotiations, conversational taboos and policy, as well as the attitude of the business activities of women and other differences.3.1Attitude for Management and Administrative StaffDue to the particular meaning and definition of their own cultural backgrounds, they have different values and rules of conduct. Different cultural backgrounds business attitude to business management and administrative staff is not the same. Therefore, understanding this difference to the business activities and business management to understand his country to deal with its management staff is important. For example, in the United States and Germany, business management values are different. In the US, corporate fancy achievements and success, advocating hard work, pragmatism, optimism, Puritanism, weak of working relationships, equality of opportunity for working and acceptance of competition and individualism. The German management concepts are not very strong, which stems from their historically valued the professional skills and abilities. In their view highly skilled German workers did not need managers to motivate them.In China, business is more different from the values of the two Chinese companies re kinship, relationships, respect for elders and class relations. Such values are bound to have significant management collectivism features.3.2Personal AppearanceAs we know, the United States is an informal culture. This informality is reflected by policy of “casual Friday”, which many U.S. organizations use to promote a relaxed dress code among employees. The “dot-com” organizations in Silicon Valley are noted for their very informal dress code, and young entrepreneurs can often be seen conducting business in polo shirts and jeans. On many college and university campuses, you can find professors who dress like their students. Other cultures are more formal, and this attitude of formality extends to people’s personal appearance, especially in business interactions. In Japan, for example, a black suit is the standard uniform of most Japanese corporate employees. Dress that differentiates an individual from the majority is not readily accepted. Even though the younger generation of Japanese has started to wear more color and different styles, conservative clothes are still the norm among upper-level managers and executives. German businessmen and businesswomen also dress conservatively; dark suits and white shirts are standard attire.Mexico is yet another country where appropriate dress is part of the business setting. In fact, success in much of Mexico is tied to appearance. Kras speaks to this cultural consideration when she writes: Good clothes and careful grooming are expected of anyone in a managerial position. Most executives dress with sameold-world formality that characterizes their manners. They know its important in maintaining the respect of their subordinates. They likewise expect their staff to be well dressed and well groomed, certainly, at the senior level.Just as Japan, in most Asian countries business executives dress fashionably and expect their counterparts to embody this same aura of success. As Schmidt and his associates note,” Professional attire is essential for formal business gatherings in Asian countries.” Western businesswomen working in Islamic nations, or with Muslim counterparts, should dress conservatively and modestly with a high neckline, sleeves extending below the elbow, and hemlines past the knees. Pants and pantsuits should not be worn. It is easy to imagine the consequences if a businessperson from the Unite States, dressed in slacks and a brightly colored polo shirt, arrived at ameeting with his or her German counterparts, who were wearing dark suits and ties. In this instance, the first impression would probably be less than positive.3.3Business etiquetteWhen enterprises in different cultural backgrounds deal with business, properly business etiquette is essential. You can say some necessary business etiquette is to start different cultural backgrounds enterprises to establish trade relations, even between enterprises determine whether to establish good trade relations and lay the foundation for further business. Here it is described several important business etiquette at the beginning of the establishment of trade relations.3.3.(1)ReservationIn the international business environment, the initial arrangements with other countries, contracting and business appointments include phone calls, the use of intermediaries and other details. Different cultural backgrounds business at time of booking and the initial contract arrangements vary, such as how long before the formal signing met with the most appropriate business-related personnel, we must consider other corporate cultures. For example, in Mexico and many other Latin American countries, companies generally one month in advance email or phone to make an appointment, and then have contact once a week before signing. And build relationships with other companies in China before, during business investment is very important. When companies trade with China, with local government officials to make an appointment enterprises, recognizing the import staff, buyers and agents and joint venture partners, will contribute to further business dealings. This is important because the Chinese culture relations, heavy exchanges.3.3.(2)greetingGreeting is after the appointment. And say hello to the host country to observe the etiquette is particularly important. Americans tend to greet such as informal and friendly manner. In the United States, both men and women have when they meet and farewell handshake, even among men and women, a hug or a familiar face among women kiss each other is desirable. They often address him by another name, but except for formal occasions or elders. In Saudi Arabia, it is much more intimatemeeting - only to receive frequent thin, but also endless; but also between men often hug each other, kiss on the cheek.In Germany, handshake very formal and accompanied by almost imperceptible bow, unless the owner is very understanding, other contact, such as hugging and kissing cheeks are discouraged. In Germany gifts, for gifts is appropriate, the packaging is fine to pay special attention, is designed to send Valentine's roses, never can be sent easily, Germans like to be invited to picnic, but the owner needs to do before departure meticulous and thoughtful arrangements. Australia has nose-rubbing, and touch, the more the better explain the relationship. Australians are accustomed to shake hands meet, but do not shake hands between some woman, his girlfriend meet often kiss each other's face. In Italy, handshake is important in business activities represents a very formal respect.In the Netherlands, most people used to eat raw, cold food. Avoid sending food gifts and gift wrap to paper products. Dutch people to a guest, not overly attentive hostess. When men and women above the stairs, their courtesy exactly the opposite in most countries: the former men's, women in the post.Visible, etiquette of different cultures is so different, so you want to host a meeting of etiquette have a deep knowledge and understanding before the meeting, will be avoided in the actual meeting to embarrassment because of cultural differences and misunderstandings.3.3.(3)Gift-givingFor business dealings during the gift of gifts, due to cultural differences, different countries have different business etiquette. Most Americans will be in the business environment gift gifts as a form of bribery, while in many other cultures, gift-giving is a part of business etiquette is unusual, but in the. Thus, in the business environment, not only to understand each other enterprises for gift giving opinions and attitudes, but also understand the gift-giving relevant information, such as, when gift-giving, and what kind of gift is appropriate and so on.In ChinaIn China, business gift is regarded as friendship, trust, signs of cooperation. In the choice of gift, generally the best selection with distinct cultural characteristics,prominent company logo, the value should not be too expensive gifts. Generally, table accessories like jewelry, kitchenware, with paintings, home furnishings, books, lamps, whiskey, computers, watches, telephones, stamps, flowers and food are good gift choice. But to avoid sending foreign currency, cheese, green hat, and sharp things such as knives, scissors, watches, handkerchiefs, umbrellas, or flowers, etc. How graciously received gifts, such as whether the front of the giver of the gift face open, whether rebate equal to the value of the gift, but also because culture only. In China, the owner usually does not face opening the guests a gift. Accepting gifts should be received with both hands and said he was willing to accept. And foreign difference is that when China refused to receive a gift usually two or three times before they agree to accept the post, this does not seem that they are greedy. In China also want to give gifts of reciprocity. Feedback should pay attention to when the best back something of equal value.In AmericaIn the United States, lavish luxury is not allowed. In 1905, President Eisenhower men Sherman Adams say expensive but had accepted an alpaca coat off and notorious. American business people at Giving or receiving gifts really know how to control. And, Internal Revenue Service regulations gift must be controlled within twenty-five US dollars atmosphere, beyond this limit will be charged. At gift-giving time to write the name of your company, after all, to let each other knows who the gift giver. No need to gift wrap. You should open a gift in front of the giver. And verbally express your love and appreciation for the gift. Typically he wrote a note to express gratitude to the donor after receiving a gift, a gift for each other unless the company's trademark or advertisements. If a gift is a basket of fruit or a box of candy to face open and shared with the staff in the company colleagues, and if you do not open the gift to take home to the children and their families is considered very rude to eat and taste.In JapanIn Japan, gift-giving is a system, a way of expression is respected. Also it is seen as part of the business activities. July 15 and December for the Japanese is gift-givingseason. Companies give customers gifts to express their future and the past appreciation of the company's patronage. Similarly, the company will give employees a certain bonus for encouragement. Japan, unlike some countries leave to employeesin return, they are usually gifts. The company will also visit the gift in the business. Some unwritten etiquette virtually defines the modest gift or not. Be sure to consider the issue of class gift-giving, you should be very clear what kind of gift to give subordinates for which suitable to give the boss a gift. In Japan, such as the import of spirits, high-quality consumer goods, well-designed goods are relatively popular gift. In addition, music tapes and CD, etc. are also good choices. What is important to send a gift, from what place to buy gifts is also very important. From expensive stores and small shops adjacent to prestigious gift to buy is not the same meaning. Ginza to buy gifts also carries prestige atmosphere. Although Japanese prices mean more intense, but more people are increasingly inclined to discount or a gift. The Japanese are gracious and elegant, they are seen as an art gifts. Gift packaging and gift-giving ritual, in their view with the gift itself is equally important.3.5NegotiationBecause different countries and nation has its unique cultural background, people from different cultures in various aspects of language style, ways of thinking, behavior, also showed their culture. In cross-cultural business negotiations, foreign enterprises in the rhythm of negotiations, negotiations and other aspects of style are very different.Language differences, facial expressions and AC frequencyIn business negotiations, negotiators’language differences usually resolved by the translator, more subtle way of language are often issued in the case of the unconscious rather than the negotiators, is often misunderstood signals (Japanese businessman positive interactions and cautious style, Brazil, French businessman of denial and casual style)Communication and customsInternational Business Negotiation often interspersed at social events (tea, coffee, dinner, etc.), which greatly influenced the next activity cultural factors. When theGermans defend a suit and courtesy; French art, history, food taste; the kind invitation of the Finnish steam bath; Australians tavern casual kind; South Americans to a dark suit and a small gift preference; Middle East businessman friendship comes first and indifference of time; the Nordic sense of distance and Americans, both for the guests wait situation is very normal and so on.Differences in the concept of timeUse single time: emphasize speed dedicated and specialized. North American, Swiss, Germans and Scandinavians have such characteristics. No punctuality is a very serious problem.Use a variety of time: a moment to emphasize multi-purpose, the Middle East and Latin American culture with such characteristics. This room is related to the establishment and to intentionally try to figure out the implication relations, a sense of people's time, more relaxed time, late, postponement is insignificant.Decision differenceAsians prefer the image of thinking, the Anglo-American cultural preference for abstract thinking. Eastern cultural preferences comprehensive thinking, and American cultural preferences analytical thinking. Oriental culture unified in, theAnglo-American cultural emphasis on the opposition. Based on the objective existence of differences in thinking, negotiators from different cultures exhibit differences in decision-making, and conflict stroke order and overall decision-making methods between methods.The degree and manner of government’s involvement in international business.3.6Conversational taboosAs you know from personal experience, meeting another person ,whether for business or pleasure, unusually involves some “small talk ”and socializing as a way of getting to know one another. However, the choice of topics employed in that early conversation must follow cultural rules. Observation of those rules demands that you learn what topics are acceptable to discuss in host culture, and what subjects are taboo. For Americans, Chaney and Martin point out that “the most popular topic of small talk seems to be weather or comments on some aspect of the physical surroundings,such as the arrangement of the meeting room or some aspect of the building.” As the conversation continues, Americans, because they are uncomfortable with silence, curious, and believe in gathering information about their counterpart, might ask personal questions of other person. For Americans businesspersons, personal questions are not actually considered taboo in business context. Hence, you night hear the most well intentioned American ask questions such as “What do you do?””How long have you been with you company? ””Do you have a family?” All of these topics are considered too personal in most cultures.While most cultural taboo topics are apparent, let us offer a few examples, in much of the world, you should not bring up topics related to politics, Schmidt and his colleagues offer a specific case when they note: Although people in the United States frequently argue politics, doing so with a Chilean, an Argentine or a Venezuelan may create an uncomfortable situation because of unpleasant past or current events in their countries’ memory. Discussing sensitive social issues, especially those related to religion and ethnic groups, should be avoided.A few more examples will help clarify our point about taboo topics. While in the United States, it would be very common to ask your counterpart, “How is your family?” Such a question in Saudi Arabia would be highly inappropriate, and with regard to South Africa, Martin and Chaney say that you should “avoid asking personal questions, such as a person’s marital status; also avoid discussions of ethnic differences or politics.”We conclude by alerting you to the danger of telling a joke. Humor does not travel well across cultures, because there are vast differences as to what a culture defines as humorous. In the United States women, the elderly, and people in power (politicians) are often the target of jokes. In many cultures, poking fun at these three groups is not considered humorous. Irony is common in the United States, but it is not usually understood in Japan.3.7Some countries intercourse tabooUnited StatesAmericans interpersonal context, has the following four main features:First, the easy-going friendly, accessibleSecond, warm and cheerful, sloppyThird, the subtlety is not deep, like humorFourth, self-esteem, ambition heavyBrazilIn terms of the Brazilian national character the attitude demonstrated by two characteristics. On the one hand, Brazilians like to go straight, say what. On the other hand, Brazilians in interpersonal relationships are most lively, humorous, fun-loving. Currently, Brazilians in social situations often hug or a meeting earlier understanding. Only a very formal event, they did shake hands for the ceremony. In addition, there is some unique Brazilian etiquette. First make a first ceremony, and the second, veneer ceremony, the three bathing ritual.South Eli shook his head: in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and other countries, when people interaction, often politely shook his head. Respect their table manners are: shaking his head to the left then agreed, respect and recognition; nod said they did not agree. This is precisely on the contrary with China's "not nods his head count.”.VietnamVietnamese during social occasions to meet with the guests, accustomed Baoquan Zuo Yi. Vietnam Buddhist people and guests to meet, row traditional Namaste (hands clasped together lip or forehead, was overdone ghosts).Vietnamese taboo others pat his shoulder or shouted, pointing his solemn feast, which is considered impolite behavior. Referring to things they chance their feet, or the feet of the others, that this is an insult to people belonging to some action. They taboo others not touch him or his child's head. Southern Khmer avoids to use left hand salute, eating, delivery thereof and Receiving. Because they see the left hand is dirty and lowly.German1German conservative and closed, when we say new to a company or a person, you want to keep the distance, keeping distance is not alienated, business can not alienate,but that we maintain a safe distance from each. Germans like to observe carefully, if it is confirmed that you are the right partner, and you will really intercourse.I, for example, if a German customer visits you, avoid big show, so rather small not big, not to fan rather simple. You can also ask the other party in advance so good, so good.2 who can not personally visit the client's company, I suggest the best marketing tool to send in material and product samples, is also a way to participate in the exhibition, but the cost of time is very powerful, it may not suitable for small companies. I said before, Germany is relatively closed, the performance in all aspects, he does not like to accept a variety of open inquiry, such as telemarketing. Add, do not know if the company made mass MAIL sell their products, this is illegal in Germany, you can send print product information to potential customers there, the phone can, but send advertising MAIL is illegal, the other party may a lawyer to sue you.3 In the exchanges, or discussion stage business, language taboo uncertainty. Because we are fighting for the best interests of, so I do not want to start to put some information out of cards, but with the German exchange, especially in the business, we must achieve to lay a draft, so back to the accurate, such as the performance of their products, index delivery time, price. If you can not determine just say, businessmen very sensitive, a little language of uncertainty can lead to doubts about the other side of the transaction itself.4 timetable to develop a detailed timetable must fulfill.4.ConclusionThe key to effective cross-cultural business communication is to understand cultural differences in various countries, when corporation cultures is under different operation mode, management styles, and business activities, business etiquette is different. When enterprises of different cultural backgrounds seek cooperation, understanding their cultural identity and their national and cultural differences, to establish business relations between enterprises to further business dealings have a positive impact. Business people, especially business managers understand their own different cultures at the same time, in the formulation of business developmentstrategy to be the development of intercultural business communication ability of enterprises associated personnel as an important component, thereby enhancing international business the ability to communicate and exchange, for enterprises to establish a good image in business activities, establishing extensive business foundation. In short, in today's era of economic globalization, multiculturalism and common development, to understand the differences between different cultures, in reality, the process of communication, especially in cross-cultural understanding in business communication, adapt to his country's culture, for business success is to critical.Reference［1］Larry A. Samovar Richard E. Porter Edwin R. McDanielCROSS=CULTURAL COMMUUNICATION Seventh Edition [M] 北京：北京大学出版社，2012［2］胡文仲.跨文化交际学概论［M］.北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1999. ［3］贾玉新.跨文化交际学［M］.上海：上海外语教育出版社，2002.［4］Samovar，munication Between Cultures［M］.Beijing：Foreign Language Teaching an Research Press，2000.[5]Varner Iris, amer Linda.Intercultural Communication in the Global Workplace［M］. Shanghai：Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press，2006.[6]宋贤卓. 商务谈判[M].科学出版社,2004.[7]杨俊一.中西文化模式的价值冲突与整合[D].社会转型与价值观研讨会论文专辑,2000.[8]李素真,吕鹏.中西文化差异对国际商务谈判的影响[J].中国电力教育,2008,(23)。
全方位商务英语口语Unit 15 Intercultural Business Communicat
In what way we differ?
What are the trouble you have encountered when communicating with Americans?
Are we becoming more alike? Why (not)?
Nowadபைடு நூலகம்ys, the major concerns of most Americans are immigration, politics, crime, drug use, and unemployment, etc. What do you think are most Chinese people’s major concerns?
Work in a team of 4-5. Read the following sketch, in which there is a difference in cultural perspective. Identify the problem or conflict and work out strategies to solve the dilemma.
Unit15 Intercultural Business Communication
Situational Practice
Build up a dialogue with your partner based on the following situations.
You are at a bank and talk to the bank clerk about opening a bank account. You tell him/her what account you’d like to open and ask for necessary information about how to apply for it.
流利说商务英语课程自我介绍
流利说商务英语课程自我介绍Hello, everyone! My name is [Your Name] and I am thrilled to have the opportunity to introduce myself and share my passion for teaching business English. As a fluent speaker of English with a strong background in business communication, I am confident in my ability to guide you through the intricacies of professional language usage and help you achieve your language learning goals.First and foremost, I understand the challenges that professionals face when trying to communicate effectively in a business setting. Whether it's negotiating deals, presenting proposals, or simply engaging in small talk with international clients, the ability to express oneself clearly and confidently in English is a valuable asset. With this in mind, I have tailored my course to address these specific needs, providing practical language skills that can be immediatelyapplied in real-world business scenarios.Furthermore, I believe that language learning should be an engaging and interactive experience. My teaching approach emphasizes active participation,group discussions, and role-playing exercises to simulate authentic business situations. By actively engaging with the language in a supportive and dynamic environment, students can build their confidence and fluency in a way that feels natural and enjoyable.In addition to language proficiency, cultural awareness is also a crucial aspect of effective business communication. Throughout the course, I integrate cultural insights and etiquette tips to help students navigate the nuances of international business interactions. Understanding the cultural context behind language usage can prevent misunderstandings and foster stronger, more meaningful connections with global partners and colleagues.Moreover, I am committed to providing a personalized learning experience for each of my students. I recognize that every individual has unique strengths, weaknesses, and learning styles. Therefore, I strive to create a supportive andinclusive learning environment where each student feels heard, valued, and empowered to reach their full potential. Through ongoing feedback and tailored guidance, I aim to help students overcome language barriers and achieve their professional communication objectives.Furthermore, I am dedicated to staying current with the latest trends and developments in business and language. I regularly update my course materials to reflect the evolving demands of the global marketplace, ensuring that students are equipped with relevant and up-to-date language skills. By incorporating contemporary business case studies, industry-specific vocabulary, and the latest communication tools, I aim to provide a comprehensive and practical learning experience that directly aligns with the realities of modern business.In conclusion, I am deeply passionate about helping professionals enhancetheir business English skills and achieve success in the global arena. Through a combination of practical language training, cultural insights, personalized support, and a commitment to ongoing improvement, I am confident that my course will equip you with the language and cultural competencies needed to excel in your professional endeavors. I look forward to embarking on this language learning journey together and am excited to witness the growth and achievements of each and every one of my students. Thank you for considering my business English course, and I can't wait to see you in the virtual classroom!。
商务沟通材料第一章
The Purposes of Communication
(1) to establish and build goodwill (2) to persuade (3)to obtain or share information (4) to establish personal effectiveness (5) to build self-Esteem
Topic Structure
Part I
Topics & their linkages Text is designed so most chapters stand on their own
students can “dip” into chapters for immediate help
Chapter 1 Organizations and Communications
Studying communication generates immediate & long-term rewards
better communicators have advantages in life & in business
Essential personal, transferable, professional skill
Culture
Business Communications
Goals, analysis, synthesis implementation Strategy Competitive Advantage
Strategy
Source: Figure 0.1, p xx
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Written Intercultural Skills
Use Plain English
Strive for Clarity Use Proper Addresses
Cite Numbers Carefully
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall Chapter 1 - 24
Social Customs
Nonverbal Communication
Chapter 1 - 17
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Cultural Context
High Context
Decision-Making Practices
Plagiarism
Selective Misquoting
Falsifying Numbers
Distorting Visuals
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Chapter 1 - 10
Recognizing Ethical Issues
Nonverbal Communication
Communication Process
Decoding Verbal Messages
Interpreting Nonverbal Signals
Cultural Context
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Decision Making Productivity
Business Relationships
Promotional Messages Images and Brands
Work Flow
Audience Response
Chapter 1 - 3
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7
2
Sender Encodes the Idea
6
Audience Decodes Message
Sender Produces Message
3
Sender Transmits Message
4
Audience Receives Message
Chapter 1 - 7
5
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High Context
Problem-Solving Methods
Low Context
Negotiating Styles
Low Context
Chapter 1 - 18
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Chapter 1 - 8
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Ethical Communication
True in Every Sense Includes Relevant Information
Legal and Ethical Views
Seek Mutual Ground
Withhold Judgment Respect Differences
Send Honest Messages
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall Chapter 1 - 19
Communication Skills
Ethical Communication Audience-Centered Approach Constructive Feedback
Business Etiquette
Intercultural Sensitivity
Technology Skills
Internal Audiences
External Audiences
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall Chapter 1 - 2
Communication Benefits
Problem Solving
Understanding Business Communication in Today’s Workplace
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall
Chapter 1 - 1 NhomakorabeaGlobal Communication
What Is Culture?
Symbols Beliefs
Culture Is A Shared System
Thought Patterns
Values Norms
Behaviors
Communication
Attitudes
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Ethical Dilemma
Stakeholders Conflicting Loyalties Difficult Tradeoffs
Ethical Lapse
Business Pressures Illegal Choices Unethical Choices
Chapter 1 - 11
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Audience-Centered Approach
Focus on the Audience
Care About the Audience
Respect the Audience
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall Chapter 1 - 13
Not Deceptive in Any Way
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall Chapter 1 - 9
Unethical Communication
Unethical Practices
Deal with Individuals
Review Travel Books
Chapter 1 - 16
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Cultural Differences
Contextual Issues Law and Ethics
Negative Cultural Attitudes
Ethnocentrism Xenophobia Stereotyping
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What Is Cultural Pluralism?
Making Ethical Choices
Individual Employees
Code of Ethics
Corporate Management
Policies and Structures
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall Chapter 1 - 12
Expectations
Chapter 1 - 14
Intercultural Sensitivity
Assume Differences Withhold Judgment Tolerate Ambiguity Look Past the Surface
Show Respect
Note Cultural Biases
Chapter 1 - 15
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Intercultural Sensitivity
Remain Flexible Seek Common Ground Learn When to be Direct Observe and Learn
Social Customs
Formal Rules
Behavior
Informal Rules
Manners
Status and Wealth System of Values Respect for Authority
Chapter 1 - 20
Concept of Time
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