Writing for Publication
Writing for Publication,如何写英文期刊.ppt
…there were 3 bears…
OuResults
…and she ran home.
Conclusions
…never go into the woods alone.
Don’t start writing yet!
Who is the story for?
Is it interesting? Could it affect practice or policy? Is it generalisable?
Almost everything is publishable
somewhere
Don’t start writing yet!
Don’t write yet!
More ideas
Questions from clinicians …especially those you can’t
answer Things that go wrong Things you disagree with
You already have something
But is it publishable?
Writing for Publication
James Munro University of Sheffield
Why write?
Fame and fortune Bolster the CV Pressure from above … dissemination
So what’s the problem?
What we’ll talk about
Writing an academic paper 10 ways to be rejected Magazines and books are a bit
英语作文 写信约稿
Dear Recipients Name,I hope this letter finds you well.My name is Your Name,and I am writing to you on behalf of Your Organization/Publication Name,where I serve as an Editor/Editorial Assistant/Contributing Writer.Firstly,I would like to express our admiration for your work in the field of Recipients Expertise/Field of Interest.Your insightful perspectives and contributions have been highly influential,and we believe that your voice would be a valuable addition to our publication/journal/magazine.With this in mind,we are reaching out to invite you to contribute an article for our upcoming issue,which is themed around Theme of the Issue.We believe that your expertise and unique insights on Specific Topic or Aspect of the Theme would greatly enrich our readers understanding and provoke thoughtprovoking discussions.Here are the details of the submission:1.Topic:We would like you to focus on Specific Topic or Broad Theme.However,we are open to your suggestions for a more detailed angle or subtheme that aligns with your expertise.2.Word Count:The article should be approximately Word Count words,but we are flexible and encourage you to write at length that best suits the content.3.Deadline:We would be grateful if you could submit your manuscript by Submission Deadline.This will allow ample time for review and any necessary revisions.4.Style and Format:Please adhere to our Style Guide/Format Requirements,which can be found on our website or provided upon request.pensation:As a token of our appreciation for your contribution,we offer a Honorarium/Payment Details for accepted articles.6.Rights:Upon acceptance,we will request the first publication rights for your article. After publication,you are free to republish it elsewhere,with proper attribution to our publication/journal/magazine.We eagerly await your response and hope that you will consider our invitation.If you have any questions or require further information,please do not hesitate to contact me atYour Contact Information.Thank you for considering our request,and we look forward to the possibility of featuring your work in our publication.Warm regards,Your Full NameYour PositionYour Organization/Publication NameYour Contact Information。
paperwriting
Int. J. Technology Enhanced Learning, Vol. 6, No. 2, 2014105Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.Basics of research paper writing and publishingMichael DerntlRWTH Aachen UniversityAdvanced Community Information Systems (ACIS), Lehrstuhl Informatik 5, Ahornstr. 55, 52056 Aachen, GermanyEmail: derntl@dbis.rwth-aachen.deAbstract: Publishing research results is an integral part of a researcher’s professional life. However, writing is not every researcher’s favourite activity, and getting a paper published can be a very tedious and time-consuming process. Fortunately, many of the obstacles along the writing and publishing path can be avoided by following some simple guidelines and practices. This paper presents a synthesis of guidelines found in literature about structuring and writing scientific papers. The paper outlines the process of publishing research papers in journals and conference proceedings, aiming to provide early-stage researchers with a handy introduction to essential issues. The paper takes an interdisciplinary stance by giving examples from technology-enhanced learning research and borrowing from literature in social, natural and computing sciences.Keywords: paper writing; publication process; paper structure; journal publications; conference publications; writing tips; scientific practice.Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Derntl, M. (2014) ‘Basics of research paper writing and publishing’, Int. J. Technology Enhanced Learning , Vol. 6, No. 2, pp.105–123.Biographical notes: Michael Derntl is a Senior Researcher at the Information Systems chair at RWTH Aachen University, Germany. He has conducted and managed R&D in several publicly funded projects in the area of technology-enhanced learning at University of Vienna and RWTH Aachen University. He holds a PhD in Information Systems from University of Vienna. He has given seminars and workshops on scientific writing and publishing at the University of Vienna and the Joint European Summer School on Technology Enhanced Learning, respectively.1 IntroductionThe dissemination of research results and findings is an integral part of the research process and the career in academia. Researchers write to keep records of their work for themselves, but more importantly for readers and peers who are expecting a standard form, language and style when reading research papers. Writing in a scientific style may be hard in the beginning for novices, but clear communication and concise writing for a scientific audience can be trained (Davis, 1997).106 M.DerntlRobert Day (1983) defines a scientific paper as “a written and published report describing original research results” (p.1). Day claims that scientific papers have to meet certain requirements regarding how the paper was written and the way it is published. He stresses that the process leading to publication is equally important as the content, style and organisation of the published paper. According to this view, a scientific paper must be a valid publication, i.e. it must be published in the right place, like in a peer-reviewed journal or in a top-ranked conference. The publication outlet nowadays heavily relies on the field of research, for instance in computer science, papers in proceedings of some of the top-ranked conferences are equally or even more prestigious than articles in highly ranked journals, while in the natural sciences, conference publications have little to no value in the track record. Regardless of the publication outlet, a validly published scientific paper must contain the “first disclosure of results with sufficient information to enable peers (i) to assess observations, (ii) to repeat experiments, and (iii) to evaluate intellectual processes” (Council of Biology Editors, 1968, pp.1–2, as cited in Day, 1983, p.2).Editors and publishers expect a standard form and structure of submitted papers and published versions for reviewers and readers. The form may vary considerably by type of paper (e.g. a case study is presented in a different form from a survey paper), but the basic building blocks are similar. Some parts of a paper are also relevant for indexing services, which expect title, authors, affiliations, abstract and similar pieces of (meta)information. Dealing with these issues, the first part of this paper (Sections 2–4) focuses on the structural components of scientific papers and basic writing guidelines. Dealing with publishers, editors, peer reviewer’s comments, deadlines, submission and style guidelines, and other obstacles on the way to the paper appearing in a printed volume is probably one of the most exhausting tasks in a researcher’s life. To shed light on these issues, Section 5 of this paper outlines motivations and avenues to publish research papers.The main objective of this paper is to serve early-stage researchers with handy introduction to the structural components of scientific papers and the processes that lead to their publication. This paper assumes no explicit disciplinary perspective. It borrows from the literature on paper writing and publishing and gives examples from the social, natural and technical sciences, since the prestige associated with different types of publications varies greatly by discipline. In computer science, for instance, it is possible to make career steps based mostly or exclusively on publications in conference proceedings, which would be unthinkable in most other fields of science. In interdisciplinary research, for instance in technology-enhanced learning, it is therefore essential to be aware of these disciplinary differences and also the commonalities that drive scientific progress and propel personal career development.2 Intentions for paper writingOne may ask why researchers write up what they have been doing or what they are currently working on. Booth et al. (1995) deliver three obvious reasons (pp.8–9): to remember, because once something is forgotten, it cannot be reproduced correctly without having written notice; to understand, as writing about a subject can only be accomplished by approaching the subject in a structured way, which itself leads to betterBasics of research paper writing and publishing 107 understanding thereof; and to gain perspective, as writing includes looking at something from different points of view.Still the question remains why researchers turn their writing into formal papers. Writing for others is more demanding than writing for oneself, but it can also contribute to obtaining a better understanding of the own ideas and results (Booth et al., 1995). As publications have system-maintaining roles in their respective sciences, additional motivations for researchers to write and publish their research work are (Stock, 2000) are follows:∙scientific communication: O’Connor(1995) points out that this is essential if science is to progress;∙ideal and legal protection of intellectual property;∙gaining reputation;∙thinking in economic measures, ‘sale to achieve high prices’ may be transformed to ‘publish to achieve many citations’ (economic theory of science).Peat et al. (2002) provide a list of rather pragmatic reasons for writing up and publishing research results. Among them are having results that are worth reporting; wanting to progress scientific thought; wanting to reach a broad audience; improving the chance of promotion; and it is unethical to conduct a study and not report the findings.For many academics, it is actually an implicit or explicit requirement to publish papers. For instance, this is the case for PhD researchers whose institutions or supervisors demand a certain record of published, peer-reviewed papers, or for researchers whose follow-up contract or salary depends on their publication record.3 Structure of scientific papersThe structure of a research paper comprises three core parts, namely introduction, body and discussion. The progression of the thematic scope of a paper within these parts typically follows a pattern called the ‘Hourglass Model’ (see Figure 1, light-grey parts; cf. Swales, 1993): The introduction leads the reader from general motivations and a broad subject to a particular research question that is tackled in the body of the paper. The body of the paper stays within a tight thematic scope and describes the research methods and results in detail. Eventually, the discussion part aims to draw general conclusions and present implications from the results. This thematic progression is also reflected in Berry’s (1986) claim that a research paper should be circular in argument, i.e. the conclusion should return to the opening, and examine the original purpose in the light of the presented research.However, there are additional parts of a paper with similar importance. These are title, abstract and references. The extended Hourglass Model, which I chose to call the ‘King Model’ of paper structure for its visual resemblance of the chess piece, is shown as an extension of the Hourglass Model indicated by the dark-grey parts in Figure 1. The following subsections describe all parts of a paper following the King Model.108 M. DerntlFigure 1 The ‘Hourglass Model’ (light-grey parts) and the ‘King Model’, which covers anextended set of parts in a typical paper’s structureSource: Based on Swales (1993)3.1 TitleThe title is the part of a paper that is read the most; it is usually read first and most often, it is the only thing that is read. Electronic indexing services rely heavily on the accuracy of the title to allow users to find papers that are relevant to their research. Day (1983) defines a good title “as the fewest possible words that adequately describe the contents of the paper” (p.9). When the title is too long, it usually contains too many waste words such as ‘Investigations on’ at the beginning. On the other hand, titles that are too short often use words which are too general. For instance, the title “Writing Reports” does not provide any information on which kind of reports the paper is focusing on. Thus, according to Peat et al. (2002), effective titles ∙ identify the main issue of the paper; ∙ begin with the subject of the paper;∙ are accurate, unambiguous, specific and complete;∙do not contain abbreviations unless they are well known by the target audience, e.g. HTML or CPU in titles of computer science papers or ADHD in titles of psychology papers; ∙attract readers.Basics of research paper writing and publishing 109 There are different types of title. In Jamali and Nikzad (2011), the authors differentiate descriptive titles, which describe what the paper is about (e.g. ‘Investigating the role of academic conferences on shaping the research agenda’); declarative titles, which make a statement about the results presented in the paper (e.g. ‘Academic conferences shape the short-term research agenda’); interrogative titles, which pose a question (e.g. ‘Do academic conferences shape the research agenda?’); and compound titles, which may combine several of the above separated by colons or question marks (e.g. ‘Do academic conferences shape the research agenda? An empirical investigation’). The authors investigated the impact of the title type on the download and citation count of a paper. Interrogative titles have more downloads but fewer cites. Compound titles with colon are longer and have fewer downloads and cites. Long titles tend to get fewer downloads than shorter titles.Let us examine some examples of titles from published papers and see what types and characteristics they expose:∙‘Educational Technology and Culture: The Influence of Ethnic and Professional Culture on Learners’ Technology Acceptance’: a compound, mostly descriptive title, which is relatively long with 15 words. Despite its length, it does not reveal the findings of the study.∙‘HT06, tagging paper, taxonomy, Flickr, academic article, to read’: an interesting variant of a descriptive title that is self-reflective. The paper is about tagging, published at the Hypertext conference in 2006 (HT06) and it uses a list of tags as its title including a reference to the conference. Due to its unusual style, it will probably stand out in a table of contents and thus attract readers.∙‘A New Framework for Dynamic Adaptations and Actions’: a descriptive title that reveals only little about the content of the paper. Moreover, it is fairly unspecific by not clarifying what kinds of adaptations and actions are dealt with. Unless this is clear in the target community, the title should include some declarative pieces (e.g.what characteristics does the framework expose other than that it is ‘new’?)∙‘Go To Statement Considered Harmful’: a declarative, short title, which will be rather meaningless to non-computer scientists. This is the title of an influential paper published by Edsger Dijkstra in 1968, and the style of the title referring to a common practice that is suboptimal as being ‘considered harmful’ has since been adopted for many other papers.3.2 AbstractBasically, an abstract comprises a one-paragraph summary of the whole paper. Abstracts have become increasingly important, as electronic publication databases are the primary means of finding research reports in a certain subject area today (Koopman, 1997). Hence, everything of relevance to potential readers should be in the abstract, everything else not.According to Day (1983), there are two basic types of abstract:∙An informative abstract extracts everything relevant from the paper, such as research objectives addressed, methods employed in solving the problems, results obtained and conclusions drawn. Such abstracts may serve as a highly aggregated substitute for the full paper.110 M.DerntlOn the other hand, an indicative or descriptive abstract rather describes the content of the paper and may thus serve as an outline of what is presented in the paper. This kind of abstract cannot serve as a substitute for the full text.A checklist defining relevant parts of an abstract is proposed in Koopman (1997), whereas the author suggests packing each part into one sentence. Note that the thematic scope of an abstract progresses in a similar way as the complete paper following the Hourglass Model:1 Motivation: Why do we care about the problem and the results?2 Problem: What problem is the paper trying to solve and what is the scope of thework?3 Solution: What was done to solve the problem?4 Results: What is the answer to the problem?5 Implications: What implications does the answer imply?Also, there are some things that should not be included in an abstract, i.e. information and conclusions not stated in the paper, references to other literature (although this may vary by journal), the exact title phrase and illustrative elements such as tables and figures (Day, 1983). It is also not beneficial to use the exact phrases that appear later in the introduction. Further useful hints and comments on preparing and writing abstracts are given on various educational and professional websites, such as in Koopman (1997), Hammermeister (2002) and Procter (2002), to mention a few.An example of an informative abstract that meets all mentioned requirements is given in Table 1 (left-hand side). In contrast, the right-hand side of the table shows an abstract that is lacking a clear description of results and conclusions.3.3 IntroductionThe introduction serves the purpose of leading the reader from a general subject area to a particular field of research. Three phases of an introduction can be identified (Swales, 1993):1 Establish a territory: bring out the importance of the subject and/or make generalstatements about the subject and/or present an overview on current research on the subject.2 Establish a niche: oppose an existing assumption or reveal a research gap orformulate a research question or problem or continue a tradition.3 Occupy the niche: sketch the intent of the own work and/or outline importantcharacteristics of the own work; outline important results; and give a brief outlook on the structure of the paper.In brief, the introduction should guide the reader to current state of the art in the field and should allow the reader to understand the rest of the paper without referring to previous publications on the topic (Day, 1983). Even though the introduction is the first mainBasics of research paper writing and publishing 111 section in a paper, many researchers write – or at least finish – it rather late in the paper writing process, as at this point the paper structure is complete, the reporting has been done and conclusions have been drawn.Table 1Parts of an abstract: two examplesTitle: ‘Paper interfaces for learning geometry’ Title: ‘Unsupervised auto-tagging for learning object enrichment’Motivation An online presence is gradually becoming an essential part of every learning institute. Assuch, a large portion of learning material isbecoming available online. Paper interfaces offer tremendous possibilities for geometry education in primary schools.Problem Incongruently, it is still a challenge for authorsand publishers to guarantee accessibility, supporteffective retrieval and the consumption oflearning objects. One reason for this is that non-annotated learning objects pose a major problemwith respect to their accessibility. Non-annotatedobjects not only prevent learners from findingnew information; but also hinder a system’sability to recommend useful resources. Existing computer interfaces designed to learn geometry do not consider the integration of conventional school tools, which form the part of the curriculum. Moreover, most computer tools are designed specifically for individual learning; some propose group activities, but most disregard classroom-level learning, thus impeding their adoption.Solution To address this problem, commonly known as the cold-start problem, we automaticallyannotate specific learning resources using astate-of-the-art automatic tag annotationmethod: α-TaggingLDA, which is based onthe Latent Dirichlet Allocation probabilistictopic model. We performed a user evaluationwith 115 participants to measure the usabilityand effectiveness of α-TaggingLDA in acollaborative learning environment. We present an augmented reality-based tabletop system with interface elements made of paper that addresses these issues. It integrates conventional geometry tools seamlessly into the activity and it enables group- and classroom-level learning. In order to evaluate our system, we conducted an exploratory user study based on three learning activities: classifying quadrilaterals, discovering the protractor and describing angles. We observed how paper interfaces can be easily adopted into the traditional classroom practices.Results The results show that automatically generatedtags were preferred 35% more than the originalauthors’ annotations. Further, they were 17.7%more relevant in terms of recall for users.–Implications The implication of these results is thatautomatic tagging can facilitate effectiveinformation access to relevant learning objects.– Sources:Diaz-Aviles et al. (2011) and Bonnard et al. (2012)112 M.Derntl3.4 BodyThe body of a paper reports on the actual research done to answer the research question or problem identified in the introduction. It should be written as if it were an unfolding discussion, each idea at a time (Dees, 1997). Often, the body comprises several sections and subsections, whereas structure, organisation and content depend heavily on the type of paper, publication outlet, publisher and the creativity of the authors. Some examples are given below.∙In empirical papers, the paper body describes the material and data used for the study, the methodologies applied to answer the research questions and the results obtained. It is very important that the study is described in a way that makes it possible for peers to repeat or to reproduce it (Day, 1983).∙Case study papers describe the application of existing methods, theory or tools.Crucial is the value of the reflections abstracted from the experience and their relevance to other designers or to researchers working on related methods, theories or tools.∙Methodology papers describe a novel method which may be intended for use in research or practical settings (or both), but the paper should be clear about the intended audience.∙Theory papers describe principles, concepts or models on which work in the field (empirical, experience, methodology) is based; authors of theoretical papers are expected to position their ideas within a broad context of related frameworks and theories. Important criteria are the originality or soundness of the analysis provided as well as the relevance of the theoretical content to practice and/or research in the field.Generally, the body of a paper answers two questions, namely how was the research question addressed (materials, methods) and what was found (results; Davis, 1997; Day, 1983; Peat et al., 2002).3.5 DiscussionThinking in terms of the Hourglass Model (cf. Figure 1), the discussion part (sometimes presented as ‘Discussion’, ‘Discussion and Conclusion’, or simply ‘Conclusion’) is the counterpart to the introduction since this part should lead the reader from narrow and/or very specific results to more general conclusions. Generally, this part includes (cf. Day, 1983; Swales, 1993) the following:∙ A presentation of background information as well as recapitulation of the research aims of the study.∙ A brief summary of the results, whereas the focus lies on discussing and not recapitulating the results.∙ A comparison of results with previously published studies.∙Conclusions or hypotheses drawn from the results, with summary of evidence for each conclusion.∙Proposed follow-up research questions and outlook on further work.Basics of research paper writing and publishing 113 According to Day (1983), something that is often not adequately dealt with is a discussion about the significance and implications of the results; a good place for doing so is the end of the discussion part.3.6 ReferencesEmbedding the own work in related literature is one of the essential parts of research writing. This is achieved by citing related work within the text and by listing all cited references at the end of the paper. Different publishers require different formats or styles for citing a paper in the text and for listing references. The most commonly used referencing systems are variations of the following (cf. Day, 1983):∙Name and year system. References are cited by their respective authors and the year of publication, e.g. ‘Chuck and Norris (2003) define …’. This system is very convenient for authors, as the citation does not have to be changed when adding or removing references from the list. The fact that sentences become hard to read when subsequently citing many references in one single parenthesis this way is one negative aspect for readers.∙Alphabet-number system. This system lists the references in alphabetical order and cites them by their respective number in parentheses or (square) brackets, e.g. ‘As reported in [4], …’. This system is relatively convenient for readers, as it does not break the flow of words while reading a sentence with many citations. On the other hand, the author has to keep an eye on the references cited in the text as their numbers may change when the reference list is updated.∙Citation order system. This system is similar to the alphabet-number system with one major difference: the reference list is not sorted alphabetically, but in the order of appearance (citation by number) in the text.Variations of the referencing systems mentioned above are used in most of the common style guides, for instance American Psychological Association (APA) style (American Psychological Association, 2003), Chicago style (The University of Chicago, 2010), Council of Biology Editors (CBE) style and Modern Language Association (MLA) style (Gibaldi, 1995). In computer science, the most widely used styles are variations of the number system, e.g. the style used by Springer Verlag in the Lecture Notes series, the style used by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Press and the style guides issued by the IEEE Computer Society for most of their publications. In general, the citation system used depends on the scientific discipline (e.g. psychologists mainly use APA style), on the publisher (different publishers may require to use different referencing styles even in the same field) and on the publication outlet. Authors have no other choice than adhering to the style required by publishers.Regardless of the citation style, there are two basic rules for the list of references: (1) every cited source must be listed and (2) every listed source must be cited.4 Writing for publicationPapers must be written for a specific audience. This is particularly important for doctoral students trying to publish parts of their thesis. A scientific paper is written for the editor114 M.Derntland audience of the intended publication outlet, while the key audience of the thesis is the supervisor (Berry, 1986). Hence, the place of publication should be selected prior to writing the paper, and chapters extracted from theses have to be reconsidered accordingly (Davis, 1997). Related to parts of theses being published as research papers; Berry (1986, pp.105–108), notes that∙“Theses are written for supervisors who have to be convinced that one has really done work. No corners are cut. Space is no object […] Nothing of this applies to learned journals.”∙The professional public does not need to have everything spelled out, instead it “would like to learn something it did not already know, expressed in succinct prose, the points made in an agile and alert manner.”∙Two of the most important rules are ‘target the journal’ (i.e. its editor and audience) and ‘research the market’ to get to know available and appropriate journals in the field.∙After having chosen the preferred journal for publication, all efforts should be directed to place the paper in that specific journal. It is helpful to study papers previously published in that journal with respect to paper organisation, presentation and writing style.According to O’Connor (1995), several steps have to be taken to prepare a research paper for professional publication. First, the researchers have to ask themselves some preliminary questions to make sure that the studies are designed to answer precisely the research question under examination, that the experiments meet accepted standards and that the process of keeping records of the research work is agreed upon in the target community. Subsequently, the research work has to be assessed constantly in order to be able to decide whether the work is suitable for submission (speaking to colleagues and writing while work is in progress may turn out to be very helpful in this respect). A paper that “records significant experimental, theoretical or observational extensions of knowledge, or advances in the practical application of known principles” is worth publishing (O’Connor 1995).Even if the work reported on is considered worth publishing, a major prerequisite for a paper to pass a rigorous peer review process (cf. Section 5.1) prior to publication is a clean, concise and coherent writing style (cf. Section 4), as well as thorough organisation and elaboration of the statement unfolding in the paper. To achieve this, many revisions may be necessary, as Davis’ (1997) proposed plan for paper writing shows (Figure 2).There are many sets of writing tips available from different authors. Two sets of frequently stated tips or rules are presented here. Davis (1997) gives the following set of rules for technical and scientific writing:∙If it can be interpreted in more than one way, it is wrong.∙Know your audience, know your subject, know your purpose.∙If you cannot find a reason to put a comma in, leave it out.∙Keep your writing clear, concise and correct.∙If it works, do it.。
英文投稿时信件格式范文
英文投稿时信件格式范文 [Your Full Name][Your Address][City, State, ZIP Code][Your Email Address][Your Phone Number][Date][Editor's Full Name][Publication Name][Publication Address][City, State, ZIP Code]Dear [Editor's Name],。
I am writing to submit an article for consideration for publication in [Publication Name]. The article, titled "[Proposed Article Title]," is a comprehensive analysis of [topic/subject matter], offering unique insights and perspectives that I believe will engage and inform your readership.The article is approximately [number of words] words long and explores [brief overview of the main ideas and arguments in the article]. Through in-depth research and personal anecdotes, I aim to provide a nuanced understanding of this topic, while also offering practical solutions and thought-provoking discussions.I have attached a draft of the article for your review. Please feel free to provide any feedback or suggestions you may have, as I am always open to improving my work. I am confident that this article will make a valuable contribution to your publication and look forward to thepossibility of working with you.Thank you for considering my submission. I look forward to hearing from you soon.Sincerely,。
写作writing-for-publication
2
2016-07-14
But you will also need to learn more about the research traditions of the field in which you want to publish. I can suggest how to do that.
A single study on its own does not make a convincing case Rather, repeated studies of the same phenomena that yield the same results makes a convincing case
Check the instructions to authors.
– Author information – Title page – Manuscript – References – Tables and figures – Abstract and other features
4. When approaching the peer review process, note that it involves 3 “experts” making a publication recommendation.
Which journals does that community read (in general)? Which journals serve your sub-specialty? Over the course of your career, you would publish in those journals to familiarize your professional community with your work.
英语作文写给报社格式
英语作文写给报社格式Unfortunately, I don't have enough information to write a 1000-word article for you without using your prompt. However, I can provide you with a general outline and structure for an opinion article that you could use as a starting point. Please feel free to add your own ideas and content to expand it to the desired length.Outline for an Opinion Article for a Newspaper:1. Introduction (100-150 words):Begin with a catchy opening sentence to engage the reader.Briefly introduce the topic and its relevance.State your main opinion or argument.2. Background Information (200-250 words):Provide some background information on the topic.Discuss the current situation or relevant facts.Highlight any recent developments or events.3. Arguments Supporting Your Opinion (300-400 words):List and explain the main arguments that support your opinion.Use examples, statistics, or quotes to strengthen your points.Connect these arguments to the topic and its impact.4. Counterarguments and Their Response (200-250 words):Acknowledge any counterarguments or opposing views.Discuss why you think they are less valid orpersuasive.Provide evidence or logic to support your response.5. Conclusion (100-150 words):Summarize your main points and arguments.Reiterate your opinion or call to action.Leave the reader with a thought-provoking ending.Sample Introduction Paragraph:In today's rapidly changing world, the topic of [INSERT TOPIC] has become increasingly relevant and contentious. As [BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF TOPIC], it's crucial to examine the various perspectives and consider its implications for society. In my opinion, [STATE YOUR MAIN OPINION OR ARGUMENT].Please note that this is just a template, and youshould feel free to customize it according to your specific topic and arguments. Remember to add your own unique insights, examples, and analysis to make the article engaging and thought-provoking.。
给报社撰稿的作文格式
给报社撰稿的作文格式英文回答：As a writer contributing to the newspaper, it is important to follow a specific format and style while addressing the prompt. In order to meet the requirements, I will provide my response in both English and Chinese, without mixing the two languages. I will begin with the English response and then follow with the Chinese response.English Response:When it comes to writing an article for the newspaper, it is crucial to adhere to certain guidelines and formats. In order to effectively convey the message to the readers, it is necessary to use a combination of language skills. By incorporating both English and Chinese languages, I can provide a comprehensive and inclusive response to the prompt.Chinese Response:对于为报纸撰写文章，遵循特定的格式和风格非常重要。
为了有效地向读者传达信息，需要运用多种语言技巧。
通过同时使用英语和中文，我可以对问题提供综合而全面的回答。
English Response:In order to meet the word count requirement of at least 1500 words, I will strive to provide a detailed and comprehensive response to the prompt. By avoidingrepetitive phrases and unnatural keyword placements, I can ensure that each paragraph has a unique and distinct opening. This will help maintain the flow and coherence of the article.Chinese Response:为了满足至少1500字的字数要求，我将努力提供详细而全面的回答。
高中英语投稿类作文注意事项
高中英语投稿类作文注意事项Submitting a high school English essay for publication can be a rewarding and valuable experience for students. However, there are several important considerations to keep in mind to ensure a successful submission. This essay will outline some key factors to consider when preparing an essay for publication.First and foremost, it is critical to ensure that the essay adheres to all guidelines and requirements set forth by the publication. This includes following any specified formatting rules, word count limits, and stylistic preferences. Failure to comply with these guidelines can result in the essay being immediately disqualified from consideration. Therefore, it is essential to carefully review the submission requirements and strictly follow them.In addition to meeting the technical requirements, the content and quality of the essay itself must be of the highest caliber. The essay should demonstrate a strong command of the English language, with proper grammar, spelling, and sentence structure throughout. The writing should be clear, concise, and engaging, capturing thereader's attention from the opening paragraph to the conclusion.Moreover, the essay should present a well-developed, thoughtful argument or analysis on the given topic. This requires in-depth research, critical thinking, and the ability to effectively organize and present the information. The essay should not simply restate facts or regurgitate information, but rather offer a unique perspective or insight that adds value to the discussion.Another crucial consideration is the importance of proofreading and editing the essay before submission. Even the most talented writers can overlook errors or areas for improvement. It is highly recommended to have multiple individuals, such as teachers, peers, or professional editors, review the essay and provide feedback. This can help identify and address any weaknesses or areas that need further refinement.Furthermore, it is essential to ensure that the essay is original and free from any instances of plagiarism. This not only preserves the integrity of the writer's work but also adheres to the ethical standards expected by reputable publications. Proper citation of sources and acknowledgment of any borrowed ideas or information is a must.Finally, it is important to consider the timing and submission process.Many publications have specific deadlines for essay submissions, and it is crucial to ensure that the essay is submitted well before the deadline to avoid any potential issues or delays. Additionally, the submission process itself may have specific requirements, such as the use of online portals or the inclusion of cover letters or other supporting materials. Familiarizing oneself with the submission process and adhering to all necessary steps is crucial for a successful publication.In conclusion, submitting a high school English essay for publication requires a multifaceted approach. From meeting the technical requirements to ensuring the quality and originality of the content, each aspect must be carefully considered and executed. By following these key considerations, high school students can increase their chances of having their essays accepted and published, ultimately enhancing their academic and professional development.。
英语作文中投稿的格式
英语作文中投稿的格式When submitting an English essay for publication, it is important to follow a standard format to ensure that your work is properly presented and considered by the editor. Here is a general outline of the format you should use:Title Page:Title of the Essay: Center the title at the top of the page. It should be concise and descriptive.Your Full Name: Write your name below the title, centered.Contact Information: Provide your email address and phone number, centered below your name.Date: Include the current date, centered below your contact information.Abstract:Begin the next page with an abstract, which is a brief summary of your essay. The abstract should be no more than 150 words and should provide a clear overview of the main ideas and arguments in your essay.Introduction:Begin your essay with an introduction that clearly states the topic and purpose of your writing.Introduce the background and context of your topic, and provide any necessary definitions or terminology.End the introduction with a clear thesis statementthat outlines the main argument or claim of your essay.Body Paragraphs:Develop your argument in several body paragraphs. Each paragraph should focus on a specific aspect or subtopicrelated to your overall theme.Begin each paragraph with a topic sentence that summarizes the main idea of the paragraph.Use evidence, examples, and quotations to support your arguments. Cite any sources you use in the text or in endnotes/footnotes.Maintain a logical flow and transition between paragraphs to ensure a smooth reading experience.Conclusion:Conclude your essay with a summary of your main arguments and points.Restate your thesis statement and emphasize the significance of your work.Provide a closing statement that leaves the reader with a final thought or insight.References:Include a separate references page at the end of your essay, listing all the sources you have cited in your writing.Use a standard referencing style such as APA, MLA, or Chicago, depending on the requirements of the publication you are submitting to.Remember to proofread your essay for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors before submitting it. Also, ensure that your essay meets the minimum word count requirement of 1000 words.Please note that this is a general format, and specific journals or publications may have their own unique submission requirements. Always refer to the submission guidelines provided by the publication you are aiming to submit to for detailed instructions.。
大学生报纸为提交家乡出版的材料 英语作文
大学生报纸为提交家乡出版的材料英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Benefits of Submitting Articles for Publication in Your Hometown NewspaperAs college students, we are often focused on our studies and juggling various extracurricular activities. However, one valuable opportunity that many of us overlook is the chance to submit articles for publication in our hometown newspapers. Whether you are studying journalism, English, or any other major, contributing to your hometown newspaper can have numerous benefits for both you and your community.First and foremost, submitting articles to your hometown newspaper allows you to showcase your writing skills and gain valuable experience in the field of journalism. By writing for a real-world publication, you can hone your writing abilities, develop your storytelling techniques, and learn how to tailor your writing to a specific audience. This practical experience is invaluable for any aspiring writer or journalist, and can help you build a strong portfolio of published work.In addition to gaining valuable writing experience, submitting articles to your hometown newspaper can also help you establish a connection with your community. By writing about local events, issues, and people, you can contribute to the dialogue within your hometown and raise awareness about important issues. Your articles may even inspire others to get involved, make a difference, or take action in their community. By writing for your hometown newspaper, you have the power to inform, engage, and inspire others in a meaningful way.Furthermore, submitting articles to your hometown newspaper can help you build a reputation as a reliable and knowledgeable writer within your community. As your articles are published and read by local residents, you will become known as a trusted source of information and insight on a wide range of topics. This can open up opportunities for networking, collaboration, and even future employment within your hometown or beyond.Lastly, submitting articles to your hometown newspaper can be a rewarding experience that allows you to give back to the place where you grew up. By sharing stories about your hometown, its people, and its unique character, you can help preserve its cultural heritage and celebrate its achievements.Your articles may also serve as a record of important events and moments in your hometown's history, ensuring that future generations will have a glimpse into the past.In conclusion, submitting articles for publication in your hometown newspaper can have numerous benefits for both you and your community. From gaining valuable writing experience to establishing connections with your community, contributing to your hometown newspaper is a valuable opportunity that should not be overlooked. So, next time you have a story to tell or an idea to share, consider submitting it to your hometown newspaper - you never know the impact your words may have.篇2College Student Newspaper Material Submission for Hometown PublicationAs members of the college community, we are constantly seeking opportunities to showcase our talents and skills. One such opportunity lies in the submission of articles to our hometown newspapers. By writing for our local publications, we can contribute to the discourse in our communities and gain valuable experience in journalism and writing.There are several benefits to submitting materials from our college student newspaper to our hometown publications. Firstly, it provides us with a platform to reach a wider audience. While our student newspaper may have a limited readership among our peers on campus, our hometown publications have the potential to reach a much larger population. By sharing our work with our community, we can engage with a diverse range of readers and have a greater impact on the public discourse.Secondly, submitting materials to our hometown publications enables us to showcase our talents and skills. Whether we are writing news articles, opinion pieces, or feature stories, our work reflects our commitment to journalism and our ability to communicate effectively. By sharing our articles with our hometown newspapers, we can build our portfolios and demonstrate our abilities to potential employers and graduate programs.Furthermore, by submitting materials to our hometown publications, we can contribute to the discourse in our communities. Our articles have the power to inform, educate, and inspire our readers, and by sharing our perspectives and insights, we can shape the public conversation on important issues. Whether we are writing about campus events, localpolitics, or social justice issues, our work has the potential to make a meaningful impact on our communities.In conclusion, submitting materials from our college student newspaper to our hometown publications is a valuable opportunity for us to showcase our talents, reach a wider audience, and contribute to the discourse in our communities. By sharing our work with our hometown newspapers, we can engage with a diverse range of readers, build our portfolios, and make a meaningful impact on the public conversation. Let us seize this opportunity to amplify our voices and share our stories with the world.篇3College students newspaper material submission for hometown publicationWith the rapid development of internet technology, more and more people are turning to online sources for news and information. However, there is still a place for traditional printed newspapers, especially in smaller towns and cities where internet access may be limited. In these areas, local newspapers play a crucial role in keeping residents informed about community events, local news, and other important information.As college students, we have the unique opportunity to contribute to our hometown newspapers by submitting articles, photos, and other materials for publication. Not only does this provide us with valuable experience in journalism and writing, but it also allows us to give back to our communities by sharing our knowledge and perspectives.One of the main benefits of submitting material to hometown newspapers is the opportunity to reach a wider audience. While our college newspapers may have a limited readership, hometown newspapers often have a much larger circulation and reach a broader cross-section of the population. By submitting our work to these newspapers, we can share our ideas and opinions with a larger audience and contribute to the public dialogue in our communities.In addition, contributing to hometown newspapers can help us build our professional portfolios and gain valuable experience in the field of journalism. Many of us may be considering careers in media, communications, or related fields, and having our work published in a reputable newspaper can be a valuable addition to our resumes. By honing our writing and reporting skills through this process, we can develop the expertise andconfidence needed to succeed in the competitive world of journalism.Furthermore, submitting material to hometown newspapers can help us stay connected to our roots and engage with local issues and events. As college students, it can be easy to become disconnected from our hometowns and the communities that shaped us. By contributing to hometown newspapers, we can stay informed about what is happening in our communities and use our voices to advocate for positive change.Finally, submitting material to hometown newspapers can be a rewarding experience that allows us to make a meaningful impact on the lives of others. Whether we are writing about local events, sharing our opinions on current issues, or highlighting the achievements of community members, our work can inspire, inform, and entertain readers in our hometowns. By using our talents and skills to contribute to hometown newspapers, we can make a difference in the lives of others and leave a lasting legacy in our communities.In conclusion, college students have a valuable opportunity to contribute to their hometown newspapers by submitting articles, photos, and other materials for publication. By reaching a wider audience, gaining professional experience, stayingconnected to our communities, and making a meaningful impact, we can use our voices to advocate for positive change and build stronger, more informed communities. As the next generation of journalists and communicators, let us seize this opportunity to share our stories and make a difference in the world.。
给报社投稿的英语作文格式
给报社投稿的英语作文格式Attention all aspiring journalists and wordsmiths! Ifyou're looking to make your mark on the world of print,you've come to the right place. Writing for a newspaper is an art form that combines the power of storytelling with the precision of journalism. Here's a guide to crafting an English essay that's fit for the pages of your favorite publication.Begin with a captivating lead that hooks your readers from the get-go. It could be a striking fact, a poignant quote, or an intriguing question. Remember, the first sentence is your chance to draw in the reader and set the tone for the rest of your piece.Next, structure your essay with a clear and logical flow. Start with an introduction that outlines the topic and provides necessary context. Use the body paragraphs to delve into the details, presenting your arguments, evidence, and analysis. Each paragraph should focus on a single idea, with a topic sentence followed by supporting details.When it comes to language, strive for clarity and concision. Avoid jargon and overly complex sentences. Your writing should be accessible to a broad audience, yet still convey the depth and nuance of your subject matter.Don't forget to cite your sources. Whether you'rereferencing a study, quoting an expert, or citing a previous article, proper attribution is crucial. It lends credibility to your work and allows readers to seek out more information if they wish.Finally, conclude with a strong ending that ties together your main points and leaves a lasting impression. Summarize your key arguments and offer a call to action, a thought-provoking question, or a compelling final statement.Before submitting your masterpiece, proofread meticulously. Errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation can detract from the quality of your writing and may lead to rejection.And there you have it—a blueprint for crafting an English essay that's worthy of the newspaper's pages. Remember, the key is to inform, engage, and inspire your readers. So, sharpen your pencils, fire up your imagination, and get ready to make your voice heard!。
给编辑部投稿英文作文
给编辑部投稿英文作文Reflections on the Dynamics of Human Connection: An Exploration of Isolation and Belonging.In the tapestry of human existence, the threads of connection form an intricate web that weaves through our lives. From the moment we emerge into this world, we are entwined in relationships that shape our identities, provide solace, and drive our aspirations. Yet, amidst the vibrant tapestry of human connection, there often lurk the shadows of isolation and a longing for belonging.Isolation, like a cold and unforgiving wind, can penetrate the deepest recesses of our being. It can shroud us in a cloak of loneliness, eroding our self-esteem and leaving us feeling lost and adrift. In the face of adversity, we may find ourselves isolated from others, our cries for help echoing unanswered in the vast void.The causes of isolation are as multifaceted as thehuman experience itself. It may stem from social anxiety, cultural barriers, or the complexities of modern life. The constant bombardment of digital stimuli can create an illusion of connection while paradoxically fostering a sense of alienation. Social media platforms, while offering unprecedented opportunities for communication, also have the potential to exacerbate feelings of isolation by promoting curated images of perfect lives that can leave us feeling inadequate and alone.The consequences of isolation can be profound. Studies have shown that prolonged isolation can lead to a host of negative health outcomes, including increased risk of cardiovascular disease, depression, and anxiety. It can also impair cognitive function, making it difficult to concentrate and engage with the world around us.However, isolation is not an inevitable fate. It is a condition that can be overcome through the transformative power of belonging. Belonging is the feeling of being connected to something larger than oneself, whether it be a family, a community, or a shared purpose. It provides uswith a sense of safety, purpose, and meaning.The pursuit of belonging is a lifelong journey that requires both inward reflection and outward action. It begins with understanding our own needs and values and recognizing that we are not alone in our aspirations. By reaching out to others, we open ourselves to thepossibility of forming genuine connections that can nourish our souls and enrich our lives.Community involvement is a powerful antidote to isolation. Volunteering, joining social groups, or engaging in civic activities allows us to connect with individuals who share our interests and values. Through these interactions, we can build a network of support that can sustain us through challenging times.The arts can also play a transformative role infostering belonging. Creative expression provides us with a common language through which we can share our experiences, emotions, and dreams. Whether it be through painting, music, dance, or writing, the arts have the ability to bridgedivides and create a sense of shared humanity.Furthermore, it is essential to cultivate a sense of self-compassion. We are all flawed and imperfect beings, and it is through our vulnerabilities that we connect with others. By embracing our imperfections and recognizing that we are all worthy of love and connection, we can build a stronger sense of belonging within ourselves.In conclusion, the dynamics of human connection are complex and ever-evolving. While isolation can cast a long shadow over our lives, the pursuit of belonging offers a beacon of hope. By understanding the causes and consequences of isolation and actively seeking out connections, we can break down the barriers that separate us and create a more inclusive and fulfilling society. Remember, true belonging is not a destination but an ongoing journey that requires our constant attention and effort. By embracing the transformative power of human connection, we can unlock the fullness of our potential and live lives that are rich in purpose, meaning, and joy.。
英语投稿的格式及范文
英语投稿的格式及范文Title: Submitting an English Article for Publication.Submitting an English article for publication can be a daunting task, but with the right format and approach, it can be a rewarding experience. Here is a guide to help you format your English article for submission, along with a sample article to demonstrate the format.Formatting Guidelines:1. Font and Font Size: Use a clear and readable font such as Arial or Times New Roman, and ensure the font size is 12 points.2. Heading: Include a heading that briefly summarizes the content of your article. The heading should be centered and bold.3. Paragraphs: Organize your article into well-structured paragraphs. Each paragraph should have a clear topic sentence and should be indented.4. Line Spacing: Use double spacing between lines to make the article easier to read.5. References: Include a list of references at the end of your article, formatted according to the requirements of the journal or publisher.Sample Article:The Importance of Environmental Protection.With the increasing pace of industrialization and urbanization, environmental protection has become a crucial issue. The need to protect our planet and ensure sustainable development has gained widespread attention. This article explores the importance of environmental protection and discusses some effective measures that can be taken.Firstly, environmental protection is crucial for maintaining a healthy ecosystem. Our planet supports a diverse range of species, and it is our responsibility to ensure their survival. By protecting our environment, we can maintain a balance in the ecosystem and prevent the extinction of species.Secondly, environmental protection is essential for sustainable development. Development cannot be achieved at the cost of our environment. We need to ensure that our economic activities do not harm the environment and that we are able to meet the needs of future generations.To achieve environmental protection, several effective measures can be taken. Firstly, we need to promote awareness among people about the importance of protecting the environment. Education and宣传 campaigns can helpraise awareness and encourage people to adopt eco-friendly practices.Secondly, governments should implement strict environmental regulations to control pollution and protectnatural resources. They should also encourage renewable energy sources and promote sustainable practices in industries.In conclusion, environmental protection is crucial for maintaining a healthy ecosystem and achieving sustainable development. It is our responsibility to protect our planet and ensure a better future for ourselves and future generations. By taking effective measures, we cancontribute to environmental protection and create a sustainable world.Remember to adapt this sample article to your specific topic and research, following the formatting guidelines provided. Always read the submission requirements of the journal or publisher before submitting your article to ensure compliance with their standards.。
投稿要求英文作文
投稿要求英文作文Submission RequirementsSubmitting a piece of writing for publication can be an exciting and nerve-wracking process. Whether you are submitting a poem, short story, article, or essay, there are certain guidelines and requirements that you must follow in order to increase your chances of acceptance. In this guide, we will outline some general submission requirements that are common across many publications.1. Follow the Submission GuidelinesBefore you submit your work, it is crucial that you carefully read and follow the submission guidelines provided by the publication. These guidelines typically include information on formatting, word count, preferred genres, and any specific themes or topics the publication is looking for. Failing to adhere to these guidelines can result in your submission being rejected without consideration.2. Proofread and Edit Your WorkBefore submitting your piece, make sure to thoroughly proofread and edit it for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. It is also a good idea to have someone else read yourwork to provide feedback and catch any errors that you may have missed. Presenting a polished and error-free piece of writing will demonstrate your professionalism and dedication to your craft.3. Include a Cover LetterMany publications require a cover letter to accompany your submission. In your cover letter, be sure to introduce yourself, provide a brief overview of your work, and explain why you believe your piece is a good fit for the publication. Remember to address the editor by name and follow any specific instructions provided in the submission guidelines.4. Submit Your Work ElectronicallyIn today's digital age, most publications prefer to receive submissions electronically. Be sure to submit your work in the preferred file format specified in the submission guidelines, and include your contact information in the header or footer of your document. Do not forget to include a title and word count for your piece.5. Be PatientAfter submitting your work, it is important to be patient and wait for a response. The review process can take time, and it isnormal for publications to receive a large volume of submissions. While waiting, you can continue to work on your writing and consider submitting to other publications to increase your chances of acceptance.In conclusion, submitting your work for publication can be a rewarding experience, but it requires careful attention to detail and adherence to the submission requirements outlined by the publication. By following these guidelines, you can increase your chances of acceptance and take the first step towards sharing your writing with a wider audience. Good luck!。
WRITING PAPERS FOR PUBLICTION
WRITING PAPERS FOR PUBLICATION
by Prof. T.A. Dean
t.a.dean@
The University of Birmingham UK
WRITING PAPERS FOR PUBLICATION
TYPES OF PAPER
LEARNED (ARCHIVED) JOURNAL
Research papers Review papers
CONFERENCE TECHNICAL ARTICLE
AN EXAMPLE OF A LEARNED JOURNAL
REQUIREMENTS OF A RESEARCH PAPER FOR A LEARNED INTERNATIONAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
12.‘Experimentation’
When describing actions: the ‘past tense’ or the ‘present tense’ may be used
For example: Compression of the powder was (past tense) achieved using a hydraulic press which has (present tense) a capacity of 1000 tonne.
All figures and all tables must have a title. This should be brief and should accurately describe, in general terms, the information contained in the figure/table.
关于投稿类的英语作文模板
关于投稿类的英语作文模板Title: Writing a Submission: Tips and Guidelines。
Submitting your work for publication in magazines, newspapers, or online platforms can be a daunting task, especially for aspiring writers and journalists. However, with the right approach and understanding of the submission process, it can become a rewarding experience. In this article, we will discuss some tips and guidelines for writing a submission, whether it's a short story, article, or opinion piece.1. Research the Publication。
Before you start writing your submission, it's crucial to research the publication you are targeting. Understand their audience, tone, and style. Read previous issues or articles to get a sense of what kind of content they publish. This will help you tailor your submission to fit their requirements and increase your chances of acceptance.2. Follow Submission Guidelines。
英语给出版社写一封信格式
英语给出版社写一封信格式Dear Sir or Madam,As I am planning to take the National Entrance Test of for MA\/MS Candidates(NETEM),I have decided to place an order of some NETEM books with due consideration of the good reputation of your bookstore and the high quality of your books.Firstly,please give me particular accounts as regards names,authors,publishing houses and prices of these books.Secondly,I also need to know the terms of payment and after-sell service.Thirdly,I wonder if it is convenient for you to deliver these books by EMS to the headquarters of Peking University by September 1,2008.I would like to express my gratitude for your kind consideration of my requests.I look forward to hearing from you soon.Yours sincerely,Li Ming尊敬的先生或女士：由于我计划参加全国硕士研究生入学考试英语考试，充分考虑到贵书店的良好声誉和书籍的优良品质，我决定订购一些考研英语书籍。
首先，请给我关于这些书的书名、作者、出版社、价格的详细信息。
英语公开信格式范文
英语公开信格式英语公开信格式范文公开信是将内容公布于众的信件。
公开信可以笔写，也可以印刷、张贴、刊登和广播。
以下是小编精心整理的英语公开信格式范文，希望能够帮助到大家。
英语公开信格式篇1Dear Mr. John,How are things going with you in Beijing?I am writing to show my thanks to you. You tutored me in my spoken English before you went to Beijing. With your help I made such rapid progress that I won the first place in the Spoken English Competition of the city. My achievement is owed to your help. Thank you very much.I have heard that you and your wife will pay a visit to my school. I am very glad at the news. In that case we can see each other again. I am looking forward to your coming. I am sending you a telescope as a small gift. I hope you will like it.All the best.Yours,Liu Jie英语公开信格式篇2Dear Peter,I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.Here are a few suggestions. First, it is important to take a Chinese course, as you’ll be able to learn from the teacher and practice with your fellow students. Then, you should watch TV and read books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever possible.Besides, it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs, because by doing so you’ll learn and remember Chinese words more easily. You can also make more Chinese friends. They will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.Try and write me in Chinese next time.Best wishesLi Hua英语公开信格式篇3Dear Editor,I‘m writing to tell you about the discussion on whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks.Opinions vary from person to person on this issue. 60% of the students oppose the idea of entrance fees. They believe everyone can go to parks for rest and fun because parks are public places. But an entrance fee may keep some people/tway from the park. Besides, in order to charge entrance fees,it is necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appearance of a city.40% of the students approve of the idea of entrance fees, because money is needed to pay the gardeners and to buy new plants and flowers.But fees should be charged reasonably.Yours，Truly。
英语作文给报社投稿信格式
英语作文给报社投稿信格式Dear Editor,。
I am writing to you to submit an article for publication in your esteemed newspaper. The topic of the article is the importance of mental health awareness in today's society.In recent years, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of mental health and well-being. With the increasing stress and pressures of modern life, more and more people are experiencing mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and burnout. It is crucial that we as a society take steps to address these issues and provide support for those who are struggling.One of the key reasons why mental health awareness is so important is because it affects so many people. According to the World Health Organization, one in four people will experience a mental health issue at some pointin their lives. This means that mental health is a universal issue that can impact anyone, regardless of age, gender, or background.Furthermore, mental health issues can have asignificant impact on a person's overall well-being and quality of life. When left untreated, mental health issues can lead to a range of negative outcomes, including poor physical health, relationship problems, and even suicide. By raising awareness about mental health and encouraging people to seek help when needed, we can help to prevent these negative outcomes and improve the overall well-being of our society.In addition, mental health awareness is important because it helps to reduce the stigma surrounding mental illness. Many people who are struggling with mental health issues may feel ashamed or embarrassed to seek help, due to the stigma associated with mental illness. By raising awareness and promoting open and honest conversations about mental health, we can help to break down these barriers and create a more supportive and understanding society.Overall, mental health awareness is a crucial issuethat deserves more attention and focus in today's society. By raising awareness, reducing stigma, and providing support for those who are struggling, we can help to improve the mental health and well-being of our society as a whole.Thank you for considering my article for publication. I believe that raising awareness about mental health is an important issue that deserves more attention in the media.Sincerely,。
写信约稿英文作文
写信约稿英文作文Dear Editor,。
I am writing to express my interest in contributing to your publication. I am a bilingual writer and would like to write an article in both English and Chinese.英文，Firstly, I would like to share my passion for writing. Writing has always been a way for me to express my thoughts and emotions. I have been writing since I was young, and it has become a part of my identity. I believe that writing is a powerful tool that can inspire, educate, and entertain readers. As a bilingual writer, I am able to reach a wider audience and share my ideas with people from different cultures and backgrounds.中文，首先，我想分享我的写作热情。
写作一直是我表达思想和情感的方式。
我从小就开始写作，它已经成为了我的一部分。
我相信写作是一种强大的工具，可以启发、教育和娱乐读者。
作为一名双语作家，我能够触达更广泛的读者群体，与来自不同文化和背景的人分享我的想法。
英文，In terms of topics, I am interested in writing about culture, travel, and food. These are all areas that I am passionate about and have personal experience with. For example, I could write about my experiences traveling to different countries and how it has broadened my perspective on the world. I could also write about the unique cuisines and food cultures that I have encountered in my travels.中文，在话题方面，我对文化、旅游和美食感兴趣。
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Structuring
Subheadings are essential For RCTs, use CONSORT For MA of RCTs, QUOROM For MA of observational studies, MOOSE
Macro-editing
Highlight the key sentence in each paragraph
What we’ll talk about
Writing an academic paper 10 ways to be rejected Magazines and books are a bit different
Any ideas?
Experience Everyday working Problems Costly activities
Reasons for rejection
The commonest reason editors give… …is that the subject matter wasn’t suitable for their journal
So find the right journal
Get to know the journals in your area What are their interests? What are their styles?
So find the right journal
Where were other papers on this topic published?
Journalology
Refereed or not? Listed in bibliographic databases? Impact factor?
Results
Follow the order of the methods Who? When? What?
Discussion
Summarise the findings Draw out the lessons Acknowledge the limitations What should happen now?
3: Try to include at least 10 key messages and some extra data from other studies
4: See if you can improve on the journal’s standard headings
5: Don’t bother with any statistical advice, since nobody understands it
Usually on the web
But you need to see a copy
Headings, weighting, referencing, interests
Develop your outline
Introduction Methods Results Discussion
Introduction
9: Use different terms for the same thing interchangeably
10: For a more personal touch, send a handwritten manuscript
Good luck!
Referees’ comments
Don’t be defensive You don’t have to do everything they suggest But you do have to address each point
Don’t!
10 ways to get your paper rejected
No ideas Ideas but no writing Writing but nothing sent off Writing sent off but not accepted
The other problem
Time Writing is a lot of work Even academics don’t have time
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
BMJ’s suggested structure
Statement of principal findings Strengths and weaknesses of the study Strengths and weaknesses in relation to other studies, discussing particularly any differences in results Meaning of the study: possible mechanisms and implications for clinicians or policymakers Unanswered questions and future research
6: Don’t worry too much about spelling or grammar
7: Ignore the journal’s own referencing style
8: Add a few new results in the abstract which you didn’t have space for in the main text
More ideas
Questions from clinicians …especially those you can’t answer Things that go wrong Things you disagree with
You already have something
But is it publishable?
Writing for Publication
James Munro University of Sheffield
Why write?
Fame and fortune Bolster the CV Pressure from above … dissemination
So what’s the problem?
1: Choose a journal which has never shown an interest in this subject
2: Write well over the specified word length to show the importance of the topic
Results
…and she ran home.
Conclusions
…never go into the woods alone.
Don’t start writing yet!
Who is the story for?
Who’d like to know? Who needs to know?
When your paper is rejected
Don’t be discouraged!
When your paper is rejected
Try to find out why Does it need revising? Send it off to another journal… … after checking for style
Write for a journal
Select one of the journals which might be interested in your story Write for that journal
Writing for that journal
Instructions for authors
What’s the context? What’s the story?
The context
Everybody needs a context
Context for a research paper
What’s already known? What’s unknown? What’s controversial?
What is the issue? What is already known about it? Set up a question in the reader’s mind Explain why your study is needed
Methods
What did you do? How did you do it? Have a logical order Don’t report results here by mistake!
BMJ approach
What is already known on this topic? What does this study add?
Outline your story: 1
Context
Once upon a time…
Methods
…there were 3 bears…
Outline your story: 2
Is it interesting? Could it affect practice or policy? Is it generalisable?
Almost everything is publishable
somewhere
Don’t start writing yet!
Don’t write yet!
The need to know
Providing a context and a question creates the reader’s “need to know”
What’s the story?