3 Mark Twain

Mark Twain(英文简介)

Mark TwainMark Twain (1835 – 19l0) is a great literary giant of America, whom H. L. Mencken considered “the true father of our national literature.” With works like Adventure of Huckleberry Finn (1884) and Life on the Mississippi (1883) Twain shaped the world’s view of America and made a more extensive combination of American folk humor and serious literature than previous writers had ever done.1. Brief Introduction to the AuthorMark Twain, Pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, was born on November 30, 1835, in Missouri, and grew up in the river town of Hannibal. After his father died, he began to seek his own fortune .He once worked as a journeyman printer, a steamboat pilot, a newspaper colunist and as a deadpan lecturer. Twain’s writing took the form of humorous journalism of the time, and it ennabled him to master the technique of narration.Twain grew up in Hannibal, Missouri, which provided the setting for Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer. After an apprenticeship with a printer, he worked as a typesetter and contributed articles to his older brother Orion’s newspaper. He later became a riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River before heading west to join Orion in Nevada. He referred humorously to his singular lack of success at mining, turning to journalism for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise. In 1865, his humorous story, “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County” was published, based on a story he heard at Angels Hotel in Angels Camp California where he had spent some time as a miner. The short story brought international attention, even being translated to classic Greek. His wit and satire, in prose and in speech, earned praise from critics and peers, and he was a friend to presidents, artists, industrialists, and European royalty.Though Twain earned a great deal of money from his writings and lectures, he invested in ventures that lost a great deal of money, notably the Paige Compositor, which failed because of its complexity and imprecision. In the wake of these financial setbacks he filed for protection from his creditors via a bankruptcy filing, and with the help of Henry Huttleston Rogers eventually overcame his financial troubles. Twain chose to pay all his pre-bankruptcy creditors in full, though he had no responsibility to do this under the law.Twain was born shortly after a visit by Halley’s Comet, and he predicted that he would “go out with it,” too. He died the day following the comet’s subsequent return. He was lauded as the “greatest American humorist of his age,” and William Faulkner called Twain “the father of American literature.”2. Mark Twain’s major worksIn l865, he pub1ished his frontier tale “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,” which brought him recognition from a wider public. But his full literary career began to blossom in 1869 with a travel book Innocents Abroad, an account of American tourists in Europe which pokes fun at the pretentious, decadent and undemocratic Old World in a satirical tone. Mark Twain’s best works were produced when he was in the prime of his life. All these masterworks drew upon the scenes and emotions of his boyhood and youth. The first among these books is Roughing It (1872), in which Twain describes a journey that works its way farther west. Life on the Mississippi tells a story of his boyhood ambition to become a riverboat pilot. Two of the best books during this period are The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and Adventures ofHuckleberry Finn. The former is usually regarded as a classic book written for boys about their particular horrors and joys, while the latter, being a boy’s book specially written for the adults, is Twain’s most representative work, describing a journey down the Mississippi undertaken by two fugitives, Huck and Jim. Their episodic set of encounters presents a sample of the social world from the bank of the river that runs through the heart of the country.His social satire is The Gilded Age, written in collaboration with Charles Dudley Warner. The novel explored the scrupulous individualism in a world of fantastic speculation and unstable values, and gave its name to the get-rich-quick years of the post-Civil War era. Twain’s dark view of the society became more self-evident in the works published later in his life. In A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court (1889), a parable of colonialization. A similar mood of despair permeates The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson (1894), which shows the disastrous effects of slavery on the victimizer and the victim alike and reveals to us a Mark Twain whose conscience as a white Southerner was tormented by fear and remorse. By the turn of the century, with the publication of The Man that Corrupted Hadleyburg (l900) and The Mysterious Stranger (1916), the change in Mark Twain from an optimist to an almost despairing pessimist could be felt and his cynicism and disillusionment with what Twain referred to regularly as the “damned human race” became obvious.3. The Characteristics of Mark Twain’s Writing Style1) Twain as a local coloristTwain is also known as a local colorist, who preferred to present social life through portraits of the local characters of his regions, including people living in that area, the landscape, and other peculiarities like the customs, dialects, costumes and so on. Consequently, the rich material of his boyhood experience on the Mississippi became the endless resources for his fiction, and the Mississippi valley and the West became his major theme. Unlike James and Howe1ls, Mark Twain wrote about the lower-class people, because they were the people he knew so we1l ancl their 1ife was the one he himself had lived. Moreover he successfully used local color and historical settings to i1lustrate and shed light on the contemporary society.2) His use of vernacularAnother fact that made Twain unique is his magic power with language, his use of vernacular. His words are col1oquial, concrete and direct in effect, and his sentence structures are simp1e, even ungrammatical, which is typical of the spoken 1anguage. And Twain skillfully used the colloquialism to cast his protagonists in their everyday life. What’s more, his characters, confined to a particular region and to a particular historical moment, speak with a strong accent, which is true of his 1ocal colorism. Besides, different characters from different literary or cultural backgrounds talk differently, as is the case with Huck, Tom, and Jim. Indeed, with his great mastery and effective use of vernacular, Twain has made colloquial speech an accepted, respectable 1iterary medium in the literary history of the country. His style of language was later taken up by his descendants, Sherwood Anderson and Ernest Hemingway, and influenced generations of letters.3) His humorMark Twain’s humor is remarkable, too. It is fun to read Twain to begin with, for most of his works tend to be funny, containing some practical jokes, comic details, witty remarks, etc., and some of them are actually tall ta1es. By considering his experience as a newspaperman, MarkTwain shared the popu1ar image of the American funny man whose punning, facetious, irreverenl articles filled the newspapers, and a great deal of his humor is characterized by puns, straight-faced exaggeration, repetition, and anti-climax, let alone tricks of travesty and invective. However, his humor is not only of witty remarks mocking at small things or of farcical elements making people laugh, but a kind of artistic style used to criticize the social injustice and satirize the decayed romanticism.4. Huckleberry Finn1) What is the book about?Huckleberry Finn, by general agreement, is Twain’s finest book and an outstanding American novel. Its narrator is Huck, a youngster whose carelessly recorded vernacular speech is admirably adapted to detailed and poetic description of scenes, vivid representations of characters, and narrative renditions that are both broadly comic and subtly ironic.Huck, son of the village drunkard, is uneducated, superstitious, and sometimes credulous; but he also has a native shrewdness, a cheerfulness that is hard to put down, compassionate tolerance, and an instinctive tendency to reach the right decisions about important matters. He runs away from his persecuting father and, with his companion, the runaway slave Jim, makes a long and frequently interrupted voyage floating down the Mississippi River on a raft. During the journey Huck meets and comes to know members of greatly varied groups, so that the book memorably portrays almost every class living on or along the river. Huck overcomes his initial prejudices and learns to respect and love Jim.The book’s pages are dotted with idyllic descriptions of the great river and the surrounding forests, and Huck’s exuberance and unconscious humor permeate the whole. But a thread that runs through adventure after adventure is the theme of man’s inhumanity to man–-of human cruelty. Children miss this theme, but adults who read the book with care cannot fail to be impressed by an attitude that was to become a reiterated theme of the author during his later years.2) The significance of the novelThe book marks the climax of Twain’s literary creativity. Hemingway once described the novel the one book from which “all modern American literature comes.” The book is significant in many ways. First of all, the novel is written in a language that is totally different from the rhetorical language used by Emerson, Poe, and Melville. It is not grand, pompous, but simple, direct, lucid, and faithful to the colloquial speech. This unpretentious style of colloquialism is best described as “vernacular”. Speaking in vernacular, a wild and uneducated Huck, running away from civilization for his freedom, is vividly brought to life. Secondly, the great strength of the book also comes from the shape given to it by the course of the raft’s journey down the Mississippi as Huck and Jim seek their different kinds of freedom. Twain, who knew the river intimately, uses it here both realistically and symbolically. Thirdly, the profound portrait of Huckleberry Finn is another great contribution of the book to the legacy of American literature. The novel begins with a description of how Widow Douglas attempts to civilize Huck and ends with him deciding not to let it happen again at the hands of Aunt Sally. The climax arises with Huck’s inner struggle on the Mississippi, when Huck is polarized by the two opposing forces between his heart and his head, between his affection for Jim and the laws of the society against those who help slaves escape.Huck’s final decision – to fo1low his own good – hearted moral impulse rather than conventional village morality – amounts to a vindication of what Mark Twain called” the damned human race,” damned for its comfortable hypocrisies, its thoroughgoing dishonesties, and its pervasive cruelties. With the eventual victory of his moral conscience over his social awareness, Huck grows.5. Selected ReadingAn Excerpt from Chapter 3l of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1) The storyThis novel begins with Huck under the motherly protection of the Widow Douglas and her sister, Miss Watson. When his father comes to demand the boy’s fortune, Huck pretends that he has transferred the money to Judge Thather, so his father catches him and puts him into a lonely cabin. One night, after his father is drunken, Huck escapes to Jackson’s island and meets Miss Watson’s runaway slave, Jim. They start down the river on a raft. After several adventures, the raft is hit by a steamboat and the two are separated. Huck swims ashore and is saved by the Grangerford family, whose feud with the Sheperdsons causes bloodshed. Later, Huck discovers Jim and they set down again, giving refuge to a gang of frauds: the “Duke” and “King,” whose dramatic performances culminate in the fraudulent exhibition of the “Royal Nonesuch.” Huck also witnesses the lynching and murder of a harmless drunkard by an Arkansas aristocrat on the shore. When he finds that some rogues intend to claim legacies as Peter Wilks’s brother, Huck interferes on behalf of the three daughters, and the scheme is failed by the arrival of the real brothers. Then he discovers that the “King” has sold Jim to Mrs. Phelps, Tom Sawyer’s Aunt Sally. At the Phelps farm, Huck and Tom try to rescue Jim. In the rescue, Tom is accidentally shot and Jim is recaptured. Later, Tom reveals that the rescue is necessary only because he “wanted the adventures of it.” It is also disclosed at the end of the novel that Huck’s father has died, so Huck’s fortune is safe.2) The novel’s theme, characterization of “Huck” and the novel’s social significanceTheme: The novel is a vindication of what Mark Twain called “the damned human race.” That is the theme of man’s inhumanity to man–-of human cruelty, hypocrisies, dishonesties, and moral corruptions. Mark Twain’s thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization.Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is best known for Mark Twain’s wonderful characterization of “Huck,” a typical American boy whom its creator described as a boy with “a sound heart and a deformed conscience,” and remarkable for the raft’s journey down the Mississippi river, which Twain used both realistically and symbolically to shape his book into an organic whole. Through the eyes of Huck, the innocent and reluctant rebel, we see the pre-Civil War American society fully exposed and at the same time we are deeply impressed by Mark Twain’s thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization.3) The selected chapterHuck and Jim are with the frauds. They decide to leave them in their raft when Huck learns that Jim is sold by the “King” to Mrs. Phelps. There is a very important description here of Huck’s inner conflict about whether or not he should write a letter to tell Miss Watsom where Jim is. Huck’s internal conflict between his sound heart and deformed conscience is obvious: On one hand, he feels that he ought to help return Jim to his owner, Miss Watson. On the other hand, his friendship for Jim makes such a course of action difficult for him. Huck instinctively knows theright thing to do. But his conscience dictates the conventional morality of the South. The whole episode is a subtle yet powerful condemnation of the society that makes Huck feel that he will go to hell for doing what his very instinct knows to be the right thing to do. Huck’s moral dilemma is brought about by a corrupt society that has institutionalized slavery.。

MarkTwain马克吐温简介和作品赏析

satirist, and entertainer in American history and illustrates some of Mark
T2w02a1i/n3’/s7 quotations about every aspeCcHtEoNfLIour lives.
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As a young man Twain worked as a riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River. When he started his writing career, Samuel Clemens adopted the name “Mark Twain,” which meant two fathoms, a safe depth for a riverboat.
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In 1861, Samuel Clemens avoided the brewing Civil War by going west. He took his first writing job as reporter at the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise.
In 1872, he patented his “self-pasting” scrapbook, and by 1901, at least 57 different types of his albums were available. It would be his only invention that ever made money.”
Serious news was often mixed with “reports” that had to be taken with a grain of salt（有保留的）. Soon, he began using the name Mark Twain and affixing it to sketches, reportage, and an occasional hoax. It was a time when he first discovered his talent, his calling（职业）, and his voice.

mark twain 生平简介英文

mark twain 生平简介英文马克;吐温，美国作家、演说家，美国批判现实主义文学的奠基人，下面是给大家整理的mark twain 生平简介英文，供大家参阅!mark twain 简介Mark Twain, American writer, orator, the real name is Samuel Langhorne Clemens. "Mark Twain" is his pen name, which was originally used by the Mississippi sailors to indicate the depth of water measured on the fairway. Representative works are novels "million pounds", "Huckleberry Fein adventure", "Tom Sawyer Adventures" and so on.Mark Twain at the age of 12, his father died, he had to stop, to the factory as a small worker Later he changed a lot of occupation, had done the Mississippi River navigator, miners and journalists work. Gradually began to write some interesting pieces, began his own writing career. He died on April 21, 1910, and was buried in Emma, New York.Mark Twain wrote a large number of works, themes related to novels, scripts, prose, poetry and other aspects. From the content, his works criticize the irrational phenomenon or the ugliness of human nature, expressed theright of the workers and sailors who have a strong sense of justice and the concern of ordinary people; from the style that the experts And the average reader thinks that humor and satire are his writing features. He experienced the United States from the initial capitalist to the development of imperialism, its ideas and creation also showed from the joking to the spicy satire and then pessimistic stage of development, early to spicy irony, to the late language is more exposed TheMark Twain is the founder of American critique of realism literature, and his main works have mostly Chinese translations. In 2006, Mark Twain was rated by the authoritative journal of the United States, "Atlantic Monthly" as the impact of the United States 100 characters 16mark twain 人物经历November 30, 1835, Mark Twain was born in the United States, Missouri, Florida, rural poor lawyers family. He is the sixth of seven children in the family. His father is a local lawyer, income is meager, family constraints. Mark Twain had to work while attending school. He died at the age of eleven years, and from then on he began an independent labor life, first in the printing plant as an apprentice, served asdispatchers and typists, and later on the Mississippi River as a sailor and helmsman.In the autumn of 1839, Mark Twain moved to a port of the Mississippi River in Hannibal, Missouri, which became his later book "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" and "The Curse of Juveniles" St. Petersburg city inspired. At that time, Missouri was the federal slave state, and the young Twain began to understand slavery, which became the subject of his later adventures. Mark Twain is a color blind, which aroused his humorous jokes in social circles.March 24, 1847 Mark Twain's father John Clemens died of pneumonia. In 1847, the family of the young Mark Twain began to do the printing apprentice, newsboy, typist workers, sailors, gold rush workers, journalists and so on.In 1851, Mark Twain became a typist worker, and also contributed, and began to his brother Oliver founded the "Hannibal magazine" (Hannibal Journal) to write a draft.May 1, 1852 in Boston's humorous weekly "handbag" published his debut "the colonists surprised the playboy."In 1858, Mark Twain returned to Missouri. In the nextMississippi River to New Orleans on the road, the ship's navigator "Bisi than" to Twain life as a ship navigator.In 1861 Oulai Si was sent by President Lincoln to the Western Nevada government as secretary, he went with, trying to operate in the wood industry and mining wealth, are unsuccessful, then turn to write articles for a living. 1862 worked in a newspaper in the city of Virginia in Nevada.In 1863, began using the "Mark Twain" pen name.In 1864, in San Francisco met humor writer Ah Ward and novelist Bu Hart, get their encouragement and help, improve the writing skills.1865 in a New York magazine published a humorous story "Caravelas County famous jump frog", so that he is famous throughout the country. Afterwards often write humorous articles for the press.1866 to Hawaii Island interview.In 1867, a local newspaper provided a boat trip to the Mediterranean region. During his journey to Europe and the Middle East, he wrote a series of famous travel letters "fool travels" that were collected in 1869. In themeantime, he met Charles Langdon and saw the picture of Langdon sister Olivia Langdon, and Twain loved her at first sight.In 1870 Mark Twain married New York a daughter of the capitalist, Olivia Langdon. Married living in Buffalo, their own editor issued "Express", a year after the loss of money due to excessive transfer.Published in 1872 "hard years" a book, reflecting his new development in the western region of the life experience, which recorded some anecdotes, especially the rich characteristics of the western United States humorous story.In 1873 he and Charles Werner co-wrote the "gold-plated era", is his first novel.In 1871 Mark Twain moved his family to Hartford, Connecticut, where he became a famous writer and a humorous speaker. After a few years is his harvest of the harvest era.In 1875 Mark Twain wrote about William Dean Howells, author of the Atlantic Monthly. He wrote seven articles in the early years on the Mississippi River as the subject of the helmsman, and wrote a book, "The Past of theMississippi River." Eight years later, he returned to his hometown, expanding the book into the "Mississippi River" (1883).In 1876, the novel "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" was published. Although it is a small town on the Mississippi River as a background of the juvenile reading, but for any age readers love. The book of naughty Tom and his partner Huckleberry Finn and Tom's girlfriend Baker's Thatcher's many stories, many of the author's personal experience, there are many children's psychological interesting plot.In 1876 Mark Twain's other important novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, began writing in 1884. This novel has been highly praised by critics, by domestic and foreign readersOf the welcome, but also continue to be banned.In 1889 Mark Twain published the "Connecticut American Americans" on the "King Arthur's court," and the "prince and the poor" (1881) were satirical feudal and religious novels based on the British as the background.In 1894, Mark Twain wrote "The Fool Wilson",which shaped the image of a struggling female niggarox. Before and after this family, his family was unfortunate: two daughters died of illness, his wife's health also deteriorated; he invested in the manufacture of automatic typewriter failure and bankruptcy. In order to pay off his debts, he traveled to Hawaii, New Zealand, Australia, India and South America.1896 published "Joan of Arc", it describes the 15th century French national hero hero Joan of Arc's life.1897 was written as "equatorial travel", which satirizes and condemns the imperialist oppression of the colonial people, against imperialism as the central idea of his subsequent creation.In 1898 Mark Twain paid off all the debts.In October 1900, after nearly ten years of leaving the United States living in Europe, he and his family returned to the United States, warmly welcomed and became the leader of the literary and art circles.After 1900, many of the works published, the edge has not yet cut.In 1904, his wife died in Italy. Mark Twain entered the final stage of the career. His early works such as "TheAdventures of Huckleberry Finn" have already expressed pessimism about "mankind" (indeed for the proletariat), and at this time became the subject of some of his works. (1906), the story of "mysterious visitor" (1916) and so on are reflected in the novella "Destroyed Hadley Fort" (1900), prose "how is it?" The most important work of his later years is his dictation, by his secretary transcribed "autobiography".April 21, 1910 Mark Twainin died of narrow heart disease.mark twain 生平简介英文。

MarkTwain英文简介生平介绍作品简介

Early life experience
◆ Born in a little town in Mississippi ◆ At 11, he lost his father ◆ At 13, he stopped schooling ◆ Tramp printer ◆ Steamboat pilot on the Mississippi ◆ Confederate guerrilla ◆ Prospector ◆ Reporter on the far western frontier ◆ Traveler abroad
Mark Twain (1835 -1910)
◆ Mark Twain was a great American writer, and he was also a famous speaker.
◆ Samuel Langhorne Clemens (Mark Twain) was born in Florida and he was not a healthy baby. In fact, he was not expected to live through the first winter. But with his mother's tender care, he managed to survive. As a boy, he caused much trouble for his parents. He used to play jokes on all of his friends and neighbors. He didn't like to go to school, and he constantly ran away from home.

马克吐温中英文介绍

He often described persons who was innocent, simple, naive, and ignorant as his heroes or heroines.
He used the artistic style of hyperbole on the basis of the western traditional humor and made his writing full of allegories that lay behind the humor.
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马克· 吐温 MARK TWAIN
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马克·吐温（Mark Twain,1835年11月30日－ 1910年4月21日）,原名萨缪尔·兰亨·克莱门（Samuel Langhorne Clemens) 是美国的幽默大师、小说家、作家，也是著名演说家，19 世纪后期美国现实主义文学的杰出代表。 2006年，沃伦被美国的权威期刊《大西洋月刊》评为影响美国的100位人物之一（名列第 16位）。
His last works shows his acute pessimism, despair, skepticism determinism.
Simple and plain diction, precise, direct.
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Works
Twain’s greatest fame and his importance in American literature rest largely on his two best known novels,
爱他，赋予其智慧，并于其心灵里
绘画出一道爱与信仰的彩虹。”威
廉·福克纳称他为“第一位真正的美

高级英语mark twain课文结构

高级英语mark twain课文结构
Mark Twain是美国文学史上的重要作家，他的作品以幽默讽刺和对社会现象的批判而闻名。

一般来说，一篇关于Mark Twain的高级英语课文可能会包括以下结构：
1.引言：介绍Mark Twain的背景和时代背景，概括他的重要作品和文学贡献。

2.主体段落：主体段落可以根据课文的主题和重点来组织。

比如，可以按照其代表作品、文学风格、对社会的影响等方面展开讨论。

3.具体作品分析：选取Mark Twain的一部作品进行深入分析，可以从文学风格、人物塑造、题材、社会批判等方面展开讨论。

4.对比与评价：可以将Mark Twain的作品与其他作家或文学流派进行对比，展示他的独特之处，并进行一定的评价。

5.结论：总结文章的主要内容，强调Mark Twain对美国文学和世界文学的重要性，对读者留下深刻印象。

以上是一般性的高级英语课文结构，当然具体结构可能会根据教师的要求和课文内容的复杂程度而有所不同。

Mark twain

Mark twain
• 代表作：代表作： • 《百万英镑》百万英镑》 • 《汤姆索亚历险记》汤姆索亚历险记》 • 写作风格 • 融幽默与讽刺一体，既富于独特的个融幽默与讽刺一体，
人机智与妙语，又不乏深刻的社会洞察与人机智与妙语，剖析，既是幽默辛辣的小说杰作，又是悲剖析，既是幽默辛辣的小说杰作，天悯人的严肃!
生平简介
• 马克吐温（Mark 马克·吐温（吐温 Twain,1835年11月30日年月日－1910年4月21日）年月日 • 原名萨缪尔兰亨克莱门原名萨缪尔.兰亨兰亨.克莱门（Samuel Langhorne Clemens) (射手座）射手座）射手座 • 美国的幽默大师、小说家、美国的幽默大师、小说家、作家，也是著名演说家，作家，也是著名演说家， 19世纪后期美国现实主义世纪后期美国现实主义文学的杰出代表。文学的杰出代表。
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混蛋马克·吐温有一次因为看不惯国会议员在国会通过某个法马克吐温有一次因为看不惯国会议员在国会通过某个法案，因此在报纸上刊登了一个广告，上面写着：“国会议因此在报纸上刊登了一个广告，上面写着：员有一半是混蛋。报纸一卖出，许多抗议电话随之而来，员有一半是混蛋。”报纸一卖出，许多抗议电话随之而来，这些国会议员可不认为自己是混蛋，这些国会议员可不认为自己是混蛋，纷纷要求马克吐温更马克吐温于是又刊登了一个更正：我错了，正。马克吐温于是又刊登了一个更正：“我错了，国会议有一半不是混蛋。意思则与原来相同。）员，有一半不是混蛋。”（意思则与原来相同。） • 哈雷彗星马克·吐温的一生似乎注定要带上传奇色彩吐温的一生似乎注定要带上传奇色彩。马克吐温的一生似乎注定要带上传奇色彩。而命运的来临，令他于1835年他降生的那一年，哈雷彗星曾划过年他降生的那一年，来临，令他于年他降生的那一年长空。后来，马克·吐温为自己预言吐温为自己预言，长空。后来，马克吐温为自己预言，当1910年哈雷彗星年哈雷彗星再次出现时，他会随它离世。那年4月日彗星果然出现日彗星果然出现，再次出现时，他会随它离世。那年月19日彗星果然出现，他也在第二天辞世。他也在第二天辞世。

marktwainmirrorofamerica课文主旨

marktwainmirrorofamerica课文主旨
马克·吐温是美国最受人喜爱的作家之一，他的作品涵盖了多个社会阶层和人物形象，深刻反映了当时美国社会的现实和问题。

在《马克·吐温：美国社会的镜子》这篇课文中，主要探讨了马克·吐温如何通过其作品反映和描绘了美国社会和文化的发展和变化。

马克·吐温的作品具有深刻的讽刺意味和批判精神，他以幽默的笔调和机智的对话表现了当时美国社会的各种弊端和问题。

他描绘了当时社会上的种种不公和罪恶，同时也揭示了人性的弱点和丑陋。

在课文中，通过对马克·吐温作品的介绍和分析，展示了他的作品如何反映了美国社会的历史背景、文化传统、价值观念等方面的变化。

同时，也探讨了马克·吐温如何通过自己的创作实践，推动了美国文学的发展和变革。

总之，这篇课文主要探讨了马克·吐温如何通过其作品成为美国社会的镜子，帮助人们更好地理解和认识美国社会的历史和文化。

Mark-Twain英文简介生平介绍作品简介[1]

a texture of most local color literature，a kink of humor
tall tales (highly exaggerated)
Mark Twain’s Writing Features
◆ 2. Literature is an art of language. Mark Twain’s language is artistic and like a sharp weapon without doubt. Mark Twain is famous for his humor and satire. ◆ He used the artistic style of hyperbole（夸张法）on the basis of the western traditional humor and made his writing full of allegories that lay behind the humor.
In Middle Ages
By 1900 Twain had become America’s foremost celebrity. He was invited to attend ship launchings, anniversary gatherings, political conventions, and countless dinners. Reporters met him at every port of call, anxious to print a new quip from the famous humorist. To enhance his image, he took to wearing white suits and loved to stroll down the street and see people staring at him.

高中英语人教版必修3 Unit 3 词汇短语(含例句)

Book 3 Unit 3 Words and expressions1.△Mark Twain 马克•吐温(美国作家)Mark Twain travel anywhere in all his life , his adventure aboard is the material of his works. 马克·吐温一生中到处旅游，他在国外的历险经历是他一些作品的素材。

2.birthplace n. 出生地；故乡He has a sentimental attachment to his birthplace.他对他的出生地有眷恋之情。

Athens, the birthplace of the ancient Olympics.雅典，古代奥林匹克运动的发祥地。

3.△Florida n. 佛罗里达镇（位于密苏里州）; 佛罗里达州（美国州名）They go down to Florida every winter.他们每年冬天南下去佛罗里达。

4.bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出She brought up four children. 她养育了4个孩子。

He was brought up in Nebraska. 他在内布拉斯加州被抚养大。

5.△Hannibal n. 汉尼拔（美国城市）If you did not tell me, I wouldn’t know Hannibal is an American city.如果你不跟我说，我都不知道汉尼拔市美国的城市。

6.△Missouri n. 密苏里州（美国州名）The mighty Missouri River crosses much of Montana.气势磅礴的密苏里河流穿过蒙大拿州的大部分地区。

He was trying to woo the daughter of a Missouri aris-tocrat.他正试图追求一位密苏里的豪门小姐。

MarkTwain英文简介

MarkTwain英⽂简介Mark TwainMark Twain (1835 – 19l0) is a great literary giant of America, whom H. L. Mencken considered “the true father of our national literature.” With works like Adventure of Huckleberry Finn (1884) and Life on the Mississippi (1883) Twain shaped the world’s view of America and made a more extensive combination of American folk humor and serious literature than previous writers had ever done.1. Brief Introduction to the AuthorMark Twain, Pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, was born on November 30, 1835, in Missouri, and grew up in the river town of Hannibal. After his father died, he began to seek his own fortune .He once worked as a journeyman printer, a steamboat pilot, a newspaper colunist and as a deadpan lecturer. Twain’s writing t ook the form of humorous journalism of the time, and it ennabled him to master the technique of narration.Twain grew up in Hannibal, Missouri, which provided the setting for Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer. After an apprenticeship with a printer, he worked as a typesetter and contributed articles to his older brother Orion’s newspaper. He later became a riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River before heading west to join Orion in Nevada. He referred humorously to his singular lack of success at mining, turning to journalism for the Virginia City TerritorialEnterprise. In 1865, his humorous story, “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County” was published, based on a story he heard at Angels Hotel in Angels Camp California where he had spent some time as a miner. The short story brought international attention, even being translated to classic Greek. His wit and satire, in prose and in speech, earned praise from critics and peers, and he was a friend to presidents, artists, industrialists, and European royalty.Though Twain earned a great deal of money from his writings and lectures, he invested in ventures that lost a great deal of money, notably the Paige Compositor, which failed because of its complexity and imprecision. In the wake of these financial setbacks he filed for protection from his creditors via a bankruptcy filing, and with the help of Henry Huttleston Rogers eventually overcame his financial troubles. Twain chose to pay all his pre-bankruptcy creditors in full, though he had no responsibility to do this under the law.Twain was born shortly after a visit by Halley’s Comet, and he predicted that he would “go out with it,” too. He died the day following the comet’s subsequent return. He was lauded as the “greatest American humorist of his age,” and William Faulkner called Twain “the father of American literature.”2. Mark Twain’s major worksIn l865, he pub1ished his frontier tale “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,” which brought him recognition from a wider public. But his full literary career began to blossom in 1869 with a travel book Innocents Abroad, an account of American tourists in Europe which pokes fun at the pretentious, decadent and undemocratic Old World in a satirical tone. Mark Twain’s best works were produced when he was in the prime of his life. All these masterworks drew upon the scenes and emotions of his boyhood and youth. The first among these books is Roughing It (1872), in which Twain describes a journey that works its way farther west. Life on the Mississippi tells a story of his boyhood ambition to become a riverboat pilot. Two of the best books during this period are The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The former is usually regarded as a classic book written for boys about their particular horrors and joys, while the latter, being a boy’s book specially written for the adults, is Twain’s most representative work, describing a journey down the Mississippi undertaken by two fugitives, Huck and Jim. Their episodic set of encounters presents a sample of the social world from the bank of the river that runs through the heart of the country.His social satire is The Gilded Age, written in collaborationwith Charles Dudley Warner. The novel explored the scrupulous individualism in a world of fantastic speculation and unstable values, and gave its name to the get-rich-quick years of the post-Civil War era. Twain’s dark view of the society became more self-evident in the works published later in his life. In A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court (1889), a parable of colonialization. A similar mood of despair permeates The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson (1894), which shows the disastrous effects of slavery on the victimizer and the victim alike and reveals to us a Mark Twain whose conscience as a white Southerner was tormented by fear and remorse. By the turn of the century, with the publication of The Man that Corrupted Hadleyburg (l900) and The Mysterious Stranger (1916), the change in Mark Twain from an optimist to an almost despairing pessimist could be felt and his cynicism and disillusionment with what Twain referred to regularly as the “damned human race” became obvious.3. The Characteristics of Mark Twain’s Writing Style1) Twain as a local coloristTwain is also known as a local colorist, who preferred to present social life through portraits of the local characters of his regions, including people living in that area, the landscape, and other peculiarities like the customs, dialects, costumes and so on.Consequently, the rich material of his boyhood experience on the Mississippi became the endless resources for his fiction, and the Mississippi valley and the West became his major theme. Unlike James and Howe1ls, Mark Twain wrote about the lower-class people, because they were the people he knew so we1l ancl their 1ife was the one he himself had lived. Moreover he successfully used local color and historical settings to i1lustrate and shed light on the contemporary society.2) His use of vernacularAnother fact that made Twain unique is his magic power with language, his use of vernacular. His words are col1oquial, concrete and direct in effect, and his sentence structures are simp1e, even ungrammatical, which is typical of the spoken1anguage. And Twain skillfully used the colloquialism to cast his protagonists in their everyday life. What’s more, his characters, confined to a particular region and to a particular historical moment, speak with a strong accent, which is true of his 1ocal colorism. Besides, different characters from different literary or cultural backgrounds talk differently, as is the case with Huck, Tom, and Jim. Indeed, with his great mastery and effective use of vernacular, Twain has made colloquial speech an accepted, respectable 1iterary medium in the literary history of the country. His style of languagewas later taken up by his descendants, Sherwood Anderson and Ernest Hemingway, and influenced generations of letters.3) His humorMark Twain’s humor is remarkable, too. It is fun to read Twain to begin with, for most of his works tend to be funny, containing some practical jokes, comic details, witty remarks, etc., and some of them are actually tall ta1es. By considering his experience as a newspaperman, Mark Twain shared the popu1ar image of the American funny man whose punning, facetious, irreverenl articles filled the newspapers, and a great deal of his humor is characterized by puns, straight-faced exaggeration, repetition, and anti-climax, let alone tricks of travesty and invective. However, his humor is not only of witty remarks mocking at small things or of farcical elements making people laugh, but a kind of artistic style used to criticize the social injustice and satirize the decayed romanticism.4. Huckleberry Finn1) What is the book aboutH uckleberry Finn, by general agreement, is Twain’s finest book and an outstanding American novel. Its narrator is Huck, a youngster whose carelessly recorded vernacular speech is admirably adapted to detailed and poetic description of scenes, vivid representations of characters, and narrative renditions that are both broadly comicand subtly ironic.Huck, son of the village drunkard, is uneducated, superstitious, and sometimes credulous; but he also has a native shrewdness, a cheerfulness that is hard to put down, compassionate tolerance, and an instinctive tendency to reach the right decisions about important matters. He runs away from his persecuting father and, with his companion, the runaway slave Jim, makes a long and frequently interrupted voyage floating down the Mississippi River on a raft. During the journey Huck meets and comes to know members of greatly varied groups, so that the book memorably portrays almost every class living on or along the river. Huck overcomes his initial prejudices and learns to respect and love Jim.The book’s pages are dotted with idyllic descriptions of the great river and the surrounding forests, and Huck’s exuberance and unconscious humor permeate the whole. But a thread that runs through adventure after adventure is the theme of man’s inhumanity to man–-of human cruelty. Children miss this theme, but adults who read the book with care cannot fail to be impressed by an attitude that was to become a reiterated theme of the author during his later years.2) The significance of the novelThe book marks the climax of Twain’s literary creativity.Hemingway once described the novel the one book from which “all modern American literature comes.” The book is significant in many ways. First of all, the novel is written in a language that is totally different from the rhetorical language used by Emerson, Poe, and Melville. It is not grand, pompous, but simple, direct, lucid, and faithful to the colloquial speech. This unpretentious style of colloquialism is best described as “vernacular”. Speaking in vernacular, a wild and uneducated Huck, running away from civilization for his freedom, is vividly brought to life. Secondly, the great strength of the book also comes from the shape given to it by the course of the raft’s jou rney down the Mississippi as Huck and Jim seek their different kinds of freedom. Twain, who knew the river intimately, uses it here both realistically and symbolically. Thirdly, the profoundportrait of Huckleberry Finn is another great contribution of the book to the legacy of American literature. The novel begins with a description of how Widow Douglas attempts to civilize Huck and ends with him deciding not to let it happen again at the hands of Aunt Sally. The climax arises with Huck’s inner struggle on the Mississippi, when Huck is polarized by the two opposing forces between his heart and his head, between his affection for Jim and the laws of the society against those who help slaves escape.Huck’s final decision – to fo1low his own good – hearted moral impulse rather than conventional village morality – amounts to a vindication of what Mark Twain called” the damned human race,” damned for its comfortable hypocrisies, its thoroughgoing dishonesties, and its pervasive cruelties. With the eventual victory of his moral conscience over his social awareness, Huck grows.5. Selected ReadingAn Excerpt from Chapter 3l of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 1) The storyThis novel begins with Huck under the motherly protection of the Widow Douglas and her sister, Miss Watson. When his father comes to demand the boy’s fortune, Huck pretends that he has transferred the money to Judge Thather, so his father catches him and puts him into a lonely cabin. One night, after his father is drunken, Huck escapes to Jackson’s island and meets Miss Watson’s runaway slave, Jim. They start down the river on a raft. After several adventures, the raft is hit by a steamboat and the two are separated. Huck swims ashore and is saved by the Grangerford family, whose feud with the Sheperdsons causes bloodshed. Later, Huck discovers Jim and they set down again, giving refuge to a gang of frauds: the “Duke” and “King,” whose dramatic performances culminate in the fraudulentexhibition of the “Royal Nonesuch.” Huck also witnesses the lynching and murder of a harmless drunkard by an Arkansas aristocrat on the shore. When he finds that some rogues intend to claim legacies as Peter Wilks’s brother, Huc k interferes on behalf of the three daughters, and the scheme is failed by the arrival of the real brothers. Then he discovers that the “King”has sold Jim to Mrs. Phelps, Tom Sawyer’s Aunt Sally. At the Phelps farm, Huck and Tom try to rescue Jim. In the rescue, Tom is accidentally shot and Jim is recaptured. Later, Tom reveals that the rescue is necessary only because he “wanted the adventures of it.” It is also disclosed at the end of the novel that Huck’s father has died, so Huck’s fortune is safe.2) T he novel’s theme, characterization of “Huck” and the novel’s social significanceTheme: The novel is a vindication of what Mark Twain called “the damned human race.” That is the theme of man’s inhumanity to man–-of human cruelty, hypocrisies, dishonesties, and moral corruptions. Mark Twain’s thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization.Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is best known for Mark Twain’s wonderful characterization of “Huck,” a typical America n boy whom its creator described as a boy with “a sound heart and a deformedconscience,” and remarkable for the raft’s journey down the Mississippi river, which Twain used both realistically and symbolically to shape his book into an organic whole.Through the eyes of Huck, the innocent and reluctant rebel, we see the pre-Civil War American society fully exposed and at the same time we are deeply impressed by Mark Twain’s thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization.3) The selected chapterHuck and Jim are with the frauds. They decide to leave them in their raft when Huck learns that Jim is sold by the “King” to Mrs. Phelps. There is a very important description here of Huck’s inner conflict about whether or not he should write a letter to tell Miss Watsom where Jim is. Huck’s internal conflict between his sound heart and deformed conscience is obvious: On one hand, he feels that he ought to help return Jim to his owner, Miss Watson. On the other hand, his friendship for Jim makes such a course of action difficult for him. Huck instinctively knows the right thing to do. But his conscience dictates the conventional morality of the South. The whole episode is a subtle yet powerful condemnation of the society that makes Huck feel that he will go to hell for doing what his very instinct knows to be the right thing to do. Huck’s moral dilemmais brought about by a corrupt society that has institutionalized slavery.。

《Mark-Twain简介》课件

3 被誉为“美国文学的
先驱”和“美国幽默的教父”
马克·吐温因其对美国文
革命运动，坚定支持奴
马克·吐温以他独特的幽
学的贡献被誉为“美国文
隶制度的废除，为社会
默风格和生动的叙事能
学的先驱”，同时他的幽
的平等和正义做出了贡
力影响了当时的文学界，
默风格也使他
幽默的教父”。
《Mark-Twain简介》PPT 课件
马克·吐温，原名塞缪尔·克莱门斯·卡尔顿（Samuel Clemens），是美国著名作家、记者和演说家。他以他的幽默风格和生动的叙事能力而闻名，被誉为 “美国文学的先驱”和“美国幽默的教父”。
背景介绍
姓名
M ark Twain
国籍
美国
生卒
1835年-1910年
他的启发。
学贡献而受到荣誉的肯
学做出的重要贡献而被
定，并被授予荣誉文学
选入美国文学名人堂。
为纪念马克·吐温的成就
博士学位。
和对美国文学的贡献，
特朗普将他的诞辰日定
为“美国国家作家日”。
影响力
1 参与社会革命运动， 2 独具一格的幽默风
支持奴隶制度废除
格和生动的叙事能
力影响了当时的文
马克·吐温积极参与社会
学界和后来的作家
职业
作家、记者、演说家
代表作品
1 《汤姆·索耶历险记》
2 《哈克贝里·费恩历险记》
这部经典小说以其幽默和充满冒险精神的故事而闻名，一直是儿童文学中的经典之作。
这本小说以其对奴隶制度和社会问题的敏锐观察而闻名，被视为美国文学的重要作品。
3 《镀金时代》
这本书是马克·吐温的自传体小说，描绘了他在西部冒险时的生活经历。

Mark Twain英文简介

Mark TwainMark Twain (1835 – 19l0) is a great literary giant of America, whom H. L. Mencken considered “the true father of our national literature.” With works like Adventure of Huckleberry Finn (1884) and Life on the Mississippi (1883) Twain shaped the world’s view of America and made a more extensive combination of American folk humor and serious literature than previous writers had ever done.1. Brief Introduction to the AuthorMark Twain, Pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, was born on November 30, 1835, in Missouri, and grew up in the river town of Hannibal. After his father died, he began to seek his own fortune .He once worked as a journeyman printer, a steamboat pilot, a newspaper colunist and as a deadpan lecturer. Twain’s writing took the form of humorous journalism of the time, and it ennabled him to master the technique of narration.Twain grew up in Hannibal, Missouri, which provided the setting for Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer. After an apprenticeship with a printer, he worked as a typesetter and contributed articles to his older brother Orion’s newspaper. He later became a riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River before heading west to join Orion in Nevada. He referred humorously to his singular lack of success at mining, turning to journalism for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise. In 1865, his humorous story, “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County” was published, based on a story he heard at Angels Hotel in Angels Camp California where he had spent some time as a miner. The short story brought international attention, even being translated to classic Greek. His wit and satire, in prose and in speech, earned praise from critics and peers, and he was a friend to presidents, artists, industrialists, and European royalty.Though Twain earned a great deal of money from his writings and lectures, he invested in ventures that lost a great deal of money, notably the Paige Compositor, which failed because of its complexity and imprecision. In the wake of these financial setbacks he filed for protection from his creditors via a bankruptcy filing, and with the help of Henry Huttleston Rogers eventually overcame his financial troubles. Twain chose to pay all his pre-bankruptcy creditors in full, though he had no responsibility to do this under the law.Twain was born shortly after a visit by Halley’s Comet, and he predicted that he would “go out with it,” too. He died the day following the comet’s subsequent return. He was lauded as the “greatest American humorist of his age,” and William Faulkner called Twain “the father of American literature.”2. Mark Twain’s major worksIn l865, he pub1ished his frontier tale “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,” which brought him recognition from a wider public. But his full literary career began to blossom in 1869 with a travel book Innocents Abroad, an account of American tourists in Europe which pokes fun at the pretentious, decadent and undemocratic Old World in a satirical tone. Mark Twain’s best works were produced when he was in the prime of his life. All these masterworks drew upon the scenes and emotions of his boyhood and youth. The first among these books is Roughing It (1872), in which Twain describes a journey that works its way farther west. Life on the Mississippi tells a story of his boyhood ambition to become a riverboat pilot. Two of the best books during this period are The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and Adventures ofHuckleberry Finn. The former is usually regarded as a classic book written for boys about their particular horrors and joys, while the latter, being a boy’s book specially written for the adults, is Twain’s most representative work, describing a journey down the Mississippi undertaken by two fugitives, Huck and Jim. Their episodic set of encounters presents a sample of the social world from the bank of the river that runs through the heart of the country.His social satire is The Gilded Age, written in collaboration with Charles Dudley Warner. The novel explored the scrupulous individualism in a world of fantastic speculation and unstable values, and gave its name to the get-rich-quick years of the post-Civil War era. Twain’s dark view of the society became more self-evident in the works published later in his life. In A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court (1889), a parable of colonialization. A similar mood of despair permeates The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson (1894), which shows the disastrous effects of slavery on the victimizer and the victim alike and reveals to us a Mark Twain whose conscience as a white Southerner was tormented by fear and remorse. By the turn of the century, with the publication of The Man that Corrupted Hadleyburg (l900) and The Mysterious Stranger (1916), the change in Mark Twain from an optimist to an almost despairing pessimist could be felt and his cynicism and disillusionment with what Twain referred to regularly as the “damned human race” became obvious.3. The Characteristics of Mark Twain’s Writing Style1) Twain as a local coloristTwain is also known as a local colorist, who preferred to present social life through portraits of the local characters of his regions, including people living in that area, the landscape, and other peculiarities like the customs, dialects, costumes and so on. Consequently, the rich material of his boyhood experience on the Mississippi became the endless resources for his fiction, and the Mississippi valley and the West became his major theme. Unlike James and Howe1ls, Mark Twain wrote about the lower-class people, because they were the people he knew so we1l ancl their 1ife was the one he himself had lived. Moreover he successfully used local color and historical settings to i1lustrate and shed light on the contemporary society.2) His use of vernacularAnother fact that made Twain unique is his magic power with language, his use of vernacular. His words are col1oquial, concrete and direct in effect, and his sentence structures are simp1e, even ungrammatical, which is typical of the spoken 1anguage. And Twain skillfully used the colloquialism to cast his protagonists in their everyday life. What’s more, his characters, confined to a particular region and to a particular historical moment, speak with a strong accent, which is true of his 1ocal colorism. Besides, different characters from different literary or cultural backgrounds talk differently, as is the case with Huck, Tom, and Jim. Indeed, with his great mastery and effective use of vernacular, Twain has made colloquial speech an accepted, respectable 1iterary medium in the literary history of the country. His style of language was later taken up by his descendants, Sherwood Anderson and Ernest Hemingway, and influenced generations of letters.3) His humorMark Twain’s humor is remarkable, too. It is fun to read Twain to begin with, for most of his works tend to be funny, containing some practical jokes, comic details, witty remarks, etc., and some of them are actually tall ta1es. By considering his experience as a newspaperman, MarkTwain shared the popu1ar image of the American funny man whose punning, facetious, irreverenl articles filled the newspapers, and a great deal of his humor is characterized by puns, straight-faced exaggeration, repetition, and anti-climax, let alone tricks of travesty and invective. However, his humor is not only of witty remarks mocking at small things or of farcical elements making people laugh, but a kind of artistic style used to criticize the social injustice and satirize the decayed romanticism.4. Huckleberry Finn1) What is the book about?Huckleberry Finn, by general agreement, is Twain’s finest book and an outstanding American novel. Its narrator is Huck, a youngster whose carelessly recorded vernacular speech is admirably adapted to detailed and poetic description of scenes, vivid representations of characters, and narrative renditions that are both broadly comic and subtly ironic.Huck, son of the village drunkard, is uneducated, superstitious, and sometimes credulous; but he also has a native shrewdness, a cheerfulness that is hard to put down, compassionate tolerance, and an instinctive tendency to reach the right decisions about important matters. He runs away from his persecuting father and, with his companion, the runaway slave Jim, makes a long and frequently interrupted voyage floating down the Mississippi River on a raft. During the journey Huck meets and comes to know members of greatly varied groups, so that the book memorably portrays almost every class living on or along the river. Huck overcomes his initial prejudices and learns to respect and love Jim.The book’s pages are dotted with idyllic descriptions of the great river and the surrounding forests, and Huck’s exuberance and unconscious humor permeate the whole. But a thread that runs through adventure after adventure is the theme of man’s inhumanity to man–-of human cruelty. Children miss this theme, but adults who read the book with care cannot fail to be impressed by an attitude that was to become a reiterated theme of the author during his later years.2) The significance of the novelThe book marks the climax of Twain’s literary creativity. Hemingway once described the novel the one book from which “all modern American literature comes.” The book is significant in many ways. First of all, the novel is written in a language that is totally different from the rhetorical language used by Emerson, Poe, and Melville. It is not grand, pompous, but simple, direct, lucid, and faithful to the colloquial speech. This unpretentious style of colloquialism is best described as “vernacular”. Speaking in vernacular, a wild and uneducated Huck, running away from civilization for his freedom, is vividly brought to life. Secondly, the great strength of the book also comes from the shape given to it by the course of the raft’s journey down the Mississippi as Huck and Jim seek their different kinds of freedom. Twain, who knew the river intimately, uses it here both realistically and symbolically. Thirdly, the profound portrait of Huckleberry Finn is another great contribution of the book to the legacy of American literature. The novel begins with a description of how Widow Douglas attempts to civilize Huck and ends with him deciding not to let it happen again at the hands of Aunt Sally. The climax arises with Huck’s inner struggle on the Mississippi, when Huck is polarized by the two opposing forces between his heart and his head, between his affection for Jim and the laws of the society against those who help slaves escape.Huck’s final decision – to fo1low his own good – hearted moral impulse rather than conventional village morality – amounts to a vindication of what Mark Twain called” the damned human race,” damned for its comfortable hypocrisies, its thoroughgoing dishonesties, and its pervasive cruelties. With the eventual victory of his moral conscience over his social awareness, Huck grows.5. Selected ReadingAn Excerpt from Chapter 3l of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1) The storyThis novel begins with Huck under the motherly protection of the Widow Douglas and her sister, Miss Watson. When his father comes to demand the boy’s fortune, Huck pretends that he has transferred the money to Judge Thather, so his father catches him and puts him into a lonely cabin. One night, after his father is drunken, Huck escapes to Jackson’s island and meets Miss Watson’s runaway slave, Jim. They start down the river on a raft. After several adventures, the raft is hit by a steamboat and the two are separated. Huck swims ashore and is saved by the Grangerford family, whose feud with the Sheperdsons causes bloodshed. Later, Huck discovers Jim and they set down again, giving refuge to a gang of frauds: the “Duke” and “King,” whose dramatic performances culminate in the fraudulent exhibition of the “Royal Nonesuch.” Huck also witnesses the lynching and murder of a harmless drunkard by an Arkansas aristocrat on the shore. When he finds that some rogues intend to claim legacies as Peter Wilks’s brother, Huck interferes on behalf of the three daughters, and the scheme is failed by the arrival of the real brothers. Then he discovers that the “King” has sold Jim to Mrs. Phelps, Tom Sawyer’s Aunt Sally. At the Phelps farm, Huck and Tom try to rescue Jim. In the rescue, Tom is accidentally shot and Jim is recaptured. Later, Tom reveals that the rescue is necessary only because he “wanted the adventures of it.” It is also disclosed at the end of the novel that Huck’s father has died, so Huck’s fortune is safe.2) The novel’s theme, characterization of “Huck” and the novel’s social significanceTheme: The novel is a vindication of what Mark Twain called “the damned human race.” That is the theme of man’s inhumanity to man–-of human cruelty, hypocrisies, dishonesties, and moral corruptions. Mark Twain’s thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization.Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is best known for Mark Twain’s wonderful characterization of “Huck,” a typical American boy whom its creator described as a boy with “a sound heart and a deformed conscience,” and remarkable for the raft’s journey down the Mississippi river, which Twain used both realistically and symbolically to shape his book into an organic whole. Through the eyes of Huck, the innocent and reluctant rebel, we see the pre-Civil War American society fully exposed and at the same time we are deeply impressed by Mark Twain’s thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization.3) The selected chapterHuck and Jim are with the frauds. They decide to leave them in their raft when Huck learns that Jim is sold by the “King” to Mrs. Phelps. There is a very important description here of Huck’s inner conflict about whether or not he should write a letter to tell Miss Watsom where Jim is. Huck’s internal conflict between his sound heart and deformed conscience is obvious: On one hand, he feels that he ought to help return Jim to his owner, Miss Watson. On the other hand, his friendship for Jim makes such a course of action difficult for him. Huck instinctively knows theright thing to do. But his conscience dictates the conventional morality of the South. The whole episode is a subtle yet powerful condemnation of the society that makes Huck feel that he will go to hell for doing what his very instinct knows to be the right thing to do. Huck’s moral dilemma is brought about by a corrupt society that has institutionalized slavery.。

马克吐温中英文介绍

3) The Gildedad (1880)
Another book of humor and travel observations
in the vein of The Innocents Abroadand Roughing It.
short
words
concrete
sentence and structure
direct in effect simple, even ungrammatical
MARK TWAIN' S WRITING FEATURES
local colour
represented social life through portraits of local places which he knew best
STYLE
? His earlier works are light, humorous and optimistic.
? His later works become darker and more obscure, showing his discontent and disappointment toward the social reality.
? He used the artistic style of hyperbole on the basis of the western traditional humor and made his writing full of allegories that lay behind the humor.
EARLY LIFE EXPERIENCE
?Born in a little town in Mississippi ?At 11, he lost his father ?At 13, he stopped schooling ?Tramp printer ?Steamboat pilot on the Mississippi ?Confederate guerrilla ?Prospector ?Reporter on the far western

Mark Twain

Major works

A Tramp Abroad 1880 《一个流浪汉在国外》 Innocents Abroad 1832《傻子出国记》 The Prince and Pauper 1833《王子与平民》 Following the Equator 1897《赤道旅行记》 Extracts from Adam‘s Diary 1904 《亚当的日记摘录》 What Is Man？ 1906《人是什么？》 The $30,000 Bequest 1906《三万元遗产》 The Mysterious of Stranger 1916 《神秘的陌生人》 The Stolen White Elephant 《丢失的白象》

Major works

Roughing It (1872) 《艰难岁月》 The Gilded Age (1873) 《镀金年代》 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) 《汤姆索亚历险记》 Life on the Mississippi(1883) 《密西西比河上的生活》 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884) 《哈克贝利.费恩历险记》 A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court (1889) 《亚瑟王朝的康涅狄克州的美国佬》 Pudd’n head Wilson (1894)《傻瓜威尔逊》 The Man That Corrupted Hadlery burry （1900）《败坏了赫德莱堡的人》
主要作品

19世纪末，随着美国进入帝国主义发展阶段，马克· 吐温一些游记、杂文、政论，如《赤道环行记》（1897）、中篇小说《败坏了哈德莱堡的人》（1900）、等的批判揭露意义也逐渐减弱，而绝望神秘情绪则有所伸长，马克· 吐温被誉为“美国文学中的林肯”。

高中英语必修三unit3-the-million-pound-bank-note-warming-u

2. What did he do in America? He worked for a mining company.
3. Why did he land in Britain? He was sailing out the bay when he was carried out to sea by a strong wind and was spotted by a ship for London.
Do you name any of his works?
About Mark Twain
His famous works
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 1876
《汤姆·索亚历险记》
About Mark Twain
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
《百万英镑》
The Million Pound Bank Note
Do you know this novel? The novel is a story about bet.
This novel was made into a film.
Discussion
If a rich person gave you a large amount of money to use as you like, for example, one million pounds, what would you do?
对话 dialogue 独白 monologue 旁白 aside (心独)白 interior monologue 潜台词 unspoken lines • 舞台说明 stage directions 人物表、时间、服装、道具、布景及人物的表情、动作、上下场等。

marktwain课后习题答案

marktwain课后习题答案Mark Twain课后习题答案Mark Twain是美国文学史上一位备受赞誉的作家，他的作品深受读者喜爱，也被广泛研究和教授。

在学习Mark Twain的作品时，老师常常会布置一些习题，以帮助学生更好地理解和分析他的作品。

在这篇文章中，我将给出一些Mark Twain课后习题的答案，希望对读者有所帮助。

1. 在Mark Twain的作品中，他经常使用幽默和讽刺的手法，请举例说明他是如何运用这些手法的。

答案：在《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》中，Twain通过哈克贝利·费恩的视角来揭示社会的虚伪和不公。

他通过哈克的幽默描述和讽刺言辞，让读者发现人们的假善和虚伪。

例如，当哈克被迫穿上体面的衣服并学习礼貌时，他的内心对这种虚伪感到不满，并用幽默的方式来表达他的真实感受。

这种幽默和讽刺的手法使读者在笑声中思考社会的问题。

2. 在《汤姆·索亚历险记》中，Twain描绘了南方小镇的生活和人们的价值观，请分析这些描写对整个故事的意义。

答案：在《汤姆·索亚历险记》中，Twain通过对南方小镇生活的描写，展现了当时社会的种种问题和人们的价值观。

他通过描绘小镇上的种族歧视、对奴隶制度的支持以及对教育的忽视，暗示了南方社会的不公和落后。

这些描写不仅让读者了解当时的社会背景，也让读者思考社会的进步和改革的必要性。

3. 在《汤姆·索亚历险记》中，Twain通过对自然环境的描写，强调了自然的力量和人与自然的关系，请举例说明。

答案：在《汤姆·索亚历险记》中，Twain通过对密西西比河的描写，强调了自然的力量和人与自然的关系。

他通过描绘河流的宽广和湍急，以及河边的美景和野生动物，让读者感受到自然的壮丽和神奇。

同时，他也通过描写人们与自然的互动，如船只的航行和钓鱼活动，表达了人类对自然的依赖和敬畏。

这种描写不仅增加了故事的情节，也让读者思考人与自然的和谐共生。

人教版高中英语必修3 背景小阅读：Mark Twain

背景小阅读：Mark TwainMark TwainMark Twain是美国最伟大的作家之一，以他的智慧和机智闻名于世。

从他的作品以及他自己对The Adventures of Tom Sawyer《汤姆索亚历险记》的诠释中，可以了解到其写作的独特风格。

Mark Twain, an American writer, novelist and humorist, published more than 30 books, hundreds of short stories and essays and gave lecture tours around the world throughout his career. During his whole life, Mark Twain carried on many kinds of jobs. From 1864, he became a reporter and travelled in Europe. By the end of his life in 1910, he had become known as the perfect example of American author.Behind the mask of humour and satire, his writing often criticized social morals, politics and human nature, making his literature a unique reflection of the American experience in the latter part of the nineteenth century.In the 1890s Mark Twain became very poor. To recover from the bankruptcy, he started a world lecture tour, during which one of his daughters died. The death of his wife and his second daughter darkened his later years. Mark Twain died on April 21, 1910.The writer’s introduction to The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876)Most of the adventures recorded in this book really happened; one or two were experiences of my own, the rest those of boys who were schoolmates of mine. Huck Finn is drawn from life; Tom Sawyer also, but not from an individual —he is a combination of the three boys whom I knew.Although my book is intended mainly for the entertainment of boys and girls, I hope it will not be shocked by men and women, for part of my plan has been to try to pleasantly remind adults of what they once were themselves, and of how they felt and thought and talked, and what strange adventures they sometimes took part in.Open Questions:1. What is the main characteristic of Mark Twain’s works?2. What is the main writing purpose of The Adventures of Tom Saywer?生词小贴士satire 讽刺criticize 批评，抨击unique 独特的reflection 反映。

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