完形填空专项突破(五)——同、近义或者反义辨析能力
2020年高考英语专项突破——完形填空 ( 附答案详析)
高考专项突破——完形填空( 附答案详析)一、完形填空解题策略：1．跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。
先跳过空格，通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文，获得整体印象，做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨，较好地把握短文大意。
要在阅读理解短文意思的基础上才开始判定选择，切忌仓促下笔。
2．结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案。
在理解全文意思的基础上，再结合所给备选项细读全文，联系上、下文内容，注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题的提示，以词、句的意义为先，再从分析句子结构入手，根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑，对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选，排除干扰项、初步选定答案。
3．瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。
动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。
对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做，一下子不能确定答案的，先跳过这一空格，继续往下做，最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。
这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文，随着对短文理解的深入，可以降低试题的难度，提高选择的正确率。
4．复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。
完成各道题选择后，把所选的答案代入原文，再把全文通读一篇，逐空认真复查。
看所选定的答案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确，是否符合习惯表达法。
如发现错误答案或有疑问的，应再次推敲、反复斟酌、做出修正。
做完形填空选择题时应注意如下几点：1．完形填空的短文通常没有标题且文章的首句和尾句，一般不设空，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。
2．第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。
此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一、二遍，直到明确大意为止。
3．做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见树林。
由于缺乏全局观念，极易导致连续选错。
因为完形填空不同于单个句子的选词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章之中，因此必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。
英语完形填空高考备考----词汇(同义词辨析)
高中常用同义词辨析汇总3. abandon/desert6. accuse/charge/blame/scold12. anxious/eager/keen13. apart from/except/except for/except that/besides14. argue/debate/discuss/quarrel15. ashamed/shameful/shame16. at ease/with ease17. attempt/try/manage19. average/common/ordinary/general/usual20. award/reward/prize21. beat/strike/hit38. common/ordinary/usual/average/universal45. consult/look upconsult 意为“查阅书籍等以获得信息”，其宾语一般是dictionary, book, magazine, telephone, directory, map, railway, guide等名词。
look up 意为“在词典或其他工具书中查找某信息”，其宾语为需要查找的内容，如word, phrase, idiom, slang, proverb, phone number, place, name等名词或短语。
46. contain/include/holdcontain意为“包含，含有，容纳，里面装有”，指的是包含的全部内容或容量，也可指里面所含的成分，一般不用于进行时态。
include通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内。
在句中常构成分词短语sth. included或includingsth. 。
hold通常指有能力容纳。
/ 47. content/satisfactorycontent adj. 用来修饰人，表示对某一事物的满意，只用作表语。
高考英语完形填空考点总结
高考英语完形填空考点总结高考英语中的完形填空是一项综合性较强的题型，对于考生的词汇量、语法知识、阅读理解能力以及逻辑推理能力都有着较高的要求。
以下是对高考英语完形填空常见考点的总结。
一、词汇考点1、近义词辨析在完形填空中，经常会出现一些意思相近的词汇，需要考生根据上下文语境来选择最合适的单词。
例如，“big”“large”“huge”都有“大”的意思，但在具体的语境中，它们的侧重点和适用范围可能不同。
2、固定搭配英语中有很多固定的短语和搭配，如“take part in”（参加）、“be interested in”（对感兴趣）等。
考生需要熟悉这些固定搭配，才能准确地做出选择。
3、词汇的多义性有些单词有多种含义，在不同的语境中意思不同。
比如“cover”，可以表示“覆盖”“包括”“报道”等，考生要根据上下文来判断其准确含义。
二、语法考点1、时态和语态通过上下文来判断句子所需要的时态和语态是常见的考点。
例如，描述过去的事情要用过去时态，强调动作的承受者要用被动语态。
2、非谓语动词包括动词的 ing 形式、过去分词和不定式。
考生需要根据句子结构和逻辑关系来确定使用哪种非谓语形式。
3、从句定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句等在完形填空中经常出现。
考生要掌握各类从句的引导词和句子结构。
三、上下文逻辑关系1、转折关系常见的转折词有“but”“however”“yet”等。
当出现这些词时，前后的意思往往相反。
2、因果关系“because”“so”“therefore”等词提示因果关系，考生要根据原因或结果来选择合适的选项。
3、并列关系“and”“as well as”“bothand”等表示并列关系，所连接的成分在语义和语法上通常是平等的。
四、文化背景知识有时候，完形填空的文章会涉及到英语国家的文化、风俗、习惯等方面的知识。
例如，某些节日的庆祝方式、特定的社交礼仪等。
了解这些背景知识有助于更好地理解文章和做出正确的选择。
完形填空4大解题技法讲义 2023届高考英语二轮复习-2023届高考英语二轮复习
完型填空4大解题技法技法1 利用逻辑关系解题所谓的逻辑关系是指文章在语法或语意上存在的并列、顺承、转折、因果、目的等关系。
考生只有在透彻理解文意的基础上，才能对句内或句组的上下文逻辑关系做出正确的判断，从而选出正确答案。
因此，考生须掌握常见逻辑关系的标志词(如：and, but, however, then, so, because, instead of, so as to等)，通过标志词透彻理解上下文的文意。
[典例1] (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was __44__，and his crying let the whole campground know it.44．A.unhurt B．unfortunateC．uncomfortable D．unafraid解题思路：本题属于句内层次题。
根据空格所在句的下文“his crying”可知，上文“He was __44__”与下文“his crying”之间在文意上存在“因果”逻辑关系，即“某种原因造成我儿子的哭”。
结合选项可知，uncomfortable 最符合文意。
[典例2] (2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24.(damage) it caused had driven away a number of birds. __25__，the number of snakes had declined as well.25．A.Besides B．HoweverC．Therefore D．Otherwise解题思路：本题属于句组层次题。
根据空格所在句的上文“the 24.(damage) it caused had driven away a number of bird”和下文“the number of snakes had declined”可知，上下文所表示的都是洪灾所带来的后果，在文意上存在逻辑上的递进关系。
超实用的完形填空解题技巧
一、复现解题法：这类题多为同义词、近义词和反义词的复现或同义词、近义词和反义词异形复现的形式。
这种测试手法主要是考查考生的整体篇章意识和上下文推断能力。
首尾或上下段落呼应，复现解决问题！1. When Glen Kruger picked a small cat from an animal shelter, he did not expect much. Yet right from the start, eight years ago, there was an uncommon connection between him and the small black cat. He 36 her Inky.“ I grew up on a hundred-acre farm and had only cats 37playmates,”Kruger,The seventy-year-old man,says. “My hearing was damaged by the 38 of farm equipment , so I learned to connect with 39 .36. A. gave B. chose C. named D. remembered37. A. like B. as C. except D. among38. A. sound B. alarm C. noise D. voice39. A. animals B. friends C. farmers D. neghbors2. 46 in a pool of blood on the basement floor, Kruger felt 47 going into shock（休克）. He shouted for help , 48 his wife, Brenda,was asleep in their bedroom at the opposite end of the house. 49 Kruger noticed Inky watching from the top of the stairs.“Go get Brenda, ” Krugger said to Inky.Inky 50 to the bedroom door and scratched 51 until Brenda opened it. Then Inky led her to the 52Brenda found her husband 53 the stairs and called 911.46. A. Falling B. Lying C. Appearing D. Thinking47. A. it B. itself C. him D. himself48. A. and B. but C. or D. so49. A. Thus B. Otherwise C. Then D. Rather50. A. walked B. ran C. returned D. withdrew51. A. rapidly B. suddenly C. madly D. urgently52. A. bedroom B. basement C yard D. house53. A. at the bottom of B. in the middle of C. at the top of D. in the front of3.〖2011·全国新课标卷〗The professor 37 (marched into ) the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans(豆), and invited the students to 38how many beans the jar contained. After 39 shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the 40 answer, and went on saying, “You have just 41 an important lesson about science.38. A．count B. guess C. report D. watch39. A. warning B. giving C. turning away D. listening to40. A. ready B. possible C. correct D. difficult41. A. learned B. prepared C. taught D. taken同义近义复现来解题4. I believe that a mixture of friends is equally advantageous. One can ___7___ from various sorts of friends in three aspects. First, frequent contacts with different friends broaden my world outlooks. Just as various kinds of nutriments keep you healthy, making a __8__ of friends keep you lively. … Secondly, I have found that different friends can not only lead to new adventures but also show me new avenues to success in life. …7. A. obtain B. benefit C. suffer D. earn8. A. range B. series C. quantity D. variety5. Liumei is among the _22_ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted (答应给）Liu a full scholarship --- HK$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate.22. A. poor B. smart C. lucky D. silent6.Friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all languages. … Some of us like_2_friends while others like different friends. Personally I prefer both.Having similar friends has many advantages. …2. A. true B. right C. same D. similar7. In particular，there was (and perhaps still is) a belief in fairies. Not all of these __21__ are the friendly，people-loving characters that appear in Disney films，and in some folk-tales they are __22__ and cause much human suffering.21. A. babies B. believes C. fairies D. supermen22. A. powerful B. cruel C. frightened D. extraordinary8. On August 26,1999，New York City was struck by a terrible rainstorm. The rain caused the streets to __36__ and the subway system almost came to a stop.36. A. break B. flood C. sink D. crash9.Garth’s email was short，but I learned more from that __52__ message than I ever did from a textbook.A. accurateB. urgentC. briefD. humorous10. Though he is serious in appearance，he never fails to be interesting. Often he is clever，sometimes even______ and gay…A. worriedB. brightC. discouragingD. friendly11. As it turned out，my little publication went on to become Student，a national magazine for young peoplein the U.K. My wife and I have two children，and I‘d like to think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad ______ me.A. controlledB. comfortedC. remindedD. raised二、中心同现是指段落的首段的中心词或段落中反复出现的名词或名词词组,在被选空格内的句子中也重复出现或与其意思倾斜向;词汇同现是指属于同一词汇搭配范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。
完形填空虚词考点同义词辨析
例如：He changed trains at Shanghai for Fuzhou. 他在上海换车去福州。
in prep. “在……内；在……中”。表示位置时，将某处视为有明确界限的范围或者有空间的立体。常用于国家或地区。用于城市时，只将其作为目的地、永久居住地或相对较大的城市。在英国英语中，常用于街道等。
例如：We are going;yet (“in spite of all,some day”),we“ll return.
我们走了，但（不论怎么样，总有一天）我们会回来的。
2、hardly，barely，scarcely
这几个词汇都指“几乎不，勉勉强强”的意思。
hardly虽然常和其他两个词换用，但它强调所包含的困难。
8、at the back of , in the back of
at the back of 意为“在……之后”，往往意味着两物相距甚近。引申义为“做他的后盾”或“作为……背后的原因”。
例如：There is a school at the back of his house. 他家后面有所学校。
4、about,concerning,regarding,respecting
about prep. “关于，涉及”。通常能与本组歌词互换使用，无明显意义差别。
例如：My aunt has often spoken to me about you . 我的姑姑经常像我谈起你的情况。
concerning prep. “关于”。因往往保留其表示“影响”或“关切”等的原义，意思比about深一层。
例如：A lamp was hanging over the table. 桌子上方吊着一盏台灯。
完形填空之利用同义词、反义词、原词复现解题(三)专项训练-2022届高三英语一轮复习
完形填空之利用同义词、反义词、原词复现解题（三）在完形填空的一部分题目中，可以利用词汇复现(某一词在同一语篇中重复出现)解题，轻松确定正确答案，这些词汇复现包括:(1)原词复现:在上下文中同一词汇重复出现。
(2)同根词复现:词形变化的词汇复现。
(3)同义/近义词复现:意思相同，相近的表达方式，或者解释性的词汇复现。
(4)反义词复现，意思相反的表达方式对应复现。
(5)上下义词复现:总括与分述的词汇复现。
一、选出空白处的最佳选项1.Although peer pressure is sometimes quite obvious, it can also be so 33_that a person may not even notice that it is affecting his or her behavior.A.abstractB.ridiculousC.subtleD. reasonable2.You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a ___45___.A. theoryB. businessC. routineD. project3.And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I’ve also heard people worry about the mistakes they make when ___51___.A. singingB. workingC. bargainingD. learning4.Though he never made it to the top, his math teacher was always 46 and curious about the change: Why had that stormy day changed Joe?A. worriedB. amazedC. friendlyD. cautious5.The achievement of a particular goal makes you feel good and contributes to your52 . That is why exercise has been shown to build up your self-respect.A. abilityB. relationshipC. confidenceD. business6.It may not describe the original (最初的)design of a town. However, one may get some idea of what I49look like by walking around the town.A. used toB. seemed toC. had toD. happened to7.For me, it is simply that one gets a greater depth of pleasure by visiting and seeing a town with one’s own eyes. A54visit to a town may help one better understand why it is attractive than just reading about it in a guide-book.A.costlyB. formalC. groupD. personal8.Having a small hand and thick fingers, you may be comfortable with a thin pen. If you have a 42 hand and thicker fingers, you may prefer a fatter pen.A. strongerB. weakerC. smallerrger9.In the complex and technological society that the United Stated has become, each 42 must fulfill a number of personal and occupational roles and be in contact with many other member.A. parentB. memberC. familyD. relative10.Not all of these fairies are the friendly, people-loving characters that appear in Disney films, and in some folktales they are 22 and cause much human suffering.A. powerfulB. cruelC. frightenedD. extraordinary11.In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment, relying heavily on their teachers’ directions. In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they began to reflect 9 on many problems, some of which were not on the school program.A.directlyB. cleverlyC. voluntarilyD. quickly12.Many are concerned that gifted children become bored and lose interest in learning. However this concern is more often from parents and teachers than from students, and some of these adults simply conclude that special classes should be set up for those who are 13 .A. talentedB. worriedC. learnedD. interested13.The older I got, the more my passion (酷爱) for music grew. But I also began to gradually lose my 38 . Doctors concluded that the nerve damage was the cause and by age twelve, I was completely deaf.A. sightB. hearingC. touchD. taste14.Regardless of their dislike, I kept on planting my garden and ____51___to enjoy the pleasure gardening.A. decidedB. stoppedC. continuedD. struggled15.By the end of Grade 12,the group had more or less 41 into its final form, one that's remained remarkably complete for the past 20 years.A.brokenB.forcedC.separatedD. united16.Still, in British schools, it is required to study the poet, and when something is made compulsory, usually the result is _44_, resentment or both.A.loveB.boredomC.affectionD. regret17.Once again, she's able to pick up her granddaughters from school and take them to dance class. “I have got my 50 back and can live actively with my family now.”A.freedomB.imaginationC.patienceD.husband18.My little group hurried to get the food. As each box was carried in, the old woman oohed and aahed（欢天喜地）-much to her visitors＇＿29＿．A.surpriseB.disappointmentC.relaxationD.pleasure19.That stranger was Christy Cheung. who lived a few neighborhoods away in Gaithersburg. a 49 city of 70,000....Gaithersburg is a young and diverse community...BA.normalB.youngC.distantD.major20.An Australian health writer called Thea O'Connor is a founder of a campaign called Nap Now which is trying to make sleeping at work more_52_.She says:“I think that our culture is a bit crazy not to embrace it when people are working longer and harder.”CA.convenientB.significantC.acceptableD.extreme二、完形填空实战练习（一）Christmas2020 was a heartbreaking time for Melanie Lee.A few weeks earlier,her 33-year-old son had lost his_42 against a long illness. Then something went wrong with her car and she had no means of paying for it to be 43.“When it broke down, I broke down,” Lee told CNN, “Now I don't have my son, now I don't have transportation.How am I supposed to stay 44 in my grand children's lives?”Eliot Middleton,38,the owner of a 45 and former worker in a car factory,who repairs and 46 used cars in his free time. He'd heard about the Lee's problem from her nephew Frankthe Lee's home with a gift: asecond hand car.“I had no idea what was going on, ” said Lee.“He handed me the48 and didn't ask for anything.” Once again, she's able to49her granddaughters from school and take them to dance class. “I have got my 50 back and can live actively with my family now.”The idea for the used-car giveaway came to Middleton a year early during a food drive he's organized. Many of those who 51__ for a meal walked up to four miles to get there because they didn't have cars. He posted on Facebook an offer to trade food of his restaurant for broken-down cars. 52 ,friends and strangers have dropped off more than 100 cars in various states of disrepair.Many 53 in Middleton's yard waiting to be repaired and donated.“If you can just fix one problem to somebody, it gives them hope"Middleton said,“Don't think that something that you do won't affect someone in a great way, because the small thing is what adds up, so just do 54 you can.”“People think Elliot is55,”FrankMacClary told the Washington post.“And I 56 too".42.A.job B.battle C.belief D.hope43.A.settled B.equipped C.fixed D.solved44.A.active B.long C.awake D.youngpany B.hospital C.hotel D.restaurant46.A.gives up B.gives out C.gives off D.gives away47.A.undoubtedly B.unexpectedly C.unfortunately D.uncomfortably48.A.check B.money C.food D.key49. A. bring back B.pick up C.call on D.look after50.A.freedom B.imagination C.patience D.husband51:A.built up B.piled up C.stayed up D.lined up52.A.After that B.And then C.Since then ter on53.A.lie B.put C.display D.place54.A.whenever B.however C.whatever D.wherever55.A.a star B.an angel C.a composer D.a model56.A.do B.detect C.whisper D.digest（二）Eight years ago, Al Nixon decided to work for the city's water department. From then on, he would44 at 4:30 every morning, sitting for 2 hours on a bench with a good view of the waterfront of St.Petersburg,Florida.Nixon45it “life rising” because watching a46made him feelgood before starting his day.A year later, a woman stopped to say hello,and47 ,“Seeing you sitting here every morning,I know everything is going to be OK.” What she said changed Nixon's48 on his daily routine.After tha instead of49 straight ahead at the waterfront, Nixon started smiling at people and striking up 50 .Pretty soon, many early risers began 51_him on the bench, telling him about their worries and asking him for 52 about relationships, careers,and personal problems.“I was happy to listen,”Nixon, 59, said. “I wanted them to walk away53 they were notalone.”Nixon lends a(n)54 to whatever problem a person wants to share.A couple once55to talk about problems in their relationship. The husband was always working, rarely home, whiwas56 their marriage. Nixon told him, “My friend, if you go on like this,you are 57lose your wife.”The man 58that Nixon was right and agreed that he needed to slow down.His presence and his openness to listen have led some to nickname him the Sunshine Mayor.44.A.raise B.arise C.rise D.arouse45.A.recalled B.justified C.conveyed D.called46.A.sunrise B.sunset C.valley D.village47.A.declared B.added C.bowed D.yawned48.A.perspective B.detective C.motive D.alternative49.A.glaring B.aiming C.staring D.driving50.A. clients B.conversations C.superiors D.evaluations51.A.swinging B.seizing C.engaging D.joining52.A.analysis B.recognition C.definition D.advice53.A.imagining B.intending C.feeling D.convincing18 54.A.heart B.ear C.eye D.hand55.A.came by B.weighed up C.sorted out D.spied on56.A.sheltering B.acknowledging C.sustaining D.ruining57. A. reliable B.likely C.ashamed petent58.A.predicted B.admitted C.opposed D.rejected（三）Why did the orangutan （猩猩）cross the road？That＇s not the start of a joke but a question being asked by scientists studying these brilliant apes.Brent Loken who runs a group called Integrated Conservation used camera traps to research into orangutans. That group protects42_ animals in Borneo,the largest island in Asia. Camera traps work by taking a quick photo,when something moves in front of them In Borneo, scientists use the photos to_43_what the rare orangutans do when people aren't44_?Scientists have been studying orangutans in the rainforests for decades. And their data had suggested that the animals almost always traveled through the_45.They were_46_seen walking on the forest floor. Yet when Loken looked at the photos from his team's camera traps he got surprised that the apes were walking on the ground＿47＿using logging roads（运材道路）and paths built by people.Were these animals simply_48_ to walk on the ground because logging had left too many_49_? Or did they_50_down logging roads as convenient short cut?“More_51__is needed"People are removing trees for logging plantations and the building of the cities. The new findings suggest orangutans might be able to learn to_52_with some of these changes in their 53_. It doesn't mean the animals can survive_54_forests. But it does suggest there might be ways to log forests in a way that won't greatly_55__these apes.Stepbanie Spehar, primatologist at the University of Wisconsin Oshkosh agrees.“The new study doesn't me an they're fine in areas with no trees” she says. “Orangutans clearly need the forest to_56_.42.A.endangered B.classified C.transformed D.abandoned43.A.look on B.call on C.spy on D.take on44.A.alone B.around C.absent D.alongside45.A.valleys B.treetops C.passages D.woods46.A.rarely B.merely C.frequently D.occasionally47.A.ever B.even C.thus D.only18.A.permitted manded C.forced D.tutored49.A.routes B.branches C.gaps D.cracks50.A.settle B.knock C.rattle D.wander51.A.independence B.insurance C.significance D.convenience52.A live B.link C.agree D.stay53.A.forest B.habitat C.region D.colony54.A.against B.without C.within D.across55.A.destroy fort C.disturb D.interrupt56.A.conserve B.preserve C.reserve D.survive（四）It was the district sports meet. My foot still hadn't healed from a(n) 41 injury.I had 42 whether or not I should attend the meet.But there I was, 43 for the 3,000-meter run.“Ready... set...”The gun popped and we were off. The other girls rushed ahead of me. I felt 44 as I fell father and father behind.“Hooray!” shouted the crowd. It was the loudest cheer I had ever heard at a meet. The first-place runner was two laps ahead of me when she crossed the finish line.“Maybe I should 45_,”I thought as I moved on. 46,I decided to keep going.During the last two laps,I ran47 and decided not to48_in track next year. It wouldn't be worth it,49 my foot did heal.When I finished, I heard a cheer louder than the one I'd heard earlier.I turned around and 50enough.the boys were preparing for their race. “They must cheering for the boys.”I was leaving 51 several girls came up to me. “Wow,you've got courage!” One of them told me.“Courage?I just 52 a race!"I thought."I would have given up on the first lap," said another girl. “We were cheering for you.Did you hear us?”Suddenly I regained hope.I decided to 53 track next year. I realized strength and courage aren't always measured in medals and victories, but in the_54 we overcome. The strongest people are not always the people who win,55 the people who don't give up when they lose.41.A.slighter B.worse C.earlier D.heavier42.A.expected B.supposed C.imagined D doubtedte B.eager C.ready D.thirsty44.A.ashamed B.astonished C.excited D.frightened45.A.slow down B.drop out C go on D.speed up46.A.Therefore B.Otherwise C.Besides D.However47.A.in delight B.in fear C.in pain D.in advance48.A.play B.arrive C.race D.attend49.A.even if B.only if C.what if D.as if50.A.well B.sure C.surprisingly D.strangely51.A.while B.when C.as D.since52.A.finished B.won C.passed D.lost53.A.hold with B.break with C.begin with D.stick with54.A.sadness B.struggles C.diseases D.tiredness55.A.or B.nor C.and D.but答案：一、选出空白处的最佳选项1.A2.C3.C4.D5.C6.B7.C8.A9.D 10.D11.B 12.B 13.A 14.A 15.B16.C 17.D 18.B 19.A 20.D二、完形填空实战练习（一）BCADD BDBAD CACBA（二）CDABA CBDDC BADBB（三）ACBBA BCCDD ABBCDCDCAB DCCAB BDDBD。
完形填空技能突破05：同、近义或者反义辨析
完形填空技能突破05：同、近义或者反义辨析高中英语考试说明的命题要求明确指出：“完形填空考查学生的阅读理解能力和词汇的综合运用能力，所选语言材料要有利于考生进行语篇分析，要保证本大题有较好的区分度。
”该题形要求高中生必须具备快速阅读理解一篇抽去相当数量词汇文章的内容领悟能力和分析推断能力，综合运用所学语法知识、词汇辨析能力，常识和逻辑推理能力，和具有一定的跨文化交际意识和能力。
词汇辨析能力：词汇辨析能力的考查主要集中在名词，动词，形容词和副词上，选项往往以同义词，近义词，反义词或拼写相近容易混淆词的形式出现。
其中，由于篇章中会带有作者主观的意识，因此在形容词或者副词的考查上会出现感情色彩的辨析。
同、近义词或者反义词：在阅读完形填空的文章过程中，有时会发现一些与选项意义紧密相连的同义词、近义词、反义词。
因此，要学会充分利用这些词提供的有效信息进行合理的推测判断，选出正确的答案。
We have been driving in fog all morning, but the fog is lifting now. The little seaside village are ______ , one by one.A．appearing B. moving C. exposing D .expanding 【解析】此题主要考查appear和expose的近义词的辨析。
根据上文but the fog is lifting now，可知雾开始消散了，得知该句的所要表达的含义为“海边的小村庄一个接着一个的显露出来。
”，可以直接排除move移动；expand 使膨胀。
因expose 使暴露，一般用被动语态；appear 出现，显露，没有被动语态，得出正确答案为A。
基础练习1、He then walked ____ without even finishing his food.A. onB. aroundC. upD. away2、She often sees double and can’t __38__ how far away things are.A. tellB. guessC. assumeD. predict3、That morning, however, the process didn't ____ quickly.A. goB. beginC. occurD. change4、“You shouldn’t __24__ what people say about what you look like because we’re not different from anyone else, Holly,”A. write downB. agree withC. pass onD. listen to5、She is presently at level 7 while the highest is level 10 in gymnastics. Her __52__ is to reach level 9.A. standardB. rangeC. viewD. goal基础巩固1、__46__ the hill and across the valley, she rode to the __47__ of the golden house.46. A. Over B. Down C. Around D. Beside47. A. windows B. steps C. center D. gate2、He was turning to leave when suddenly he ____ a hot breath about his ear.A. tookB. releasedC. feltD. drew3、Then through the hospital I was __21__ to a chil dren’s burns camp, where children like me can get any help. There, I __22__ 14-year-old Stephanie, whose burns are a lot more serious than mine.21A. promoted B .introduced C. reported D. carried 22A. met B. recognized C. remembered D. caught4、Such is Dad—whether problem he ____, he never gives up.A. meets withB. brings upC. works outD. thinks about5、When I was just 20 months old, I suffered serious __13__ after a bowl full hot oil fell on my head.A. hunger B .cold C. defeats D. burns6、With my suitcase ____ and some sandwiches in a bag, I started for the front door and said to Mom, “ I’m leaving.”A. packed B .returned C. cleaned D. repaired7、She __53__ and all of a sudden she saw an amazing __54__. There on the other side of the valley was a little house and its windows were golden.53. A. turned around B. cheered up C. settled down D. dropped in54. A. hill B. valley C. background D. sight8、I went to a group activity, “Sensitivity Sunday”, which was to make us more ____ the problems faced by disabled people.A. curious aboutB. interested inC. aware ofD. careful with9、Her biggest ____ is the balance beam. Because she has double vision, she often sees tow beams.A. doubtB. advantageC. challengeD. program10、I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road ____ the Potomac River in West Virginia.A. atB. throughC. overD. round完形填空技能突破05：同、近义或者反义辨析基础练习【答案解析】1、【解析】D。
完形填空解题技巧2同现和复现
(2008广东)
22. A. powerful B. cruel
C. frightened D. extraordinary 23.A. sick B. slim C. short D. small 2. No more (24) _B_ , confusing passwords to remember or change every few months. (07广东) A. simple B. complicated C. special D. useful
38. A. dust B. water C. grass D. bush 40. A. tired B. drunk C. lonely D. lazy
6. When I began to move to Auckland to study, my
mother was worried about a lack of jobs and cultural
3. Three of those rich man and their servants were traveling together on a road when they came to a very (28) _B__ village. The first could not stand seeing the poverty…(2011陕西) A. faraway B. poor C. different D. ancient
词场的同现、复现关联
• 原词关联（复现） • 同义、近义关联（同现） • 反义关联（同现） • 上下义关联（即总分关系）（同现） • 语义场关联（即语境关联）（同现）
2024年秋季新改编人教版七年级上册 完形填空做题技巧+专题训练(含答案)
完形填空做题技巧+专题训练完形填空是中高考常见的一种题型，是中学生最为棘手的题型之一。
它既考查对语法、词汇、习语、句型、搭配等基础知识的综合运用能力，又考查对短文的阅读理解能力。
其中包括在具体的语境中灵活运用语言知识的能力，根据试题内容进行正确的逻辑推理，综合判断和分析概括的能力。
完形填空题的两空之间一般相隔7-10个词，短文第一个句子一般不设填空题。
完形填空考查题型有：1、上下文直接信息题。
2、词义辨析题。
3、词、句、意结合题。
4、语法知识和固定短语考查题。
5、行文逻辑和全文中心把握题。
对于完形填空，通常做题者从总体上把握文章主旨，接受作者所传达的信息与情感，针对完形填空，提出了各种多层次、全方位的理解技法，其中以总体把握法、词语搭配法、语法判定法、语境联想法、举例对比法最为重要。
这里首先讲解以下四种解题法：1.总体把握要通读完形填空的短文，跳过空格快速阅读，了解全篇的主要内容。
切不可把宝贵的时间浪费在个别字句推敲上。
2.弄清体裁文章体裁通常分为四种：论述文、记叙文、说明文和应用文。
中考选文以叙事性文章为主，如：幽默故事、科普知识、童话、简短新闻、名人轶事、社会热点问题等。
读这类文章，要大体上了解故事所涉及的时间、地点、人物、事件及前因后果。
3.重视主题句完形填空所用的短文一般不给标题，但短文的主题句，往往在每段文章的首句，有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处。
主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等，这是深入了解全文的“窗口”，甚至能以语句为立足点，从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。
4.语境联想利用上下文的提示，用学过的知识和已有的生活经验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。
一般说来有以下三种解题技法：1.词语搭配（1）从语法角度来说，句子不是词的序列，而是词组的序列。
（2）因搭配关系而产生的一般性词汇。
如：see a film（3）词序和意义皆以固定的复合词和动词短语。
如：push ahead with(奋力前行)。
完形填空中的熟词新义
动词部分 一 serve 熟义:服务 僻义: 端上饭,菜 酒等 对……起作用
Clearly I had made mistakes. I had started the evening wanting to have a happy time with my daughter but had allowed my desire to win to become more important than my relationship with my daughter. When I was a child, my desire to win 34 me well. As a parent, I realized that it got in my way. So I had to change.
reach it. After 37 the British flag at the Pole,
they took a photograph of themselves before
they started the 950-mile journey back. 37．A．growing B．putting
40 A developed B taken C washed D loaded
Now, please understand that we have no written service rules __43_lost photos in the park. 43 A covering B finding
C making D keeping Fortunately, She asked the woman to leave her a couple rolls of __47 film, promising she would take care of the rest of our show at Polynesian Luau. 47 A printed B shot
妙招7 针对完形填空,区分4类易错词汇 【高中英语背计系列1 阅读中的常见词汇】
背计系列1 阅读中的常见词汇妙招7 针对完形填空，区分4类易错词汇一、形近词与义近词——辨清记牢形近词或义近词常常出现在高考完形填空题的选项中，因此考生需要特别注意区分，应将其熟记于心。
①live adj. 现场直播的，活的living adj. 活着的；健在的，在使用的alive adj. 活着的，有活力的lively adj. 生气勃勃的②sensible adj. 明智的，合理的sensitive adj. 敏感的，灵敏的，体贴的③special adj. 特别的，专用的particular adj. 专指的，格外的specific adj. 明确的，特定的④effective adj. 有效的，实际的efficient adj. 效率高的⑤rough adj. 粗糙的，粗略的，粗暴的tough adj. 艰难的，坚强的⑥continual adj. 连续的，频繁的continuous adj. 连续的(指从不间断的)repeated adj. 重复的⑦considerable adj. 相当多(或大、重要等)的considerate adj. 体谅的，考虑周到的⑧respectable adj. 值得尊敬的，相当好的expected adj. 预期的respectful adj. 尊敬的，表示敬意的respected adj. 受尊敬的respective adj. 分别的，各自的⑨likely adj.可能的likable adj.可爱的dislike v．不喜欢alike adj.相似的unlike adj. 不同的⑩quantity n．数量quality n．质量⑪camp n．宿营champion n．冠军campaign n．运动campus n．(大学、学院的)校园⑫bank n．银行，库，河畔band n．乐队bond n．关系brand n．品牌⑬ash n．灰烬 cash n．现金 crash v．碰撞⑭sigh v．& n．叹气signal n．信号v．发信号，表明sign n．标志，迹象v．签署⑮flight n．航班，飞行fright n．害怕frighten v．使惊吓fight v．&n.打架，打仗⑯advance v．& n. 前进，进步adventure n．冒险advertise v．做广告advantage n. 优点⑰biology n．生物，生物学biography n．传记⑱lie→lay→lain→lying 躺，位于lie→lied→lied→lying 撒谎lay→laid→laid→laying 下(蛋)，产(卵)，安放，搁delay→delayed→delayed→delaying推迟⑲star n．星 stare v．凝视 starve v．(使)挨饿⑳explain v．解释complain v．抱怨plain n．平原adj.平凡的，极普通的offend v．冒犯defend v．防御○21rise v．上升raise v．提升，饲养○22arise v．产生praise v．表扬arouse v. 激起amaze v．使惊奇amuse v．(使)娱乐○23attract v．吸引attack v．攻击○24affect v．影响(主要指一时的影响，着重影响的动作，可指一般意义的影响，也可指○25不良影响)effect n. 影响influence v．& n．影响(主要指对行为、性格、观点等产生间接的或潜移默化的影响)二、常考易混短语——对比识记以下是需要考生认真记忆的几组完形填空高频易混短语：①above all最重要的是in all总共②adjust (oneself) to (使……)适应……adapt ... for ... 把……改编成……③apply for申请apply to适用于④in addition另外in addition to除……以外(还)⑤at the cost of 以……为代价at all costs 不惜任何代价⑥carry out执行carry on继续做⑦check in登记check out结账离开⑧come across(偶然)遇见come to共计come out出现，出版come true实现，达到come round/around 苏醒come to life 变得活跃⑨in vain白费力气in return作为回报in turn轮流in detail详细地in common共有，公有in demand有需求的⑩rather than＝instead of 而不是other than＝except 除了⑪show off炫耀，卖弄show up如约赶到，出现⑫turn down拒绝turn to转向，求助于⑬break down 出故障，使分解(为)break in强行进入，打断break through突破⑭make sense 有道理，有意义make a difference 有作用/关系/影响make a (...) living 过(……的)生活⑮put aside储存，保留put away将……收起，积蓄put forward提出put off推迟，延迟put up with 容忍，忍受⑯in contrast对比起来on the contrary与此相反⑰draw in (列车等)到达，(天)渐黑draw near接近，靠近draw on凭借draw up 起草三、一词多义或熟词生义——强记生僻义以下是完形填空题中常考的多义词(生僻义项加黑标示)：①fix v．安装，使固定；修理；确定②add v．加；继续说，补充说③apply v．申请；应用；涂，敷④reach v．到达；实现；伸手；与……取得联系⑤save v．拯救；储蓄；节约；避免⑥stand v．站立；忍受 n．货摊；态度，立场⑦work v．工作；奏效；产生……作用；运行，运转⑧agree with同意；(与……)一致；适合⑨arm n．手臂 v．武装⑩attend v t.&v i.出席；看护，照料⑪dear adj.亲爱的；昂贵的int.天哪⑫help v．帮助；避免，抑制⑬matter n．事情，问题，麻烦事；物质 v．有关系，要紧⑭trick v．欺骗 n．诡计；恶作剧；技巧，诀窍⑮pick up捡起；(车船)中途搭人；(不经意间)学会；增加⑯make up构成，组成；化妆；编造；和解四、常见障碍词汇——多查多记以下是篇章类材料中常常被考生忽视的词汇，需要特别关注。
初中英语完形填空题的解题窍门
初中英语完形填空题的解题窍门初中英语完形填空题的解题窍门英语完形填空一直是初中英语课程教学的重要内容，同时更是提升和培养学生英语综合能力的重要措施和途径。
下文论述中，笔者结合自身教学管理经验，围绕初中英语完形填空解题的技巧和要点展开了论述，希望能够促进初中学生英语成绩及英语水平的提高。
与高中英语完形填空相比，初中英语完形填空可能更为侧重词汇和词组表达的考究。
要想做好初中英语完形填空，一定要把握好“整体为指导，积累为要领”的原那么，注意以下几个要点：初中英语完形填空解题技巧教学中，教师往往更为注重“技巧”，而忽略了最根本的“积累”。
所有技巧都是基于“根底”之上的，没有根底积累的技巧，就是空壳子，没有实质性的内容。
认识到词汇根底积累的重要性还远远不够，从现阶段初中英语课程教学及学生词汇积累的现状来看，教师在词汇教学上依然存在死板、灵活度不够等问题，直接导致了学生词汇积累及记忆效率的低下。
针对存在的问题，教师一定要着眼于创新，结合时代开展潮流，为学生开辟更多的词汇记忆渠道，如一些App的应用，或者通过当下较为流行的要素，展开词汇教学，可以是一首流行歌曲，也可以是一个情景故事。
这样一来，不仅能够加深学生对词汇的记忆，还能有效地帮助学生稳固词汇的使用方法。
除了注重词汇根底的积累外，日常教学中，教师还应对学生的思维进行有效训练，帮助学生形成“完形填空”式的上下推敲思维。
大家都知道，完形填空所缺的就是那么几个关键词，文章上下文都给出来，要求学生将正确的词语选进去。
在日常阅读教学中，我们总是会碰到一些不认识的'词汇。
一般情况下，如果学生遇到不认识的单词，都会习惯性地拿出字典或是其他工具书进行查阅。
但是如果要利用阅读教学训练学生的完形填空思维的话，便要换一种方式开展生词教学。
在初次阅读过程中，教师可以让学生将不认知的词勾画出来，但是要尽力去理解整句话的意思；在通读一遍文章后，教师可以将学生遇到的生词挑选出来，并将相关语句出来，作为一个专题训练，各个击破。
完形之同义词、反义词、原词复现解题技巧(知识梳理)
完形之同义词、反义词、原词复现解题技巧题型介绍完形填空是全国各地高考英语必考题型之一。
完形填空题的4个备选答案，一般都属于同一词类、同一语义范畴，而且往往都和设空前后的单词形成某种搭配，这样便形成了很强的迷惑性和干扰性。
设空的答案有的由一个句子决定，有的由相邻不远的一组句子决定，还有的由语篇内容综合决定。
设空又可分为三类：前制性设空；后制性设空；语篇性设空。
前制性设空难度低，后制性设空难度较高，语篇性设空难度最高，有的答案提示一直到篇末才出现。
一般说来，三个层次的设空比例各占三分之一。
从近年来的高考试题看，语篇层次设空的比例超过了三分之一，反映出“突出语篇”的命题思路。
考生要逾越这些难点，不仅需要具备熟练扎实的词句知识，而且需要具备很强的阅读理解能力以及逻辑推理、判断分析的能力。
从深层来讲还要具备良好的语言经验和自觉的语言意识。
只有具备了这些综合素质，考生才能顺利“完形”。
从历年高考试题看，正是由于试题的这些特点使这一题型体现了很好的区分度。
为了让考生迅速进入主题，为理解文章奠定基础，命题者在设计完形填空题时，总是保留一个完整或基本完整的句子不设空。
这个不设空的句子就是提示句，往往出现在文章的开头。
通过提示句，考生可以确定文章的话题、主题、背景、人物、时间、地点、事件等，也可以确定文体，从而适当地把握文章的发展方向。
解题技巧在解答完型填空题时，可以从以下三个方面入手：快读全文，整体理解全文大意。
首先在不看选项的情况下，快速阅读整篇文章，了解全文大意。
一般短文的第一句不设空，要认真、重点理解这一句的意思，了解文章背景，理清文章内容的线索。
若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味；若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。
高考英语 完形填空高频近义词的辨析
------!值得拥有！------精品文档完形填空高频近义词的辨析高考英语2012词义相其特点是四个选项都属于名词，这类试题属于义近形异名词的辨析。
对所给四个名词作出确切中文解其主要考查考生在具体的语境中，同或者相近。
下面列举一些容易混淆的名词：并对其细微差异作出准确判断的能力。
释的同时,matterincident, (1)event, affair,结构中any event in that event, in ,event意为（尤指）重要事情，大事用在替换。
的时候,可与case用于表示突发事件或偶然发生,发生的事情,严重事件，暴力事件incident意为的事件。
s affairsof ,affair意为公共事务，政治事务，事件风流韵事,如:a love affair,tate。
这只:It 意为事情,问题,事态，关乎……的事情。
如is a matter of time.matterpower, energy (2)force, 是个时间问题。
strength, 力的意思。
energy force, strength, power, 都有法律应当in force. should 如force 强调力所产生的实际效果, : The law remain有效力。
他是个大strengthof a He 体力，力量，力气, 如: is man great 指strength力士。
, power 指能力，控制着重行动所依据的能力或职权。
它超出了我的职权。
power. my s 'It如: beyond------值得收藏！!珍贵文档------------值得拥有！------精品文档!能量。
, 用于人时则指精力energy 原是物理学上的术语energy. 他精力充沛地工作。
worked with great 如: He，award(3)reward这两个词都可以用作名词和动词，作名词时，意义相近，但不是同义词。
高考英语：完形填空满分训练---同义反义专题
高考英语：完形填空满分训练---同义反义专题2017年高考倒计时第13天。
今天分享我的内部培训讲义。
完形训练第二章---同义反义专题。
命题思路高考完形填空题的主要考查词汇的用法，侧重于通过一些与选项意义紧密相连的同义词，近义词和反义词，来提供推理和判断的有效信息。
解题方法联系上下文，找到同义词、同义结构或反义词，特别是多次出现的关键词，再结合语境，选出最佳答案。
典例集萃(2016全国III)When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant ______ Miller King, who was the best (player) at our school....Damaged but not defeated, he was (still) ahead of me.A.cheering forB.beating outC. relying onD.staying with【解析】B。
同义结构not defeated 和ahead of在下文复现，构成解题暗示点。
我想成为球队明星，必须打败beating out Miller。
Miller后来受伤了，但是并没有被打败not defeated。
Cheering for 为...欢呼；beating out打败；relying on依靠；staying with与...呆在一起。
故选B。
(2016全国I) One more look and he noticed (flames) shooting out from under the ______vehicle....They (then) heard a woman’s voice coming from t he wrecked (毁坏的) rrywent above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle!A. usedB. disabledC. removedD. abandoned【解析】B。
完形填空重要技巧(之复现与同现)
同现、复现在完形填空中的应用一,词汇的同现根据德国学者J． Trier 的理论，“词可以在一个共同概念的支配下结合在一起形成一个语义场”。
语言中与同一部分现实相联系的这种既联接又区分的关系把若干个词义构成一个大小不等的同目义群,语言学家称之为语义场（semantically field)。
语义场中的词与词之间的语义关系是相互依存的(interdependent）。
每个词的意义在很大程度上取决于在语义场上所占的位置。
因此，词汇的同现指的是意义上相关的词汇出现在同一语篇中,构成以某一话题为中心的词汇连。
四级考试的命题中也渗透了这种原则.例如：① I have no doubt that virtually all of these people were ____ in school that the earth revolves around the sun； they may even have written it on a test．( CET－4 2001．1 ）四个备选项为：advised； suggested;learned； taught由于句意的限制，这里可与school 形成同一语义场的词项有： learned 和 taught。
有根据语法知识，learn做及物动词时不能以人为动作的承受者。
因此本题答案为“taught”。
而这种用法并非偶然.请看下例：② Furthermore， these highways generally connect large urban centers which mean that they become crowded with ____ traffic during rush hours．（ CET－41990．1 )四个备选项为：large； fast； light； heavy本句与traffic 这个话题构成词汇链的词项为 light 和 heavy。
人教版高中英语完形填空一词多义、易混词组、近义同义词归纳汇总
人教版高中英语完形填空一词多义、易混词组、近义/同义词归纳辨析一、一词多义识记辨析appeal to 呼吁；对......有吸引力break down 出故障；分解break in 插嘴；闯入call on 号召；拜访call for 要求；号召；需要give away 分发；泄漏；赠送get through 完成；通过go through 浏览；经历；穿过get away 走开；逃脱get over 克服；恢复hold back 阻挡；控制hold up 举起；阻挡keep an eye on 留意；照看look through 浏览；看透let out发出；泄漏look up 向上看；查阅lead to 通向；导致look into 往......里面看；调查lie in 位于；在于out of order 乱七八糟；出了故障put away 拿好；存钱pick out 挑选；认出pick up 捡起；让…搭车；顺便学会put on 穿衣；上演；增重pay off 还清；有回报refer to提及；参考；查阅set out 着手；出发stand by 支持；袖手旁观set off 出发；引爆take down 拿下；记下 ...... take in 吸收；招纳；招聘turn over 翻转；颠覆turn down 调小；拒绝take off 脱衣服；起飞turn up 调高；出现take care 小心；保重work out 计算出；解决二. 常见易混词组辨析in a word 总之in words 口头上a most 一个非常的the most 最......的in class 在课堂上in the class 在班上by sea 通过海路by the sea 在大海边in office 任职in the office 在办公室里make sense 有道理make sense of 理解hear from 收到......来信hear about 听说charge..with 指控charge...for... 要价/收费before long不久之后long before 很久之前a second 再一次；又一次the second 第二次by bus 乘坐公共汽车on the bus 在公共汽车上be tired of 对......厌倦be tired from 因......疲惫think about 思考；考虑think of 思考；想起；认为in charge of 负责；主管in the charge of 由......负责/掌管in front of 范围外的前面in the front of 范围内的前部for a moment 片刻；一会儿for the moment 目前；暂时take advantage of 利用have an advantage over 比......有优势be concerned about 担心；关心be concerned with 与......有关out of question 毫无疑问；没问题out of the question 不可能have a word with sb. 与某人谈话have words with sb. 与某人吵架be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格be strict in/about sth. 对某事严格hand in 上交hand...to...把......交给call on拜访(人)call at参观(地)三、近义/同义词组归纳辨析in all / in total 总共turn on / switch on打开knock at / knock on敲门hear of / hear about 听说on show / on display 展览tear down / pull down拆毁in danger / at risk 处于危险laugh at / make fun of 取笑call on / appeal to呼吁/号召dream of / dream about梦见，梦想by accident / by chance意外地get to / arrive in / arrive at到达be afraid of / be scared of 害怕make money / earn money赚钱call on / pay a visit to参观/访问on the spot / on the scene在现场make a living / earn a living谋生work out / figure out解决/计算出in a mess / out of order 乱七八糟的instead of / in place of替代；代替be filled with / be full of充满/装满out of date / out of fashion过时的focus on / concentrate on集中精神accuse...of... / charge...with... 指控deal with / do with / cope with处理look for / search for / hunt for寻找serve as / act as / work as充当/担任be short of / be lacking in匮缺/短缺by oneself / on one’s own单独；独自tell...from... / distinguish...from. 区分.head for / leave for / set off for动身去make use of / take advantage of 利用set aside / put away存钱/ 放在一边live a ... life / lead a... life 过着......生活in this way / by this means 用这种方法lie in / be located in / be situated in位于team up with / co-operate with与......合作look out (for) / watch out (for) 小心/提防depend on / rely on / count on依赖/指望at the cost of / at the price of 以......为代价succeed in doing / manage to do成功做到at once / right away / in no time马上/立即think highly of / speak highly of高度评价be equal to / be qualified for / be up to胜任show respect for / look up to对......表示尊重apologize to / make an apology to 向......道歉disagree with / object to / disapprove of反对set about (doing) / get down to (doing) 着手(做) pay attention to / take notice of 留意到/注意到turn to sb. (for help) / seek help from sb求助于be confident of / have confidence in对......有信心care sb. to death / frighten sb. to death吓死某人sbe in trouble / get into trouble遇到麻烦/陷入困境at times / from time to time / once in a while 有时候have much to do with / be closely related to关系密切have a trip to / make a trip to / take a trip to 去......旅游lead to / result in / bring about / contribute to 导致/带来all kinds of / a variety of / a wide range of 各种各样的be tired of / be bored with / be fed up with对......厌倦run into / bump into / knock into / come across偶遇/邂逅be good for / be beneficial to / do good to对......有益/有利in a way / in some way / to some degree在一定的程度上be responsible / be in charge of / take charge of对......负责be busy with / be occupied with / be engaged in忙于某事be crazy about / be keen on / be enthusiastic about 热衷于make an impression on / leave an impression on给......留下印象be harmful to / be bad for / do harm to / do damage to对......有害be interested in / take an interest in / show an interest in 对......感兴趣have an effect on / have an impact on / have an influence on对......有影响in brief / in short / in conclusion / in a word / all in all / on the whole 总之in fact / in truth / in practice / in reality / as a matter of fact实际上/事实上be good at / be skilled in / do well in / have a good command of擅长/精通get used to / get accustomed to / adapt (oneself) to / adjust (oneself) to 习惯/适应。
完形填空做题技巧
目录一、题型介绍和命题特点 (2)二、能力要求 (2)三、解题步骤 (3)四、解题技巧 (3)1.首句 (3)2.根据叙述关系 (3)3.联系上下文 (4)4.单词 (5)5.短语 (5)五、小结 (5)六、附录 (6)1.常用衔接词/短语 (6)2.相似词组辨析 (6)3.相似单词辨析 (7)一、题型介绍和命题特点1.完形填空(Cloze)的命题原理是格式塔心理学,强调整体感知和对文章从语义上的整体把握。
一篇文章一般为250词左右，20个空，15-18分钟做完为宜。
2.试题文章类型包括记叙文、议论文、说明文，常为夹叙夹议，在处理这类文章时要求学生把握客观事实的同时，感悟作者的态度和情感。
3.从近几年的高考试题看，完型填空以语义空格为主，对语法部分的考察相对弱化，主要考察词义理解与辨析。
二、能力要求三、解题步骤四、解题技巧1.首句为了帮助学生进入语境，完型的首句不会挖空，一定要细读首句，通过首句获得时间、地点、人物起因等要素。
2.根据叙述关系（常见词见附录）①递进：firstly,secondly,finally,besides,in addition,moreover,furthermore, then...②因果：because,for,since,as,thus,therefore,hence,consequentlyas a result,...③转折：but,while,however,instead of,rather than...④语气副词：still,even,yet,already3.联系上下文①根据上文中出现过的词，可以直接选相同的词，或根据作者的表述选相应的近义词或反义词。
例1：One morning,Mike went to Robert with a map of an island,Robert drew a cross in the middle of.A.the islandB.the houseC.the treasureD.sea解析：一天早上，Mike带着一张岛屿的地图去了Robert家，Robert在…的中间画了一个十字，上文说是一张岛屿的地图，所以可以直接选择A。
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高中新课程完形填空的技能考查技能考查简介普通高中课程改革英语学科教学指导意见指出：高中英课程的总目标之一是培养学生的综合语言运用能力；语言技能和语言知识是综合语言运用能力的基础。
并因此而着重提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力，特别注重提高学生用英语进行思维和表达的能力；形成跨文化交际的意识和基本的跨文化交际能力。
高中英语考试说明的命题要求明确指出：“完形填空考查学生的阅读理解能力和词汇的综合运用能力，所选语言材料要有利于考生进行语篇分析，要保证本大题有较好的区分度。
”因此，高考完形填空题这种题型的设置是检验课程实施效果的方法之一。
该题形要求高中生必须具备快速阅读理解一篇抽去相当数量词汇文章的内容领悟能力和分析推断能力，综合运用所学语法知识、词汇辨析能力，常识和逻辑推理能力，和具有一定的跨文化交际意识和能力。
具体考查技能如下：词汇辨析能力：词汇辨析能力的考查主要集中在名词，动词，形容词和副词上，选项往往以同义词，近义词，反义词或拼写相近容易混淆词的形式出现。
其中，由于篇章中会带有作者主观的意识，因此在形容词或者副词的考查上会出现感情色彩的辨析。
同、近义或者反义辨析和感情色彩词汇辨析能力（五）同、近义或者反义辨析同、近义词或者反义词：在阅读完形填空的文章过程中，有时会发现一些与选项意义紧密相连的同义词、近义词、反义词。
因此，要学会充分利用这些词提供的有效信息进行合理的推测判断，选出正确的答案e.g. (2013年福建)We have been driving in fog all morning, but the fog is lifting now. The little seaside village are36 , one by one.A．appearing B. moving C. exposing D .expanding【解析】此题主要考查appear和expose的近义词的辨析。
根据上文but the fog is lifting now，可知雾开始消散了，得知该句的所要表达的含义为“海边的小村庄一个接着一个的显露出来。
”，可以直接排除move移动；expand 使膨胀。
因expose 使暴露，一般用被动语态；appear 出现，显露，没有被动语态，得出正确答案为A。
一、小试牛刀：1、He then walked_ 42___without even finishing his food.42. A. on B. around C. up D. away2、She often sees double and can’t 38 how far away things are.38. A. tell B. guess C. assume D. predict3、That morning, however, the process didn't 20 quickly.20. A. go B. begin C. occur D. change4、“You shouldn’t 24 what people say about what you look like because we’re not different from anyone else, Holly,”24 A. write down B. agree with C. pass on D. listen to5、She is presently at level 7 while the highest is level 10 in gymnastics. Her 52 is to reach level 9. 52. A. standard B. range C. view D. goal【答案解析】1、【解析】D。
动词短语辨析。
He then walked____without even finishing his food（甚至没有吃完食物，然后他就走了）walk away 走开。
walk on 继续走，walk around四处走，walk up往上走，均不符合语境。
2、【解析】A。
动词辨析。
tell辨别；判定，guess 猜测；推测；assume假设，假定；predict 预言，预测。
根据上文的see double——看东西都是双影，指明Lola Walter不能辨别事物的距离。
A为正确选项。
3、【解析】A。
动词辨析。
事情进展如何，常用动词go，而不用begin, occur, change。
4、【解析】D。
短语词义辨析。
根据what people say about（人们说什么），可知是不要‘听’，因此选项D正确。
A. write sown 记下 B. agree with 同意 C. pass on 传递，均不符合语境。
5、【解析】D。
名词辨析。
她的目标是达到体操九级。
standard 标准；range 范围；view 视图风景；goal 目标，均不符合语境。
二、基础巩固：1、46 the hill and across the valley, she rode to the 47 of the golden house.46. A. Over B. Down C. Around D. Beside47. A. windows B.steps C. center D. gate2、He was turning to leave when suddenly he 39 a hot breath about his ear.39. A. took B. released C. felt D. drew3、Then through the hospital I was 21 to a children’s burns camp, where children like me can get any help. There, I 22 14-year-old Stephanie, whose burns are a lot more serious than mine.21 A. promoted B .introduced C. reported D. carried22 A. met B. recognized C. remembered D. caught4、Such is Dad—whether problem he 25 , he never gives up.25. A. meets with B. brings up C. works out D. thinks about5、When I was just 20 months old, I suffered serious 13 after a bowl full hot oil fell on my head.13 A. hunger B .cold C. defeats D. burns【答案解析】1、【解析】B。
考查介词的辨析。
A. Over 通过，B. Down 向下， C. Around，周围，D. Beside 在旁边。
由“ across the valley”和“ rode to…house”骑车得先下山，才能穿过山谷，骑回家。
故答案是B。
2、【解析】C。
考查动词辨析。
A. took 带走，B. released 释放，D. drew 拉。
根据本句a hot breath about his ear. 可推知本空C项felt 正确。
，均不符合语境。
3、【解析】A。
考查动词辨析。
A. met 遇到，B. recognized 认出，C. remembered记起， D. caught 抓住。
根据前句可知作者去了一个儿童烧伤营，所以，她在那里应该是‘遇到’了一个女孩，因此可知选项A正确。
4、【解析】A。
考查动词短语辨析。
A. meets with遇见，B. brings up带大，C. works out算出，D. thinks about考虑。
本句意思是：无论他“遇到”什么难题，他都不会放弃。
四个选项的意思分别是：遇到，抚养，解出（难题），考虑，只有选项A符合句意。
5、【解析】。
考查名词辨析。
A. hunger 饥饿，B .cold 寒冷，C. defeats失败，D. burns烧伤。
根据a bowl full hot oil fell on my head，可知作者受的是‘烫伤’，因此D选项正确。
三、能力提高：1、By bad luck, my purse strap(带子) got 28 on a chair and the tray(托盘) that I was holding slipped 29 my hands and went flying in the air.29. A. by B. in C. from D. out2、With my suitcase __36__ and some sandwiches in a bag, I started for the front door and said to M om, “ I’m leaving.”36. A. packed B .returned C. cleaned D. repaired3、She 53 and all of a sudden she saw an amazing 54 . There on the other side of the valley was a little house and its windows were golden.53. A. turned around B. cheered up C. settled down D. dropped in54. A. hill B. valley C. background D. sight4、I wen t to a group activity, “Sensitivity Sunday”, which was to make us more 36 the problems faced by disabled people.36. A. curious about B. interested in C. aware of D. careful with5、Her biggest 44 is the balance beam. Because she has double vision, she often sees tow beams.44. A. doubt B. advantage C. challenge D. program【答案解析】1、【解析】C。