西樵高级中学.
广东省佛山市南海区西樵高级中学2022-2023学年高二下学期3月第一次段考语文试题(含答案)
·23-350B·西樵高级中学2022-2023学年第二学期第一次段考高二语文考生注意：本试卷共150分，考试时间150分钟。
2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。
3.本试卷主要考试内容：部编版选择性必修中册第三、四单元，选择性必修下册第一单元.一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读I（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～5题。
材料一：2022年3月28日，美国发布的《2022年国防战略》报告中的事实清单显示，美国国防部将采取紧急行动以维持和加强对中国的威慑。
美国把中国视为最重要的战略竞争对手，甚至视中国为比俄罗斯更重要的对手。
在俄乌冲突中，美国为了摧毁俄罗斯经济已经对其进行了制裁。
但由于中国在技术、空间研究领域的快速崛起，以及经济发展和文化影响力日益提高，中华文明在全世界的影响力越来越大，美国于是将中国置于更优先的竞争位置。
另外，随着全球化的深入发展，美国希望在单极世界中保持唯一超级大国的地位，不想分享任何权力，除非是像欧洲这样与美国立场完全一致的盟友。
然而，即使面对欧洲，美国也希望能凌驾于盟友之上。
相比之下，中国并不寻求世界主导地位。
中国希望建立一个多极世界，而且还希望通过“一带一路”倡议维系其所倡导的全球化模式，这一点非常重要。
西方国家似乎想要建立自己的全球化模式，但也有人认为美国最近正逐步放弃全球化理念。
笔者认为，美国想要的是保持其全球影响力，保障其在全球经济中的利益。
而中国的目的则具体得多，中国推出的"一带一路"倡议一方面是为了提高其影响力，另一方面则是带着为其他国家谋求经济利益的目的，而不是通过这一倡议来寻求主导地位。
至于俄乌冲突，美国有可能并不介意战争继续下去，因为美国认为这场战争将给自身带来好处，同时能够对俄罗斯产生不利后果。
与此同时，美元的优势地位正在下降，而其他几种货币则在升值。
当然，如何准确解读当今时代的各种现象还为时尚早，但气候变化、全球生态恶化以及其他一些事关人类未来的重大问题，正面临比以往任何时候都更严峻的挑战，而人类却在忙着明争暗斗，这是一种极大的悲剧和极度的不幸。
西樵高中住宿分类标准
西樵高中住宿分类标准摘要：I.引言- 西樵高中简介- 住宿分类标准的重要性II.住宿分类标准1.按照住宿类型分类a.学生宿舍b.教师公寓c.家长陪读房2.按照住宿价格分类a.经济适用型b.舒适型c.豪华型3.按照住宿设施分类a.基本设施b.舒适设施c.高级设施III.各类住宿的特点及适用人群1.学生宿舍a.价格实惠b.方便快捷c.适合经济条件有限的学生2.教师公寓a.安全可靠b.环境优雅c.适合教师及其家属3.家长陪读房a.亲情陪伴b.生活照顾c.适合需要家长照顾的学生IV.选择合适的住宿类型1.根据个人需求选择2.考虑经济承受能力3.结合学校实际情况V.结论- 总结住宿分类标准的重要性- 强调根据个人需求选择合适的住宿类型正文：西樵高中作为我国一所知名的高级中学，为学生和教师提供了多样化的住宿选择。
为了帮助大家更好地了解和选择适合自己的住宿类型，本文将详细介绍西樵高中的住宿分类标准。
首先，根据住宿类型，西樵高中的住宿可分为学生宿舍、教师公寓和家长陪读房。
学生宿舍以价格实惠、方便快捷为特点，适合经济条件有限的学生。
教师公寓则以安全可靠、环境优雅为亮点，适合教师及其家属。
家长陪读房以亲情陪伴、生活照顾为核心，适合需要家长照顾的学生。
其次，按照住宿价格，西樵高中的住宿可分为经济适用型、舒适型和豪华型。
经济适用型住宿以实惠的价格吸引了许多学生和家长的青睐。
舒适型住宿则在价格适中的基础上，提供了更为舒适的居住环境。
豪华型住宿则以高品质的设施和服务吸引了部分对生活品质有较高要求的人群。
最后，按照住宿设施，西樵高中的住宿可分为基本设施、舒适设施和高级设施。
基本设施主要包括床铺、书桌、衣柜等基本生活用品。
舒适设施则在此基础上增加了空调、热水器等家居设备。
高级设施则更为完善，提供了健身房、游泳池等休闲娱乐设施。
在选择合适的住宿类型时，大家需要根据个人需求、经济承受能力和学校实际情况进行综合考虑。
只有这样，才能确保住宿的舒适度和学习、生活质量。
2022-2023学年广东省佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高二下学期第一次段考英语试题
2022-2023学年广东省佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高二下学期第一次段考英语试题1. Now whether you’re looking for a weekend city break or a week in the sun, it is time to go somewhere special in 2023. Here, we’ve listed places for you.Feel like visiting somewhere a world away? Then visit Sydney. The perfect separation between city and beach life of this exciting and welcoming city will steal your heart away. Take the guided Sydney Harbor Discovery tour that explores the harbor from the east to the west. Then cycling across the Harbor Bridge, instead of driving or taking the subway, is the best way for visitors to enjoy the wonderful views on both sides of the bridge.For yet another holiday place, visit Edinburgh. With its wonderful old buildings, delicious food and busy nightlife, Edinburgh is a good place to visit. Take a private tour of traditional food and culture in an old shopping place. You can also take an Edinburgh private tour using the underground, created for you and your interests by a local guide. Edinburgh is an almost mixture of popular culture and English traditional culture.So, wherever you decide to head in 2023, be sure to sign up with an online travel website called Tripbeat, which will provide reasonable price for all your travel needs.If you are the members of Tripbeat, you can enjoy:HOTELS up to 60% off 600,000| hotels worldwideRESORT (度假胜地) stays only from £299 per week across the worldCAR HIRE with member — preferred priceACTIVITIES savings on over 345,000 across the world, handpicked for youTOURS up to 50% off over 50,000 private and group tours1. Why does the author advise visitors cross the Harbor Bridge by bike?A．They are fond of riding their bikes.B．They can better admire the splendid sights.C．They need to visit the bridge by themselves.D．They have no enough money to use other vehicles.2. What can you do in Edinburgh?A．Attend a famous festival. B．See local family shows.C．Meet local artists. D．Enjoy cultural integration.3. What can you get if you are a member of Tripbeat?A．Professional guides. B．Free group tours.C．A great deal of discount. D．Free rental cars.2. Getting through four years of college is a challenge for anyone, but for kids like Caleb Simmons, it seemed nearly impossible.Caleb didn’t even get into the University of Texas at Dallas the first time he applied. Once he did get in, though, his entire life seemed to collapse around him just as he was trying to find his footing at school. When his family lost their house during his freshman year, Caleb found himself homeless.“At some point, I couldn’t go to class. I really was about to just drop out,” he said. “We lost our house. I had nowhere to stay. I had no car at the time.”Finally, out of sheer desperatio n, Caleb turned to the school administration for help. That’s when he met Joann Chapin, a student solutions specialist on campus who made it her mission to help the young man find his footing. And on weekends and school breaks, Caleb spent his time with Joann and her children, growing so close that they now consider one another family.Four years after hitting rock bottom, Caleb not only graduated, but he was asked to deliver a speech to his classmates at graduation! He used the opportunity to thank his new “mom”, Joann, who sat front and center in his family section that day.During Caleb’s graduation speech, he called upon those dark days early on to convey a simple message to his peers: No matter how much poverty, or unfortunate circumstances a person can be put in, they can still make a better life for themselves. Opportunities can happen if you go for them. His next goal is to work for the college that helped him through his toughest times so that he can encourage teens living in poverty to reach their goals, as he did.1. Why was it nearly impossible for Caleb to graduate from college?A．He was abandoned by his family.B．He was on bad terms with his classmates.C．He lost shelter and was trapped in poverty.D．He failed to attend all the required classes.2. Which of the following can best describe Caleb?A．Determined and humorous. B．Grateful and sympathetic.C．Committed and creative. D．Realistic and ambitious.3. What is the best title for the text?A．Step out, Get Rid of SufferingB．Give a Hand, Make a DifferenceC．Build up Confidence, Get Through DifficultiesD．Overcome Homelessness, Graduate with Honors3. Surgeon General Dr. Vivek Murthy recently declared children’s mental health is a national crisis.In December 2021, Dr. Murthy issued a report to highlight the additional pressures the economic depression had put on the country’s youth, and the urgent need to address this. The impact of this crisis is far-reaching, and new research shows that it’s affecting parents’ well-being, plus their ability to succeed at work and provide for their families.“On Our Sleeves, a national movement that aims to break shame around children’s mental health, surveyed more than 3,000 working parents across the US and found that 8 in 10 parents have been very concerned about their child’s mental health and development or behavior in the past two years. Children’s mental health concerns have been hiding in plain sight for many years, surrounded by confusion and shame,” says Marti Bledsoe Post, the director of On Our Sleeves.The survey found that 53% of working parents have missed work at least once per month to deal with their children’s mental health. And 71% of parents said issues with their child’s mental or emotional well-being made the stresses of work much more difficult to cope with.“Employers need to know that many of their employees are struggling and it is impinging their work as a result,” says Marti. “Our mission with On Our Sleeves is to provide every family i n America access to free, evidence-based educational resources. We see this study as incredibly important in starting the conversation and providing solutions for working families.”As Marti points out, for some parents, taking a child to weekly therapy (心理治疗) appointments and attending meetings at school consume a lot of time. These parents should be helped.1. What do parents care about most at present?A．Economic effect. B．Pressure on children.C．Children’s mental health.D．Children’s education.2. What does paragraph 4 show about kids’ mental health?A．It is a main social problem. B．It makes doctors confused.C．It’s difficult for parents to handle.D．It impacts on their parents’ work.3. What does the underlined word “impinging” in paragraph 5 mea n?A．Selecting. B．Judging.C．Affecting. D．Doubting.4. What can we learn from the text?A．Most children’s mental health is good.B．The economy has few effects on the youth.C．Parents’ health can affect kids, mental health.D．It’s urgent to solve kids’ mental problems.4. 将下列几个部分（A、B、C、D和E）按题号排序，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。
2022-2023学年广东省佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高二下学期第一次段考地理试题
2022-2023学年广东省佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高二下学期第一次段考地理试题1. 图为甘肃省年降水量分布图和甘肃省干湿区划分图。
据此完成下面小题。
1．甘肃省（）A．各干湿区之间都有明确的界限B．各干湿区的范围一般相对稳定C．不同类干湿区降水量肯定不同D．同一干湿区内降水量一定相同2．甘肃省半干旱区呈狭长条带状向西北延伸的主导因素是（）A．大气环流B．海陆位置C．植被覆盖D．地形地势3．从资源开发利用的角度考虑，甘肃省最适宜发展风力、光伏互补型发电产业的干湿区是（）A．干旱区B．半干旱区C．半湿润区D．湿润区2. 我国湖泊众多，按照地理位置划分，大致可以分为青藏高原和长江中下游两大湖群。
青藏高原湖群的代表是青海湖和纳木错，长江中下游湖群的代表则是洞庭湖、鄱阳湖等五大淡水湖。
据此完成下面小题。
1. 青藏高原湖泊群深度远远大于长江中下游湖泊群，主要是因为（）A．降雨量不同B．流域面积不同C．补给类型不同D．形成原因不同2．青海湖（）A．主要水源来自地下水B．8月份水位较高C．封冻期为9月至次年5月D．为内陆区外流湖3．资料显示，青海湖水位季节变化较小，其原因可能有（）①全年降水较少，雨水补给少②冬季流域入湖水量少，且湖面封冻，湖面变化较小③湖泊蓄水量大，蒸发量季节变化小④夏季气温高，冰川、积雪融水多A．①④B．②③C．①②D．③④3. “坐高铁，游中国”是小明同学2022年暑假研学的主题。
图示意小明研学路线及重点考察区域，其中②地附近有一条东西向山脉。
该山脉是我国重要的自然地理分界线之一。
据此完成下面小题。
1．图中适合以“雪云常不开，万岭雪崔嵬”为主题进行研学的地方是（）A．①地B．②地C．③地D．④地2．小明在②地深度调研后发现，该地山脉南北两坡（）A．基带植被类型差异较大B．河流结冰期南坡短于北坡C．热量差异夏季小于冬季D．年均降水量南坡小于北坡3．与①地相比，③地初春利于移栽大树成活的条件是（）A．温暖湿润B．光照充足C．病虫害少D．土壤肥沃4. 我国某流域年降水量约300mm，每年从5月开始降水量明显增加，7月达到最大值。
西樵高级中学学科教研组长竞争上岗实施方案【模板】
西樵高级中学学科教研组长竞争上岗实施方案一、指导思想。
1、引进竞争机制，通过竞争上岗，选择优秀教师进入教研领导队伍，建设优秀教研组。
2、增强学科教研组长的事业心和责任感，推动我校教育教学研究工作的开展。
二、工作原则。
1、坚持公开、公平、公正、科学、客观的评价原则。
2、坚持双向选择、好中选优、能上能下、能进能出的用人原则。
3、坚持任人唯贤、德才兼备、群众公认、注重实绩的选拔原则。
三、工作机构。
1、竞聘领导小组组长：黄润田成员：马国文、田静硕、高伟洪2、竞聘工作小组组员：方红德、冼文延、贺晓玲、李远平、罗亦生四、竞聘职位数目。
本次共有语文、数学、英语、物理、化学、生物、政治、历史、地理、信息技术、体育、美术、音乐职位13个。
五、职位资格竞争对象和报名条件。
（一）职位资格竞争对象为西樵高中的正编教师。
（二）报名条件：【基本条件】1．师德高尚，在教育教学工作中严格遵守教师职业道德规范；坚持实事求是、科学严谨的学风和教风，言行堪称师生表率；2．具有先进的教育理念和较强的创新意识，并形成了自己的特色；完成分配的教学工作量；教学效果好、质量高，并为广大师生所公认；3．对所从事的学科（专业）具有坚实、系统、广博的知识，熟练掌握课程标准、教材及教育理论和科学的教学方法；了解本学科教育教学现状和发展趋势；4．具有较强的教育科研能力，在教育教学理论研究和教改实施中有所建树和创新，在全组乃至更大范围内具有指导作用，在本学科（专业）教师中具有一定影响力；5．担任过备课组长、班主任或项目组负责人，有较强的组织协调能力和学习创新能力，大局观念强,有一定的管理经验。
【资格条件】1、在本校累计任教时间已达到或超过5个学年（即2009年9月前）的正编教职工；2、近三年内担任过其中一项工作：中层干部、科组长、级组长、备课组长、班主任；3、有本科或本科以上学历和中级以上专业技术职称资格及聘书；4、近3年来年度考核称职以上；5、年龄不超过45周岁，现任职科组长年龄不超过50周岁。
佛山西樵中学招生简章
佛山西樵中学招生简章佛山西樵中学是一所历史悠久的学校，其创建于1936年。
学校位于佛山市南海区西樵山脚下，占地面积约60亩，是一所集初、高中教学与特长教育为一体的完全中学。
以下是佛山西樵中学2022年的招生简章及相关信息：一、初中部招生1. 招生对象：符合佛山市2022年初一年龄的应届毕业生。
2. 招生人数：招收90-120名学生。
3. 招生方式：统一组织笔试。
4. 报名时间：报名时间为2021年11月15日至2021年12月15日，具体时间以佛山市教育局发布的通知为准。
5. 报名方式：通过佛山市教育局网上报名平台进行报名。
二、高中部招生1. 招生对象：符合佛山市2022年普通高中入学年龄的应届毕业生。
2. 招生人数：招收300-350名学生。
3. 招生方式：综合素质评价与统一笔试相结合的招生方式。
4. 报名时间：报名时间为2021年11月1日至2021年11月30日，具体时间以佛山市教育局发布的通知为准。
5. 报名方式：通过佛山市教育局网上报名平台进行报名。
三、特长生招生1.招生对象：热爱文艺、体育和科技的初、高中优秀学生。
2.招生方式：学校根据具体需要，通过综合素质评价和面试来招收。
3.招生额度：约占当年招生计划的5%-10%。
4.招生时间：在初、高中生招生结束后的4月份进行。
5.推荐方法:学校从符合条件的优秀学生中选派，由老师推荐参加学校特长生招生。
佛山西樵中学一直致力于学生全面发展，注重培养学生的综合素质和实践能力。
学校拥有一支优秀的师资队伍，为学生提供良好的教育环境和学习资源。
欢迎广大学生及家长前来报名咨询。
2021年广东省佛山市西樵高级中学高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析
2021年广东省佛山市西樵高级中学高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1. I crossed the street to avoid ______ him, but he saw me and came running towards me.A. meetB. meetingC. to meetD. being met参考答案：B【详解】考查动名词。
句意：为了避免看见他，我穿过街道。
但他看见了我，然后向我跑来。
此处考查短语avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，doing是avoid的宾语，故选B项。
2. In common with many of its neighbors, China is a country where family are particularly strong.A. backgroundsB. reunionsC. bondsD. combinations参考答案：C3. ____ makes Steve Jobs successful is his talent for designing and marketing.A. WhichB. ThatC. WhatD. It参考答案：C4. --Good morning. Can I help you?--I’d like to have this package______, madam.A. be weighedB. to be weighedC. to weighD. weighed参考答案：D5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ___________.A. who is heB. who he isC. who isit D. who it is参考答案：D略6. Since Liu Qian, a famous Taiwan magician, performed on CCTV, magic once again has ____ all over China．A. put outB. picked upC. taken offD. put up参考答案：C略7. I have always regretted ______ harder at school.A. not to studyB. to not studyC. having not studiedD. not having studied参考答案：D8. ——I’d like to know why the strawberries tasted very yummy ?—— Because they ________in chocolate .A. dippedB. had been dippedC. were dippingD. have been dipped参考答案：B9. For all the professional athletes, _______to the Olympics means that they have a chance to enter the history books.A. approachB. methodC. wayD. access参考答案：D试题分析：考查名词。
2019-2020学年佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高三英语期末试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高三英语期末试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt’s the time of year when we start hiking. As you pack, remember to bring your smartphone. Whether you’re going on a short walk or a long trip, there are a handful of apps that can help.MapMyHikeThis app tracks where you're hiking so you have a mapof your route at the end of the hike. It can also track other fitness information like the distance traveled, speed, pace, and even calories burned. You can save the data for your hike, so you can always access the route you look as well as track improvements to your workout. GaiaGPSYou don't always have cellphone service when hiking, but you always want to know where you are. The GaiaGPS app provides that information. Download maps of different parts of the world, and access the GaiaGPS app in the middle of even the most remote trails. The GPS function makes using the maps simple, and the app will also point to areas of interest.Backpacking ChecklistOne of the worst things is being way out on a trail only to discover you left behind something important. That's why checklists are the best. This checklist app helps you build a customized(定制的) list of things to take with you. Organize different lists based on trail lengths or requirements. Track all your essential items by weight and where you can find them.WildObsUsing WildObs, you can record your observations of plants and animals and add them to the database. You can ask the community to help you identify something and keep track of everything you've met, and most importantly, you can become a citizen scientist. By recording what you've seen with this app, you're helping scientists keep track of what's happening to the natural world.1. What can you do with MapMyHike?A. Record your walking speed.B. Design a suitable hiking route.C. Locate popular tourist attractions.D. Store the data of your daily activities.2. What is WildObs intended to do?A. To provide survival skills.B. To lead the way.C. To identify wildlife.D. To help make preparations.3. Which app is most useful before hiking?A. GaiaGPS.B. MapMyHike.C. WildObs.D. Backpacking Checklist.BHundreds of children are being treated for sleep problems in Wales every year. In some cases，babies，infants (婴儿)and teenagers have been admitted to hospital in north Wales alone.The Children’s Sleep Charity said many children were suffering from lack of sleep mainly because of technology use. Public Health Wales said sleep was as important to a child’s health as healthy eating and exercise，and children with poor sleep patterns were more likely to be fat.Statistics obtained (获得) under the Freedom of Information Act by BBC Wales found at least 408 children have been admitted to hospitals across Wales suffering from sleep disorders since March 2013.Children aged between 0 and 4 made up the highest number of inpatients (住院病人)，with some newborns being treated for sleep-related problems from the day of birth.Vicki Dawson，who set up the Children’s Sleep Charity (CSC)，said sleepless nights were putting both children and parents in anxiety. “Their weight and growth may also be affected as well as their mental health，”she said.Teachers said children showing signs of sleep shortage and tiredness in class were a concern as they couldn’t concentrate for long periods.Psychologist Amy McClelland，of Sleep Wales，saida common problem was that children were “over excited”before bed and that families should get back to basics. “Think 1950s family home. Dinner as a family，read，chat，a film maybe，lights off and then bed. ”She added.4. What’s the mainreason why children are short of sleep？A. Less exercise.B. Eating habits.C. Technology use.D. Sleep patterns.5. Who are the majority of the inpatients with sleep-related disorders？A. Infants.B. Teenagers.C. Teachers.D. Parents.6. What can we infer from what Amy McClelland said？A. Chatting and films make children sleep more.B. It is difficult for children to read before bed.C. Being too excitedis good for sleep habits.D. Relaxation has a bad effect on children.7. What is the best title forthe text？A. Ways to Treat Sleep ProblemsB. Sleep Problems of Welsh ChildrenC. Sleep Habits of Welsh ChildrenD. The Problems of Welsh ChildrenCSelf-esteem is an abstract concept, which refers to people’s beliefs about their own worth and value. American psychologist Abraham Maslow thought self-esteem was a basic human need and included self-esteem in his hierarchy of human needs. He described two different forms of “esteem”: the need for respect from others in the form of recognition, success, and admiration, and the need for self-respect in the form of self-love, self-confidence, and skill. Respect from others was believed to be more fragile and easily lost than inner self-esteem. According to Maslow, without the fulfillment of the self-esteem need, individuals will be driven to seek it and unable to grow and obtain self-realization.Basically, high self-esteem is achieved through a series of real accomplishments, which is good for people. However, the excessive high self-esteem, based more on a sense of entitlement than on any accomplishment, is considered to be less psychologically healthy. And just as self-esteem can be too high, it can also be “under-inflated”. Those having poor self-esteem do have a basis for feeling good about themselves but they may not recognize their accomplishments and actions as meaningful.To appreciate what it would be like to have high self-esteem, one can consider how they may feel about things in their lives that they value. For instance, some people really like cars. They take good care of their cars. They may even decorate the car and then show it off to other people with pride. Similarly, people with high self-esteem love, care for and feel proud of themselves. Take children for example. When they have high self-esteem, they believe they are valuable and important. They enjoy different activities and can handle criticism easily without taking it personally.People need to develop positive self-esteem. This can convince them they deserve happiness. Besides, the development of positive self-esteem increases the capacity to treat other people with respect, thus favoring a variety of interpersonal relationships and avoiding destructive ones.8. What can we infer from Abraham Maslow’s theory about self-esteem?A. Self-esteem ensures us a successful life.B. Self-esteem is essential to self-realization.C. Self-esteem means little to psychological health.D. Others’ respect is more important than self-respect.9. What does the underlined word “under-inflated” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Adequate.B. Insufficient.C. Moderate.D. Lifelong.10. How does the author explain the feelings of having high self-esteem?A. By giving examples.B. By analyzing causes.C. By providing figures.D. By making contrasts.11. Which of the following does the author support?A. Self-esteem ultimately leads to happiness.B. Self-esteem earns you respect from others.C. Positive self-esteem benefits people’s social lives.D. Positive self-esteem helps people out of difficulties.DWhere doyou usually put your toothbrush?Do you keep it in the bathroom? How’s your toothbrush looking these days? Even if you can’t see it with a naked eye, experts say it may be saturated(使饱和)with millions of toilet germs!Dr. Charles Oerba, a germ expert, is amicrobiology professor at the University of Arizona. He says there are approximately 3 million bacteria per square inch in most toilet bowls, and every time you flush it without closing the lid, those millions of bacteria droplets spray into the air as far as twenty feet away and dirty everything in their path. And a common victim is your poor toothbrush, usually, left out on the bathroom sink, right?So, what do we do? Dr. Gerba says it’s easy. Close the toilet lid before you flush—that’ll greatly cut downthe germs, which will otherwise float in the air. And wash your toothbrush every few days in mouthwash or peroxide to get rid of any germs hiding in it. You can even put it through the dishwasher to sanitize(消毒)it. And always store your toothbrush in a closed cabinet.Here’s one more tip from Dr. Gerba, who says our kitchen sink is probably dirtier than our toilet. “If an alien came from space and studied the bacterial counts, he probably would conclude he should wash his hands in your toilet and go to the bathroom in your sink.” He says that’s because the kitchen sink is a great place where E. coli(大肠杆菌)to live and grow since it’s wet and damp. Bacteria feed on the food that people put down the drainor—that’s left on dishes in the sink. To reset your sink’s bacteria count back to zero, you’d better regularly wash it with hot water and sanitize yoursink with special chemicals. In fact, you may want to do it every day or before preparing dinner.12. What is the purpose of the text?A. To show how to brush your teeth.B. To tell people the importance of health.C. To warn people of the invisible germs.D. To introduce a microbiology professor.13. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Bathroom sinks are the dirtiest places.B. Bacteria are bad for people’s health.C. Why bacteria spread through the air.D. How bacteria spread in the bathroom.14. What does the underlined word“that”in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. The food.B. The toothbrush.C. The sink.D. The chemical.15. Why does Dr. Gerba mention the example of an alien?A. To tell us a fiction story of an alien studying bacteria.B. To show our kitchen sink may be dirtier than our toilet.C. To teach us how to reset sink’s bacteria count back to zero.D. To prove coli prefers to live in the kitchen and the drain.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
广东省佛山市西樵高级中学高二数学文上学期期末试卷含解析
广东省佛山市西樵高级中学高二数学文上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有是一个符合题目要求的1. 函数的最小值为A．5 B．6 C 7 D.8参考答案：D2. “”是“函数在区间[1,+∞)单调递增”的( )A. 充分不必要条件B. 必要不充分条件C. 充要条件D. 既不充分也不必要条件参考答案：A分析：求出导函数，若函数在单调递增，可得在区间上恒成立．解出，故选A 即可．详解：，∵若函数函数在单调递增，∴在区间上恒成立．∴，而在区间上单调递减，∴．即“”是“函数在单调递增”的充分不必要条件.故选A.．点睛：本题考查充分不必要条件的判定，考查利用导数研究函数的单调性、恒成立问题的等价转化方法，属中档题．3. 如图，在三棱柱ABC﹣A'B'C'中，若E、F分别为AB、AC的中点，平面EB'C'F将三棱柱分成体积为V1、V2的两部分，那么V1：V2为（）A． 3：2 B． 7：5 C． 8：5 D． 9：5参考答案：B考点：棱柱、棱锥、棱台的体积．专题：计算题．分析：由已知中平面EB'C'F将三棱柱分成一个棱台（体积为V1）和一个不规则几何体，（体积为V2），我们根据棱柱体积公式，和棱台的体积公式，结合组合体的体积求法，分别计算出V1，V2的表达式，即可得到答案．解答：解：设S△AEF=x，则S△ABC=S△A1B1C1=4x，S□EFBC=3xV1：V2=（4x+2x+x）：4x﹣[（4x+2x+x）]=7：5故选B点评：本题考查的知识点是棱柱的体积，棱台的体积，组合体的体积，其中分析出面EB'C'F将三棱柱分成一个棱台（体积为V1）和一个不规则几何体，（体积为V2），是解答本题的关键．4. 直线一定通过（）A．第一、三象限B．第二、四象限C．第一、二、四象限D．第二、三、四象限参考答案：B【知识点】直线的倾斜角与斜率【试题解析】因为斜率，倾斜角为钝角，所以，直线必过二、四象限故答案为：B5. 对于上可导的任意函数，若满足，则必有A.B.C.D.参考答案：C略6. 观察式子:,,,,则可归纳出式子为( )Ａ.Ｂ.Ｃ.Ｄ.参考答案：C由每个不等式的不等号左边的最后一项的分母和右边的分母以及不等号左边的最后一项的分母的底和指数的乘积减1等于右边分母可知,选C.7. 正方体ABCD-A1B1C1D1中，对角线AC1与底面ABCD所成的角的正切等于（）A．1 B． C． D．参考答案：D 略8. 对抛物线，下列描述正确的是A. 开口向上，焦点为B. 开口向上，焦点为C. 开口向右，焦点为D. 开口向右，焦点为参考答案：A9. 观察式子：，，，，则可归纳出式子为（）Ａ．Ｂ．Ｃ．Ｄ．参考答案：C10. 下列选项叙述错误的是A.命题“若，则”的逆否命题是“若，则”B.若命题：，则：C.若为真命题，则，均为真命题D.“”是“”的充分不必要条件参考答案：C二、填空题:本大题共7小题,每小题4分,共28分11. 设函数．若对任意实数，不等式恒成立，则▲参考答案：12. 数列{a n }的前n 项和S n ，若，则_________.参考答案：13. 完成下列进位制之间的转化：___参考答案：34214. 已知，则a ，b，c 从小到大的顺序是▲．参考答案：15. 已知函数的自变量取值区间为, 若其值域也为, 则称区间为的保值区间. 若函数的保值区间是, 则的值为 .参考答案：16. 直线经过椭圆(a ＞b ＞0)的一个焦点和一个顶点,则该椭圆的离心率等于 .参考答案：略17. 取一根长度为6米的绳子，拉直后在任意位置剪断，那么剪得的两段都不少于1 米的概率是 .参考答案：三、 解答题：本大题共5小题，共72分。
2020年佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高三生物下学期期末试卷及答案解析
2020年佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高三生物下学期期末试卷及答案解析一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1.当神经系统控制心脏活动时，在神经元与心肌细胞之间传递的信号是化学信号还是电信号呢？基于这个问题，科学家进行了如下实验。
取两个生理状态相同的蛙的心脏A和B，置于成分相同的营养液中，使之保持活性。
已知副交感神经可以使心率降低。
A保留副交感神经，将B的副交感神经剔除，刺激A中的该神经，A的跳动减慢；从A的营养液中取一些液体注入B的营养液中，B的跳动也减慢。
（1）科学家这样设计实验基于的假说是_______，预期结果是_______。
（2）该实验结果证明了_______。
（3）神经元与心肌细胞之间传递信号依赖神经肌肉接头（一种突触），在突触小体内能完成的信号转化是_______。
2.某同学在显微镜下观察到某种细胞的局部分裂图像，对该图像分析正确的是（）A. 该图可能是高等植物根尖细胞分裂图像B. 该图细胞中每条染色体中含有一个DNA分子C. 该图可能是有丝分裂后期的图像D. 该图可能不是动物细胞的分裂图像3.同为组成生物体蛋白质的氨基酸，酪氨酸几乎不溶于水，而精氨酸易溶于水，这种差异的产生，取决于（）A.两者R基团的组成不同B.两者的结构完全不同C.酪氨酸的氨基多D.精氨酸的羧基多4.如图是科研人员测得的水稻根细胞随氧气浓度变化对和的吸收情况。
下列有关叙述正确的是（）A. 影响水稻根细胞吸收和的因素仅是氧气浓度B.a与c对照，说明根细胞膜上载体比载体少C.a点的吸收量比b点少的主要外界因素是氧气浓度D.b点以后及时中耕松土，有利于提高两种离子的吸收量5.下列关于细胞中化合物的叙述，正确的是（）A.自由水是生化反应的介质，不直接参与生化反应B.无机盐参与维持细胞的酸碱平衡，也可以参与有机物的合成C.结合水是细胞结构的重要组成成分，主要存在于液泡中D.核糖体合成蛋白质，必须经过内质网加工才有生物学功能6.基因型为Aa的某植株产生的a花粉中，有2/3是致死的。
2021届佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高三英语期末试卷及答案
2021届佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高三英语期末试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABritain's brilliant bridges have supported trade, brought communities together andare always the mostexciting part of the journey. These must-see bridges are now tourist attractions in their own right.Clifton Suspension Bridge, BristolDescribed byits legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as “my first love, my darling", it was originally designed for horse-drawn traffic. Now, more than four million vehicles a year cross the 1,352ft-long toll（通行费）bridge over the Avon Gorge. The £ 1 toll for every journey pays for its maintenance. The history of the bridge, dating back to 1864, is kept alive through a programme of tours, events and exhibitions.Infinity Bridge, Stockton-On-TeesA pedestrian（行人）and cycle footbridge across the River Tees, its working title was the North Shore Footbridge, before it was given its grander name when opened in 2009. It is particularly incredible at night. The arches（拱形）of the bridge are also lit white and, on calm nights, their reflection in the water appears as an infinity（无穷大）symbol, thus inspiring the name which was chosen by the public.Tower Bridge, LondonAn engineering wonder built from thousands of tons of Portland stone and steel, it took construction workers eight years to complete. More than 120 years old, it's a popular tourist attraction, as well as a functional bridge. Visitors can take in the views over the capital, experience seeing London life through the Glass Floor, and visit the Victorian Engine Rooms.Iron Bridge, ShropshireOpened in 1781 , this is the first arch bridge in the world made out of cast iron. Recognised as one of the great symbols of the industrial revolution, it transformed the craft of bridge building and was a crucial factor in the development of the iron trade in Shropshire.1. Which bridge has the longest history?A. Clifton Suspension Bridge.B. Infinity Bridge.C. Tower Bridge.D. Iron Bridge.2. What can we know about Infinity Bridge?A. It was originally meant for pedestrains.B. The public give it two names.C. Ifs well worth visiting at night.D. Its arch is bigger than any other bridge's.3. What makes Clifton Suspension Bridge different from the other bridges introduced?A. It charges drivers for each passing.B. It offers walkers a good view at night.C. It was made from thousands of stones.D. It's a symbol of the industrial revolution.BOn March 18, 34-year-old Lance Karlson was walking on the beach and looking for somewhere toswim in Geographe Bay when he saw what he thought was a stingray (黄貂鱼) leap from the water.Realizing the creature was, in fact, an octopus (章鱼), he started filming it — just in time for the angry octopus to launch itself at him. He immediately felt a sharp pain across his left arm, followed by a second strike across his neck and upper back. His goggles (护目镜) fogged and the water around him turned dark with what he thought might have been octopus ink as he struggled back toward the shore."I was confused — it was more of a shock than a fright," said Karlson, "I might have hit on its home." Within a minute, a perfect imprint of an octopus tentacle (触手) appeared on Karlson's neck and back.A former volunteer lifeguard, Karlson rushed back to his hotelroom to find something acidic to put on the wound. All his family could grab was Coca-Cola, which his wife poured over his back and the pain disappeared."The pain went away and more than anything since then, it's been more the physical hit that was painful.... The imprint on my neck is more from the physical hit, and I guess it makes complete sense when you look at the video I took," he said.Karlson said he'd never seen an octopus that close before and watched Netflix documentary "My Octopus Teacher" after the incident to learn more about the species."They are beautiful creatures and I really hope this promotes more interest in octopuses as opposed to fear of them. I think this is a fascinating creature with clearly some very strong emotions just like we do as humans," he added.4. When did the octopus attack Karlson?A. When he was swimming in the bay.B. When he was shooting the octopus.C. When he was looking for some fish.D. When he was fighting against the octopus.5. What plays an essential role in reducing Karlson's pain?A. The lifeguard's timely help.B. Karson's wife's quick action.C. The family members' efforts.D. Karlson’s knowledge of first aid.6. What does Karlson learn from his experience?A. The octopus is dangerous.B. People should get away from the octopus.C. People need know more about the octopus.D. The physical hit from the octopus is painful.7. Which of the following might be the best title?A. Pain from Strong AttackB. First Aid for Octopus' StrikeC. Face to Face with Angry OctopusD. Under Sea with Dangerous CreatureCHave you ever been on social media and seen your favorite celebrity talking about a product? These promotions might not be totally random, and are actually seen as a vital part of the marketing process. The question is: How do social media influencers ‘influence’ what you buy?Human desire for status and making friends, combined with our need to belong to a group, makes us receptive to being ‘socially influenced’. Companies often use that desire to have a similar lifestyle to a celebrity we admire to sell or launch a product. So, what do these promotions actually do?Firstly, they can be used to build brand awareness. A social media influencer should have a strong understanding of the platform they operate on, and therefore can create appealing content that not only sticks to the brand image, but sparks their followers’ interests in a product they might never have seen before.Secondly, influencers can improve a company or product’s relationship with their customer base. According to InMoment’s 2018 US Retail CX Trends Report on customer loyalty, 77% of buyers have been brand loyal for more than ten years. This is also true of 60% of millennials. A popular celebrity can target key customers and talk or blog about a product, which can create an instant and lasting bond with them.Lastly, influencers can improve customer buying habits with seemingly ‘unbiased opinions’. We are more likely to respond to ‘peer recommendation’ than traditional ads, meaning the fact we see an influencer as a ‘friend’can make us less likely to be doubtful about what we are seeing.So, the next time you see a celebrity talking about a product, you might want to consider that this could be a carefully worked-out marketing strategy designed to target your core needs. If you find yourself examining a product you’ve seen on social media, you may well have been influenced.8. Why do companies invite celebrities to launch products?A. Because celebrities can improve the companies’ public images.B. Because consumers like to share similarity with celebrities.C. Because celebrities want to make more money.D. Because consumers can make friends with celebrities.9. According to the passage, which strategy is often used by influencers?A. Setting up operation platforms.B. Sending gifts to customers.C. Improving relationship with the company.D. Taking advantage of their popularity.10. To customers, the recommendations of influencers seem to be ________.A. offensiveB. subjectiveC. objectiveD. misleading11. The passage is mainly about ________.A. how social media make adsB. how social media influence our lifestyleC. how social influencers affect our buyingD. how celebrities earn fameDAn unmanned Chinese spacecraft left the earth on a trip to the planet Mars on Thursday. The launch（发射）marks the start of one of China's most important space explorations. China's national space agency launched the spacecraft called Tianwen-1 fromthe Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Center on Hainan Island.The name Tianwen means “Questions to Heaven” in Chinese. The spacecraft took off on China's largest carrier rocket, the Long March 5, and about 36 minutes later, the spacecraft, including an orbiter（轨道飞行器）and a rover（漫游车），was sent into the Earth-Mars orbit. It is expected to reach the orbit of the red planet next February. Tianwen-1 will finish three scientific goals—orbiting the red planet, landing on the Mars and sending a rover to the landing site.Tianwen-1 carries several scientific instruments to observe the planet's atmosphere and surface. It will do a series of scientific researches on the planet's soil, geological structure, environment, atmosphere and water. Besides its daily work of exploring the surface of Mars for 90 days, it will also report back to the earth about its experiences on the red planet, which is millions of miles away. According to experts, discovering signs of life willbe its first and most important scientific goal.Tianwen-1's successful landing will make China the second nation to place a spacecraft on Mars. The United States has landed eight vehicles on Mars since 1976. China will be the first to successfully orbit, land and place a vehicle in the same mission. This is China's first independent mission to Mars. The task in 2011 failed when a Russian rocket carrying a Chinese orbiter had problems after launch, and was unable to escape the Earth orbit. Last year, China's Chang e-4 spacecraft became the first to make a landing on the far side of the moon.12. When will Tianwen-1 enter the orbit of Mars?A. 36 minutes later.B. Next Thursday.C. In 90 days.D. Next February.13. What is the main task of Tianwen-1 according to experts?A. Orbiting the Mars.B. Landing on the Mars.C. Discovering signs of life.D. Sending a rover to the landing site.14. Which of the following statements is mentioned in the text?A. Tianwen-1 is the second vehicle landed on the Mars.B. The United States is the first to land vehicles on the Mars.C. Russia helped China place Tianwen-1 on the Mars.D. Chang，e-4 was the first to make a landing on the moon.15. Where can you find this article?A. In a newspaper.B. In a diary.C. In a sci-fi novel.D. In a guide book.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高三英语期末考试试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高三英语期末考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AStepping Out Into NatureThe classic road trip is more popular than ever. Here are several places to hit the open road.Colo-road TripsThe Colorado Tourism Office has made it easy for road-trippers to explore the state’s 24 Scenic & Historic Byways.A new microsite includes-an interactive map that enables travelers to explore options by region, interest or season. Travelers seeking inspiration can also access insider tips and side-trip suggestions for historic attractions, active adventures and highlight cultural opportunities.TheBeartooth Highway.Visitors of this extraordinary byway experience the grand sights ofMontana,WyomingandYellowstonePark. The windy 68-mile stretch introduces road explorers to one of the most diverse ecosystems accessible by auto. Breathtakingly beautiful, this All-American Road showcases wide, high alpine plateaus（高原）, painted with ice blue lakes, forested valleys, waterfalls and wildlife.SewardHighway,AlaskaThe road that connectsAnchorageto Seward is 127-mile treasure of natural beauty, wildlife and stories of adventure. The drive begins at the base of theChugach Mountains, hugs the scenic shores of Turnagain Arm and winds through gold mining towns, national forests and fishing villages. Expect waterfalls, glaciers, eagles and some good bear stories.The Lighthouse Trail,MaineTravel the 375 miles betweenKitteryandCalais,Maine, visiting lighthouses along the way. Hear tales of shipwrecks（海难）and of the difficult and lonely life led by those who kept the lights burning brightly. If possible, visit theMaineLighthouseMuseum. where artifacts and hands-on exhibits for children provide an appealing break.1.What makes Colo-road Tips special?A.Good bear stories.B.A scenic beach.C.Hands-on exhibits.D.An interactive map.2.Where can you explore state of gold miners?A.Colorado.B.Montana.C.Alaska.D.Maine3.Which place is suitable for a family with children?A.Colo-road Trips.B.TheBeartooth Highway.C.Seward Highway.D.The Lighthouse Trail.BA student had to get his long hair cut off in a middle school in GuangDong Province. It was talked a lot among teachers and students.In fact, all schools have their own rules. In most schools, boy students are not allowed to have long hair while girls are not allowed to dye their hair. And most school rules say that students should wear their school uniforms at school. And students must obey these rules so that they can get healthy development at school.But some students have disagreements. They think that boy students having long hair doesn't mean that they are not good students. They want to show their own personality. They think that they would look cool too if they had long hair and the hairstyles like their favorite stars.A girl student thought that she would look much more beautiful if she had brown hair. So she had her dark hair dyed brown one day. When she went back to school the next day, the teacher was very angry with her. She said that she worked hard at her lessons and did well in every subject. She just didn't know why the teacher didn't allow her to dye her hair while women teachers can.It is not wrong for teenagers to love stars' hairstyles or wear their favorite clothes. However, a school has its own rules for all the students to obey so that the school can be in good order. Students should not break the rules at school.4. What aren't boy students allowed to do in most middle schools according to this passage?A. To have long hair.B. To wear uniforms.C. To like famous stars.D. To show their own personalities.5. Why did the girl make her hair brown?A. Because she wanted to be cool.B. Because she thought that she would look much more beautiful.C. Because she wanted to make her teacher angry.D Because women teachers dyed their hair.6. What does the writer think of these school rules?A. The students should be against them.B. They are bad for students.C. They can make schools in good order.D. They can't make students grow healthily.7. What is the passage mainly about?A. Hair styles and clothes.B. Schoolboys and schoolgirls.C. Students and famous stars.D. School rules.CConcrete is the world's most consumed material after water. Because it already surrounds us in the built environment, researchers have been exploring the idea of using concrete to store electricity—turning buildings into giant batteries. The idea has been gaining ground as we have come to increasingly rely on renewable energy from the wind and sun: rechargeable batteries are necessary when the breeze dies down or darkness falls.Experimental concrete batteries have only managed to hold a small part of what a traditional battery does. But one team now reports in Buildings that it has developed a rechargeable original model that could represent a more than 900 percent increase in stored charge, compared with earlier attempts.A live-in concrete battery might sound unlikely. Still, "you can make a battery out of a potato," notes Aimee Byrne. In a future where sustainability is key, she likes the idea of buildings that avoid waste by providing shelter and powering electronics.Although the new design stores more than 10 times as much power as earlier attempts, it still has a long way to go: 200 square meters of it "can provide about 8 percent of the daily electricity consumption" of a typical U.S. home, Zhang says.This is not enough to compete with today's rechargeable devices. "We're getting milliamps (毫安) out of concrete batteries—we're not getting amps (安培), "Byrne says." We're getting hours as opposed to days of charge." But she adds that" concrete batteries are completely in their childhood, compared to other battery designs." The earliest batteries were simple andbulky. Researchers experimented with new materials and designs for more than a century to develop today's small devices. Byrne suggests concrete-based energy storage could undergo a similar evolution. "The whole idea is that we're looking far into the future," she says. "We're playing the long game with it."8. What can we learn about the concrete batteries?A. They become increasingly renewable.B. They are the most consumed batteries.C. They are being developed by researchers.D. They will replace energy from the wind and sun.9. Why does Byrne mention a battery out of a potato?A. To show it is easy to build concrete batteries.B. To argue it is possible to develop concrete batteries.C. To make her statement more interesting.D. To call on people to protect the environment.10. What does the underlined word "bulky" in Paragraph 5 mean?A. HeavyB. CheapC. EfficientD. Small.11. What doesByrne think of concrete batteries?A. They beat today's rechargeable devices.B. They are simple and bulky.C. They have a doubtful future.D. They have a long way to go.DNewspapers in Great Britainvarygreatly in their ways of carrying the news. There are serious papers for those who want to know about important happenings everywhere, both at home and abroad. There are popular newspapers for those who prefer entertainment to information.The London newspaper that is best known outside Great Britain is probably the Times. It began in 1785, and has a high reputation for believable news and serious opinions on the news. It calls itself an independent paper, which means that it does not give its support to a particular political party. Its leading articles give the opinions of the editors, not those of the owners of the paper.Letters to the editor are printed in the newspaper. These parts of the Times are always interesting. Most of the letters are serious subjects. But from time to time there will be long letters on the subject which is not at all serious, perhaps on a new fashion of dress, or the bad manners of the young people, compared with manners of thirty years ago.12. If you want to get pleasure, please buy yourself _________.A. a serious newspaperB. foreign newspaperC. any independent paperD. a popular newspaper13. The Times has been famous to outside Great Britain for ________ years.A. 19B. 85C. 236D. 22914. The Times is an independent paper because ________.A. it supports no political partiesB. it is not controlled by the British GovernmentC. it gives special support to all the political parties.D. the editor’s opinions are not examined by the owners of the paper15. The underlined word “vary” in the passage probably means “_________”.A. improveB. compete with each otherC. are differentD. keep in touch with each other第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案
2020年佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMy wife Hilary andI were on the beach, with three of our children, taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we saw a bear. The bear was thin and small, moving aimlessly.Just a few minutes later, I heard my daughter shouting, “Dad! The bear is right behind us!" An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one was silent and its ears pinned back the sign of an animal that is going in for the kill. And it was a cold April day. Thebear behaved abnormally, probably because of hunger.I held my camera tripod(三脚架)in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me. Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders, and the tripod stuck across its mouth. It bit down and I found myself supporting its weight. I knew 1 would not be able to hold it for long.Even so, this was a fight I had to win: I was all that stood between the bear and my family, who would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear.The bear hit at the camera, cutting it off the tripod. I raised my left arm to protect my face; the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side. My arm could not move, and I sensed that my bones were going to break.Drawing back my free hand, I struck the bear as hard as I could for five to six times. The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. I was actually wrestling with the bear at this point. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back towards-the forest,before returning for another attack the first time I felt panic.Obviously satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, destroying a fence as it went. My arm was injured, but the outcome for us could hardly have been better. I'm proud that my family remained clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.1. How did the writer feel when faced with the brown bear?A. Fearful but confident.B. Nervous but brave.C. Upset but determined.D. Awful but hopeful.2. The bear finally went away after itA. got injuredB. felt safeC. found some foodD. took away the camera3. What does the author want to tell us?A. We should keep calm when troubles comeB. We should rise to the challenge when faced with difficulties.C. We should not risk ourselves in some dangerous areas.D. We should learn to take advantage of anything at hand when in trouble.BFor as long as I can remember, my body and I have shared a relationship of discontent. Growing up, I was skinnier than the other kids and at five I was told I wasn't attractive and that I must put on some weight. But no matter how much I ate, I stayed thin for years until adolescence. Then I started putting on weight almost immediately. I remember feeling happy as I began to fill out. However, my joy didn't last long.I was thirteen when I was first called fat. Friends and neighbours would make jokes on my big size. As I entered my late teens, I had completely lost confidence in my body and, subsequently, in myself. Having failed to live up to conventional beauty standards, I was convinced that if I wanted to be loved, I needed to offer more, doing anything to please everyone around.I entered adulthood thinking I wasn't “enough”—an idea that was seeded not only by the fact that “skinny” is celebrated, but also by the language associated with accounts of losing weight—selfimprovement, discipline—all virtues. Being fat quickly categorizes you as lazy and undisciplined. Consumed by thoughts of the way my body looked, I didn't notice the other ways my body needed attention. I failed to realize, for example, that my period was much heavier and more painful than ever before. Actually I developed a rare disease and later I had two surgeries.I was always made to feel that my weight was the root of a lot of problems in my life; I have learnt this is not true. After a lot of selfreflection and some professional help, I realized I never learnt to like myself. While two decades of selfhatred cannot be undone overnight, I have taken first steps to acceptance.I am now much lighter than before, in body and mind. There are days I find voices on social media saying I am too fat to be loved or to be worthy, but I am learning not to focus on that thought for long. As long as I like myself, just the way I am, opinions at the end of the day are just water off a duck's back.4. What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs?A. She could change her weight at will.B. She had different beauty standards from others.C. She tried to love others to build her confidence.D. She was greatly influenced by others' opinions.5. Why did the author think she wasn't “enough”?A. She was poorly disciplined.B. She failed to celebrate “skinny”．C. She was labelled as lazy for her weight.D. She put on more weight after entering adulthood.6. What caused the author to make a change?A. Her lighter body.B. A troublesome illness.C. Popular beauty standards.D. Others' critical comments.7. What is the best title for the text?A. Beauty matters.B. Opinions vary.C. Worth your weight.D. Beyond your limits.CThe cumulative rainfall in Henan province during the four days was the highest since the province has records, the provincial meteorological service said. The rain was heaviest in the provincial capital, Zhengzhou, for a short period on Monday and Tuesday. Northern, western and central parts of Henan also experienced downpours, the service said. Zhengzhou's biggest one-hour precipitation (降水量) —201.9 mmbetween 4 and 5 pm on Tuesday—was also the highest on the Chinese mainland. The previous record was 198.5 mmin the village of Linzhuang in Zhumadian in August 1975, the National Meteorological Center said. The city's precipitation duringthe four days exceeded that of its average annual precipitation, the center said.Chen Tao, chief forecaster at the National Meteorological Center, said abundant water vapor (水蒸气) brought by Typhoon In-Fa and the province's special geographical features led to Henan's rain. “Partly affected by the typhoon, large amounts of water vapor have been transported to China's inland areas, including Henan,” he said.From Thursday to Monday, rain was forecast to continue in Henan. However, rainfall will gradually subside in Zhengzhou and the province's northern and central regions, though the storms will increase the risk of mountain torrents and other geological disasters. By Monday, lighter rain is forecast for parts of Henan, the provincial weather service said. However, local authorities are still urged to bevigilantand prepare to prevent or cope withflooding and other possible disasters.Predicting such weather events remains a challenge worldwide because it involves many meteorological phenomena, the center said. “The formation of this kind of extreme weather, including rainstorms and high temperatures, is complex,” Chen said. “We still lack effective solutions and methods for such forecasting”, he said. “We are now putting a lot of effort into tackling the difficulty. We believe that as the technology improves, we can better forecast the events.”8. What message does the author mainly want to convey in the first paragraph?A. heavy rain fell in Zhengzhou.B. The rain in Henan lasted four days.C. Zhumadian also suffered the similar heavy rain.D. Henan experienced the biggest rainfall of all time.9. What can be indicated from Chen Tao's words?A. It is not easy to forecast the extreme weather.B The rain of Henan is mainly caused by Typhoon In-Fa.C. The center hasn't put a lot of effort into solving the problem.D. Rainstorms and high temperatures can account for the heavy rain.10. What does the underlined word “vigilant” probably mean?A. Relaxed.B. Alert.C. Reluctant.D. Communicative.11. Where might the text be most probably taken from?A. history book.B. A novel.C. A news report.D. A science magazine.DMark Bertram, 46, lost the tips of two fingers at work in 2018 when his hand became trapped in a fan belt. “It's life-changing but it's not life-ending,” he says. “Doing work is harder now. Everything is just a little different.”After two surgeries and occupational therapy, Bertram decided to make light of his condition by asking Eric Catalano, a tattoo (纹身) artist, to create fingernail tattoos. The idea made everyone in the studio laugh—until they saw the final result. “The mood changed,” Catalano recalls from his Eternal Ink Tattoo Studio. “Everything turned from funny to wow.”When Catalano posted a photo of the tattoos, a pair of fingernails that looked so real that no one could believe their eyes, he had no idea the image would eventually be viewed by millions of people around the world.The viral photo pushed Catalano, 40, further into the world of paramedical (辅助医疗的) tattooing. Nowpeople with life-altering scars come from as far away as Ireland to visit his shop. They enter Eternal Ink looking for the artistic healing they saw online. Using flesh-toned (肉色的) inks and a needle, Catalano transforms his clients' view of themselves.Leslie Pollan, 32, a dog breeder in Oxford, was bitten on the face by a puppy in 2014. She underwent countless surgeries to correct a scar on her lip.“Plastic surgery gave me no hope,” she says. “So I looked for other options.” She ultimately traveled six hours to meet with Catalano. He hid Pollan's lip scar, giving her back a piece of her confidence.“ You don't understand until you've been through it,” Pollan says. “It made me have a different look on life.”Catalano performs up to eight reconstructive tattoos. While he charges $100 per regular tattoo, he doesn't charge for paramedical tattoos. “Financially, it doesn't make sense,” Catalano says. “But every time I see that emotion from my customers, I'm 100 percent sure this is something that I can't stop doing.”12. What best describes people's attitude when first hearing of fingernail tattoos?A. Indifferent.B. Ridiculous.C. Confident.D. Surprised.13. What did Catalano do to help Leslie Pollan?A. He drew an artistic puppy.B. He inked scars on her face.C. He created a lip tattoo.D. He performed plastic surgeries on her.14. What can we infer from the passage?A. Cosmetic surgery is of no use.B. Tattoos earn Mark Bertram a good fame.C. Catalano is a kind and generous person.D. Fingernail tattoos are popular around the world.15. What could be the best title for the text?A. A Life-changing EventB. Miracle TattoosC. An Amazing ArtistD. A Promising Business第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高三英语期中试卷及参考答案
2020届佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高三英语期中试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe OrchardI had a very nice meal at the Orchard restaurant．The food was lovely and the service was quite good．We chose to eat in the garden which was full of beautiful flowers and very relaxing．The only disappointment was the dessert — the apple piewas far too sweet and it was cold too．Apart from that it was an enjoyable evening．As for the price — what a bargain，excellent value for money！Park InnThe best thing about Park Inn was the service — it was excellent．There was a warm welcome when we arrived and the waiters were very helpful all evening．However，the food wasn’t as good．The menu looked interesting but the meals were rather tasteless．It’s not a cheap restaurant and I wasn’t happy to pay so much for boring food．Richard’s PlaceWhen we enteredthe restaurant，we were surprised by the lovely interior (内部的) design of it．So stylish，so modern！This is one of the most popular restaurants in town and it’s very easy to see why．The food was great and excellent value for money but it was ruined by very，very poor service！TheRiversideIt was lovely sitting outside and looking over the river．There were lots of little lanterns (灯笼) and color1 ed lights everywhere and it all looked very pretty．The food was good，nothing very special but quite tasty．The service was OK; we didn’t have to wait too long for our food but the waiter never looked very happy！It’s quite an expensive place but with the view I think it’s quite good value for money．1. In which restaurant can customers eat in the garden？A. Park Inn．B. TheOrchard．C. The Riverside．D. Richard’s Place．2. What makes the customers of Park Inn most satisfied？A. The food．B. The price．C. The service．D. The environment．3. In Richard’s Place，customers can ________．A. receive good serviceB. enjoy its moderndesignC. listen to wonderful musicD. enjoy the beauty of a riverBTwenty years ago, I became involved in pet therapy(疗法) work with our Angel. As she matured and went through professional training, we realized that she would be good at this new job.Angel is ten now and works every week. She visits two hospitals providing day care for the elderly, and our library’s PAWS forReadingprogram. At the library, six to ten dogs lie on the floor, and the kids pick a book to read to a dog. After they finish, they get a card with the dog’s picture and history. Angel also helps out at a special-needs camp. She is so popular that everywhere we go people recognize her, especially the kids she has worked with.We have seen some very special things through our pet therapy work. I brought Angel to our local hospital to visit a woman who was completely unable to move the right side of her body from a stroke(中风). One day, my husband, Jack, got Angel up into a chair next to the woman’s bed, asking her if she wanted to give Angel a treat. She nodded. Angel gently took the treat. Then the woman raised her right hand and started petting Angel. Her friend couldn’t believe her eyes.After that, every time we saw the woman, she lifted her left hand. We’d tell her she had to use her right hand, and she would. Next, you’ll fall in love with this woman’s story of rearing her own Angel later in her family and why she calls it the best decision she ever made.4. Who is Angel?A. A pet trainer.B. A hospitalC. A therapy dog.D. The author’s kid.5. What does Angel usually do?A. Save seriously ill people.B. Pay visits to kids in hospital.C. Protect the elderly in their homes.D. Help children at a special camp.6. Why was the woman’s friend astonished?A The woman moved her right hand.B. The woman treated Angel.C. Angel helped the woman recover.D. Angel got along with the woman.7. What does the underlined word “rearing” in the last paragraph mean?A. Accompanying.B. Raising.C. Assisting.D. Training.CNostalgia (怀旧) has become increasingly common in our current climate of accelerated, unexpected change. More and more Americans are turning back with longing towhat feels like simpler, sweeter times. They collect cassette tapes, manual typewriters even decades-old video games.Is it a mistake to get too obsessed with the past? Some psychologists warn that too much devotion to the so-called good old days is an escape from reality; it can indicate loneliness or that a person is having a difficult time coping in the present. Psychologist Stephanie Coontz argues that nostalgia distracts us from addressing the problems of modern life and contribute to anxiety, depression , insomnia etc.But new studies suggest that a modest dose of nostalgia is not only harmless, but actually beneficial. They suggest it helps strengthen our sense of identity and makes us feel more optimistic and inspired. It is also a tool for self — discovery and memories are a psychological immune response that is triggered when you want to take a break from negativity. Interestingly, those happy memories can be particularly beneficial both to kids in their teens and to society's elders. Recalling our childhood reminds us of “the times when we were accepted and loved unconditionally," says Krystine Batcho, a psychologist. "That is such a powerfully comforting phenomenon, knowing that there was a time in life when we didn't have to earn our love." Nostalgia can transform even the most ordinary past into legends which warms the heart and the body. Let's not forget that nostalgia has been a source of inspiration to innumerable American writers. Mark Twain recalled his boyhood, writing, "after all these years, I can picture that old time to myself now, just as it was then：The white town drowsing in the sunshine of a summer's morning."So go ahead, daydream a little about your best childhood friend, your first car, a long - gone family pct. As Dr. Sedikidessays，"Nostalgia is ly central to human experience. "But at the same time, keep these words of wisdom from the great inventor Charles Kettering in mind as well："You can't have a better tomorrow if you are thinking about yesterday all the time. "38. What did some psychologists in paragraph 2 probably agree?A. Nostalgia will cause some mental problems.B. Nostalgia makes us devoted to the good old days.C. Nostalgia shows you are trying to get rid of loneliness.D. Nostalgia helps us cope with the difficult time we are going through.9. There are many benefits of nostalgia except ________A. It can enable us to know ourselves better.B. It can bring us some comfort when we recall.C. We are likely to gain attention if we recall the happy childhood.D. We can sometimes break away from negativity with happy memories.10. What will be talked about in the following paragraph?A. The bad influence of too much devotion to nostalgia.B. The reasons why we should avoid nostalgia.C. The bad memories that always stick around you.D. The great changes nostalgia will bring to you.11. What's the best title of the passage?A. We all have a soft spot for nostalgia.B. Nostalgia is actually good for you.C. Don't be carried away by nostalgia.D. There are many times when we like to recall.DClara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles when a flight attendant asked an urgent(紧急的) question over the loudspeaker: “Does anyone on board know American Body Language?” She knew she needed to help.Clara, 15 at the time, pressed the call button. The flight attendant came by and explained the situation. “We have a passenger on the plane who’s blind and deaf,” she said. The passenger seemed to want something, but he was traveling alone and the flight attendants couldn’t understand what he needed, according to PEOPLE magazine.Clara had been studying ASL for the past year to help with her dyslexia (阅读障碍) and knew she’d be able to spell on the man’s palm(手掌) by finger. So she unbuckled her seat belt, walked toward the front of the plane, and knelt by the aisle seat of Tim Cook, then 64. Gently taking his hand, she wrote, “How are you? Are you OK?” Cook asked for some water. When it arrived, Clara returned to her seat. She came by again a bit later because he wanted to know the time. On her third visit, she stopped and stayed for a while.“He didn’t need anything. He was lonely and wanted to talk,” Clara said. So for the next hour, that was whatthey did. She talked about her family and her plans for the future (she wants to be a politician). Cook told Clara how he had gradually become blind over time and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman. Even though he couldn’t see her, she “looked attentively at his face with such kindness”, a passenger reported.“Clara was amazing,” a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in a blog interview. “You could tell Cook was very excited to have someone he could speak to, and she was such a warm-hearted girl.” Cook’s reaction: “Best trip I’ve ever had.”Looking for ways to offer help? Start with this random(随时的) act of kindness that can change someone’s life right now.12. The flight attendant asked an urgent question because ________.A. the passenger was traveling aloneB. the plane was in a dangerous situationC. the passenger asked for something suddenlyD. none of the flight attendants could communicate with the passenger13. Why did Clara talk about her plans for the future?A. Because the flight attendant asked her to do so.B. Because she needed topics to go on talking with Cook.C. Because Cook hoped to understand teenagers better.D. Because she wanted to show her dream for the future.14. Which of the following words can best describe Clara?A. Kind and caring.B. Warm-hearted and brave.C. careful and calm.D. opened-minded and confident.15. The passage is mainly written to ________.A. tell a touching story of an amazing girlB. show the great importance of American Body LanguageC. encourage readers to give a hand kindly and randomlyD. show how kind the flight attendant was to help Cook第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析
2020届佛山市南海区西樵高级中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALast summer, Katie Steller pulled off the freeway on her way to work inMinneapolis. She stopped at a traffic light, where a man was sitting with a sign asking for help. She rolled down her window and shouted. “Hey. I’m driving around giving free haircuts. Do you want one right now?” The man laughed, then paused. “Actually,” he said, “I was really hoping to get a haircut.” Steller pulled out a red chair from her car and helped the man cut his hair immediately. After the work was done, the man looked in a mirror. “I look good!” he said.Up to now, Steller has given 30 or so such haircuts around the city to people with little influence, and she is strongly aware of the power of her cleanup job.As a teen, she suffered from a severe disease, causing her hair to get thinned, so her mother arranged for Steller’s first professional haircut. “To sit down and have somebody look at me and talk to me like a person and not just an illness, it helped me feel cared about and less alone,” she says. After that, Steller knew she wanted to have her own barbershop so she could help people feel the way she’d felt that day. Not long after finishing cosmetology (美容术) school in 2009, she began what she now calls her Red Chair Project, reaching out to people on the streets. Her aim was that by doing some kind acts, others would be inspired to spread their own.“Part of what broke my heart was just how lonely peoplelooked,” she said. “I thought maybe I’d go around and ask if people want free haircuts. I can’t fix their problems, but maybe I can help them feel less alone for a moment.”It all began with a belief in simple acts of kindness, such as a free haircut. “The way you show up in the world matters,” said Steller. “You have no idea what people are going to do with the kindness that you give them.”1. How does the writer begin the passage?A. By making a comparison.B. By giving a reason.C. By raising a question.D. By describing a scene.2. What made Stellar start the Red Chair Project?A. Her mother’s love for her.B. Her interest in cosmetology.C. Her care for those in need.D. Her wish to fight severe diseases.3. What did Stellar expect from the project?A. To spread kindness.B. To solve social problems.C. To deal with relationships.D. To make people look smarter.BOnline education has grown fast over the past ten years. The explosion of technology has made teaching outside the traditional classroom possible for teachers and has provided learners with easy access to course materials. Its attractiveness, benefits, and challenges are addressed.In April, 2005, I was approached by a student who was interested in our doctoral program. However, the first question out of her mouth was, “Do you offer any online courses?” Later that day, as I was reading the conference program guide trying for interesting presentations, I noticed many workshops on web-based learning and online education. I later attended two of those workshops and met several professors from different universities who had either taught online courses for quite some time or who were discovering the best practice for teaching online. These experiences helped me realize at least to some extent the degree of growth in online education.My responsibilities for the term included gaining more understanding of online education. Consequently, I made several attempts to enrich my knowledge of distance learning and online teaching. I consulted with my colleagues who were teaching online courses. This helped me recognize the importance of getting materials prepared even before the start of a term. I also learned that online courses may consume more time than regular classroom teaching. And I attended several workshops regarding online education and established a network with those who were involved in online programs at other universities. I will consider these people as my consultants as I begin to design my own online course. Also, I conducted a brief survey with 15 students and two faculty members who had taken or taught an online course before to understand their experience. Eventually I completed a literature review which gave me the foundation and the background of understanding the need for online education.4. What benefits the development of online education?A. Teachers’ good teaching ability.B. Lack of traditional classrooms.C. Learners’ access to free courses.D. The rapid advance of technology.5. Why did the author take a student for example?A. To show students’ love for the doctoral program.B. To persuade learners of traditional education.C. To explain the growing trend of online education.D. To predict the future of the teaching career.6. What caused the author to know more about online education?A. The appetite for knowledge.B. The professional responsibilities.C. The requirement of research.D. The colleagues’ encouragement.7. What is the author’s attitude to online education?A. Carefree.B. Doubtful.C. Supportive.D. Unwilling.CIt is universally acknowledged that renewable energy sources such as solar, wind and hydropower are all much better for the climate than fossil fuels.It is true for wind and solar. However, the picture for hydropower is more complicated than we think.A new study by the Environmental Defense Fund analyzed the climate impacts of 1,500 hydropower facilities across the globe. That accounts for about half of hydropower generation worldwide. The researchers looked at whether the facilities behave as a greenhouse gas sink or as a source. To figure this out, they looked into all the different components that help determine a hydropower facility's greenhouse gasemissions (排放).“There are so many contributors to greenhouse gas emissions from hydropower — but essentially, the majority of greenhouse gas emissions arise from the reservoir (水库) itself, as vegetation and soils are submerged underwater in the dam thatis used for the hydropower generation.” said lissa Ocko, a senior climate scientist at the Environmental Defense Fund and co-author of the study. As the submerged vegetation breaks down, it releases greenhouse gases such as CO2.“The larger the surface area of the reservoir, the more greenhouse gases are going to be given out from that reservoir. Also, the temperature plays a role as well how warm the reservoir is will affect how much greenhouse gases are produced and given out from the reservoir.” added Ocko.Through their analysis, Ocko and her co-author Steven Hamburg, also with the Environmental Defense Fund, discovered that the climate impacts of hydropower cover a complete range. The good news is that some facilities perform just as well as wind and solar. But shockingly, more than 100 facilities are actually worse for the climate than fossil fuels. The study is in the journalEnvironmentalScience and Technology.This finding doesn't mean we should forget about hydropower. “But we just need to be careful to make sure that we have climate benefits. There are a lot of situations where hydropower can be equal to wind and solar. So it really depends on the specific facility." said Ocko.8. How do scientists prove hydropower facilities' effect on the climate?A. By making comparisons.B. By conducting experiments.C. By referring to previous studies.D. By analyzing causes and effects.9. What are the main sources of greenhouse gases from hydropower?A. Vegetation and soils.B. Heat and sunlight.C. Pollutants in the reservoir.D. Components of the generators.10. What have Ocko and her co-author Steven Hamburg found?A The surface area of a reservoir decides the climate.B. Hydropower often influences the climate in all aspects.C. Some facilities perform much better than wind and solar.D. Fossil fuels are worse for the climate than over 100 facilities.11. What is the text mainly about?A. Scientists urge an end to hydropower.B. Hydropower is not necessarily green.C. Hydropower is worse than fossil fuels.D. Renewable energy is a complicated issue.DYou’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part ofVon Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明）a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteerscollected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped（倾倒）from a truck all atonce.Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.12. What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for?A. Beautifying the city he lives in.B. Introducing eco-friendly products.C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste.D. Reducing garbage on the beach.13. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?A. To show the difficulty of their recycling.B. To explain why they are useful.C. To voice his views on modern art.D. To find a substitute for them.14. What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers?A. Calming.B. Disturbing.C. Refreshing.D. Challenging.15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Artists’ Opinions on Plastic SafetyB. Media Interest in Contemporary ArtC. Responsibility Demanded of Big CompaniesD. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
佛山市南海区西樵高级中学_企业报告(业主版)
中标金额（万元） 公告时间
TOP2
佛山市南海区西樵高级中学修缮 工程定点议价采购
广东洋艺建设有限 公司
41.9
TOP3
佛山市南海区西樵高级中学修缮 工程定点议价采购
广东洪实建设技术 开发工程有限公司
41.7
TOP4
佛山市南海区西樵高级中学修缮 工程定点议价采购
广东省越海建筑装 饰工程有限公司
36.5
0.7
TOP8
佛山市南海区西樵高级中学单主 机直接订购采购
佛山市泓耀科技有 限公司
0.7
TOP9
佛山市南海区西樵高级中学分体 台式机直接订购采购
佛山市明扬计算机 科技有限公司
0.6
TOP10
佛山市南海区西樵高级中学电子 卖场直接订购成交公告
佛山市明扬计算机 科技有限公司
0.6
*按近 1 年项目金额排序，最多展示前 10 记录。
企业基本信息
单位名称: 营业范围：
佛山市南海区西樵高级中学 承担中学教育，培养德、智、体全面发展的学生。
一、采购需求
1.1 总体指标
近 1 年(2022-09~2023-08)：
项目数(个)
122
同比增长：35.6%
项目总金额(万元)
(不含费率与未公示金额)
￥1968.81
同比增长：87.5%
平均金额(万元)
佛山市皓云信息科 技有限公司
49.0
TOP4
佛山市南海区西樵高级中学塔式 服务器等直接订购采购
广东极趣科技有限 公司
37.0
TOP5
佛山市南海区西樵高级中学电子 卖场直接订购成交公告
广东极趣科技有限 公司
37.0
TOP6
2024年学年第一学期西樵中学安全工作总结（二篇）
2024年学年第一学期西樵中学安全工作总结西樵中学2024学年第一学期的安全工作总结随着社会的快速发展和学校规模的扩大，学校的安全工作显得愈发重要。
为了保障广大师生员工的生命安全和财产安全，西樵中学在2024学年第一学期认真组织开展了一系列安全工作。
下面，我对本学期的安全工作进行总结。
一、安全防范工作本学期，我们紧密围绕学校的安全风险，严密排查了各类安全隐患。
学校各处的设备、设施、电器维修和保养进行了全面的检查和维护。
校园巡逻队的成立和保卫部门的加强也使得学校的安全防范工作更加完善。
二、火灾安全工作火灾是学校中常见的安全隐患之一，为了预防和应对火灾事故，学校在本学期开展了一系列的火灾安全工作。
首先，加强了学生的火灾安全教育，向学生普及火灾的危害性和应急处理知识。
其次，建立了火灾隐患排查制度，定期对教室、宿舍、实验室等场所进行安全隐患排查。
最后，学校还组织了火灾演练，提高了师生们的火灾应急处理能力。
三、交通安全工作学校的交通安全问题一直是我们非常重视的工作。
本学期，学校继续加大了对学生的交通安全教育力度，通过多种形式向学生宣传交通安全知识，提高学生的交通安全意识。
此外，学校还与附近的交警部门合作，共同加强对校园周边交通秩序的管理和维护，确保师生出行的安全。
四、食品安全工作食品安全工作一直是我们学校的重点工作之一。
本学期，学校进一步加强了对食品供应商的管理，并加强了对食堂员工的培训和监督。
学校定期与食堂进行卫生检查，确保食堂的环境卫生和食品质量符合标准。
此外，学校还加强了对师生的食品安全教育，提高他们的食品安全意识。
五、突发事件应急处置工作学校的突发事件应急处置能力一直是我们非常注重的工作。
本学期，学校开展了应急演练，并组织了应急预案的制定和修订工作。
同时，学校安装了应急求助设备，确保能够及时报警并抢救受伤者。
在本学期的安全工作中，学校采取了一系列措施，安全意识和安全水平有了明显提高，取得了一定的成绩。
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（2）I1=0.095A
练习、如图所示，一理想变压器原、副线圈 的匝数比为n1：n2=3：1，有四只相同的灯泡 连入电路中，若灯泡L2、L3、L4均能正常发光， 则灯泡L1 （ ）A A、也能正常发光 B、较另三个灯暗些 C、将会烧坏 L 1 D、不能确定
n1 n2 L2 L3 L4
*八、几种常用变压器 1.自耦变压器
副线圈 产生感 应电动势 副线圈中 如有电流
互感现象是变压器工作的基础
强调： ①原、副线圈之间是通过 交变磁场相互联系的，且穿 过它们的磁通量始终相等。 ②从能量的角度看，显然 变压器不能产生电能，只是
通过交变磁场传输电能。
∽ U1
n1
n2
U2
副 线 圈
∽
原 线 圈
铁芯
思考：若给原线圈接直流电压U1，副线圈 电压U2 情况怎样？ U2＝0
电压，产生交链一、二次绕组的交变磁通，在两绕组中分
别感应电动势E1、 E2 。
i1
U1
Φ
i2
u1
ZL
u1
U2
e1
e2 u 2
u2
只要：(1)磁通有变化量;(2)一、二次绕组的匝数不 同，就能达到改变电压的目的。
原线圈 接 交 流 电 原线圈 产生感 应电动势
在铁芯中 产生变化 的磁通量 在铁芯中 产生变化 的磁通量
*练习、如图所示，理想变压器原副线圈匝数 比为4: 1，原线圈中的电阻Ra与副线圈中的负载 电阻Rb阻值相等。a b端加一交流电压U后， （1）两电阻消耗的功率之比为多少？ （2）两电阻两端电压之比为多少？ （3） Rb 电阻两端电压为多少？
（1）1:16 （2）1:4
4U （3） Ub= 17
a U b
练、如图所示：理想变压器的交流输入电压 U1=220V ，有两组副线圈，其中 n2=36 匝，标 有“6V，9W”、“12V，12W”的灯泡分别接在 两副线圈上均正常发光，求：
（1）原线圈的匝数为n1和另一副线圈的匝数n3.
（2）原线圈的电流I1。
n2
（1）n2 ＝1320匝
n3= 72匝
n1 n3
练习3、一理想变压器，原线圈匝数 n1=1100，接在电压220V的交流电源上， 当它对11只并联的“36V，60w”的灯泡 供电时，灯泡正常发光。由此可知副线 180 圈的匝数n2=_____ ，通过原线圈的电流 I1 =______ 3 A。
(1) (2) 或 U1=220V, U2=36V, U1/U2=n1/n2 I2=P2/U2=660/36A, I1/I2=n2/n1 P1=P2=660W, I1=P1/U1
I 1 n2 I 2 n1
注意：此式只适用于有一个副线圈的变压 器，不适用于有多个副线圈的变压器。
注意： 电流小的高压线圈所用的导线较细 电流大的低压线圈所用的导线较粗
五、变压器的特点：
1、变压器不能改变稳恒电压
2、变压器不能改变交流电的周期和频率 3、输出电压由输入电压决定 输入功率由输出功率决定 输入电流由输出电流决定
BD
练习4、 如图所示：理想变压器的原线圈 接高电压，变压后接用电器，线路电阻不计。 S原来闭合，且R1=R2，现将S断开，那么交流 电压表的示数U、交流电流表的示数I 和用电 器上R1的功率PR1将分别（ ） D
A. U 增大、I 增大、PR1 增大 C. U 减小、I 减小、PR1 减小 思考：变压器输入输 出电压、电流、功率大 小之间的因果关系 是 怎样的？ B. U 不变、I 减小、PR1 增大 D. U 不变、I 减小、PR1 不变
1、理想变压器的变压规律
原、副线圈中产生的感应电 动势分别是： E1=n1/ t E2=n2/ t
∽ U1
n1 n 2
U2
∽
E1 n1 E2 n2
U 1 n1 U 2 n2
原 线 圈
铁芯
副 线 圈
若不考虑原副线圈的内阻有
U1=E1 U2=E2
理想变压器原副线圈的端电压之比 等于这两个线圈的匝数之比
第六节 变压器
西樵高级中学 方红德
一些用电器的工作电压
用电器 随身听 扫描仪 额定工作电压 3V 12V 用电器 机床上的照明灯 防身器 额定工作电压 36V 3000V
手机 充电器 录音机
4.2V 4.4V 5.3V 黑白电视机显像管
6V 9V 12V 彩色电视机显像管
几万伏
十几万伏
但我们国家民用统一供电均为220V，那么如何 使这些额定电压不是220V的电器设备正常工作的 呢？
U1 n1
七、有多个副线圈的理想变压器的问题 一个原线圈多个副线圈的理想变压器，原 线圈匝数为n1，两个副线圈的匝数分别为n2和n3， 相应的电压分别为U1、U2和U3，相应的电流分 别为I1、I2和I3，根据变压器的工作原理可得： U1 n1 U1 n1 2 1 U 3 n3 U 2 n2
磁感线集中在铁芯内部，大大提高了变压器的效率。
四、理想变压器
如果在能量转化的过程中能量损失很小， 能够略去原、副线圈的电阻，以及各种电磁 能量损失，这样的变压器我们称之为理想变 压器。这是物理学中又一种理想化模型。
实际上变压器的效率都是比较高的，特别是 电力设备中的巨大变压器，在满负荷工作时效率 可以达到97%~99%，所以理论研究时我们把它 当成100%（理想变压器）是没有问题的。
A
~
S
V
R1 R2
六、变压器输入输出电压、电流、功率大 小之间的因果关系 1.输入功率P1由输出功率P2决定；P1＝P2 2.U1由电源决定； 3.U2由U1和匝数比决定；U2＝n2/n1· U1
4.I2由U2和负载决定； I2＝U2／R
5.I1由I2和匝数比决定； I1＝n2/n1· I2
I1
I2 n 2U 2 R
U 1 n1 U 2 n2
n2 >n1 U2>U1 -----升压变压器 n2 <n1 U2 <U1 -----降压变压器
2、理想变压器的变流规入 U1I1=U2I2
I1 U 2 n2 I 2 U1 n1
理想变压器原副线圈的电流跟它们的匝 数成反比
∽ U1
n1
n2
U2 ∽
n1
n2
结构示意图
电路中的符号
问题：①变压器原线圈和副线圈电路是否相通？
( 不相通）
②变压器原副线圈不相通，那么在给原 线圈接交变电压U1后，副线圈两端的交流 电压U2是怎样产生的？
三、变压器的工作原理
变压器的主要部件是一个铁心和套在铁心上的两个绕 组。两绕组只有磁耦合没电联系。在一次绕组中加上交变
一、几种常见的变压器电源变压器
三相干式变压器
接触调压器
环形变压器
一、几种常见的变压器
一、几种常见的变压器
控制变压器
一、几种常见的变压器
二、变压器的构造
U1
n1 n2
U2
原线圈（初级线圈）：跟电源相连，用绝缘线绕成的 副线圈（次级线圈）：跟负载相连，用绝缘线绕成的 闭合铁芯是由涂有绝缘漆的硅钢薄片叠合而成。 注意：线圈必须绕在铁芯上，铁芯必须是闭合的。
问题1：原、副线圈不套在闭 合铁芯上，是否仍然存在互感 现象？ （仍存在）
∽ U1
n 1 n2
U2 副 线 圈
∽
原 线 圈
铁芯
问题2：为什么说闭合铁芯是变压器的必要组成部分？
（铁芯的作用是什么？）
如果无铁芯，原副线圈所激发的交变磁场的磁感线只 有一小部分穿过对方，漏失的磁感线不会在原副线圈 中传送电能。如有铁芯，由于铁芯被磁化，绝大部分
本节课小结
一、变压器的构造
1．构造：
2．示意图
3．电路图中符号 二、变压器的工作原理 —— 互感现象
1、变压器只能改变交流电的电压和电流 2、能量转化：电能→磁场能→电能 3、理想变压器 P入＝P出
本节课小结
三、理想变压器的变压规律
U 1 n1 U 2 n2
四、理想变压器的变流规律：
I 1 n2 I 2 n1
由（ 1）（2）式得：
U 2 n2 ＝ (3) U3 n3
根据P入＝P出得
I1U1＝I2 U2＋I3U3 --------（4）
将（ 1）（3）式代入（4）式得
n3 n1 I1U 2 I 2U 2 I 3U 2 n2 n2
I1n1 I 2n2 I3n3
例、一台理想变压器原线圈匝数n1＝1100匝，两个副 线圈的匝数分别是n2＝60匝，n3＝600匝。若通过两 个副线圈中的电流分别为I2＝1A，I3＝4A，求原线圈 中的电流。 2.24A
P
问题：有没有只 用一组线圈来实 现变压的变压器？
U1
A
B
U2
自耦变压器的 原副线圈共用一 个线圈
n2
U1
n1
n2
U2
U1
n1
U2
降压变压器
升压变压器
2.互感器
钳式电流仪
V
A
电压互感器
使用时把原线圈与 电路并联，原线圈匝 数多于副线圈匝数
电流互感器
使用时把原线圈与 电路串联，原线圈匝 数少于副线圈匝数
Ra Rb
n1 n2
*例、在绕制变压器时，某学生误将两个线圈绕在如 图所示变压器左右两臂上，当通以交变电流时，每个 线圈产生的磁通量都只有一半通过另一个线圈，另一 半通过中部的臂，已知线圈的匝数之比n1:n2＝2：1.在 不接负载的情况下，则（ ） A．当线圈1输入电压为220V时， 线圈2输出电压为110V B．当线圈1输入电压为220V时， 线圈2输出电压为55V C．当线圈2输入电压为110V时， 线圈1输出电压为220V D．当线圈2输入电压为110V时， 线圈1输出电压为110V