四级作文写作套路

重点写作方法介绍1.列举法(1)列举重要性(跌降法与递进法)-----常用的列举重要性的过渡词语:a.表示“首先”----first/ firstly/ first of all/ to begin with/ first and foremost(跌降法)但不可以用at first.b.表示“第二”“其次”“此外”“况且”-----second/ secondly/ and / besides/ moreover/ additionally/furthermore/ what’s more / in addition/ besides+名词短语/ in addition to+名词短语c.表示“最后”-------finally/ last/ lastly/ last but not least (最后但并非最不重要的是)但不能用at last或in the endd.表示“总之”“简言之”------in conclusion/ in summary/ to conclude/ to summarize/to sum up/ in short/ in brief/ in a worde.表示“综上所述”-------from the foregoing/ from what has been discussed above/from what has been mentioned above/ from the above analysis[例文] Key to SuccessIn such a competitive society, everyone has a strong desire to be successful in his life. But how to achieve success? In my opinion, there are three main keys---a clear objective, strong willpower and diligence.First, it is very important to set up a goal before you start. No one can be successful without a goal in his mind. Besides, you need a strong willpower to keep you go ahead. There always are tough stones in every road to success. Whether you can go though it depends on whether you are persistent enough. Last but not least, everyone who wants to succeed should be diligent. There is an old saying, “No pains, no gains.”Most successful people owe their success to hard working, such as Einstein.In conclusion, if we want to be successful, we have to master the three main keys mentioned above. There is no shortcut to success. The three keys will assure you to realize your beautiful dreams.(2)列举严重性或危害性------a. 表示“首先”同上b. 表示“更严重的是”“更糟糕的是”----more serious/ even worse/ to make matters worsec. 表示“最严重的是”“最糟糕的是”----most serious of all/ worst of all(3) 列举利弊-----(结合以上两种方法灵活运用)-------- [课内练习] Job-hopping[套路1]Nowadays, _______(所要讨论的主题)is popular around us/ plays an important part in people’s life. Like everything else, _______(所要讨论的主题) has both favorable and unfavorable aspects. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.First,_________(第一个好处). Besides,__________( 第二个好处). Most important of all, ________(第三个好处).But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. To begin with, ______(第一个坏处). To make matters worse, ________(第二个坏处). Worst of all, ________(第三个坏处).From the above analysis, I believe that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. Therefore, ______________________(结论).[例文] Job-hoppingNowadays, many people are unwilling to dedicate their life to one job. Job-hopping plays an important part in people’s life. Like everything else, job-hopping has both favorable and unfavorable aspects. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.First, job-hopping gives one opportunities to make many friends in a completely new environment. Besides, it is also a good chance for people to adjust themselves to a new job. They will work harder as well as better than ever after they build on experience and learn from the past mistakes. Most important of all, new challenges will develop their latent creative abilities and encourage them to aim higher targets.But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. To begin with, resigning a job leads them into a state of temporary unemployment. Their earnings become unstable. To make matters worse, job-hopping costs them much time and money to apply for a new position. Worst of all, people will feel frustrated and be likely to stray away from life targets when job-hopping is not successful.From the above analysis, I believe that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. Therefore, more and more people are willing to change jobs in order to have a bright future.[套路2]____________(概述句,说明目前的现象). As every coin has two sides, _________(所要讨论的主题) is no exception. Generally the advantages of ________(所要讨论的主题) can be listed as follows.Firstly, ____________(第一个好处). Furthermore, ___________(第二个好处). Most important of all, _________(第三个好处)While we mention the advantages of ________(所要讨论的主题), we cannot ignore its disadvantages. For example,____________( 第一个坏处). To make matters worse, _________(第二个坏处). Worst of all,________( 第三个坏处).In conclusion, whether good or bad, the tendency that________(具体说明什么趋势) cannot be stopped at least in a few years ahead. Therefore, _______(结论句).[例文] InternetInternet, as a symbol of modern civilization, is playing a vital part in the daily activities of human society. As every coin has two sides, Internet is no exception. Generally the advantages of Internet can be listed as follows.Firstly, people can collect more and more useful information from the Internet.Furthermore, Internet has greatly improved our work efficiency, especially in our daily business activities. Most important of all, Internet is making our world smaller and improving unification of global economy.While we mention the advantages of Internet, we cannot ignore its disadvantages. For example, a lot of children spend too much time playing Internet games.To make matters worse, many fake products have been propagated on Internet. Worst of all, some people committed crimes on the Internet and made some companies or even some countries suffer a great loss economically.In conclusion, whether good or bad, the tendency that more and more people like to use Internet cannot be stopped at least in a few years ahead. Therefore, we should lay down some rules of the Internet at once to stop the Internet misconduct. Only in this way can we enjoy the advantages of Internet.(4) 列举方法[套路] How to……____________(想做而难做的事). To_______(要达到的目的), I can suggest several ways as follows./To solve this thorny problem, several methods can be adopted./ To _______(要达到的目的), we have many ways, but the following ones are most immediate and effective.One of these is that ________(第一种方法). Another approach is ________(第二种方法). Furthermore, /A further way________(第三种方法).In brief, if you can do as above, _______________(展望).[例文] How to Lose WeightWith the improvement of people’s living condition, people can enjoy nice food, but nice food has made a lot of fat people. Some people decide to lose weight. To lose weight, we have many ways, but the following ones are most immediate and effective.One way is to take medicines to be slim quickly. But some of these medicines are harmful to our health. Another approach is to set a limit to high calorie food and eat more fruit. In doing so, we can reduce the fat but meanwhile, we may also hurt the stomach and the bowel. So this is not a perfect way, either. A further way is to do physical exercises every day.In conclusion, these are not the only three ways to lose weight. However, it should be noted that the best way to lose weight is to do physical exercises every day. Only in this way can we not only lose weight but also improve our health.2 举例法(1) 用一个具体的例证来展开文章的主题思想Learn a Good Lesson from past MistakesAs Pope put it, “To err is human; to forgive, divine.” It doesn’t matter if you have made a mistake before. What matters is whether you can learn a good lesson from past mistakes.For instance, if your problems can teach you something, they will no longer be problems. When you learn what your weaknesses have to teach, they will become your strengths. What you learn in times of scarcity will bring you into a time of abundance. Learn to learn from every experience, and it will change you for the better. Your problems, your weaknesses, your setbacks, your regrets and mistakes will teach you if you are willing to learn, or they will punish you if you are not.In conclusion, your past has much to teach about how you can live in the present to create a fulfilling future. Be willing to learn from it all, and you will be better equipped to live it fully.(2) 用多项例子说明文章的主题My View on Animal CommunicationMany people think that animals cannot communicate with each other. In their opinion, they cannot speak or write. However, I hold that they can communicate. The following examples serve as proofs to support my view.First, animals of the same species can communicate with each other through signals. Bees, for example, use signals to communicate information to other bees. When a bee has found food, it returns to its own hive. It dances in the air to tell other bees the place where the food is.As another instance, some animals make sounds to communicate their feelings to pass information to each other. A case in point is that a dog barks when it is angry or excited. This is also true in the case of birds. Birds make sounds to show danger or friendship.Interestingly enough, animals can even communicate with each other by touch. Lions rub each other to show love or friendship and so do tigers.The list of examples is endless. In a word, these are the usual ways animals “talk” with each other.3. 因果关系法-----综合套路开头段:(1)__________(提出论点).The reasons are listed as follows:/ The following are possible reasons.(2)__________(目前的现象). There are many reasons for ______(所要讨论的主题), but ingeneral they come down to three major ones.展开段: For one thing,/First, ________(第一个原因). For another,/ Additionally,_______( 第二个原因).Most important of all/ Third, ______(第三个原因).结论段: Therefore/ From the foregoing/ As I have mentioned above, ____________(结论)4.议论文------立论与驳论（1）开头段●It is commonly believed that…, but I wonder whether this argument is well grounded.●We are often told these days that…. But is this really the case?●Recently, the problem of ….has aroused public concern. Some people believe that…. But others holdthat…. As to me, I am on the first/second side of the argument. The reasons are as follows.●There is no agreement among people as to the issue of …….Some people hold that…while others holdthat…. From my point of view, it is more advisable to support the first /second opinion rather than the second/first one.●When asked about …., some people prefer to ….; others, however, prefer to …. As to me, I choose thefirst/second way/method/approach. The following reasons can account for my inclination.●There is a public debate today whether……..It is held by some people that…., but other people believethat…. In my part, I prefer the first/ second rather than the second/first view.●When we come to talk about…., some people think that….. Other people hold that…. As to me, bothviews have their limitations.（2）结尾段●Taking all these factors into consideration, we may reasonably draw a conclusion that….●Given the factors I have just outlined, I can only say that……●From the foregoing, it is wiser to support the statement that….●Weighing up the arguments on both sides, I’m inclined to believe that….●In conclusion, the first/second view cannot hold water/ bear much analysis/ stand up to closeexamination. It is my contention that…..(3)展开段-----驳论●To begin with, while it is true that…, it doesn’t mean that…..●At first thought, this idea sounds true, but on second thoughts, we can find there are some problemswith this view. First, … Second, Third,●Admittedly,/ Indeed/Certainly/Of course/Undoubtedly,……but it is more advisably …..because……● A careful analysis of this argument would reveal how groundless it is to claim that….5.议论文------折中法●There is no agreement among people as to the issue whether….. Some people focus more attention on…,while others may think….. From my point of view, both A and B play significant roles in…..●In conclusion, A and B are just like your right and left hands. They complement each other. Neither ismore important than the other. Only if we depend on both of them, can we…..●From the above analysis, we can arrive at a conclusion that it is the balance between A and B that……6. 图表分析法-----描述图表时常用的词语(1)表示各种图形----表格table/ 曲线图chart /线条图line graph /条状图bar chart /饼状图pie chart(2)表示“如图所示”-----According to the table,….As (is) shown /indicated/ illustrated in the chart,….The line graph shows/ indicates/ illustrates that…..(3)表示时间跨度------from 1990 to 1999over the period from 1981 to 2001during the past three decadesbetween 1981 and 1985(4)表示上升------increase/ rise/ go up(5)表示下降------decrease/ fall/ go down(6)表示“上升/下降到……”------to(7)表示“上升/下降了……”------by(8)表示呈上升趋势------on the rise/ increasetend to go up/ rise/ increase(9)表示呈下降趋势------on the declinetend to go down/ decrease/ fall(10)表示(在数量比例方面) 占…-----account for/ make upE.g. Girls account for/ make up 60% of this class.(11)表示“分别”“各自”-------respectivelyE.g. In 1960 and 1990, the life expectancy was about 40 and 60 years old respectively.(12)表示“(某时)发生(某事)”-----see/ witnessE.g. August saw / witnessed the most accidents of the year.。