必修一 第一单元练习题
人教版高一英语必修一 Unit 1 单元基础复习练习题 含答案
人教版高一英语必修一Unit 1 单元基础复习练习题一、单项选择1. This is the reason ____he explained to me just now.A. whyB. whichC. becauseD. about which2. The reason he is late is there was a breakdown on the railway.A. why; whyB. because; thatC. that; becauseD. why; that3. I will never forget the day _____ we worked together in London.A. whenB. on thatC. whichD. while4. I will never forget the day _____ we spend together.A. whenB. on thatC. whichD. while5. Because he was six, he decided to _____ himself.A. wearB. have onC. dressD. put on6. It was 8 o’clock _____ I went back home last night.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. what7. __________ you missed such a fine lecture?A. How it was thatB. It was how thatC. How was it thatD. Was it how that8. I just wonder _______ that makes you so excited.A. why it doesB. what he doesC. how it isD. what it is9. It was not until she got home __ Mary realized she had lost her keys.A. thatB. whenC. whereD. before10. What do you think ______ cut down the big tree?A. we can'tB. can't weC. that we can'tD. that can't we二、用括号里所给词汇的正确形式填空1. I find the story really worth ______(read).2. Where ____you ___ (be) for the past few years?3. They are practising _______(sing) the new songs.4. What do you think ______ (cause)an apple ______ (fall) to the ground?5. This book deals with questions _________(concern) Anti-Japanese War.三、用方框里所给词汇的正确形式填空join ; join in ; take part in; attend1. Will you ________ the lecture on science?2. Would you like to _______ us ___ playing football?3. After ____________ the League, he often helps others.4. She ______________ the music competition.5. We _______ a country club that year.6. We’re going to visit the flower show tomorrow. Will you ____ us?7. The boy ________ the English Evening and had a good time.8. He didn’t _________ school yesterday because of his illness.四、从方框内选用合适的内容，并用其适当形式完成下面短文（每项限用一次）。
人教版高中语文必修上册第1单元测试题及参考答案
人教版高中语文必修上册第单元测试题一、基础积累．下列选项中，加点字注音全都正确的一项是()A ．摈．弃()遒劲．()蜡炬．()百舸．()争流B ．忸怩．．()铆．钉()慰藉．()峥．嵘()岁月C ．寥．廓()脊髓．．()包扎．()虫咬鼠啮．()D ．掂量．()间．歇()辟．谣()磕磕绊．绊()．下列句子没有错别字．．．的一句是()A ．是醒来，抑或是睡去，你对死的理解一定比我们凡人梦想到的更加真切……B ．没有赶上他，但双脚涨痛得像火烧似的。
C ．啊，中秋节，在我的故乡，现在一定又是家家门前放一张竹茶几，上面供一副香烛，几牒瓜果月饼。
D ．她这才想到把它举起来仔细端祥。
她想，为什么坐了一路火车，竟没有拿出来好好看看？．下列句子中的加点词语，运用不正确．．．的一项是()A ．天黑了，天边涌起．．一轮满月。
B ．我回转身看见新媳妇已轻轻移过一盏油灯，解开他的衣服，她刚才那种忸怩羞涩已经完全消失，只是庄严而虔诚．．地给他拭着身子，这位高大而又年轻的小通讯员无声地躺在那里。
C ．她向前望去，她看见迎面有一颗颗黑点在铁轨上蠕动．．。
D ．香雪的小木盒呢，因为．．那是当木匠的父亲为她考上中学特意制作的，它在台儿沟还是独一无二的呢。
．下列文学常识的表述，不正确．．．的一项是()A ．雪莱，法国诗人。
代表作有诗歌《西风颂》、诗剧《解放了的普罗米修斯》等。
B ．《沁园春·长沙》中的“沁园春”是词牌名，它从形式上规定了词的字数、平仄等，与内容没有多大关系。
“长沙”是标题，揭示了有关内容。
C．“新诗”打破了近体诗严格的格律束缚，创造了很多新样式，语言上是运用现代白话。
D．闻一多提出诗歌三美主张，即音乐美，绘画美，建筑美。
．下列选项中，对诗词中表现手法的理解不正确．．．的一项是()A．《沁园春·长沙》里，“怅寥廓，问苍茫大地，谁主沉浮”的设问句，由写景转入抒怀，自然带出下半阕的抒情乐章。
B．《致云雀》中，作者将云雀比作诗人、少女、萤火虫、绿叶，使云雀更加美丽、生动、形象地展现在读者前。
必修一第一单元测试题及答案
必修一第一单元测试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 必修一第一单元的主题是：A. 古代文明的兴起B. 工业革命的影响C. 现代国家的建立D. 科学革命的成果2. 以下哪项不是必修一第一单元中提到的古代文明？A. 古埃及文明B. 古希腊文明C. 古罗马文明D. 古印度文明3. 必修一第一单元中提到的“四大发明”是指：A. 造纸术、火药、印刷术、指南针B. 轮子、火药、印刷术、指南针C. 造纸术、轮子、印刷术、指南针D. 轮子、火药、指南针、计算机4. 必修一第一单元中，以下哪个不是古代文明的共同特征？A. 农业的发展B. 城市的兴起C. 文字的创造D. 蒸汽机的发明5. 必修一第一单元中，关于古代文明的叙述，哪一项是错误的？A. 古埃及文明以尼罗河为中心B. 古希腊文明以海洋为中心C. 古罗马文明以地中海为中心D. 古印度文明以黄河为中心6. 必修一第一单元中，以下哪个不是古代文明的代表性建筑？A. 金字塔B. 帕台农神庙C. 罗马斗兽场D. 埃菲尔铁塔7. 必修一第一单元中，以下哪个不是古代文明的代表性思想家？A. 孔子B. 苏格拉底C. 亚里士多德D. 牛顿8. 必修一第一单元中，以下哪个不是古代文明的代表性艺术作品？A. 《蒙娜丽莎》B. 《大卫》C. 《最后的晚餐》D. 《清明上河图》9. 必修一第一单元中，以下哪个不是古代文明的代表性文学作品？A. 《荷马史诗》B. 《伊利亚特》C. 《奥德赛》D. 《悲惨世界》10. 必修一第一单元中，以下哪个不是古代文明的代表性科学成就？A. 阿基米德定律B. 欧几里得几何学C. 牛顿三大定律D. 毕达哥拉斯定理二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. 必修一第一单元中提到的“四大文明古国”是指________、________、________和________。
12. 必修一第一单元中，古代文明的农业发展主要得益于________的发明。
高一必修一语文第一章试题及答案
高一必修一语文第一章试题及答案一、选择题（每题3分，共30分）1. 下列句子中，使用了反问修辞手法的是：A. 他难道不知道答案吗？B. 他知道答案。
C. 他知道答案，不是吗？D. 他不知道答案。
2. “落霞与孤鹜齐飞，秋水共长天一色”出自哪位诗人之手？A. 李白B. 杜甫C. 王维D. 苏轼3. 下列词语中，属于多义词的是：A. 苹果B. 桌子C. 奔跑D. 道路4. 根据题目要求，下列句子中没有使用排比修辞手法的是：A. 他们有的唱歌，有的跳舞，有的讲故事。
B. 春天来了，花儿开了，草儿绿了。
C. 他学习勤奋，工作认真，生活节俭。
D. 窗外的雨，淅淅沥沥地下着。
5. 下列句子中，使用了夸张修辞手法的是：A. 他跑得很快。
B. 他跑得像风一样快。
C. 他跑得不快。
D. 他跑得非常快。
6. “春眠不觉晓，处处闻啼鸟”是哪位诗人的诗句？A. 李白B. 杜甫C. 王之涣D. 孟浩然7. 下列词语中，属于动词的是：A. 书本B. 阅读C. 桌子D. 椅子8. 根据题目要求，下列句子中使用了设问修辞手法的是：A. 他为什么迟到了？B. 他迟到了，为什么？C. 他迟到了，因为他起床晚了。
D. 他迟到了。
9. 下列句子中，使用了比喻修辞手法的是：A. 他的心像石头一样坚硬。
B. 他的心坚硬。
C. 他的心很坚硬。
D. 他的心坚硬如石。
10. “床前明月光，疑是地上霜”是哪位诗人的诗句？A. 李白B. 杜甫C. 王之涣D. 孟浩然答案：1-5 A D D D B 6-10 D B A A A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 《诗经》是我国最早的一部诗歌总集，分为“风”、“雅”、“颂”三部分。
2. “独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲”出自唐代诗人王维的《九月九日忆山东兄弟》。
3. “春江水暖鸭先知”是宋代诗人苏轼的诗句。
4. “但愿人长久，千里共婵娟”是苏轼的《水调歌头》中的名句。
5. “青青子衿，悠悠我心”出自《诗经·郑风·子衿》。
人教高中 英语必修1unit-1练习题(含答案)
人教高中英语必修1u n i t-1练习题(含答案)------------------------------------------作者xxxx------------------------------------------日期xxxxUnit 1I. 根据下面各句句意以及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示词，写出该单词的正确形式（每空一词）。
1. The phone rang, but she i________ it.2. He had never been abroad and spent his e________ life in China.3. The ship was helpless against the p________ of the storm.4. Farm workers spend most of their time ________ (在户外).5. The books looked old, ________ (积满灰尘的) and unused.6. Open those heavy ________ (窗帘) and let some sunlight in.7. She was very ________ (心烦的) to hear that the holiday had been cancelled.8. The teacher asked the students to choose a(n) ________ (合作者) for the next activity.9. I haven't fully r________ from that flu I had.10. After years of travel, we decided to s________ here.11. The man wore a hat, gloves and a(n) ________ (大衣).12. He put a few clothes in a(n) ________ (手提箱), took his wallet and left.II. 用适当的介词或副词填空。
人教新课标高中英语 必修一 Unit 1 单元练习题含答案
Unit 1 单元练习题一、单项选择1. Hand in hand with reading, he had ______ the habit of making notes .A. developedB. inventedC. madeD. built2. We strongly ________ that the factory close to our school reduce the noise while we are having class.A. quarrelB. bargainC. persuadeD. argue3. I don’t really ________ tea; I like coffee better.A. care forB. care aboutC. care ofD. care with4. The managers of our theaters are _________ singers who can act, but it is hard to find such kind of people.A. in favor ofB. in want ofC. in praise ofD. in charge of5. He was about to tell me the secret ________ someone patted him on the shoulder.A. asB. untilC. whileD. when6. It’s always difficult being in a foreign country , ______ if you don’t speak the language .A. extremelyB. naturallyC. basicallyD. especially7. I’m sorry. I don’t ________ your opinion about this question.A. writeB. shareC. change D .hold8. Allow children the space to voice their opinions, ________ they are different from your own.A. untilB. even ifC. unlessD. as though9. －Well, I do think the rabbit is a beautiful gentle animal which can run very fast.－___________ .A. So it isB. So is itC. So does itD. So it does10. What a child needs is love and care, so gifts ________ are not enough for a child.A. alongB. lonelyC. aloneD. itself二、完形填空Surfing: It's Not Just for Boys AnymoreIf you asked high school girls to name their favorite sports, most would probably say basketball or volleyball. I am one of the few girls who would 1 : surfing. But isn't that a boy thing? Some people 2 . Most certainly not.I started surfing about five years ago and 3 in love with the sport on the very first day.Riding the first 4 was the best feeling I had ever experienced.When I try to 5 surfing with other things, I find it very difficult because, in my 6 , there's nothing like it. It involves(牵涉到) body and 7 . There's sand between my toes and cool, salt 8 all around us. The feeling I get when I'm surfing 9 that water, becoming one with the 10 , is like I'm weightless.The one thing I can 11 from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge. You can never be the "best surfer" because the ocean 12 too many kinds of waves that nobody can ever master. The variations of surfing styles are wonderful. Some surfers are free and flowing; others are very aggressive(活跃有力的) and 13 . All of these things attract me to surfing and make it 14 from any other sport.I've 15 to tell every girl I know to do something that people don't think girls can do. It's part of being human to advance to new 16 , so shouldn't it be expected that girls should step up and start 17 the limits of things boys and men used to dominate(主宰)?There're women 18 side by side with the President of our country, so why not side by side with the boys 19 the football team or out in the water surfing? Give girls a chance to 20 , and they will.1. A. tell B. answer C. give D. realize2. A. think B. understand C. reply D. believe3. A. stayed B. came C. dropped D. fell4. A. wave B. storm C. sail D. boat5. A. bring B. connect C. compare D. tie6. A. work B. study C. holiday D. life7. A. mind B. effort C. health D. time8. A. beach B. ocean C. water D. coast9. A. through B. across C. over D. above0. A. sky B. world C. earth D. ocean11.A. take B. get C. make D. keep12.A. catches B. includes C. offers D. collects13.A. exciting B. great C. hard D. calm14.A. known B. right C. far D. different15.A. chosen B. tried C. managed D. promised16.A. levels B. points C. steps D. parts17.A. reaching B. accepting C. pushing D. setting18.A. sitting B. walking C. fighting D. working19.A. of B. from C. on D. with20.A. think B. succeed C. perform D. feel三、阅读理解AThe old shoes had brought him so much trouble that Johnny decided to throw them away. He went to the rubbish pit (垃圾坑)outside the city and threw the old shoes into the pit. "Now they can bring me no more trouble," he said. He returned home, lay down in his bed and slept. But he had a dog, and the dog was used to going to the rubbish pit to look for food, because Johnny never bought food for his dog. The dog, who loved its master (主人) even though it was not given food, saw the shoes in the pit and knew they were its master's. So the dog took one of the heavy shoes in its mouth and went slowly back with it, and left it at its master's bedside. Then the dog fetched the other shoe in the same way. When Johnny woke up, he saw the shoes by his bed and he was afraid. "There, shoes can walk by themselves, they must be done away with." he thought. Then he made a large fire in front of his house and put the shoes on it. Just then a strong wind was blowing and before long the fire made the house begin burning. His neighbours immediately came but could do nothing. The house burnt down but the old shoes were saved by the dog again.1. Johnny didn't fall asleep until ______ .A. he had brought the old shoes homeB. he had thrown the shoes away and returnedC. the shoes had brought him so much troubleD. he went to the rubbish pit2. The dog loved Johnny only because he _______ .A. bought food for itB. was its masterC. even gave food to itD. loved it too3. The dog took back _______ .A. one of the heavy shoesB. neither of the two shoesC. the pair of shoesD. the second shoe in another wayBMany teenager feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members don't know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it is quite often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for some ideas.It is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or a group of friends. Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking among themselves on the phone. This communication is very important in children's growing up, because friends can discuss something. These things are difficult to tell their family members.However, parents often try to choose their children's friends for them. Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends. Have you ever thought of the following questions?Who chooses your friends?Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you?Have you got a good friend your parents don't like?Your answers are welcome.4. When teenagers have something difficult to tell their parents, they usually_______.A. stay alone at homeB. fight with their parentsC. discuss it with their friendsD. go to their brothers and sisters for help5. The sentence "Your answers are welcome." means _______.A. you are welcome to discuss the questions with usB. we've got no idea, so your answers are welcomeC. your answers are always rightD. you can give us all the right answers6. Which of the following is the writer's attitude(态度)?A. Parents should choose friends for their children.B. Children should choose everything they like.C. Parents should understand their children better.D. Teenagers should only go to their friends for help.7. Part of the purpose of this passage is to ________.A. give information for the parents to make their own judgment(判断)B. give advice to children who want to choose their friendsC. help parents to find better friends for their childrenD. get some information from many readersCWe have written this to give you an idea of what will happen on your first day in high school. We also have a New Student Handbook that will answer many of the questions that you might have.If you come on a school bus, you will arrive at school at 7:30 am, and if you are coming by car, you should be here at the same time. Registration (注册) starts at 7:45 am. When you arrive, you will wait in our reception (接待) area for a few minutes. You will be met by our Admissions Officer (招生负责人). You will be introduced to your buddy — a student in the same class as you who will be looking after you for the first few days.You will be taken to your form room by your buddy, and be introduced to your teacher who will give you your timetable and planner. When form time finishes, your buddy will take you to your first class. You will have some tests to do so that we can place you in the right group.For the first couple of days, you will mainly go to lessons with your buddy as we think this helps you to settle in. After that, you will be placed in your appropriate (合适的) group for Maths, Science and English which are taken by all students.At lunchtime, your buddy will show you around the school, show you how to get lunch, and make sure you are spending time with friends and are included in social activities.At the end of the day, your buddy will show how to get your bus or where to wait for your car.We hope you have a really good day, and we look forward to having you here.8. What will happen on your first day in high school?A. You will take some tests.B. You will receive a big welcome.C. You will be guided by a teacher.D. You will be asked to join an interest group.9. What’s the role of “your buddy”?A. Making plans for you.B. Making friends with you.C. Helping you get used to the school.D. Inviting you to visit his or her group.10. What are the high school students required to do?A. Live at school.B. Take the school bus.C. Bring their own lunch.D. Learn Maths, Science and English.11. Whom is this text mainly written for?A. High school teachers.B. High school newcomers.C. Visitors to the high school.D. Parents of high school students.DWhen friends come to visit us in the evening, they spend their time telling us they are in a hurry and looking at their watches. It isn't that our friends are all very busy, it is just that we haven't got a television. People think that we are very strange. "But what do you do in the evening?" they are always asking. The answer is very simple. Both my wife and I have hobbies. We certainly don't spend our evenings staring at the walls. My wife enjoys cooking and painting and often attends evening classes in foreign languages. This is particularly useful as we often go abroad for our holidays. I collect stamps and I'm always busy with my collection. Both of us enjoy listening to the music and playing chess together.Sometimes there are power cuts and we have no electricity in the house. This does not worry us and we just light candles and carry on with what we were doing before. Our friends, however, are lost－no television!—So they don't know what to do. On such evenings our house is very full for they all come to us. They all have a good time. Instead of sitting in silence in front of the television, everybody talks and plays games.12. The couple have not got a television, because________ .A. they are not rich enoughB. they are strange peopleC. they enjoy spending evenings in their own waysD. they don't know what to do when there are power cuts13. Both of them are interested in________ .A. learning languagesB. travellingC. staying home aloneD. watching people play games14. At night when there is no electricity, the couple ________ .A. have to stare at the wallsB. can do nothing but sit in silenceC. will have many visitorsD. have to go out for candles15. The writer tries to tell us that________ .A. life is possible without a televisionB. life is enjoyable with many friendsC. electricity is importantD. television is useful四、阅读七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
人教版高中语文必修一：第1单元测试卷（含答案解析）高中语文试卷
人教版高中语文必修一：第1单元测试卷（含答案解析）高中语文试卷单元质量检测一(时间：150分钟满分：150分)一、基础积累(共25分，选择题每题3分)1．下列词语中，加点的字注音完全正确的一组是()A．百舸(ɡě)寥廓(liáo)峥嵘(rónɡ) 挥斥方遒(qiú)B．颓圮(tí) 篱墙(lí)彷徨(pánɡ) 默默彳亍(chì chù)C．河畔(bàn) 漫溯(sù)青荇(xìnɡ) 星辉斑斓(lán)D．火钵(bō) 飘泊(bó)纤绳(qiān) 忸怩不安(niǔ ní)解析：B项，“颓”应读tuí；C项，“畔”应读pàn；D项，“纤”应读qiàn。
答案：A2．下列词语中，没有错别字的一项是()A．沧茫萧瑟油纸伞意气风发B．惆怅芬芳万户候枯燥无味C．挑衅抱歉明信片貌和神离D．荆棘伫立挖墙脚凄婉迷茫解析：A项，沧－苍；B项，候－侯；C项，和－合。
答案：D3．依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是()(1)诗歌的意象是指诗歌中融入了作者主观________的客观物象。
它是构成诗歌意境的一些具体的、细小的单位。
(2)吟诵唐诗宋词，可以丰富我们的情感世界，提高我们的文学________，使我们获得精神的陶冶和审美愉悦。
(3)诗歌表现思想感情的________是语言，语言没有视觉的形象性，它不过是一群声音符号的组合。
(4)杜甫的诗歌，真实地记录了唐代由盛转衰的历史________，因而被称为“诗史”，他被尊为“诗圣”。
A．情意修养媒介剧变B．情感休养媒体巨变C．情意修养媒体剧变D．情感休养媒介巨变解析：(1)情意：感情心意。
“情意”比“情感”范围大。
(2)“修养”指态度与涵养；“休养”指休息调养。
(3)媒介：使双方(人或事物)发生关系的人或事物。
人教版高一语文必修一第一单元测试题带答案
人教版高一语文必修一第一单元测试题带答案人教版高一语文必修一第一单元测试题（带答案）一、(15分，每小题3分)1.下列词语中加点字的注音全都正确的一项是( )A.斡旋(wò)苍穹(qióng)棕榈(lǘ)令人咋舌(zà)B.敕造(chì)唆使(suō)混沌(hùn)屡见不鲜(xiān)C.梦魇(XXX)菁华(jīnɡ)河蚌(bànɡ)呼天抢地(qiǎng)D.懵懂(měng)箴言(zhēn)泊车(bǒ)少不更事(gēng)2.下列词语书写全都正确的一项是( )A.囊括切蹉荟萃一堂克不容缓B.匮乏峻工器XXX不负重望C.濒临牟取金碧辉煌严惩不贷D.XXX枉废心机理屈词穷3.依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是( )(1)在家庭浓厚的美术氛围的下，儿子也深深地爱上了绘画。
(2)面对记者的拍照和采访，这位在华尔街工作的女士并不自己的投票决定：“我不赞同美国政府对中国实施高技术封锁的政策。
”(3)过度的欲望与贪求无益于心理安康，在功名财富的追求中多存几分为好。
XXX.熏陶隐讳淡泊B.熏染隐晦淡薄C.熏陶隐晦淡薄D.熏染隐讳淡泊4.下列各项中，加点的成语使用不得当的一项是( )XXX.很多人都有这样的感受，外出旅游时异地的风物让人迷醉欣喜，可是一路上的旅游购物却常常使人不厌其烦，兴味索然。
XXX企业近几年纷纷推出自己研发的新能源汽车，有专家提示新能源汽车产业布局宜瞻前顾后，不可盲目发展。
C.这种文风承自XXX、XXX以来中国文人隐忍的传统，抒情而不煽情，简洁凝练的句子体现的是大方之家的功底与素养。
D.虽然教育厅领导只是走访了少数几所学校，但管中窥豹，他们对我市推行素质教育的现状还是有了比较深入的了解。
5.下列各句中，没有语病的一项是( )A.如何在肯定草根文化的同时，不过分鼓吹偶像崇拜，而是放大草根中“励志”的因素，把社会支流代价观传递给大众，是值得娱乐媒体深思的问题。
人教版高一英语必修一Unit-1练习题(含答案)
人教版高一英语必修一Unit 1 练习题Passage 1 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分Once upon a time, there was a bird made of stone. She was beautiful and magic. She lived near the entrance to a beautiful 31 between two mountains. The bird was so 32 that she had to walk on the ground instead of 33 in the sky.Though she couldn’t fly, she 34 looking up at the trees every day. She 35 one day being able to fly and see the 36 forest from up high. 37 , that dream was gone after a great fire.When the fire was 38 put out, all that was left of the trees were stumps（树桩）.39 plants and animals that had live there were gone. The stone bird was the only one that didn’t 40 in the fire. When she saw what had 41 to the trees, she felt very sad. Looking at the burnt trees, she couldn’t 42 crying. She cried for hours and days. She cried with such a feeling that her 43 were wearing away her stone 44 . Finally all her body was worn away and the bird had 45 some water.But when the 46 came out, the water rose into the sky and became a happy little cloud which could fly over the trees and see everything 47 .Since then, the little cloud has traveled all over the world. She enjoyed the 48 of all the forests and beautiful countryside. She never 49 what had burnt the trees, so she was very careful to pour her rain down on any tree she saw 50 . She saved a lot of trees.31.A. field B. lake C. sea D. forest32.A. proud B. surprising C. heavy D. pretty33.A. walking B. trying C. singing D. flying34.A. needed B. began C. enjoyed D. disliked35.A. made up B. dreamed of C. gave up D. talked about36.A. dusty B. poor C. small D. beautiful37.A. However B. Also C. Therefore D. So38.A. sadly B. possibly C. finally D. suddenly39.A. Some B. All C. Few D. No40.A. change B. live C. watch D.die41.A. happened B. come C. moved D. climbed42.A. continue B. start C. keep D. stop43.A. minds B. feelings C. hands D. tears44.A. house B. heart C. body D. habit45.A. cared about B. turned into C. turned up D. looked for46.A. star B. air C. moon D. sun47.A. below B. above C. backward D. ahead48.A. views B. areas C. colours D. numbers49.A. found B. explained C. forgot D. knew50.A. falling B. burning C. growing D. shaking阅读Passage 1—FriendshipHave you ever wondered what goes through your mind when you choose where to sit in a new classroom? Or in a waiting room full of strangers? Or on a bus? Researchers have found out some interesting facts.Perhaps unsurprisingly, we prefer to sit closer to people like ourselves. Girls sit by girls and boys sit by boys. Adults sit together and young people choose another young person to sit near. But it goes further than this. We even choose to sit near someone who looks like us. People with glasses are more likely to sit near other people with glasses. People with long hair sit closer to other people with long hair.We seem to believe that people with similar habits or hobbies will share similar attitude and we are more likely to be accepted by people like ourselves or even, we think we may be safer with people who look like us. Sometimes that’s true but it's a pity if we always stick to the same people, the same group. The danger in always staying in our comfort zone (舒适区)is that we just recycle the same opinions, the same tastes and the same ideas. We lose the chance to learn something new, find out about interesting things, hear funny stories and discover difference. When we always stick to the same people, how can we ever break down the barriers which prevent us from getting to know people with different ideas? And how can we avoid the ignorance (无知),which too often leads to prejudice (偏见) and even fear? If instead you want to live in a society that opens to changes and new things and different opinions, be the cat among the pigeons.Move out of your comfort zone. Go and sit next to someone different. And don't just sit there in silence. Say hello. Ask a question. Start a conversation. That’s how we make friends. That’s how we learn about people. That’s how we open our minds to new ideas. That's how we live an exciting life.66. From the passage, we know that people prefer sitting by someone whoA. is like themselvesB. has a sense of humor C. is open-mindedD. lives an exciting life67. People like staying in their comfort zone because they mayA. remain comfortable and specialB. be accepted easily and feel safeC. find out more interesting thingsD. discover differences among themselves68. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To tell us just to be ourselves in social life.B. To introduce ways to learn about the world.C. To explain how people communicate with others.D. To encourage us to meet people of different kinds.Passage 2Everyone needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. It is nice to have a friend to talk , laugh and do things with. Surely, there are times when we need to be alone. We don't always want people around. But we would feel lonely if we never had a friend.No two people are the same. Sometimes friends don't get along well, which doesn't mean that they no longer like each other. Most of the time they will go on being friends. Sometimes friends move away, then we feel very sad. We miss them much, but we can call them and write to them. Maybe we would never see them again, and we can make new friends. It is surprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them. Families sometimes name their children after a close friend. Many places are named after men and women, if they are friendly to people in a town. Some libraries are named this way. So are some schools. We think of these people when we go to these places.There's more good news for people, if they have friends. These people live longer than those people if those don't have friends. Why? It could be that they are happier. Being happy helps you stay well. Or it could be just knowing that someone cares, if someone cares about you, you take better care of yourself.56. The first paragraph tells us __________.A. we always need friends around usB. none needs friendsC. making friends is the need in people's lifeD. we need to be alone57. Which of the following is what the writer doesn't say in the passage?A. People are happy when their friends leave them.B. People may never see their friends after their friends move away.C. People can know their friends in different ways.D. People like their friends very much if they get to know them.58. Which of the following is the most probable place people name after friendly people?A. A house.B. A room.C. A library.D. A village.59. If people have friends, they would live longer, because __________.A. they feel happier and healthierB. they get a lot of help from their friendsC. they take better care of themselvesD. both A and C60. This passage tells us __________.A. that people are all friendsB. that people need friendsC. how to get to know friendsD. how to name a placePassage 3Many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members don't know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it is quite often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for some ideas.It is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or a group of friends. Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking among themselves on the phone. This communication is very important in children's growing up, because friends can discuss something. These things are difficult to tell their family members.However, parents often try to choose their children's friends for them. Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends. Have you ever thought of the following questions?Who chooses your friends?Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you?Have you got a good friend your parents don't like?Your answers are welcome.61. Many teenagers think that _____ can understand them better.A. friendsB. brothersC. sistersD. parents62. When teenagers have something difficult to tell their parents, they usually____.A. stay alone at homeB. fight with their parentsC. discuss it with their friendsD. go to their brothers and sisters for help63. The sentence "Your answers are welcome." means ____.A. you are welcome to discuss the questions with usB. we've got no idea, so your answers are welcomeC. your answers are always rightD. you can give us all the right answers64. Which of the following is the writer's attitude?A. Parents should choose friends for their children.B. Children should choose everything they like.C. Parents should understand their children better.D. Teenagers should only go to their friends for help.65. When teenagers stay alone, the usual way of communication is to ____.A. go to their friendsB. talk with their friends on the phoneC. watch TvD. have a discussion with their parentsPassage 4应用文（细心做，要争取全对）The National Gallery Description:The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London. It houses a diverse collection of more than 2, 300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to moremodern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.Layout:The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th- 15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling. The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Rapael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titian and Veronese.The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.The East Wig houses 18th-to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh.Opening Hours:The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm (Fridays 10am to 9pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.Getting There:Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk), Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8-minute walk).68. In which century’s collection can you see religious paintings?A. The 13th.B. the 17th.C. The 18th.D. The 20th.69. Where are Leonardo da Vinci’s works shown?A. In the East WingB. In the main West WingC. In the Sainsbury WingD. In the North Wing70. Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?A. Piccadilly CircusB. Leicester SquareC. EmbankmentD. Charing Cross.Passage 5 --故事A year ago，I paid no attention to English idioms，though my teacher emphasized （强调）the importance again and again. But soon, the importance of English idioms was shown in an amusing experience.One day, I happened to meet an Englishman on the road, and soon we began to talk. As I was talking about how I was studying English, the foreigner seemed to be astonished(惊讶). Gently shaking his head，shrugging（耸）his shoulders, he said，“You don’t say!” “You don’t say!” I was puzzled（疑惑不解）. I thought , perhaps this is not an appropriate（适当的）topic. “Well, I’d better change the topic.” So I said to him. “Well, shall we talk about the Great Wall? By the way, have you ever been there?” “Certainly, everyone back home will laugh at me if I leave China without seeing it. It was magnificent.” He was deep in thought when I began to talk like a tourist guide. “The Great Wall is one of the wonders in the world. We are very proud of it.” Soon I was interrupted(打断) again by his words: “You don’t say!” I couldn’t help asking, “Why do you ask me not to talk about it?” “Well, I didn’t request yo u to do so,” he answered, greatly surprised. I said, “Didn’t you say‘you don’t say’？”Hearing this, the Englishman laughed to tears. He began to explain “ ‘You don’t say’ actually means ‘really!’ It is an expression of surprise. Perhaps you don’t pay atten tion to English idioms.” I realized I had made a fool of myself. Since then I have been more careful with idiomatic expressions. Remember: what the English teachers said is always right to us students.69．A year ago, I paid no attention to English idioms because______.A. English idioms were not importantB.I was not careful with English idiomsC. My teacher didn’t emphasize the importance of themD.I had no interest in them70．At first, on hearing “You don’t say,” I thought the foreigner meant_______ .A. he was not interested in the topicB．he was only interested in the Great WallC．I had talked too muchD．I had to stop talking71．The underlined word amusing in the first paragraph probably means_____ .A．interesting B．important C．terrible D．unlucky 72．Which of the following is true according to the passage ？A．The Englishman left China without seeing the Great Wall.B．The Englishman wanted to see the Great Wall after I talked about it.C．The Englishman wanted me to act as his guide.D．The Englishman visited the Great Wall and thought it worth visiting. 73．After the Englishman explained the idiom, ___________ .A．I thought the Englishman had made me a foolB．the Englishman became a real foolC．I felt very sillyD．I became more carefully in everythingUnit 1 练习答案完型答案：DCDCB DACBD ACDDC BDACB1 : ABD23阅读ACACB4--A篇---ABDD; 【答案与解析】本文向我们讲述了作者因为不明白“You don’t say”英语习语的确切含义而发生的一场笑话。
高一必修一第一章测试题
高一必修一第一章测试题# 高一必修一第一章测试题一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 以下哪个选项是描述物质的属性？- A. 质量- B. 体积- C. 密度- D. 温度2. 物质的量单位是：- A. 千克- B. 摩尔- C. 米- D. 秒3. 摩尔质量的单位是：- A. 千克- B. 克- C. 千克/摩尔- D. 克/摩尔4. 阿伏伽德罗常数的值是：- A. 0.012 kg/mol- B. 6.02×10^23 mol^-1- C. 1 mol- D. 1 mol/L5. 物质的量浓度是指：- A. 每升溶液中溶质的摩尔数- B. 每千克溶液中溶质的摩尔数- C. 每摩尔溶液中溶质的质量- D. 每升溶液中溶质的质量6. 质量守恒定律适用于：- A. 化学反应- B. 物理变化- C. 核反应- D. 生物变化7. 化学反应中的能量变化通常表现为： - A. 光能- B. 电能- C. 热能- D. 机械能8. 以下哪个是化学平衡状态的特征？ - A. 反应速率为零- B. 正逆反应速率相等- C. 反应物和生成物浓度不变- D. 所有选项都是9. 化学动力学研究的是：- A. 反应物的浓度- B. 反应的条件- C. 反应速率与反应条件的关系- D. 反应物的纯度10. 以下哪个是化学平衡的移动原理？- A. 勒夏特列原理- B. 阿伏伽德罗定律- C. 道尔顿分压定律- D. 盖斯定律二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. 摩尔是表示________的单位。
12. 1摩尔的任何物质都含有相同的________。
13. 摩尔质量在数值上等于物质的________。
14. 物质的量浓度的计算公式为________。
15. 化学平衡状态的特点是正逆反应速率________，各组分的浓度保持________。
16. 勒夏特列原理指出，在一定条件下，如果改变影响平衡的一个条件，平衡会向减弱这种改变的方向移动。
高一数学必修一第一章练习题及答案
高一数学必修一第一章练习题及答案基础训练1.选择题1.下列各项中，不可以组成集合的是（）A。
所有的正数 B。
等于2的数 C。
接近于2的数 D。
不等于2的偶数2.下列四个集合中，是空集的是（）A。
{x|x+3=3} B。
{(x,y)|y=-x,x,y∈R} C。
{x|x≤0} D。
{x|x-x+1=0,x∈R}3.下列表示图形中的阴影部分的是（）A。
(AC)(BC) B。
(AB22BB)(AC) C。
(AB)(BC) D。
(AB)CC4.下面有四个命题：1）集合N中最小的数是1；2）若-a不属于N，则a属于N；3）若a∈N,b∈N，则a+b的最小值为2；4）x+1=2x的解可表示为{x|2x-1,x∈R}；其中正确命题的个数为（）A。
0个 B。
1个 C。
2个 D。
3个5.若集合M={a,b,c}中的元素是△ABC的三边长，则△ABC一定不是（）A。
锐角三角形 B。
直角三角形 C。
钝角三角形 D。
等腰三角形6.若全集U={0,1,2,3}且CUA={2}，则集合A的真子集共有（）A。
3个 B。
5个 C。
7个 D。
8个二、填空题1.用符号“∈”或“∉”填空1）∈N。
2）-5∉N,16∈N3) 2-3+2+3∈x|x=a+6b,a∈Q,b∈Q2.若集合A={x|x≤6,x∈N}，B={x|x是非质数}，C=A-B，则C的非空子集的个数为。
答案：633.若集合A={x|3≤x<7}，B={x|2<x<10}，则AB=_____________。
答案：{x|3≤x<7}4.设集合A={x-3≤x≤2},B={x2k-1≤x≤2k+1}，且A⊆B，则实数k的取值范围是。
答案：k≥25.已知A={y|-x2+2x-1=y}，B={y|2x+1=y}，则AB=_________。
答案：{x|0≤x≤1}三、解答题1.已知集合A={x∈N|6-x∈N}，试用列举法表示集合A。
答案：A={1,5}2.已知A={x-2≤x≤5}，B={xm+1≤x≤2m-1}，B⊆A，求m 的取值范围。
语文必修一第一单元测试题
语文必修一第一单元测试题一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 下列词语中，加点字的读音全部正确的一项是：A. 踌躇（chóu chú）蹒跚（pán shān）峥嵘（zhēngróng）B. 恣意（zì yì）蹉跎（cuō tuó）踟躕（chí chú）C. 缱绻（qiǎn quǎn）徜徉（cháng yáng）桎梏（zhì gù）D. 踯躅（zhí zhú）徜徉（tāng yáng）踌躇（chóu chú）2. 下列句子中，没有语病的一项是：A. 他不仅学习好，而且品德也高尚。
B. 通过这次活动，使我们的思想得到了很大的提高。
C. 他的话深深地触动了我的心。
D. 这个问题引起了广泛的关注和热烈的讨论。
3. 下列句子中，使用了排比修辞手法的一项是：A. 春风又绿江南岸，明月何时照我还。
B. 一日不见，如隔三秋。
C. 他不仅勤奋，而且聪明，还很有创造力。
D. 书是人类进步的阶梯，是知识的海洋，是智慧的源泉。
4. 下列句子中，使用了比喻修辞手法的一项是：A. 他像一只受伤的小鸟，蜷缩在角落里。
B. 他的成绩一落千丈。
C. 这个问题像一座大山一样压在他心头。
D. 他的心情像阳光一样明媚。
5. 下列句子中，使用了拟人修辞手法的一项是：A. 春风又绿江南岸。
B. 月光如水，洒在静谧的湖面上。
C. 他的心情像阳光一样明媚。
D. 那座山像一位老人，静静地守望着村庄。
6. 下列句子中，使用了夸张修辞手法的一项是：A. 他的成绩一落千丈。
B. 一日不见，如隔三秋。
C. 他的心情像阳光一样明媚。
D. 那座山像一位老人，静静地守望着村庄。
7. 下列句子中，使用了反问修辞手法的一项是：A. 难道我们不应该努力学习吗？B. 他的成绩一落千丈，这怎么可能？C. 他的心情像阳光一样明媚，不是吗？D. 那座山像一位老人，静静地守望着村庄。
必修1单元测试题及答案
必修1单元测试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 根据题目所给的数学公式 \( y = ax^2 + bx + c \)，若 \( a = 1 \)，\( b = -3 \)，\( c = 2 \)，求 \( y \) 当 \( x = 2 \) 时的值。
A. 0B. 1C. 2D. 32. 以下哪个选项不是化学元素的符号？A. OB. HC. LD. He3. 英语中，单词 "university" 的意思是：A. 学校B. 大学B. 医院D. 博物馆4. 以下哪个历史事件发生在20世纪初？A. 法国大革命B. 工业革命C. 第一次世界大战D. 美国独立战争5. 在物理学中，牛顿第二定律的公式是：A. \( F = ma \)B. \( F = mv \)C. \( F = ma^2 \)D. \( F = m/a \)二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）6. 元素周期表中，元素按照______排列。
7. 英语中，"hello"是一个______词。
8. 根据牛顿第三定律，作用力和反作用力是______的。
9. 在数学中，圆的面积公式是 \( A = \pi r^2 \)，其中 \( r \) 表示______。
10. 历史上的“文艺复兴”发生在______世纪。
三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）11. 请简述牛顿第一定律的内容。
12. 请解释什么是化学中的“氧化还原反应”。
四、计算题（每题15分，共30分）13. 已知一个物体的质量为5kg，受到的力为10N，请计算其加速度。
14. 给定一个直角三角形，其两直角边分别为3cm和4cm，求其斜边长度。
五、论述题（每题10分）15. 论述第二次世界大战对世界历史的影响。
答案：1. B2. C3. B4. C5. A6. 原子序数7. 感叹8. 相等且相反9. 半径10. 15或1611. 牛顿第一定律，也称为惯性定律，指出一个物体会保持其静止状态或匀速直线运动状态，除非受到外力作用。
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必修一第一单元一. 选择题（本大题共45小题，共0分）1. （2012年3月延边市质检24题）下图是我国某一时期的部分行政区域图，这一时期管理A区域的机构是A．宣政院B．中书省C．行中书省D．枢密院2. （2012年3月漳州市质检1题）安德森认为“很吊诡的是，前现代的帝国与王国竞能够轻易地维系他们对极度多样而异质并且经常是居住在不相连的领土上的臣民的长期统治。
”在中国古代史上，能回答安德森这一疑问的制度是A．分封制B．宗法制C．郡县制D．行省制3. （2012年3月滨州模拟）它“并不是什么神秘的东西，而是中国早期阶级社会中政权结构的一种表现形式，一种由部落联盟转变而来的‘联邦’或‘邦联’式的松散的国家结构形式。
”材料中所提的这种表现形式是指A．宗法制B．分封制C．郡县制D．中央集权制4. （2012年3月揭阳一模）直到近代，新安地区"千年之家不动一坯，千丁之族未尝散处，千载之谱丝毫不紊”的观念依然深入人心。
其主要原因是A．宗法传统的影响B．封建政府的提倡C．小农经济的稳定D．儒家思想的流传5. （2012年3月深圳市一模13题）有学者认为：社会阶层之间的流动性影响到社会开放的程度。
从这一观点出发，唐朝社会开放程度较高，主要得益于实行A．三省六部制B．科举制C．察举制D．均田制6. （2012年3月郑州市二模）“……发迹的阶梯是对任何人都开放的，无论其家庭、出身和宗教信仰如何。
事实上，在不同社会集团之间存在着相当大的流动性：权势之家或名门望族可能会因子孙不肖而败落，出身低微者则会通过这种制度可发达。
”这种制度是A．宗法制B．郡县制C．均田制D．科举制7. （2012年3月怀化市一模）清朝学者万斯大说：“古之时，诸候之嫡长子为世子，嗣为诸候，其余支庶之后，族类繁多，惧其散而无统也，因制为大宗小宗之法。
”材料主要说明了A．大、小宗都有血缘关系B．诸候的庶子都不能取得政治权力8. （2012年3月大庆市一模）秦汉时期建立和健全了一套上下有序的制度体系，主要包括奏事制度、廷议制度和监察制度。
其中廷议制度规定：“国家大事皆由廷议向皇帝提出意见，由皇帝裁度或由廷议作出决定”。
此规定表明秦汉时期A．中央集权制完善B．皇权受到一定制约C．绝对皇权已经形成D．议会制初步确立9. （2012年3月驻马店市一模2题）史学家吕思勉认为：“自秦统一全国起至东汉分裂以前止，这一时期是中国初人于平民政治的时代。
”此“平民政治”在当时实际是指A．分封制B．军功授爵制C．三公九卿制D．郡县制10. （2012年3月威海市一模）“春运”被誉为人类历史上规模最大的人口大迁徙。
在40天左右的时间里，将有20 多亿人次的人口流动，占世界人口的1／3。
2012年1月8口春运开始，纷飞的大雪遍及大半个中国，但仍挡不住人们回家过年的脚步。
这种珍惜亲情、渴望团聚的情形与下列哪一个制度有关A．分封制B．宗法制C．郡县制D．郡国并行制11. （2012年3月莆田市质检6题）福建在秦朝和元朝分别由闽中郡和江浙行省管辖。
下列说法正确的有（）①两者的设置都有利于加强中央集权②两者的最高行政长官都不能世袭③两者的设置都受到董仲舒“大一统”思想的影响④福建行政区划的变化反映了商品经济的发展A．①②B．①③C．②④D．②③12. （2012年3月邯郸市一模）故宫养心殿有一对漆红圆柱，上面镌刻着雍正帝手书的一副楹联“惟以一人治天下，岂为天下奉一人”。
对这副楹联理解正确的是A．体现了雍正帝有以民为本的思想B．体现了雍正帝对君主专制的反思C．说明了雍正帝是一个勤于政务的皇帝D．说明了雍正帝具有天下为公的思想13. （2012年3月威海市一模）作为古代中国政治制度突出特色的中央集权制度，自秦朝建立以来，不断发展演变，至明清达到顶峰，对中国历史产生了深远影响。
下列结构图展示的是不同朝代中央集权制度的统治形式，其中属于元朝的是14. （2012年3月嘉兴市一模）有考古资料显示：西周某国墓葬群以一座七鼎墓为最大，三座五鼎墓和若干三鼎、二鼎、一鼎墓分散各处呈拱卫之势。
由该资料可以推论①该国应是诸侯封国②七鼎墓主人应是卿大夫③宗法制是西周的政治特征④墓葬考证是获得西周历史信息最便捷的途径A．①③B．①④C．②③D．②④15. （2012年3月德州模拟）“凡京奏，禁中称文书，必发阁臣票拟。
阁票用本，纸、小帖、墨字，内照票拟，或皇上御笔，或宦官代书，具在文书上面用朱字。
阁票如有未合上意，上加笔削或发下改票，阁臣随即封上，间有执正强争，也多曲折。
”可见，明朝内阁（）A.地位很高，负责全国的行政事务B.是具有决策权的内侍机构C.是君主专制制度的产物D.与皇帝权力相互制衡16. （2012年3月洛阳市二模）刘文瑞教授在《中国政治制度史纵论》一书中写道：“秦汉的三公九卿制中，政府官员明显具有皇帝家仆性质；……明淸取消宰相制，皇帝直接指挥六部，把家族．式统治扩大到整个国家机器。
”依据材料的观点，隋唐三省六部制的鲜明特点应该是A．建立了以皇权为中心的中央政权组织B．削除了皇帝“家仆”对皇权的戚胁C．皇权专制得到进一步强化D．中央集权的统治进一步巩固17. （2012年3月驻马店市一模1题）至唐为止，法律规定嫡长子拥有财产继承权；至宋代，庶子也可参加财产分配；到明清时期，非婚生子也拥有程度不一的财产继承权。
从家庭内部权力关系来说，上述变化反映的趋势是A．嫡长子权力日益衰落B．家庭成员关系趋于平等C．封建家长制下家长的权力日益巩固D．传统家庭观念解体18. （2012年3月梅州质检）历史学家钱穆评价指出：“在此制度下，可以根本消融社会阶级之存在，人民优秀分子均有参政之机会，新陈代谢，绝无政治上之特权阶级。
”钱穆所评价的是A．察举制维护了特权等级利益B．九品中正制打破了门第界限C．科举制为知识分子提供了参政机会D．三省六部制保证了皇权的独尊19. （2012年3月安庆市二模）我国古代政治制度不断调整与变革，下列措施反映强化中央集权的是A．“于是武王已平商而王天下，封师尚父（即姜尚）于齐营丘。
”B．“别子为祖，继别为宗，继祢者为小宗。
有百世不迁之宗。
”C．“以天下之广、四海之众……皆委百司商量，宰相筹划，于事稳便，方可奏行。
”D．“都省握天下之机，十省分天下之治”20. （2012年3月肇庆模拟）举荐制是中国古代的选官制度，举荐者与被举荐者通常都是世族大家之人，结果出现了所谓“上品无寒门,下品无士族”的现象。
这种现象渊源于A．分封制B．宗法制C．礼乐制D．中央集权制21. （2012年3月汕头市质检12题）隋代以前地方长官可以自选僚属组成行政机构，但隋代以后“大小之官，悉由吏部，纤介之迹，皆属考功。
”由此可见，隋代A．实行了科举制度B．加强了君主专制C．加强了中央集权D．三省六部制约皇权22. （2012年3月河南六市联考）“宰相之用舍听之天子，谏官之予夺听之宰相，天子之得失则举而听之谏官；环相为治，而言乃为功。
谏官者，以绳纠天子，而非以绳纠宰相者也……”该材料表明A．皇帝和谏官矛盾尖锐B．皇帝的权力受到宰相的制约C．监察制度适用于监督宰相D．谏官的职责是规劝君主的过失23. （2012年3月淮北市一模2题）“铁券”（图1）民间俗称“免死牌”，始于汉代，是封建帝王颁发给功臣、重臣的一种带有奖赏和盟约性质的凭证。
这种现象①反映了君主专制空前强化的趋势②表明封建特权与君主专制紧密相连③说明君主专制带有很大的随意性④使君主专制下的法律制度受到挑战A．①④B．②③C．①②D．③④24. （2012年3月福州市质检15题）马端临《文献通考》载：“宋朝设官之制，名号、品秩一切袭用唐旧。
然三师、三公不常置，宰相不专用三省长官。
中书、门下并列于外，又别置中书于禁中，是谓政事堂，与枢密院对掌大政。
”由此可见宋朝A．相权进一步削弱B．内外朝制度开始形成C．众相制初步确立D．内阁与枢密院分掌实权25. （2012年3月荆州市质检24题）《左传·桓公二年》云：“天子建国，诸侯立家，卿置侧室，大夫有贰宗，士有隶子弟。
”与材料中政治制度相关的人生理念是A．“乐至则无怨，礼至则不争”B．“普天之下，莫非王土；率土之滨，莫非王臣”C．“修身齐家治国平天下”D．“为先祖主者，宗人之所尊也”26. （2012年3月青岛质检）有人在评述秦朝的政治变革时说：“这是一个划时代的突破和最骇人听闻的政治结构，没有封国封爵，没有公侯伯子男。
当时没有一个人敢于想象皇帝的儿子们竟会跟平民一样，没有拥有土地，更没有拥有奴隶群。
”从文明发展的角度看，这种变革的积极意义主要在于促使中国古代政治A．从血缘政治向官僚政治转变B．从井田制向小农经济转变C．从集权政治向分权政治转变D．从军功政治向文治政治转变27. （2012年3月驻马店市一模3题）唐德刚在《晚清七十年》中提出，中国历史的社会政治形态发展可分为封建、帝制与民治这三大阶段。
从封建转向帝制是第一次转型，下列选项属于这一历史时期转型特征的是A．由“公天下”至“家天下”B．专制社会向民主社会转型C．农耕文明向工业文明转型D．贵族政治向官僚政治转型28. （2012年3月南昌模拟）“这是一个划时代的突破和最骇人听闻的社会结构，没有封国封爵，没有公侯伯子男。
……尤其是儒家学者更是大惑不解，而且不久就大起恐慌，这简直就是打碎他们的饭碗了”。
这个时代A．分封宗法制退出历史舞台B．摈弃了诸子百家的思想C．地方行政制度为后世沿用D．门阀士族遭到严重打击29. （2012年3月江门市一模14题）某史学家认为：“后世官制，变化繁赜。
而其原理，不能出于治民、治军、监察官吏三者之外；此亦可见秦之定制，非漫然而设也。
”以下相关评述正确的是A．材料中的“原理”指的是三权分立与制衡B．秦朝的中央官制最早体现此“原理”C．作者对“原理”长期不变感到不满D．作者对“后世”官制持否定态度30. （2012年3月潍坊模拟）钱穆在《中国历代政治得失》中说:这一制度的用意是在政府与社会间打通一条路,好让社会在某种条件、某种方式下掌握政治、预闻政治和运用政治。
下列制度能印证这一观点的是A.分封制B.三公九卿制C.郡县制D.科举制31. （2012年3月日照市一模）社会阶层是指社会上分成不同地位高低的阶层，如贵族、奴隶等；社会流动是指不同阶层出身者可以因为后天因素而转换成另一个阶层，如平民可以因为努力而变成官员。
社会流动变大的意思是不同阶层出身的人转换另一个阶层的可能性变大。
若用这两个概念分析春秋战国的历史变动，以下表述正确的是A.社会阶层的分级变少，社会流动则变大B.社会阶层的分级变多，社会流动也变大C.社会阶层的分级变少，社会流动也变小D.社会阶层的分级变多，社会流动则变小32. （2012年3月聊城模拟）史学家钱穆指出：“此制用意，在于用一个客观的考试标准，来不断地挑选社会上优秀分子，使之参与国家的政治。