校试题解析金卷：(第17卷)河南省灵宝市第一高级中学2019届高三第一次月考(9月)化学试题解析(解析版)
河南省灵宝市第一高级中学2017-2018学年高三上学期第一次月清(9月)考试地理试题 Word版含答案
灵宝一高2017-2018学年度上期第一次月清考试高三地理一、选择题（每小题只有一个正确选项，每小题1.5分，共40小题60分，请把正确选项填涂到答题卡上）读“某地高空等压线分布图（箭头方向为空气运动方向）”，完成第1～2题。
1．若该地位于北半球，则图中①②③④四点对应的近地面可能出现阴雨天气的是（）A．①B．②C．③D．④2．若该地位于滨海地区，且①位于海洋上空，②位于陆地上空，则该地所处半球、时间及海陆风对应正确的为（）A．北半球、1月或夜晚、陆风 B．北半球、7月或白天、海风C．南半球、1月或夜晚、海风 D．南半球、7月或白天、陆风图4示意某地的等高线分布，从a河谷到b、c河谷的地层均由新到老。
读图完成3-4题。
3.图中X地的地质构造地貌最可能为（）A.背斜谷B.背斜山C.向斜谷D.向斜山4.若a、c两河的支流相连，则下列河段水量变化正确的是（）①流量变大②流量变大③流量变小④流量变小A .①② B.③④ C.①③ D.②④下图为我国某地具备示意图，读图，回答第5—6题5.图中（）A.甲地地壳运动活跃，岩浆活动剧烈B.乙地低平，泥石流灾害频发C.丁村比丙村土层深厚D.丁村比丙村地下水埋藏浅6.图示地区（）A.地势西高东低、南高北低B.山前平原受外力作用明显B.洪积扇面积差异取决于降水量 D.渠水通过蒸发环节不参与水循环下图左为大陆西岸的某河段示意图，右图为左图中EF处的河床横断面图。
读图回答7-8题。
7．下列关于图中的说法，正确的是（）A．在EF处，是地下水补给河流 B．地势南高北低C．④处河岸侵蚀严重主要原因是地转偏向力 D．该地气候可能为温带季风气候8．下列关于图中河流的说法，正确的是（）A．位于南半球B．出现凌汛现象C．全年流量变化小D．在EF处，离河岸越远的地方岩石年龄越老图1为某地等高线图，读图回答9～10题。
9．图2四图中，能正确表示图1中沿30°纬线从106．5°至107°的地形剖面的是（）10．在学生绘制的该地区地形剖面图中，地形起伏不明显。
河南省三门峡市灵宝高中高三上学期第一次月考数学试卷
2016-2017学年河南省三门峡市灵宝高中高三（上）第一次月考数学试卷（文科）一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题5分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1．已知集合A={0，1，2}，B={x|﹣2＜x＜1，x∈Z}，则A∪B=（）A．{0}B．{0，1，2}C．{﹣1，0，1，2}D．{﹣2，﹣1，0，1，2}2．下列函数中，在其定义域内既是奇函数又是增函数的是（）A．y= B．y=x2C．y=x3D．y=sinx3．三个数a=（）﹣1，b=2，c=log3的大小顺序为（）A．b＜c＜a B．c＜a＜b C．c＜b＜a D．b＜a＜c4．函数f（x）=lnx+e x的零点所在的区间是（）A．（）B．（）C．（1，e）D．（e，∞）5．已知函数f（x）=，则不等式f（x）≤5的解集为（）A．[﹣1，1] B．（﹣∞，﹣2]∪（0，4）C．[﹣2，4] D．（﹣∞，﹣2]∪[0，4]6．已知m∈R，“函数y=2x+m﹣1有零点”是“函数y=log m x在（0，+∞）上为减函数”的（）A．充分不必要条件B．必要不充分条件C．充要条件 D．既不充分也不必要条件7．函数f（x）=2cosx（x∈[﹣π，π]）的图象大致为（）A． B．C． D．8．在△ABC中，3sinA+4cosB=6，4sinB+3cosA=1，则C等于（）A．30°B．150°C．30°或150°D．60°或120°9．将函数f（x）=3sin（4x+）图象上所有点的横坐标伸长到原来的2倍，再向右平移个单位长度，得到函数y=g（x）的图象，则y=g（x）图象的一条对称轴是（）A．x=B．x=C．D．10．已知f′（x）是奇函数f（x）的导函数，f（﹣1）=0，当x＞0时，xf′（x）﹣f（x）＞0，则使得f（x）＞0成立的x的取值范围是（）A．（﹣∞，﹣1）∪（0，1）B．（﹣1，0）∪（1，+∞）C．（﹣1，0）∪（0，1）D．（﹣∞，﹣1）∪（1，+∞）11．函数f（x）在定义域R内可导，若f（x）=f（2﹣x），且当x∈（﹣∞，1）时，（x﹣1）f′（x）＜0，设a=f（0），b=f（），c=f（3），则（）A．a＜b＜c B．c＜a＜b C．c＜b＜a D．b＜c＜a12．方程=k（k＞0）有且仅有两个不同的实数解θ，φ（θ＞φ），则以下有关两根关系的结论正确的是（）A．sinφ=φcosθB．sinφ=﹣φcosθC．cosφ=θsinθD．sinθ=﹣θsinφ二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分．13．若f（x）=，则f（x）的定义域为．14．已知向量、满足||=2，||=3，且|2﹣|=，则向量在向量方向上的投影为．15．已知函数f（x）=alnx+blog2x+1，f=．16．已知P，Q是圆心在坐标原点O的单位圆上的两点，分别位于第一象限和第四象限，且P点的纵坐标为，Q点的横坐标为，则cos∠POQ=．三、解答题：解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤17．已知集合A={x||x﹣a|≤1}，B={x|x2﹣5x+4≤0}．（1）当a=1时，求A∪B；（2）已知“x∈A”是“x∈B”的充分条件，求实数a的取值范围．18．已知幂函数f（x）=（﹣2m2+m+2）x m+1为偶函数．（1）求f（x）的解析式；（2）若函数y=f（x）﹣2（a﹣1）x+1在区间（2，3）上为单调函数，求实数a的取值范围．19．已知函数f（x）=sin（ωx+φ）（ω＞0，φ＜）的部分图象如图所示．（Ⅰ）求函数f（x）的解析式，并写出f（x）的单调减区间；（Ⅱ）已知△ABC的内角分别是A，B，C，角A为锐角，且f（﹣）=，cosB=，求sinC的值．20．在△ABC中，角A，B，C对边分别为a，b，c，若bcosA+acosB=﹣2ccosC．（Ⅰ）求角C的大小；（Ⅱ）若a+b=6，且△ABC的面积为2，求边c的长．21．已知函数f（x）=﹣x3+x2+x+a，g（x）=2a﹣x3（x∈R，a∈R）．（1）求函数f（x）的单调区间．（2）求函数f（x）的极值．（3）若任意x∈[0，1]，不等式g（x）≥f（x）恒成立，求a的取值范围．22．已知函数f（x）=alnx﹣x2+1．（Ⅰ）若曲线y=f（x）在x=1处的切线方程为4x﹣y+b=0，求实数a和b的值；（Ⅱ）讨论函数f（x）的单调性；（Ⅲ）若a＜0，且对任意x1，x2∈（0，+∞），都有|f（x1）﹣f（x2）|≥|x1﹣x2|，求a的取值范围．2016-2017学年河南省三门峡市灵宝高中高三（上）第一次月考数学试卷（文科）参考答案与试题解析一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题5分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1．已知集合A={0，1，2}，B={x|﹣2＜x＜1，x∈Z}，则A∪B=（）A．{0}B．{0，1，2}C．{﹣1，0，1，2}D．{﹣2，﹣1，0，1，2}【考点】并集及其运算．【分析】先化简B，再由并集的运算法则求A∪B．【解答】解：∵A={0，1，2}，B={x|﹣2＜x＜1，x∈Z}={﹣1，0}，∴A∪B={﹣1，0，1，2}．故选：C．2．下列函数中，在其定义域内既是奇函数又是增函数的是（）A．y= B．y=x2C．y=x3D．y=sinx【考点】函数单调性的判断与证明；函数奇偶性的判断．【分析】分选项进行一一判断A：y=在（﹣∞，0）和（0，+∞）上单调递减，故A错误；B：y=x2不是奇函数，故B错误；C：y=x3满足题意，故C正确；D：y=sinx不满足是增函数的要求，故不符合题意，故D错误，即可得出结论．【解答】解：A：y=在（﹣∞，0）和（0，+∞）上单调递减，故A错误；B：y=x2是偶函数，不是奇函数，故B错误；C：y=x3满足奇函数，根据幂函数的性质可知，函数y=x3在R 上单调递增，故C正确；D：y=sinx是奇函数，但周期是2π，不满足是增函数的要求，故不符合题意，故D错误，故选：C．3．三个数a=（）﹣1，b=2，c=log3的大小顺序为（）A．b＜c＜a B．c＜a＜b C．c＜b＜a D．b＜a＜c【考点】对数值大小的比较．【分析】利用指数函数、对数函数的单调性求解．【解答】解：∵，1=20＜b=2＜2，c=log3，c=log3＜=0，∴c＜b＜a．故选：C．4．函数f（x）=lnx+e x的零点所在的区间是（）A．（）B．（）C．（1，e）D．（e，∞）【考点】函数零点的判定定理．【分析】由于函数在（0，+∞）单调递增且连续，根据零点判定定理只要满足f（a）f（b）＜0即为满足条件的区间【解答】解：由于函数在（0，+∞）单调递增且连续，，f（1）=e＞0故满足条件的区间为（0，）故选A．5．已知函数f（x）=，则不等式f（x）≤5的解集为（）A．[﹣1，1] B．（﹣∞，﹣2]∪（0，4）C．[﹣2，4] D．（﹣∞，﹣2]∪[0，4]【考点】对数函数的单调性与特殊点．【分析】根据分段函数，分别解不等式，再求出并集即可．【解答】解：由于，当x＞0时，3+log2x≤5，即log2x≤2=log24，解得0＜x≤4，当x≤0时，x2﹣x﹣1≤5，即（x﹣3）（x+2）≤0，解得﹣2≤x≤3，∴不等式f（x）≤5的解集为[﹣2，4]，故选：C．6．已知m∈R，“函数y=2x+m﹣1有零点”是“函数y=log m x在（0，+∞）上为减函数”的（）A．充分不必要条件B．必要不充分条件C．充要条件 D．既不充分也不必要条件【考点】必要条件、充分条件与充要条件的判断．【分析】根据函数的性质求出m的等价条件，结合充分条件和必要条件的定义进行判断即可．【解答】解：若函数y=f（x）=2x+m﹣1有零点，则f（0）=1+m﹣1=m＜1，当m≤0时，函数y=log m x在（0，+∞）上为减函数不成立，即充分性不成立，若y=log m x在（0，+∞）上为减函数，则0＜m＜1，此时函数y=2x+m﹣1有零点成立，即必要性成立，故“函数y=2x+m﹣1有零点”是“函数y=log m x在（0，+∞）上为减函数”的必要不充分条件，故选：B7．函数f（x）=2cosx（x∈[﹣π，π]）的图象大致为（）A． B．C． D．【考点】函数的图象．【分析】由f（﹣x）=2cos（﹣x）=2cosx=f（x），得出f（x）为偶函数，则图象关于y轴对称，排除A、D，再令x=π代入f（x）的表达式即可得到答案．【解答】解：∵f（﹣x）=2cos（﹣x）=2cosx=f（x），∴f（x）为偶函数，则图象关于y轴对称，排除A、D，把x=π代入得f（π）=2﹣1=0.5，故图象过点（π，0.5），C选项适合，故选：C．8．在△ABC中，3sinA+4cosB=6，4sinB+3cosA=1，则C等于（）A．30°B．150°C．30°或150°D．60°或120°【考点】两角和与差的正弦函数．【分析】先把题设中的两个等式平方后相加，根据两角和公式求得sin（A+B）即sinC的值，进而求得C，当C=150°时3sinA+4cosB＜3sin30°+4cos0°与题设矛盾，排除，最后答案可得．【解答】解：已知两式两边分别平方相加，得25+24（sinAcosB+cosAsinB）=25+24sin（A+B）=37，∴sin（A+B）=sinC=，∴C=30°或150°．当C=150°时，A+B=30°，此时3sinA+4cosB＜3sin30°+4cos0°=，这与3sinA+4cosB=6相矛盾，∴C=30°．故选A9．将函数f（x）=3sin（4x+）图象上所有点的横坐标伸长到原来的2倍，再向右平移个单位长度，得到函数y=g（x）的图象，则y=g（x）图象的一条对称轴是（）A．x=B．x=C．D．【考点】函数y=Asin（ωx+φ）的图象变换；正弦函数的对称性．【分析】根据函数y=Asin（ωx+∅）的图象变换规律，得到g（x）=3sin（2x﹣），从而得到g（x）图象的一条对称轴是．【解答】解：将函数f（x）=3sin（4x+）图象上所有点的横坐标伸长到原来的2倍，可得函数y=3sin（2x+）的图象，再向右平移个单位长度，可得y=3sin[2（x﹣）+]=3sin（2x﹣）的图象，故g（x）=3sin（2x﹣）．令2x﹣=kπ+，k∈z，得到x=•π+，k∈z．则得y=g（x）图象的一条对称轴是，故选：C．10．已知f′（x）是奇函数f（x）的导函数，f（﹣1）=0，当x＞0时，xf′（x）﹣f（x）＞0，则使得f（x）＞0成立的x的取值范围是（）A．（﹣∞，﹣1）∪（0，1）B．（﹣1，0）∪（1，+∞）C．（﹣1，0）∪（0，1）D．（﹣∞，﹣1）∪（1，+∞）【考点】函数的单调性与导数的关系．【分析】根据题意构造函数g（x）=，由求导公式和法则求出g′（x），结合条件判断出g′（x）的符号，即可得到函数g（x）的单调区间，根据f（x）奇函数判断出g（x）是偶函数，由f（﹣1）=0求出g（﹣1）=0，结合函数g（x）的单调性、奇偶性，再转化f（x）＞0，由单调性求出不等式成立时x的取值范围．【解答】解：由题意设g（x）=，则g′（x）=∵当x＞0时，有xf′（x）﹣f（x）＞0，∴当x＞0时，g′（x）＞0，∴函数g（x）=在（0，+∞）上为增函数，∵函数f（x）是奇函数，∴g（﹣x）====g（x），∴函数g（x）为定义域上的偶函数，g（x）在（﹣∞，0）上递减，由f（﹣1）=0得，g（﹣1）=0，∵不等式f（x）＞0⇔x•g（x）＞0，∴或，即或，即有x＞1或﹣1＜x＜0，∴使得f（x）＞0成立的x的取值范围是：（﹣1，0）∪（1，+∞），故选：B．11．函数f（x）在定义域R内可导，若f（x）=f（2﹣x），且当x∈（﹣∞，1）时，（x﹣1）f′（x）＜0，设a=f（0），b=f（），c=f（3），则（）A．a＜b＜c B．c＜a＜b C．c＜b＜a D．b＜c＜a【考点】函数单调性的性质；利用导数研究函数的单调性．【分析】根据f（x）=f（2﹣x）求出（x）的图象关于x=1对称，又当x∈（﹣∞，1）时，（x﹣1）f′（x）＜0，x﹣1＜0，得到f′（x）＞0，此时f（x）为增函数，根据增函数性质得到即可．【解答】解：由f（x）=f（2﹣x）可知，f（x）的图象关于x=1对称，根据题意又知x∈（﹣∞，1）时，f′（x）＞0，此时f（x）为增函数，x∈（1，+∞）时，f′（x）＜0，f（x）为减函数，所以f（3）=f（﹣1）＜f（0）＜f（），即c＜a＜b，故选B．12．方程=k（k＞0）有且仅有两个不同的实数解θ，φ（θ＞φ），则以下有关两根关系的结论正确的是（）A．sinφ=φcosθB．sinφ=﹣φcosθC．cosφ=θsinθD．sinθ=﹣θsinφ【考点】正弦函数的图象．【分析】由题意构造函数y1=|sinx|，y2=kx，然后分别做出两个函数的图象，利用图象和导数求出切点的坐标以及斜率，即可得到选项．【解答】解：依题意可知x＞0（x不能等于0）令y1=|sinx|，y2=kx，然后分别做出两个函数的图象．因为原方程有且只有两个解，所以y2与y1仅有两个交点，而且第二个交点是y1和y2相切的点，即点（θ，|sinθ|）为切点，因为（﹣sinθ）′=﹣cosθ，所以切线的斜率k=﹣cosθ．而且点（φ，sinφ）在切线y2=kx=﹣cosθx上．于是将点（φ，sinφ）代入切线方程y2=xcosθ可得：sinφ=﹣φcosθ．故选B．二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分．13．若f（x）=，则f（x）的定义域为．【考点】对数函数的定义域．【分析】无理式被开方数大于等于0，分式分母不等于0，对数的真数大于0，解答即可．【解答】解：要使原函数有意义，则，即0＜2x+1＜1，所以，所以原函数的定义域为．故答案为．14．已知向量、满足||=2，||=3，且|2﹣|=，则向量在向量方向上的投影为1．【考点】平面向量数量积的运算．【分析】运用向量的数量积的性质：向量的平方即为模的平方，再由向量在向量方向上的投影概念，计算即可求得．【解答】解：由||=2，||=3，|2﹣|=，即有（2﹣）2=42﹣4•+2=4×4﹣4+9=13，可得=3，则向量在向量方向上的投影为==1．故答案为：1．15．已知函数f（x）=alnx+blog2x+1，f=﹣1．【考点】函数的值．【分析】求出aln2016+blog22016=2，从而求出f（）的值即可．【解答】解：∵f=aln+blog2+1=﹣（aln2016+blog22016）+1=﹣2+1=﹣1，故答案为：﹣1．16．已知P，Q是圆心在坐标原点O的单位圆上的两点，分别位于第一象限和第四象限，且P点的纵坐标为，Q点的横坐标为，则cos∠POQ=﹣．【考点】任意角的三角函数的定义．【分析】由条件利用直角三角形中的边角关系求得sin∠xOP和cos∠xOQ的值，利用同角三角函数的基本关系求得cos∠xOP 和sin∠xOQ，再利用两角和的余弦公式求得cos∠POQ=cos（∠xOP+∠xOQ ）的值．【解答】解：由题意可得，sin∠xOP=，∴cos∠xOP=；再根据cos∠xOQ=，可得sin∠xOQ=．∴cos∠POQ=cos（∠xOP+∠xOQ）=cos∠xOP•cos∠xOQ﹣sin∠xOP•sin∠xOQ==﹣，故答案为：﹣．三、解答题：解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤17．已知集合A={x||x﹣a|≤1}，B={x|x2﹣5x+4≤0}．（1）当a=1时，求A∪B；（2）已知“x∈A”是“x∈B”的充分条件，求实数a的取值范围．【考点】必要条件、充分条件与充要条件的判断；并集及其运算．【分析】（1）将a=1代入集合A，求出A，B，从而求出A∪B即可；（2）问题转化为A是B的子集，从而求出a的范围．【解答】解：（1）当a=1时，由|x﹣1|≤1，解得0≤x≤2，所以A=[0，2]，由x2﹣5x+4≤0得到（x﹣1）（x﹣4）≤0，解得1≤x≤4，故B=[1，4]，所以A∪B=[0，4]，（2）由|x﹣a|≤1，解得a﹣1≤x≤a+1，所以A=[a﹣1，a+1]，因为“x∈A”是“x∈B”的充分条件所以A⊆B，所以a+1≤4且a﹣1≥1，解得2≤a≤3，故实数a的取值范围为[2，3]．18．已知幂函数f（x）=（﹣2m2+m+2）x m+1为偶函数．（1）求f（x）的解析式；（2）若函数y=f（x）﹣2（a﹣1）x+1在区间（2，3）上为单调函数，求实数a的取值范围．【考点】函数奇偶性的性质；函数单调性的性质．【分析】（1）根据幂函数的性质即可求f（x）的解析式；（2）根据函数y=f（x）﹣2（a﹣1）x+1在区间（2，3）上为单调函数，利用二次函数对称轴和区间之间的关系即可，求实数a的取值范围．【解答】解：（1）由f（x）为幂函数知﹣2m2+m+2=1，即2m2﹣m﹣1=0，得m=1或m=﹣，当m=1时，f（x）=x2，符合题意；当m=﹣时，f（x）=，为非奇非偶函数，不合题意，舍去．∴f（x）=x2．（2）由（1）得y=f（x）﹣2（a﹣1）x+1=x2﹣2（a﹣1）x+1，即函数的对称轴为x=a﹣1，由题意知函数在（2，3）上为单调函数，∴对称轴a﹣1≤2或a﹣1≥3，即a≤3或a≥4．19．已知函数f（x）=sin（ωx+φ）（ω＞0，φ＜）的部分图象如图所示．（Ⅰ）求函数f（x）的解析式，并写出f（x）的单调减区间；（Ⅱ）已知△ABC的内角分别是A，B，C，角A为锐角，且f（﹣）=，cosB=，求sinC的值．【考点】由y=Asin（ωx+φ）的部分图象确定其解析式；函数y=Asin（ωx+φ）的图象变换．【分析】（Ⅰ）由函数图象得到半周期，进一步求得周期，再利用周期公式求ω的值，再由f（）=1结合φ的范围求得φ值，则函数解析式可求，再由函数图象得到函数的减区间；（Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）中的解析式结合f（﹣）=求得A，由cosB=求得sinB，利用sinC=sin（π﹣A﹣B）=sin（A+B）展开两角和的正弦求得sinC的值．【解答】解：（Ⅰ）由图象可知，得，即ω=2．当x=时，f（x）=1，可得sin（+φ）=1．∵φ＜，∴φ=．故．由图象可得f（x）的单调递减区间为；（Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）可知，，即，又角A为锐角，∴A=．∵0＜B＜π，cosB=，∴，∴sinC=sin（π﹣A﹣B）=sin（A+B）=sinAcosB+cosAsinB=．20．在△ABC中，角A，B，C对边分别为a，b，c，若bcosA+acosB=﹣2ccosC．（Ⅰ）求角C的大小；（Ⅱ）若a+b=6，且△ABC的面积为2，求边c的长．【考点】正弦定理；余弦定理．【分析】（Ⅰ）由已知及正弦定理可得：sinBcosA+sinAcosB=﹣2sinCcosC，化简可得cosC=﹣，结合C的范围求C的值；（Ⅱ）由a+b=6得a2+b2+2ab=36，根据三角形的面积公式可求出ab的值，进而求出a2+b2的值，利用余弦定理求出c的值．【解答】解：（Ⅰ）由题意知，bcosA+acosB=﹣2ccosC，正弦定理可得sinBcosA+sinAcosB=﹣2sinCcosC，sin（A+B）=﹣2sinCcosC，由A，B，C是三角形内角可知，sin（A+B）=sinC≠0，∴cosC=，由0＜C＜π得，C=；（Ⅱ）∵a+b=6，∴a2+b2+2ab=36，∵△ABC的面积为2，∴，即，化简得，ab=8，则a2+b2=20，由余弦定理得，c2=a2+b2﹣2absinC=20﹣2×=28，所以c=．21．已知函数f（x）=﹣x3+x2+x+a，g（x）=2a﹣x3（x∈R，a∈R）．（1）求函数f（x）的单调区间．（2）求函数f（x）的极值．（3）若任意x∈[0，1]，不等式g（x）≥f（x）恒成立，求a的取值范围．【考点】利用导数研究函数的单调性；利用导数研究函数的极值．【分析】（1）利用导数来求出函数的单调区间．（2）利用导数来求出函数的极值，利用（1）的结论．（3）不等式g（x）≥f（x）恒成立转化为不等式a≥x2+x恒成立，h（x）=x2+x，x∈[0，1]，利用导数，求出h（x）的最大值，问题得以解决．【解答】解：（1）f（x）=﹣x3+x2+x+a，f'（x）=﹣3x2+2x+1，．．．（2）由（1）可知，当时，函数f（x）取得极小值，函数的极小值为当x=1时，函数f（x）取得极大值，函数的极大值为f（1）=a+1，（3）若任意x∈[0，1]，不等式g（x）≥f（x）恒成立，即对于任意x∈[0，1]，不等式a≥x2+x恒成立，设h（x）=x2+x，x∈[0，1]，则h'（x）=2x+1，∵x∈[0，1]，∴h'（x）=2x+1＞0恒成立，∴h（x）=x2+x在区间[0，1]上单调递增，∴[h（x）]max=h（1）=2∴a≥2，∴a的取值范围是[2，+∞）22．已知函数f（x）=alnx﹣x2+1．（Ⅰ）若曲线y=f（x）在x=1处的切线方程为4x﹣y+b=0，求实数a和b的值；（Ⅱ）讨论函数f（x）的单调性；（Ⅲ）若a＜0，且对任意x1，x2∈（0，+∞），都有|f（x1）﹣f（x2）|≥|x1﹣x2|，求a的取值范围．【考点】利用导数研究函数的单调性；利用导数研究曲线上某点切线方程．【分析】（Ⅰ）f（x）=alnx﹣x2+1求导得，利用曲线y=f（x）在x=1处的切线方程为4x﹣y+b=0，求实数a和b的值；（Ⅱ）求导数，讨论函数f（x）的单调性；（Ⅲ）若a＜0，且对任意x1，x2∈（0，+∞），都有|f（x1）﹣f（x2）|≥|x1﹣x2|，即f（x1）+x1≥f（x2）+x2，只要满足g（x）=f（x）+x在（0，+∞）为减函数，g（x）=alnx﹣x2+1+x 求a的取值范围．【解答】解：（Ⅰ）f（x）=alnx﹣x2+1求导得在x=1处的切线方程为4x﹣y+b=0，f′（1）=a﹣2=4，得a=6，4﹣f（1）+b=0；b=﹣4．（Ⅱ）当a≤0时，f′（x）≤0在（0，+∞）恒成立，所以f（x）在（0，+∞）上是减函数，当a＞0时，（舍负），f（x）在上是增函数，在上是减函数；（Ⅲ）若a＜0，f（x）在（0，+∞）上是减函数，x1＜x2，f（x1）＞f（x2），|f（x1）﹣f（x2）|≥|x1﹣x2|，即f（x1）﹣f（x2）≥x2﹣x1即f（x1）+x1≥f（x2）+x2，只要满足g（x）=f（x）+x在（0，+∞）为减函数，g（x）=alnx ﹣x2+1+x，即a≤2x2﹣x在（0，+∞）恒成立，a≤（2x2﹣x）min，，所以2017年1月2日。
灵宝市第一高级中学2018-2019学年高二上学期第一次月考试卷化学
灵宝市第一高级中学2018-2019学年高二上学期第一次月考试卷化学班级__________ 座号_____ 姓名__________ 分数__________一、选择题的是1．化学知识在生产和生活中有着重要的应用。
下列说法中不．正确．．A．SiO2通常用于通讯行业B．发酵粉中主要含有碳酸氢钠，能使焙制出的糕点疏松多孔；而碳酸钠可作医疗上治疗胃酸过多的一种药剂C．明矾可用作净水剂D．金属钠可用于冶炼钛等金属2．【辽宁省重点高中协作校2018届高三上学期第一次阶段考试】下列关于化学与环境的叙述中错误的是（）A．燃煤时鼓入过量的空气可以减少酸雨的产生B．利用汽车尾气催化装置可将尾气中的NO和CO转化为无害气体C．“煤改气”、“煤改电”等工程有利于减少雾霾D．工业废气排放之前必须回收处理以防污染大气3．Fe2O3+3CO2Fe+3CO2的反应类型是A．化合反应B．置换反应C．氧化还原反应D．复分解反应4．已知是比还弱的酸，氯水中存在下列平衡：、，达到平衡后，要使的浓度增大，可加入足量的下列哪种物质A. B. C. D.5．下列关于硅的说法不正确的是A．高纯度的单质硅被广泛用于制作计算机芯片B．自然界硅元素的贮量丰富，并存在大量的单质硅C．常温时硅与水、空气和酸不反应，但能与氢氟酸反应D．硅可由二氧化硅还原制得6．化学是一门实用性强的自然科学，在社会、生产、生活中起着重要的作用，下列说法不正确的是（）A．油条的制作口诀是“一碱、二矾、三钱盐”，其中的“碱”是烧碱B．黑火药的最优化配方是“一硫二硝三木炭”，其中的“硝”是硝酸钾C．过滤操作要领是“一贴二低三靠”，其中“贴”是指滤纸紧贴漏斗的内壁D．“固体需匙或纸槽，一送二竖三弹弹；块固还是镊子好，一横二放三慢竖”。
前一个固体一般指粉末状固体7．某同学设计下列实验装置进行卤素的性质实验．玻璃管内装有分别滴有不同溶液的棉球，反应一段时间后，对图中指定部位颜色描述正确的是（）8． 在无色溶液中，下列离子能大量共存的是A ．Mg 2+、SO 42－、K +、Cl －B ．Na + 、NH 4+ 、NO 3－、MnO 4－C ．K + 、Cu 2+ 、Cl －、Br －D ．Ba 2+ 、Na + 、OH －、HCO 3－ 选项 实验操作实验现象结论A将少量Fe （NO 3）2加水溶解后，滴加稀硫酸酸化，再滴加KSCN 溶液 溶液变成血红色Fe （NO 3）2已变质B 在KI 溶液中滴加少量氯水，再加入CCl 4，充分震荡。
河南省三门峡市灵宝第一高级中学2018-2019学年高一下学期第一次月清考试物理试题
河南省三门峡市灵宝第一高级中学2018-2019学年高一下学期第一次月清考试物理试题一、单选题(★) 1 . 物理学的发展丰富了人类对世界的认识，推动了科学技术的创新和革命，促进了生产的繁荣与人类文明的进步，下列说法中正确的是（）A．哥白尼通过对行星观测计算，提出了行星运动三大定律B．伽利略用“月—地”检验证实了万有引力定律的正确性C．牛顿发现了万用引力定律被称为“测出地球质量的人”D．1846年，科学家根据万有引力定律的计算在预计位置观测到海王星，确立了万有引力定律的地位(★) 2 . 下列说法中正确的是（）A．中国发射的地球同步卫星应该处于北京的正上方B．地球同步卫星的运行速度大于第一宇宙速度C．第一宇宙速度是人造地球卫星运行的最大环绕速度，也是发射卫星的最小发射速度D．随着技术发展，可以发射一颗运行周期为60min的人造地球卫星(★) 3 . 洗衣机的甩干筒在转动时有一衣物附在筒壁上，则下列说法错误的是( )A．衣服受到重力、筒壁的弹力、筒壁的摩擦力和向心力共四个力B．筒壁对衣物的弹力随筒的转速的增大而增大C．筒壁对衣物的向心力随筒的转速的增大而增大D．水被甩出是因水所受的合力不足以提供向心力而发生离心运动(★★) 4 . 一种玩具的结构如图所示，竖直放置的光滑铁圆环的半径为 R＝20cm，环上有一穿孔的小球 m，且小球仅能沿环做无摩擦滑动．如果圆环绕通过环心的竖直轴 O 1 O 2以ω＝10rad/s 的角速度旋转， g取10m/s 2，则小球相对环静止时球与圆心 O的连线与 O 1 O 2的夹角θ为A ．30°B ．45°C ．60°D ．75°(★★) 5 . 模拟我国志愿者王跃曾与俄罗斯志愿者一起进行“火星500”的实验活动.假设王跃登陆火星后,测得火星的半径是地球半径的 ,质量是地球质量的 .已知地球表面的重力加速度是g,地球的半径为R,王跃在地面上能向上竖直跳起的最大高度是h,忽略自转的影响,下列说法 错误的是()A ．火星的密度为B ．火星表面的重力加速度是C ．火星的第一宇宙速度是地球的第一宇宙速度的D ．王跃以与在地球上相同的初速度在火星上起跳后,能达到的最大高度是(★★) 6 . 若宇航员在月球表面附近自高 h 处以初速度 v 0水平抛出一个小球，测出小球的水平射程为 L 。
河南省灵宝市第一高级中学2016-2017学年高一3月月清考
灵宝一高2016-2017学年度下期第一次月清考试试题高一英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want to do tonight?A. Go out to eat.B. Eat at home. C．Learn how to cook.2. What does the woman most probably think of the man?A. Naughty.B. Kind-hearted.C. Careless.3. Why is there no food left in the fridge?A Jim ate all the food. B. Alice took all the food.C. Jim took all the food to the kitchen.4. How does Susan probably look now?A. Pleased.B. Surprised.C. Upset.5. What does the man's father want him to be?A. A musician.B. A doctor.C. A programmer.笫二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What time is it now?A. 11 am.B.11:30 am.C. 12 noon.7. Where does the conversation take place?A. On the train.B. At the train station.C. At the restaurant. 听第7段材料，回答第8.9题。
2019-2020学年河南省灵宝市第一高级中学高三语文上学期期末考试试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年河南省灵宝市第一高级中学高三语文上学期期末考试试题及答案解析一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。
对城市而言，文明弹性是一个城市体在生存、创新、适应、应变等方面的综合状态、综合能力，是公共性与私人性之间、多样性与共同性之间、稳定性与变迁性之间、柔性与刚性之间的动态和谐，过于绵柔、松散，或者过于刚硬、密集，都是弹性不足或丧失的表现，是城市体出现危机的表征。
当代城市社会，尤其需要关注以下文明弹性问题。
其一，空间弹性。
城市具有良好空间弹性的一个重要表现，是空间的私人性与公共性关系能够得到较为合理的处理。
任何城市空间都是私人性与公共性的统一，空间弹性的核心问题，就是如何实现空间的公共性与私人性的有机统一、具体转换。
片面地强调空间的公共性或片面地强调空间的私人性，都会使城市发展失去基础，目前，人们更多地要求空间的私人性，注重把空间固化为永恒的私人所有物、占有物。
这种以私人化为核心的空间固化倾向，造成城市空间弹性不足，正在成为制约城市发展的一个重要原因。
其二，制度弹性，一种较为理想的、有弹性的城市制度，是能够在秩序与活力、生存与发展间取得相对平衡的制度。
城市有其发展周期、发展阶段，对一个正在兴起的城市而言，其主要任务是聚集更多的发展资源、激活发展活力，而对一个已经发展起来的城市而言，人们会更为注重城市制度的稳定功能。
但问题在于，即使是正在崛起的城市，也需要面对秩序与稳定的问题；即使是一个已经发展起来的城市，也需要面对新活力的激活问题。
过于注重某种形式的城市制度，过于注重城市制度的某种目标，都是城市制度弹性不足，走向僵化的表现，都会妨害城市发展。
其三，意义弹性。
所谓城市的意义弹性，是指城市能够同时满足多样人群的不同层面的意义需要，并能够使不同的意义与价值在总体上达到平衡与和谐，不断形成具体的意义共同性。
当一个城市体只允许一种、一个层面的意义存在时，这个城市体可能繁荣一时，但必然会走向衰落。
2019-2020学年三门峡市灵宝一中高一下学期第一次月清考物理试卷(含答案解析)
2019-2020学年三门峡市灵宝一中高一下学期第一次月清考物理试卷一、单选题（本大题共8小题，共32.0分）1.下列说法中不正确的是()A. 开普勒行星运动三定律不仅适用于行星绕太阳的运动，也适用于卫星绕行星的运动B. 牛顿推导万有引力的过程中用到牛顿第二第三定律及开普勒第三定律C. 爱因斯坦创立了狭义相对论D. 牛顿通过扭秤实验测出万有引力常量2.地球的第一宇宙速度约为8km/s，某行星的质量是地球的6倍，半径是地球的1.5倍．该行星上的第一宇宙速度约为()A. 16km/sB. 32km/sC. 46km/sD. 2km/s3.下列有关生活中的圆周运动实例分析，其中说法正确的是()A. 公路在通过小型水库泄洪闸的下游时，常常用修建凹形桥，也叫“过水路面”，汽车通过凹形桥的最低点时，车对桥的压力小于汽车的重力B. 在铁路的转弯处，通常要求外轨比内轨高，目的是减轻轮缘与外轨的挤压C. 杂技演员表演“水流星”，当“水流星”通过最高点时，处于完全失重状态，不受力的作用D. 洗衣机脱水桶的脱水原理是：水滴受到的离心力大于它受到的向心力，从而沿切线方向甩出4.如图所示，在半径为R的半圆形碗的光滑表面上，一质量为m的小球以角速度ω在水平面内作匀速圆周运动，该平面离碗底的距离h为()A. RB. R+gω2C. R−gωD. R−gω25.理论研究表明第二宇宙速度是第一宇宙速度的√2倍．火星探测器悬停在距火星表面高度为h处时关闭发动机，做自由落体运动，经时间t落到火星表面．已知引力常量为G，火星的半径为R.若不考虑火星自转的影响，要探测器脱离火星飞回地球，则探测器从火星表面的起飞速度至少为()A. 7.9km/sB. 11.2km/sC. √2ℎRt D. 2√ℎRt6.如图所示在不同高度处以相同方向水平抛出甲乙两小球，已知两球在空中某处相遇，则下列说法正确的是()A. 甲乙同时抛出，甲抛出的速度较小B. 甲先抛出，乙抛出时速度较大C. 乙先抛出，乙抛出时速度较小D. 甲先抛出，甲抛出时速度较大7.经长期观测，人们在宇宙中已经发现了“双星系统”.“双星系统”由两颗相距较近的恒星组成，每个恒星的线度远小于两个星体之间的距离，而且双星系统一般远离其他天体，如图所示，两颗星球组成的双星，在相互之间的万有引力作用下，绕连线上的O点做周期相同的匀速圆周运动．现测得两颗星之间的距离为L，质量之比为m1：m2=2：3，下列说法中正确的是()A. m1、m2做圆周运动的线速度之比为3：2B. m1、m2做圆周运动的角速度之比为3：2C. m1做圆周运动的半径为2L5D. m2做圆周运动的半径为3L58.如图所示，两球的半径远小于R，而球质量均匀分布，质量为m1、m2，则两球间的万有引力大小为()A. G m1m2R12B. G m1m2R22C. G m1m2(R1+R2)2D. G m1m2(R1+R2+R3)2二、多选题（本大题共4小题，共16.0分）9.发射地球同步卫星时，先将卫星发射到近地圆轨道1，然后点火，使其沿椭圆轨道2运行，最后再次点火，将卫星送人同步圆轨道3.轨道1、2相切于Q点，轨道2、3相切于P点，如图所示，则当卫星分别在1、2、3轨道上正常运行时，下列说法中正确的是()A. 卫星在轨道3上的速率大于在轨道1上的速率B. 卫星在轨道3上的角速度小于在轨道1上的角速度C. 卫星在轨道1上经过Q点时加速度大于它在轨道2上经过Q点时加速度D. 卫星在轨道1上经过Q点时加速度等于它在轨道2上经过Q点时加速度10.如图所示，飞船从轨道1变轨至轨道2.若飞船在两轨道上都做匀速圆周运动，不考虑质量变化，相对于在轨道1上，飞船在轨道2上的()A. 动能大B. 向心加速度大C. 运行周期长D. 角速度小11.最新发现距离地球4.2光年的人马座有一颗可能成为第二颗地球的“超级地球”，已知飞行探测器贴近该星球表面运行的周期、该星球的半径以及万有引力常量，能估算出“超级地球”的()A. 质量B. 平均密度C. 自转周期D. 表面重力加速度12.离地面h处有一个水平圆盘．小物体a的质量为m，小物体b的质量为2m，a与圆盘间的动摩擦因数为2μ，b与圆盘间的动摩擦因数为μ.将a放在水平圆盘的边缘，它与圆心O的距离为R，现使圆盘开始转动，并逐渐增大转动的角速度，当圆盘转动的角速度达到ω时，a恰好飞离圆盘，落到地面．设最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力，重力加速度为g，则()A. a未飞离圆盘前，a受到的摩擦力逐渐增大B. a沿半径方向飞离圆盘C. a落地的位置离圆心O的距离为R+Rω√2ℎgD. 若将a换为b，则当圆盘转动的角速度达到ω之前，b就飞离圆盘三、填空题（本大题共1小题，共3.0分）13.失重产生条件：物体具有______ 的加速度．四、计算题（本大题共5小题，共49.0分）14.为验证向心力公式，某探究小组的同学设计了如图所示的演示实验。
2019-2020学年河南省灵宝市第一高级中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案
2019-2020学年河南省灵宝市第一高级中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABrooklyn Botanic GardenBrief IntroductionThe Brooklyn Botanic Garden (BBG) was acquired by the city of Brooklyn in 1854 along with the land that is Prospect Park.There are so many gardens on display at the BBG that is honestly hard to keep count ofthem. There’s the Japanese Hill and Pond Garden, the Osborne Garden, the Shakespeare Garden... you get the point. Each garden that is displayed will be showing off a different group of amazing plants that come m all sorts of color1 s and sizes. The Brooklyn Botanic Garden offers something for the entire family. They even have a Children’s Garden for the little ones.AttractionsJapanese Hill and Pond GardenOne of the most frequency visited gardens at BBG, the Japanese Hill and Pond Garden is certainly a favorite among visitors. This garden features a variety of styles as well as beautiful scenery with a viewing pavilion (亭子) and a waterfall. The Shogun Lantern featured in the Japanese Hill and Pond Garden is over 500 years old. It was given to the Brooklyn Botanic Garden as a gift from the city of Tokyo.Children’s GardenChildren have been planting plants at the Brooklyn Botanic Garden since 1914 and continue their efforts today. Currently, there are over a thousand children contributing to the Children’s Garden.Shakespeare GardenFor those who have fallen in love with the works of Shakespeare, this will be a garden that they can truly appreciate. Over 80 plants that have been mentioned in the writing of Shakespeare currently grow in the Shakespeare Garden.Getting to Brooklyn Botanic GardenBrooklyn Botanic Garden: 900 Washington Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11225Closest Subway: Prospect Park/ Eastern Parkway/ Franklin AvenueBus Tour Stops: Stop 34 or 35 Brooklyn routeOpening Times15 March— 6 November：Tuesday—Friday: 8:00 am—6:00 pm; Saturday—Sunday: 10:00 am—6:00 pm8 November —11 MarchMonday—Friday: 8:00 am—4:30 pm; Saturday —Sunday: 10:00 am—4:30 pm1.Where can visitors enjoy a waterfall?A.Osborne Garden.B.Shakespeare Garden.C.Children’s Garden.D.Japanese Hill and Pond Garden.2.How can visitors go to the Brooklyn Botanic Garden?A.By taking a bus to Prospect Park.B.By taking a bus to 34 Washington Avenue.C.By taking the subway to Franklin Avenue.D.By taking the subway to Stop 35 on the Brooklyn route.3.When can Nancy visit the Brooklyn Botanic Garden in December?A.5:00 pm on Thursday.B.8:30 am on Wednesday.C4:3 0 pm on Friday. D.9:00 am on Saturday.BIt was very cold and I had been watching a homeless man make himself comfortable in a “shelter” on the river bank. His “shelter” was a tarpaulin (油布)tied to rocks to keep the wind from blowing it away. He had been living there for over a month. I never saw him with warm clothing or food. I knew what I wanted to do.When I told my parents what I wanted to do they werealarmed. They said I could be putting myself at risk, taking a box to a homeless person at night! But I knew, in my deep heart, that I would be safe.I got a box. My parents watched as I added warm gloves, a heavy blanket ... into the box until it was full! Then, I put a Christmas card on top. It said, “Even though we hardly know each other, I want to wish you a Merry Christmas!” I put ten one-dollar bills inside it as well.My father insisted he went there with me as it was 10 pm on Christmas Eve. I said he could drive me but he had to stay in the car. He agreed.I took the box and walked towards his “house”. I called, “Sir, I have a Christmas box for you!”“Go away!” he shouted.“Sir,” I repeated.“Go away!” he shouted.“Why?” I asked him.He walked over and I expected to see an angry face. Instead I saw two of the most beautiful, gentle, blue eyes I have ever seen.“Merry Christmas!” I said.“Why are you doing this?” he asked.“Because you matter to me,” I said. With that I gave him the box.Tears came to his eyes and he thanked me. I got back to the car and watched him carry the box like it was filled with gold. I didn’t want to embarrass (使困窘) him by watching him any more so Dad and I left.4. The underlined word “alarmed” can best be replaced by _____.A. pleasedB. worriedC. disappointedD. surprised5. Why did the author ask his father to stay in the car?A. Because he wanted to prove he was brave.B. Because he believed the homeless man was bad.C. Because he wanted to protect his father from being hurt.D. Because he didn’t want the homeless man to feel bad.6. When the homeless man saw the author first, he was _____.A. quite angryB. very excitedC. quite puzzledD. very curious7. The author’s purpose in writing the text is to tell readers that _____.A. it is easier said than doneB. poverty is the mother of healthC. where there is a will, there is a wayD. a willing helper doesnot wait until he is askedCIn a recent survey of 2000 Americans, housecleaning was shown to have some mood-boosting effects — but that doesn't mean everybody is willing to do it.The majority of respondents (受访者) said cleaning gave them a sense of accomplishment (65%) and helped them clear their mind (63%). Half of these adults said they are most often motivated to clean when they're happy. In fact, 63% of those surveyed find the experience of cleaning to be relaxing - even more so than getting fresh air (61%).But that's not the only reason people clean. A big 70% admitted that tidying their home was a way of putting off having to do other things, with the average procrastinator (拖延者) using that trick four times a week. The survey showed that 86% of respondents do feel on top of their housework, but the last deep clean of their kitchen happened over a week and a half ago. That's no surprise because the kitchen is most terrible of all.Conducted by OnePoll on behalf of DishFish, the survey investigated people's attitudes toward dirty dishes and how they get through tricky task. More than two-thirds of people (69%) let their dishes pile up between washings with 20% saying “always” letting them be placed in the sink, which left them feeling stressed. More than any other room, the kitchen was rated as “very difficult” to cope with. And most people enjoy cleaning their toilet or taking out the garbage more than washing dishes by hand.How do they get through it? 66% listen to music while they clean. 72% have a best-loved song that they sounded while tidying up their home, with “Uptown Funk,”“Read All About It” and “Work” being the three favorite tunes on America's cleaning playlist.8. What is the result of the survey?A. Housecleaning may contribute to a good mood to some extent.B. Housecleaning may strengthen people's willingness to volunteer.C. Housecleaning may cause anxiety and concern for some people.D. Housecleaning may improve people's motivation to other housework.9. What is the top reason why people undertake housecleaning?A. They can entertain themselves.B. They can take in fresh air.C. They get a sense of achievement.D. They can delay other things.10. What are respondents' attitudes to dirty dishes?A. Many would rather wash dishes than throw out the rubbish.B. Half are under pressure with dirty dishes lying in the sink.C. A quarter will let dirty dishes pile up after their meals.D. Most prefer cleaning their toiletto washing dishes by hand.11. What column does the text belong to?A. Feature Story.B. Family Life.C. Scientific Hotspot.D. Finance Focus.DLarry was on another of his underwater expeditions(探险)but this time, it was different. He decided to take his daughter along with him. She was only ten years old. This would be her first trip with her father on what he had always been famous for.Larry first began diving when he was his daughter’s age. Similarly, his father had taken him along on one of his expeditions. Since then, he had never looked back. Larry started out by renting diving suits from the small diving shop just along the shore. He had hated them. They were either too big or too small. Then, there was the instructor. He gave him a short lesson before allowing him into the water with his father. He had made an exception. Larry would never have been able to go down without at least five hours of theory and another similar number of hours on practical lessons with a guide. Children of his age were not even allowed to dive.After the first expedition, Larry’s later diving adventures only got better and better. There was never a dull moment. In his black and blue suit and with an oxygen tank fastened on his back, Larry dived from boats into the middle of the ocean. Dangerous areas did not prevent him from continuing his search. Sometimes, he was limited to a cage underwater but that did not bother him. At least, he was still able to take photographs of the underwater creatures.Larry’s first expedition without his father was in the Cayman Islands. There were numerous diving spots in the area and Larry was determined to visit all of them .Fortunately for him, a man offered to take him around the different spots for rry didn’t even know what the time was, how many spots he dived into or how many photographs he had taken.The diving spots afforded such a wide range of fish and sea creatures that Larry saw more than thirty varieties of creatures.Larry looked at his daughter. She looked as excited as he had been when he was her age. He hoped she would be able to continue the family tradition. Already, she looked like she was much braver than had been then. This was the key to a successful underwater expedition.12. In what way was this expedition different for Larry?A. His daughter had grown up.B. He had become a famous diver.C. His father would dive with him.D. His daughter would dive with him.13. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?A. Larry had some special right.B. Larry liked the rented diving suits.C. Divers had to buy diving equipment.D. Ten-year-old children were permitted to dive.14. What can be learned from the underlined sentence?A. Larry didn’t wear a watch.B. Larry was not good at math.C. Larry had a poor memory.D. Larry enjoyed the adventure.15. What did Larry expect his daughter to do?A. Become a successful diver.B. Make a good diving guide.C. Take a lot of photo underwater.D. Have longer hours of training.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年河南省灵宝市第一高级中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年河南省灵宝市第一高级中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFour Best Cities to Visit in WinterCold rains, icy sidewalks and gray skies can make winter travel a trial. But here are four cities around the world that make for a great cold-weather destination:Prague,Czech RepublicWith its snow-capped spires and winding streets,Pragueis a fairytale city that remains ly tourist-free in winter.The amazing architecture looks even prettier under a sheet of snow, with one of the most beautiful areas being the old town, with its Romanesque vaults. Gas street lamps have been placed throughout the city center, adding a romantic color1 to evenings. Cafes here are ideal for escaping the bitter cold.Salzburg,AustriaWith its Christmas songs and traditional markets, this is a perfect city for a winter break. “Silent Night” was performed for the first time in thechurchofOberndorfon the border ofSalzburgon Christmas Eve in 1818.The city's main market is held in the shadow ofSalzburg'sHohensalzburgCastle, but the one held inMirabell Squareis especially popular with food lovers who come to taste local food such as halusky—pieces of dumpling mixed with fried bacon.Tromso,NorwayTromso is widely regarded asNorway's most beautiful city and is a base for spoiling the northern lights. There are several attractive museums, including thePolarMuseum, which offers an insight into the history of Arctic expeditions, and theTromsoMuseum, which is famous for its Sami exhibitions.Amsterdam,NetherlandsIn winter,Amsterdam' s museums are much less crowded, making it the time to visit attractions such as Rijksmuseum or the Anne Frank House. Built originally to house a circus, the Royal Carre Theater is more than 130 years old. Children will love the spectacular performances.1. What can you do inPrague?A. Enjoy the fascinating architecture.B. Taste local food halusky.C. Appreciate Sami exhibitions.D. Watch a circus performance.2. Where was “Silent Night” first performed?A. In thechurchofOberndorf.B. InHohensalzburgCastle.C. InMirabell Square.D. In the Polar Museum.3. Which city will you choose if you want to see the northern lights?A. Prague.B. Salzburg.C. Tromso.D.Amsterdam.BThe outbreak of the novel corona virus pneumonia (NCP) has disrupted the lives and work of nearly every Chinese person. However, a new trend has been on the rise: many have turned themselves into livestreaming users orfollowers.According to Questmobile, a professional big data intelligence services provider in China, the audience for Douyin, Kuaishou and other livestreaming platforms surged to 574 million during the Spring Festival holiday, up 35 percent from 2019.Confined at home, away from their friends and loved ones, people turn to livestreaming to reach out to the world. For them livestreaming can help them share their lives and interest with a global audience, which will give them the sense of being “in the moment”. Even as viewers, they can also engage immediately with livestreamers by commenting and making suggestions.“When I comment on the livestreaming videos, I’m not simply an audience member, but also an active part of the program. That gives me a sense of engagement,” an Internet user named Wang Hao told People’s Daily.Livestreaming is not only for fun, but also a new tool for many businesses. Affected by the pandemic, many businesses had to stop their sales in physical stores. To meet their business goals and survive during these trying times, many chose to livestream to revive their businesses.Joyoung, a leading maker of small kitchen appliances, is a good example. The company not only added a number of broadcasts each day to advertise their products, but also shared the menus that were beneficial to health. “The responses to our livestreaming shows have been well beyond expectations,” Kang Li, who oversees the company’s livestreaming unit, told China daily. “It’s a natural opportunity to truly bond with our followers.”Like it or not, livestreaming is likely to go mainstream in China for both entertainment and business.4. What is the purpose of writing the second paragraph?A. To introduce some popular livestreaming platforms in China.B. To report data on the development of livestreaming in 2019.C. To show that Chinese people spend too much time on livestreaming apps.D. To prove that livestreaming are becoming increasingly popular in China.5. What does Wang Hao think of commenting on livestreaming?A. It is boring to make comments.B. It is the only way to share viewers’ lives.C. It makes people feel involved in the stream.D. It helps livestreamers improve themselves.6. What do paragraphs 5&6 mainly talk about?A. Livestreaming replaced physical stores in many areas.B. Many businesses turned to livestreaming platform for marketing.C. Livestreaming platforms faced challenges during the pandemic.D. Livestreaming platforms made changes to their services.7. How does the author feel about thefuture of livestreaming？A. Positive.B. Uncertain.C. Disappointed.D. Confused.C"Sorry, but I don't agree with you..."This is usually followed by unbearable silence and angry tears. I've always found it difficult to disagree with someone, because I don't want to lose a friend. I've found it even harder to accept it when someone disagrees with me, because my ego（自尊心）ishurt.Before the other person gets a chance to explain why she disagrees with me, my usual response would be," If you aren't able to see my point of view, then what you think isn't worth my time or consideration, either." But now I've come to realize that when a friend disagrees with me, sometimes she is simply saying, "I don't agree with the way things are done." She still respects me as a person, and is only pointing out a better way to look at a matter. However, there may be times when my friend disagrees with me because I'm against the truth. That's when need to listen to what she says.I've learned that one way to help my friend is for me to be open and honest with the other to voice my thoughts and listen to the other carefully. While we can't control how a person will respond to our views, we must learn to disagree with our friends in love. We will never feel that we are better than the other person.And that will help us to be less emotional, and more objective in the way we express our opinions.In the same way, we can also stay open to feedback（反馈）from others,knowing that our friends may be correcting us in love.Good friendships build each other up, sometimes through disagreements and honest opinions. Though I don't like being disagreed with, I'm starting to see the value of such disagreements.8. The author has found it difficult to disagree with someone because .A. he is a friendly personB. he usually hides his ideasC. he has no mind of his ownD. he wants to keep the friendship9. When a friend disagreed with him,the author used to .A. be unhappyB. argue with the friendC. break up with the friendD. explain things calmly10. The author will listen to a friend when .A. he is against the truthB. he doesn't tell the truthC. he is respected by a friendD. he does things in the wrong way11. What does the author mainly talk about in the text?A. How to keep friendship.B. How to avoid hurting a friend.C. How to express disagreements.D. How to deal with disagreements.DA crew（全体成员）of six teenage girls completed a nine-day sailing trip in the US recently, after having seasickness and strong winds.For the past three years, the Sea Cadet teenagers whoset sail were all male. Roger Noakes, who captained（担任队长）the boat, said this was the first time he’d taken out an all-female crew.The girls asked for an all-girls trip in August this year. The crew set sail along with three adults, Noakes and two Sea Cadet representatives. The original plan was for the girls to sail 24 hours a day in rotating shifts（轮流换班）along the coast and then return. Things turned out differently, however. “The first night was difficult because the wind was really hard. The waves were going up and down,” said Abby Fairchild,16. “Everybody got seasick.” Noakes gave the girls the choice of just sailing in the bay and not going into open water. “But they decided they were going.”The teenagers then sailed a long way overnight and slept in shifts. “We’ve learned everything from controlling the boat to putting up the sails while we have rough seas,” said 15-year-old Olivia Wilcox.The teenagers stopped on land in Massachusetts. They didn’t make it to their original destination（目的地）in Maine, where they were supposed to have a celebratory dinner, due to the weather and winds. They said they weren’t disappointed, however, as they’d learned a lot. “They learned about boating, and above all, they builtconfidence and character,” said Noakes.12. What was special about the Sea Cadet trip this year?A. It was the longest sailing trip ever.B. It was the first all-female-crew sailing trip.C. It was the most dangerous sailing trip ever.D. It was the first sailing trip for teenagers.13. What happened on the crew’s first day of the trip?A. They all felt sick on the boat.B. Some of them were hurt.C. Their boat was out of control.D. They went into open water by mistake.14. Which of the following best describes these young sailors?A. Strong-minded and having a strong sense of teamwork.B. Hard-working and having great leadership skills.C. Understanding and creative.D. Adventurous and skillful.15. According to Noakes, what was the sailors’ greatest benefit from the trip?A. They knew the sea better.B. They made many friends.C. They got excellent sailing skills.D. They developed good personalities.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
河南省三门峡市灵宝第一初级中学2019年高三化学上学期期末试卷含解析
河南省三门峡市灵宝第一初级中学2019年高三化学上学期期末试卷含解析一、单选题（本大题共15个小题，每小题4分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求，共60分。
）1. 普伐他汀是一种调节血脂的药物，其结构简式如图所示（未表示出其空间构型）．下列关于普伐他汀的性质描述正确的是A.能与FeCl3溶液发生显色反应B.不能使酸性KMnO4溶液褪色C.能发生加成、取代、消去反应D.1 mol 该物质最多可与1 mol NaOH 反应参考答案：C2. .下图所示的实验，能达到实验目的的是参考答案：B3. 某溶液中加入铝粉能产生氢气，则该溶液中肯定不能大量共存的离子组是A．AlO2-、NO3-、CO32-、Na+B． Na+、Al3+、H+、Cl-C．NO3-、NH4+、K+、Cl- D．NO3-、K+、AlO2-、OH-参考答案：C略4. 学习时通过比较、归纳,可以加深对问题的认识。
下列比较或归纳一定正确的是 ( )A.稳定性:B.离子半径:阴离子>阳离子C.酸性:D.熔沸点:离子化合物>共价化合物参考答案：C略5. 恒温25℃时，将两铂电极插入一定量硫酸钠饱和溶液中进行电解。
通电一段时间后，阳极析出了a mol气体，同时有ωg Na2SO4·10H2O晶体析出。
剩余溶液中溶质的质量分数为A．×100% B．×100% C． D．参考答案：D6. 25℃时，CaCO3的Ksp为2.9×10﹣9，CaF2的Ksp为2.7×10﹣11．下列说法正碗的是（）A．25℃时，饱和CaCO3溶液与饱和CaF2溶液等体积混合，不会析出CaF2固体B．25℃时，饱和CaCO3溶液与饱和CaF2溶液相比，前者Ca2+浓度大C．25℃时，在CaCO3悬浊液中加人NaF固体，CaCO3全部溶解D．25℃时，CaCO3固体在盐酸中的Ksp比在氨水中的Ksp大参考答案：C解：A、等体积混合后的c（Ca2+）会较饱和CaCO3溶液中的c（Ca2+）大许多倍，c（Ca2+）=；c（F﹣）只减少到原来的为，此时溶液中的c（Ca2+）·c（F﹣）2=×2=＞K sp （CaF2）=2.9×10﹣9，所以会析出CaF2固体，故A错误；B、25℃时，饱和CaCO3溶液中c（Ca2+）=c（CO32﹣）=mol/L，饱和CaF2溶液c（Ca2+）·c（F﹣）2=2.7×10﹣11，c（Ca2+）=mol/L；所以饱和CaCO3溶液和饱和CaF2溶液相比，后者的c（Ca2+）大于前者，故B错误；C、25℃时，在CaCO3悬浊液中加入NaF固体，当c（Ca2+）·c（F﹣）2≥K sp（CaF2）时，CaCO3可能全转化为CaF2，故C正确；D、25℃时，CaCO3固体在20mL0.01 mol·L﹣1盐酸中的K sp与在20mL 0.01 mol·L﹣1氨水中的K sp相同，因沉淀K sp随温度变化，不随浓度改变，故D错误；故选C．7.A．与足量NaOH溶液共热后，再通入CO2B．溶液加热，通入足量的SO2C．与稀硫酸共热后，加入足量NaOH溶液D．与足量稀硫酸共热后，加入足量NaHCO3参考答案：AD略8. 只用水不能鉴别的一组物质是A．硝基苯和溴苯 B．乙酸乙酯和乙醇 C．苯和四氯化碳 D．环己烷和乙醛参考答案：A略9. 向m g镁和铝的混合物中加入适量的稀硫酸，恰好完全反应生成标准状况下的气体b L。
2019-2020学年河南省灵宝市第一高级中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年河南省灵宝市第一高级中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASevenhugs HugOneDo you want to improve the quality of your sleep? Sevenhugs has created HugOne that tracks different sleep patterns to help families consistently rest better. There are dozens of devices and tools devoted to monitoring the sleep. But, HugOne is the world’s first family smart home sleep system, which integrates a calculation rule for sleep patterns of children and adults.HugOne is a well-designed product, full of a sense of science and technology. It connects to a number of smaller sensors called “minihugs”, which are placed on the edge of each bed. They monitor the sleep patterns and other data coming from the person sleeping in that bed. The data arethen sent to an app on the smartphone.● The benefits of HugOne include:* Having a smart alarm clock on the app as HugOne learns your sleep cycle and automatically sets and sounds to when the best moment in your sleep cycle is identified.* Monitoring temperature and humidity in your bedroom as well as indoor air quality for the main living space.* Linking with smart lamps and thermostats, allowing users to fall asleep with sunset light and preferred nighttime temperatures, and wake up to sunrise light and preferred daytime temperatures.* Ensuring safety from electronic transmissions when you sleep-when the minihug senses a presence in bed, it shuts off its electronic transmissions and starts recording sleep data and sending them to the app.● The following are selected from customers’ comments:I prefer HugOne, since it’s convenient to use. I simply place the minihug in the corner of my bed under the sheet and it goes to work monitoring my sleep cycle. It’s really good.—Robert Compton● HugOne available for purchase includes:I think HugOne is a humanized product. It’s shareable, and I’ve connected eight minihugs to the HugOne base in my house. All my family members think highly of it.—Chris Hanawalt HugOne will provide maximum protection for your sleep. If you want to get more detailed information, please call the sellers at 1-800-576-1899 or .Style: Sleep Tracking System＋2 Sleep SensorsColour: Blue＋Rose1. How does HugOne effectively work?A. It controls sleep patterns automatically.B. It creates smart systems for a better sleep.C. It collects sleep data through the minihugs.D. It makes a calculation of the data sensors need.2. According to the passage, HugOne can ______.A. adjust temperature, humidity and air quality in bedroomsB. update the sleep cycles by aid of an alarm clock on the appC. record sleep data when there are electronic transmissions in bedD. help users fall asleep and wake up naturally with preferred temperatures3. The passage is made more believable by ______.A. providing statisticsB. drawing a comparisonC. giving a demonstrationD. using recommendationsBA new study finds almost one third of the world’s population is overweight. Since 1980, obesity rates(肥胖率)in children and adults have doubled in 73 countries, making people more worried. And rates are increasing in many other countries. Obesity is increasing faster in children than adults in many nations, including Algeria, Turkey and Jordan, the report said. But the world's weight problem is growing in both rich and poor countries alike. Researchers say an increasing number of people are dying of related health problems in what they called a "disturbing global public health problem."Researchers studied health information from 1980 through 2015. They examined obesity rates, average weight gain in 195 countries. They found that obesity rates are three times greater among youth and young adults in countries like China, Brazil and India. Almost 108 million children and more than 600 million adults were found to be overweight. Egypt had the highest number of overweight adults in 2015. Vietnam had the least. In the same year, the United States had the highest number of overweight children, and Bangladesh had the least.Yet hunger remains a problem in many areas. The United Nations said that almost 800 million people, including 300 million children, go to bed hungry each night. Experts said poor diets and lack of physical activity are mainly to blame for the rising numbers of overweight people.Growing populations have led to rising obesity rates in poor countries. Often, poor people will eat processed(加工的) foods instead of choosing a diet rich in vegetables.The London-based Overseas Development Institute studied the price of food in five countries: Britain, Brazil, China, Mexico and South Korea. It found that the cost of processed foods like ice creamand hamburgers has fallen since 1990. But the cost of fresh fruits and vegetables has gone up.4. What do we know about obesity in the world?A. It is worryingB. It is given no attentionC. It has been successfully solvedD. It is more serious among old people5. Which country has the most overweight children in 2015?A. AmericaB. VietnamC. EgyptD. Bangladesh6. What is one of the reasons why people get overweight?A. HungerB. Poor dietC. Diets with vegetablesD. Eating too much fruit7. Which ofthe following can be the best title for the text?A. It’s Important to Have a Balanced DietB. How Can We Lose Weight and Keep Fit?C. Is It Necessary for Us to Eat Fresh Vegetables?D. Nearly One Third of People in the World Are Overweight.CThey are smart. They know how to steal. They know how to find food. They know how to intimidate(恐吓) . Who are they? They are macaque monkeys. They have taken over the old city ofLopburiinThailand. About 8,400 of them are in the center of the city. They roam(漫游) neighborhoods in groups. Dozens of businesses in Lopburi are closing. They include a music school, a gold shop, a barber, a cellphone store and a movie theatre. The Buddhist culture believes reducing the number of monkeys would disturb spiritual well-being.The monkeys were not always such a hazard. They attracted tourists. Buddhists thought feeding them was a good deed. Now times have changed. Recently, the coronavirus made things worse. There are fewer tourists, which means that travelers give less food to the monkeys. Over the years, the monkeys moved into empty buildings. They trashed whatever they came across. They ripped(扯掉) antennas and windshield wipers off parked cars. What happens when monkeys come into contact with humans? An observer said that years ago the monkeys were fewer, biggerand healthier. Their fur was shiny and thick. They kept to the temples，as well as the ruins of the ancient Khmer civilization.Then tourists came with easy and unhealthy food. Along with bananas and citrus(柑橘), the macaques feasted on junk food. An observer said, “The monkeys are never hungry. They are just like children who eat too much KFC. ” Compared with the monkeys of the forest, their urban counterparts have less muscle. They have more hypertension and blood disease. Their fur has thinned. Some have gone bald. With so much food available，they have more time to breed and to give birth. Their population has exploded. “These monkeys were here before us,” a man said. A juvenile macaque tugged(拽) his trousers demanding a treat. “We have to adapt to them，not the other way around. ”8. Why are macaque monkeys so popular in Lopburi inThailand?A. Because they are smart and know how to steal.B. Because they have taken over the old city ofLopburiinThailand.C. Because they are symbols of spiritual well-being in the Buddhist culture.D. Because 8,400 of them are in the centre of the city and roam everywhere.9. In what way has tourism influenced the macaque monkeys?A. The monkeys are bigger and healthier.B. The monkeys like eating KFC food.C. The monkeys have suffered from more diseases.D. The monkeys are subject to birth control.10. What does the underlined word “counterparts” in the last paragraph refer to?A. Monkeys.B. Tourists.C. Buddhists.D. Children.11. It can be inferred from what the man said that ________.A. monkeys are ancestors, so humans should adapt to monkeysB. humans should regard monkeys with awe and respectC. monkeys should be forced to follow rulesD. humans should give monkeys whatever they wantDElizabeth Spelke, a cognitive psychologist at Harvard, has spent her career testing the world’s most complex learning system-the mind of a baby. Babies might seem like no match for artificial intelligence (AI). They are terrible at labeling images, hopeless at mining text, and awful at video games. Then again, babies can do things beyond the reach of any AI. By just a few months old, they’ve begun to grasp the foundations of language, such as grammar. They’ve started to understand how to adapt to unfamiliar situations.Yet even experts like Spelke don’t understand precisely how babies or adults learn. Consider one of the most impressive examples of AI, Alpha Zero, a programme that plays board games with superhuman skill. After playing thousands of games against itself at a super speed, and learning from winning positions, Alpha Zero independently discovered several famous chess strategies and even invented new ones. It certainly seems like a machineeclipsinghuman cognitive abilities. But Alpha Zero needs to play millions more games than a person during practice to learn a game. Most importantly, it cannot take what it has learned from the game and apply it to another area.To some AI experts, that calls for a new approach. In a November research paper, Francois Chollet, a well-known AI engineer, argued that it’s misguided to measure machine intelligence just according to its skills at specific tasks. “Humans don’t start out with skills; they start out with a broad ability to acquire new skills,” he says. “What a strong human chess player is demonstrating is not only the ability to play chess, but the potential to fulfill any task of a similar difficulty.”12. Compared to an advanced AI programme, a baby might be better at ________.A playing games B. identifying locations C. labeling pictures D. making adjustments13. What does the underlined word “eclipsing” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Imitating.B. Beating.C. Limiting.D. Promoting.14. According to the text, Francois Chollet may agree that ________.A. AI is good at completing certain assignments.B. AI is likely to gain abilities with less training.C. AI lacks the ability of acquiring specific skills.D. AI performs better than humans in cognitive ability.15. Whichwould be the best title for this passage?A. What is exactly intelligence?B. Why is modern AI advanced?C. Where is human intelligence going?D. How do humans face the challenge of AI?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年河南省灵宝市第一高级中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案
2019-2020学年河南省灵宝市第一高级中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen you grow up in Voss, outdoor adventures become a way of living. This is why visitors will find outdoor activities for all ages and levels. Many people get the impression that such activities as river sports, air sports and other extreme sports are only for the experts. Actually, you will find many outdoor adventures for those who simply want a taste of these elements in Voss.◆River KayakingThe river in Voss are great for river kayaking. If you are a beginner, we advise you to try an introduction course of 3 hours. A course of 2 days can be tested out if you really want to learn the sport of kayaking. Get a totally new experience with one of the best kayak centers inNorway.Prices From NOK 850 per person◆RaftingThe most popular summer activity in Voss. Thrilling, fun and suitable for beginners as well as those with experience! Includes transportation, safety instruction, swim test and about8kmof breathtaking rafting starting off in softer steams before getting on to the more exciting streams.Season Daily May—OctoberPrices From NOK 1,120Info All necessary equipment is provided. Please bring your own swimwear and towel.◆Bavallsekspressen Chair LiftExplore the mountain by riding the Bavallsekpressen chair lift all the way to the top to get immediate access to a great variety of hiking trails in beautiful scenery. The lift is also open for those who want to bring their bike or paraglider. Start and end: From Bavallen to Hangurstoppen.Season: Sat/Sun 24 June—06 August 12:00-16:00Prices Single trip: NOK 100 Day pass: NOK 250◆HusdyrparkenAt Husdyrparken, visitors get to experience Norwegian farm animals. You can participate in animal feedingand farm competitions, or simply relax with an organic ice cream in the café. You can also visit a small museum with old farming equipment.Season: Daily 18 June—21 AugustPrices: Adults NOK 120 Children NOK 60 Senior NOK 60Family Pass NOK 200 (For up to two adults and two kids)1. Who are the intended readers of the passage?A. Local residents.B. Professional athletes.C. Travel experts.D. Common Tourists.2. Which of the following activities provide instructions for beginners?A. River Kayaking and Rafting.B. Husdyrparken and River Kayaking.C. Rafting and Bavallsekspressen Chair Lift.D. Bavallsekspressen Chair Lift and Husdyrparken.3. How much should Jan pay for a farm trip with her little son and her mother in Voss?A. NOK 240.B. NOK 200.C. NOK 180.D. NOK 120.BOne billion people in the world are short of water. How can this problem be solved. Some suggestions have been to desalinate ocean water or to build enormous water pipelines from areas where water is abundant. (Suggestions such as these prove extremely expensive when they are actually used.) One possibility that scientists are considering is pulling icebergs from either the North Pole or the South Pole to parts of the world with a water shortage. Although many questions must be answered before such a project could be tried, moving icebergs seems a reasonable possibility in the future.Engineers, mathematicians, and glaciologists from a dozen countries have been considering the iceberg as a future source of water. Saudi Arabia is particularly interested in this project because it has a great water shortage. Scientists estimate that it would take 128 days to transport a large iceberg (about 1/2 square mile) to Saudi Arabia. Yet the iceberg would be completely melted by the 104th day. Therefore, insulation would be essential, but how to insulate the iceberg remains an unsolved problem.The problems in transporting an iceberg are numerous. The first problem is choosing the iceberg to pull. The icebergs that form in the North Pole are quite difficult to handle because of their shape. Only a small portion extends above the water — most of the iceberg is below the surface, which would make it difficult to pull. South Pole icebergs, on the other hand, are flat and float like table tops. Thus they would be much easier to move.How can a 200-million-ton iceberg be moved. No ship is strong enough to pull such enormous weight through the water. Perhaps several ships could be used. Attaching ropes to an iceberg this size is also an enormous problem. Engineers think that large nails or long metal rods could be driven into the ice. What would happen if the iceberg splits into several pieces during the pulling. Even if an iceberg with very few cracks were chosen, how could it be pulled through stormy waters. Furthermore, once the iceberg reached its destination, very few ports would be deep enough to store it.All of these problems must be solved before icebergs can become a reasonable source of water. Yet scientists estimate that it will be possible to transport them in the near future. Each year, enough icebergs form to supply the whole world with fresh water for a full year. In addition, icebergs are free and nonpolluting. As a solution to the world’s water problems, icebergs may be a workable possibility.4. What is a problem in transporting iceberg?A. The size of the iceberg.B. The colour of the iceberg.C. The salt in the iceberg.D. The movement of air and water.5. What is the author’ attitude towards transporting iceberg?A. Pessimistic.B. Objective.C. Optimistic.D. Unconcerned.6. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. It is hard to use iceberg.B. Iceberg are a good choice.C. There are problems with iceberg.D. Man finds no other ways to solve water shortage.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Shortage of water.B. Icebergs for water.C. Scientists and icebergs.D. Iceberg—scientists headache.CAs an eco-minimalist, Su Yige has maintained an environmentally friendly and sustainable lifestyle for the past three years while studying in Canada. She takes her own bag when she goes grocery shopping and uses second-hand items as often as possible. She avoids almost all paper-related products unless she has to use a public toilet while away from home.Diligence and thrift are time-honored traditional Chinese virtues. Su's family is a good example of this,according to the native of Weihai, Shandong province. Although they have little formal “green” knowledge, her parents lead a very environmentally friendly life.For example, the family has used the same hair dryer for more than a decade, and Su remembers many of her mother's clothes from as far back as kindergarten. “As long as something can still be used, my mother will not replace it with a new item,” she said.“I frequently asked my father to bring the plastic bag back home after dumping our waste in the trash bin. He was unhappy, and argued that instead of making that request, I should go downstairs to dump the waste myself” she said. In another move, her father criticized her for doing too much shopping online. Eventually, they both made steps toward becoming better environmentalists. Her father brings the bag back for reuse and she has only bought two pieces of clothing online in the past six months.Back in Canada, Su is looking forward to finding a job related to sustainable development in China after she graduates as a computer science major in the summer.8. Which of the following best describes Su Yige?A. Conservative.B. Nostalgic.C. Economical.D. Productive.9. What can be found about Su's mother according to the third paragraph?A. She has a lot of formal green knowledge.B. She regards using the same items as a lifestyle.C. She always wears old clothes due to lack of money.D. She will not replace the old items until they are out of style.10. What can be inferred about Su and her father?A. Both of them like to criticize each other.B. Su's father is particular about her clothes.C. The relationship between them is very tense.D. They urge each other to become more environmentally friendly.11. What can we learn about the author soon after she graduates in Canada?A. She will stay there to look for a job.B. She will put effort into computer science.C. She will devote herself to her motherland's future.D. She will come back to China to stay with her parents.DWhy can friendships be hard? Because often people aren't as honest and open as they should be. Sometimes, people end up getting hurt.Most problems with friendships come up because people are just too selfish to care about the things that their friends need. They care about their own needs much more, which makes it hard for friendships to work. However, being selfish is part of human nature. A person is put together in order to take care of himself and his own needs, not necessarily those needs of other people. Even though being selfish is something that all humans are born with, it is something that everyone should guard against.The best thing to remember when you are a friend to anyone is that you need to treat your friend the same way as you'd like to be treated. This is wonderful advice for a friendship, because it is really the only way to make sure that you are giving your friend everything you would want to be given in a friendship. Whenever you have a question about how you should treat a friend, it is easy to find an answer simply by asking yourself what you would like your friend to do for you, if he or she is in your shoes.Even if you're always thinking about how you'd like to be treated, and your friends are too, there are issues that come up from time to time in each friendship, and it is important to understand how to deal with these issues so that you can build stronger and healthier friendships. Issues like friends getting boyfriends or girlfriends and not spending enough time with their friends, or even friends finding new friends and leaving old friends behind are issues that will probably come up with one or more of your friendships. It is important to know how to deal with these issues so that you can keep your friends and make new ones. No one wants to have a broken friendship.12. Why may problems with friendships appear?A. One is selfish.B. One is alone.C. One is too anxious.D. One is too busy.13. What's the first and most important thing to be other people's friend?A. Not to hurt your friends' feelings.B. To give your friends whatever you have.C. To treat your friends as fairly as possible.D. Not to think of your own needs any more.14. What is the text mainly about?A. The Meaning of FriendshipsB. The Importance of FriendshipsC. The Advantages of FriendshipsD. The Problems with Friendships15. What may follow the last paragraph of the text?A. How to make many friends.B. How to keep friends happy.C. How to treat friends correctly.D. How to solve friendship issues.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年河南省灵宝市第一高级中学高三语文期中试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年河南省灵宝市第一高级中学高三语文期中试卷及答案解析一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面文章，完成下面小题。
北京渐远的叫卖声黄开发上午在家看书，楼下传来叫卖声：“磨剪子磨刀——”声音低沉，有些苍老的感觉。
“磨”字发音很轻，“刀”字音有点像“都”，与以往所听到的不同。
我走到窗前，见一个老师傅推着自行车走过。
他看起来六十来岁，光头，戴眼镜，上下一身咖啡色的衣裳，连自行车的挡泥板和支架都是这个颜色，——后者应是生锈的缘故。
他不时抖动着一串金闺，发出哗啦哗啦的铁片碰击声。
回到书桌前，我顺手从身边的书架上取下一本书—— 布面仿线装的《一岁货声》。
此书高踞书架已两年有余，之所以放在近前，是为了取读的方便，然而一直忙于读其他的书，无暇顾及。
时令交替，应时叫卖，最能反映出农业文明时代鲜明的季节感。
下面从《一岁货声》中略抄几则，可见一斑。
暮春四月，胡同口的菜摊传来：“杏儿来，熟又烂来，酸来还又管换来呀，烂杏儿巴达来，小葱儿来，莴苣菜呀，嫩水萝葡来，白菜呀，蒿子杆来，蒜苗来，豌豆角儿来，黄瓜来，勾葱辣秦椒来，卖粉皮儿一大钱。
”听到这声音，脑子里就会浮现出杏儿黄、水萝卜红、蔬菜绿的画面，丰富多彩。
“巴达杏”是一种出自西域的著名品种，小贩以此招徕顾客。
“嗳……十朵，花啊晚香啊，晚香的玉来，一个大钱十五朵。
”这是叫卖晚香玉的。
农历五月，初夏的黄昏，悠长的青灰色胡同，篮筐中盛开的白花，阵阵馥郁的芬芳……这动人的情景，宛如一幅有声的风俗画，一首有味的乡土诗。
其中的点号不是省略号，原编者在序中解释，这是表示长声与余韵的。
初冬十月，天气转冷，卖蒸白薯的来了：“栗子味的白糖来，是栗子味的白薯来……烫手来，蒸化了，锅底儿，赛过糖了，喝了蜜了，蒸透了白薯啊，真热活呀！”蒸白薯又香又甜又热乎，听了就使人流哈喇子。
时至腊月，临近年根，各种吆喝声、响器声密集起来。
有跑旱船、耍猴儿的，有卖供花、关东糖的，有卖年画、对联的，有熬粥、卖豆豉豆腐的，有卖红头绳、绫绢花的，有卖砂锅、装灯带的……各种吆喝声伴随着锣声、鼓声、唢呐声，在冰冷的空气里酿出了温煦、热闹、欢庆的年节气氛。
河南省灵宝市第一高级中学2018-2019学年高二英语下学期第一次月清考试试题
灵宝一高2018—2019学年度下期第一次月清考试高二英语第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What is the magazine about?A.Entertainment.B.Decoration.C.Cooking.2.Why did the man buy the new fridge?A.It is large.B.It is advanced.C.It is energy-saving.3.What are the speakers talking about?A.Their test scores.B.A football game.C.Two football teams.4.What does the woman mean?A.Her suggestions were turned down.B.She missed the marketing meeting.C.She failed to put forward her suggestions.5.How does the man hope to spend the weekend?A.Playing golf.B.Working as usual.C.Doing a little gardening.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
2019-2020学年三门峡市灵宝实验高中高一下学期第一次月考物理试卷(含答案解析)
2019-2020学年三门峡市灵宝实验高中高一下学期第一次月考物理试卷一、单选题（本大题共7小题，共28.0分）1.下列说法中正确的是()A. 两个匀速直线运动的合运动的轨迹必是直线B. 两个匀变速直线运动的合运动的轨迹必是直线C. 两个匀变速直线运动的合运动的轨迹必是曲线D. 一个匀变速直线运动和一个匀速直线运动的合运动的轨迹必是直线2.关于万有引力定律和引力常量的发现，下列说法正确的是()A. 万有引力定律是开普勒发现的，而引力常量是由伽利略测定的B. 万有引力定律是开普勒发现的，而引力常量是由卡文迪许测定的C. 万有引力定律是由牛顿发现的，而引力常量是由胡克测定的D. 万有引力定律是由牛顿发现的，而引力常量是由卡文迪许测定的3.从距地面h高处水平抛出两个相同的小球甲和乙，不计空气阻力，球的落地点到抛出点的水平距离分别是x甲和x乙，且x甲<x乙，如图所示．则下列说法正确的是()A. 甲球在空中运动的时间短B. 甲、乙两球在空中运动的时间相等C. 甲球平抛的初速度大D. 甲、乙两球落地时速度大小相等4.宇宙飞船绕地球做匀速圆周运动，飞船原来的线速度为v1，周期为T1，假设在某时刻飞船向后喷气做加速运动后，进入新的轨道做匀速圆周运动，运动的线速度为v2，周期为T2，则()A. v1>v2，T1>T2B. v1>v2，T1<T2C. v1<v2，T1>T2D. v1<v2，T1<T25.一小球以一定的初速度从图示位置进入光滑的轨道，小球先进入圆轨道1，再进入圆轨道2。
圆轨道1的半径为R，圆轨道2的半径是轨道1的1.6倍，小球的质量为m。
若小球恰好能通过轨道2的最高点B，则小球在轨道1上经过最高点A处时对轨道的压力为()A. 2mgB. 3mgC. 4mgD. 5mg6.关于匀速圆周运动，下列说法正确的是()A. 匀速圆周运动就是匀速运动B. 匀速圆周运动是一种变加速运动C. 匀速圆周运动的物体处于平衡状态D. 匀速圆周运动的加速度是恒定不变的7.我国于2007年10月24日成功发射了“嫦娥一号”探月卫星．若卫星在半径为r的绕月圆形轨道上运行的周期T，则其线速度大小是()A. Tr B. T2πrC. rTD. 2πrT二、多选题（本大题共5小题，共20.0分）8.一小球被细绳拴着，在水平面内做半径为R的匀速圆周运动，向心加速度为a.那么()A. 小球运动的角速度ω=√aRB. 小球在时间t内通过的路程为s=t√aRC. 小球做匀速圆周运动的周期T=√RaD. 小球在时间t内可能发生的最大位移为2R9.地月拉格朗日L2点，始终位于地月连线上的如图所示位置，该点距离地球40多万公里，距离月球约6.5万公里。
2019-2020学年河南省灵宝市第一高级中学高三语文第一次联考试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年河南省灵宝市第一高级中学高三语文第一次联考试题及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
材料一：反观网红建筑，则不难发现，网红建筑的走红往往是凭借一张照片或一段视频。
其走红原因可以很简单，或是体现了某一时刻、某一角度的美感，或是展现了一种特殊的风情，或是形成了某种奇特的效果，这些都可能触发人们的喜爱、好奇或者惊叹。
对照地标形成的过程和原因，网红建筑照片反映的是瞬时、片面、局部的信息，其真实性存疑。
网红建筑的形成不一定来自于人们的真实体验，不需要时间积淀，甚至可以与当地市民无关，推动其成为网红的流量，完全可能来自不同地域。
如此便可以理解，为什么不能简单地把网红建筑与城市地标画等号。
网红建筑确有其价值与意义，但由于其形成过程和原因过于简单，照片可能变成“照骗”，打卡可能成为廉价的炫耀。
同时，网红的另一特征往往是转瞬即逝，在网上迅速走红后，可能很快就被人淡忘。
在建设成本巨大的建筑领域，这些问题值得警醒。
人类社会自进入现代以来，经历了大规模的高速城市化进程，同时也暴露出不少问题。
国际建筑领域曾围绕这些议题进行过讨论。
有人认为，现代建筑的大量涌现破坏了城市整体性，大规模建设也造成了“千城一面”的问题，城市文化传统未能得到充分尊重，城市个性被削弱，城市辨识度下降。
正因如此，城市地标成为一个具有时代性和普遍性的课题，在信息技术高速发展的今天，呈现为对网红效应的盲目追求。
城市建设是一项具有高度复杂性和矛盾性的议题，其解决方案也不可能简而化之。
许多城市都曾举办过评选城市新地标的活动，最后往往不了了之，原因就在于此。
近期，住建部、国家发改委印发《关于进一步加强城市与建筑风貌管理的通知》，要求治理“贪大、媚洋、求怪”等建筑乱象，落实“适用、经济、绿色、美观”新时期建筑方针，探索建立城市总建筑师制度，为城市建筑设计进一步指明方向。
针对超高层地标建筑建设，《通知》列出明确规范，以遏制各地盲目规划建设“摩天楼”之风。
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可能用到的相对原子质量：H：1 C：12 O：16 N：14 S：32 Al：27 Na：23一、选择题（本题共包括20小题，每小题仅有一个正确答案，每小题2.5分，共50分）1．NA表示阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列有关说法正确的是A．1.8 g H2O2所含中子总数为NAB．1 L 1 mol/L的甲醇水溶液中含有氢原子总数为4NAC．12 g石墨和C60的混合物中质子总数为6NAD．反应KIO3＋6HI===KI＋3H2O＋3I2中，生成1 mol I2转移电子的总数为2NA【答案】C【解析】试题分析：A．1.8g重水的物质的量为0.09mol，0.09mol重水中含有0.9mol电子，含有的电子数为0.9NA，故A错误；B．水中含有氢原子，含有的氢原子总数大于4NA，故B错误；C．12g 石墨和C60的混合物中含有12gC，含有1mol碳原子，1molC中含有6mol质子，含有的质子总数为6NA，故C正确；D．在反应KIO3+6HI═KI+3I2+3H2O中，碘元素化合价+5价和-1价变化为0价，电子转移5mol，生成3mol碘单质，每生成3mol I2转移的电子数为5NA，故D错误；故选C。
考点：考查了阿伏加德罗常数和阿伏加德罗定律的相关知识。
2．用NA表示阿伏加德罗常数，下列说法中正确的是①46 g NO2和N2O4的混合气体中含有的原子个数为3NA②常温下，4 g CH4含有NA个C—H共价键③10 mL质量分数为98%的H2SO4，加水至100 mL，H2SO4的质量分数为9.8%④标准状况下，5.6 L四氯化碳含有的分子数为0.25NA⑤25℃时，pH＝12的1.0 L NaClO溶液中水电离出的OH－的数目为0.01NA⑥0.1 mol·L－1 Na2CO3溶液中含有0.1NA个CO32-⑦1 mol Na2O2与水完全反应时转移电子数为2NAA．③⑥⑦B．①②⑤C．①②④D．④⑤⑥【答案】B【解析】试题分析：①NO2和N2O4的最简式相同为NO2，计算46g NO2中所含原子数=4646/gg mol×3×NA=3NA，故①正确；②4gCH4的物质的量为0.25mol，而1mol甲烷中含4个C-H共价键，故0.25mol甲烷中含1molC-H键，即NA个，故②正确；③硫酸的质量分数越大，硫酸溶液的密度越大，稀释过程中硫酸的质量不变，考点：考查了阿伏加德罗常数和阿伏加德罗定律的相关知识。
3．制备(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O的实验中，需对过滤出产品的母液(pH<1)进行处理。
室温下，分别取母液并向其中加入指定物质，反应后的溶液中主要存在的一组离子正确的是A．通入过量Cl2：Fe2＋、H＋、NH＋4、Cl－、SO2－44、ClO－B．加入少量NaClO溶液：NH＋4、Fe2＋、H＋、SO2－4、OH－C．加入过量NaOH溶液：Na＋、Fe2＋、NH＋4、SO2－4、Cl－、ClO－、OH－D．加入过量NaClO和NaOH的混合溶液：Na＋、SO2－【答案】D【解析】试题分析：Cl2过量，Fe2＋不能大量存在：2Fe2＋＋Cl2 ==2Fe3＋＋2Cl－，A错误；NaClO具有强氧化性，Fe2＋不能大量存在，同时H＋与ClO－生成弱电解质HClO，B错误；Fe2＋、NH＋4与OH－不能大量共存，C错误。
故选D。
考点：考查了离子共存的相关知识。
开发新材料是现代科技发展的方向之一。
下列有关材料的说法正确的是A．合成纤维和光导纤维都是有机高分子材料B．SiO2是人类将太阳能转变为电能的常用材料C．水晶、玛瑙、水泥和瓷器都是硅酸盐制品D．氮化硅陶瓷是新型无机非金属材料【答案】D【解析】试题分析：光导纤维的成分是SiO2，A错误；晶体硅是人类将太阳能转变为电能的常用材料，B错误；水晶、玛瑙的主要成分是SiO2，C错误；氮化硅陶瓷是新型无机非金属材料，D正确；故选D。
考点：考查了化学材料的分类的相关知识。
目前，安全生产和食品、药品安全受到人们的高度重视。
下列有关说法不正确的是A．检查病人胃病所用的钡餐，只能用BaSO4，不可以用BaCO3B．为了使馒头、银耳等洁白、卖相好，可以用点燃硫磺法熏蒸它们C．可以用SO2来漂白纸浆、毛、丝、草帽辫等D．“硫磺”温泉可以医治皮肤病【答案】B【解析】试题分析：BaCO3易与胃酸反应生成BaCl2，BaCl2是重金属盐，能使蛋白质变性而使人中毒，A正确；不能用SO2熏蒸食品，食用用SO2熏蒸的食品，对人体的肝、肾脏等有严重损害，B 错误；可以用SO2来漂白纸浆、毛、丝、草帽辫等，C正确；含硫量较高的温泉可以医治皮肤病，D正确。
故选B。
考点：考查了化学与健康的相关知识。
下列推断正确的是A．N2、NO、NO2都是大气污染气体，在空气中都能稳定存在B．向AlCl3溶液中滴加过量的氨水能看到先产生白色沉淀，后沉淀溶解C．可用浓硫酸或者浓硝酸除去镀在铝表面的铜镀层D．在稀硫酸中加入铜粉，铜粉不溶解；再加入Cu(NO3)2固体，铜粉就会溶解【答案】D【解析】试题分析：A、N2不是污染物，NO在空气中会发生反应2NO+O2=2NO2，不能稳定存在，A 错；B、Al(OH)3沉淀不能溶于过量的氨水中，B错误；C、浓硫酸和浓硝酸都能使铝钝化，但在常温下，浓硝酸能与铜反应，浓硫酸不能，故可用浓硝酸，不能用浓硫酸，C错误；选项D、Cu不能与稀硫酸反应，但加入Cu(NO3)2后，溶液中存在HNO3，Cu可以溶解在HNO3中，D正确；故选D。
考点：考查了物质的性质的相关知识。
7．下列现象或事实可用同一原理解释的是A．浓硫酸和浓盐酸长期暴露在空气中浓度降低B．氯水和活性炭使红墨水褪色C．漂白粉和钠长期暴露在空气中变质D．氯水和过氧化钠使品红褪色【答案】D【解析】试题分析：A．浓硫酸具有吸水性，浓度降低是因溶剂增多，而浓盐酸易挥发浓度减小是因溶质减少，原因考点：考查了物质的性质及反应原理的相关知识。
8．下列实验现象，与新制氯水中的某些成分（括号内物质）没有关系的是A．向NaHCO3固体中加入新制的氯水，有无色气泡产生（H+）B．新制氯水使红色布条褪色（HCl）C．将AgNO3溶液滴加到新制氯水中，有白色沉淀产生（Cl-）D．向FeCl2溶液中滴加新制氯水，再滴加KSCN溶液，溶液呈红色（Cl2）【答案】B【解析】试题分析：新制氯水中Cl2+H2O H＋+ Cl－+HClO，HClO H＋+ ClO－且存在H2OH＋+ OH—，故在新制氯水中存在：H2O、Cl2、HClO、H＋、Cl－、ClO－、OH—，向NaHCO3固体中加入新制的氯水，有无色气泡产生，是因为氯水中2H＋+ CO32—=H2O+ CO2，故A项说法正确；新制氯水使红色布条褪色，是由于HClO具有漂白性，与HCl无关，故B项说法错误，本题选B；将AgNO3溶液滴加到新制氯水中，有白色沉淀产生是由于Ag++Cl－=AgCl↓，故C项说法正确；向FeCl2溶液中滴加新制氯水，再滴加KSCN溶液，溶液呈红色，发生反应：2Fe2++ Cl2=2Cl－+2Fe3+，Fe3++3SCN—= Fe(SCN)3，故D项说法正确。
故选B。
考点：考查了氯水性质的相关知识。
9．如图是某研究小组采用电解法处理石油炼制过程中产生的大量H2S废气的工艺流程。
该方法对H2S的吸收率达99%以上，并可制取H2和S。
下列说法正确的是A．吸收H2S的离子方程式为：Fe3++H2S====Fe2++S↓+2H+B．电解过程中的阳极反应主要为：2Cl--2e-====Cl2↑C．该工艺流程体现绿色化学思想D．实验室可用点燃充分燃烧的方法消除H2S污染【答案】C【解析】试题分析：A、由图中的流程图可知，FeCl3与H2S反应生成S和Fe2+，得失电子不守恒，故A错误；B、电解的是氯化亚铁和盐酸溶液，阳极发生的应该是氧化反应，所得滤液中含有Fe2+、H+和Cl-，由于还原性Fe2+＞Cl-（或根据图示循环），电解时阳极反应式为Fe2+-e-═Fe3+，故B错误；C、该过程中吸收的H2S最后转化为H2和S，因此体现绿色化学，故C正确；D、由于H2S充分燃烧的化学方程式为2H2S+3O2═2SO2+2H2O，生成的SO2也是一种有毒气体，故D错误；故选C。
考点：考查了电解原理；常见的生活环境的污染及治理的相关知识。
10．根据海水综合利用的工业流程图，判断下列说法正确的是已知：MgCl2·6H2O受热生成Mg(OH)Cl和HCl气体等。
A．过程①的提纯是物理过程，过程②通过氧化还原反应可产生2种单质B．在过程③中将MgCl2·6H2O在空气中灼烧即可制得无水MgCl2C．过程⑤反应后溶液呈强酸性，生产中需解决其对设备的腐蚀问题D．在过程④、⑥反应中每氧化0.2 mol Br- 需消耗2.24 L Cl2【答案】C【解析】试题分析：A．过程①的提纯中过滤属于物理过程，但是除去镁离子、碳酸根离子、硫酸根离子属于化学过程；过程②电解饱和食盐水获得了氯气和氢气两种单质，故A错误；B．因MgCl2•6H2O受热生成Mg（OH）Cl和HCl气体等，得不到无水MgCl2，若要由MgCl2•6H2O 灼烧即可制得无水MgCl2，为防止Mg2+发生水解，应在HCl气氛中进行，故B错误；C．因Br2+SO2 +2H2O=2HBr+H2SO4，反应后溶液呈酸性，能与金属容器反应，生产中需解决其对设备的腐蚀问题，故C正确；D．每氧化0.2 mol Br-需消耗0.1 mol Cl2，但体积不一定是2.24 L，在标准状况下才是2.24 L，故D错误；故选C。
考点：考查了海水资源综合利用的相关知识。
11．下列关系图中，A是一种正盐，B是气态氢化物，C是单质，F是强酸。
当X无论是强酸还是强碱时都有如下转化关系(其他反应产物及反应所需条件均已略去)，当X是强碱时，过量的B跟Cl2反应除生成C外，另一产物是盐酸盐。
11．下列关系图中，A是一种正盐，B是气态氢化物，C是单质，F是强酸。
当X无论是强酸还是强碱时都有如下转化关系(其他反应产物及反应所需条件均已略去)，当X是强碱时，过量的B跟Cl2反应除生成C外，另一产物是盐酸盐。
下列说法中不正确的是A．当X是强酸时，A、B、C、D、E、F中均含同一种元素，F可能是H2SO4B．当X是强碱时，A、B、C、D、E、F中均含同一种元素，F是HNO3C．B和Cl2的反应是氧化还原反应D．当X是强酸时，C在常温下是气态单质【答案】D【解析】试题分析：当X是强酸时，A、B、C、D、E、F可以分别是Na2S、H2S、S、SO2、SO3、H2SO4，；A正确12．下列说法正确的是A．浓硫酸在常温下可迅速与铜片反应放出二氧化硫气体B．在含有Cu(NO3)2、Mg(NO3)2和AgNO3的溶液中加入适量锌粉，首先置换出的是Cu C．能与酸反应生成盐和水的氧化物一定是碱性氧化物D．将Ba(OH)2溶液滴到明矾溶液中，当SO42-刚沉淀完时，铝以AlO2-的形式存在【答案】C【解析】试题分析：常温下浓硫酸使铁钝化，钝化属于化学反应，A错误；Na2CO3可与CO2反应生成NaHCO3，B错误；红色物质可与稀硫酸反应，一定不是铜，所以只能为Cu2O，C正确；浓硝酸的氧化性大于稀硝酸，D错误。