北京师大附中2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期中考试化学试卷(AP班)
北京师大附中2013-2014学年上学期高一年级期中考试英语试卷(ap班) 后有答案
北京师大附中2013—2014学年上学期高一年级期中考试英语试卷(AP班)本试卷满分130分,考试时间为90分钟PART ⅠSection Ⅰ. V ocabulary:Choose the word that best completes the sentence: (30 points, 1 point each)1. She prefers ________________ colors; black and grey are her least favorite.A. affluentB. mechanicalC. brilliantD. competitive2. In his election campaign, the candidate stressed the ___________ of change, which won much support.A. urgencyB. spiralC. incidentD. deposit3. He _____________ his ex-girlfriend through the window as he walked past the shop.A. nestedB. glidedC. protestedD. glimpsed4. All of us were _____________ by the young woman's piano skills.A. adaptedB. amazedC. attractedD. admired5. Wool has a(n)_____________ to shrink when washed.A. assignmentB. tendencyC. distanceD. limitation6. Are students at your school ______________ to tweet during classes?A. disputedB. allowedC. behavedD. exposed7. My grandpa met a few of his friends at the senior _____________ on Nathan Road.A. centerB. marketC. stationD. hotel8. It may be possible to ______________ the damaged statue to its original condition.A. weighB. informC. portrayD. restore9. The chairman of the company's _______________ of directors has decided to retire.A. boardB. stationC. privacyD. treatment10. These dumbbells are great for _____________ at home.A. giving upB. handing downC. working outD. setting free11. This community event is sponsored each year by a local _________________.A. conscienceB. responsibilityC. bankD. objection12. That charitable ________________ has raised over a US$5 million for medical relief.A. signatureB. foundationC. nationalityD. advantage13. My uncle soon discovered that he ____________ an aptitude for business.A. settledB. lackedC. insistedD. warned14. The first novel by the young author ____________ a sensation in France.A. createdB. isolatedC. starvedD. adjusted15. Diamonds are among the most ________________ jewels in the world.A. athleticB. preciousC. devotedD. obedient16. My teacher shows no _______________ for students who cheat on exams.A. attendanceB. aptitudeC. pursuitD. sympathy17. Instead of ____________ every word you don't know, you should guess its meaning from the context.A. extending far beyondB. popping intoC. bridging the gap ofD. looking up18. Shoes of this color are ____________ not available. I'll put you on the waiting list.A. thoroughlyB. currentlyC. merelyD. remotely19. To ___________ his store's losses, the owner decided to put everything on sale.A. clutchB. requireC. recoupD. conduct20. The fire broke out in the ______________ mountain area and spread quickly.A. remoteB. indoorC. dominantD. critical21. As the firewood ________________ in the fire, Tim told me about his adventure.A. crackledB. besiegedC. modernizedD. sponsored22. A labor ___________________ has forced many companies to hire workers from other countries.A. sincerityB. sympathyC. sensationD. shortage23. All freshmen in college have to study Chinese and English; other language courses are ________________.A. emotionalB. flushC. optionalD. urgent24. I _______________ three high school students complaining about their heavy workload on the bus.A. modernizedB. boomedC. overheardD. sponsored25. The robber ______________ a woman's bag and ran away quickly.A. fazedB. grabbedC. soaredD. tweeted26. It took the climbers several more hours to reach the _____________ of the highest peak.A. journeyB. cushionC. summitD. parcel27. The ______________ of some of the tulips were pink, while others were yellow.A. petalsB. tribesC. skirtsD. navies28. To get the necessary information, we collected _____________ through surveys and interviews.A. smogB. dataC. povertyD. linen29. Total attendance during the three-day event was ____________ to be between 6,000 and 7,000 persons.A. illustratedB. succeededC. achievedD. estimated30. This appears to be the metal ______________ from an ancient spear.A. tipB. dialC. clueD. bullSection Ⅱ: Reading comprehension (50 points, 2 points each)AAs you move around your home, take a good look at the things you have. It is likely that your living room will have a television set and a video, and your kitchen a washing machine and a microwave oven. Your bedroom drawers will be filled with almost three times as many clothes as you need. You almost certainly own a car and possibly a home computer, holiday abroad at least once a year and eat out at least once a week.Now, perhaps, more than ever before, people are wondering what life is all about, and what it is for. Seeking material success is beginning to trouble large numbers of people around the world. They feel that the long-hours work culture to make more money to buy more things is eating up their lives, leaving them very little time or energy for family or pastimes. Many are turning to other ways of living and downshifting is one of them.Six percent of workers in Britain took the decision to downshift last year. One couple who downshifted is Daniel and Liz. They used to work in central London. He was a newspaper reporter and she used to work for an international bank. They would go to work by train every day from their large house in the suburbs, leaving their two children with a nanny (保姆). Most evenings Daniel wouldn't get home until eight or nine o'clock, and nearly twice a month he would have to fly to New York for meetings. They both earned a large amount of money but began to feel that life was passing them by.Nowadays, they run a farm in the mountains of Wales. "I always wanted to have a farm here," says Daniel; "and we took almost a year to make the decision to downshift. It's taken some getting used to, but it's been worth it. We have to think twice now about spending money on car repairs and we no longer have any holidays. However, I think it's made us stronger as a family, and the children are a lot happier."Liz, however, is not quite sure. "I used to enjoy my job, even though it was hard work and long hours. I'm not really a country girl, but I suppose I'm gradually getting used to looking after the animals. One thing I do like, though, is being able to see more of my children. My advice for other people wanting to do the same is not to think about it too much or you might not do it at all."31. What do the first two paragraphs tell us?A. People seldom work long hours to make money.B. People hardly buy more things than necessary.C. People are sure everything they own is in the fight place.D. People realize there is more to life than just making money.32. When Daniel was a reporter he _________________.A. lived in central LondonB. disliked his jobC. missed his childrenD. was well paid33. Daniel and Liz both agree that the move to the farm ________________.A. was easy to organizeB. has improved family lifeC. was extremely expensiveD. has been a total success34. What does the underlined "it" in the last paragraph refer to?A. Child-caring.B. Liz's advice.C. Downshifting.D. Liz's job.35. The underlined word "downshifting" in Paragraph 2 means ____________.A. repairing your car by yourselfB. spending money carefullyC. moving out to the countryside to live a simpler and better lifeD. living in a big house in the suburbs and dining out once a weekBElephants don't forget—at least, female elephants don't. Elephant families are matriarchal. And the social knowledge gained by the oldest females is the key to a family group's survival, according to a study published in April by Karen McComb, a biologist at Sussex University in England.Elephants announce their presence by making a deep, long sound, a practice referred to as contact calling. An unfamiliar call may mean that an elephant from outside the family group is nearby. A stranger can cause trouble, interrupting feeding or disturbing the young. So an elephant matriarch signals the family to gather around her; then they all lift their trunks in the air to smell the unfamiliar caller. False alarms can disturb the group and take time and energy away from feeding, so survival may depend in part on getting it right.Working with Cynthia Moss, who founded the Amboseli Elephant Research Project in Kenya 30 years ago, McComb tested the social knowledge of 21 Amboseli elephant families with matriarchs 27 to 67 years old. She played recordings of contact calls to each family and found that the oldest matriarchs were much better at picking out unfamiliar calls. In fact, a group with a matriarch in her fifties was several thousand times more likely to form into a group upon hearing an unfamiliar contact call than when hearing a familiar call. However, families with younger matriarchs were less than twice as likely to gather together upon hearing an unfamiliar contact call as compared with a familiar call. And they gathered together a lot. Moreover, the social knowledge of older matriarchs translated into favorable results: Families with older matriarchs produced more baby elephants in each female-reproductive year.This finding shows how difficult it is to protect the oldest members of elephant families. As elephants age, they continue to grow larger, as do their much wanted tusks. So the older—and wiser—a matriarch is, the greater the chance she will be killed. About 800 000 elephants have been killed by people in the past 20 years.36. What does the underlined word "matriarch" mean?A. An old member of an elephant family.B. A female head of an elephant family.C. A wise elephant.D. A large elephant.37. The research with recordings of contact calls shows _________________.A. how fast elephants form into groupsB. how important the age of a leading elephant isC. how frightened elephants are when hearing a strange callD. how frequently old elephants call other members of the family38. The older a female elephant is, _______________________.A. the stronger she will beB. the poorer memory she will haveC. the more useless her tusks will beD. the more likely she will be killed39. We can infer from the passage that elephants may _______________.A. run into other elephant familiesB. give wrong warnings to their mothersC. run away upon hearing a strange soundD. produce more babies by gathering together more oftenCSo much sentimentality is attached to the rose in popular culture that it is difficult to separate the original mythological and folkloric beliefs from the emotional excess that surrounds the flower. Yet if we look into the beliefs, we find that the rose is much more than the mere symbol of romantic love invoked by every minor poet and painter.One of the rose's most common associations in folklore is with death. The Romans often decked the tombs of the dead with roses; in fact, Roman wills frequently specified that roses were to be planted on the grave. To this day, in Switzerland, cemeteries are known as rose gardens. The Saxons equated the rose with life, and they believed that when a child died, the figure of death could be seen plucking a rose outside the house.The rose has a long association with female beauty. Shakespeare mentions the rose more frequently than any other flower, often using it as a token of all that is lovely and good. For the Arabs, on the other hand, the rose was a symbol not of feminine but of masculine beauty.Later the rose became a sign of secrecy and silence. The expression sub rosa, "under the rose," is traced to a Roman belief. During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, it was common practice to carve or paint roses on the ceilings of council chambers to emphasize the intention of secrecy.40. The underlined word sentimentality in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to __________.A. confusionB. beautyC. feelingD. popularity41. The underlined word decked in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to __________.A. paintedB. separatedC. decoratedD. disguised42. The underlined word token in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to __________.A. symbolB. proofC. justificationD. contradiction43. The underlined phrase sub rosa in paragraph 4 means __________.A. romanticallyB. intentionallyC. secretlyD. commonlyDThe role of government in the economyBecause most people do not volunteer to pay taxes or police their own financial affairs, governments cannot influence economic activity simply by asking people to pollute less, to give money to the poor, or to be innovative. To accomplish these things, governments have to pass laws. Since the early twenties century, governments of countries with advanced industrial or service economies have been playing an increasing role in economics. This can be seen in the growth of government taxation and spending, in the growing share of national income devoted to income-support payments, and by the enormous increase in the control of economic activity.The large-scale organization of business, as seen in mass production and distribution, has led to the formation of large-scale organizations - corporations, labor unions, and government structures - that have grown in importance in the past several decades. Their presence and growing dominance have shifted capitalist economies away from traditional market forces and toward government administration of markets.In the United States, government provides a framework of laws for the conduct of economic activity that attempt to make it serve the public interest. For instance, the individual states and the federal government have passed laws to shield investors against fraud. These laws specify what information has to be disclosed to prospective investors when shares of stocks or bonds are offered for sale. Another important area of law concerns the labor force, such as regulation of work hours, minimum wages, health and safety conditions, child labor, and the rights of workers to form unions, to strike, to demonstrate peacefully, and to bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing.In other nations, the ways in which governments intervene in their economies has varied; however, governments everywhere deal with essentially the same issues and participate in economic activity. Even governments that are reluctant to regulate commerce directly have undertaken large-scale projects such as hydroelectric and nuclear energy developments, transportation networks, or expansion of health, education, and other public services.44. According to the passage, why do governments intervene(干涉)in economic activity?A. People do not willingly regulate their own business affairs.B. Governments understand the economy better than anyone else does.C. Business pay governments to participate in economic activity.D. The economy would fail without the help of government.45. The underlined word This in paragraph 1 refers to __________.A. economic activityB. asking people to pollute lessC. the early twentieth centuryD. increasing role in economics46. According to the passage, how has the growth of large-scale organizations such as corporations and labor unions affected capitalist economies?A. It has forced governments to pass laws protecting traditional markets.B. It has destroyed capitalism and replaced it with government ownership.C. It has led to the increasing role of government in economic activity.D. It has caused unfair competition between large and small businesses.47. The author mentions laws to shield investors against fraud in paragraph 3 as an example of _______________________.A. laws that organize businessB. laws that serve the public interestC. laws that protect the labor forceD. laws that set the price of stocks48. The underlined word their in paragraph 3 refers toA. individual statesB. lawsC. workersD. unions49. What point does the author make about governments that do not want to regulate business directly?A. They cannot compete effectively with government-controlled economies.B. They have capitalist economies based on traditional market forces.C. They have no laws for protecting the environment and public health.D. They participate in the economy through public projects and services.ERoad Building and the AutomobileCar registrations in the United States rose from one million in 1913 to ten million in 1923. By 1927, Americans were driving some twenty-six million automobiles, one car for every five people in the country. Automobile scales in the state of Michigan outnumbered those in Great Britain and Ireland combined. For the first time in history, more people lived in cities than on farms, and they were migrating to the city by automobile.The automobile was every American's idea of freedom, and the construction of hard surface roads was one of the largest items of government expenditure, often at great cost to every-thing else. The growth of roads and the automobile industry made cars the lifeblood of the petroleum industry and a major consumer of steel. The automobile caused expansions in outdoor recreation,tourism and related industries - service stations, roadside restaurants, and motels. After 1945, the automobile industry reached new heights, and new roads led out of the city to the suburbs, where two-car families transported children to new schools and shopping malls.C 1-1348. (1)What's the main topic of the lecture?A. The reading assignmentB. The course requirements for good marksC. The course paper for the end of the semesterD. Questions about specific topic for the course paper49. (2)How can students receive a good grade?A. Students must submit as many written papers as possibleB. The oral presentation must cover various subjectsC. Students have to try hard to achieve the four major requirementsD. Students need to write a course paper about the broad topics discussed in classA 1-2350. (2)Why does the man talk with the woman?A. To go to the party with the womanB. Because making jack-o'-lantern is funC. To talk about Halloween costumesD. To borrow the woman's costumes from last yearA 1-2651. (1)Why does Cindy ask John about the cafeteria?A. She is curious to see itB. She was looking for a place to eatC. She wants to know the location for JennyD. John is not having lunch today52. (2)Why doesn't Cindy want the food at the cafeteria?A. The cafeteria is not cleanB. She is sick from food poisoningC. John got sick from eating at the cafeteriaD. She has a bad memory about the foodB 1-2753. (1)Why do the students discuss cloning?A. Because it is a very surprising subjectB. Because the students do not know about itC. Because a student has trouble finding the right topic for sociology classD. Because they admire scientists54. (2)Which reason does Jason say that cloning is bad?A. It helps sick peopleB. It enables vital body parts to growC. People are too religiousD. It ruins the spirit of GodC 1-2855. (1)What is the main purpose of the lecture?A. To illustrate how Roman doctors were in the first centuryB. To show how great, the roman emperor wasC. To explain why the roman army was so strongD. To compare roman doctors with modern doctors56. (2)Why did roman doctors attend the army's medical school according to the lecture?A. The civil war was importantB. They were keys to the armyC. They had fairly low statusD. The roman army did not have doctorsA 1-3057. (1)What is the main purpose of this conversation?A. The man shows how he is well-prepared for the testB. The man believes the woman does not understand his problemC. The man wants to know if the teacher can review his outline before the testD. The teacher is very busy with the students58. (2)Why does the woman think everything will work out just fine?A. The man looks concernedB. The teacher will look at the man's outlines before the examC. The teacher has many students to helpD. The man already has outlines for examC 1-3259. (1)What is the lecture trying to show the students?A. War is necessary in human historyB. Nations always solve their disagreements peacefullyC. Negotiations are always difficultD. War happens because of human nature60. (2)According to the lecture, what is not a reason for one nation to argue with another nation?A. Human rightsB. Hunting and gatheringC. Injustices in the pastD. BordersA 2-0361. (1)What is the procedure when a library card is lost?A. Just make a new cardB. Cancel the previous one, and never issue it againC. Cancel the lost card and make a new oneD. Just tell the librarian that the card is lostA 2-0762. (1)What subject is the woman concerned about?A. EconomicsB. Political scienceC. U.S. politicsD. The U.S. constitution63. (2)What does the main suggest that the woman do to do well in political science?A. Concentrate on vocabulary, laws, and eventsB. Focus on the vocabulary and laws onlyC. Concentrate on the vocabulary and events onlyD. Focus on the terms, lawyers, and eventsB 2-0864. (1)Why doesn't Cindy take Spanish class next semester?A. Because Mr. Rodriguez is not teaching next semesterB. Because Mr. Rodriguez is not teaching anymoreC. Because Mr. Rodriguez is teaching French next semesterD. Because Mr. Rodriguez is teaching English next semester65. (2)Why is Annie convincing Cindy to continue to take Spanish class next semester?A. Because Cindy might forget SpanishB. Because Cindy might not be able to take Spanish anymoreC. Because Annie wants to take a foreign language with CindyD. Because Cindy might forget FrenchD 2-1066. (1)What role did Pocahontas play between the British colony and the native Americans?A. Pocahontas was a spy for the British colonistsB. Pocahontas was an agent for the British colonists and the SpanishC. Pocahontas was a spy for the SpanishD. Pocahontas was a mediator between the British colony and the Spanish67. (2)What did the marriage between Pocahontas and John Rolfe do to the war between the British colony and the native Americans?A. The marriage started a warB. The marriage brought freedomC. The marriage brought hatredD. The marriage ended the warA 2-1168. (1)Why does the student like Ms. Mckenna so much?A. Ms. Mckenna spoke softly, explained carefully, and answered all the questions seriouslyB. Ms. Mckenna gave good grades to studentsC. The student knows Ms. Mckenna personallyD. Ms. Mckenna spoke loudly but explained thoroughly69. (2)What did the student realize at the end of the conversation?A. Miss Davis made the student realize that nothing is important but mathB. The student realized that she can do things if she tries hardC. Miss Davis made the student realize that Ms. Mckenna is a good teacherD. Miss Davis made the student realize that nothing is possibleAnswer Sheet for PART ⅡⅠ. Choose the word from the box that best completes the sentence and write down your answers on the answer sheet:(20 points, 1 point each)1. ____________________ 11. ____________________2. ____________________ 12. ____________________3. ____________________ 13. ____________________4. ____________________ 14. ____________________5. ____________________ 15. ____________________6. ____________________ 16. ____________________7. ____________________ 17. ____________________8. ____________________ 18. ____________________9. ____________________ 19. ____________________10. ___________________ 20. ____________________Ⅱ. Matching:(10 points, 0.5 point each)Choose the definition for each English word and write your answers on the answer sheet.1-5: ____,____,____,____,____,6-10: ____,____,____,____,____,11-15: ____,____,____,____,____,16-20: ____,____,____,____,____.Ⅲ. Translate the following sentences into English:(10 points, 2 points each)1. ___________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________2. ___________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________3. ___________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________4. ___________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________5. ___________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________Ⅳ. Translate the following words into Chinese:(10 points, 1 point each)1. __________________ 6. __________________2. __________________ 7. __________________3. __________________ 8. __________________4. __________________ 9. __________________5. __________________ 10. _________________【试题答案】PART ⅠSection Ⅰ. V ocabulary:Choose the word that best completes the sentence: (30 points, 1 point each)1-10 CADBB BADAC11-20 CBBAB DDBCA21-30 ADCCB CABDASection Ⅱ: Reading comprehension (50 points, 2 points each)Passage A: 31-35 DDBCCPassage B: 36-39 BBDAPassage C: 40-43 CCACPassage D: 44-49 ADCBCDPassage E: 50-55 DBACBAPART ⅡⅠ. Choose the word from the box that best completes the sentence and write down your answers on the answer sheet: (20 points, 1 point each)1. harmony 11. lounge2. advocate 12. mature3. howling 13. modest4. compensates 14. negotiating5. innocent 15. obtain6. instruction 16. optimistic7. diverse 17. poisonous8. lame 18. primitive9. liberation 19. relevant10. ambiguous 20. permanentⅡ. Matching: (10 points, 0.5 point each)Choose the definition for each English word and write your answers on the answer sheet.1-5: fable 6-10: night 11-15: crops 16-20: dmjkwⅢ. Translate the following sentences into English: (10 points, 2 points each)1. When you learn a foreign language, it is important to make good use of dictionaries.2. Neither cash nor a credit card is useful on a deserted island.3. Sometimes children are confused about whether all the information on television is true ornot.4. For example, spoiled children are very likely to become self-centered adults.5. It is said that games teach cooperation, which is one of the most important factors of success, and they also teach how to overcome challenges.Ⅳ. Translate the following words into Chinese: (10 points, 1 point each)1. hookn. 钩,镰刀,钩状v. 挂……于钩上,引上钩,钩住;弯成钩状,钩紧2. deliberately adv. 慎重地;故意地,蓄意地;谨慎地;从容不迫地,不慌不忙地3. inspirev. 使感动,启示,激发;吸入;赋予灵感4. 显微镜5. occupationn. 职业,占有期间,占有6. pedestriann. 行人,步行者adj. 徒步的,通俗的,呆板的7. adequateadj. 足够的,能满足需要的;胜任的;适当的;差强人意的,尚可的8. postponev. 推迟,延迟,使延期9. prejudicen. 偏见,伤害,成见v. 使存偏见,伤害,使有成见10. regulationn. 规章;条例;规则,规定;管理。
北京师大附中2013-2014学年上学期高一年级期中考试数学试卷(ap班) 后有答案
北京师大附中2013—2014学年上学期高一年级期中考试数学试卷(AP 班)本试卷满分100分,考试时间为120分钟。
第Ⅰ部分(70分)一、选择题:本大题有9小题,每小题3分,共27分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1. 下列关系中正确的是( ) A. 0∈∅B. π∈QC. ∅∈{∅}D.2R ∈2. 已知2()f x x m =+,()(())g x f f x =,则()g x 等于( )A. 22()x m +B. 4x m + C. 22()x m m ++D. 42x m +3. 下列函数中,与函数||y x =表示同一个函数的是( )A. 33y x =B. 2y x =C. 2()y x =D. 2||x y x =4. 下列函数中为奇函数的是( )A. 3()1f x x =+ B. 34()f x x = C. 25()f x x =D. 3()f x x x =+5. 已知f (x )是区间(,)-∞+∞上的偶函数并且在区间(0,)+∞上是减函数,则下列关系中正确的是( )A. (3)(1)f f <-B. (3)(1)f f >-C. (3)(1)f f =-D. 二者无法比较6. 已知函数y=mx+4的图象中有一部分位于第四象限,则关于m 的取值下列说法中正确的是( )A. m=0B. m<0C. 0<m<1D. m>07. 函数3()41f x x x =-+在下列哪个区间中一定具有零点?( )A. (2,1)--B. (1,0)-C. (1,2)D. (2,3)8. 已知12x -<<,则下列不等式中正确的是( )A. 0||1x ≤<B. 1||2x <<C. 0||2x ≤<D. ||1x >9. 下列关系中正确的是( )A. 0.80.733<B. 0.10.10.750.75-<C. 0.10.1log 0.5log 0.6<D. 0.50.51.10.9--<二、填空题:本大题有6小题,每小题4分,共24分。
北京师大附中2013-2014学年下学期高二年级期中考试化学试卷__后有答案
北京师大附中2013-2014学年下学期高二年级期中考试化学试卷试卷说明:本试卷满分100分,考试时间为100分钟。
可能用到的相对原子质量:H-l C-12 O-16 Cl-35.5 Br-80一、选择题(每小题只有1个选项符合题意。
每题2分,总分40分)1.下列各组物质中,属于同系物的是A .软脂酸和硬脂酸B .乙苯和间二甲苯C .葡萄糖和蔗糖D .丁烷和环丁烷2.下列烷烃进行一氯取代后,只能生成两种沸点不同的产物的是3.下列各组有机物的化学式,均只能表示一种物质的是A . C 6H 12O 6和C 12H 22O 11B .C 6H 6和C 8H 10C .CH 2O 和C 2H 4O 2D . C 3H 8和CH 2O 2 4.有机物分子中原子间(或原子与原子团间)的相互影响会导致物质化学性质的不同。
下列事实..不能说明上述观点的是 A .苯酚能跟NaOH 溶液反应,乙醇不能与NaOH 溶液反应B .一溴乙烷能发生消去反应反应,一溴甲烷不能发生消去反应C .甲烷不能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色,甲苯能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色D .苯与浓硝酸和浓硫酸混合加热时发生取代反应,甲苯与浓硝酸和浓硫酸混合在常温下就能发生取代反应5.下列反应属于消去反应的是A .HOCH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2OH ∆−−−→浓硫酸+H 2OB .—NO 2+3Fe+6HCl →—NH 2+3FeCl 2+2H 2OC .—OH −−−−→一定条件D .HOCH 2CH 2CH 2OH 25P O Δ−−−→H 2C=CH —CH 2OH+H 2O 6.下列说法中,不正确的是A.油脂都不能使溴水褪色B.用水就可以区分甘油、苯和溴乙烷C.将含有杂质的工业乙醇蒸馏,不能得到无水乙醇D.检验用电石制备的气体,应先通入CuSO4溶液,再通入酸性KMnO4溶液7.4.6g某化合物在氧气中完全燃烧,只生成8.8g CO2和5.4g H2O。
北京师大附中2012-2013学年下学期高一年级期末考试化学试卷 后有答案
北京师大附中2012-2013学年下学期高一年级期末考试化学试卷相对原子质量:H -1 C -12 O -16 Na -23 S -32 C1-35.5 Fe -56 Ba -137 Pb -207本试卷共分为两个部分,第一部分为必修二的模块考试,共100分。
第二部分为校本课程考试,共50分。
两部分考试时间共100分钟。
第一部分 必修2模块考试Ⅰ卷(共60分)下列每小题只有一个选项符合题意。
1. 垃圾分类有利于资源回收利用。
下列垃圾归类不合理...的是A B C D 垃圾分类废易拉罐不可再生废纸废电池废塑料瓶2. 许多城市都限制燃放烟花爆竹,除噪声污染外,爆竹燃放时会产生一种无色有刺激性气味、有毒的气体,这种气体是A. N 2B. SO 2C. CO 2D. Cl 23. 某核电站的泄漏物质中含有碘I)(13113154-。
I 13154核内的中子数是A. 54B. 77C. 131D. 18 4. 下列粒子的结构示意图中,表示铝离子的是5. 下列电子式中,书写正确的是 A. 氨B. 氯化氢C. 氮气D. 氯化镁6. 下列物质中,只含共价键的是A. NaOHB. NH4ClC. Na2OD. CH47. 下列物质中,既含有离子键又含有极性键的是A. NaOHB. NaClC. Na2O2D. H28. 下列氢化物中,最稳定的是A. HClB. HIC. NH3D. HF9. 某元素X的气态氢化物的化学式为H2X,则X的最高氧化物的水化物的化学式为A. H2XO3B. HXO3C. H3XO4D. H2XO410. 下列递变关系正确的是A. F、Cl、Br、I非金属性逐渐减弱B. Si、P、S、Cl原子半径逐渐增大C. Li、Na、K、Rb金属性逐渐减弱D. NaOH、Mg(OH)2、Al(OH)2碱性逐渐增11. 下列说法正确的是A. 铍的原子失电子能力比镁强B. Cu2+得电子能力比Fe2+弱C. 硫酸的酸性比磷酸弱D. Cl-失电予能力比I-弱12. X、Y为短周期元素,X与Y可形成化合物XY,下列说法正确的是A. X的原子半径一定大于Y的原子半径B. XY一定是离子化合物C. XY的水溶液一定呈中性D. X与Y的简单离子可能具有相同的电子层结构13. 下列说法中,错误的是A. 人体运动所消耗的能量与化学反应无关B. 我国目前最主要的能源是煤炭C. 煤、石油、天然气是当今世界最重要的三种化石燃料D. 人类目前所直接利用的能量大部分是由化学反应产生的14. 下列说法中,正确的是A. 反应物的总能量大于生成物的总能量的化学反应是放热反应B. 化学键的断裂和形成与化学变化中的能量变化无关C. 需要加热才能发生的反应一定是吸热反应D. 化学反应不一定有能量变化15. 下列反应中,属于吸热反应的是A. 镁条燃烧B. 铝与盐酸反应C. 酸碱中和反应D. Ba(OH)2·8H2O晶体与NH4Cl晶体反应16. 下列变化过程需要吸收热量的是A. 甲烷燃烧B. 铝热反应C. H2O(液)H2O(气)D. 能量变化如下图所示的化学反应17. 下列反应中,既属于氧化还原反应又属于吸热反应的是A. 氢氧化钾与硫酸的反应B. 电解熔融氯化钠C. 铝热反应D. Ba(OH)2·8H2O晶体与NH4Cl固体的反应18. 如图所示,在用锌片、铜片和稀硫酸组成的原电池装置中,下列说法正确的是A. 铜片上的反应为:Cu-2e-==Cu2+B. 锌片上的反应为:2H++2e-=H2↑C. 锌片是负极,铜片是正极D. 反应一段时间后,溶液的pH变小19. 一个电池反应的离子方程式是Zn+Cu2+=Zn2++Cu,与之对应的原电池组合是A B C D正极Zn Cu Cu Fe负极Cu Zn Zn Zn电解质溶液CuCl2H2SO4CuSO4HCl20. 以KOH溶液为电解质溶液的氢氧燃料电池的电极反应式如下:(1)2H2+4OH--4e-==4H2O (2)O2+2H2O+4e-=4OH-下列说法错误的是A. 供电时的总反应为:2H2+O2==2H2OB. (2)式为正极的电极反应式C. 产物为无污染的水,属于环境友好电池D. 燃料电池的能量转化率可达100%21. 下列说法不正确...的是A. 与等浓度盐酸的反应,等质量的铁粉比铁钉生成氢气的速率快B. 与等浓度盐酸的反应,等质量的纯铁皮比生铁皮生成氢气的速率快C. 两根相同的铁钉,与浓盐酸比与稀盐酸反应生成氢气的速率快D. 常温下,铁钉与稀硫酸的反应比与浓硫酸的反应速率快22. 下列金属的冶炼中,通常是通过在高温下加入还原剂来完成的是A. NaB. AlC. FeD. Ag23. 小华家中有如下生活用品:碘酒、食盐、食醋、84消毒液(内含NaClO),小华利用上述用品不能完成的任务是A. 检验买来的奶粉中是否加有淀粉B. 检验自来水中是否含有C1-C. 除去保温瓶中的水垢D. 洗去白色衣服上的番茄汁24. 元素周期表和元素周期律可以指导人们进行规律性的推测和判断。
北京师大附中2013-2014学年上学期高一年级期中考试化学试卷 后有答案
北京师大附中2013-2014学年上学期高一年级期中考试化学试卷(考试时间100分钟)可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 O-16 S-32 Cl-35.5 Na-23 Mg-24 Al-27 Cu-64 Zn-65 Ba-137第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共58分)一、选择题(本题包括20小题。
每小题只有1个选项符合题意)1. 下列物质中,属于非电解质的是A. 石墨B. H2SO4C. C2H5OH D. NaCl2. 钠与水反应的现象和钠的下列性质无关的是A. 钠的熔点较低B. 钠的密度小于水C. 钠的硬度较小D. 钠的还原性强3. 下列物质的分类不正确的是A. 水、过氧化氢和干冰都属于氧化物B. H2SO4、HNO3、H2CO3都属于酸C. KNO3、CuSO4和NaAlO2都属于盐 D. 烧碱、纯碱、熟石灰都属于碱4. 如果你家里的食用花生油混有水份,你将采用下列何种方法分离A. 分液B. 蒸馏C. 过滤D. 萃取5. “纳米材料”是粒子直径为1~100nm的材料,纳米碳就是其中的一种。
某研究所将纳米碳均匀的分散到蒸馏水中,得到的物质①是溶液②是胶体③具有丁达尔现象④能透过滤纸⑤静止后会出现黑色沉淀。
其中正确的是A. ①④B. ②③⑤C. ②③④D. ①③④6. 下列说法正确的是A. 钠在溶液中可置换出铁B. 铁在溶液中可置换出铜C. Fe不与H2O反应 D. Fe比Al活泼7. 对于硫酸根(SO-24)的说法①硫酸根的摩尔质量为96 g;②1摩尔的硫酸根含有5摩尔原子;③1摩尔的硫酸根带有2摩的负电荷;④硫元素的化合价是+4价;⑤1摩尔的硫酸根共含有50摩的电子;⑥硫元素与氧元素的质量比1:2,其中正确的是A. ①②③④⑤⑥B. ②③④⑤C. ②③⑤⑥D. ③④⑤⑥8. 下列转化中,需要加入适当的氧化剂才能实现的是 A. PCl 3→PCl 5 B. MnO -4→Mn+2C. SO 3→SO -24D. CO 2→H 2CO 39. 下列各组中两种物质在溶液中的反应,可用同一离子方程式表示的是A. Cu (OH )2+HCl ;CuO +HClB. K 2CO 3+H 2SO 4;Na 2CO 3+HClC. K 2CO 3+HCl ; KHCO 3+HClD. BaCl 2+H 2SO 4; Ba (OH ) 2+H 2SO 4 10. 在强酸性无色溶液中,下列离子组能大量共存的是 A. Na +、K +、OH -、Cr -B. Na +、Cu +2、SO -24、NO -3C. Mg+2、Na +、SO -24、Cl - D. Ba+2、K +、NO -3、HCO -311. 设N A 为阿伏加德罗常数的值。
北京师大附中2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期中考试数学试卷(AP班) 后有答案
北京师大附中2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期中考试数学试卷(AP 班)说明:1.本试卷满分100分,考试时间为120分钟。
2.不能使用计算器。
一、选择题:本大题有10小题,每小题3分,共30分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.设平面向量a=(-l ,0),b=(0,2),则2a -3b=( )A.(6,3)B.(-2,-6)C.(2,1)D.(7,2) 2.与向量a=(-5,4)垂直的向量是( ) A. (-5k ,4k ) B. (-10,2) C. 45,k k ⎛⎫-- ⎪⎝⎭D. (4k ,-5k ) 3.若a>b>0,则下列不等关系中不一定成立的是( )A. a c b c +>+B.> C. 22a b > D. ac bc >4.数列1,0,1,0,1,0,…的一个通项公式是( )A. 11(1)2n n a +--=B. 11(1)2n n a ++-=C. 1(1)2n n a --= D. 1(1)2nn a ---=5.已知向量a 、b ,a ·b=-40,|a|=10,|b|=8,则向量a 与b 的夹角为( ) A .60° B .-60° C .120° D .-120° 6.直线ax+2y+l=0与直线x+y -2=0互相垂直,那么a 的值等于( ) A. 1 B. 13-C. 23- D. -2 7.在等差数列{a n }中,a 1 =1,d=3,a n =298,则n=( ) A .99 B .100 C .96 D .1018.方程222-4-60x y x y ++=表示的图形是( )A .以(1,- 2为半径的圆B .以(1,-2)为圆心,11为半径的圆C .以(-l ,2)为圆心,11为半径的圆D .以(-1,2为半径的圆9.点(-1,2)到直线21y x =-的距离是( )A.52B. C.32 D. 10.给出下列六个命题:①两个向量相等,则它们的起点相同,终点相同: ②若a b =,则a b =;③若AB DC =,则四边形ABCD 是平行四边形; ④平行四边形ABCD 中,一定有AB DC =;⑤若m n =,n k =,则m k =;⑥若//a b ,//b c ,则//a c 。
北京师大附中2013-2014学年上学期高一年级期末考试化学试卷 后有答案
北京师大附中2013-2014学年上学期高一年级期末考试化学试卷1. 本试卷共分为两个部分,第一部分为必修一的模块考试,共100分。
第二部分为校本课程考试,共50分。
2. 两部分考试时间共100分钟。
相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Na-23 Mg-24 Al-27 S-32 Cl-35.5 Fe-56 Ba-137第一部分Ⅰ卷(共50分)每小题只有一个....选项符合题意(1~25小题,每小题2分)1. 下列气体中,不会..造成空气污染的是A. N2B. SO2C. NOD. Cl22. 下列物质中,不属于...合金的是A. 碳素钢B. 水银C. 黄铜D. 硬铝3. 下列物质中,属于电解质的是A. 酒精B. 铜C. 氯化钠D. 盐酸4. 下列常用实验仪器中,不能..直接用于混合物的分离或提纯的是A. 分液漏斗B. 普通漏斗C. 蒸馏烧瓶D. 容量瓶5. 下列说法正确的是A. 纯碱、烧碱均属于碱B. CuSO4·5H2O属于纯净物C. 凡能电离出H+的化合物均属于酸D. 盐类物质一定含有金属阳离子6. 当光束通过下列分散系时,能观察到丁达尔效应的是A. 蔗糖溶液B. 盐酸C. 氯化钠溶液D. 氢氧化铁胶体7. 下列气体中,摩尔质量最大的是A. H2B. O2C. COD. NH38. 下列反应类型中,一定不属于...氧化还原反应的是A. 化合反应B. 置换反应C. 分解反应D. 复分解反应9. 下列变化中,需加入适当的氧化剂才能完成的是A. Fe→FeCl2B. CuO→CuC. SO3→H2SO4D. HNO3→NO10. 下列关于浓硫酸的叙述正确的是A. 浓硫酸具有吸水性,因而能使蔗糖碳化B. 浓硫酸在常温下可迅速与铜片反应放出二氧化硫气体C. 浓硫酸是一种干燥剂,能够干燥氨气、氢气等气体D. 浓硫酸在常温下能够使铁、铝等金属钝化11. 下列物质中,常温下既能跟盐酸反应,又能跟氢氧化钠溶液反应的是 A. MgB. AlC. SiD. Cl 212. 氧化还原反应的实质是A. 电子的转移(得失或偏移)B. 元素化合价变化C. 氧元素参加反应D. 原子重新组合13. 下列有关物质用途的说法中,不正确...的是 A. 明矾可用作净水剂B. 氧化钠可作潜水艇中的供氧剂C. 氢氟酸可用来刻蚀玻璃D. 漂白粉可用作游泳池的消毒剂14. 取一小块金属钠放在滴有酚酞的水中,下列实验现象正确的是①钠浮在水面迅速反应 ②钠沉在水底迅速反应 ③钠熔成小球并快速游动 ④反应后的溶液变为红色 ⑤反应中可以听到嘶嘶的响声A. ①④⑤B. ②③⑤C. ②③④⑤D. ①③④⑤15. 下列有关物质分离方法的叙述中,不正确...的是 A. 用过滤的方法分离溶液和胶体 B. 用蒸馏的方法将自来水制成蒸馏水 C. 用四氯化碳萃取碘水中的碘 D. 用加热的方法分离氯化钠和氯化铵固体 16. 欲除去Fe 2O 3中混有的少量Al 2O 3,可选用的试剂是 A. 水B. 稀硝酸C. 稀硫酸D. 氢氧化钠溶液17. 下列各组离子在溶液中能大量共存的是 A. 2Ca+、Na +、23CO -、3NO - B. Na +、Cl -、3HCO -、OH -C. Na +、3Al +、Cl -、24SO -D. H +、2Fe +、3NO -、24SO -18. 下列有关硅及其化合物用途的说法中,不正确...的是 A. 硅单质是制造玻璃的主要原料 B. 硅酸凝胶经处理后可作干燥剂 C. 硅酸钠是制木材防火剂的原料 D. 二氧化硅是制造光导纤维的材料 19. 下列有关氢氧化亚铁及其制备方法的叙述中,不正确...的是A. 所得氢氧化亚铁易被空气氧化B. 氢氧化亚铁为灰绿色絮状沉淀C. 可利用下图所示装置,制备氢氧化亚铁D. 实验制备中,氢氧化钠溶液应预先煮沸 20. 下列离子方程式书写正确的是A. 钠与水反应 22Na H O Na OH H +-+=++↑B. 铜与稀硝酸反应 2322C u N O 4H C u 2N O 2H O -++++=+↑+ C. 实验室制备氢氧化铝 33234A l 3N H H O A l (O H )3N H+++⋅=↓+ D. 除去氯化亚铁溶液中的氯化铁 32FeFe 2Fe +++=21. 在试管中注入某红色溶液,加热,溶液颜色逐渐变浅,则原溶液可能是 ①滴有石蕊的H 2SO 4溶液 ②滴有酚酞的氨水 ③溶有SO 2的品红溶液 A. ①②B. ②③C. ①③D. 只有②22. 归纳与推理是化学学习常用的方法。
北京师大附中2012-2013学年下学期高一年级期末考试化学试卷(AP班) 后有答案
北京师大附中2012-2013学年下学期高一年级期末考试化学试卷(AP 班)试卷说明:本试卷满分100分,考试时间为90分钟。
可能用到的相对原子质量:H —1,C —12,N —14,O —16,Na —23,Mg —24,Al —27,Cl —35.5第一部分 选择题(共50分)1. 环境污染已成为人类社会面临的重大威胁,下列污染现象中主要与排放SO 2有关的是 A. 臭氧空洞B. 白色污染C. 温室效应D. 酸雨2. 下列各组物质中,互为同素异形体.....的是 A. H 11和H 21 B. O 2和O 3 C. CO 和CO 2 D. H 2O 和H 2O 23. 下列各组物质中,属于同系物...的是 A. 白磷和红磷 B. 乙烷和丁烷 C. 乙烯和丁烷 D.O 168和O 1884. Se 是人体必需的微量元素,它的一种同位素Se 8024的中子数是 A. 34B. 46C. 80D. 1145. 下列物质中,属于电解质的是 A. CH 4B. AlC. 蔗糖D. H 2SO 46. 当光束通过下列分散系时,不可能...观察到丁达尔效应的是 A. 豆浆B. CuSO 4溶液C. 3Fe(OH)胶体D. H 2SiO 3胶体7. 下列材料中,不.属于通常所说的三大合成材料的是 A. 塑料B. 合金C. 合成纤维D. 合成橡胶8. 下列物质中,不.能发生水解反应的是 A. 油脂B. 淀粉C. 葡萄糖D. 蛋白质9. 常温下,可以用铝制容器盛装的是 A. 浓盐酸B. 稀硝酸C. 浓硝酸D. 氢氧化钠溶液10. 下列反应中,不.属于氧化还原反应的是 A. ↑+−−→−22M nO22O O H 2O 2H 2B. ↑+↑∆HCl NH Cl NH 34C. 3232O Al Fe 2O Fe 2Al +−−→−+高温D. O H 2SO CuSO )(SO 2H Cu 22442+↑+∆+浓 11. 下列化合物中,只存在共价键的是A. NaClB. HClC. NaOHD. Na2CO312. 下列关于2mol氧气的叙述中,正确的是A. 质量是32gB. 体积是44.8LC. 分子数为2N A个D. 电子数是3213. 下列金属中,只能采用电解法冶炼的是A. HgB. FeC. NaD. Ag14. 目前人类已经发现几千万种物质,对物质进行分类,有利于我们的学习。
北京师大附中2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期中考试政治试卷(AP班)
北京师大附中2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期中考试政治试卷(AP班)本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分,满分为100分,考试时间为60分钟。
第I卷(共70分)一、选择题(本大题共35小题,每小题2分,共计70分。
在每小题的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题意的)1.下列国家中,实行单一制的是A.美国B.加拿大C.法国D.德国2.民主,是在统治阶级范围内,按照_______原则和____________原则来共同管理国家事务的国家制度。
A.科学平等B.科学少数服从多数C.平等交换D.平等少数服从多数3.美国前总统乔治·沃克·布什说:“人类千万年来的历史,最为珍贵的不是令人炫目的科技,不是浩瀚的大师们的经典著作,不是政客们天花乱坠的演讲,而是实现了对统治者的驯服,实现了用民主的方式把他们关在笼子里的梦想。
因为只有驯服了他们,把他们关起来,才不会害人。
我现在就是站在笼子里向你们讲话。
”这段话启示我们,推进社会主义民主政治建设应该①重视培养公民的民主法治观念②使全体公民都享有选举权和被选举权③依靠民主法制实现对政府权力的制约④健全对政府权力的制约和监督机制A.①③④B.①②③C.①②④D.②③④4.2012年是美国的大选之年。
在美国的政治传统和现行体制下,民主党与共和党之间的关系在一定意义上是“零和关系”,一方的政治前途寓于另一方的失败之中。
可见美国A.两党在政策主张上没有任何区别B.两党的竞选是有钱人的权力游戏C.两党之间是执政党与在野党的关系D.两党在阶级基础方面没有本质区别5.美国众议院的议员按照__________原则,由选民_____________选举产生。
A.各州人口比例直接选举B.每个州选两人直接选举C.各州人口比例间接选举D.每个州选两人间接选举6.美国的两大政党分别是民主党和共和党,美国的两党制最大的特点是A.组织结构松散B.民主原则C.两党严格对立D.以上说法都对7.鉴于__________在美国政治生活中特殊的地位和作用,一些学者把它称之为“国会的第三院”、“美国的第四种势力”。
北京师大附中2014-2015学年下学期高一年级期末考试化学试卷 后有答案
北京师大附中2014-2015学年下学期高一年级期末考试化学试卷后有答案相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 O-16 Na-23 S-32 Cl-35.5 Fe-56 Ba-137第一部分选修——模块考试一、选择题(每小题只有一个选项符合题意,共10小题,每小题2分。
)1. 光导纤维的主要成分是SiO D. 沙子A. 纯硅B. 玻璃C. 纯22. 下列材料中,不属于...通常所说的三大合成材料的是A. 塑料B. 合金C. 合成纤维D. 合成橡胶3. 下列用来区别纯棉制品和羊毛制品的方法中,正确的是A. 灼烧B. 滴加碘水C. 滴加酒精D. 滴加稀硫酸4. 通常所说的“白色污染”指的是A. 白色建筑废料B. 石灰窑的白色粉尘C. 冶炼厂的白色烟尘D. 聚乙烯等塑料垃圾5. 下列能为人体提供能量的营养物质中,属于高分子材料的是A. 蔗糖B. 果糖C. 葡萄糖D. 淀粉6. 某同学胃酸过多,他应该服用下列哪种药品治疗A. 阿司匹林B. 青霉素C. 麻黄碱D. 氢氧化铝7. 下列家庭垃圾中适合于用堆肥法处理的是A. 旧衣物B. 瓜果皮C. 旧报纸D. 塑料瓶8. 为了保护臭氧层,可采取的有效措施是SO的排放 B. 减少含铅废气的排放A. 减少2CO的排放C. 减少氟氯代烃的排放D. 减少29. 医学上常给病人口服NaI溶液来治疗甲状腺疾病。
这是由于合成甲状腺激素的重要元素是A. FeB. CaC. ID. Na10. 关于合金的说法中,错误..的是A. 生铁和钢是含碳量不同的两种铁碳合金B. 多数合金的熔点一般比其成分金属的熔点低C. 多数合金的硬度一般比其各成分金属的硬度大D. 合金的化学性质一般与其各成分金属的化学性质不同二、选择题(每小题只有一个选项符合题意,共10小题,每小题3分。
)11. 有人分析一些小而可溶的有机分子的样品,发现它们含有碳、氢、氧、氮等元素,这些样品很可能是A. 葡萄糖B. 氨基酸C. 油脂D. 淀粉Cu,对农作物和人畜都有害,欲采用化学法12. 某工厂排放的酸性废水中含有较多的 2除去有害成分,最好是加入下列物质中的A. 食盐、硫酸B. 胆矾、石灰水C. 铁粉、生石灰D. 苏打、盐酸13. 下列制品与材料类别不对应...的是14. 下列属于油脂的用途的是①人类的营养物质②制取肥皂③制取甘油④制备汽油A. ①②④B. ①③④C. ②③④D. ①②③15. 生活中常见的金属防腐的方法很多。
北京师大附中2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期末考试化学试卷 后有答案
北京师大附中2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期末考试化学试卷相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 O-16 Na-23 S-32 Cl-35.5 Fe-56 Ba-137 Pb-2071. 本试卷共分为两个部分,第一部分为必修二的模块考试,共100分。
第二部分为校本课程考试,共50分。
2. 两部分考试时间共100分钟。
第一部分必修2模块考试Ⅰ卷(共50分)每小题只有一个选项符合题意(1~25小题,每小题2分)1. 下列物质中,属于天然有机高分子化合物的是A. 葡萄糖B. 蔗糖C. 淀粉D. 油脂2. 在元素周期表中金属与非金属的分界处,可以找到A. 合金B. 半导体材料C. 催化剂D. 农药3. 为了鉴别某白色纺织品的成分是蚕丝还是“人造丝”(主要成分是纤维索),可以选用的方法是A. 滴加氢氧化钠 B . 滴加浓硫酸 C. 滴加酒精 D. 在火焰上灼烧4. 卤族元素随着原子序数的增大,下列递变规律正确的是A. 单质熔、沸点逐渐降低B. 单质的氧化性逐渐增强C. 原子半径逐渐增大D. 气态氢化物稳定性逐渐增强5. 下列金属中,通常采用热还原法冶炼的是A. NaB. AlC. FeD. Ag6. 下列有关物质用途的说法中,不正确...的是A. 可用氨气制氮肥B. 可用氯气制漂白粉C. 可用蔗糖制食品D. 可用工业酒精勾兑白酒7. 废电池必须进行集中处理的首要原因是A. 充电后可再使用B. 回收利用石墨电极和金属材料C. 防止电池中汞、镉和铅等重金属离子污染土壤和水源D. 防止电池中的电解质溶液腐蚀其他物品8. 下列物质的结构简式中,书写正确的是A. CH2CH2B.C. CH2=C(CH3)2D. CH3COH9. 下列说法中,正确的是A. 水煤气是通过煤的气化得到的B. 石油裂解得到的汽油是有固定沸点的纯净物C. 油脂水解可得到氨基酸和甘油D. 油脂都不能使溴水褪色10. 用硫酸酸化的CrO3遇酒精后,颜色会从橙色变为绿色,此原理可用于检验酒驾,反应的化学方程式为2CrO3+3C2H5OH+3H2SO4=Cr2(SO4)3+3CH3CHO+6H2O,该反应中的氧化剂是A. H2SO4B. CrO3C. Cr2(SO4)3D. C2H5OH11. 下列物质中,不能..使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色的是A. 二氧化硫B. 乙醇C. 乙烯D. 苯12. 下列烷烃的一氯取代物中没有..同分异构体的是A. 丙烷B. 丁烷C. 异丁烷D. 新戊烷13. 下列有关碱金属单质的化学性质的说法正确的是A. K与H2O反应最剧烈B. Rb比Na活泼,故Rb可以从Na溶液中置换出NaC. 碱金属的阳离子没有还原性,所以有强氧化性D. 从Li到Cs都易失去最外层1个电子,且失电子能力逐渐增强14. 下面关于化学反应的限度的叙述中,正确的是A. 化学反应的限度都相同B. 可以通过改变温度控制化学反应的限度C. 可以通过延长化学反应的时间改变化学反应的限度D. 当一个化学反应在一定条件下达到限度时,反应即停止15. 据报道N5是破坏力极强的炸药之一,18O2是比黄金还贵重的物质。
北京四中2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期中考试化学试卷 后有答案
北京四中2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期中考试化学试卷(试卷满分110分,考试时间为100分钟)相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Na-23 Al-27 P-31 Cl- 35.5一、选择题(每小题只有..1.个.选项符合题意,每小题2分,共40分)1. 某些建筑材料会产生放射性同位素氡22286Rn,从而对人体产生伤害。
该同位素原子的中子数和质子数之差是A. 136B. 50C. 86D. 2222. 下列有关短周期元素的叙述中,一定正确的是A. 原子最外层电子只有1或2个的元素都是金属元素B. 16号元素原子的最外层电子数是4号元素原子最外层电子数的4倍C. 11号元素与17号元素能形成XY2型化合物D. 14号元素单质是半导体3. 下列化工生产原理错误..的是A. 可以电解熔融的氯化钠来制取金属钠B. 不能将钠加入氯化镁饱和溶液中制取镁C. 电解熔融的AlCl3来炼铝D. 可以用炭还原二氧化硅制粗硅4. 下列电子式书写正确的是A. NH4ClB. CaCl2C. CH3ClD. N2:N:::N:5. 下列每组中各物质均既有离子键又有共价键的一组是A. NaOH、H2SO4、(NH4)2SO4B. MgO、Na2SO4、NH4HCO3C. Na2O2、KOH、Na2SO4D. HCI、NaCl、MgCl26. 用右图所示装置进行下列实验,实验结果与预测的现象不一致...的是7. A. 加入过量氨水,有白色沉淀生成,则原溶液一定有Al 3+B. 加入淀粉溶液,溶液变蓝,则原溶液一定有I -C. 加入盐酸酸化的BaCl 2溶液,有白色沉淀生成,则原溶液一定有SO 42-D. 加入NaOH 溶液,加热,产生气体使湿润的红色石蕊试纸变蓝,则原溶液一定有NH 4+8. R 3+离子核外电子数为E ,质量数为A ,则n gR 218O 3中所含中子的物质的量是A.(9)24n A E A -++mol B. (12)27n A E A -++mol C. (12)24n A E A -++mol D. (27)27n A E A -++mol 9. 下列叙述正确的是A. 同主族元素,原子半径越大,其单质的熔点一定越高B. 同周期元素简单离子半径从左至右依次减小C. 同主族元素的气态氢化物,相对分子质量越大,其沸点一定越高D. 同周期元素的原子,半径越小越容易得到电子10. a A n+、b B(n+l )+、c C n-、dD (n+1)-电子层结构相同。
北京市人大附中2013-2014学年高一下学期期中考试化学试题 Word版含答案
人大附中2013-2014学年度高一第二学期期中化学试题2014年4月22日命题人:臧春梅 审题人:贺新本试卷分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ两卷,共有32题,共8页,考试时间为90分钟。
可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Ca-40第I 卷(选择题部分 共50分)一、选择题(本题包括25小题,每小题2分,共计50分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意。
) 1.下列化学用语表达正确的是A .二氧化碳的电子式:B .氯离子的结构示意图:C .乙烯的结构简式:C 2H 4D .质量数为18的氧原子:O 186 2.下列各组物质中,互为同分异构体的是A .O 2和O 3B .126C 和136C C .正丁烷和异丁烷D .苯和甲苯3.下列化学用语表示正确的是 A .CO 2的比例模型:B .铝离子的结构示意图:C .次氯酸的结构式:H -O -ClD .甲基的电子式:4.已知:下列说法不正确...的是 A .①和②变化过程中都会放出热量 B .氯原子吸引电子的能力强于钠原子和氢原子C .①和②中的氯原子均得到1个电子达到8电子稳定结构D . NaCl 中含有离子键,HCl 中含有共价键 5.下列有关元素化合物的说法正确的是A .CO 和SiO 2都不能和水反应,所以它们都不是酸性氧化物B .易溶于水的化合物溶于水的过程不一定有化学键断裂的过程C .Na 2O 2是离子化合物,含有极性键和离子键D .氢氧化铝是两性氢氧化物,既可溶解于浓氨水又可溶解于盐酸6.既可以用来鉴别乙烷和乙烯,又可以用来除去乙烷中混有的乙烯的方法是 A .在一定条件下通入H 2 B .通入足量酸性高锰酸钾溶液中 C .通入足量溴水中 D .分别进行燃烧7.结合下图判断,下列叙述不正确...的是(把两容器中电解质溶液连通形成回路)A.Ⅰ、Ⅱ的反应原理均是Zn + Cu2+ = Zn2+ + CuB. Ⅰ、Ⅱ中均有电子转移,均是把化学能转化为电能C. 随着反应的进行,Ⅰ、Ⅱ中CuSO4溶液颜色均渐渐变浅D. 取a中溶液,加足量Ba(NO3)2溶液,过滤后向滤液中加AgNO3溶液,有沉淀产生8.X、Y、Z、W为四种短周期元素,已知X、Z同主族,Y2+、Z—、W+三种离子的电子层结构与氖原子相同,下列正确的是A.气态氢化物的稳定性:HX>HZ B.原子半径:W > Y > Z > XC.阴离子的还原性:X—> Z—D.金属性:Y>W9.下列说法中不正确...的是A.化学反应中的能量变化,通常表现为热量的变化B.反应物的总能量高于生成物的总能量时发生放热反应C.Ba(OH)2·8H2O与NH4Cl的反应是吸热反应D.凡是放热反应不需要加热就能发生10.下列叙述不正确...的是A.根据金属活动性顺序表,可以推测冶炼金属时可能的方法B.根据元素周期表中元素的位置,可以寻找合适的半导体材料C.根据某元素原子的质子数和中子数,可以确定该元素的相对原子质量D.根据酸、碱、盐的溶解性,可以判断某些溶液中的复分解反应能否进行11.在容积固定的密闭容器中发生反应:2NO+O22NO2,则达到平衡状态的标志是①单位时间内生成n molO2的同时,生成2n mol NO2②单位时间内生成n molO2的同时,生成2n mol NO③用NO2、NO、O2的物质量浓度变化表示的反应速率的比为2∶2∶1的状态④混合气体的颜色不再改变的状态⑤混合气体的密度不再改变的状态⑥混合气体的平均相对分子质量不再改变的状态A.①④⑥B.②④⑥C.①③④⑤D.①④⑤⑥12.微粒甲与离子乙在溶液中的转化关系如图所示:甲是A.Mg2+B.NH4+C.Al D.SO213.下列各组中的性质比较,正确的是A.酸性HIO4>HBrO4>HClO4 B.碱性NaOH>Mg(OH)2>Ca(OH)2C .稳定性HCl>H 2S>PH 3D .氧化性Na +>Mg 2+>Al 3+ 14.下表是元素周期表的一部分,有关说法的组合中正确的是①a 、b 、e 、f 四种元素原子半径:e > f > b > a ②h 、i 两种元素阴离子的还原性:h > i ③a 、g 两种元素氢化物稳定性:a > g ④d 、e 、f 最高价氧化物对应水化物碱性依次增强 ⑤八种元素中d 元素的单质还原性最强,i 元素的单质氧化性最强A .①③④B .②③⑤C .②④⑤D .①③⑤15.某氢氧燃料电池,电极为多孔镍,电解液为30%的KOH 溶液,下列有关叙述正确的是 ①负极反应为:4OH --4e - =O 2↑+2H 2O ②负极反应:H 2+2OH - - 2e - =2H 2O ③工作时正极区pH 升高,负极区pH 降低 ④工作时溶液中阴离子移向正极 A .③④B .②③C .②④D .①④16.常温下,两种气态烃组成的混合气体0.1 mol ,完全燃烧得0.15 mol CO 2和3.6 g H 2O ,下列关于该混合气体的说法正确的是①一定有甲烷 ②可能有乙烷 ③一定没有乙烷 ④可能有乙烯 A .①② B .①②④ C .①③④ D .②④17.短周期元素R 、T 、X 、Y 、Z 在元素周期表的相对位置如下表所示,它们的最外层电子数之和为24。
精编北京师大附中2013-2014学年高一化学上学期期中检测卷及解析
北京市师大附中2013-2014年上期高一年级期中考试试卷(满分100分,考试时间90分钟)可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 -12 O-16 N-14 S-32 -355 N-23 Mg-24 A-27第Ⅰ卷(共40分)一、选择题(本题包括20小题,每小题只有1个选项符合题意。
) 1 下列物质中,不属于电解质的是A H 2SO 4B NOH N D 2H 5OH2 下列物质的分类不正确的是A 水、过氧氢和干冰都属于氧物B H 2SO 4、HNO 3、H 2O 3都属于酸烧碱、纯碱、熟石灰都属于碱D NHSO 4、SO 4和MO 4都属于盐3 下列说法不正确的是A 浊液的分散质粒子直径大于00,不能通过滤纸B 胶体的分散质粒子直径小于00但大于1,能通过滤纸利用丁达尔效应可以区分溶液和胶体D 将氯铁浓溶液和氢氧钠浓溶液混合,能得到氢氧铁胶体4 下列离子方程式书写正确的是A 向稀硫酸中加入氢氧钡溶液 H ++SO42-+B 2++OH -=H 2O +BSO 4↓B 向石灰水中加入硝酸溶液 H ++OH -=H 2O向氧镁中加入硫酸溶液 Mg 2++SO 42-=MgSO 4D 向硝酸银溶液中加入锌粉 +Ag +=2++Ag5 下列反应中,是非氧还原反应的是①H 2+122H②A12O 3+2NOH=2NAO 2+H 2O ③2HgO 2Hg +O 2↑④O+2HNO 3=(NO 3)2+H 2O⑤MO 2+4H M 2+12↑+2H 2OA ②④B ①③ ①②③ D ②④⑤6 下列说法正确的是A 电解质在熔融状态下都能导电B 由于电流的作用,酸、碱、盐溶于水发生电离存在自由移动的离子是电解质溶液导电的原因D 在水溶液中电离出氢离子的合物属于酸7 下列说法正确的是A O 2的摩尔质量为44gB 54L4℃的H 2O 中有1806×1022个分子标准状况下,224L 4所含的原子为05N AD 50L 1/L B 2溶液中,B 2+和-物质的量之和是018 下列说法正确的是A 分子不同的O 与N 2的体积一定不等B 体积相同的O 与N 2的质量一定相等质量相同、密度不同的O 与N 2所含的原子目一定相等D 质量不同、密度相同的O 与N 2所含分子可能相同9 下列物质转关系中,需要加入适当氧剂的是A P 3→P 5B MO 4→M 2+ SO 3→SO 42- D O 2→O10 下列离子方程式表示氧还原反应的是A HO 3-+OH -=H 2O +O 32-B H 3PO 4+3OH -=PO 43-+3H 2OF (OH )3+3H +=F 3++3H 2OD 3F 2++4H ++NO 3-=3F 3++NO↑+2H 2O11 下列关于金属钠的说法正确的是A 少量金属钠保存在煤油中B 金属钠不慎着火,应该用水灭火金属钠在空气中燃烧时火焰为明亮的红色D 金属钠放置在空气中,最终会变成N 2O 212 1989年世界卫生组织把铝定为食品污染之一,应控制使用。
北京师大附中2013-2014学年高一化学上学期期中考试试题
北京市师大附中2013-2014学年上学期高一年级期中考试化学试卷(满分100分,考试时间90分钟)可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 O-16 N-14 S-32 Cl-35.5 Na-23 Mg-24 Al-27第Ⅰ卷(共40分)一、选择题(本题包括20小题,每小题只有1个选项符合题意。
)1. 下列物质中,不属于电解质的是A. H2SO4B. NaOHC. NaClD. C2H5OH2. 下列物质的分类不正确的是A. 水、过氧化氢和干冰都属于氧化物B. H2SO4、HNO3、H2CO3都属于酸C. 烧碱、纯碱、熟石灰都属于碱D. NaHSO4、CuSO4和KMnO4都属于盐3. 下列说法不正确的是A. 浊液的分散质粒子直径大于l00nm,不能通过滤纸B. 胶体的分散质粒子直径小于l00nm但大于1nm,能通过滤纸C. 利用丁达尔效应可以区分溶液和胶体D. 将氯化铁浓溶液和氢氧化钠浓溶液混合,能得到氢氧化铁胶体4. 下列离子方程式书写正确的是A. 向稀硫酸中加入氢氧化钡溶液H++SO42-+Ba2++OH-=H2O+BaSO4↓B. 向石灰水中加入硝酸溶液H++OH-=H2OC. 向氧化镁中加入硫酸溶液Mg2++SO42-=MgSO4D. 向硝酸银溶液中加入锌粉Zn+Ag+=Zn2++Ag5. 下列反应中,是非氧化还原反应的是①H2+C122HCl②A12O3+2NaOH=2NaAlO2+H2O③2HgO2Hg+O2↑④CuO+2HNO3=Cu(NO3)2+H2O⑤MnO2+4HCl MnCl2+C12↑+2H2OA. ②④B. ①③C. ①②③D. ②④⑤6. 下列说法正确的是A. 电解质在熔融状态下都能导电B. 由于电流的作用,酸、碱、盐溶于水发生电离C. 存在自由移动的离子是电解质溶液导电的原因D. 在水溶液中电离出氢离子的化合物属于酸7. 下列说法正确的是A. CO2的摩尔质量为44gB. 5.4mL4℃的H2O中有1.806×1022个分子C. 标准状况下,2.24L CCl4所含的原子数为0.5N AD. 50mL 1mol/L BaCl2溶液中,Ba2+和Cl-物质的量之和是0.1mol8. 下列说法正确的是A. 分子数不同的CO与N2的体积一定不等B. 体积相同的CO与N2的质量一定相等C. 质量相同、密度不同的CO与N2所含的原子数目一定相等D. 质量不同、密度相同的CO与N2所含分子数可能相同9. 下列物质转化关系中,需要加入适当氧化剂的是A. PCl3→PCl5B. MnO4→Mn2+C. SO3→SO42-D. CO2→CO10. 下列离子方程式表示氧化还原反应的是A. HCO3-+OH-=H2O+CO32-B. H3PO4+3OH-=PO43-+3H2OC. Fe(OH)3+3H+=Fe3++3H2OD. 3Fe2++4H++NO3-=3Fe3++NO↑+2H2O11. 下列关于金属钠的说法正确的是A. 少量金属钠保存在煤油中B. 金属钠不慎着火,应该用水灭火C. 金属钠在空气中燃烧时火焰为明亮的红色D. 金属钠放置在空气中,最终会变成Na2O212. 1989年世界卫生组织把铝定为食品污染源之一,应控制使用。
北京市师范大学附属中学近年-近年学年高一化学下学期期中试题(含解析)(最新整理)
【点睛】本题考查了微粒空间构型的判断,根据正四面体中,4个键的键长、键角都相等,易错点C,一般只有同种元素构成的化学键面体。
7.2017年,我国科学家在利用镓( Ga)进行肿瘤的早期精准诊断方面取得重大突破。下列关于 Ga的说法正确的是
A. 质子数为31B。 中子数为68
【解析】
【详解】A。O2和O3是氧元素的不同单质,互为同素异形体,不是同位素,故A错误;
B。 CO和CO2是碳的两种氧化物,不满足同位素的概念,故B错误;
C. H2O和H2O2是两种化合物,不是原子间关系,不符合同位素的概念,故C错误;
D. Mg和 Mg都是镁原子,中子数不同,它们是镁元素的不同核素,互为同位素,故D正确。
【详解】A、乙酸具有酸性,可使紫色石蕊变红,可鉴别,故A不选;
B、乙酸可与碳酸钠溶液反应生成二氧化碳气体,可鉴别,故B不选;
C、乙醇和乙酸都易溶于水,无明显现象,不能鉴别,故C选;
D、乙醇含有-OH,可与酸性高锰酸钾发生氧化还原反应,可鉴别,故D不选。
故选C。
16. 下列事实与元素周期律相关知识无关的是
B. CO2分子中C原子和O原子之间只存在C-O极性共价键,故B错误;
C. MgCl2中镁离子和氯离子之间只存在离子键,故C正确;
D。 NaOH中钠离子和氢氧根离子之间存在离子键、O原子和H原子之间存在共价键,所以含有离子键和共价键,故D错误;
故选C。
【点睛】本题考查离子键的判断,解题关键:明确离子键和共价键的概念,注意二者区别,注意配位键属于共价键,氢键属于分子间作用力.D为易错点,NaOH中有离子键和共价键.
2.下列各组元素中,属于同一周期的是
A。 Na、PB. N、ClC。 F、MgD. O、S
北京市师大附中高一化学下学期期中试题(含解析)(2021年整理)
北京市师大附中2017-2018学年高一化学下学期期中试题(含解析)编辑整理:尊敬的读者朋友们:这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望(北京市师大附中2017-2018学年高一化学下学期期中试题(含解析))的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈,这将是我们进步的源泉,前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改,如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅,最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步,以下为北京市师大附中2017-2018学年高一化学下学期期中试题(含解析)的全部内容。
北京师大附中2017-2018学年下学期高一年级期中考试化学试卷1. 下列图示过程,由太阳能直接转变为化学能的是A。
A B。
B C. C D. D【答案】D【解析】试题分析:A、光伏发电是光能转化成电能,A错误;B、风力发电是风能转化成电能,B错误;C、水力发电是机械能转化成电能,C错误;D、光合作用是太阳能直接转变为化学能,D正确,答案选D。
考点:考查能量转化的判断2。
下列元素中,属于主族元素的是A. Cu B。
Na C。
Ne D。
Zn【答案】B【解析】【分析】由元素的位置结合元素周期表的结构来判断元素所属的周期和族,主族元素为IA~ⅤⅡA,共7个主族,以此来解答。
【名师点睛】本题考查元素周期表的结构及应用,为高频考点,把握元素的位置及主族、副族、第ⅤⅢ族、0族的位置为解答的关键,注意整体把握周期表的结构,题目难度不大。
3. 下列物质中,既含共价键又含离子键的是A. NaClB. O2 C。
NH4Cl D。
CO2【答案】C【解析】A、氯化钠中只存在钠离子和氯离子之间的离子键,选项A错误;B、氧气分子中只有共价键,选项B错误;C、铵根离子和氯离子之间是离子键,铵根离子内部存在共价键,选项C正确;D、二氧化碳分子中只有共价键,选项D错误;答案选C.4。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
北京师大附中2013-2014学年下学期 高一年级期中考试化学试卷(AP 班)考试时间100分钟第Ⅰ卷(共60分)一、选择题(本题包括30小题。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意。
) l. 下列反应中属于吸热反应的是 A. 2HCL NaOH H O NaCl +=+B. 42232()22NH Cl Ba OH BaCl NH H O +=++C. 222Mg O MgO +=D. 22()CaO H O Ca OH += 2. 放热反应一定是A. 吸收能量B. △H >0C. 反应物总能量低于生成物总能量D. 反应物总能量高于生成物总能量 3. 在锌、铜和稀硫酸构成的原电池中,下列说法正确的是A. 锌是正极,发生还原反应B. 铜是负极,发生氧化反应C. 正极反应式为Zn -2e -=Zn 2+D. 负极反应式为Zn -2e -=Zn 2+4.下列反应中,能设计成原电池的是A. SO 2+H 2O =H 2SO 3B. CaCO 3=CaO+CO 2C. Zn+CuSO 4=ZnSO 4+CuD. NH 3+HCl =NH 4C1 5. 能形成离子键的是 A. 任意两种元素之间 B. 两种非金属元素之间的化合C. 任何金属元素与非金属元素之间的化合D. 典型活泼金属和典型活泼非金属之间的化合 6. 下列各组原子序数的原子能以共价键结合成化合物的是A. 17和11B. 12和9C. 19和17D. 1和177. 在1L密闭容器中通入1mol N2和3mol H2,在一定条件下反应2 min后,测得H2消耗1.2mol,如用H2的浓度变化来表示反应速率,其反应速率为[单位:mol/(L·min)]A. 0.2B. 0.4C. 0.6D. 0.88. 已知反应A+3B=2C+D在10min内以A的浓度变化表示的化学反应速率为l mol/(L·min),则此段时间内以C的浓度变化为A. 0.5 mol/(L·min)B. 1 mol/L·min)C. 2 mol/(L·min)D. 3 mol/(L·min)9. 加快反应速率可以采取的措施是A. 升高温度B. 减小压强C. 降低温度D. 减小反应物浓度10. NO和CO都是汽车尾气里的有害物质,它们能缓慢地反应,化学方程式为:2CO+2NO=N2+2CO2。
对此反应,下列叙述正确的是A. 使用催化剂不能改变反应速率B. 使用催化剂能加快反应速率C. 改变压强对反应速率无影响D. 降低压强会降低反应速率11. 在1.0L密闭容器里发生:4NH3(g) + 5O2(g)4NO(g) + 6H2O(g),反应30s后,水蒸气的物质的量增加了0.45 mol,则此反应的平均反应速率v可表示为A. v(NH3)=0.010 mol/(L·s)B. v(O2)=0.0050 mol/(L·S)C. v(NO)=0.0010 mol/(L·s)D. v(H2O)=0.045mol/(L·s)12. 室温下,下列反应速率相等的是①20 mL 0.1 mol/L Na2S2O3和20 mL 0.1 mol/L H2SO4 ②10 mL 0.1. mol/L Na2S2O3和10 mL. 0.1mol/L H2SO4③10 mL 0.1/mol/L Na2S2O3和10 mL 0.5 mol/L H2SO4④20mL 0.05 mol/L Na2S2O3和20 mL 0.05 mol/L H2SO4A. ①和②B. ③和④C. ②和③D. ①和④13. 下列各组溶液,同时开始反应,出现浑浊最早的是A. 10℃时5 mL 0.1 mol/L Na2S2O3和5 mL 0.1mol/L H2SO4溶液混合B. 10℃时50mL 0.05 mol/L Na2S2O3和5 mL0.1 mol/L H2SO4溶液混合C. 20℃时5 mL0.1 mol/L Na2S2O3和5 mL0.1 mol/L H2SO4溶液混合D. 20℃时50 mL 0.05 mo1/L Na2S2O3和5 mL 0.1 mol/L H2SO4溶液混合14. 把镁条投入盛有盐酸的烧杯中,产生H2的速率如图所示,在下列因素中:①盐酸的浓度;②镁条的表面积;③溶液的温度;④Cl-浓度。
影响反应速率的因素是A. ①④B. ③④C. ①②③D. ②③15. 可逆反应达到平衡的重要特征是A. 反应停止B. 正、逆反应速率都为零C. 正、逆反应还在继续进行D. 正、逆反应速率相等且不为零16. 一定温度下,对反应A(g) + 2B(g)3C(g)的叙述中,能说明反应达到平衡的是A. 容器内的压强不再变化B. 混合气体的物质的量不再变化C. C生成的速率与C分解的速率相等D. 单位时间内消耗a mol A,同时生成3a mol C17. 在可逆反应中,混合物各种的浓度比一定等于各物质分子系数比的是A. 起始浓度B. 转化浓度C. 平衡浓度D. 无法判断18. 对反应E+F EF,下列平衡常数中最能说明反应有利于生成EF的是A. k=5.1×10—5B. k=4.3×10—7C. k=3.5×10—3D. k=9.1×10—919. 能够使合成氨反应N2+3H22NH3△H<0进行的程度增大的措施是A. 升高温度B. 降低压强C. 使用催化剂D. 不断移去NH320. 下列说法错误..的是A. 烧碱是强电解质,在水溶液中完全电离,不存在电离平衡B. 醋酸是弱电解质,在水溶液中不完全电离,存在电离平衡C. 蔗糖、硫酸钡和水分别属于非电解质、强电解质和弱电解质D. 硫酸、纯碱、醋酸钠和生石灰分别属于酸、碱、盐和氧化物21. 下列不.能表明醋酸是弱电解质的是A. 0.1 mol/L的醋酸水溶液中,c(H+)约为10-3mol/LB. 常温下同浓度的醋酸水溶液导电性比盐酸弱C. 醋酸水溶液能使紫色石蕊变红D. 醋酸稀溶液中同时存在CH3COOH和CH3COO-22. 在等体积,浓度均为0.3mol/L的H2SO4、HCI、CH3COOH溶液中,加入足量的Zn,下列说法中不.正确的是A. 硫酸中放出的氢气量最多B. 醋酸中放出的氢气量最少C. 硫酸消耗的Zn 量最多D. 盐酸和醋酸消耗的Zn 量相等 23. 某温度下,测得纯水中c(H +)_2.4×10-7mol /L ,则c(OH -)为A. 2. 4×10-7mol /L B. 1.0×10-7mol /LC.714104.2100.1--⨯⨯mol /L D. 无法确定 24. 往纯水中加入下列物质,不能使水的电离平衡发生移动的是 A. NaOH B. CH 3COOH C. 水 D. Na 2CO 325. 25℃时,向纯水中加入NaOH ,使溶液的c(OH -)=1.0×10-3mol /L ,则由NaOH 电离出的c (O H -)和由水电离出的c (OH -)之比是 A. 10l0︰1 B. 5×109︰1 C. 108︰l D. 1︰l26. 体积相同、pH 相同的HCl 溶液和CH 3COOH 溶液,与NaOH 溶液中和时两者消耗NaOH 的物质的量A. 相同B. 中和HCl 的多C. 中和CH 3COOH 的多D. 无法比较 27. 下列各方程式中,属于水解反应的是A. H 2O+H 2O H 3O ++OH -B. HCO 3-+OH -CO 32-+H 2OC. CO 2+H 2OH 2CO3 D. CO 32-+H 2OHCO 3-+OH -28. NH 4Cl 溶液中,离子浓度由大到小的顺序是 A. c(NH 4+)>c(C1-)>c (H +)>c(OH -) B. c(Cl -)>c(NH 4+)>c(H +)>c(OH -) C. c(H +)>c(OH -)>c(NH 4+)>c(Cl -) D. c(OH -)>c(NH 4+)>c(Cl -)>c(H +)29. 有三种一元酸HA 、HB 、HC 的钠盐分别为NaA 、NaB 、NaC ,它们的相同物质的量浓度的溶液的pH 分别为9、10、8,则这三种弱酸的酸性由强到弱的顺序是 A. HA >HB >HC B. HB >HA >HC C. HC >HA >HB D. HC >HB >HA30. pH 均为5的NH 4Cl 溶液和稀盐酸,其中由水电离出的H +浓度分别为Amol /L ,B mol /L ,则A 与B 的关系正确的是A. A =BB. A <BC. A >BD. 无法确定第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共40分)31. 已知HClO 是一元弱酸,完成下列问题:(1)书写HCIO 的电离方程式 。
(2)写出HClO 电离平衡常数Ka 的表达式 。
(3)已知25℃时HClO 的Ka =2.9×10-8,HBrO 的Ka =2.4×10-9,则 酸的酸性更强。
(4)将2 mL 1 mol/L的HClO水溶液与2 mL 1 mol/L,NaOH溶液反应。
反应后溶液呈性(填“酸性”、“碱性”或“中性”),原因是。
32. 目前为止,已经发现有一百多种元素的原子,它们通过化学键构成了数以千万计的物质。
(1)判断下列物质的化学键①H2②H2O③CH4④NaCl⑤N2⑥NaOH①含离子键的物质有(填序号,下同):;②含非极性共价键的物质有:。
(2)写出下列原子或物质的电子式:①Na ②Mg ③C④H2⑤NaCl ⑥H2O33. 从能量形式上看,化学能可以转化为热能或电能。
(1)i. ①燃烧②酸碱中和反应③Ba(OH)2·8H2O与NH4Cl晶体反应④盐的水解上述反应中,属于放热反应的是(填序号,下同);属于吸热反应的是。
对于放热反应,从化学键的断裂生成角度,可以解释为:反应物断键所需要的总能量生成物成键所释放的总能量(填“大于”或“小于”);ii. 已知H2(g)+Cl2(g)=2HCl(g) △H=-184.6 kJ/mol。
当0.5mol氢气在氯气中燃烧时,放出热量kJ。
(2)原电池是能将能转化为能的装置。
若将反应Fe+Cu2+=Fe2++Cu设计成原电池,负极材料为;正极发生的反应是。
34. 黄铁矿是工业制取硫酸的重要原料。
工业生产中主要分为三个步骤,其中第二步反应在450℃并在催化剂存在下进行:2SO2(g)+O2(g)2SO3(g) △H=-190kJ/mol(1)在一个固定容积为5L的密闭容器中充入0.20 mol SO2和0.10 mol O2,30s后达到平衡,测得容器中含SO3 0.15mol,则v(SO3)=mol/(L·s)。