2019_2020高中英语Unit4ExploringplantsSectionⅢLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage教案新人教版选修9
高中英语Unit4ExploringplantsSectionⅠWarmingUpReading—P
1． _C_o_l_le_c_t_in_g__“_e_x_o_ti_c_”_p__la_n_t_s____ ， __a_s_th__ey__a_r_e_c_a_l_le_d__ ， dates back to the earliest times. 收集所谓的“异国”植物要追溯到很久以前。 2．However，__i_t_w__a_s_n_o_t_u_n_t_i_l ___ the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries ___t_h_a_t____ the exploration of the botanical world began on a large scale. 然而直到 18 世纪和 19 世纪人们对植物世界大规模的开发和探索 才开始。
Unit 4 Exploring plants
The consensus of the worlds’ leading scientists is that global warming is real and already underway.For natural ecosystems around the globe，its effects could be devastating.All plants and animals，no matter where they live，will be affected in some way.A changing climate has the potential to lead to the mass extinction of numerous species.
Unit 4 Exploring plants
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading—Preparing
2019-2020年高中英语Unit4ExploringplantsReading
2019-2020年高中英语Unit4ExploringplantsReadingPart One: Teaching DesignPeriod 1: A sample lesson plan for reading(PLANT EXPLORATION IN THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES) AimsTo help students develop their reading abilityTo help students learn exploring plantsProcedures■Warming up by defining plantsPlants are a major group of living things (about 300,000 species), including familiar organisms such as trees, flowers, herbs, and ferns. Aristotle divided all living things between plants, which generally do not move or have sensory organs, and animals. In Linnaeus' system, these became the Kingdoms Vegetabilia (later Plantae) and Animalia. Since then, it has bee clear that the Plantae as originally defined included several unrelated groups, and the fungi and several groups of algae were removed to new kingdoms. However, these are still often considered plants in many contexts. Indeed, any attempt to match "plant" with a single taxon is doomed to fail, because plant is a vaguely defined concept unrelated to the presumed phylogenic concepts on which modern taxonomy is based.■Warming up by talking about different gardensGardens vary in forms and functions. How many can you see in your area?■Warming up by discussing gardeningGardening is the activity of growing and maintaining the garden. This work is done by an amateur or professional gardener. A gardener might also work in a non-garden setting, such as a park, a roadside embankment, or other public space. Landscape architecture is a related professional activity with landscape architects tending to specialise in design for public and corporate clients.I. Pre-readingWhat is a garden?A garden is a planned space, usually outdoors, set aside for the display, cultivation, and enjoyment of plants and other forms of nature. The garden can incorporate both natural and man-made materials. The most mon form is known as a residential garden. Western gardens are almost universally based around plants. Zoos, which display wild animals in simulated natural habitats, were formerly called zoölogical gardens. Some traditional types of eastern gardens, such as Zen gardens, use plants sparsely or not at all. Food-producing gardens are distinguished from farms by their smaller scale, more labor-intensive methods, and their purpose (enjoyment of a hobby rather than produce for sale); this distinction is not always clear-cut, however. The gardening article discusses the differences and similarities between gardens and farms in greater detail.Gardening is the activity of growing and maintaining the garden. This work is done by an amateur or professional gardener. A gardener might also work in a non-garden setting, such as a park, a roadside embankment, or other public space. Landscape architecture is a related professional activity with landscape architects tending tospecialise in design for public and corporate clients.II. Reading for formsRead the text PLANT EXPLORATION IN THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES to: cut/ the sentence into thought groups, blacken the predicative, darken the connectives and underline all the useful expressions.III. Copying expressions and making sentencesYou are asked to copy all the useful expressions into your notebook after class as homework. You may make your own sentences with each of these expressions.IV. Reading and transformingRead the text again to plete the chart to fill in the topic sentence of each paragraph.V. Closing down by learning about prehistoric plantsPrehistoric plants are various groups of plants that lived before recorded history (before about 3500 BC).Plants have remained remarkedly unchanged thoughout earth's geological time scale. Early ferns had developedby the Mississippian, conifers by the Pennsylvanian. Some plants of prehistory are the same ones around today and are thus living fossils, such as Ginkgo biloba and Sciadopitys verticillata.2019-2020年高中英语Unit4ExploringplantsUsingLanguage课时跟踪训练新人教版Ⅰ.单词拼写1．The developmental history of the society tells us that man has evolved (进化) from the ape.2．Let's attach (系) labels to the luggage.3．He bought a vase with a delicate (精致的) pattern of butterflies and leaves.4．This is a typical (有代表性的) case in my daily work.5．The air in the garden was warm and fragrant (芬芳)．Ⅱ.单句改错1．He attached his horse on a tree.on→to2．The machine gave up a steady buzzing.up→out3．This is the girl who name is Liu Hui.who→whose4．He always passes by at the sight of blood.by→out5．That region has plenty of natural resources since this one has none.since→whileⅢ.阅读理解Plants, like animals, are easy to be infected by diseasesof various kinds.It has been estimated that some 30,000different diseases attack our economic plants: forty are knownto attack corn, and about as many attack wheat.The results ofunchecked plant disease are all too obvious in countries which have only a limited number of food supplies.The problem will soon be more widespread as the population of the world increases at its frightening rate.Even in countries which are now amply fed by their agricultural products, there could soon be serious food shortages.It is easy to imagine the oute of some disastrous attack on one of the major crops; the resulting famines could kill millions of people, and the resulting hardship on other millions could cause political disturbance disastrous to the order of the world.Some plants are born with the ability to resist a great many diseases, while others are fairly easy to be infected.The tolerance (耐受性) of a particular plant changes as the growing conditions change.A blight (枯萎病) may be but a local infection which can be easily controlled; on the other hand, it can attack particular plants in a whole region or nation.An example is the blight which killed actually every chestnut tree in North American.Another is the famous potato blight in Ireland in the last century.As a result of that, it was estimated that one million people died of starvation as potatoes were the main food for Irish people.Plant pathologists have made remarkable progress in identifying the pathogens (病原体) of the various diseases.Bacteria may invade a plant by way of insects carrying the pathogen.A plant can also be inoculated by man.Frequently a primary infection will weaken the plant so that a secondary infection may result from its lack of tolerance.The symptoms shown may cause an error in diagnosis, so that the treatment may be directed toward bacteria which could be the result of a susceptibility caused by a primary virus infection.1.How many diseases are known to attack wheat?A．Around 30,000. B．40.C．Around 29,960. D．Around 40.解析：选B 细节理解题。
高中英语 Unit 4 Exploring plants Section Ⅰ
Unit 4 Exploring plants 植物是我们生活中必不可少的一个部分，那么你知道植物的重要性吗？Plants form the basic food staple for all life forms.Theyare the major source of food and oxygen on earth，since no animalcan supply these necessary components without plants.There are many different types of cash crops that producemoney for farmers.Olive oil comes from olives，corn oil comesfrom corn，and peanut oil comes from peanuts.Typicalagricultural products like corn，wheat，rye，and rice are all considered cash crops.Coffee plants produce beans that are used to make coffee；coca plants give us chocolate；vanilla plants grow long thin beans that are used to produce vanilla flavoring.Plants are also used in agriculture to help reduce windspeed.Planting trees in a row prevents the wind from blowing awaythe valuable topsoil.In the forest，trees act as shelter for manyorganisms.Plants are also important for the overall ecology of anarea.Roots help to stabilize soil and prevent the soilerosion by water runoff.Plants are also important in our atmosphere because they use carbon dioxide and give off oxygen while they undergo photosynthesis.Plants are also used in the urban setting to reduce noise，produce shade，and to beautify an area.Trees add value to homes and communities.Plants are essential to the balance of nature and in people's lives.Green plants，i.e.，those possessing chlorophyll(叶绿素)，produce their own food and give off oxygen in the process called photosynthesis (光合作用)，in which water and carbon dioxide are combined by the energy of light.Plants are the ultimate source of food and metabolic energy for nearly all animals，which cannot produce their own food.Besides foods，plant products vital to humans include wood and wood products，fibers，drugs，oils，latex，pigments，and resins.Coal and petroleum (石油) are fossilsubstances of plant origin.Thus plants provide people not only sustenance but shelter，clothing，medicines，fuels，and the raw materials from which innumerable other products are made.两个诱思问题1．What is the purpose of the second paragraph?2．Why are plants important to our atmosphere?【答案】 1.Give some examples about the use of plants.2.Because they use carbon dioxide and give off oxygen while they undergo photosynthesis.Section ⅠReading (Warming Up, Prereading，Reading & Comprehending) Ⅰ.根据词性及英文释义写出单词的正确形式1．adj.far away in space or time2．n．balance for weighing；one of the two pans on a balance；relative size，extent，scope，etc.3．n．struggle；fight；disagreement4．n．effort；attempt to do sth.new or difficult5．adj.fixed，fastened or drawn together firmly6．n．act of putting a limit on sb./sth.7．n．quality of speaking，writing in an easy smooth manner8．vi.to be attractive or interesting (to sb.)【答案】 1.distant 2.scale 3.conflict4.endeavour5.tight6.restriction7.fluency8.appealⅡ.短语填空date back to；on a large scale；come across；quantities of；fail to；take interest in；result in；appeal to1．They are preparing for war ．2．Stress and tiredness often a lack of concentration.3．Does the idea of working for IBM you?4．This castle Roman times.5．Small poison were detected in the dead man's stomach.【答案】 1.on a large scale 2.result in 3.appeal to 4.dates back to5.quantities ofⅠ.阅读P32－33课文内容，从三个选项中选择最佳答案1．The first recorded plant exploration happened .A．in the 18th centuryB．about 1，500 years agoC．about 1500 BC2．Who is not a collector mentioned in the passage?A．Father d'Incarville.B．The Queen of England.C．Robert Fortune.3．Plants collectors met many difficulties EXCEPT ．A．lack of moneyB．the conflicts with local peopleC．restrictions on the movement of Europeans4．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?A．The first plant collecting expedition dated back to 1500 AD.B．E H Wilson discovered the Dove Tree among the western plant collectors.C．The second half of the nineteenth century was a very important period of plant exploration.5．What's the text mainly about?A．Transporting plants over a long distance was a big problem.B．There was a lot of plant collecting in the 18th and 19th centuries.C．Many plant collectors were sent to a collecting trip to China.【答案】 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.BⅡ.阅读P32－33课文内容，完成下列表格3.Heaven seeds4.Australia5.17846.North America7.France8.In 18979.E H Wilson 10.the Dove TreeⅢ.阅读P32－33课文内容，完成下面课文缩写The plants look so familiar 1. we often don't know that many of them are from countries far away，which 2. (date) back to the earliest times.Many plants collectors realized the value of the plants from distant lands.3.，the exploration of the botanical world didn't begin 4. a large scale 5. the 18th and 19th centuries.Of course，they had many difficulties in the trips，6.(face)many dangers including disease，nearstarvation，severe environments and 7. (conflict)with the local people.The missionaries collected large 8. (quantity) of specimens，but there was not enough in Western gardens.However，the botanists were very 9.(excite)with the knowledge that China has many kinds of plants，so collectors 10. (send)to China to collect more kinds.【答案】 1.that 2.dates 3.However4.on5.until6.facing7.conflicts8.quantities 9.excited 10.were sent。
2019-2020年高中英语Unit4Exploringplants-reading
2019-2020年高中英语Unit4Exploringplants-readingPart One: Teaching DesignPeriod 1: A sample lesson plan for reading(PLANT EXPLORATION IN THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES)AimsTo help students develop their reading abilityTo help students learn exploring plantsProcedures■Warming up by defining plantsPlants are a major group of living things (about300,000 species), including familiar organismssuch as trees, flowers, herbs, and ferns.Aristotle divided all living things betweenplants, which generally do not move or havesensory organs, and animals. In Linnaeus' system,these became the Kingdoms Vegetabilia (laterPlantae) and Animalia. Since then, it has beeclear that the Plantae as originally defined included several unrelated groups, and the fungi and several groups of algae were removed to new kingdoms. However, these are still often considered plants in many contexts. Indeed, any attempt to match "plant" with a single taxon is doomed to fail, because plant is a vaguely defined concept unrelated to the presumed phylogenic concepts on which modern taxonomy is based.Warming up by talking about different gardensGardens vary in forms and functions. How many can you see in your area?■Warming up by discussing gardeningGardening is the activity of growing and maintaining the garden. This work is done by an amateur or professional gardener. A gardener might also work in a non-garden setting, such as a park, a roadside embankment, or other public space. Landscape architecture is a related professional activity with landscape architects tending to specialise in design for public and corporate clients.I. Pre-readingWhat is a garden?A garden is a planned space, usually outdoors, set aside for the display, cultivation, and enjoyment of plants and other forms of nature. The garden can incorporate both natural and man-made materials. The most mon form is known as a residential garden. Western gardens are almost universally based around plants. Zoos, which display wild animals in simulated natural habitats, were forme rly called zoölogical gardens. Some traditional types of eastern gardens, such as Zen gardens, use plants sparsely or not at all. Food-producing gardens are distinguished from farms by their smaller scale, more labor-intensive methods, and their purpose (enjoyment of a hobbyrather than produce for sale); this distinction is not always clear-cut, however. The gardening article discusses the differences and similarities between gardens and farms in greater detail. Gardening is the activity of growing and maintaining the garden. This work is done by an amateur or professional gardener. A gardener might also work in a non-garden setting, such as a park, a roadside embankment, or other public space. Landscape architecture is a related professional activity with landscape architects tending to specialise in design for public and corporate clients.II. Reading for formsRead the text PLANT EXPLORATION IN THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES to: cut/ the sentence into thought groups, blacken the predicative, darken the connectives and underline all the useful expressions.III. Copying expressions and making sentencesYou are asked to copy all the useful expressions into your notebook after class as homework. You may make your own sentences with each of these expressions.IV. Reading and transformingRead the text again to plete the chart to fill in the topic sentence of each paragraph.V. Closing down by learning about prehistoric plantsPrehistoric plants are various groups of plants that lived before recorded history (before about 3500 BC).Plants have remained remarkedly unchanged thoughout earth's geological time scale. Early ferns had developed by the Mississippian, conifers by the Pennsylvanian. Some plants of prehistory are the same ones around today and are thus living fossils, such as Ginkgo biloba and Sciadopitys verticillata.plete the summary of the text with one word in each blank.It was not ___1__ the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries __2___the exploration of the botanical world began __3___ a large scale．An important group of collectors ___4___ French Catholic missionaries ____5__，by the middle of the 18th century，__6____ beginning to set themselves up in China．__7____ plants alive during long land or sea voyages ___8___ an enormous challenge.__9____ numbers of seeds failed to grow after long sea __10____ or trips across land ___11___ Asia and Europe. The world of plant exploration ___12___ pletely changed ___13___ Dr Nathaniel Ward’s invention ___14___ a tightly sealed portable glass container．This invention，___15___ the Wardian case，allowed plants to be __16____ on long journeys．A British man __17____ Robert Fortune was one of the earliest plant __18____ to use Wardian cases．__19____ second half of the nineteenth century ___20___ a very important period of plant __21____．During this time many Catholic missionaries ___22___ sent to China from France．___23___ the missionaries collected large numbers ___24___ specimens，there was __25____ enough material for growing particular species in ___26___ gardens．(key: 1. until 2. that 3. on 4. were 5. who 6.were 7.Keeping 8.was 9. Large 10.voyages 11.between 12. was 13.with 14. of 15.called 16.transported 17. called 18.collectors 19.The 20.was 21.exploration 22. were 23.Although 24. of 25. not 26.Western )Notes to the special sentencesCollecting “exotic” plants，as they are called，dates back to the earliest times．收集“异国”植物，人们这样称呼他们，可以追溯到远古时期。
高中英语 Unit 4 Exploring plants Section Ⅱ Warming
Section ⅡWarming Up &Reading—Language PointsCollecting “exotic” plants，as they are called，dates back to the earliest times.收集所谓的“异国”植物要追溯到很久以前。
①This town dates back to the Roman times.这座城镇在罗马时代就开始有了。
②This custom dates from the ancient times.这个习俗起源于古代。
[自我探究]date back to是由动词＋副词＋介词构成的动词短语；＝date_from，意为追溯到……；始于；常用一般现在时时态。
out of date 过时的，陈旧的to date 到目前为止up to date 最新的③The exhibition contains some of his best work to date.这个展览有他迄今为止一些最好的作品。
[巧学活用]——完成句子针灸治疗可以追溯到古代中国，逐渐地被其他国家的医学专家所接受。
The needle treatment________________the ancient times in China is gradually accepted by experts in medicine in other countries.答案：dating fromMany ancient civilisations saw the value of bringing back plants from distant lands.许多古老文明都见证了从遥远的地方带回植物的价值。
①The distant star is far distant from the earth.这颗星距离地球很远。
②If you are very quiet，you can hear the distant music from the circus in town.如果你们十分安静，你们就会听到远处镇上马戏团的音乐声。
高中英语 Unit 4 Exploring plants Workbook reading
4. Why do the male wasps try to mate with the orchid flowers?
The female wasps visit the orchid flowers to collect the chemical that the male wasps were attracted to earlier. The female wasps do not have a role in pollination since the flowers are dying when they visit them.
4. What three animal pollinators are featured? The yucca moth, the Madagascar black lemur, a certain kind of wasp (the male, not the female wasp).
First reading
Plant/
Advantages Disadvantag
pollinato
es
r
The orchid is
Orchid certain to be
They are
pollinated.
Now read the text more carefully and answer these questions. 1. Why can no other animals but the
2019_2020学年高中英语Unit4Exploringplants单元跟踪测评新人教版选修9
Unit 4 Exploring plants单元跟踪测评(总分：150分时间：120分钟)选择题部分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What is the man going to do?A．See a film. B．Give a lesson.C．Write a report.答案 C2．In what competition did Julie win first prize?A．Diving competition.B．Dancing competition.C．Driving competition.答案 A3．Where are the two speakers?A．In a cinema.B．In a restaurant.C．In a bookstore.答案 B4．What happened to the woman?A．Someone ruined her garden.B．Some of her money was stolen.C．One of her windows was broken.答案 B5．What does the man probably offer?A．An electronic dictionary.B．A radio cassette.C．A CD player.答案 A第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
高中英语 Unit 4 Exploring plants Period 1 Warming Up
13
Ⅱ.重点短语 1．adapt __t_o___ 2．date back __t_o___ 3．set ___up___ 业；建立
4．appeal __t_o___ 5．a vast variety ___o_f__
11．___bo_t_a_n_i_s_t___ n．植物学家→__b_o_t_a_n_y___ n．植物 学→___b_o_t_an_i_c_a_l___ adj.植物学的
12 ． ___e_v_ol_v_e___ vt.& vi. 发 展 ； 进 展 ； 进 化 →__e_v_o_l_u_t_io_n____ n．演变；进化→___e_vo_l_u_t_i_o_n_i_sm____ n．进 化论；进化说
drop.Wilson had his boat wrecked but managed to save his
Davidia specimens.
7
Period Ⅰ Warming Up and Reading
8
目 录
Contents
课前教材预案
9
课前教材预案
[基础自测] Ⅰ.重点单词 1．___p_o_l_l_i_n_a_te___ vt.对……授粉→___p_o_l_l_in_a_t_i_o_n___ n．授粉→___p_o_l_l_i_n_at_o_r___ n．虫媒 2 ． ___e_x_o_t_i_c__ adj. 异 国 情 调 的 ； 外 来 的 ； 奇 异 的 →___ex_o_t_i_c_a___ n．奇异事物，新奇事物 3．___d_is_t_a_n_t___ adj.远的，远处的→___d_i_s_t_an_c_e___ n．距 离，间距；远方；远处
高中英语 Unit 4 Exploring plants Period 3 Grammar Writ
第十四页，共37页。
(2)动名词可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。有些动词后
只能跟动名词作宾语，而有些动词后面只能用不定式作宾语，有
的动词后既可用动名词又可跟不定式作宾语，且区别不大。
建议(jiànyì)承认，考虑避免，喜欢耽搁，完成原谅， 否认允许，宽恕逃脱，介意想像，保持错过， 练习阻挡，抵抗冒险，懂得欣赏。
第十六页，共37页。
②也有人把它们(tā men)编成了顺口溜，以便背诵：
喜欢考虑不可免 enjoy，consider，escape，avoid 停止放弃(fàngqì)太冒险 stop，give up，risk 承认理解很值得 admit，understand，worth 反对想像莫推延 object to，imagine，delay，put off 要求完成是期望 require，finish，look forward to 建议继续勤操练 suggest，go on，practise 不禁原谅要坚持 can't help，excuse，insist on 继续介意便成功 keep on，mind，succeed in
第十七页，共37页。
3．两者均可作宾语但意义不同 在英语中，有些动词跟动词不定式和跟动名词作宾语会造成 意义上的差别：动名词往往表示一般(yībān)的习惯或抽象的 行为，含有多次反复的意味，或是经常性的动作或表示已经 发生过某事等；不定式表示某个特定场合的动作或表示动作 还没发生等。可以用下面顺口溜简单记忆：
第九页，共37页。
The next day he found himself in the hospital when he waked. 第二天他醒来时发现(fāxiàn)自己在医院里。 I often ask him to help me with my English. 我经常请他帮助我学英语。 I find it easy to answer this question. 我发现(fāxiàn)回答这个问题是很容易的。
高中英语Unit4ExploringplantsSectionⅢLearningaboutLangu
高中英语Unit4ExploringplantsSectionⅢLearningaboutLangua ge讲义新人教版选修91012318Section ⅢLearning about Languageresult in 导致……(教材P34)These crowded conditions resulted in a lot of conflicts and several fights.这些拥挤的状况导致许多冲突和几次争执。
When you do something with faith，it will result in success.当你有信心去做某事时，就会成功。
Lack of population control can result in poverty.不进行人口控制会造成贫穷。
①result from由于……的原因②result n. 结果；后果as a result 结果as a result of 由于……的结果许多疾病是由于缺少锻炼所致。
As a result，costs will be reduced by as much as 90%.因此，成本将会降低90%之多。
He was late as a result of the snow.由于大雪他迟到了。
完成句子①他的严重的错误导致了重大的损失。
His costly mistake severe loss.②结果我们不得不给菜地浇水。
，we have to water the vegetable garden.③由于发生爆炸，矿井顶部坍塌了。
The roof of the mine caved in the explosion.【答案】①resulted in②As a result③as a resul t ofpostpone vt.推迟；延迟(教材P35)My parents suggested to postpone our visit to the pyramids because we didn't have enough time to see them before we left Egypt.我父母建议延迟参观金字塔，因为在离开埃及之前我们没有足够的时间去看它们。
高中英语 Unit 4 Exploring plants Section Ⅰ Warming up
2016-2017学年高中英语Unit 4 Exploring plants Section ⅠWarming up & Reading-Prereading课时作业新人教版选修9编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2016-2017学年高中英语Unit 4 Exploring plants Section ⅠWarming up & Reading-Prereading课时作业新人教版选修9）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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Unit 4 Exploring plantsSection ⅠWarming up & Reading—Pre－reading Ⅰ。
阅读理解AMy trip to EcuadorLast month I was part of a program called “Sustainable Summer"，whose mission is to cultivate the next generation of environmental leaders through study－abroad experiences and field－based learning.The experience was unlike anything I could have imagined.In the Galapagos,I got to swim with a penguin and a sea turtle，made friends with a sea lion,touched a white －tip shark，and saw dozens of marine iguanas and blue－footed boobies.On the mainland,I had a wild monkey jump on my back。
高中英语 Unit 4 Exploring plants Section Ⅳ Grammar
Section ⅣGrammar & Writing宾语1．他们不会伤害我们。
They won’t hurt __________．答案：us2．5加5得10。
If you add ______ to ______，you get ______．答案：5；5；103．他上周离开了那儿。
He left ____________ last week.答案：there4．她真想离开家吗？Does she really mean ________________？答案：to leave home5．他上周戒烟了。
He stopped ____________ last week.答案：smoking6．你懂我的意思吗？Do you understand ________________？答案：what I mean[自我探究]上面几个句子告诉我们：宾语是谓语动词的承受者。
其句式结构是：动词＋宾语或介词＋宾语。
可以作宾语的有：代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、从句等。
一、宾语的含义及分类1．宾语在句子中主要充当动作的承受者，因此一般置于及物动词之后。
Our team beat all the others.我们的球队打败了其他所有的球队。
(1)但有时为了强调，宾语亦可置于句首。
Two weeks you shall have.你可以有两周的时间。
(2)有时则为了上下文的衔接而将宾语置于句首。
This much we have achieved，but we are not complacent.我们取得了这么多的成就，但我们并不自满。
2．可以用作宾语的有名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、名词化的分词、介词短语、从句等。
但下列句子中不及物动词后的名词一般不看作是宾语，而应看作是状语。
He ran a mile. 他跑了一英里。
It costs twenty dollars.它的价格是二十美元。
高中英语Unit4ExploringplantsSectionⅠWarmingup
Unit4Exploring plantsSectionⅠWarming up & Reading—Pre－reading Ⅰ. 阅读理解isLast month I was partto cultivate the nextAMy trip to Ecuadorof a program called“Sustainablegeneration of environmental leadersSummer”， whose missionthrough study －abroadexperiences and field－based learning.The experience was unlike anything I could have imagined.In the Galapagos，I got to swim with a penguin and a sea turtle，made friends with a sea lion，touched a white － tip shark，and saw dozens of marine iguanas and blue－the mainland，I had a wild monkey jump on my back.The hiking was interspersed (点缀) with the to mention having tribe leader of the native Kichwa people tour you around a small part of the forest and feed you natural remedies.Yet my perspective shifted during my adventures in the Amazon.While the experiences were unforgettable，they weren’t the focus of the trip.I got to seefirsthand what is being threatened by modern needs.I saw the conservation efforts in the Galapagos ， the fight to keep it as natural as possible，yet still open to humans.I learned the land and the forest in Ecuador must be protected ， yet its only major financial resource is the oil beneath theAmazon.It ’s very easy to sit at home and say，“ Oh， I love the rainforest and I support the movement to protect it.” Meanwhile，global environmental threats and concerns only continue to grow.What Sustainable Summer has taught me is there is no reasonwhy I should wait until someone else takes charge of these issues to work on andresolve them.Everything from planting gardens，to composting，to bans against plastic bags makes a difference.Returning from my trip to the Amazon，I’m going to bring the skills and knowledge with me ， so that I can spread awareness about the threatenedrainforest and help create meaningful change in my own urban wilderness.语篇解读这是一篇夹叙夹议文。
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Section ⅢLearning about Language & Using Language1．lower vt. 降低；跌落；减弱2．dull adj. 不鲜明的；阴暗的3．fragrant adj. 芬芳的；香的4．typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的5．attach vt. 附着；系上；附加；缚上6．monument n. 纪念碑7．pyramid n. 金字塔8．delicate adj. 精巧的；脆弱的；微妙的9．string n. 线；细绳；一串10．ripe adj. 熟的；成熟的11．postpone vt. 推迟；拖延12．rot v. 腐烂；腐败13．irrigation n. 灌溉14．evolve vt.& vi. 进化；演变；发展；进展15．beard n. 胡须1．attach ...to．.. 把……系到……上；贴上；附上2．give out 发出(气味、热等)；分发3．adapt to 适应……4．reward ...with．.. 以……回报……5．rot away 腐烂掉1．For example，yellow flowers attract bees，while red flowers attract butterflies.例如，黄花吸引蜜蜂，而红花吸引蝴蝶。
2．ually the nectar is at the end of a small，narrow tube whose length is the same as the tongue of a particular species.……花粉通常在狭小的花管子里的末端，其长度与特定花粉传播者的舌头相当。
Read the passage and tell the following statements True (T) or False (F)．1．Most of the animal pollinators have evolved ahead of the flowering plants.( )2．Through evolution，flies，wasps，beetles and other animals such as bees and moths have become less common.( )3．The pollinators choose the types of flowers according to the features of them such as the colour，shape，and smell.( )答案：1－3.FFTOver time，many flowering plants and their animal pollinators have evolved together.许多开花的植物长期以来是和它们的动物传粉媒介一起发展的。
①Maize evolved from a wild grass in Mexico.玉米是由墨西哥的一种野草进化而来的。
[自我探究]evolve 是动词，意为进化，发展，演变。
evolve from sth. 由某物/从某物进化而来evolve into sth. 逐渐形成某物evolution n. 进化，演变evolutionary adj. 进化的，演变的②Each school must evolve its own way of working.每个学校必须形成自己的办学模式。
③The three species evolved from a single ancestor.这三种生物从同一祖先进化而来。
④Do you know the evolution of the steamship?你知道蒸汽船的演变吗？[巧学活用]——完成句子达尔文认为我们人是从类人猿进化来的。
Darwin believed that________________________．答案：we human beings evolved from the apePollen becomes attached to the animal during its visit to a flower and is then passed on to another plant’s blossom on its next visit.动物接触一朵花后，花粉就附着在它的身上，动物接触下一种植物的花时，就把这些花粉传到花朵上。
①However，I think sometimes we attach too much importance to our phones so that we ignore our friends. 然而，我认为有时候我们太重视手机而忽略了我们的朋友。
②He attached a label to his trunk.他给大皮箱贴上了标签。
[自我探究]attach是动词，意为缚上；系上；附加，常与介词 to连用，意为把……贴上，附上。
(1)attach sth.to sth. 把……固定；把……附(在……上)attach importance/significance/value to sth.重视，认为……有重要性(或意义、价值、分量等) attach oneself to sb. 依附某人be attached to 依恋；属于；加入；隶属于attach to sb. 与某人相关联；归功于某人(2)attachment n. 附着，附属；依恋③I attach great importance to this research.我认为这项研究十分重要。
④No blame attaches to you in this affair.这件事不怪你。
[巧学活用]——完成句子(1)当我们初学外语的时候，我们应该特别重视正确的发音。
We should________________________________when first learning a foreign language.(2)他们已经在协议上附加了一些条件。
They have__________________________the agreement.答案：(1)attach primary importance to correct pronunciation(2)attached a number of conditions toSmell：strong，sweet perfume，typically only given out at night. 气味：浓烈的香味，典型的香甜味，典型之处只是在夜晚散发。
①Please help me give out these test papers.请帮我分发这些试卷。
②The coal began to give out. 煤用光了。
[自我探究]give out是动词和副词组成的动词短语，意为分发，用光(用尽)。
give out主要有以下两个意思：(1)分发，发出(气味、热等)。
(2)当意为“用光，用尽，筋疲力尽”时，是不及物动词的短语，相当于run out；如果后面接宾语，就要用run out of或use up。
③Howard gave out drinks to his guests.霍华德把饮料分给来宾。
④They gave out ad leaflets to the customers.他们向顾客散发广告传单。
⑤Our food supplies are giving out/running out.我们的食物快要吃光了。
⑥We are using up/running out of our money.我们的钱快要花光了。
For example，yellow flowers attract bees，while red flowers attract butterflies.例如，黄花吸引蜜蜂，而红花吸引蝴蝶。
①Tom is very good at science, while his brother is absolutely hopeless.汤姆擅长理科，然而他的弟弟绝对是无可救药。
[自我探究]while为连词，连接两个分句，意为而，然而，表示对比或转折，while位于两个分句之间。
(1)引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，此时，谓语动词用延续性的。
(2)引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。
(3)表示条件，意为“只要”，其意思和用法相当于as long as或if。
②He caught a cold while (he was) on vacation.他度假时患了感冒。
③While I agree with your reason，I can’t allow it.尽管我同意你的理由，但我不允许这样做。
④There will be life while there is water and air.只要有水和空气，就有生命。
⑤While there is life，there is hope.留得生命在，不怕没希望。
[巧学活用]——完成句子尽管我承认他并不完美，但我确实喜欢这个人。
________________I accept that he is not perfect，I do actually like the person.答案：While课时作业11Ⅰ单句语法填空1．The deer ____________ (low) its head to drink from the pond.答案：lowered2．The apples ____________(ripe) to perfection.答案：were ripened3．____________(irrigate) is needed to make crops grow in dry regions.答案：Irrigation4．The ____________(typically) family may remain one child，but some childless and only consisting of a man and a woman.答案：typical5．As a result of the radio appeal ____________ help for the flood victims，they have over raised a million pounds.答案：for6．Our visit to the museum ____________(postpone)．答案：is postponed7．Many Victorians were shocked by the notion(观念) that Man had evolved ____________ lower forms of life.答案：from8．This middle school is attached ____________ a teachers’ college.答案：to9．The young man tried his best to ____________(conviction) the judge that he was innocent.答案：convince10．Cycling is highly beneficial ____________ people’s health and the environment.答案：toⅡ阅读理解AWhen slaves were first brought over from West Africa to thesouthern parts of America，they brought along with them aspectsof their own culture—religion，dance，language，music，and cuisine.A mix of the two cultures eventually appeared.The religious danceof the ring shout turned into modern dances like the Charleston，and tribal chants slowly transformed into sorrowful hymns(圣歌)sung by slaves that described their hardships.These soulful accounts by slaves of the severe climate and conditions began to be called “the blues”，which continued in popularity among African Americans after the Civil War.This music increased in popularity into the early 1900s when many black musicians became an important part of the music industry.The slaves that had been brought over were from all different regions of West Africa，but they worked together until they gradually formed a common culture.This strengthened the identity of their music that，in the 1950s，eventually led to the beginning of rock and roll.The Beatles，the most influential band of the 1960s，is often determined as the accelerator that resulted in the ideology(意识形态) surrounding music that is still around today.The freedom and individuality associated with that time period brought forth a whole culture surrounding music.Itwas not just music any more，but a lifestyle.Over the decades，music has developed into such a vital part of society and pop culture.Musicians are glorified，with tons of adoring and screaming fans.The modern technology of present day has allowed for a greater gap between the creator of the music and the fans，as well as the widespread commercialization of music.However，criticisms of modern pop music often arise due to its mass production，and now there is lack of the same soul and quality of naturalness and simplicity in music that was rising in the early 20th century.【解题导语】当奴隶开始被从西非带到美国南部时，他们也带来了自己的文化——宗教、舞蹈、语言、音乐和烹饪。