最新实用英语写作(基本技能讲义)
英语写作讲义
写作八讲（book 2）第一讲：topic sentence and supporting sentences主题句和推展句How to write a topic sentence?Since the controlling idea or purpose must be stated clearly and precisely enough to indicate what the paragraph includes, your topic sentence must be: 1）specific instead of general 2）precise instead of vague (主题句要明确清晰不要笼统，要准确无误不要含糊不清)Compare the following two sentences and decide which is better.Astronauts must be very capable.√Astronauts must be scientists as well as expert test pilots.College students will be assured good jobs on graduation.√College students tend to get better jobs than those who haven’t a college diploma.People living in apartment never talk to each other.√People living in apartment seldom talk to each other.Countryside is much better than a city.√Countryside is a better place to live than a city in several aspects.Global warming is caused by a build-up of gases in the earth’s atmosphere.√Global warming is, to some extent, caused by a build-up of gases in the earth’s atmosphere.Write a paragraph about “television commercials”. Fashion an effective topic sentence and support it with details.Sample:The same television commercials repeat again and again in one evening. Perhaps the following two factors can account for this. The first reason is simply a matter of economics. It must make sure that as many people as possible will see it. Thus, more consumers will be attracted and a bigger profit may be gained. Another reason for repeating the commercials so often is the belief that repetition helps to imprint the message on the mind. Some feel that repetition—even to the point of irritation—is supposed to make people remember the product.第二讲：Unity in the Paragraph 段落的整体一致性A paragraph is unified when all the sentences in the paragraph are focused on one central thought or on a single topic. When you write a paragraph, be sure that each sentence contributes to the theme, and any irrelevant information is excluded.Read the following paragraphs and analyze: Which of the sentences doesn’t contribute to the topic?1. Riding a bicycle has a lot of advantages over driving a car. First, it is a physic al exercise to ride a bicycle. In contrast, sitting in the car, one tends to gain weight. Besides, it is much more economical to ride a bike than drive a car. The only fee a bike-rider has to pay is the annual tax. However, the annual fees for a car are costly. Most important of all, it is beneficial to the environment to ride a bicycle because the bike doesn’t consume petrol; it is a pollution-free transport. In contrast, the exhaust released by the car is harmful to the environment. Scientists should find a way to reduce its damage to the environment.key: Scientists should find a way to reduce its damage to the environment.2. Science and technology are developing rapidly with each passing day. At the same time, college are much higher than ever before. How to finance your college education had become amatter of concern for many. Y ou can deal with it in many ways. Y ou can get all of the money from your parents. Y ou can apply for a loan especially set up for college students. Y ou can also acquire the money completely by yourself, doing a full-time job in summer or winter holiday. In addition, you can ask your parents for most of it and earn the rest in your spare time in college, by doing a part-time job.key: Science and technology are developing rapidly with each passing day. At the same time, Write a paragraph on the topic of How to Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic. Eliminate the irrelevant idea from the outline below. Then write the paragraph in a problem-solution pattern. situation: urban traffic, increasingly crowded, traffic jams, delay, traffic accidents, careless drivingsolution: more roads, speed up the flow of traffic, more public bus routesresult: take up much land, house shortage, inconvenience第三讲：Working toward coherence （I）段落的连贯性——过渡词/短语Coherence in a paragraph refers to the way the sentences are arranged and to their relationship to one another. When a paragraph is coherent, the sentences are arranged in a clear and logical order, the transitions are smooth and natural, and ideas flow smoothly and gracefully from one sentence to the next. As a result, the reader finds it easy to follow the writer’s train of thought.Generally, there are two devices that will help you achieve coherence in your writing: 1）transitional words and phrases that show specific kinds of relationships 2）the repetition of or reference to key terms. (一般来说，有两种方式使段落具有连贯性：一是过渡词和词组，二是对关键事物词语进行重复表达或指代。
英语基础写作讲义
英语基础写作讲义一、写作基本要求①字数（字数不够怎么办）②信息完整③语法可接受④行文连贯⑤词汇与句式多变二、写作规范①标点顿号“、” 英语没有顿号，一般用逗号取代。
汉语中用顿号表示一句话中间并列的词和词组之间的停顿。
书名号汉语书名号为《》，表示书籍、报刊等名称。
英语中不用书名号，而是用斜体字表示，以区别于印刷体；但打字或书写时，因没有斜体字，便在书名或刊名下划一横线。
句号英语的句号是是实心的小圆点，即“.”, 常用于陈述句和祈使句之后。
而汉语的句号是空心圆圈，即“。
”。
省略号英语的省略是三个实心的小圆点，位于一行的中间。
②字母大小写（题目应放在第一行的中间，第一个单词的首字母和每一个名词、动词、形容词、副词等的首字母都要大写。
）③选词在写作中特别要注意，不能过多使用过于口语化的词汇，要书面化。
Cool→very good④书写（注意格式）三、写作基本结构框架文章结构：Beginning+Body1+...+Body N+ EndingBody的结构：Topic sentence+ Supporting sentence+ Concluding sentence段落是文章的基本构成成分，其作用是围绕文章的主题或中心思想从不同角度进行有组织的、逻辑性强的说明或阐述。
段落由一系列围绕同一主题的句子组成。
当新的主题出现时，就应开始新的段落。
段落一般由三部分构成：主题句（topic sentence）、支撑句（supportingsentence）或扩展句（developing sentence）和结尾句（concluding sentence）。
请看下面的一篇短文：What is a topic sentence?The topic sentence introduces the paragraph.What does it do?It tells the reader what your paragraph will be about.Example:There are three reasons why I want to learn English. One reason is that Englishhas become an international language. It is now used by most internationalcompanies, including the company where I work, for business communication.Another reason why I want to learn English is so that I can travel toEnglish-speaking countries. The United States, England, Australia and many othercountries all use English as their primary language. Finally, I want to learn Englishbecause I plan to move to the U.S. in the future. I will become a manager for mycompany soon. For all these reasons, I am very excited about learning English.ANALYSIS:What are you going to tell the reader about?Topic Sentence: There are three reasons why I want to learn English.●文章中的第一句就是段落的主题句，顾名思义，段落的主题句是表达该段落主题或中心思想的句子，段落的其他句子都是对该主题句的进一步扩展或论证。
英语应用文写作讲义
发信日期的写法： ① 年份应完全写出，不能简写。 ② 月份要用英文名称，不要用数字代替。 ③ 月份名称多用公认的缩写式。但 May, June, July,
称呼（Salutation） 正文（the Body of the Letter） ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
Two minor parts: Postscript ; Enclosure
2.1 Heading Forms of heading:
a) Block Form; Indented Form（缩进）;
b) Close punctuation(封闭式，每行后用逗号，最后一行用 句号); Open punctuation（开放式，每行均不用，普遍）
写作评分原则及标准
• 作文评分标准从表达和语言两方面，只给一个分数， 即给印象分(global/impression marking)。评分时应给 考生应得(rewarding)分数评定，不要扣分(penalty)方 式评定。分数可以为四个等级，即：
实用英语写作教材
实用英语写作教材Title: Effective English Writing Skills for Practical ApplicationIntroductionIn today's globalized world, the ability to communicate effectively in English is a crucial skill that can open doors to countless opportunities. Whether you are a student, a professional, or someone looking to improve your personal communication, mastering practical English writing skills is essential. This guide aims to provide you with a comprehensive understanding of the key components of English writing and offer strategies to enhance your writing skills for practical application.Chapter 1: The Fundamentals of English WritingTo become a proficient writer in English, it is essential to have a solid grasp of the fundamentals. This includes anunderstanding of grammar, sentence structure, vocabulary, and punctuation.1.1 GrammarGrammar is the set of rules that govern the structure of sentences, phrases, and words in English. Mastering grammaris crucial as it ensures that your writing is clear, coherent, and easy to understand. Some key areas to focus on include subject-verb agreement, tense consistency, and proper use of articles.1.2 Sentence StructureVarying your sentence structure can make your writingmore engaging and interesting to read. Simple sentencesconsist of a subject, verb, and object. Compound sentencesjoin two or more independent clauses using coordinating conjunctions like 'and,' 'but,' or 'or.' Complex sentences include one or more dependent clauses introduced bysubordinating conjunctions such as 'because,' 'although,' or'since.'1.3 VocabularyA rich vocabulary allows you to express your ideas more precisely and vividly. To expand your vocabulary, read widely, use a dictionary to look up unfamiliar words, and practice using new words in your writing.1.4 PunctuationPunctuation helps to organize your thoughts and clarify your meaning. Common punctuation marks include periods, commas, apostrophes, colons, and semicolons. Each mark has a specific function and should be used appropriately to ensure clear communication.Chapter 2: Planning and Organizing Your WritingBefore you begin writing, it is important to plan and organize your ideas. This will help you to write with clarity and coherence.2.1 BrainstormingBrainstorming is a technique used to generate ideas and stimulate creativity. You can brainstorm by jotting down any thoughts that come to mind related to your topic, without worrying about their relevance or order.2.2 OutliningOutlining involves creating a framework for your writing by organizing your ideas into main points and supporting details. This can be done in a traditional outline format or in a more flexible mind map.2.3 Thesis StatementYour thesis statement is a clear, concise statement that summarizes the main point or argument of your writing. Itshould be included in your introduction and serve as a guide for the rest of your text.Chapter 3: Writing Techniques for Clarity and Coherence Once you have planned your writing, it is time to focus on the techniques that will make your text clear and easy to follow.3.1 Paragraph StructureA well-structured paragraph typically includes a topic sentence, supporting sentences, and a concluding sentence. The topic sentence introduces the main idea of the paragraph, while the supporting sentences provide evidence or elaboration. The concluding sentence summarizes the paragraph's main point or transitions to the next paragraph.3.2 Cohesive DevicesCohesive devices are words or phrases that connect ideas within and between paragraphs. They include transitionalwords (e.g., 'however,' 'therefore'), pronouns (e.g., 'it,' 'they'), and conjunctions (e.g., 'and,' 'but'). Using cohesive devices effectively can improve the flow and comprehensibility of your writing.3.3 Editing and RevisingEditing and revising are essential steps in the writing process. Editing involves checking for errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation. Revising involves reevaluating the content and structure of your writing to ensure that your message is clear and effective. It may involve adding or deleting information, reorganizing paragraphs, or refining your thesis statement.Chapter 4: Advanced Writing StrategiesAs you become more comfortable with the basics of English writing, you can start to explore more advanced strategies to enhance your writing skills.4.1 Rhetorical DevicesRhetorical devices are techniques used to create a powerful impact on your reader. Examples include metaphors, similes, alliteration, and personification. These devices can add depth and interest to your writing, making it more memorable and persuasive.4.2 Tone and StyleThe tone of your writing reflects the attitude you take toward your subject and your audience. It can range from formal to informal, serious to humorous. Your style is the way you express yourself through your writing, including your word choice, sentence length, and organization. Being aware of your tone and style allows you to tailor your writing to suit different contexts and purposes.4.3 Persuasive WritingPersuasive writing aims to convince the reader to accept a particular viewpoint or take a specific action. To write persuasively, you need to present compelling arguments supported by evidence, address counterarguments, and use emotional appeals when appropriate.ConclusionMastering practical English writing skills is a journey that requires dedication, practice, and an understanding of the key principles outlined in this guide. By focusing on the fundamentals of grammar, sentence structure, vocabulary, and punctuation, and by planning and organizing your writing with clarity and coherence, you can develop your writing skills to a high level. Additionally, by incorporating advanced strategies such as rhetorical devices, adjusting your tone and style, and learning persuasive techniques, you canfurther enhance your writing and adapt it to various contexts and purposes. Remember, practice makes perfect, so continueto write regularly and seek feedback to refine your skills. With commitment and effort, you can become a highly skilled and effective English writer.。
2023届高考英语应用文写作模板讲义
应用文是人们日常生活和工作中广泛使用的文体。
书信、通知、请柬、便条、日记、演讲稿、倡议书、履历表都是常见的应用文体。
书信英语书信一般分为商业信函（BUSINESS LETTERS）和私人书信（PERSONAL LETTERS）两种，包括感谢信、告知信、邀请信、求职信、投诉信、推荐信等。
1.感谢信首段：表明写信意图，诚挚表达谢意；支架语言：Learning that you..., I’m writing to express/extend/convey my (heartfelt) gratitude/ thanks/ appreciation to you for what you have done for me./ your kindness and assistance/ your generosity.I’m writing to appreciate everything that ...I’m writing to say how grateful for ....I’d like to take this opportunity to express my great appreciation for ...I feel honored to express .... on behalf of ...With very best wishes and thanks, I am writing you this letter.主体：细述并赞赏对方给予的帮助；第二段首句支架语言：It was really kind /generous of you to devote all your time to staying with us and helping us. Never will I forget your kind hospitality好客you showed during my stay at your home.倒装结构It was your devotion as well as your encouragement that has shaped what my English is today, without which I would never have made it.It was your hospitality and great help that made my journey fruitful and worthwhile.Thanks to your timely help and assistance, I have made great progress in my English.第二段中间部分：过程式写法：遇到了困难---你帮助我（精神上鼓励我，学业上辅导我，你的个人魅力影响/激励了我）--我的改变（大不同，受影响-打算）Looking back, I was absent-minded and never really got involved in learning. I was upset and discouraged because of poor performances in exams. Fortunately, you offered me timely encouragement and tutored me after class, which got me back on track. Thanks to your help, my efforts have paid off and now I feel crazy about English....第二段末句But for your help, I would never have made such remarkable progress.虚拟语气Without your professional assistance, I would not have made such a success.If it hadn't been for your assistance, I wouldn't have made much progress.Thanks to your generous help, or I could have got nowhere.结尾：再次阐述感谢并表达祝愿等。
英文写作(讲义2)
Part OneWriting （Revision with Grammar）Writing Narrative EssaysSection 1 Verbs*The underlined parts are mistakesRange of assessment: A,B,C,D,E (pass); F, U (fail)(1) The Past Simple∙Definite time in the past∙Started/ Completed an actionDifferent forms of a verbProblem words ☹Useful Time Expressions for the simple past tense☺*e.g. He didn’t move here until 1991.A. StatementsUseful Writing Skills ☺∙Succession of activitiesHe woke at seven, got out of bed, washed, shaved, dressed, ran downstairs, ate breakfast, put his coat on, rushed to the bus stop, and took a bus to the station.B. Questions∙YES/NO QUESTIONSDid Bob repair the TV last week?∙WH-QUESTIONSWhat did you drink for breakfast this morning?What made you look so sad?C. NegativeCarlo did not arrive in Australia until 1994.Passive Voice ☹∙was/were + past participleDepending on the subject, the active or passive voice should be used.e.g. He was born in 1983. (bear)∙Singular or plural?e.g. They were caught by the police. (catch)My idea was ignored by everybody.∙Passive voice/ adjective / past participle?e.g. He was disappointed with my results. (My results disappointed him.)She was concerned about his safety. (His safety made her feel concerned.)∙Active/Passive?Some verbs can only be used in the active voice.e.g. appear, occur, collapse, happenSome verbs can be used in both the active and the passive voice, with a difference in meaning.e.g. H e drowned/ was drowned last weekend.The meeting adjourned/ was adjourned at 3o’clock.(2) The Past Continuous∙An activity was continuing at the time when another activity occurrede.g. I was taking the train from Central to Tsuen Wan (when the theft happened).She was shouting as all the other passengers on the train stared at her∙Chief interest is in the activity itself and its continuitye.g. What were you doing all morning?She was watching TV all evening.The girls were making cakes this morning.She was writing letters all afternoon.∙Two or more activities were continuing at the same timee.g While I was sowing the seeds, Harry was digging up potatoes and George waspicking plums.Lucy was practising the piano and Carol was baking a chocolate cake.TEXT COMPARISONA passage without linking words:A passage with linking words:Time Expressions ☺e.g. After buying some noodles, I went back to my building.Before going back to my building, I bought some noodles.After hearing the bad news, she fainted.Before setting out, they checked their luggage.While watching the play, he found that his purse was missing.Other Useful Structures ☺∙To use appropriate tenses, consider the relationship between two actions When he arrived, he discovered their secret.When he was singing, Mary suddenly dropped in.He was playing video games while she was reading a newspaper.∙Participles can also be used as adverbs expressing:1. TimeWhen the super star came out of the car, he was greeted by his fans.Coming out of the car, the super star was greeted by his fans.2. ReasonAs/Since/Because he was busy, he politely declined the invitation.Being busy, he politely declined the invitation.3. MannerShe sat there reading a TV magazine.The students sat in the library buried in their books.Practice SectionExercise 1Fill in the blank with the correct tense and underline the time phrase.1. He (die) ________________ yesterday morning.2. The First World War (begin) _______________ in 1914.3. Harry (come) ______________ to see me yesterday.4. I (hear)____________ the news an hour ago.5. The Greens (live)____________ in Ireland during the war.Exercise 2Matching1. Did you see her last night? A. Y es, it was the most exciting party I’veever seen.2. Did you feel hungry? B. Why not? It was a very easy paper.3. Did you have a good time? C. There were too many people. Maybe shewas not there.4. Did you pass the English test? D. I didn’t have much t ime.5. Did you bring any flowers for her? E. I felt more tired than hungry.F. The flowers are roses.G. She is my sister.H. I think they were useless.1. _____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____Exercise 3Matching1. When did you begin your homework lastnight? A. Not many things. Only carrots andtomatoes.2. What did you buy at the grocery storewhen you were there?B. Not much.3. Where did you grow up? C. At seven, I think.4. When did you send in your application? D. Two postcards and some books.5. How much did you pay for this book? E. Before the deadline, of course.F. This book is very expensive.G. In a small village.1. _____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____Exercise 4Matching1. What happened when you were there? A. No one. I learned it myself.2. Who told you the secrets? B. It was a very difficult subject.3. How many people came to the party? C. Peter, of course.4. Which vehicle ran over the woman? D. A lorry.5. Who taught you English? E. That Toyota.F. A bomb exploded.G. About forty1. _____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____Exercise 5Matching1. Did you see her last night? A. She didn’t have a chance.2. Who did she look like? B. Before anyone else did.3. Where did you see her? C. At John’s party.4. Did she say anything to you? D. She left for the hotel.5. When did she leave? E. Princess Diana.F. Of course, she was so special.G. She liked Barbie.1. _____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____Exercise 6Write the correct past form of the verbs in the brackets.e.g. (invite) When did she invite the dinner guests?1. (marinate) ____________ you ______________ the meat?Y es, I ______________ it in white wine.2. (spoil) _________________ the milk __________________ overnight?No, __________________.3. (sift) How thoroughly __________________ he ______________ the flour?He ____________________ it several times.4. (bring) ____________________ the waiter ____________________ themappetizers?Y es, he ____________________ them a few minutes ago.5. (stuff) ____________________ the cook ____________________ the turkey?Y es, she ____________________ it with fruit and rice.Exercise 7Complete the blank with the correct form of the verb in the brackets.1. Many great cathedrals ________________ during the Middle Ages. (build)2. I________________ by her smile. (puzzle)3. They ________________ by the wonderful performance of the singer. (fascinate)4. She ________________ about the examination. (worry)5. The letters ________________ to us this morning. (deliver)Key 9Exercise 8Fill in the blank with the correct verb form.1. The two-storeyed building __________________ last night. (collapse)2. The radio __________________ down during the mid-night programme. (break)3. The meeting ___________________ off because the chairman was absent. (call)4. No one knows why the accident __________________. (happen)5. He __________________ to succeed. (determine)Exercise 9Fill in the blank with the correct verb form.1. When George (arrive) ________ home, his sister (watch) _____________ TV.2. Where (live) _____________you _____________ when the war (break)_____________ out.3. I (see) _________ Mr Grey while I (walk)_________ to school.4. The boy (knock) _________ down by a bus while he (cross) _________ the street.5. We (play) _________ tennis when you (phone) _________ .Exercise 10Write the correct form of the verb in each blank. Pay attention to the time expressions.When Annie (1) __________________ (finish) her work last night at 11 o’clock, she (2) __________________ (walk) home. While she (3) __________________ (walk), a strange car (4) __________________ (stop) near her. A man (5)__________________ (ask) her for directions to High Street. She (6)__________________ (answer) his questions politely, but she (7)__________________ (not like) the strange man.At the same time, James (8) __________________ (go) home from the grocery store, and he (9) __________________ (notice) Annie on the other side of the street. She (10) __________________ (talk) to a man in a very old car. James (11)__________________ (call) her name, and she (12) __________________ (wave) to him. He (13) __________________ (walk) across the street. The man (14)__________________ (stop) talking and (15) __________________ (start) his car. While he (16) __________________ (drive) away, Annie (17) __________________ (smile) very happily at James.Exercise 11Some of the linking words in the following paragraphs have been missed out. Complete them by filling in each blank with a suitable linking word or phrase. You can use a word or phrase more than once.Something frightening happened to me last Wednesday. It was late in the evening ___________ I was very hungry, ___________ I went out to the supermarket near my building to get something to eat. ___________ buying some snacks, I went back to my building ___________ got in the lift.I pressed my floor button ___________ stood patiently ___________ the lift slowly began going up. It had just passed the eighth floor ___________ I heard a crashing sound. ___________, the lift stopped between the ninth and tenth floors.Key 14I tried to keep calm. I carefully put my bag on the floor of the lift ___________ rang the emergency bell once. It made a loud noise but ___________ I stopped ringing it, there was only silence. I began to get nervous, ___________ started ringing the bell again and again. ___________ I was ringing it, I heard a loud bang on the lift doors. I immediately stopped pressing the button ___________ shouted for help.___________ someone had heard me!To cut a long story short, I waited in the lift for almost an hour ___________ the lift maintenance man arrived. ___________, ___________ I had the chance to eat my noodles that night, they were completely cold. ___________ I was happy that I could eat them in my own home!Exercise 12Choose the most suitable word.1. It rained very hard ...... last Tuesday.A. inB. onC. --D. at2. As a result, we could not go out ...... that day.A. --B. inC. atD. on3. My sister was born ......February 28th ...... a leap year.A. in......onB. in......inC. on......onD. on......in4. I'll see you ...... next Wednesday.A. inB. onC. --D. at5. The landlady wants three ......rent in advance.A. monthsB. month'sC. months'D. month6. Y esterday was March the ......A. 27thB. 21thC. 11stD. 13rd7. The year 2010 will be in the ......century.A. 19thB. 20thC. 200thD. 21st8. We have a holiday ......Chinese New Y ear and ...... Christmas Day.A. for ......inB. at......onC. on......atD. in......in9. A fortnight ago, the date was December 2nd, so the date today must be .......A. 18th NovemberB. 2nd DecemberC. 16th DecemberD. 2nd January10. Of the following periods a year, a decade, a century and a millennium, the next toshortest is ......A. a centuryB. a decadeC. a millenniumD. a yearExercise 13Using the structures, combine the following events.e.g. (9:00) Peter dressed himself tidily.(9:30) He set off.After dressing himself tidily, Peter set off.Before setting off, Peter dressed himself tidily.1. (10:00) Mary went to the library.(11:00) Mary visited her grandmother.1. ____________________________________________________________2. (2005) John graduated from the University of Hong Kong.(2006) John furthered his studies abroad.2. ____________________________________________________________3. (January) Tom took a course in Chemistry.(May) Tom enrolled in a Science class.3. ________________________________________________________Exercise 14Fill in each blank with the correct form of the verb in the brackets.1. Before they _____________ the decision, they _____________ a public meeting.(make, hold)2. While May _____________, her husband _____________ dinner. (study,prepare)3. He _____________ out of school as I _____________ ready to graduate.(drop, get)4. Mary _____________ me last night after she _____________ with herparents. (call, talk)5. While he _____________ Science, the boy _____________ him. (study,interrupt)Exercise 15Complete the sentences.1. The moment she heard the bad news, _______________________.2. The minute he reached 18, he ______________________________.3. Just as she was writing the last sentence, _____________________.Exercise 16Combine the following pairs of sentences, using present or past participles. Follow the example.e.gThe neighbours heard a scream.They called the police.Hearing a scream, the neighbours called the police.1 We saw the accident.We dialled 999.______________________________________________________________2 The students felt tired.They took a rest under a tree.______________________________________________________________3 Ann was fed up with the gossip.She left the room.______________________________________________________________4 Henry did not know her number.He could not telephone her.______________________________________________________________5 They were not satisfied with the service.They decided to complain to the manager.______________________________________________________________6 Cynthia did not know what to do.She went to her best friend for advice.______________________________________________________________7 She was born into a poor family.She is used to hard work.______________________________________________________________Writing Narrative Essays Section 2 Language for narrative essaysThe Past Perfect∙When we have two past references, we are not obliged to use the simple past perfect:After I finished work, I went home.∙But we often need the past perfect for the event that happened first to avoid ambiguity:When I arrived, Ann left. (i.e. at that moment)When I arrived, Ann had left. (i.e. before I got there)∙We use the past perfect to refer to ‘an earlier past’, that is to describe the first of two or more actions:First the patient died. Then the doctor arrived.The patient had died when the doctor arrived.∙The past perfect continuous is for repeated actions or actions in progress throughout a period:He had been phoning every night for a month.He was very tired. He had been typing all day.e.g.Never had I seen such a ridiculous event before.Once/ After/ As soon as/ When we had seen the match, we went home.I feared/thought/remembered/realized/regretted that I had done something stupid. ☞Exercise 1Using connectives ☺∙conjunctions or adverbs?He was upset, however, he pretended to look happy. (wrong)He was upset; however, he pretended to look happy. (correct)Just after he had finished. It started to rain. (wrong)∙We can join two or more simple sentences to make complex sentences: The fire was discovered. The alarm was raised.The alarm was raised as soon as the fire was discovered.The alarm was raised when the fire was discovered.The alarm was raised after the fire was discovered.∙Some words can be used either as prepositions or conjunctionsafter, before, till, sinceModal Verbs∙Some modal verbs often used in narrative writing:should could mightA short narrative paragraph with different past tenses:Read the following passage. Discuss the use of different past tenses with your teacher.It was just before the Second World War. John was only 20 at the time and was living with his mother. He was working in a bank and travelling to Central every day. One morning, he received a mysterious letter. It was addressed to ‘Mr. John Chan’. The letter, which was signed, ‘A Friend’, asked John to go to The Holiday Inn during his lunch hour. All morning, he was thinking about the inn. As he arrived during the lunch time, the inn was full of people and John couldn’t recogni se anyone. He was just wondering if he should leave, when a stranger introduced himself and said he had known John’s father, who had died when Tom was a baby. The stranger explained that John’s father, George, was a secret agent in the First World War. Through this meeting, John was recruited to be a secret agent, too.Negative Patterns ☹●After negative adverbs, etc.hardly, hardly ever, never, rarely, seldom (adv) are very formal stylephrases with only: e.g. only after, only when, only thene.g. Only then did I learn the truth.Never had he seen such a terrible scene.So difficult was this problem, Einstein could not solve it.●No sooner...than, Hardly...whene.g. No sooner had I arrived than it began to rain.Hardly had I arrived when it began to rain.More about patterns with participles ✌●Present Participle1.We can use the present participle in place of and, so, etc. to join two simple sentences:e.g. I found the front door locked. I went r ound the back.I found the front door locked and went round the back.Finding the front door locked, I went round the back.2. To make a negative, we put not in front of the -ing form:e.g. I did not know his phone number. I was not able to ring him.I did not know his phone number, and/ or I was not able to ring him.Not knowing his phone number, I was not able to ring him.3. Note how we can use being in place of is or was:e.g.I was short of money. I couldn’t afford to buy it.Being short of money, I couldn’t afford to buy it.4. In place of adverb clausese.g.Since we arrived here, we have made many new friends.Since arriving here, we have made many new friends.5. Beware of the dangling subjecte.g.Turning the corner, a tile f ell off the roof. (wrong)Turning the corner, I saw a tile fall off the roof (right)●Passive/Adjectives/Past Participlese.g. He was tired of play, so he sat down to rest.(Being) tired of play, he sat down to rest.He was accustomed to rule, and he told himself to obey.Accustomed to rule, he told himself to obey.He was deceived by his friend, so he lost all hope.Deceived by his friends, he lost all hope.Three Sample Essays ✌Here are three narrative essays on the same topic about a boy who disappeared and what happened to him. Decide which essay is below average, average or above average. Pay attention to the verb forms. The topic is from Question 1 of the 1998Essay ABOY RETURNS TO WORRIED FAMILYThis morning I was lucky to be the first reporter to talk to Harry Tung since he returned home. When asked about his adventure he told me he was afraid in this experience. he will not remember this experience for his life.He said that he was going to China by ship with his mother. About three hours, they will be reached the Nasm King pier. His mother slept. Suddenly, he was hiding on ship. Unluckly, nobody saw him. His mother wake up but she cannot found him on the ship. So, his mother made sure that her son was missing. When the ship arrived the Nam King pier. his mother was going to polic station. She give all nescessary particular to the police. The police was recorded all about. After, the police help his mother to find a hotel.He said that he was hiding on ship. Luckly, a fishman help his life on 13rd may, 1988. he told the fishman. He was going from Hong Kong to Nam King with his mother. Now that, he was disappeared.Essay BThis morning I was lucky to be the first reporter to talk to Harry Tung since he returned home. When asked about his adventure he told me that it was a terrible experience.On May 9, when Harry after school, he came home as usual. Nothing wrong, just walked his daily route to go home. Suddenly, there were four strong men, rushed toward Harry and took him to a car. "The car was very small, actually there was no empty space for me to move! I schemed loudly, but nobody heard, I don't know why!" said Harry in a pity voice. Because Harry was a son of well-known businessman, those strong men want money so they also want Harry to achieve their goal.They took him to a village hut in the New Territories. No food but water. Harry's both hands and foots were tied. They phoned to his father for money. Unlucky, Harry's father was not in Hong Kong, but in Europe.When Harry's family knew Harry was missing, they called police and worried to wait for Harry's return. They only waiting and nothing they can do.Past two days, Harry was locked for two days! On May 11 mid-night, all strong men was asleep. Harry made action, he wanted to escape. "I used my teeth to tear the rope and than slightly opened the unlocked door and ran away, but I kicked a stone and the strong men awarded my escape! My escape was fail!" Four strong men felt very angry because they cannot contect to Harry's father and Harry's escape. They also fear that police found them so on May 12 morning, they took Harry to a ship and hiding him like a cargoes. Actually, they wanted to took Harry to China for easily hiding.When Harry was in a ship, he felt very afaird, he didn't known where they took him to. No hope for escape at all for he was shipping on Pacific Ocean.On May 13, when China imgration Depertment investingate the ship which hidding Harry in, Harry knew there was a chance for him to out. he cried loudly and kicked other cargoes. Imigration Depertment's staffs heard Harry's cried and found Harry out. Those four strong men knew that their goal was fail, they ran away but also arrested by the police!Harry was free and returned to his worried family. "thank God! Next time I will choose another route to come home and do not want to see another strong men again!" he laugh.*Note: There are a lot of spelling errors in this essay.Essay CThis morning I was lucky to be the first reporter to talk to Harry Tung since he returned home. When asked about his adventure he told me that he was afraid and did not know what to do at that time.Harry Tung, aged 16, the son of a well-known businessman, had lost his way when he went shopping with his parents in Causeway Bay. the police had leaved no stone unturned to find Harry Tung but all the effort was in vain."I saw a crowd of people standing at the side of the harbour. Then, I went with them to see what was happened." Harry Tung said. He was then pulled into a big ship. the ship was going to China and it had loads on it."I was frightened. I followed the man who carried loads on their back because I wanted to find the exit of the ship. I followed them up to a room and went into it. the room filled fully with loads. When I was looking at the labels on the loads with interest, the door was shut." Harry Tong said.Without rhymes or reasons, Harry Tong was shut in the room for about four days. he said he was very hungry. He could not withstand such condition because he had never been in hunger before. Loudly as he cried for help, no body came to open the door. hardly can one not felt the cold of the circumstance if one has long been in hunger.Harry Tung was found hiding on the ship yesterday. he was in China then. he was very hungry at that time and he drank some milk that was given by the man on the ship. he was sent back to Hong Kong at once.Harry Tung's parents was very happy when Harry returned home. Although Harry has lost his weight, he could return to home is a more important thing.Practice SectionExercise 1Supply the simple past or the simple past perfect.1. They __________________ the gates before I __________________ three (lock,get)2. By the time we __________________, the party __________________. (arrive,finish)3. I __________________ the shop as soon as I __________________ all the doorsand windows. (ring, check)4. After we __________________ it on the phone, I __________________ him aletter about it. (discuss, write)5. We __________________ a good rest when our guests __________________(have, all leave)Exercise 2Mark the ‘connecting ideas’ (a-h) that are expressed in the text.According to (1. ) many people I know, there are few things more terrifying than having to speak in public. The only way to succeed is to follow strict rules. First of all, (2. ) you should be well-prepared. Second, (3. ) you should have a few jokes ready. As well as that, (4. ) you should have rehearsed your speech, preferably in front of a mirror. In comparison with (5. ) being hit by a vehicle, public speaking isn’t too bad, but it’s bad enough. However, (6. ) you can make things easier for yourself by being ready. Alternatively, (7. ) you can do nothing and make a fool of yourself. To sum up, (8. ) success depends entirely on you.a. I am introducing a listb. I am making an additionc. I am pointing to a contrastd. I am stating an alternativee. I am summarisingf. I am making a second pointg. I am making a comparisonh. As stated byExercise 3Rewrite the sentences with the words given in the brackets.e.g.1. When I reached the station, the train had already left.a. (use ‘after’) I reached the station after the train had left.b. (use ‘until’) I didn't reach the station until after the train had left.c. (use ‘before’) The train (had) left before I reached the station.2. When we got to the hall, the concert had already started.a. (use 'after') ____________________________________________________b. (use 'until') ____________________________________________________c. (use 'before') ____________________________________________________3. For several years after Dick (had) left school, he worked in a zoo.a. (use 'when') ____________________________________________________4. As soon as they had finished breakfast, they ran out to play.a. (use 'after') ____________________________________________________ Key 23Exercise 4Complete these sentences with a) a noun object b) a clause1. He could not work before ____________________________________________.2. He promised to meet her after _________________________________________.3. She did not appear till ________________________________________________.4. He had been staying in the hotel since ___________________________________.Exercise 5Supply the simple past or the simple past perfect. Show when both are possible. 1.. When she __________________ the office this morning, John__________________. (ring, already go out)2. Before we __________________ Paul to the theatre, he __________________ anopera before. (take, never see)3. I __________________ the carpet when the cat __________________ in and__________________ himself. (just clean, come, shake)4. He __________________ to do the job in half an hour, but he still__________________ by 11 o’clock. (promise, not finish)5. When I __________________, she __________________. (arrive, already leave)6. When I __________________ what I __________________ to the little girl, I__________________ that I __________________ an unforgivable mistake. (see, do, realise, commit)7. The police __________________ an informer among them. That__________________ why the robbers __________________. (plant, be, catch)8. No one __________________ him the machine __________________ out of order.Therefore, he __________________ the button. (tell, be, press)9. He __________________ strange. He __________________ sure somebody__________________ there before. (feel, be, be)10. Never before __________________ (I hear) such a silly story.。
2023届高考英语书面表达各种应用文写作模板讲义(含历年高考真题)
高考英语书面表达应用文写作模板距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
一、申请信Dear xxx,I’m xxx from ________(简要介绍自己). I’m writing to apply for ______（申请的职位） for I am really interested in it.I have a great passion for （申请的职位）and I think I am qualified for it for the following reasons. First and foremost, （原因一）. There’s no doubt that ( 结果) Besides, I have similar experience （原因二）.（举例子）. It is needless to say that （结果）. What’s more, I am outgoing and patient （原因三）, so I can get on well with others（结果）. I will try my best and make full use of my talents to _________（表决心）.I would appreciate it if you take my application into consideration. I’m looking forward to your reply.Your,Li Hua2019年全国卷I假定你是李华，暑期在伦敦学习。
《实用英语写作》课程教学大纲
本科生课程大纲课程属性：公共基础/通识教育/学科基础/专业知识/工作技能，课程性质：必修、选修一、课程介绍1.课程描述：实用英语写作课程作为英语专业学生的工作技能选修课程，旨在使学生了解必要的写作基础知识和实用文体的写作技巧和方法，通过写作理论知识讲授与写作实践训练相结合，使学生系统掌握英语的句法结构，熟悉英汉思维模式的差异，培养正确的英语表达能力，同时掌握简单的英语文章的写作，了解英语各种文体的表达方式和特点，扩大词汇量和熟悉英语常用句型，提高学生运用英语表达自己思想的能力。
2.设计思路：本课程引导学生了解实用英语写作的基本知识，对比分析英汉两种语言文化特点，培养学生的语感和文化知觉，从而在写作实践中准确、恰当地使用英语表达自己的思想。
课程重点讲授以下几个方面：实用英语写作的基本规律及原则，包括写作格式、思想组织、文章体裁、篇章结构以及常见的应用文的写作方法与技巧，等等。
针对不同文体、不同领域的材料进行讲解和训练，提高学生的语言综合运用能力，有能力完成各类实用文体的写作。
教学方式上，将采取传统讲授、课堂讨论、课后练习相结合的方法，使课堂学习与课外学习有机结合起来。
课堂上教师重点讲授、引导课堂讨论、结合课堂练习和课后作业有针对性的点评和总结，- 1 -充分调动学生课外自主学习的能动性，使两者相得益彰。
本课程需要在多媒体教室上课。
二、课程目标本课程在加强英语语言基础知识和基本技能训练的同时，重视培养学生初步的写作能力，特别是常用应用文的写作能力。
通过学习，学生应达到以下几个要求：1.熟悉各类应用文的书写格式和写作方法；2.能在阅读书面材料时做笔记、回答问题、写提纲和摘要；3．能就一定的话题或提纲、表格或图示，在规定时间内写出一定长度的短文；4．能写信函、便条和简历；5．写作格式正确，表达意思清楚得体，无重大语言错误。
三、学习要求要完成所有的课程任务，学生必须：（1）按时上课,上课认真听讲，积极参与课堂讨论、随堂练习和课后写作任务。
英语写作基础讲义
Layout of Notices (5 parts)
Heading （标题） focus on the purpose; brief and clear; bold type; Use sub-headings if necessary Body （正文） with no salutation; presented in complete sentences and short paragraphs; never use contractions Name add signature for notices for public display Position（职位） Date written in Date-Month-Year/Month-Date-Year; write month in letters rather than Arabic numbers.
a) Notices for a lecture or talk should
include background information about the speaker. b) Sometimes we may need to give other details such as people who are involved, or to whom the notice is meant for, or
Sep 28, 2008
Sample 2:
Notice
The winter holiday is coming. the western teachers’ canteen will be closed from Jan. 16 to Feb. 23 , 2010. Wish you a very happy Spring Festival.
实用英语写作(practicalenglishwriting)4
how to make supporting statements 主题句及关键词确定后，开始选择和主
their country into a highly developed one. And if we don’t study, if we have no knowledge, we will be left
further behind the developed countries like America. So in order to keep up with the developed countries
and build ours into a powerful country, we should study much harder and master much more knowledge.
Knowledge is wealth. Knowledge is power.
Example:
Nowadays more and more movies of violence are produced as some people enjoy them. According to their opinion, movies of violence are exciting and therefore people easily kill their time by watching them. Some others even go further to argue that movies of violence also encourage us to take the law into our hands and to arm ourselves in case we are attacked.
英语实用应用文写作
Example 5: Email
01
Email purpose: To communicate quickly and effectively with others, both for business or personal purposes
要点二
Organized writing
The article structure should be clear, with logical relationships between paragraphs and sentences, so that readers can easily understand the author's intention.
要点三
Correct grammar and punctuation
Application writing should follow correct grammar and punctuation rules to avoid common grammar errors and inappropriate usage.
Start with a formal meeting and a brief introduction of yourself
04
Highlight your relevant experience and skills for the job
05
Express your interest in the position and why you are a good fit
03
Common types of English applied texts
Introduction
Invitation to a party or event
实用英语写作5
应用文写作----抱怨信 Directions: You bought a TV set last week but it stopped working after you had used for only a few days. Write a letter to the store and make a complaint. 1. 说明写信的事由 2. 描述问题产生的具体过程
求职信（理由） Reason 3
I feel that I am capable of performing the duties outlined in your advertisement because my education experience is in line with the requirements of the job you offer. I am twenty-three, a graduate of East China University of Science and Technology with a bachelor’s degree in business administration. During my four-year academic training, I have taken many courses such as International Trade, International Finance, Marketing, Human Resources of Management, Imports and Exports. Of these, I particularly excel in marketing and my teacher often says that I have a talent for doing this sort of work.
大学英语写作课讲义(一)
大学英语写作课讲义（一）中国地质大学（武汉）外语学院许峰Step One Writing Correct Sentences1.The Simple Sentence (简单句)A simple sentence contains but one subject and one predicate. (一个简单句仅有一个主语和一个谓语。
)e.g. John loves Mary.The subject may consist of two or more nouns, and the predicate may consist of two or more verbs. The former is called a compound subject; the latter is called a compound predicate, Thus, a simple sentence may have many nouns or many verbs; or it may have many words or phrases modifying the subject or predicate; but it has only one subject and one predicate.(主语可包含两个或更多的名词，谓语可包含两个或多个动词，分别称为复合主语和复合谓语。
这样，一个简单名子中可有多个名词或动词，也可有修饰语，但它仅有一个主语和一个谓语。
) e.g.John and Henry love Mary.John and Henry love Mary and her sister.John and Henry love Mary and her sister and give them money.2.The Compound Sentence (并列复合句)A Compound sentence is made up of two or more independent clauses connected by a coordinating conjunction, such as and , or ,nor ,but , for, yet. Each clause in a compound sentence must have a subject and a verb, is of equal importance, and can stand alone. (并列复合句是由两个或两个以上的独立分句组成，由并列连接词如and, or ,nor ,but , for ,yet等连接。
高考英语基础写作25式讲义
一、高考英语基础写作25式简介这个25式是一个万能写作语料库，可以帮助同学们达到写作高分水平，摆脱模板式写作，或者这样说考前多浏览一下，考试的时候可以达到自己想写什么就写什么，不至于写作无话可写。
二、高考英语基础写作25式1. 寒暄非常高兴回想起过去的两个月，我在贵杂志担任编辑工作。
I am quite/ particularly pleased to recall the past two months when I worked as an editor for your magazine.表高兴的形容词: happy/excited/pleased非常高兴听到一次国际会议即将于下月在我们这所大学举行的好消息。
It is quite great to hear the good news that an international conference is scheduled to be held in our university next month.2. 自我介绍作为贵报一名非常关注环境保护的忠实读者，我写信想要……As a regular/ loyal / faithful reader of your newspaper who focuses much eyesight on environmental protection, I am writing for the purpose of ....作为一名前几日在你们这家商店购买了一个电子词典的消费者，我写信想要投诉，因为我发现词典的屏幕出问题了。
As a customer who purchased an electronic dictionary from your store the other day/ several days ago, I am writing for the purpose of making a plaint, because I found there is something wrong with its screen.3. 目的：for/with the purpose of doing sth. ==to do sth.今天，我代表学生会写信想要表达我们的诚挚欢迎并提几个建议。
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17
• 搭配的重要性
• 任何一种语言，在长期使用的过程中，会形成一 种固定的词组或常见的搭配。这些比较固定的说 法，有时可以译成另一种语言，有时则不行。翻 译时，必须注意英汉两种语言中词的不同搭配。
英语中的吃法
• 吃喜酒 • attend the wedding banquet • 吃药 • take medicine • 连吃败仗 • suffer one defeat after another • 腿上吃了一枪
基本要求
1）了解英语写作的理论框架及基本知识；
2）通过基本功的训练，掌握英语写作的段落、 提纲、全文方面最基本的写作步骤和技巧，写出 主题较为明确、内容较为完善、语言较为通顺、 格式符合要求的的文章；
3）学会撰写个人简历、通知、便条、请柬等应 用文。
章次
第1章 第2章 第3章 第4章 第5章 第6章 第7章 第8章 第9章 第10章 第11章 第12章 第13章 第14章 第15章 第16章
• ask question
interrogate
• big large
huge
• 三个音节以上，抽象词
• 感情色彩不同（后一个词有感情色彩）
• country
land
• small
little
• 褒贬有别
• excess ( 中性词)
excessive（贬义词）11
• 一般词汇和具体词汇
• (具体词汇信息量大些表达力强些) • 1. a good man • kind, honest, generous慷慨的, • sympathetic有同情心的, warm-hearted热心的 • selfless, brave, honorable可敬的 • 2. good food • tasty美味的, delicious, nourishing营养的 • wholesome有益健康的, fresh, appetizing开胃
三、学时分配
章名
学时
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
写作基本技能训练
• 实力+技巧 • 掌握丰富的词汇和多变的句型 • 注意中外文化的差异，思维的不同
8• 选词 • 造句Fra bibliotek• 篇章 • 完整作文
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Unit I 词汇1
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词语的差别
• 语体差别（第1个词比后两个词口语化）
1. 教学目标
本课程以课堂讲授、课堂讨论及课内外操练等为 主要教学手段，同时利用内容新颖、丰富多样的 例段及范文进行讲解和分析，让学生学习、模仿 和参照，加强学生对每种文体写作的理解和应用， 从而掌握书面表达的基本方法和手段。《实用英 语写作》旨在使学生了解并学习英语写作的步骤、 基本原则和技巧，以及应用文的写作模式及方法。 通过该课程的学习，学生不仅可以了解各类实用 英语文书的写作要求和技巧，而且还可以更好地 了解各类英语文书应用的工作环境，掌握有效的 沟通技巧，全面提高实用英语写作能力。
• angry: irritating气人的, fiery暴躁的, distressing令人苦恼的, biting尖锐刺人的
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课堂练习
• 写出一些比下列的词义更为具体的词 • wind: • rain:
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• Key: • wind: breeze微风, 轻风, gust一阵强风,
cyclone飓风, whirlwind旋风 • rain: shower阵雨, dew露水, drizzle毛毛雨,
的
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• 3. house • mansion大厦, villa别墅, chateau城堡, • cottage村舍, bungalow平房, cabin小木屋, hut
棚屋, shack简陋的小屋, shanty铁皮棚屋, shed 棚, barn仓房 • 4. laugh • smile, grin咧嘴笑, beam面露喜色, giggle咯咯 的笑, titter窃笑,, • snigger暗笑, chuckle轻声地笑, guffaw狂笑, chortle哈哈大笑
本课程分为基础写作与应用文写作两大部分，从 基础训练起步，介绍英语写作步骤和技巧，如篇 章结构、思想组织等，从而教写段落、全文；在 应用文部分，通过大量的应用文实例，逐步了解 并学会写各类实用英语，如通知、便条、请柬、 证明、申请信函、个人简历、推荐信等，以期在 实际生活中熟练地用英语传递信息、交流思想。 本课程以提高学生综合运用能力为目标，有利于 学生培养实际能力，做到学以致用，因此实用性 强，对将来考研、就业、出国的英文应用都有很 大裨益。
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课堂练习
• 写出一些比下列的词义更为具体的词 • walk: • look at: • cry: • angry:
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• Key：
• walk: run, stroll散步, 漫步, wander漫游, 徘徊, pace踱步于, 走动, swagger大摇大摆地走路;昂 首阔步, creep蹑手蹑足地走, 缓慢地行进,
• look at: gaze凝视, 注视, peep窥视, 偷看, glance一瞥, catch sight of一下子看到, glimpse瞥见, stare视; 瞪视
• cry: sob哭泣; 啜泣, weep哭泣, wail哭叫, 哀号, shed tears流泪, moan呻吟; 悲叹, whimper (微 弱或惊恐地)啜泣,呜咽
实用英语写作(基本技能讲义)
课程简介
1. 本课程的地位与作用 2.本课程的教学目标 3.本课程的基本要求
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一、课程的地位与作用
写作是英语学习中较为重要也有一定难度的技能， 它对阅读、听力、口语都有促进作用，在日常工 作、生活中也有实用需求。本课程的开设便是为 了更好地贯彻大学英语新教学大纲的要求，使学 生在今后工作和社会交往中能用英语有效地进行 书面信息交流，提高综合文化素养，以适应我国 经济发展和国际交流的需要。该课程以英语基本 写作技巧训练为基础，结合日常生活的实际语言 需要，强化学生应用文写作的能力，以全面提升 学生的语言实际应用能力，并为今后更好地运用 英语进行学习、工作打下良好的基础。本课程实 用性强，有利于开阔学生的视野。