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高级英语Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille

conflict/struggle:
•
people --- people
people --- nature
people --- society
people --- themselves
protagonist (hero) --- antagonist (enemy)
John Koshak, Jr.--- the hurricane
• apartment building in Mississippi before and after Camille
What’s the type of the text?
• narration (the telling of a story)
• characters (people): --Pop Koshak --Grandma Koshak --John Koshak --Janis Koshak --Seven children --Charles, a friend --neighbors --pets
What is the story about?
• It describes the heroic struggle of the Koshaks and their friends against the forces of a devastating hurricane Camille.
• What does the writer focus chiefly on---developing character, action (plot), or idea (theme)?
• To learn how the writer gives a vivid description of actions in terms of lexical, sentential and textual level;

新目标大学英语综合教程1课后习题答案

Unit 1 College LifeText ALanguage in Use4.1) overlooking 2) overwhelming 3) enroll 4) keen 5) blend6) inspiration 7) frequented 8) diversity 9) passion10) incredible5.1) The Sept. 4 game between the Seahawks and the Packers kicked off this year’s football season.2) A big part of a woman’s diet should consist of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, high-fiber foods, and oily fish.3) Eleanor Roosevelt, who was a shy young girl, was terrified at the thought of speaking in public.4) Senior citizens, military veterans and businessmen make up the group of people requesting for government information in the United States.5) The schedule will make you aware of how you spend your time.6.reach a decision (达成决定) shape one’s life (塑造生活)analyze a problem (分析问题) approvea decision (通过决定)improve one’s life (改善生活) solve a problem (解决问题)1) making 2) reach 3) changed 4) shape5) enjoy 6) solve 7) analyze 8) encounter7.1) dishonest 2) illegal 3) substandard 4) irregular 5) unlock 6) incorrect 7) outnumber 8) supermarket 9) Undergraduate 10) overestimate8.1) 学习小组合作学习对应对哈佛繁重的学习任务起着重要的作用。

一如既往一的意思

一如既往一的意思“一如既往”这个词里的“一”，意思是“完全”“始终”“一直”的意思呀。

就是说某种状态、行为或者情况从过去到现在一直保持着，没有发生改变，就像一条直线似的，直直地延续下来啦。

衍生注释：“一”在这里作为副词，起到了强调的作用，强调了那种从头到尾的连贯性和一致性。

它不是指单纯的数字一哦，而是带有一种始终如一、不间断的意味。

比如说“一如既往地努力”，就是说从始至终都保持着努力的状态，没有松懈过呢。

在很多类似的词语里，“一”都有这种表示持续、连贯的意思呢。

像“一以贯之”，也是说用一种思想、原则等贯穿始终呀，这个“一”同样是强调从头到尾不变的那个劲儿。

赏析：“一如既往”这个词因为有了这个“一”，才让整个词充满了一种坚定和执着的感觉呢。

它能很形象地表达出一个人或者一件事在时间的长河里，始终保持着某种特质或者做法，给人一种靠谱、稳定的印象。

就好比一棵大树，不管风吹雨打，始终“一如既往”地扎根在那里，稳稳当当的，让人看着就觉得安心呀。

这种始终如一的感觉，在生活中可是很珍贵的呢，无论是对待友情、爱情还是工作等方面，能做到一如既往，那可都是值得点赞的哟。

作者介绍：“一如既往”其实是个常用的成语啦，它并不是某一个特定作者单独创作出来的哦。

它是在咱们汉语的长期发展过程中，经过人们不断地使用和沉淀，逐渐形成的一个固定的表达方式，用来准确地传达那种始终保持不变的意思呢。

以下是五个运用片段：例子1：我和我那好哥们儿的友情呀，那可真是一如既往地深厚呢。

从小学认识到现在，都多少年啦，我俩还是跟以前一样铁。

每次我有啥烦心事，第一个想到的就是找他倾诉。

就说上次我在工作上出了点岔子，心里别提多郁闷啦。

我给他打电话，他一听就说：“嘿，怕啥呀，兄弟我在呢！”然后就跑来陪我，给我出主意，就跟小时候我被欺负了他来帮我出头一样。

咱这感情，就像那老房子的地基，稳稳当当的，不管过了多久，都是一如既往的好呀，你说是不是很难得？例子2：我奶奶对我那可真是一如既往地疼爱呀。

1的数学符号

1的数学符号
在数学中，“1”通常可以用阿拉伯数字表示，也可以用罗马数字“Ⅰ”表示。

同时，在某些特定的数学领域或公式中，可能会用到其他的符号或表示方式，例如在概率论中可以用字母“p”表示概率等于1的情况。

因此，具体的数学符号还需要根据不同的数学领域和公式进行判断和选择。

在数学中，数字1它有多个释义，以下为其中几个常见的含义：
1. 在集合论中，1表示所有非空有限集合的个数，即第一可数序集的势。

2. 在数学逻辑中，1表示逻辑真值“真”，即所有命题的真实性。

3. 在代数中，1表示乘法单位元，任何数乘以1都等于其本身。

4. 在几何学中，1表示长度、距离等度量单位的基准值。

5. 在概率论中，1表示必然事件发生的概率，即概率为1的事件。

需要注意的是，具体的数学符号还需要根据不同的数学领域和公式进行判断和选择。

因此，对于数字1的数学符号，需要结合具体上下文来理解其含义。

新起点大学英语Unit1-Text A

这份工作非常复杂，我们可以从图纸开始。
Exercises
汉译英：今晚的作业我打算先做英语练习。
Key: Of all the homework tonight, I’m going to start with English exercises.
Reading
BACK
… if you read a daily newspaper in any major city, you’ve read the equivalent of at least four books… 如果你每天看随便哪个大城市的一份日报，那么你每天的阅读量至少相当于四本书。
Reading
BACK
译文
Para. 4
4 你是怎么看报纸的？你只看那些自己感兴趣的东西。你是怎么知道的？因为报纸有不同的版面，如果你对体育感兴趣，你只看体育版；如果你想了解商业信息，你只看商业版。即使这样，你也不会看所有的体育报道或商务文章。报纸的标题突出了文章的要点，这就方便了你的选择。另外，报纸的写作格式也使你很容易了解要点。在每一个标题下面，你通常都会看到综述要点的一段文字。这样，你便可以选择只读综述或通读全文。
Chinese
Reading
4 And how do you read a newspaper? You read only those things you are interested in. And how do you know? Because newspapers are divided into sections, you only read the sports pages if you’re
3 If you answered the first question no, and the second yes, think again, if you read a daily newspaper in any major city, you’ve read the equivalent of at least four books.

SCH英寸对照表(1)

表示英制管壁厚系列：Sch.20----全称：Schedule 20Sch.10s--带s的系列为不锈钢专用，碳钢不用。举个例子：2" sch.10s 表示2”接管的壁厚为2.9mm,材质为不锈钢；2" sch.40 表示2”接管的壁厚为4.0mm。顺便再说一下钢管壁厚的表示方法：钢管壁厚表示方法有管子表号、钢管壁厚尺寸和管子重量三种方法 1）是以管子表号"Sch"表示壁厚。管子表号是管子设计压力与设计温度下材料许用应力的比值乘以1000,并经圆整后的数值。即: Sch＝P/[σ]t×1000 ANSI B36.10壁厚等级：Sch10、Sch20、Sch30、 Sch40、Sch60、Sch80、个等级; ANSI B36.19壁厚等级：Sch5s、Sch10s、Sch40s、Sch80s四个等级; 2）以钢管壁厚尺寸表示中国、ISO、日本部分钢管标准采用 3）是以管子重量表示管壁厚度,它将管子壁厚分为三种： a.标准重量管,以STD表示 b加厚管，以XS表示 c.特厚管，以XXS表示。对于DN≤ 250mn的管子，Sch40相当于STD，DN<200mm的管子,Sch80相当于XS。
NOMINAL PIPE SIZE A B 15 1/2" 20 3/4" 25 1" 32 1.1/4" 40 1.1/2" 50 2" 65 2.1/2" 80 3" 90 3.1/2" 100 4" 125 5" 150 6" 200 8" 250 10" 300 12" 350 14" 400 16" 450 18" 500 20" 550 22" 600 24" 650 26" 700 28" 750 30" 800 32" 850 34" 900 36" 950 38" 1000 40" 1050 42" 1100 44" 1150 46" 1200 48"

一的教案幼儿园

一的教案幼儿园教学目标通过学习本课内容，幼儿应该能够：1.认识数字1；2.能够正确书写数字1；3.了解数字1的基本概念，如1只能用来表示一件事物等。

教学内容知识点1：认识数字1数字1是最基本的数字之一，它代表着具体的一种事物或数量。

在幼儿学习数字的过程中，数字1是最先学习的数字之一。

知识点2：正确书写数字1书写数字1的基本方法是：1.先画一条竖线；2.然后在竖线的上方横着画一条线，这条线可以稍微短一点；3.如果需要书写大写字母“一”，可以在竖线的上面再横着加一条相同长度的线。

知识点3：了解数字1的基本概念数字1只能用来表示一个事物或数量，不能用来表示多个事物或数量。

例如，“我有1个苹果”就是正确的说法，“我有1个苹果S”则是错误的说法。

教学方法方法1：游戏教学法设计一些简单的游戏帮助幼儿们学习数字1的概念。

比如，在幼儿园内摆放一些相同的物品，让幼儿选出只有1个的物品，并用数字1标记。

方法2：互动教学法老师在黑板上写下一些数字1相关的问题，让幼儿们一起思考并回答。

可以让更有自信的幼儿上前回答问题，让整个教学过程更加生动活泼。

方法3：故事教学法编写一些有趣的故事，让故事中的主人公使用数字1。

例如，“小红去菜市场买了1个苹果，1个橘子和1个香蕉，她很开心地回家了”。

教学效果评价通过幼儿们在教学过程中的表现和课后测试的结果来对教学效果进行评价。

例如，通过测试了解幼儿对数字1的认识程度和能否正确书写数字1等。

总结数字是孩子们生活中必须学习的内容，掌握数字1对孩子们的数字学习起到了重要的开端作用，也是幼儿们日后数字计算学习的基础。

因此，以互动教学法为主，创造出生动有趣的教学场景，让幼儿把数字学习看成是一种游戏，既能让幼儿学习数字知识，又能培养幼儿们的自信心和学习兴趣。

高一英语外研版必修一Unit 1 A New Start

Application
Lisa is a .... She told us some important high school hints. First, ... Besides, ... What's more, ... At last, ... What I have learned from her is that ...
Her attitude matters!
Application
Read the text again and retell what Lisa has shared in the interview following the outline below. 1. Introduce who Lisa is. 2. Summarize her suggestions. 3. Tell what you can learn from her.
take a trip with your classmates read as many books as possible
win an award
get to know all the schoolmates in
stand on stage at least once your grade
Presentation
Suppose you are Chairman of the Student Union. Please give a
speech to the new students on their first day at high school. 2. Organise your speech following the steps below. Talk about the problems and give your advice. Tips: You may face many problems in senior high. Firstly,...Secondly,... To solve the problems, I have some suggestions for you. To begin with,...Besides,...

1+1等于几脑筋急转弯的答案是什么

1+1等于几脑筋急转弯的答案是什么脑筋急转弯是一种人为创作的以问答形式出现的极具娱乐性的语言游戏,以其幽默的表现方式,受到大众的广泛欢迎。

1+1等于几脑筋急转弯答案是什么呢？下面店铺整理的超级有趣脑筋急转弯，希望对大家喜欢。

脑筋急转弯： 1+1等于几脑筋急转弯答案：1+1=田(两边的竖、加号十、还有等于号和起来是田)1+1=王(两个一和加号一起加起来是王)1+1=无(一个，又夹走了一个，没了)1+1=丰/卅(中间的加号边长，竖着看是卅，旋转90度就是丰) 超级有趣脑筋急转弯【经典篇】1.女人最不喜欢什么花?——答:没钱花2.小明把自己关在漆黑的房间里，不厌其烦的晾晒自己心爱的宝贝，问小明在干吗?——答:晾晒自己心爱的宝贝3.谁最不喜欢书?——答:赌徒4.什么东西最能让人满足?——答:袜子5.为什么男人总骂女人是祸水最后还是娶女人?——答:没听说过因祸得福么6.什么时候一加五等于十?——答:算盘运算的时候7.什么东西越用越有钱?——答:存钱罐8.世界上谁的头力气最大?——答:男子汉9.神的交通工具是什么?——答:宝贝10.明明一天没有吃东西，为什么我不觉得饿呢?——答:因为我不是“明明”11.什么动物天天熬夜?——答:熊猫12.有一只猪它走啊走啊走到了英国结果它变成了什么?——答:pig13.减肥绝招 (打一神话人物)——答:嫦娥14.传说中第一个嗑药嗑得飘飘欲仙被监禁的人是谁?——答:嫦娥15.为什么结婚之后的生活像潜水?——答:结婚后要忍气吞声了16.那种生活方式容易致癌?——答:宅17.有一艘船限载50人，已载49人，后来又有一孕妇上船，结果船仍沉入了水中，为什么?——答:是艘潜水艇18.一间牢房中关着两个犯人，其中一个因偷窃要关一年，另一个是抢劫杀人犯，却只关两个月，为什么?——答:再过两个月杀人犯就要被枪决了19.一般来说，你是用左手写字还是用右手写字?——答:一般来说是用笔来写字的20.什么东西生的可以吃，熟的可以吃，用刀切不开，洗过之后就没人吃?——答:水!!超级有趣脑筋急转弯【精选篇】1.脸上长什么无药可救?——答:胡子2.小明喜欢运动，有一天他在摄氏38高温大太阳下做很激烈的运动，为什么也居然不会流汗?——答:他在水里游泳3.最多人看不清楚的花是甚麽花呢?——答:眼花4.一个夜黑风高的夜晚，小明遇见一个鬼，为什么那个鬼落荒而逃?——答:因为那是个胆小鬼5.什么东西明明是你的，别人却用的比你多得多?——答:名字6.小明有很厉害的胃病，可他每天总往牙科跑，这是为什么?——答:小明是牙科医生7.一只皮球和一只铁球从高楼上掉下来，谁先落地?——答:铁球8.一只狗总也不洗澡，为什么不生虱子?——答:狗只会生小狗9.后脑勺受伤的人怎样睡觉?——答:闭着眼睛睡觉10.小明在大雨倾盆的旷野中奔跑了十分钟，为什么衣服湿了头发却没湿?——答:小明是个秃头的男人11.世界上有那一种花通常夏天是冰冷的，冬天是温热的?——答:豆腐花12.红螃蟹好吃还是黑螃蟹好吃?——答:红螃蟹，因为黑螃蟹没熟超级有趣脑筋急转弯【精简篇】1. 当今社会，个体户大都靠什么吃饭?【答案：靠嘴巴】2. 纸上写着某一份命令。

商务英语综合教程1课后翻译

Unit one2. (1)Fiat launched a tiny “city car” especially for Europe’s narrow, crowed streets.(2) The rain forest theme products tap into consumer’s interest in the environment.(3) The company might target its efforts on preferred locations like India or Thailand(4) A strong president would further erode the power of the Congress.(5) Most of the measures will be phased out next year.(6) Government securities have traditionally yielded less than stocks.3.(1) on December 8th,2009, president Barack Obama launched a set of proposals to address unemployment and made it clear that he wanted to tap into some of the unspent funds( money set aside to support filing banks) to help pay for them. No precise figure was given. Some 50$ billion will be spent on infrastructure projects. But the effort represents a broad push to support small business.(2) America’s recent recession has hit small business hard. The very small, with fewer than 50 workers---employing almost one-third of working Americans ---have suffered around 45% of the job losses of the downturn.(3) Unfortunately, helping small business has not proved easy. The stimulus package passed last spring offered tax benefits and targeted the flow of credit to small business. The results were disappointing. The main problem with small business is lending. Obama’s recent plan is likely to scratch the surface if he does not tackle credit crunch.Unit two2. (1) Death does not discriminate. It eventually comes to everyone, making no exception for those more or less fortune, or those with good or bad fame.(2) T he 2008 presidential election of American is under the world’s spotlight because of the participation of female and African American candidates for the first time. Though the final outcome is still hard to anticipate, the election itself is changing not only the way American perceive themselves, but also how the rest of the world perceives America.(3) No matter what background or experience he may have, nobody should recoil from pursuing his own dream. Because we are convinced that freedom, equity and the pursuit of happiness are our rights.(4) More and more Chinese brands aspire to go global. This clearly conveys a message: the quality, design and management expertise of Chinese brands are constantly improving.3. V ariety is the spice of life. So, since a man shaves about 20,000 times in a lifetime, the desire for adventure may be the only thing that can drive away boredom. Instead of growing a “glamorous”beard, current styles leave a lot of room for hair experiments. The classic facial hair fashion is designer stubble or “three-day-growth”. The skin can still be seen under the short stubble, lending a manly appearance with relatively little care and expense. The key is to look grooming, not scruffy. However, it does not always make a good impression if you are in daily contact with customers. In contrast, the somewhat more conventional beard style can always win points.Unit three3. (1) Our car wound its way through the mountain. Beautiful scenery was everywhere to be seen on the road; we couldn’t help but be impressed.(2) After elaborate arrangements, Beijing Olympic opening ceremony unfolded s visual banquet to the world.(3) The annual environment conservation campaigns aim to restore the delicate balance between man and nature.(4) The article gives us a real sight into the cause of present food crisis.(5) The moment Wenchuan earthquake was reported, the Red Cross was flooded with calls about donations.(6) The ancient architectures and the modern ones complement each other, adding a special charm to the city.4. The middle class increasingly forgoes bicycles--- the environmentally friendly and energy efficient transport--- in favor of the car. Some four million bikes now compete for road space with more than two million cars. A quick glance at the newly constructed overpasses and ring road has clearly shows which means of transport has been getting priority. Fewer and fewer people are riding bikes because of the inconvenience and the increased dangers that cars bring to the road. However, the improvement in the state economy, the traffic situation and city management does not mean that we should say a final and complete farewell to the bicycle. Some people will still choose this non-polluting, small and green transport tool.Unit four3. (1) “These days I often recall the tough times before, thus I can be cool-headed inthe face of success,” said the founder and CEO of the company.(2)The primary issue in the current situation is to keep the prices steady; otherwise if the market panics, the consequence is beyond imagination.(3) To launch this service in the region will pay off in the long run, though the initial investment is big.(4) To make maximal profits with minimal cost has long been the objective for some companies. Now environment factors make them to rethink about it.(5) The public want to see issues like narrowing the gap between rich and poor and tackling urban housing problems prioritized by the government.(6) Home work burdens greatly restrict children’s opportunities for playing, and do harm to their development.(7) Sex set Hillary apart from all the other candidates for presidency and won her support of many female voters.4. The boom in consumer spending, now in its 12th year, has weathered many shocks that have hit the Us economy, including terrorist attacks, the 2001 recession, and a series of corporate scandals. Resilient household demand has not only sustained domestic growth but has also played a key role in supporting the global economy. Some observers, however, have viewed the surge in consumer spending with apprehension. The personal saving rate has fallen to historic lows, and consumer debt levels have risen. This has led to concern that the rise in private consumption may not be sustainable and that a subsequent weakening could throw the recovery off track. So are US consumers living beyond their means?Unit five2. (1) his speech instilled enthusiasm and confidence into the audience.(2) Intent on her work, Helen ignored the noise outside the room and did not turn to see who was coming in(3) He contended that the main issue was not being addressed.(4) Intimidated, the witness kept his mouth shut for seven years. But now he feels he could no longer turn his eyes away from facts.(5) Mother Theresa remained a woman of great humanity despite all the attention and praise for her work.(6) I wouldn’t underestimate the obstacle if I were you---the situation is more frustrating than you think.3. The Chinese want to do business with individuals---not companies--- socultivating friendships is crucial. Rather than cutting to the chase, the Chinese prefer a courtship filled with get-to-know-you banter and big banquets full of mysterious delicacies. Thus, like other Americans, Deane had to rein in his “get the deal done and move on to the next one” philosophy. And nearly every time he visits his manufacturers in Foshan, they insist on taking him on long drives in the countryside, often recovering ground he’s admired on previous trips. “they want to spend time with you,”Deane explains. “they want to get to know you”.Saxon also says that the Chinese take a long-term view and aren’t risk-takers. The society is less individualistic than America’s, So the Chinese aren’t big on confrontation. He highlights the Chinese belief in the “middle way”, a form of compromise, which means they may insist on working out an agreement rather than taking no for an answer. For an American, this translated into fostering respect, including stifling open criticism.Unit six2(1) Today’s society is full of theories which claim to be authoritative but turn out to be self-contradictory. Instead of being repeatedly tempted to believing them, I would rather keep a sober mind, think independently, and then make my own judgment. (2) Because of his profound insight into the shock of cultural diversity on human mind, he was nominated as candidate for this year’s Nobel Prize for Literature. No matter he is going to win the prize or not, he is already held in high esteem in his home country, and meanwhile plays an important role in the protection of intangible cultural heritage around the world.(3) After long time research, economists discovered that the financial institutes in this country bear a strong relationship with the government. The latter turns out to be the biggest buyer of the country’s financial products.(4) Courtesy is the essence of Chinese food culture. It is estimated that Chinese spend twice or more time on a formal dinner than Europeans.3. One of the greatest things about travelling around the world is all of the wonderful food you get to try. Watch yourself when you start to reach for that food, though, or you just might offend someone. When it comes to table manners, what works in one country doesn’t always go over in another.The United States has its own special dining customs that visitors should know about before sitting down to a meal. For example, when food starts to arrive, you can’t just dig in. it’s considered rude to start eating before everyone at the table hasreceived his or her meal.Once you start to chew down, it’s important to remember to keep yo ur elbows off the table and keep your mouth closed as you chew. One last tip for American dining is never to pick up you bowl or plate as you eat. This is considered rude beyond all belief.If you think Americans are picky about the table manners, think about Taiwan’s (china) customs. The list of rules is equally long. Y ou cannot stick chopsticks upright in your bowl of rice. Furthermore, you should never gesture with your chopsticks. For some visitors, using chopsticks is challenging enough without the rules of what you can and can’t do with themUnit 72.(1)it’s five years since she was lost but she still haunts his dr eams(2).Science empowers man to control natural forces more effectively .(3).Those students implicated in the cheating have been severely punished.(4).The environment is different between the university and the middle school, but the freshmen have adapted themselves to new conditions very soon.(5).The more he thought about it, the more confused he became.3. Recent study shows that the number of courses on ethics in the top 50 business schools have quintupled in the past 20 years . However, only half of these schools take ethic education as one of the requirements for graduation.The incident of group cheating at Duke University’s Fuqua School of Business in the US has aroused intense concern among students. Those who were expelled in this case all come from Asia. They have been in the US for less than a year and have little knowledge about the honor code of universities or the judicial procedures in the US. These Asian students admitted the fault but did not lodge a protest, which is also attributed to their cultural backgrounds. According to the experts, foreign students have different opinions in defining cooperation on the university campuses in the US. The universities have a special obligation to those students. The ethic education in the business schools used to emphasize “no lying”, “no cheating” and “no stealing”. The concept of ethics is changing with the actual situation in the business world. Business ethics do only have a bearing on personal decision making, but also extend to the social, economic and environmental responsibilities of the enterprises, with the “sustainable” development as the main concern.Unit 82. (1) there is no alternative: the president must approve the bill if Congress passes it.(2) The Amish have long been renowned for making ordinary soil magically productive.(3) In fact, the reason why manufacturing powers subsidize their enterprises on energy price is that energy price is a complex political and social issue.(4) 110-year-old Peking University is constantly reviewing its course structures to cater to the ever-changing student roll.(5) About 200 visiting students from china’s quake-hit Sichuan Province wound up their vacation in Russia and set out home.(6) Carbohydrates are abundant in starchy foods, and are converted in the body into glycogen, which is then stored in the muscles and liver.(7) People that illegally obtain personal information also incur criminal penalties, under the draft submitted yesterday to Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress.(8) Governments at all levels must encourage the use of energy-saving technology and facilities by offering policy incentives such as an exemption of taxes.3. But by the spring of 2008, the financial world seemed to be coming undone, unemployment was rising, and among the fashionistas, cheap was the new black. Consumer prices in the US fell at a breathtaking annual rate of nearly 13% in the last three months of 2008. Prices plummeted for all sorts of goods, ranging from clothing to TVs to furniture, as retailers advertised sale after sale. But deflation missed big chunks of the economy. For all of 2008, college tuition and fees increased by 5.8%, followed closely by price increases for hospitals and legal services. Finance is one service sector where prices are falling, in part because banks lent so heavily in housing. For economics, overcapacity is a tricky concept. Human wants are unlimited, so how could the world ever produce too much of a good thing? The key is what people can pay: in many good sectors, prices still aren’t low enough to bring forth enough buyers. There will have to be some combination of falling prices and destruction of productive capacity before supply and demand come back into balance.。

新视野大学英语第三版1课文1-6中英文对照

Unit1Toward a brighter future for all奔向更加光明的未来1Good afternoon! As president of the university, I am proud to welcome you to this university. Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers. Here at the university, we pledge to make your educational experience as rewarding as possible.1 下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。

你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。

在这所大学里，我们承诺将使你们学有所成。

2 In welcoming you to the university, I am reminded of my own high school graduation and the photograph my mom took of my dad and me. "Pose naturally," Mom instructed us. "Wait!" said Dad, "Let's take a picture of me handing him an alarm clock." The clock woke me up every morning in college. It is still on my office desk.2 在欢迎你们到来的这一刻，我想起自己高中毕业时的情景，还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。

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经济区环线高速公路德阳至简阳段DJTJ3标段1#钢筋加工场建设方案编制：审核：批准：中铁建大桥工程局集团第五工程德简高速公路DJTJ3项目经理部二〇一七年三月目录一、编制依据 (1)二、编制目的 (1)三、工程概况 (1)1、概述 (1)2、主要工程数量 (2)3、施工条件 (2)四、钢筋加工场建设方案 (3)（一）设置原则 (3)（二）选址情况 (3)（三）钢筋加工场总体规划 (3)1、钢筋加工场布置 (3)2、钢筋加工场建设要求 (4)（四）钢筋加工场基础建设 (4)1、平整场地 (4)2、排水沟修砌 (5)3、钢筋顶棚的搭设 (5)4、场地硬化 (5)（五）钢筋加工场各区建设 (6)1、原材料存放区 (6)2、钢筋下料、加工区 (6)3、半成品、成品存放区 (6)4、标志标牌。

(6)5、机械加工设备要求 (7)五、安全管理体系，安全管理措施 (8)1、安全生产目标 (8)2、安全管理组织机构 (8)3、安全生产保证措施 (9)4、施工用电安全保护措施 (10)5、消防保证措施 (10)6、施工机械安全操作规程 (11)六、质量保证体系 (12)1、钢筋加工 (12)2、钢筋骨架绑扎成型 (14)3、钢筋骨架保护层厚度控制 (15)4、钢筋防锈 (15)七、环保、水保的方针与目标合保证措施 (16)1、组织管理措施 (16)2、施工噪声防治措施 (16)八、文明施工措施 (17)九、其他 (18)1#钢筋加工场建设方案一、编制依据1、国家、交通主管部门发布的与工地建设相关的文件、标准、规、规程和指南；2、《施工标准化实施细则》（中铁建德简高速公路二0一六年三月）；3、现场勘测调查资料；4、德简高速公路项目指导性施工组织设计；5、我公司的相关管理制度。

二、编制目的1、为规德简高速公路DJTJ3标工地建设管理，改善参建人员生产、生活环境，充分采用集约化施工措施，优化资源配置，落实安全、环保、水保管理理念，保证工程质量，提升管理水平和展现中国铁建文明施工形象。

2、本方案是中国铁建大桥工程局集团德简高速公路DJTJ3标1#钢筋加工场建设施工的指南，施工过程中无特殊情况均应满足本方案要求。

三、工程概况1、概述经济区环线高速公路德阳至简阳段起于德阳市北部黄许镇，止于在建的成安渝高速公路，与经济区环线高速公路南段简阳至浦江段顺接。

全线设计为双向六车道高速公路标准，设计速度为120Km/h，路基宽度为整体式路基33.5m、分离式路基宽17m。

三标起点为垭口隧道起点（桩号为K111+900），终点为龙兴互通终点（桩号为K118+445），路线长度6.545km。

2、主要工程数量主要工程容：隧道0.54km/1座，互通立交1座（主线0.91km），主线大中桥1.81km/6座，涵洞6座，天桥3座，路基3.22km，挖方214.1万m³，填方54.9万m³。

本合同段路基附属工程包括植草护坡、拱形骨架护坡、脚墙基础浆砌片石防护、三维网喷播植草护坡、挂双网喷射有机基材、锚杆框架、护肩、挡土墙、排水沟、急流槽、边沟、盲沟、截水沟、土路肩排水。

3、施工条件⑴气候条件本项目位于盆地中部，平原的北东至南区，呈扇形布设，属亚热带湿润季风气候。

四季分明，夏无酷暑，冬无严寒，冬春两季干旱少雨，极少冰雪，年平均气温16.7℃。

年平均日照时数1071小时，年均降水量在1000毫米以上，雨水集中在7、8两个月。

⑵工程地质水文条件区属长江水系、沱江流域。

沱江流域为典型的树枝状水系，支流密布，发源于川西北九顶山南麓，绵竹市断岩头大黑湾。

⑶对外交通条件项目区域交通运输以公路为主，拟建线路沿线主要有集三路和中广路，另外还分布有一些县乡道路，基本能满足区域与外界联系的交通条件，局部路段需要修筑一定的便道。

四、钢筋加工场建设方案（一）设置原则钢筋加工场选址应远离地质自然灾害区域，用地合法，周围无塌方、滑坡、落石、泥石流、洪涝等自然灾害隐患，无高频、高压电源及油、气、化工等其他污染源。

满足安全、环保、水保的要求，交通、通讯便利，水电设施齐全。

综合考虑本标段主要构造物分布、运输、通电和通水条件等特点，尽量靠近主体工程施工部位，做到运输便利、经济合理；并远离生活区、居民区，尽量设在生活区、居民区的下风向。

（二）选址情况根据设置原则和DJTJ3标现场实际条件综合考虑，将1#钢筋加工场设在垭口隧道出口（主线桩号K112+600）右侧。

1#钢筋加工厂主要为垭口隧道的钢筋加工场地，加工钢筋总量为3220.395T。

钢筋加工场用地为临时征地，用地合法，距主线距离10m，利用1#便道进出施工场地。

钢筋加工场与拟建高速公路平面位置图见附件1钢筋加工场位置关系图。

（三）钢筋加工场总体规划1、钢筋加工场布置1#钢筋加工场位于K112+600线路左侧,占地面积为3亩，采用封闭式管理。

设原材存放区、钢筋下料区、加工制作区、半成品存放区、成品待检区、合格成品区、生活区等，各区域分开标识布置。

钢筋加工厂用电由垭口隧道变压器接入，并配备120KW发电机一台，钢筋加工厂用水来源于场外深水井。

2、钢筋加工场建设要求⑴钢筋加工厂地面做硬化处理并做好散水，钢筋加工棚面积满足施工需要；⑵钢筋加工棚采用钢结构搭设，其立柱基础采用标号不小于C20混凝土浇筑；⑶顶棚采用固定式拱形防雨棚搭设，高度不小于7米，顶棚四周应伸出围蔽墙体不少于1.5米，并设置避雷及防风的保护措施。

⑷棚按照使用功能分为：原材存放区、钢筋下料区、加工制作区、半成品存放区、成品待检区、合格成品区；⑸棚设置堆放钢筋原材型钢垫枕，间距不大于3m；⑹棚必须配置消防器材。

⑺严格按照规定对现场材料进行标识，标识容包括材料名称、产地、规格、检验状态等，并根据不同的检验状态和结果采用统一的材料标识牌进行标识。

⑻钢筋加工厂醒目位置设置工程公示牌、平面布置图、安全生产牌、消防保卫牌、管理人员及监督牌、文明施工牌等标志牌。

（四）钢筋加工场基础建设1、平整场地人工配合挖掘机或推土机，将场地杂物清除干净，对于拐角及机械不能触及的地方人工平整，清理出的垃圾不得任意抛洒，要集中清理，倾倒在指定位置，场便道及钢筋原材料堆放区需将场地反挖压实，厚度控制在30cm。

2、排水沟修砌在场地周围设置50cm×50cm排水沟，排水沟采用12cm厚砖修砌，壁抹2cm厚M10水泥砂浆，顶面采用钢筋混凝土盖板覆盖。

3、钢筋顶棚的搭设钢筋顶棚采用固定式拱形防雨棚搭设，高度不小于7米，四周用活动夹芯板封闭，并在距地面1.5m处每隔5m设置一扇窗，保证钢筋棚的采光。

钢筋棚由材料设备部到厂家订购，由供应厂家进行现场安装，项目部协助施工。

4、场地硬化钢筋加工厂场硬化用混凝土，硬化标准为20cm厚C20砼，主要运输道路应采用30cm厚的C20混凝土硬化，基础不好的道路增设碎石掺石屑垫层。

场预设1.5%排水坡度，保证场无积水。

①场地整平碾压密实后，进行面层混凝土硬化的浇筑施工。

在施工前根据现场实际尺寸划分施工面，放出控制桩，按每5m间距设置一排控制桩，在控制桩上放出混凝土面的顶面标高。

②模板安装时，根据控制桩的标高，拉线辅助模板进行安装，沿着线条进行布置和加固，并保证模板安装稳定与线条顺直。

③安装好模板后，进行混凝土浇筑，采用人工整平和振动器振捣。

用平板振动器进行振捣收面，然后用滚筒架设在两侧的模板面来回滚动两次，待表面初凝时，人工用灰刀进行压光收面。

另外，对需要拉毛的地方，在其表面抹面平整后及时对混凝土表面进行拉毛。

④施工缝的处理，在施工中由于其他原因而不能进行浇筑施工处，按施工缝进行处理。

对地坪混凝土的伸缩缝，按10m长度进行设置，要保证通缝，缝间填塞泡沫板。

当混凝土达到一定强度后，及时按5m长度进行胀缝切割。

伸缩缝和胀缝的施工要保证线条顺直。

（五）钢筋加工场各区建设1、原材料存放区原材料存放分区设置进场材料标示牌，严格按照现场材料进行标识，标识容包括材料名称、产地、规格、检验状态等，并根据不同的检验状态和结果采用统一的材料标识牌进行标识。

2、钢筋下料、加工区钢筋下料、加工制作区分开并设置标示标牌，在下料区、制作区悬挂钢筋的设计大样图，标明尺寸、部位，确保下料及加工准确。

在相关机械处悬挂机械操作安全规定公示牌（即安全操作规程）和设备标示牌。

焊接、切割、使用氧气、乙炔等易燃易爆场所设置禁止、警告标志。

3、半成品、成品存放区场地规划半成品及成品存放区。

成品、半成品隔离，对加工完成的成品、半成品钢筋，按其检验状态、检验结果和使用部位等进行分类存放并标识。

4、标志标牌。

⑴加工场醒目位置设置工程公示牌、施工平面布置图、安全生产牌、消防保卫牌、管理人员及监督牌、文明施工牌等明示标示。

⑵焊接、切割场所设置禁止标志、警告标志。

木工加工区设置禁止标志。

安全通道设置禁止标志。

使用氧气、乙炔等易燃易爆场所设置禁止标志和明示标志。

加工场出入口和场设置禁止和警告标志。

用电场所设置警告标志。

易发生火灾场所设置安全警告标志。

消防器材放置场所设置提示标志。

各作业区设置区标识牌。

⑶机械设备位置悬挂安全操作规程和设备标识牌。

⑷各种原材料、半成品或成品按其检验状态与结果、使用部位等进行标示。

标示容包括材料名称、产地、规格型号、生产日期、出厂批号、进场日期、检验状态、进场数量、使用单位等，并根据不同的检验状态和结果采用统一的材料标识牌进行标示。

⑸钢筋加工区悬挂各号钢筋的打样设计图，表明尺寸、部位，确保下料及加工准确。

⑹钢筋加工场管理人员和作业人员统一制服，挂牌上岗。

5、机械加工设备要求为满足钢筋加工的精确度，采用数控钢筋加工设备（数控弯曲机、数控弯框机）安装调试简便，可靠性高，安全性能好。

操作人员熟悉本机构造、性能及保养规程，熟练掌握机械设备的操作规程。

金属加工工作台要稳固，卷扬机安装牢固、稳定，防止受力时倾斜和位移。

施工现场各类试验设备定期检查。

具体投入设备详见钢筋加工场投入机械设备表。

钢筋加工场投入机械设备五、安全管理体系，安全管理措施在施工过程中始终贯彻“安全第一，预防为主，综合治理”的方针，建立健全安全环保管理组织机构，完善安全生产保证体系，确定安全目标，制定安全措施，做好施工中的安全工作。

1、安全生产目标杜绝发生一般及以上安全责任事故。

2、安全管理组织机构成立以钢筋加工场负责人、技术主管、安检负责人员组成的安全领导小组，设置专职安全员，领导和组织实施钢筋加工场的施工安全管理，确保安全生产目标的实现。

3、安全生产保证措施（1）严格执行国家、上级有关部门法律法规及公司安全生产的各项规章制度。

（2）对各工种进行安全操作规程教育，做好岗前培训和安全、技术交底工作，并定期进行安全教育。

（3）每月组织安全生产大检查，积极配合上级进行专项和重点检查。