宾语从句

back , please let me know . A. he comes , will come B. will he come , comes C. he will come , comes D. he will come , will come
宾 语 从 句
The Object Clause
Steve.liu
1. I
主语
know him . （简单句）
谓语 宾语
2. I
主语 主
know who
谓语 句
he
is （复合句） .
引导词 从句主语 从在复合句中作主句的宾语。
句子结构： 主句 + 引导词+ 宾语从句
注意：下列情况只能用whether 1. 在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中。 e.g. I don’t know whether it is going to rain or not. 2.在动词不定式之前只能用whether 。 e.g. He hasn't decided whether to go。 3. 在介词后，只能用whether。 It depends on whether it will rain tomorrow。
宾语从句由三类词来引导： 1）that 引导 2）if 或whether 引导 3）连接代词（what；who； which； whose等）或连接副词（when； where； why；how等 引导
一、引导词（连词） 1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定 句）, 连词由that引导, 因为that在从句中不作 任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语 或非正式文体中常省略。 1. 2. He said, “You are younger than I ”.
注意：在反义疑问句中，若陈述句为含有宾语 从句的复合句，且该从句使用了否定转移， 附加疑问句的主语，谓语应和从句的主语， 谓语一致。如果主句是否定式，附加疑问句 要用肯定式。 I don’t think he can drive a car，can he？
3. 连词 if 和 when 在不同从句中的区别： C 1). Do you know if ______back next week ? If he ______
4. The teacher said Japan is in the east of Asia .
3.注意：当从句陈述的是客观事实或普遍 真理时，从句用一般现在时，不受主句时 态的影响。 1. The teacher said that the earth goes/travels around the sun . 2. The teacher said the sun rises from the east and sets in the west . 3. The teacher said the light travels/runs faster than the sound.
He said (that) I was younger than him.
He says, “Tom is a good student ”. He says (that) Tom is a good student.
She knows that she should study hard. I hope that you will like this present.
C we will have a sports 4. Does anybody know ______ meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that
5. I wonder _______ B he is crying now .
三、时态
1. 当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据实际情 况采用任何一种时态。
He says
he will ask Jim a question. I am a good friend. he isn’t feeling well now. he came back last night. he has been here twice before.
3.注意：当从句陈述的是客观事实或普遍 真理时，从句用一般现在时，不受主句时 态的影响。 1. The teacher said that the earth goes/travels around the sun . 2. The teacher said the sun rises from the east and sets in the west . 3. The teacher said the light travels/runs faster than the sound.
A they did it . 2. We don't know ______ A. how B. who C. what D. which B Jim can come back on 3. The teacher asks us ____ time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time
4.宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用 whether 。 e.g. Whether we should take the children to the park isn’t clear。
2. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由原特殊 疑问词（连接代词或连接副词）引导，因 为特殊疑问词在从句中担任一定的句子成 分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略。
3. Which book should I read first ?
Please tell me .
Please tell me which book I should read first .
4. Light travels faster than sound .
Our teacher told us in yesterday’s class. Our teacher told us (that) light travels faster than sound in yesterday’s class .
I don’t care __________ whether he’ll stay here or no .
6. 连词+宾语从句
连词+to do
I don’t know what I shall do next .
I don’t know what to do next .
She didn’t decide which one she would choose .
从 句 的 句 式
陈 述 句
引导词 that if (whether) 特殊疑问词 to+动词原形
一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 祈使句
肯定句
否定句 not to+ 动词原形 He said to me, “Open the door, please!” He asked/told me to open the door.
She didn’t decide which one to choose .
Please tell me whom you’ll give the letter to .
Please tell me whom to give the letter to .
1. The young man asked _____ D it's summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether
A. that
B. why
C. how
D. when
6. Have you found out ______ A we can do on Hainan Island ? A. what B. how C. if D. whether 7. Lily said _______ B she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D. where 8. I don’t know ______ D he still lives here . A. where B. what C. when D. whether
1. 2. He asked, “Where do you live?”
He asked where I lived.
“How can we get to the post-office?” he asked.
He asked how they could get to the post-office.
He asked if/whether they would go visit the Great Wall.
I am not sure if/whether my mother will come back tomorrow. Danny wanted to know if/whether her mother liked the bag.
4. The teacher said Japan is in the east of Asia .
四：宾语从句的否定前移
如果主句的谓语动词表示“猜测；相信；认为” 等概念，如：think，believe，suppose， expect等，其后的宾语从句表示否定意义时， 通常将否定转移到主句的谓语动词上，即主句 的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯 定式。 e.g. I don’t think you can understand me。
5. 如果从句中含有or或or not时，只能 用whether而不用if.
whether Could you tell me ________