2015-03-08-四旬期之革新与庆祝-StIgnatiusChurch
英语四级作文 圣诞节
英语四级作文圣诞节The history of Christmas can be traced back to ancient Rome, where the festival of Saturnalia was celebrated in mid-December. During this time, people would exchange gifts, decorate their homes with greenery, and engage in feasting and revelry. With the spread of Christianity in the 4th century, Roman authorities decided to Christianize the pagan festival and celebrate the birth of Christ instead.In the early years of Christianity, there was no fixed date for the celebration of Christmas. It wasn't until the 4th century that December 25th was chosen as the official date. This decision was based on various factors, including the desire to replace pagan festivals with Christian ones and the belief that Jesus was conceived on March 25th and therefore born nine months later.Over the centuries, Christmas has evolved into a global celebration with a rich tapestry of traditions and customs. One of the most iconic symbols of Christmas is the Christmas tree. It is believed to have originated in Germany in the 16th century and was popularized by the British royal family in the 19th century. Today, millions of households around the world decorate a Christmas tree with lights, ornaments, and tinsel as a centerpiece of their holiday celebrations.Another beloved tradition is the exchange of gifts. This tradition has its roots in the biblical story of the three wise men who brought gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh to the baby Jesus. Today, people give and receive gifts as a way to show love and appreciation for one another. It is common for families and friends to exchange presents on Christmas morning or during holiday gatherings.Christmas carols are another integral part of the holiday season. These traditional songs, often accompanied by musical instruments, are sung in churches and homes during the weeks leading up to Christmas. They celebrate the joy and meaning of the holiday and bring people together in a spirit of unity and harmony.Perhaps the most cherished tradition of Christmas is the gathering of family and friends. Many people travel long distances to spend the holiday with loved ones, sharing meals, laughter, and memories. It is a time to reconnect, reflect on the past year, and create new memories that will last a lifetime.The significance of Christmas goes beyond its historical and cultural significance. It is a time to celebrate the birth of Jesus Christ, who Christians believe is the Son of God and the Savior of the world. His birth represents hope, love, and redemption for humanity. Christmas is a reminder of the divine gift of salvation and the importance of faith, forgiveness, and compassion.In conclusion, Christmas is a global celebration that brings people together in joy and love. Its history, traditions, and significance make it a cherished holiday for billions of people around the world. Whether through the exchange of gifts, the singing of carols, or thegathering of loved ones, Christmas is a time to rejoice and reflect on the true meaning of the holiday.。
高中英语文化传承意义单选题50题
高中英语文化传承意义单选题50题1. Which of the following festivals is known for giving thanks and having a big feast?A. ChristmasB. ThanksgivingC. HalloweenD. Easter答案：B。
本题考查对西方节日的了解。
Christmas（圣诞节）主要是庆祝耶稣诞生和互赠礼物。
Thanksgiving 感恩节）以感恩和丰盛的聚餐闻名。
Halloween（ 万圣节）是关于装扮和讨糖果。
Easter（ 复活节）与宗教和春天的象征有关。
2. In China, which festival is associated with family reunions and eating mooncakes?A. Spring FestivalB. Mid-Autumn FestivalC. Dragon Boat FestivalD. Lantern Festival答案：B。
此题考查中国传统节日。
Spring Festival（春节）特点是拜年、红包等。
Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节）人们通常团聚并吃月饼。
Dragon Boat Festival（ 端午节）会赛龙舟、吃粽子。
Lantern Festival 元宵节）看花灯、吃元宵。
3. Which festival is celebrated by lighting lamps and flying lanterns?B. HanukkahC. Bonfire NightD. Valentine's Day答案：A。
这道题考不同文化中的节日。
Diwali（ 排灯节）会点灯和放孔明灯。
Hanukkah 光明节）以点燃烛台为特色。
Bonfire Night 篝火之夜）主要是篝火活动。
Valentine's Day（ 情人节）侧重于情侣之间表达爱意。
欧美狂欢节庆祝前四旬苦行的盛会
欧美狂欢节庆祝前四旬苦行的盛会一、前言在欧美文化中，庆祝节日的方式多种多样，其中狂欢节作为一种特殊形式的庆祝活动备受关注。
然而，鲜为人知的是，在狂欢节之前，有一个持续四十天的苦行期，称为“庆祝前四旬苦行的盛会”。
本文将介绍欧美狂欢节庆祝前四旬苦行的盛会的起源、特色以及它在当代社会中的地位。
二、起源盛会的起源可以追溯到古代基督教的传统。
在欧美文化中，基督教占据主导地位，因此这一传统在欧美国家中得到了广泛传承。
庆祝前四旬苦行的盛会起源于罗马帝国时期的宗教仪式，后来随着基督教的发展，逐渐形成了现代狂欢节庆祝活动的前奏。
三、特色1. 宗教信仰的体现庆祝前四旬苦行的盛会作为基督教的宗教仪式，其核心是对信仰的虔诚和反思。
在这四十天的苦行期间，参与者会进行禁食、祈祷和忏悔等活动，以表达他们对上帝的敬畏和对罪恶的忏悔。
2. 自我克制的精神在庆祝前四旬苦行的盛会中，参与者会暂时放弃各种享乐和娱乐活动，如音乐会、聚会等，以展示自我克制的精神。
这种自我克制的行为不仅是对苦行期的尊重，也是对自我修养的追求。
3. 社区凝聚力的提升庆祝前四旬苦行的盛会是一个集体活动，在这期间，参与者会通过共同经历的方式加深彼此之间的联系。
各种宗教仪式、祈祷会和修行活动可以让人们感受到彼此的支持和关爱，从而增强社区的凝聚力。
四、在当代社会中的地位随着时代的变迁和社会价值观的改变，庆祝前四旬苦行的盛会在欧美社会中的地位发生了一定的变化。
从原本的宗教仪式逐渐演变成了一种庆祝活动的前奏。
人们在庆祝前四旬苦行的盛会期间，会参与各种社交活动、假日庆祝和摆设装饰等，以展示自己对庆祝活动的热情和参与度。
然而，即使在现代社会，庆祝前四旬苦行的盛会仍然保留着一定的宗教意义。
虽然活动形式变得更加多样化，但信仰和反思的核心价值依然存在。
许多人依然重视这一期间的自我克制和心灵净化，将其作为修身养性的机会。
五、结论欧美狂欢节庆祝前四旬苦行的盛会，作为一种具有悠久历史的传统活动，既有宗教信仰的体现，也有自我克制的精神，更有社区凝聚力的提升。
Holy+Days+to+Holidays
Protestantism (16th C): enjoyment separated from belief. Secularisation (19th/20th C): enjoyment triumphs over belief. Leisure society (21st C)
狂歡節和四旬齋之間的爭鬥
St Andrew (Scotland)
In Shakespeare‟s play „Henry V‟ the English troops are rallied with the cry “God for Harry, England and St George”.
St Patrick (Ireland)
/wiki/Valentine's_Day /Saint-Valentine.aspx
Mother‟s Day (4
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Sun. of Lent)
History of Mothering Sunday Centuries ago it was considered important for people to return to their home or 'mother' church once a year. So each year in the middle of Lent, everyone would visit their 'mother' church - the main church or Cathedral of the area. Most historians think that it was the return to the 'Mother' church which led to the tradition of children, particularly those working as domestic servants, or as apprentices, being given the day off to visit their mother and family. As they walked along the country lanes, children would pick wild flowers or violets to take to church or give to their mother as a small gift.
古代法国四旬斋节庆典
古代法国四旬斋节庆典在古代法国，四旬斋节是一项举国欢庆的盛大庆典。
这个节日源自基督教的传统，是为了纪念耶稣基督在沙漠中禁食四十天四十夜的经历。
这个庆典既有宗教意义，也有社交和文化的内涵，是法国人民一年中最重要的节日之一。
四旬斋节的庆典活动通常从复活节前的星期三开始，一直持续到复活节前的星期天。
这是一个长达六个星期的庆典，期间人们会进行各种庆祝活动和仪式。
其中最重要的仪式之一是斋戒，参与者在这段时间内要进行禁食和祈祷，以示对耶稣基督的敬意和信仰。
在四旬斋节期间，法国各地都会举办各种活动来庆祝这个节日。
其中最受欢迎的活动之一是游行。
游行通常在节日的最后一天举行，各个城市和乡村都会组织自己独特的游行队伍。
这些队伍会穿着华丽的服装，手持各种装饰和道具，如花环、彩旗和音乐乐器等。
游行队伍会在街道上行进，同时演奏音乐和舞蹈，吸引了大量的观众和游客。
除了游行，四旬斋节还有其他各种庆祝活动。
其中之一是音乐会和舞会。
在节日期间，各个城市会举办多场音乐会和舞会，为人们提供了一个欢乐的娱乐场所。
人们可以在音乐的节拍中尽情舞蹈，感受节日的喜悦。
同时，一些著名的艺术家和乐团也会在这个时候举办特别的音乐演出，吸引了大量的观众。
此外，四旬斋节还有一项独特的传统活动，即破坏巨大的木偶。
这个活动被称为“烧木偶”，意味着摧毁邪恶和消灭不幸。
在这个仪式中，人们会制作一个巨大的木偶，代表着邪恶和不幸。
然后，在节日期间的最后一天，这个木偶会被焚烧，象征着将不幸和邪恶烧尽。
这个仪式不仅有宗教的寓意，也是人们排除厄运和痛苦的一种方式。
四旬斋节的庆典活动不仅仅局限于城市，乡村地区也有自己的庆祝方式。
在乡村，人们会组织集市和农产品展览，展示当地的特色和文化。
同时，还会举办农民市场和手工艺品展销会，让人们感受到乡村生活的魅力和活力。
总之，古代法国四旬斋节庆典是一个充满宗教、社交和文化内涵的重要节日。
通过斋戒、游行、音乐会、舞会和烧木偶等各种庆祝活动，人们表达了对基督教信仰的敬意，同时也享受了节日的欢乐和快乐。
牛津版英语小学五年级上学期期中试卷及解答参考
牛津版英语小学五年级上学期期中自测试卷及解答参考一、听力部分（本大题有12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、Listen to the following dialogue between two friends and choose the best answer to complete the sentence.A. How are you doing today, Tom?B. I’m fine, thanks. How about you, Alice?C. I’m doing great. I just finished my math homework.Question: What does Tom say about his homework?A. He’s doing great.B. He’s doing well with his math homework.C. He just finished his math homework.Answer: CExplanation: The correct answer is C beca use Tom says, “I just finished my math homework,” indicating that he has completed his homework.2、Listen to the following question and the three possible answers. Choose the correct answer.Question: What is the capital city of France?A. ParisB. LondonC. BerlinAnswer: AExplanation: The correct answer is A because Paris is the capital city of France. London is the capital of the United Kingdom, and Berlin is the capital of Germany.3、What does the boy want to buy?A. A bookB. A pencilC. A notebookAnswer: C. A notebookExplanation: In the conversation, the boy mentions he needs something to write notes in class, which indicates he wants to purchase a notebook.4、Where are they going to meet?A. At the libraryB. At the parkC. At the school gateAnswer: A. At the libraryExplanation: The girl suggests meeting at a place where they can study together, and she specifically mentions the library as the location.5、Listen to the dialogue between two friends and choose the correct answer.A. What are they doing?B. Where are they going?C. How are they getting there?Answer: AExplanation: The dialogue starts with one person asking what the other is doing, indicating that they are discussing an activity they are currently engaged in.6、Listen to a short conversation and complete the sentence with the missing word.The man says he is going to the museum, and the woman asks, “Why do you want to go there?”The correct completion is:A. To see the art exhibitions.B. To visit my parents.C. To do some shopping.Answer: AExplanation: The context of the conversation suggests that the man’s intention for visiting the museum is related to art exhibitions, making optionA the most suitable completion.7、Listen to the conversation between two students discussing their weekend plans.Student A: Hi, how was your weekend, Tom?Student B: Oh, it was great! I went hiking with my friends on Saturday morning. We climbed the highest mountain in the area and the view was amazing.Question: What did Tom do on Saturday morning?A) He went to the beach.B) He climbed a mountain.C) He watched a movie.D) He visited his grandparents.Answer: BExplanation: In the conversation, Tom mentions that he went hiking with his friends and climbed the highest mountain in the area, which corresponds to optionB.8、Listen to the short dialogue between a teacher and a student about the student’s homework.Teacher: Hey, Alex, how are you doing with your science project? Student: I’m doing okay, but I’m a bit stuck on the part about the experiments.Question: What is the student struggling with?A) Writing the introduction.B) Conducting the experiments.C) Writing the conclusion.D) Finding the research materials.Answer: BExplanation: The student explicitly states that they are “a bit stuck on the part about the experiments,” indicating that their difficulty is with conducting the experiments, which corresponds to option B.9.Listen to the conversation and answer the question.W: Hey, Tom, what are you doing here so early?M: I came to the library to study for the math exam. I need to catch up on some topics.Q: What is Tom doing at the library?A: Tom is studying for the math exam.B: Tom is borrowing books.C: Tom is reading a novel.Answer: AExplanation: In the conversation, Tom mentions that he came to the library to study for the math exam, which indicates that he is studying there.10.Listen to the dialogue and complete the sentence.M: How was your science project, Alice?W: It was quite challenging, but I think we did a good job. We created a model of the solar system.M: That sounds impressive. What did you learn from doing it?W: We learned a lot about the planets, their orbits, and the importance of the sun in our solar system.Complete the sentence: Alice and her group created a model of the ______.A: libraryB: schoolC: solar systemAnswer: CExplanation: The dialogue explicitly mentions that Alice and her group created a model of the solar system, which is the correct answer. The other options (library and school) are not mentioned in the context of the project.11.Listen to the following conversation and choose the correct answer.A. The boy is asking for help with his homework.B. The girl is showing the boy her favorite book.C. The teacher is explaining a new topic in class.Answer: AExplanation: In the conversation, the boy is asking the girl if she can help him with his math homework. Therefore, the correct answer is A.12.Listen to the following dialogue and answer the question.Question: What is the weather like today?A. It’s sunny and warm.B. It’s cloudy and cool.C. It’s rainy and cold.Answer: BExplanation: The dialogue starts with one person saying, “I think it’s going to be a cloudy day today.” The other person agrees and mentions that it’s cool outside. Therefore, the correct answer is B.二、选择题（本大题有12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、What is the capital city of England?A. LondonB. New YorkC. ParisD. TokyoAnswer: AExplanation: The capital city of England is London. The other options, New York, Paris, and Tokyo, are the capitals of the United States, France, and Japan, respectively.2、Which of the following words is a homophone?A. ThereB. TheirC. They’reD. ThereAnswer: CExplanation: “They’re” is a homophone, meaning it sounds the same as another word but has a different meaning and spelling. In this case, “They’re” is a contraction for “they are.” The other options, “There,” “Their,” and “They’re,” are different words wit h different meanings and spellings.3、What is the plural form of the word “child”?A. childrenB. childenC. childD. childsAnswer: AExplanation: The correct plural form of “child” is “children.” Option A is the correct answer. Options B, C, and D are incorrect forms of the pluralization.4、Which word best completes the following sentence?“Her__________was very supportive of her decision to study abroad.”A. motherB. fatherC. brotherD. friendAnswer: AExplanation: The sentence suggests that someone close to her was supportive. “Her mother” is the most appropriate completion as it refers to a close relative. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because they refer to other family members or a friend, which might not be as close or supportive in the context of the sentence.5、Which sentence correctly uses the past tense of the verb “do”?A. She did her homework last night.B. She does her homework last night.C. She do her homework last night.D. She does her homework last night.Answer: AExplanation: The correct past tense form of “do” is “did.” Therefore, “She did her homework last night” is the correct sentence.6、Choose the word that best completes the sentence.The teacher_______us a new book to read.A. gaveB. givesC. gaveD. will giveAnswer: AExplanation: The correct form to use here is the past tense “gave” because the action of giving the book has already occurred. The sentence should read, “The teacher gave us a new book to read.”7、Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.The cat is very_______and never gets tired.A. lazyB. activeC. quietD. cleverAnswer: B. activeExplanation: The sentence describes a cat that never gets tired, indicatingthat the cat is full of energy and therefore, “active” is the correct choice.8、Complete the following sentence with the correct form of the given verb.If it_______tomorrow, we will go to the park.Given Verb: rainsA. rainB. rainsC. rainedD. will rainAnswer: B. rainsExplanation: The sentence is in the conditional tense and is talking about a future event that depends on a condition. The correct form of the verb in this case is the simple present tense, “rains.”9.Which word does not belong in the following list?A) appleB) orangeC) grapeD) bananaE) milkAnswer: E) milkExplanation: The word “milk” is different from the other options because it is a liquid, while “apple,” “orange,” “grape,” and “banana” are all types of fruits.10.Choose the correct past tense form of the verb “go.”A)goedB)goneC)wentD)goAnswer: C) wentExplanation: The correct past tense form of the verb “go” is “went.” Options A and D are incorrect as they are the present tense form, and option B is the past participle, not the past tense.11.Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.The teacher asked us to clean the classroom, and we all helpedto__________it.A. cleanB. cleaningC. cleanedD. be cleanedAnswer: C. cleanedExplanation: The sentence requires the past participle form of the verb to indicate that the action has been completed. “Cleaned” is the past participle form of the verb “clean.”12.Choose the correct question word to complete the sentence.__________ did you finish your homework?A. WhatB. WhenC. HowD. WhoAnswer: B. WhenExplanation: The question is asking for the time when the action of finishing homework occurred, so the appropriate question word to use is “when.”三、完型填空（10分）Section 3: Cloze TestRead the following passage and choose the best word or phrase for each blank from the options given.In the small town of [1], the children were very excited because their school had organized a special event. This event was a [2] fair where they could learn about different cultures from around the world. The fair was held in the school [3] and lasted for two days.The children were divided into groups and each group was assigned a country to study. They learned about the history, food, and traditions of their assigned country. One group was studying [4], and they were very curious about its ancient pyramids and mysterious hieroglyphs.During the fair, the children had the opportunity to [5] different types of food, play traditional games, and make crafts that represented their country.1.A) bigB) beautifulC) smallD) busy2.A) internationalB) localC) artD) science3.A) gardenB) libraryC) hallD) field4.A) EgyptB) ChinaC) IndiaD) Japan5.A) sellB) tasteC) seeD) hearAnswers:1.C) small2.A) international3.C) hall4.A) Egypt5.B) taste四、阅读理解（26分）Reading ComprehensionPassage:The famous Oxford University, located in the city of Oxford, England, is one of the oldest universities in the world. It was founded in 1096 and has a rich history and culture. The university is divided into several colleges, each with its own unique character and history.One of the most famous colleges at Oxford is Christ Church College. It was founded in 1546 and is known for its beautiful buildings and gardens. The college has produced many famous alumni, including the author J.R.R. Tolkien and the physicist Stephen Hawking.Oxford University is also famous for its rowing teams. The river Thames runs through the city, and the university has a long-standing tradition of rowing competitions. Each college has its own rowing team, and the annualOxford-Cambridge Boat Race is one of the most famous sporting events in the world.The university offers a wide range of courses, from arts and humanities to science and technology. Many students come from all over the world to study at Oxford, making it a diverse and vibrant community.Questions:1.When was Oxford University founded?A) 1096B) 1546C) 1546D) 19th century2.Which famous author is an alumnus of Christ Church College?A)J.R.R. TolkienB)Stephen HawkingC)William ShakespeareD)Isaac Newton3.What is one of the most famous sporting events in the world that involves rowing teams from Oxford University?A) The Wimbledon Tennis ChampionshipB) The Oxford-Cambridge Boat RaceC) The FIFA World CupD) The NBA FinalsAnswers:1.A) 10962.A) J.R.R. Tolkien3.B) The Oxford-Cambridge Boat Race五、写作题（16分）Writing TaskWrite a short story about a day in the life of a young student, describing their morning routine, school day, and afternoon activities. Your story should be at least 150 words and include the following elements:1.The student’s name and age.2.The student’s favorite subject at school.3.A challenging moment the student faced during the school day.4.How the student spent their afternoon.Sample StoryMy name is Emma, and I am nine years old. I love going to school, especially because my favorite subject is math. Every morning, I wake up at 7:00 a.m. to brush my teeth and have breakfast with my family.I hop on the bus at 7:30 a.m. and arrive at school by 8:00 a.m. My first class is math, and I can’t wait to solve some new problems with Mr.Thompson. One day, during math class, I got stuck on a tricky problem. I tried to work on it for a long time, but I couldn’t find the solution. Finally, Mr.Thompson helped me out, and I felt relieved.After school, I go to the library to borrow a book. I choose a science book about space, which I’ve always been fascinated by. I read the book until my mom calls me for dinner. After dinner, I help my dad in the garden for a while, and then I watch some TV before bed.AnalysisThis story effectively incorporates all the required elements. The introduction introduces the main character, Emma, and sets the scene for the sto ry. Emma’s favorite subject, math, is highlighted early on, making it clear why she enjoys going to school. The challenging moment, where Emma gets stuck on a math problem, is described vividly, showing her struggle and the help she receives from Mr. Thompson.The story also describes Emma’s afternoon activities, such as reading a science book about space and helping her dad in the garden. This provides a balanced view of her day and demonstrates her diverse interests. Overall, the story flows smoothly and provides a clear picture of a young student’s day.。
列级名庄的盛大聚会——圣文森特节
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圣文森特节主要针对梅多克 （ ｄ ｃ Ｍｅｏ ）、格拉夫 笔者算是早到会场之人 ，一扫临桌的拉菲酒庄 ，桌上都已
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素泰尔纳 （ ａ ｔｒｅ ）与巴萨克 （ ｒａ ） Ｓ ｕｅｎ ｓ Ｂａｓｃ
放满其它酒庄的佳酿。 宴会开始 ，一 队身着白衣的老者缓缓进场 ，唱响庆祝 节 日的祝酒歌。接下来一道道的美食和与之相配的美酒 ，
－
整个聚会从中午一点持续到下午五点 ，１ 多款美酒轮 ０ 番上阵 ，在觥 筹交错中不知不觉间 日已西沉 ，便散去罢。
Ｌ ｆｅ ｏｈｃ ｉ ）、拉 图 （ ｈｔ ｕＬ ｔｕ ）、 ａ ｔ Ｒ ｔｓｈｌ ｉ ｄ Ｃ ａｅ ａ ｒ ａ ｏ
ｉ ａ ｕｏ ｔｓｈｌ ）和 玛 歌 （ ｈ ｔａ 调 整 心 恃 『碌 起 来 ，期 待 下 次聚 会 — — ６ 花之 节 。 ｔ ｕ Ｍｏ ｔｎＲｏｈ ｃ ｉ ｅ ｄ Ｃ ａｅｕ 亡 月 圈
文艺复兴节英语作文
文艺复兴节英语作文The Renaissance Festival: A Celebration of the Rebirthof Culture and Arts.The Renaissance Festival is an annual celebration that marks the resurgence of art, culture, and intellectual inquiry in Europe during the 14th to 17th centuries. This remarkable period, known as the Age of Enlightenment, saw a revival of Classical learning and a flourishing of literature, art, science, and philosophy. The Renaissance Festival, held worldwide, aims to recreate the spirit ofthis era, bringing together enthusiasts of history, culture, and the arts.The festival typically begins with a grand opening ceremony, where costumed actors and actresses portray historical figures from the Renaissance period. The atmosphere is one of joy and celebration, with music, dance, and fireworks filling the air. Vendors sell authentic replicas of Renaissance-era goods, from handcrafted jewelryto intricate tapestries. Visitors are transported to aworld where the grandeur of castles and palaces is matched only by the splendor of the arts.One of the most captivating aspects of the Renaissance Festival is the costumes worn by the participants. Men and women alike dress in elaborate attire, often replicatingthe styles of the Renaissance nobility. The intricate detailing and rich fabrics evoke a sense of nobility and grandeur, transporting the viewer to a bygone era. Children, too, are encouraged to dress up, adding a sense.。
世界各地节日英语作文
Around the world,various festivals are celebrated with unique customs and traditions that reflect the culture and history of different societies.Here is an overview of some of the most famous festivals celebrated globally:1.Chinese New Year Spring FestivalCelebrated in China and other Asian countries,the Chinese New Year marks the beginning of the lunar calendar.Festivities include family reunions,feasting,fireworks,and the giving of red envelopes containing money for good luck.2.Diwali Festival of LightsDiwali is a major Hindu festival celebrated in India and Nepal,symbolizing the victory of light over darkness.Homes are decorated with lamps and candles,and people exchange gifts and sweets.3.ChristmasChristmas is a Christian holiday commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ,celebrated on December25th.It involves decorating Christmas trees,exchanging gifts,and attending church services.4.HalloweenOriginating from the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain,Halloween is celebrated on October31st.It is characterized by costume parties,trickortreating,and carving pumpkins into jackolanterns.5.EasterEaster is the most important religious feast in the Christian liturgical year,celebrating the resurrection of Jesus.It involves attending church services,painting and hunting for Easter eggs,and enjoying festive meals.6.Ramadan and Eid alFitrRamadan is the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar,observed by Muslims as a month of fasting from sunrise to sunset.Eid alFitr marks the end of Ramadan and is celebrated with prayers,feasting,and giving to charity.7.Hanukkah ChanukahHanukkah is a Jewish festival commemorating the rededication of the Second Templein Jerusalem.It is celebrated by lighting the menorah,playing with a dreidel,and eating foods fried in oil,such as latkes and sufganiyot.8.CarnivalCarnival,also known as Mardi Gras or Fasching,is celebrated in many countries, particularly in Brazil,Italy,and the United States.It involves parades,masquerade balls,and indulging in food and drink before the Christian season of Lent.9.PongalPongal is a fourday Hindu harvest festival celebrated in India,particularly in the Tamil Nadu region.It includes rituals around the sun,cattle,and the harvest,as well as feasting on sweet rice dishes.10.MidAutumn FestivalThe MidAutumn Festival is a traditional Chinese festival celebrated on the15th day of the8th month of the lunar calendar.It is a time for moon gazing and eating mooncakes,which are round pastries filled with sweet or savory ingredients.11.St.Patricks DaySt.Patricks Day is celebrated on March17th in honor of Irelands patron saint.It is characterized by parades,wearing green,and enjoying Irish music and food.12.Day of the Dead Día de los MuertosThis Mexican holiday,celebrated on November1st and2nd,honors deceased loved ones.Families create ofrendas altars with offerings such as sugar skulls,marigolds,and the favorite foods and beverages of the departed.These festivals not only bring joy and celebration but also serve as a means to preserve cultural heritage and strengthen community bonds.Each festival has its own unique way of expressing gratitude,remembrance,and hope.。
圣旦节全球各地独特庆祝方式
聖旦節全球各地獨特慶祝方式聖旦節是西方國家最重要的節日之一，每年的12月25日，全球的基督徒都會慶祝這一天。
然而，由於不同地區的文化、宗教和傳統的差異，聖旦節的慶祝方式也各有不同。
讓我們一起來看看全球各地的獨特慶祝方式。
1. 美國在美國，聖旦節是一個家庭團聚的重要節日。
人們會在聖誕前夕舉辦聖旦節晚餐，特別菜色是火雞和壽司。
聖旦節裡最受歡迎的傳統是聖誕老人給孩子們送禮物。
許多家庭也會裝飾聖誕樹和屋子，並在屋子裡放上聖誕燈飾和鮮花。
此外，《白色聖誕》和《鐘聲響起》等聖誕歌曲也是不可或缺的節日元素。
2. 英國英國人有著豐富的聖旦節傳統。
他們在12月24日舉行午夜聖誕彌撒，並在聖誕前夕晚上舉行聖旦節餐宴。
聖旦節裡最具代表性的傳統是英國人在聖誕早晨唱頌，並裝飾多彩的聖誕蕨。
此外，英國人還會製作聖誕蛋糕，上面放上聖誕水果和鮮奶油，供人享用。
3. 德國在德國，聖旦節被認為是一個神聖的節日，家人會相聚一起慶祝。
人們會在家中擺放聖誕樹，並在聖誕夜點燃蠟燭。
德國聖旦節最受歡迎的傳統之一是掛上聖誕風鈴和製作可愛的聖誕裝飾品。
此外，聖誕市場也是德國慶祝聖旦節的重要方式，人們可以在市場上欣賞到各種手工藝品、食品和遊戲活動。
4. 波蘭在波蘭，聖旦節被稱為聖誕節，是全年最受期待的節日之一。
波蘭人會在聖誕前夕做一道叫作「聖誕湯」的傳統菜，聖誕湯是一道由紅菜頭和蘇打餅乾製成的湯，象徵著聖誕節的顏色和溫暖。
此外，聖誕前夜的午夜有一道特殊的儀式，稱為「聖誕鐘聲」。
聖誕鐘聲是波蘭人傳統的一個儀式，人們會與家人一起參加宗教儀式，敲响鐘聲，祝福家人和朋友。
5. 墨西哥在墨西哥，聖旦節被稱為「聖誕期」，人們會從12月12日開始慶祝，直到1月6日的主顯節。
其中一個墨西哥的獨特傳統是「彌撒團」，參與者們會裝扮成馬利亞和約瑟夫，並在街頭演唱聖詩，展示聖誕故事。
此外，墨西哥人也會在聖誕前夜舉行一個名為「拉斯波薩達斯」的儀式，這是一場有著舞蹈、歌唱和煙花的盛大慶典。
exsultate jubilate套曲题目
exsultate jubilate套曲题目《Exsultate Jubilate》（又译《欢乐吧！永远欢乐》），是莫扎特于1773年创作的一首赞美圣母马利亚的神曲，被认为是他早期最具代表性的宗教音乐作品之一。
它由四个部分组成，分别是序曲（Overture），女高音咏叹调（Aria），男高音儿童合唱小夜曲（Serenade），和祝福的咏叹调（Amen）。
这首套曲既是宗教音乐作品，也体现了莫扎特洗练而华丽的音乐语言，给人们带来一种宗教与艺术的双重享受。
下面将分别对每个部分进行分析和探讨。
首先是序曲。
这个部分是整首套曲的开篇，也是引导听众进入音乐世界的过渡。
序曲采用了典型的交响曲的结构和形式，由交响乐队演奏。
它快速轻快的节奏以及欢快的旋律拉开整个套曲的帷幕，给人们带来一种欢庆和喜悦的氛围。
同时，序曲的乐章中还穿插了一些华丽的乐句和华彩的乐技，使得整个序曲更显壮丽和激昂。
这部分的音乐语言风格充分展现了莫扎特的音乐才华和创作技巧，给人们留下了深刻的印象。
接下来是女高音咏唱。
这个部分是整个套曲的高潮，也是莫扎特作品中最为著名的部分之一。
女高音咏唱中融入了宗教及感恩的主题，表达了人们对圣母马利亚的敬仰和赞美之情。
莫扎特运用了优美动人的旋律和细腻动人的音乐表情，表达了对神圣存在的敬畏和无尽的感激之情。
女高音咏唱的旋律线条流畅，音域宽广，演唱初期需要有很高的技巧和音域要求，展现了莫扎特对人声演唱的深刻理解和驾驭能力。
整个部分的音乐情感和表达都非常细腻动人，充满了激情和能量，激发了人们内心深处的情感共鸣。
然后是男高音儿童合唱小夜曲。
这个部分以男高音独唱开始，随后合唱团和儿童合唱交替演唱。
这部分的音乐风格较为舒缓和温柔，给人们一种宁静和安详的感觉。
同时，男高音的表演也需要展现出较高的技巧和声音的韵律变化，表达出对宗教力量的崇敬和赞美。
儿童合唱则更多地传递出一种纯真和天使般的感觉，为整个部分增添了一种清新和可爱的气息。
西方的节日用文言文翻译
一、圣诞节（Christmas）圣诞节，乃耶稣基督诞生日也。
西方人视为圣日，举国同庆。
此节始于十二月二十五日，家家户户张灯结彩，悬以圣诞树，挂以彩球、彩带，以示喜庆。
儿童喜得圣诞老人赠予礼物，家人团聚，共进晚餐，欢声笑语，其乐融融。
译文：圣诞节，耶稣降生之辰也。
西方咸以圣日尊崇，举国共庆。
始自十二月二十五，家家户户灯彩璀璨，悬以圣诞之树，挂以彩球彩带，以示欢庆。
儿童得圣诞老人之赠，家人团聚，共进晚餐，欢声笑语，乐不可支。
二、感恩节（Thanksgiving Day）感恩节，西方传统节日之一。
始于每年十一月第四个星期四。
此日，家人团聚，共享美食，以感恩上帝赐予之恩典。
通常以火鸡为主菜，配以玉米、南瓜、土豆等，举杯祝福，共度佳节。
译文：感恩节，西方之传统节日也。
始于每年十一月之第四星期四。
是日，家人团聚，共食美食，以感上帝之恩赐。
通常以火鸡为肴，配以玉米、南瓜、土豆等，举杯祝酒，共度佳节。
三、复活节（Easter）复活节，基督教节日，纪念耶稣基督复活之日子。
始于春分月圆之后第一个星期日。
西方人于此日，身着新衣，教堂举行复活节礼拜，以示庆祝。
儿童喜得彩蛋，象征新生与希望。
译文：复活节，基督教之节日也。
纪念耶稣基督复活之辰。
始于春分月圆之后之第一个星期日。
西方人于此日，身着新衣，教堂举行复活节礼拜，以示庆祝。
儿童得彩蛋，象征新生与希望。
四、万圣节（Halloween）万圣节，源自古代凯尔特人的传统节日，现已成为西方流行节日之一。
每年十月三十一日，儿童装扮成鬼怪、妖魔，挨家挨户索要糖果，称之为“敲门要糖”。
夜晚，街头巷尾张灯结彩，举办派对，欢庆万圣节之夜。
译文：万圣节，古凯尔特人之传统节日，今已成为西方流行之节日。
每年十月三十一日，儿童装束鬼怪、妖魔，挨家挨户索要糖果，谓之“敲门要糖”。
夜晚，街头巷尾灯彩缤纷，举办派对，欢庆万圣节之夜。
五、情人节（Valentine's Day）情人节，西方浪漫节日，定于每年二月十四日。
关于它你了解多少
关于它你了解多少？？提起“Carnival”（嘉年华），您一定不会陌生，什么环球嘉年华、汽车嘉年华、房产嘉年华、手机嘉年华……，在国人的眼中，这个“西风东渐”的概念似乎有些泛化-- 人们载歌载舞，举行各种狂欢活动，不再在乎彼此的真实身份，而只追求那一刻时光里的快乐美好，不过，这正暗合了嘉年华的精神实质。
关于“嘉年华”的起源，有三种说法。
一种理论认为，嘉年华是希腊人举行的春天节庆。
公元前七世纪，古希腊在纪念酒神狄俄尼索斯（Dionysus）的“酒神节”上会选派部分人员扮成酒神狄俄尼索斯乘坐船型的花车随着热闹的游行队伍进入市镇中心，据说，这是嘉年华会的雏形。
由此理论，Carnival源于希腊词carrus navalis（一种花车）。
第二种说法认为，嘉年华起源于公元四世纪的古巴比伦。
在古代，春天被认为是新旧交替的季节，万事万物将得到重生，人们可以在这段时间里可以彻底颠覆一切，大家在混乱中狂欢……第三种说法流传最广，认为嘉年华是基督徒一年一次的大祭典。
信奉基督的教徒每年都要举行四旬节（Lent.），即大斋节，从圣灰星期三（Ash Wednesday）到复活节（Easter Day）的四十天被基督徒视之为禁食和为复活节做准备而忏悔的季节。
在这期间，教徒们必须戒荤，只能吃点面包和水。
由此，Carnival被认为源于拉丁词会caro（肉）+vale（告别），原意就是：“向肉告别”。
具有讽刺意味的是，本是为了怀念耶稣基督并为自己赎罪而设的节日，却变成了世人犒劳自己的盛大嘉年华会。
＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊ＣＨＩＮＡＤＡＩＬＹ的小新闻＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊"World Carnival 2006" coming to Beijing＊＊＊＊＊This year's "world carnival" opens on 28th April, but with a very different style. The world carnival officially announced earlier this month that this year, the 42 attractions of the carnival will have an Italian style. And 50% of them will be fresh to Beijingers.Zhang Shuhua, the president of the World Carnival Investment Company said, "The carnival in Beijing this year is totally new."She also said that the carnivals that Beijingers have experienced in the past were generally European style, while this year, the style will be Italian, with most of the equipment coming from Italy, America, and Australia, 50% of which will be newto Beijingers. In addition, toys will be designed featuring some new cartoon characters.The carnival will be open for 4 months, from 27th April to 29th August. The venue will still be the north park of the Shi Jing Shan International Sculpture Park. And the surface and parking facilities will be the same as last year.The difference is that the game coins used in the past will not work this year, but the price will stay the same. And this year's carnival will last 123 days. The first items of carnival equipment have arrived in Tianjin Harbor, and tomorrow, they will be in Beijing.This year, the carnival will go on a national tour, with the first chosen venue to be Zhengzhou.The world carnival has come to Beijing for two consecutive summers, and received more than 3.5 million visitors.[本帖最后由windflower 于2006-5-11 20:21 编辑]。
西方宗教节日（中英对照）
西方宗教节日（中英对照）Advent (耶稣)降临节Lady Day, Annunciation 天使报喜节(3月25日)Ascension Day 耶稣升天节(复活节后第四十日)Assumption 圣母升天节(8月15日)Candlemas 圣烛节(2月2日)New Year, New Year's Day 新年(1月1日)Corpus Christi 圣体节Quadragesima 四旬节(四旬斋的第一个星期日)Lent 四旬斋,大斋期(复活节前的第四十个星期日)Low (或Quasimodo) Sunday, 复活节后第一个星期日All Souls'Day (天主教)万灵节(11月2日)(如遇星期日则顺延一天) Palm Sunday 棕枝全日(复活节前的星期日)Easter Sunday, Easter 复活节Epiphany, Twelfth Day 主显节(1月6日)day of obligation 每人需停止工作参加礼拜的日子Maundy Thursday 濯足星期四(耶稣受难节)Shrove Tuesday 忏悔节(四旬斋开始的前一天)Ash Wednesday 复活节前的第七个星期三Christmas 圣诞节(12月25日)Christmas Eve 圣诞前夕New Year's Eve 新年前夕Easter 复活节Whitsun, Whitsuntide 圣神降临周(复活节后的第七周,尤指前三天) Quinquagesima 四旬斋前的星期日Ramadan 斋月Rogation Days 祈祷节(耶稣升天节的前三天)Sabbath 安息日Feast of the Sacred Heart 圣心节Midsummer Day 施洗约翰节(6月24日)Passion Week 复活节前第二周Holy Week 圣周(复活节前一周)Septuagesima 四旬斋前的第三个星期日Sexagesima 四旬斋前的第二个星期日Ember Days 四季节All Saints' Day 万圣节Trinity Sunday, Trinity 圣三主日(复活节后的第八个星期日) Good Friday 耶稣受难节Visitation 圣母往见节(7月2日)。
festvals
有关节日一．西方节日一览表：Western festivals: Advent (耶稣)降临节Lady Day, Annunciation 天使报喜节(3月25日)Ascension Day 耶稣升天节(复活节后第四十日)Assumption 圣母升天节(8月15日)Candlemas 圣烛节(2月2日)New Year, New Year's Day 新年(1月1日)Corpus Christi 圣体节Quadragesima 四旬节(四旬斋的第一个星期日)Lent 四旬斋,大斋期(复活节前的第四十个星期日)Low (或Quasimodo) Sunday, 复活节后第一个星期日All Souls' Day (天主教)万灵节(11月2日)(如遇星期日则顺延一天) Palm Sunday 棕枝全日(复活节前的星期日)Easter Sunday, Easter 复活节Epiphany, Twelfth Day 主显节(1月6日)day of obligation 每人需停止工作参加礼拜的日子Maundy Thursday 濯足星期四(耶稣受难节)Shrove Tuesday 忏悔节(四旬斋开始的前一天)Ash Wednesday 复活节前的第七个星期三Christmas 圣诞节(12月25日)Christmas Eve 圣诞前夕New Year's Eve 新年前夕Easter 复活节Whitsun, Whitsuntide 圣神降临周(复活节后的第七周,尤指前三天) Quinquagesima 四旬斋前的星期日Ramadan 斋?/P>Rogation Days 祈祷节(耶稣升天节的前三天)Sabbath 安息日Feast of the Sacred Heart 圣心节Midsummer Day 施洗约翰节(6月24日)Passion Week 复活节前第二周Holy Week 圣周(复活节前一周)Septuagesima 四旬斋前的第三个星期日Sexagesima 四旬斋前的第二个星期日Ember Days 四季节All Saints' Day 万圣节Trinity Sunday, Trinity 圣三主日(复活节后的第八个星期日) Good Friday 耶稣受难节Visitation 圣母往见节(7月2日)1.Mother’s Day: A Celebration In Honor of All MothersMother's Day is a time of commemoration and celebration for Mom. It is a time of breakfast in bed, family gatherings, and crayon scribbled "I Love You"s.The history of Mother's DayThe earliest Mother's Day celebrations are traced back to the spring celebrations of ancient Greece in honor of Rhea, the Mother of the Gods.During the 1600's, England celebrated a day called "Mothering Sunday", celebrated on the 4th Sunday of Lent . "Mothering Sunday" honored the mothers of England. During this time many of the England's poor worked as servants for the wealthy. As most jobs were located far from their homes, the servants would live at the houses of their employers. On Mothering Sunday the servants would have the day off and were encouraged to return home and spend the day with their mothers. A special cake, called the mothering cake, was often brought along to provide a festive touch.As Christianity spread throughout Europe the celebration changed to honor the "Mother Church" -- the spiritual power that gave them life and protected them from harm. Over time the church festival blended with the Mothering Sunday celebration . People began honoring their mothers as well as the church.In the United States Mother's Day was first suggested in 1872 by Julia Ward Howe as a day dedicated to peace.In 1907 Ana Jarvis, from Philadelphia, began a campaign to establish a national Mother's Day. Ms. Jarvis persuaded her mother's church in Grafton, West Virginia to celebrate Mother's Day on the second anniversary of her mother's death, the 2nd Sunday of May. By the next year Mother's Day was also celebrated in Philadelphia.Ms. Jarvis and her supporters began to write to ministers, businessman, and politicians in their quest to establish a national Mother's Day. It was successful, by 1911 Mother's Day was celebrated in almost every state. President Woodrow Wilson, in 1914, made the official announcement proclaiming Mother's Day a national holiday that was to be held each year on the 2nd Sunday of May.While many countries of the world celebrate their own Mother's Day at differenttimes throughout the year, there are some countries such as Denmark, Finland, Italy, Turkey, Australia, and Belgium which also celebrate Mother's Day on the second Sunday of May.Richer Than Gold-- Strickland Gillilan (1869-1954)I had a mother who read me thingsThat wholesome life to the boy heart brings --Stories that stir with an upward touch,Oh, that each mother of boys were such!You may have tangible wealth untold;Caskets of jewels and coffers of gold.Richer than I you can never be --I had a mother who read to me.2. Holloween西方节日万圣节前夜Halloween is a holiday observed 1 on the evening of October 31 inmost areas of North America and in some areas of Western Europe. Theword “Halloween” comes from “All Hallows' Eve.” November 1, “All（天主教的）festivalHallows' Day” (or “All Saints' Day”), is a Catholicobserved in honour 2 of all saints. All Souls' Day, observed on November2 to help purify3 the spirits of the dead, is also closely linked to Halloween.北美的大部分和西欧部分地区在10 月31 日晚间庆祝万圣节前夜。
holy week典故
holy week典故
圣周是纪念耶稣基督受难前后事迹的节期。
根据教会规定，时间为从棕枝主日至复活节的一周。
希腊正教教历和天主教教历称这一星期为伟大的一周，据称上帝在这一星期实行了伟大的事业。
节日活动Holy week主要安排为：四旬期第五主日之后是基督苦难主日，为圣周揭起序幕。
其特别的礼仪是“圣枝游行”，但圣枝的祝圣及游行仅是附属性的，即以一个比较“戏剧化”的仪式纪念耶稣进入耶路撒冷城的事迹，是基督接受苦难的前奏；这本来是独立的仪式已变成了今日感恩祭的进堂礼；圣周四早上祝圣为施行圣事用的圣油后，为准备逾越节的四旬期便已达至高峰；圣周四晚上纪念最后的晚餐，行洗脚礼；当晚礼仪的另一特点是感恩祭之后把圣体移供到教堂外的地方（如小圣堂），刻意要为教堂营造一个“空”、朴素（没装饰），及宁静的环境，让教友更体会到此时“新郎被劫去”，从而禁食（玛9:15）并期待新郎基督平安。
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梵二大公会议后的四旬期
梵二礼仪革新之后，由于在「封斋期」只有 两天应守大小斋，所谓「斋期」已不再着重 在消极的「禁食」基础上，而四旬期颂谢词 就扼要地提示我们四旬期的意义：「你嘱咐 我们每年要洗心革面，欢欣地准备逾越节庆 典，使我们能切实奉行祈祷和仁爱工作，领 受重生的圣事，而获得你无比的恩宠。」
四旬期 革新与庆祝
数据取材 「我们的庆节」赵一舟着 香港天主教礼仪委员会网页
实行斋戒 (古代) 古代守斋的规定比近代严厉得多。初期教会就全年中于星期三、五守斋的习惯，自第
七世纪开始，特别强调在四旬期应有完全四
十天的斋期。
守大斋:每天只用一餐，通常是用晚餐。 守小斋:即禁用肉与酒，到中世纪末期，
梵二大公会议后的四旬期
「礼仪年度改革总则」指出四旬期是为庆 祝逾越节的准备期，借着不同阶段的基督 徒入教礼仪，准备候洗者接受及庆祝逾越 奥迹，也使信友们借着纪念洗礼、悔改及 补赎等善行，参与耶稣基督的逾越奥迹。 「梵二礼仪宪章」109-110节亦清楚指出：
四旬期的双重特性 –- 悔改与洗礼
主，求你引导我们在四旬期 内藉守斋、祈祷、作补赎、 行善工，净化自己，积极参 与各种礼仪，以革新我们的 生活，使我们能充分准备身 心，再次体验你的圣死及复 活。
弥撒即将开始，我们下星期续。 请以恭敬的心参与感恩圣祭。
温馨提醒：
教堂是恭敬朝拜天主的圣所， 得体的穿着可协助弥撒礼仪进行得更庄严。
主教，神父及神职人员都会以庄严的祭衣 进行弥撒，我们也鼓励教友以得体的衣饰
来参与圣祭。
所谓得体， 可想象当您进入天主的宫殿， 该如何穿着？
谢谢您的配合，天主爱你。
圣依纳爵堂华文礼仪组 启。
不能进食其他食物。
实行斋戒 (现代)
主教已宽免每星期五守小斋的规定， 建议教友在每星期五：在食物和烟 酒方面，作个人克制，或协助有需 要的人。可减少娱乐的时间，作为 克己的方式。也可献出余暇，为穷 人、病者、老人或孤独的人作特殊 服务。
在四旬期内可作特别努力，每天参 与弥撒，每天朝拜圣体或拜苦路。
有些地区也禁食牛奶制品与蛋。
实行斋戒 (现代)
斋期 并非全年的星期三、五及
四旬期的四十天 只是两天 在
圣灰礼仪日（四旬期首日） 及
圣周五（纪念耶稣圣死）
实行斋戒(现代)
守小斋: 十四岁或以上教友在圣灰瞻礼及 圣周五放弃取用热血动物的肉类食品。
守大斋: 十八至五十九岁教友，在圣灰瞻礼及 圣周五，除了守小斋外，三餐中只可 食饱一餐，其他两餐只可进食少许食物， 其间，可饮流质饮品，除药物外，