人教版新目标英语八年级下册：Unit 9《Have you ever been to museum》 讲解+练习题目+答案

Unit9 知识点和练习附详细参考答案
1. invent
（1）invent 作动词，意为“发明；创造”。

例如：
Edison invented the light bulb. 爱迪生发明了电灯。

（2）invent还可以表示“虚构”。

例如：
The whole story was invented. 整个故事是虚构的。

（3）invent的名词形式有两个，一个是inventor（发明者；发明家），另一个是invention （发明物）。

例如：
Edison is a great inventor in history.
爱迪生是历史上伟大的发明家。

Human history is also a history of great inventions.
人类的历史也是一个伟大发明的历史。

【拓展】
invent和discover的辨析：
（1）invent 意为“发明，发明之物”指“从无到有”。

例如：
Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
亚历山大•格雷厄姆•贝尔在1876年发明了电话。

（2）discover 意为“发现”，指“本来就已经存在，但不为人知”的事物。

例如：
Columbus discovered America in 1492. 哥伦布在1492年发现了美洲。

2. unbelievable
unbelievable作形容词，意为“难以置信的；不真实的”，是由believable“可相信的；可信任的”加否定前缀un-派生而来的。

其动词形式为believe，意为“相信；以为”。

例如：
It's unbelievable that you are a writer. 我难相信你是一个作家。

【拓展】
un-是个前缀，意为“不”。

例如：
happy“高兴的”— unhappy“不高兴的”；lucky“幸运的”— unlucky“不幸的”；
important“重要的”— unimportant；“不重要的”；
healthy“健康的”— unhealthy“不健康的”。

3. encourage
encourage 作动词，意为“鼓励”。

encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”。

例如：
The teacher often encourages us to study hard.
老师经常鼓励我们要努力学习。

My mother encouraged me to enter the contest.
妈妈鼓励我参加那场比赛。

【拓展】
（1）encourage sb. in sth. 意为“在……方面鼓励/助长某人”。

例如：
Don't encourage him in laziness. 别助长他的懒惰行为。

（2）encouragement是encourage的名词形式，意为“鼓舞/鼓励”。

例如：
The teacher's words were a great encouragement to him.
老师的话对他是极大的鼓舞。

4. collect
collect作及物动词，意为“收集，搜集”。

例如：
collect stamps 收集邮票 collect coins 收集硬币
【拓展】
collection作名词，意为“收藏品、收集物”。

是动词collect 的名词形式，是由动词collect后缀－tion变化来的。

collector 作名词，意为“收藏家”。

例如：
These are my collections.
这些是我的收藏品。

My brother has a very good collection of stamps.
我的弟弟收集了许多邮票。

Mark is a famous stamp collector.
Mark是一位著名的邮票收藏家。

5. a couple of
a couple of意为“少数；几个”。

例如：
He bought a couple of books for his daughter.
他为他的女儿买了几本书。

【拓展】
a couple of还可意为“一双；一对”。

例如：
I found a couple of socks in the room but they did not make a pair.
我在房间里找到两只袜子，但他们不是一双。

6. thousands of
thousand是数词，意为“千”，当表示具体的“几千”时，用“基数词 + thousand”，注意不加-s。

例如：
There are six thousand students in the city. 这个城市有6000名学生。

【拓展】
（1）thousands of 表示“数千，成千上万的”这时thousand后要加-s，且后面有介词of，但是不能与数词连用。

例如：
There are thousands of people on the square. 在广场上有成千上万的人。

（2）表示数词的还有hundred“百”，million“百万”，billion“十亿”。

它们的
用法和thousand一样，可以用来表示约数和确数。

7. whether
whether常引导宾语从句，表示“是否”之意。

当把一般疑问句的直接引语转化成间接引语时，常用if或whether作引导词。

例如：
I asked her, “Do you study English here?”我问她：“你在这里学习英语吗？”→
I asked her if/ whether she studied English there. 我问她是否在那里学习英语。

【拓展】
if和whether的辨析：
if和whether均可表示“是否”，一般情况下二者可以互换。

但在下列条件下，只能用whether而不能用if：
（1）if后不能直接接or not。

（2）whether可作介词的宾语。

（3）whether后可接不定式。

（4）whether可用于句首。

（5）whether可引导主语从句、表语从句。

例如：
Everything depends on whether we have enough money.
一切都取决于我们是否有足够的钱。

Whether it is right or wrong, I don't know. 正确与否，我不知道。

It doesn't matter whether he will come or not. 他来不来没关系。

8. mostly
mostly作副词，意为“主要地；通常”。

例如：
He reads the occasional book, but mostly just magazines.
他偶尔也看书，但大多只看杂志。

Lizards live mostly in warm climates.
蜥蜴主要生长在气候温暖的地方。

He works mostly in London office.
他通常在伦敦办事处工作。

句式精讲
1. I've never been camping.
“have+been+现在分词”为现在完成进行时结构。

表示从过去某一时刻一直延续至今的动作。

在句中，说话人使用这一时态来强调自己从未有过野营的经历，欠缺这方面经验。

例如：
I've been cleaning the house but I still haven't finished.
我一直在打扫屋子，但我仍然没有做完。

I have been working for 12 hours.
我已经工作了12小时了。

（刚结束了工作，或者还正在做并将继续）。

句式精讲
2. I wonder how much more computers will be able to do in the future.
wonder作及物动词，意为“想知道；对……感到怀疑”，常见的用法有：
（1）后接who，what，why，where 等引导的宾语从句。

I wonder who she is. 我想知道她是谁。

She wondered what the child was doing.
她感到疑惑，孩子究竟在干什么。

I wonder why Ann is late. 我想知道安为什么迟到了。

I wonder where they have gone. 我想知道他们去哪儿了。

（2）后接 that 引导的宾语从句，表示“对……感到惊讶”，that常可省去。

I wonder (that) she has won the race.
我对她赢了比赛感到惊讶。

（3）后接 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句，常用来表示一种委婉的请求或疑问。

She wondered whether you were free that morning.
她想知道你那天上午是否有空。

I wonder if he will succeed.
我不知道他会不会成功。

3. Let's go to one tomorrow.
let意为“让，允许”，表示“让（允许）某人做某事”应该说“let sb. do sth.”，
不能说“let sb. to do sth.”。

例如：
Let me help you. 让我帮助你。

His mother doesn't let him go out at night.
他母亲不让他晚上出去。

let's…是表示建议或请求的祈使句句型，let's是let us的缩写形式。

例如：
Let's go to school. 咱们上学吧。

Let's play basketball after school. 咱们放学后打篮球吧。

【拓展】
let's 与let us在用法上略有区别。

在表示向对方提出建议，涉及双方的共同行为时，let us可以缩写成let's；而表示请求对方允许做某事，不涉及对方行为时，let us不能缩写成let's。

例如：
Let's (=Let us) play sports. 咱们做运动吧。

Let us know your telephone number.
请把你的电话号码告诉我们。

（Let us 不能缩写成Let's）
【注意】
以Let's开头的句子改为反意疑问句的时候，后面的附加疑问句用“shall we？”，因为Let's是把说话人包含在内了；以Let us开头的句子改为反意疑问句的时候，后面的附
加疑问句用“will you?”，因为Let us不包括对方。

4. It's really interesting, isn't it?
It's really interesting, isn't it?是反意疑问句，表示对陈述句所说的事实提出相反的疑问，要求对方用yes或no来进行回答。

反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是疑问句，疑问句是由be，have，助动词或情态动词后接主语构成。

如果陈述句是肯定结构，反意疑问句须用否定结构；反之，陈述句如果是否定结构，反意疑问句须用肯定结构。

反意疑问句的两部分，必须保持人称和时态的一致。

例如：
He is old, isn't he? 他老了，不是吗？
He never went there, did he? 他从没有去过那里，是吗？
无论哪种形式的反意疑问句，回答时要遵循：“Yes,后接肯定式”或者“No,后接否定式”。

例如：
—The girl is helping her mother with the housework, isn't she?
那个女孩正在帮妈妈做家务,不是吗？
—Yes, she is. 是的，她在帮。

—No, she isn't. 不，她没有帮。

5. The tea art performances show how to make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets.
how to make a perfect cup of tea是“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”，在句子中作动
词show的宾语。

相当于特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。

例如：
I don't know what to do =I don't know what I can do next.
我不知道下一步做什么。

【拓展】
疑问词what，which，how，where，when等可以和动词不定式连用，构成不定式短语。

“疑问词＋动词不定式”可以做主语、宾语、表语等。

例如：
When to start off hasn't been decided yet. 什么时候出发还没决定。

（做主语）
The question is which bus to take. 问题是乘哪辆公共汽车。

（做表语）
“疑问词＋动词不定式”可以由名词从句简化而来。

I don't know what I should say. → I don't know what to say.
我不知道该说些什么。

句式精练
I. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。

1．Mary hasn't been to Dalian．I haven't been to Dalian，either．(改为同义句) _______ Mary _______ I ______ been to Dalian．
2．Tom is the tallest boy in his class．(改为同义句)
Tom is taller than ______ ______ _______ in his class．
3．Linda hasn't been to Wuhan．I haven't been there, either．(改为同义句) Linda hasn't been to Wuhan．______ ______．
4．She's been to Qingdao twice．(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ ______ has she been to Qingdao?
5．They have cleaned the classroom．(改为否定句)
They _______ ________ the classroom．
6．Has your brother finished his homework? (作肯定回答)
Yes，_______ ________．
I. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。

1．Neither；nor；have
2．any other boy/the other boys
3．Me neither
4．How many times
5．haven't cleaned
6．he has
II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。

1．四分之三以上的人口是中国人。

More than _______ of the population are Chinese．
2．你将毫不费力地找到米饭、面条或饺子。

You won't have any ______ ______ rice，noodles or dumplings．
3．我不知道你是否喜欢印度食品。

I don't know ______ you like Indian food.
4．天黑的时候去动物园或许很奇怪。

It ______ ______ ______ to go to a zoo when it's dark．
5．你可以选择在你喜欢的任何时间去那里。

You can choose to go ______ ______ ______．
6．如果你不去买东西，我也不去。

If you don't go shopping，______ ______ ______．
7．许多孩子已经听说那部电影了。

Lots of children have ______ _______ that movie already．
8．我常看见他们在家写作业。

I often ______ ______ _______their homework at home．
9．这本字典比其他的字典贵很多。

This dictionary is more expensive than ______ ______ ______．
10．在博物馆有那么多好看的东西。

There's ______ ______ ______ to see in the museum．
II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。

1．three quarters
2．problem getting
3．whether/if
4．might seem strange
5．whenever you like
6．neither will I
7．heard of
8．see them do
9．any other one／dictionary或the other dictionaries
10．so much fun
III. 语法专练：句型转化。

1．I haven't washed the clothes. Neither has she. (改为同义句)
I haven't washed the clothes. She ______________ ______________.
2．She has already finished the homework. (改为否定句)
She ______________ ______________ the homework ______________.
3．Both of them have visited Mount Huang. (改为否定句)
______________ ______________ them ______________ visited Mount Huang.
4．Neither this answer nor that one is right. (改为同义句)
______________ ______________ the answer ______________ right.
5．He has never been to New York. I have never been there, either. (改为同义句)
He has never been to New York, and ______________ ______________ I.
III. 语法专练：句型转化。

1．hasn't either
2．hasn't finished; yet
3．Neither of; has
4．Neither of; is
5．neither have
A: Have you ever been to an aquarium?
B: Yes, I have. I went there last year. ___1___
A: Neither have I. I want to go there. I want to go to the space museum, too.
B: I haven't ever been to the space museum,either.My father said he would take me there one day.
A: How lucky you are! ___2___
B: I wish, too. I believe we will have a great time there.
A: Yes. Now it's getting late. ___3___
B: I want to see a film in the theater now.
A: I want to go, too. ___4___
B: Twenty yuan. ___5___ Let's go.
IV. 从方框中选择适当的句子完成对话。

1-5：BACED
巩固练习
I. 单项选择。

1．—How do you go to school every day，by bike or by bus?
—_______．I go to school on foot．
A．Both B．Either C．None D．Neither
2．______ of the students in our school have seen the film．
A．Third quarters B．Three quarter C．A three quarter D．Three quarters
3．Please be quiet．I have _______ to tell you．
A．important anything B．important something
C．something important D．anything important
4．He can hardly speak English，_______?
A．can he B．can't he C．does he D．doesn't he
5．They gave away ______ books to our school last year．
A．thousand of B．two thousands C．thousands of D．two thousand of
6．I've never seen _______ bird before．
A．so a beautiful B．such a beautiful C．so beautiful D．such beautiful
7．You can come and play with me _____ you're free．
A．whatever B．wherever C．however D．whenever
8．We didn't have any problems ______ the bookstore．
A．finding B．find C．to find D．found
9．I want to know ______．
A．where does he live B．how old is he
C．what he is doing D．how soon will he come back
10．Look! Can you see the children ______ in the park?
A．be playing B．playing C．to play D．play
11．—Have you ______ visited the old house by the river?
—No，_______．
A．ever；ever B．ever；never C．never；ever D．never；never
12．—______ your sister ______ Hainan Island?
—Yes，she said it is a wonderful place．
A．Did；go B．Will；go C．Has；gone to D．Has；been to
13．—______ have you stayed in this city?
—For about five years．
A．How long B．How far C．How soon D．How often
14．I like traveling and I want to find a job ______ a tour guide．
A．as B．for C．under D．at
15．—I need to ______ English well if I want to be a flight attendant．—I think Mr. Smith can ______ you some easy ways to improve your English better and faster．
A．speak；tell B．speak；say C．say；tell D．say；talk to
II. 完形填空。

That day was like any other day in his life. After school Michael walked past the shop in the street corner. He stopped to___l___the front row of shoes, and he felt sorry for himself. He___2___wanted to have a pair of shoes for his birthday.
He walked away sadly and thought of what to tell his mother. He knew she would give him ___3___if she could. But he also knew very well she had ___4___money. He decided not to go home ___5___, as he looked worried and his mother would notice it. So he went to the park and sat down on the grass. Then he saw a boy in a wheel chair. He noticed that the boy moved the wheels with his hands. Michael looked at him carefully and was ___6___to see that the boy had no feet. He looked ___7___at his own feet. “It is ___8___better to be without shoes than ___9___feet.” he thought. There was no reason for him to ___l0___so sorry and sad. He went away and smiled, thinking he was more lucky in his life.
1. A. see B. look at C. hear D. notice
2. A. gladly B. nearly C. really D. quickly
3. A. something B. what C. nothing D. anything
4. A. little B. a little C. much D. lots of
5. A. at once B. then C. just now D. at all
6. A. pleased B. excited C. surprised D. interested
7. A. up B. through C. out D. down
8. A. much B. still C. even D. less
9. A. out of B. with C. without D. having no
10. A look B. feel C. appear D. seem
III. 阅读理解。

A
Mr. and Mrs. Turner live outside a small town. They have a big farm and they are always busy working on it. Their son, Peter, studied at a middle school. The young man studied hard and did well in his lessons. It made them happy.
Last month Peter finished middle school and passed the entrance examination (升学考试). Mrs. Turner was very happy and told the farmers about it.
Yesterday morning the woman went to the town to buy something for her son. On the bus she told one of her friends how clever and able her son was. She spoke very loudly. All the people in the bus began to listen to her.
“Which university (大学) will your son study in?” a woman next to her asked.
“In the most famous university in our country!” Mrs. Turner said happily.
“The most famous university?”
“Oxford University (牛津).”
Most of the passengers (乘客) looked at her carefully. Some of them said to her, “Congratulations!”
A woman said, “I'm sure he'll know Fred Smith.”
“Who's Fred Smith?”
“He's my son.”
“Does he study in the university, too?”
“No, ”said the woman. “He is one of the professors.”
l. The story happened in ________.
A. America
B. France
C. Germany
D. England
2. Mr. and Mrs. Turner were happy because ________.
A. their son did well in his lessons
B. they have a big farm
C. they have a good harvest
D. their son studied at a middle school
3. Mrs. Turner wanted everyone to know ________.
A. her son finished middle school
B. her son was handsome
C. her son was going to study in a university
D. her son was very friendly to others
4. Mrs. Turner spoke so loudly in the bus that __________.
A. her friend could hear her
B. all the people could hear her
C. she hoped to make all the people happy
D. she hoped they would say congratulations to her
5. Which of the following is true? __________.
A. The woman wasn't interested in Mrs. Turner's words
B. Mrs. Turner knew nothing about the famous university
C. The woman wanted to stop Mrs. Turner from showing off (炫耀)
D. The woman next to Mrs. Turner wanted to show off her son, too
B
Blue Ocean Aquarium is a great place for families to take a holiday．Children love to see the sea animals and watch movies about sharks in it．Last Saturday morning，Mr. Black took his wife and two little sons to the aquarium. At the ticket office，he asked，“How much shall I pay to get in?” The woman at the ticket office answered，“The price is 20 dollars for each adult(成年人) or any kid older than five．We let kids in free(免费) if they are five or younger．How old are your kids?” Mr. Black said，“The older one is six and the younger one is three．I think I must buy three tickets.” The woman was surprised．She said，“Sir，don't you want to save 20 dollars? If you tell me your older son is five，I won't know the difference.” Mr. Black said with a smile，“Yes，that sounds right，but my kids will know the difference.”
From Mr. Black's story，we know honesty is very important in the modern society．We should tell the truth to the people around us，especially to the kids．
6．There are ______ people in this story．
A．three B．five C．four D．six
7．Mr. Black paid ______ for their tickets to the aquarium at last．
A．20 dollars B．40 dollars C．60 dollars D．80 dollars
8．Children can see ______ in Blue Ocean Aquarium．
A．dolphins B．pandas C．koalas D．tigers
9．The underlined word “honesty” means ______．
A．激情 B．友谊 C．乐观 D．诚实
10．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Mr. Black was very rich．
B．Mr. Black wanted to save some money．
C．Mr. Black paid for his two sons' tickets in the end．
D．Mr. Black thought honesty was more important than money．
IV. 书面表达。

假设你是吉姆，上周末你和父母乘飞机去海南度假了。

请以A wonderful trip to Hainan 为题，写一篇80词左右的短文。

A wonderful trip to Hainan
_______________________________________________________________________________
Ⅰ. 单项选择。

1．D。

由答语中“我步行去上学”可知既不是骑自行车，也不是乘公共汽车。

表示“两者都不”用neither。

故选D。

2．D。

在表达分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，如果分子大于一，分母用复数形式。

“四分之三”应表示为three quarters，故选D。

3．C。

形容词修饰不定代词时要后置，故排除A、B两项；一般情况下，something用于肯定句中，anything用于否定句或疑问句中，故选C。

4．A。

因为陈述句中有否定词hardly，所以反意疑问部分用肯定形式。

又因句中有情态动词can，故选A。

5．C。

当thousand前有具体数字修饰时，thousand必须用单数形式，故排除B项；当其表示概数时，用复数形式，并且后加of，即thousands of，意为“数以千计的，许许多多
的”。

故选C。

6．B。

空格后的bird为可数名词单数；“such + a／an + 形容词+ 可数名词单数”可与“so + 形容词+ a／an + 可数名词单数”进行互换。

故选B。

7．D。

由句意“无论你何时有空，都可以来和我玩”知，whenever符合题意。

8．A。

have problems(in) doing sth. 意为“做某事很费事”，为固定结构。

9．C。

宾语从句用陈述语序，而A、B和D三项都用了疑问语序，可排除，故选C。

10．B。

see sb. do sth. “看见某人做某事”，强调全过程；see sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。

由句中的“Look!”可知强调动作正在进行，故选B。

11．B。

ever用于一般疑问句，而never用于否定句，表示“从未”的意思。

12．D。

用现在完成时说明到目前为止的情况。

have／has been to表示“去过某地(现已回来)”，have／has gone to表示“去了某地(正在去的路上或已经到了)”。

由答语可知是“去过了”，故选D。

13．A。

答语是“for+一段时间”，故用how long提问。

14．A。

as a tour guide意为“作为一名导游”。

15．A。

speak English意为“说英语”；tell sb. sth. 意为“告诉某人某事”。

II. 完形填空。

1. B。

look at表示“看”，指有意识地看；而see是“看见”，notice是“注意到”，它们都表示无意识的动作。

2. C。

根据前面的“he felt sorry for himself”，判断他很想要双鞋。

3. D。

从上下文可看出他妈妈深爱他，如有可能，她会为他买任何东西，anything是“任何东西”的意思，在此表示一种强调的语气。

4. A。

通过but一词，可知语气转折，little money为“几乎没有钱”，表示否定意义。

而
a little则表示“少许，一点点”。

5. A。

根据“as he looked worried and his mother would notice”做出判断，为了不使他妈妈看出他忧虑的神情，他决定不要马上回家。

6. C。

当他发现这个少年没有脚时，他的感觉应该是惊奇，这或许是他第一次见到这种事，所以他的反应不应该是激动、高兴或感到有意思。

7. D。

look down表示“朝下看”，看脚时，应该往下看；look up表示“朝上看”；look through 是“浏览”的意思；look out表示“注意”。

8. A。

此题考比较级的用法。

much better表示“好得多”；虽然still和even后面也可用比较级，但它们表示的意思不符合题意。

9. C。

than用于比较级时，其前、后的结构要一致；此题的than前是介词短语without shoes，因此than后要用without feet与之搭配。

10. B。

“感到伤心”用feel sad 表示；“看起来伤心”用look sad；seem sad是“好像伤心”的意思；appear sad 则表示“表面上伤心”的意思。

III. 阅读理解。

A篇
1. D。

因为牛津大学是英国的著名大学。

2. A。

第一段最后一句讲“这使他们高兴”。

“It”指代前一句讲的情况，即他们的儿子功课很好。

3. C。

根据第三段文意判断。

4. B。

第三段最后一句讲“所有人都开始听她讲。

”故A不对；她这样做只是想炫耀一下而已。

C、D描述的意思都不确切。

5. C。

文章前面做了铺垫，讲Mrs. Turner 如何炫耀她儿子考上大学，结尾讲那个妇女
说自己的儿子是教授不论真假，她是在阻止Mrs. Turner的炫耀。

B篇
6．B。

由第二段中的第一句“Last Saturday morning，Mr. Black took his wife and two little sons to the aquarium.”可知，Mr. Black一家有四口人，再加上售票员，因此故事中出现了5个人。

故选B。

7．C。

由第二段中的“The price is 20 dollars for each adult(成年人) or any kid older than five.”和“I think I must buy three tickets.”可知，他们买了三张票，每张票20美元，共60美元。

8．A。

由第一段可知，他们去的是水族馆，可以看到海洋动物，故可以看到海豚。

其他三种动物在水族馆里没有。

故选A。

9．D。

由最后一段中的“We should tell the truth to the people around us，especially to the kids．”可推知，honesty意思是“诚实”，故选D。

10．D。

由第二段中的“Yes，that sounds right，but my kids will know the difference.”可推知，Mr. Black认为宁愿多花钱，也要诚实。

故选D。

IV. 书面表达。

Have you ever been to Hainan? Well，I have been there．Last weekend I had a wonderful trip to Hainan with my parents．We went there by plane．The weather was warm. We visited many interesting places，such as Tianya Haijiao，which means“the edge of the sky and the rim of the sea”，and Wanquan River．We went swimming，fishing and diving there．We also enjoyed the delicious food there．The long white beaches there were very beautiful．I lay on the beach to relax myself quietly．We had a great time．Though we were tired，we all felt very happy.。