五年级下册科普版英语单词

五年级下册科普版英语单词
Science Version English Words for Grade 5: Volume 2
Unit 1: The Plant World
1. Photosynthesis - The process by which green plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
2. Chlorophyll - The green pigment in plants that absorbs sunlight during photosynthesis.
3. Stem - The main structural part of a plant that supports the leaves, flowers, and fruits and transports water and nutrients.
4. Root - The part of a plant that typically lies below the surface of the soil and absorbs water and nutrients.
5. Leaf - The flattened, usually green part of a plant that is attached to a stem or branch and is responsible for photosynthesis.
6. Flower - The reproductive part of a plant that produces seeds, usually containing petals, sepals, stamens, and pistils.
7. Pollination - The transfer of pollen from the male part of a flower to the female part, resulting in fertilization and seed production.
8. Fruit - The mature ovary of a flowering plant, typically containing seeds and suitable for consumption.
9. Germination - The process by which a seed begins to grow into
a new plant.
10. Tropism - The growth or movement of a plant in response to external stimuli, such as light (phototropism) or gravity (geotropism).
Unit 2: The Animal World
1. Habitat - The natural environment in which an animal lives and obtains the resources it needs to survive.
2. Carnivore - An animal that primarily eats other animals.
3. Herbivore - An animal that primarily eats plants or plant-based materials.
4. Omnivore - An animal that eats both plants and animals.
5. Predator - An animal that naturally preys on other animals for food.
6. Prey - An animal that is hunted and eaten by other animals.
7. Adaptation - The process by which an organism adjusts to its environment to improve its chances of survival.
8. Migration - The seasonal movement of animals from one region or environment to another in search of better resources.
9. Extinct - The state of a species that no longer has any living members.
10. Endangered - A species that is at risk of becoming extinct if measures are not taken to protect it.
Unit 3: Earth and Space
1. Weathering - The process by which rocks, soil, and minerals are broken down by natural elements, such as water, wind, and temperature changes.
2. Erosion - The process by which weathered materials are carried away and deposited by wind or water.
3. Fossil - The preserved remains or traces of a once-living organism found in rocks or sediment.
4. Volcano - A vent in the Earth's crust through which molten rock, gases, and ash are ejected.
5. Earthquake - The shaking or trembling of the Earth's surface caused by the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust.
6. Solar System - The collection of planets, moons, asteroids, and other celestial objects that revolve around the sun.
7. Galaxy - A vast system of stars, dust, and gas held together by gravitational forces.
8. Constellation - A group of stars that form a recognizable pattern in the night sky.
9. Eclipse - The blocking of light from one celestial body by another, such as a solar or lunar eclipse.
10. Orbit - The path followed by a celestial object, such as a planet or satellite, as it revolves around another object.
Unit 4: Health and Nutrition
1. Diet - The food and drink regularly consumed by a person or animal.
2. Nutrition - The process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth.
3. Balanced - Equal amounts or proportions of different elements.
4. Digestion - The process of breaking down food into smaller components that can be absorbed by the body.
5. Nutrients - Substances in food that provide energy and support growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues.
6. Protein - A macronutrient that is essential for building and repairing body tissues.
7. Carbohydrate - A macronutrient that provides energy to the body, found in foods like bread, rice, and pasta.
8. Vitamin - An organic substance that is essential for the body's normal growth and functioning.
9. Mineral - Inorganic compounds that are needed in small amounts for the body's proper functioning.
10. Hygiene - Practices that promote and maintain cleanliness and health, such as regular handwashing and dental care.
Unit 5: Matter and Energy
1. Matter - Anything that has mass and occupies space.
2. Solid - a state of matter with a fixed shape and volume.
3. Liquid - a state of matter with a definite volume but no fixed shape, taking the shape of its container.
4. Gas - a state of matter with no definite shape or volume, taking both the shape and volume of its container.
5. Evaporation - The process by which a liquid changes into a gas, usually due to heat.
6. Condensation - The process by which a gas changes into a liquid, typically due to the cooling of the gas.
7. Melting - The process by which a solid changes into a liquid, usually due to the addition of heat.
8. Freezing - The process by which a liquid changes into a solid, typically due to the removal of heat.
9. Energy - The capacity to do work or produce heat.
10. Conservation - The practice of using resources responsibly to reduce waste and protect the environment.
Unit 6: Technology and Engineering
1. Technology - The application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry and daily life.
2. Invention - The creation of a new, useful process, device, or method.
3. Engineer - A person who uses scientific knowledge and practical skills to design, build, and maintain structures, machines, or systems.
4. Prototype - A working model or early version of a product that
is used for testing and refining before the final version is produced.
5. Circuit - A complete and closed path through which electricity
flows.
6. Battery - A device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy and is used as a power source for portable devices.
7. Solar Power - Energy obtained by harnessing the sun's rays through the use of solar panels or other solar technologies.
8. Conductor - A material or object that allows the flow of electricity or heat through it.
9. Insulator - A material or object that does not allow the flow of electricity or heat through it.
10. Renewable - Capable of being replenished or replaced within a short period, such as renewable energy sources like solar or wind power.。