小升初名词代词(讲义)译林版英语六年级下册

小升初复习-名词& 代词
【课前检测】
题型（一）---根据汉语写单词
1. The old man __ ___（在…后面）the tree has a son.
2. Mother was ___ ___（煮饭）when I got home.
3. I think this pair of shoes is ___ ___（昂贵）than that one.
4. She think foreign languages are as ____ __（困难）as science subjects.
5. John put the suit on, and then went to look at ___ ___（他）in a mirror.
6. Lilei knows a little __ ____（法语）, but I don’t.
7. A ___ ___（群）of children are skating on the ice.
8. Summer is the ___ ___（热）season in a year in my hometown.
随堂小练
【A】
1. How （美味的）the food is!
2. Guilin is one of the most beautiful （城市）in our country.
3. I have two （小刀）. You may take the smaller one.
4. You should not （嘲笑）at your classmates.
5. He’s （丢失）a book, hasn’t he?
6. The workers have built another （桥）over the wide river this year.
7. I haven’t been to Japan. He hasn’t been there, （也）.
8. Are you （听）to the news report?
9. He ran more （快）than I.
10. The girl enjoys （唱歌）very much.
【B】
1. I think I can do （好）in English this year than last year.
2. He （借）a science book from the school library yesterday.
3. We don’t think their classroom is （干净）than ours.
4. The boy stopped （哭）when his mother gave him an apple.
5. This shirt is too （昂贵）. I’d better have a look at another one.
知识点小结
enjoy doing sth.
borrow sth. from / lend sth. to
do well in wth. = be good at sth.
stop doing sth. / stop to do sth.
had better do sth.
have a look at = look at = take a look at
laugh at
Ⅰ音标
字母与国际音标
汉语的汉字由笔画构成，而英语的单词是由26个字母组成的。

英语有26个字母，其中有5个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)，1个半元音字母(y)，其他为辅音字母。

英语中有48个音标，有的音标符号写法和英文字母相同，但读音不同，为了不把它们相互混淆，我们把音标放在括号“［］”或“／／”中，以和字母区别开，如: bus的音标为［bʌs］或／bʌs／，在学习音标时要注意不要把它们和字母混在一起。

元音单元音前元音[i:], [i], [e], [æ]
中元音[ə:], [ə]
后元音[ɔ:], [ɔ], [u:], [u], [a:], [ʌ] 双元音合口双元音[ei], [əu], [ai], [ɔi], [au]
语法考点
集中双元音 [i ə], [ɛə], [u ə]
辅 音
爆破音 清辅音
[p], [t], [k] 浊辅音
[b], [d], [g] 摩擦音 清辅音
[f], [θ], [s], [∫], [h] 浊辅音
[v], [], [z], [ʒ], [r] 破擦音 清辅音
[ts], [tr], [t ʃ] 浊辅音
[dz], [dr], [d ʒ] 鼻音
浊辅音
[m], [n], [ŋ] 舌侧音 浊辅音 [l] 半元音 浊辅音
[w], [j]
【随堂小练】
一、绕口令口腔肌肉练习。

【A 】 S ee the br ee ze
看那微风， T ea sing the tr ee , 她在挑逗树叶， W ea ving the l ea ves, 她摇晃着树叶， And shaking them fr ee
让它们自由飘落。

【B 】
A h ard-h earted h unter h unted a h ard-h unted h are. 一位硬心肠的猎人猎杀了一只难以猎杀的野兔。

V arious v isitors v isited the v illage. 各种各样的访问者访问了这座村庄。

二、来读读下面的句子，在每句话后面写出黑体部分所发的音。

【A 】
1. Pl ea se k ee p it s e cret. 请保密。

2. She i s a pr e tty lad y . 她是个漂亮的女士。

3. I f e lt v e ry w e ll th e n.
我哪个时候感觉非常好。

4. He h a s a very h a ppy f a mily. 他有一个非常幸福的家庭。

5. He dose a res ea rch w or k in a f ir m.
他在一家公司做研究工作。

6. The p ar k is f ar from the f ar m. 公园离农场很远。

7. My young er sist er is a doct or . 我的妹妹是个医生。

8. There are m ore and m ore h or ses.
马匹越来越多。

9. She l o ves her m u m very m u ch. 她很爱她的妈妈。

10. B o b is o n his h o liday.
鲍勃在休假。

11. He bought some fr ui t for the gr ou p. 他给这些人买了一些水果。

13. Is life a ques t ion of ch oice or ch ance?
人生是选择还是机遇?
14. A g entle j udge j udges j ustly.
一个温和的法官公正的判案
EXAMPLE:
0. B i ll i s very r i ch. 比尔很有钱。

[i:]
15. Sh irley is very sh y. 雪莉很害羞。

11. I dr eamed of playing dr um. 我梦见大鼓了。

13. She said y es y esterday. 她昨天同意了。

14. He is tr ying to tr eat the man better. 他试着对这个男人好一点。

【B】
EXAMPLE:
0. P ractice makes p erfect. 熟能生巧。

[ p ]
1. Wha t abou t going t o a movie? 去看电影怎么样？
2. H e h as very h appy family. 他有一个非常幸福的家庭
3. He has g one to the s ch ool g ate. 他去校门了。

4. He likes comi ng here in the morni ng. 他喜欢每天早上来这里。

5. He pu ll ed through that fearfu l i ll ness. 他熬过了那场可怕的疾病。

6. She sits i n the shade i n stead of i n the su n. 她坐在阴凉处，没坐在太阳底下。

7.M ay likes that ro m antic fil m. 梅喜欢那部爱情片。

8. He al w ays w aits for me after w ork. 他总是在下班以后等我。

9. Your r u ral life is un u sual. 你的乡村生活与众不同。

10. He sen ds car ds to his frien ds today. 他今天给朋友们发明信片。

11. I l i ke the i dea. 我喜欢这个注意。

12. F ranks f ather f ixed the ph one. 弗兰克的爸爸修好了电话。

13. He has lo ts of ca ts. 他有很多只猫。

14. H ow ab ou t reading al ou d? 大声读一读怎么样？
15. She doesn’t fear the deer any more.她不再害怕小鹿了。

三、大家来记一个有趣而又简短的经典名句吧。

A little p o t is soon h o t. （度）量小易怒。

记住黑体部分的发音哦，它们发元音[ɔ]
pot是锅的意思。

原句字面意思是说锅小了很容易就被加热，比喻那些容易发怒的人。

A pe nn y saved is a pe nn y gai n ed. 省一分是一分。

记住黑体部分的发音，它们发辅音[p]。

这句话的意思大家都懂了，要养成节省的好习惯哦！o(∩_∩)o…
Ⅱ名词
1. 名词单复数的变化规则：
（1）一般情况下在词尾直接加-s；
（2）以s, x, sh, ch, z等结尾的名词之后加-es；
（3）以e结尾的，只加-s；
（4）以-f或-fe结尾的，①直接+s；roofs, beliefs, safes, gulfs
②变-f, fe为-v再加-es；
（5）以y结尾的名词，变y为i，再加-es；
（6）不规则变化
①特殊形式：
man---men, woman---women, foot---feet, tooth---teeth, child---children, mouse---mice
②单复数形式相同：
sheep, deer, fish, Chinese, Japanese
③合成名词，只将其主体词变为复数形式：
girl student---girl students, pencil-box---pencil-boxes, apple tree---apple trees
④由man和woman构成的合成词，全都变成复数：
man doctor---men doctors, woman teacher---women teachers
2. 在具体语境中运用的常见错误
例：read book（×）→ read books（√）, ride bike（×）→ ride a bike（√）
3. 能辨别可数名词和不可数名词
◆名词的单位
在汉语中名词常用量词来修饰，在英语中很多情况下也可以用量词修饰名词，表示人或事物的单位或动作、行为的单位。

如：piece, bit, pound, bag, cup, glass, box, basket, bar, loaf, team等。

例如：a piece of music一段乐曲 a piece of chalk一支粉笔 a piece of news一则新闻
a pound of sugar一磅糖 a bag of rice一袋大米 a box of sweets一盒糖
a loaf of bread一块面包 a cup of tea一杯茶 a bottle of wine一瓶酒
a crowd of people一群人 a group of children一群孩子 a team of players一队选手
4. 熟悉常见名词在具体语境中的运用
◆名词的功能
名词在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、称呼语等。

①作主语
如：The coat is beautiful.
②作宾语
如：I saw the boy.
③作表语
如：He is a clever boy.
④作定语
如：Is it a colour film?
⑤作称呼语
如：Will you please step this way, Mr. Smith?
⑥作状语
如：We usually don’t have classes on Sundays.
5. 名词所有格的形式和用法。

…’s… & …of…
6. 名词化（老师根据学生情况选择）
在英语中，还有很多其他词类构成的名词，如形容词、动词的-ing形式、动词的-ed形式、基数词、序数词、表示抽象意义的动名词等。

①“the+形容词”用作名词，表示一类人或事物，常见的有：
the new新生事物the poor穷人the rich富人the dead死去的人
②“the+动词的-ed形式”用作名词
the unknown未知之人或事物the killed被杀害的人
③动词的-ing形式用作名词
feeling情感thinking思维
④序数词用作名词
from the first从第一个开始
【随堂小练】
一、请你找一找下面谁是不可数名词，在下面划线标出来。

homework half advice money knowledge boot blood music chicken heat mouth bread information milk cow tear weather magazine
shop time (时间) trousers socks tea chalk
二、选用下列正确的单词或词组。

1. The doctor has saved many people’s . (life, lives)
2. They go to many every year. (parties, partys)
3. They are (Germans, Germen). They aren’t . (Englishmen, Englishmans)
4. The guests come from different . (countrys, countries)
5. The Chinese are hard-working and brave. (peoples, people)
6. It’s about ten walk from my home to our school. (minutes, minutes’)
7. His friends is one of the best professional (职业的) soccer . (player, players)
8. There are few in the fridge. (vegetables, vegetable)
三、单项选择。

1. Mr. Shute is a friend of ____ ___.
A. John’s uncle
B. John uncle’s
C. John’s uncle’s
D. John uncle
2. ---Would you like _______ tea?
---No, thanks. I have drunk two __ _____.
A. any, bottles of orange juice
B. some, bottles of orange juice
C. many, bottles of oranges juice
D. few, bottle of oranges juice
3. There are a lot of _______ down there but hardly any _______.
A. sheeps, people
B. sheep, people
C. sheeps, peoples
D. sheep, peoples
4. The market isn’t far from here. It’s only _______ bicycle ride.
A. half an hours’
B. half an hour’s
C. half an hour
D. an hour and a half
5. Mr. Smith always has _______ to tell us.
A. some good pieces of news
B. some pieces of good news
C. some good piece news
D. some piece good of news
6. We will have a _________ holiday after the exam.
A. two month
B. two-month
C. two month’s
D. two-months
7. __ ___ are going to England for a holiday.
A. The Wang
B. Wang’s
C. The Wang’s
D. The Wangs
四、改错。

1. He has a very happy home life.
2. Joan is Mary’s and Jack’s sister.
3. England became his second house.
4. His father is not an animal’s doctor, but a children’s doctor.
5. September 10th is Teacher’s Day
Ⅲ代词
要求掌握以下几种代词的用法
1. 人称代词
用法：主格在句中作主语，宾格在句中作宾语、表语。

2. 物主代词
用法：1）形容词性物主代词在句中作定语，后需跟名词。

2）名词性物主代词在句中作主语、宾语、表语。

3. 不定代词---用法：
both 表示肯定，强调两者都…
neither 表示否定，强调两者都不…
either 表示肯定，强调两者中其一…
it 指代上文提到的或确定的一个
one 指代不确定的一个
little 表示否定，修饰不可数名词
a little 表示肯定，修饰不可数名词
few 表示否定，修饰可数名词
a few 表示肯定，修饰可数名词
the other 表示两者中的“另一个”
another 表示三者或三者以上中的“另一个”
some 常用于肯定句中，在疑问句中的固定句型：Would you like some…?
any 多用于疑问句、否定句中
4. 关于it的固定句型
It is + adj.+ for sb. to do sth.
…find it + adj.+ to do sth.
It takes sb. some time to do sth.
It’s time to do sth.
【随堂小练】
一、选择题。

1. ---Can you speak Chinese?
---Yes. But only ________.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little
2. Your friend is from England, but ________ is from America.
A. my
B. her
C. his
D. our
3. We were all asleep a moment ago. ________ of us heard the sound.
A. Both
B. All
C. Either
D. None
4. ---When shall we meet again next time?
---________ day is all right.
A. Any
B. None
C. Either
D. Neither
5. A computer is very easy to learn. ________ can learn to use it in a very short time.
A. Somebody
B. Anybody
C. Nobody
D. Few people
二、选择括号中适当的词填空。

1. Would you like bread? Yes, thanks. (some, any)
2. If you have questions about study, you can ask your teacher. (some, any)
3. magazine is on the table. (Many, Many a)
4. We like (we, our) English teacher.
5. Grandma often tells (our, us) stories.
6. This is (yours, your) room, (Him, His) is the next one.
三、改错。

1. Either the side of the road is lined with trees.
2. Both them are from the countryside.
3. Would you be kind enough to lend me any money?
4. There is wrong something with my computer.
5. The girl is more clever than some other student in the class.
真题演练
一、单词辨音。

( ) 1. A. hand B. gave C. map D. plan ( ) 2. A. went B. bed C. me D. get ( ) 3. A. heavy B. sleep C. weekend D. meet ( ) 4. A. car B. father C. warm D. hard ( ) 5. A. seat B. sea C. theatre D. please
二、根据语境与首字母写出单词。

1. The first day of the week is S __________.
2. Skating is h __________ for me. I can’t do it.
3. There is something w __________ with my computer. It doesn’t work.
4. My bicycle is bro ken. I can’t r __________ it.
5. I'm h __________. I want something to eat.
6. I can’t find my English book. Now I’m l __________ for it.
7. The glass isn’t empty. It’s f __________ of milk.
8. Lunch is the second m __________ of a day.
9. My a __________ is my mother’s sister.
10. Linda is a nurse. She works in a h__________.
三、单项选择。

( ) 1. Beijing is than Tianjing, I think.
A. most beautiful
B. beautiful
C. more beautiful
D. beautifuler ( ) 2. The woman has a bag in her right hand. What’s in _____hand?
A. another
B. other
C. one
D. the other ( ) 3. The little girl was afraid of staying _____in the _____house.
A. alone, alone
B. alone, lonely
C. lonely, lonely
D. lonely, alone ( ) 4. Your school uniform is newer than .
A. their
B. mine
C. me
D. her ( ) 5. ---Would you like coffee?
---Th anks. I don’t like coffee now.
A. much, some
B. some, any
C. any, some
D. much, any ( ) 6. --- Li Lei did very well in the English exam.
---Oh, yeah! He is _____English.
A. weak in
B. angry with
C. good at
D. afraid of ( ) 7. You will be successful _____if you work hard.
A. someday
B. some day
C. some days
D. anyday
( ) 8. I liked to play football when I was young. _____
A. So he was
B. So was he
C. So did he
D. So he did ( ) 9. No one is more on the guitar than Lily.
A. talents
B. to talent
C. talented
D. talent ( ) 10. --- do you write to your friend?
---Once a week.
A. How many
B. How often
C. How long
D. How far
四、从B组中选出与A组各句相对应的答案，将其序号填入题前括号，使对话完整通顺。

A
( ) 1: You don’t look well. What’s the matter?
( ) 2: Oh, dear! Why don’t you go to bed for a rest?
( ) 3: Shall I call him and tell him you’re ill?
( ) 4: Ok. I’ll do that. I’m going to the shop now. Can I get you some medicine?
( ) 5: Yes, of course. Is there anything else I can do?
B
A. Oh, yes, please. His number is in the phone book.
B. No, I’ll be all right. Thanks for your help.
C. My head hurts and I feel really hot.
D. Could you buy me a box of cold pills, please?
E. It doesn’t hurt very much.
F. I can’t. I will play ping-pong with our teacher this afternoon.
G. Do you think it’s a good idea?
五、根据句意，选择方框中的词并用其适当形式填空，每词只用一次。

green, as soon as, beautiful, milk, weekend, buy,
invite, great, find out, porridge, sausage, light
1. --- What can I do for you?
--- I’d like to buy a few kilos of .
2. The baby must be hungry and thirsty. Please give him some to eat and some
to drink.
3. Being a volunteer is .
4. Please when the ship leaves for Guangzhou.
5. Don’t worry. I’ll call you I get the news.
6. Last Sunday I some friends to my home for dinner.
7. My uncle a house with a beautiful garden in front of it last year.
8. --- What are you going to do this ?
--- I am going to visit my grandparents.
9. Everything is on the moon than on the earth.
10. For the 2008 Olympics, we will make our city much , and .
六、补全对话。

A: Hi, Liu Yang! 1
B: Well, I’ve won the first prize i n the English Speech contest.
A: Congratulations! You are really great, like a hero.
B: Thank you. HERO? Oh, the name of a film! Have you seen it?
A: Of course.
B: 2
A: Zhang Ziyi is the actress in the film.
B: 3
A: Wonderful! It was directed by Zhang Yimou, one of the most famous directors in China.
B: 4 I didn’t see it. I was busy with the English speech contest then.
A: It doesn’t matter. I hear that it’l l be on at Wanda Cinema this Sunday evening. Better not miss it this time. B: Oh, great! By the way, 5
A: I’d love to.
B: Thank you.
A: It’s my pleasure.
七、按要求写词。

1. potato(复数形式)
2. those (反义词)
3. important(比较级)
4. cheap(反义词)
5. these(单数形式)
6. his(形容词性物主代词)
7. wife(复数形式) 8. we(名词性物主代词)
9. thin(比较级) 10. happy(最高级)
八、完形填空。

“What’s the matter, mum?”
As soon as I enter the door, I find that my mother is 1 . It’s unusual – she usually 2 the door and welcomes me with a smile!
“She’s dying,” mum says sadly. I 3 what she says. The tulip(郁金香), mother’s 4 is dying.
A month ago, we moved 5 our new house and mum bought a very beautiful tulip. Mum liked it very much. 6 she was free, she would sit 7 her armchair beside the tulip and enjoy its beautiful colour 8 inviting smell.
She treated it like a baby and looked after it 9 . She put the tulip by window and moved it from one place to 10 to give the tulip enough sunshine. The first thing she did when she 11 every morning was 12 the tulip, Mum also fertilized it many times.
She hoped that with great care, the tulip would become more and more beautiful and 13 . But the tulip was drying 14 too much sunshine, water and fertilizer.
It’s true that mother loved the tulip. But this kind of love 15 be harmful. Love can sometimes kill what you love.
( ) 1. A. happy B. unhappy C. pleased D. pleasure
( ) 2. A. closes B. opens C. keeps D. takes
( ) 3. A. know B. love C. think D. find
( ) 4. A. favourite B. hate C. unlike D. like
( ) 5. A. into B. around C. across D. with
( ) 6. A. Though B. Because C. After D. Whenever
( ) 7. A. at B. in C. on D. under
( ) 8. A. but B. and C. for D. or
( ) 9. A. happily B. brightly C. carefully D. usually
( ) 10. A. other B. place C. two places D. another
( ) 11. A. got up B. made the bed C. played piano D. washed her face
( ) 12. A. to take B. to cut C. to water D. to pull
( ) 13. A. dry B. strong C. wet D. old
( ) 14. A. because B. for C. since D. because of
( ) 15. A. must B. should C. can D. need
九、选词填空，用方框中所给的单词的适当形式填空。

（每个单词限用一次）
Tim was a 1 boy and he studied in a middle school. His father, Mr. Black, was an 2 . Tim liked to tell his father everything about his school life. He thought his father was his 3 friend.
One night, Mr. Black 4 Tim’s room and sat on the chair. Tim jumped onto 5 and was going to sleep. “How was 6 going at school today?” Mr. Black asked.
“It was too 7 for me,” Tim answered. “I got a C in the English exam. Our teacher has told you about it 8 the phone, right?”
“Yes, but it was only a small part of the day,” said Mr. Black. “There were also good parts, so tell me the best thing to you today.”
Tim 9 and said, “We had a football match against Class 2 and we won the match!” “That’s great! I am glad you had a good time,” said Mr. Black. “Just think about it 10 you go to sleep. Now I’m going to turn 11 the light. Have a good dream!” “Good night, Daddy,” said Tim.
Every night Mr. Black and Tim had 12 talk like this. Every night Tim answered the same question “13 was the best thing to you today?”. Every night Ti m 14 to sleep thinking about the best thing. It was a good way to end his day. 15 you want to try it. If so, just do it tonight.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
十、将下列句子翻译成英文。

1. 运动会因为天气不好被推迟了。

2. 在这两栋楼后面有几栋老房子。

3. 昨天晚上你爸爸在看报纸的时候，你在干什么？
4. 今天下午将有一个英语派对。

5. 我喜欢滑冰，我弟弟也是。

6. 我已经完成了我的工作。

十一、阅读理解。

A
Living in space is much different from life on earth. So of course people need some time to get used to it. How do they live, work and play up there?
Eating. Space food keeps getting more like the food we eat here on earth. In the past, astronauts could eat only freeze—dried food. But now the space station has water, microwave ovens and fridges. So astronauts can eat more usual kinds of food, like fruit, vegetables and ice cream!
Sleeping. All people in the ISS have their own rooms. There’s no gravity, so they have to attach themselves to their beds, or they’ll float away! That may seem like a hard way to sleep, but astronauts say that sleeping in space is actually not too bad.
Exercising. This is more important in space than on earth. There’s not much gravity in space. Astronauts don't stand up, sit down or walk in space, s o their muscles don’t have to work much. They exercise on bikes and other machines for about two hours every day while they are in space. That way, they can still be strong when they get back home.
Keeping clean. Easy things like brushing your teeth can be hard in low gravity. Water doesn't flow out of a tap, it floats in a bubble! Astronauts use a special hose to take showers. And when they are finished, they use a vacuum hose to suck the dirty water off of their bodies．How do you go to the toilet in space? They use a special “air toilet”. It uses air, not water, to take everything away.
Having fun. What do astronauts do when they aren’t working? They read books, play cards, listen to music or send e-mails to their friends and families. Sometimes they just sit and look out of the windows. Doesn’t sound like much fun? But what if you could see planet earth out of your window, with a sunset or sunrise every 45 minutes?
根据文章内容填空。

Astronauts now can eat more usual kinds of food, such as _1 , _2 , and 3 . There is no _4 , so they have
to attach themselves to their beds, or they’ll _5 away! In order to be still strong when they get back home, they must _6 on bikes or other machines for about 2 hours every day while they are in space. Water doesn’t flow out of a tap. It floats in a _7 ! To keep clean they use a special hose to take _8 . When astronauts aren’t working, they read _9 , play _10_, listen to _11 or send e-mails to their friends and families. Don’t you think it’s fun?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9. 10. 11.
B
Some people say human beings are not the only animals that have languages. Other animals also “talk” to each other in different ways.
For many years scientists have been making experiments with animals and they have learned a lot about animals. A bee can tell other bees about food by dances. There are two kinds of dances — round dance and tail-wagging dance. If the food is far away, the bee makes first the round dance and then the tail—wagging dance. Other bees know how far the food is by watching the dance. They also learn what flowers they should look for by smelling the dance bee. But they do not know whether the food is high up in the air or low down on the ground. Like bees, dolphins, which live in seas, also can tell others about food and other things. Monkeys are cleverer than bees and dolphins. But scientists find it difficult to teach monkeys to speak like human beings. Sign language, in which words are not spoken, is a better language for monkeys to learn.
We really can not say whether animals can have language or not. More experiments have to be done before we can give a clear answer to these questions.
( ) 1. If the food is far away, the bee makes __________.
A. the round dance
B. the tail-wagging dance
C. first the round dance and then the tail-wagging dance
D. first the tail-wagging dance and then the round dance
( ) 2. Other bees can tell __________ from watching the dance.
A. how far the food is
B. how high the food is
C. what flower they should look for
D. whether the food is high up in the air or low down on the ground
( ) 3. Dolphins __________.
A. look like bees.
B. can tell each other about food and other things
C. are cleverer than monkeys
D. can tell how far the food is by dance
( ) 4. Monkeys learn __________ better.
A. human beings
B. sign language
C. animal language
D. spoken language
( ) 5. According to this passage, do animals have language?
A. Yes.
B. No.
C. It’s difficult to tell.
D. We will never know.
任务型阅读理解。

C
Lottery Tickets
Mabel is a cashier in a big shop in New York. People can buy medicine, watches, sweets, and many other things. They pay Mabel for the things they buy.
At the shop people can also buy lottery tickets. They pay one dollar for a lottery ticket. There are pictures on the ticket. Some pictures are winning pictures, and some pictures are losing pictures. Most people win nothing. Some people win two dollars. A few lucky people win thousands of dollars.
One day Mabel was working at the shop. She sold three lottery tickets to a woman. The woman looked at the pictures on the tickets. Then she threw the tickets on the counter and walked away. Mabel picked up the tickets and looked at them. She was surprised. Then she was excited. One ticket was a winning ticket! “Excuse me!” Mabel called to the woman. “You won $50,000!” The woman came back to the counter. She took the winning ticket and looked at it. “You’re right,” she said. I won $50,000. Thank you! Thank you very much! ” She said to Mabel.
Why did Mabel give the wo man the ticket? Why didn’t she keep the ticket? Didn’t she want the $50,000? “Of course I wanted the money,” Mabel said. “But it was her ticket. It wasn’t my ticket.” “Well, I’m sorry that you aren’t rich,” her mother said. “But I’m happy that you’re honest.”
阅读上面的短文，回答问题。

1. Whom do the customers pay for the things they buy?
2. How much does one lottery ticket cost?
3. Why did the woman throw the tickets?
4. Why was the woman lucky?
5. Why didn’t Mabel keep the winning ticket?。