现在完成时态

现在完成时态

一．定义：现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。二．通常和never，ever, just, already, yet, before, once, twice, recently , in the past ten years, for, since, how long连用

三、基本句型结构

1、现在完成时的构成形式：have /has (助动词)+done(过去分词)

I/You/They/We have talked . He/She has talked

2、现在完成时的否定结构就是在助动词have或has后加上否定词not；

I/You/They/We haven’t(have not) talked . He/She hasn’t(has not) talked.

3、其一般疑问句就是将助动词have或has提到句首，

Have I/You/They/We talked . Has he/she talked.

肯定的简略回答是：Yes，主语＋have/has.，

否定的简略回答是：No，主语＋have/has not.。

如：I have seen the film. →Have you seen the film？Yes，I have./No，I haven’t.四．与一般过去时的用法比较：

现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情，但现在完成时注意的不是事情本身，而是强调事情与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结果，影响,一直延续到现在等）;而一般过去时，则只讲述发生在过去的动作和事情与现在没有关系。

He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他已经买了一本英汉字典。

He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾买过一本英汉字典。

五．有些动词表示无法持续的动作，它们一般不宜用于进行时态中。这类动词常见的有：be , believe , consist , find , forget , hate , have , hope , hear , know , like , love , notice , prefer , remember , see , seem , smell , suggest , taste , understand , want , wish , sit down , stand up 等等！

六．选用for和since填空:

1.We haven’t seen each other ______ a long time.

2.His father has been in the Party ______ 10 years ago.

3.The film has been on ______ 20 minutes.

4.Mr Green has worked here ______ he came to China.

5.His grandparents have been dead ______ several years.

6. It’s five years _______ we met last time.

七，句型转换：

1.He has already gone home.

He _________ __________ home ____________. (否定句)

____________ he __________ home ___________? (一般疑问句)

2. He has lunch at home.

He __________ _____________ lunch at home. (否定句)

____________ he __________ lunch at home? (一般疑问句)

3.He has been there twice.

__________ __________ ________ __________ he been there? (划线提问)

4. I have lunch at school. ________ ________ you __________ lunch? (划线提问) 八，延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化

1.He died 10 years ago. ---- He ______for 10 years / since 10 years ago.

2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. ------- He __________the book for 2 weeks.

3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. ------ He _______the motorbike for a month.

4. He arrived here three days ago. ------ He _________here since three days ago.

6. He left here 2 years ago. ------- He ___________from here for 2 years.

7.The film began 30 minutes ago. ------ The film __________ for 30 minutes.

8.They closed the door an hour ago. ----- The door __________for an hour.

9.He joined the army last year. --------He _________ the army for a year.

九．完成句子

用适当的时态填空：

1.She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten.

2.Both of them __________ _________ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.

3.Both of them __________ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.

4.Half an hour __________ _________ (pass) since the train __________ (leave).

5. Mary________ ________(lose) her pen.

____________ you ______________ (see) it here and there?

6. _____________ you ____________ (find) your watch yet?

7.---Are you thirsty? ---No I _________ just _____________ (have) some orange.

8. We _____________already ______________ (return) the book.

9.___________ they ____________ (build) a new school in the village?

10.I __________ ________(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?

十．单项选择。

1. —I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.

—I think so. He ________ for it for months. (2008江苏)

A. is preparing

B. was preparing

C. had been preparing

D. has been preparing

2.By the time he realizes he _________ into a trap, it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it. (2008山东)

A. walks

B. walked

C. has walked

D. had walked

3. So far this year we _______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (2008福建) A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen

4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year. (2007湖南)

A. studies

B. studied

C. is studying

D. has been studying

5.Danny _________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. (2007福建) A. works B. is working C. has worked D. had worked

6. —I have got a headache. —No wonder. You_________ in front of that computer too long. (2007江西)