中考专题--形容词和副词(含答案)

形容词和副词
01 命题趋势
在历年各地中考中，形容词和副词是必考的知识点，分值通常在3～5分之间。

从命题形式来看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等；其中对形容词和副词的句法功能、比较等级的用法及易混形容词和副词的辨析的考查又是重中之重。

预计中考热点仍将集中在形容词和副词的词义辨析和比较等级的用法上。

02 定义
形容词是用来修饰名词或不定代词，说明事物和人的性质和特征的一类词，在句子中用作定语、表语、宾语补足语；而副词用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，在句子中作状语、表语、补语和定语。

英语中的形容词和副词都有等级的变化。

03 知识归类
形容词的位置
形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置：
little(小的),only(唯一的),wooden(木质的),elder(年长的),woolen(羊毛质的)等及复合形容词man-made(人造的),kind-hearted(好心的),English-speaking(说英语的),take-away(可以带走的)等。

2.有些形容词只能作表语。

如：
alone(孤独的),asleep(睡着的),awake(醒着的),alive(活着的),well(健康的),ill(病的),frightened(害怕的)等。

3.有些形容词貌似副词。

如：
friendly(友好的),lively(生动的),lonely(孤独的)等。

4.有些形容词与定冠词the连用，表示一类人或物。

如：
We should respect the old and love the young.我们应该尊老爱幼。

It’s not polite to laugh at the blind or the deaf.取笑盲人或聋人是不礼貌的。

5.enough修饰名词时既可以放在名词的前面，也可以放在其后面；然而，enough作状语修饰形容词或副词时，应该放在形容词或副词之后。

如：
We have enough time(=time enough)to finish the work.我们有足够的时间来完成这项工作。

He ran fast enough to catch the bus.他跑得很快，足够赶上公共汽车了。

This hall is big enough to hold 1,000 people.这个大厅够大的，可以容纳1000人。

6.多个形容词作定语时，通常按“性质→大小(长短、高低、形状等)→年龄/新旧→颜色→国籍(地区、出处等)→材料”的顺序排列。

如：
a beautiful tall building一座漂亮而高大的建筑物
a large yellow Chinese coat一件黄色的中国式大衣
【题组训练】
形容词的作用及位置
( )1. Keep all the windows _______，it’s too hot in the room.
A.opened
B.open
C.closed
( )2.—I’ll not be Jack’s friend any more.
—Don’t be angry.He’s just so ______，but in fact he’s good to us，you know.
A.helpful
B.direct
C.polite
D.brave
( )3. How _____ Cindy grows !she’s almost as tall as her mother now.
A.cute
B.strong
C.fast
D.straight
( )4. After the earthquake，we heard of lots of ______ stories，and all of us were deeply .
A.moving;moved
B.moving;moving
C.moved;moving
D.moved;moved
( )5. Overseas experience may help make our life______ .So why not try to study abroad?
ual
eful
C.successful
D.traditional
副词的分类
地点副词、时间副词和方式副词放在句尾，它们同时出现时的顺序是：方式副词→地点副词→时间副词。

如：
The students are doing the experiments carefully in the lab now.同
学们现在正在实验室里认真地做实验。

Many people take exercise happily on the square every morning.很多人每天早晨在广场上高兴地进行锻炼。

【题组训练】
副词的作用及位置
( )6. David doesn’t like rice noodles，his son doesn’t，________.
A.also
B.too
C.either
D.not
( )7.—How is Lucy’s English?
—She always does very well in her English exams. But she can_______ understand English radio programs.
A.always
B.already
C.easily
D.hardly
( )8. Sandy likes travelling. She_______ stays at home during holidays.
A.seldom
ually
C.always
D.often
( )9.—Alex，did you find our old school last week?
—Yes，but with much difficulty，for it has ________changed over these years.
pletely
B.never
C.hardly
D.partly
( )10. Teenagers should be encouraged to go______ and be close to nature.
A.inside
B.back
C.outside
D.off
规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
“我的英语不如你的好”应译成“My English is not as(so)good as yours.”，而不能译成“My English is not as good as you.”。

因为此句中比较的对象是English，而不是you，所以要把you改成yours(=your English)。

2.使用比较级时，切忌一方包含另一方，从而造成自身与自身的比较。

如：
“她比她班上任何同学学习都努力”应译成“She studies harder than any other student in her class.”，而不能译成“She studies harder than any student in her class.”。

any student in her class包括she，使用了other才能将其排除。

【题组训练】
( )11.—Have you watched A Bite of China recently?
—Of course.I do believe Chinese food is ____ in the world.
A.the most delicious
B.more delicious
C.delicious
( )12. With the development of modern science，it’s______
for us to get information from all over the world.
A.slower
B.busier
C.harder
D.easier
( )13. The box was _____ than I had expected.I was out of breath when I got home.
A.more heavier
B.much heavier
C.little heavier
D.very heavier
( )14.—Do you like eating fish，Wang Han?
—Of course.Nothing can be_______ ，I think.
A.delicious
B.beautiful
C.more delicious
D.more beautiful
( )15.—He is the only one who failed in the math exam. —Really?You mean he studies________.
A.the most careful
B.the least careful
C.the most carefully
D.the least carefully
不规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
【题组训练】
( )16.—Rosa，can I wear jeans and T-shirt to the evening party? —OK.But a dress might be______ .
A.good
B.worse
C.bad
D.better
( )17.—Oh，it was fantastic! Lily danced so well.
—Well，I think Kate danced_______ than Lily.
A.well
B.better
C.best
( )18.—What do you think of her teaching English?
—Great! No one teaches_______ in our school.
A.good
B.worse
C.better
D.Best
( )19. If you want to be thinner and healthier，you should eat _____ food and take ______ exercise.
A.more;fewer
B.more;less
( )20. We held a concert in the hall yesterday.Kate sang ______
among the singers.
A.good
B.well
C.better
D.best
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法
04 整合集训反馈层级化
( )1.Joe took up a cup to drink some water, but he found it was_____ .
A.empty
B.heavy
C.clean
D.old
( )2.It is _____ for us to bring our umbrellas because the weather report says it will rain this afternoon.
A.hard
B.interesting
C.easy
D.necessary
( )3.—How about the movie,Jack?
—It’s a little boring.And I was too ______ to watch the end of it.
A.sleepy
B.asleep
C.sleep
D.sleeping
( )4.—Uncle Wang feels very _____ after finishing the ____work.
—He really needs to have a good rest.
A.tired;tiring
B.tired;tired
C.tiring;tired
D.tiring;tiring
( )5.Each of you should be careful enough to keep yourself _____ when doing this chemistry experiment.
A.clear
B.safe
C.safely
D.clearly
( )6.—Hurry up!The concert will begin soon.
—Take it easy.We have ______ time left.
A.little
B.much
C.many
D.plenty
( )7.—Why do you like living in the countryside,Uncle Wang?
—Because the air there is _______ and clean.
A.cold
B.dirty
C.thin
D.fresh
( )8.We’d better not eat too much ____ food because it’s not only bad for our teeth,but also makes us fat easily.
A.tasty
B.delicious
C.sweet
D.cheap
( )9.—These days I have always felt stressed.
—You can ask Mrs Lee for help.It’s ____ for her to solve your problem.
A.necessary
eful
C.important
D.possible
( )10.—Are you _____,Mike?
—Yes, Mom. Could you please get me some water?
A.thirsty
B.tired
C.hungry
D.sick
( )11.—Whose home is _____ away from school in our class?
—Liu Mei’s.
A.farther
B.far
C.the farthest
D.near
( )12.—Which of the two cars will you buy?
—The ______ one.I don’t have much money.
A.cheap
B.expensive
C.cheaper
D.more expensive
( )13.—Remember this, children.______ careful you are, ______mistakes you will make.
—Yes,Miss Gao.
A.The more;the fewer
B.The more;the few
C.The more;the less
D.The much;the fewer
( )14.—Which is_____ ,the sun,the earth or the moon? —The sun of course.
A.big
B.bigger
C.biggest
D.the biggest
( )15.—Your daughter is much _______ now.
—Yes,the pants she wore last year are all too short for her.
A.older B .quieter C.taller D.smarter
( )16.If you keep playing sports every day,your health will be getting ________.
A.good and good
B.better and better
C.best and best
D.better and best
( )17.—Mum,could you buy me a dress like this?
—Of course.We can buy _____ one than this,but ____ it.
A.a better;better than
B.a popular;as good as
C.a more popular;not as good as
D.a cheaper;as good as
( )18.—Which province is the _______ one in winter? —It should be Heilongjiang Province,I think.
A.coldest
B.hotter
C.warmest
D.cooler
( ) 19.—Would you mind staying in such a noisy room? —No,but my son needs a _____ place to study in.
A.cleaner
B.quieter
C.safer
D.bigger
( )20.The actress is already 50,but she looks _____ than she really is.
A.young
B.more young
C.more younger
D.much younger
( )21.—Tom,what do you think of the school?
—Oh,no other school is ____ in the city. It’s ____ one. A.better;a better B.the best;the best
C.better;the best
D.the best;a better
( )22.Now,blogs are ______ traditional diaries among young people.Everyone in my class has a blog.
A.very popular
B.as popular as
C.not so popular as
D.much more popular than
( )23.—Let’s go shopping at the new mall.
—Why not shop online?It’s ________.
A.expensive
B.more expensive
C.less expensive
D.the most expensive
( )24.—What do you think of the film you saw yesterday?
—Oh!It’s one of _______ films I’ve ever seen. A.interesting B.more interesting
C.most interesting
D.the most interesting ( )25.—Peter is ____ than you,right?
—Yes,but he is____ runner in our class.
A.heavier;best
B.heavy;the best
C.heavier;the best
D.heavy;better
( )26.—How often do you watch action movies? —______.I don’t like this kind of movies at all. A.Always B.Often
C.Sometimes
D.Never
( )27.—Can you catch what I said?
—Sorry,I can ______ understand it.
A.nearly
B.almost
C.hardly
D.already ( )28.—Have you read today’ s morning paper?
—Not_____ .What’s the latest news about the hand-foot-mouth disease?
A.only B .just
C.ever
D.yet
( )29.—I always listen to the teacher _____ in class. —It’s very clever of you to do that.
A.free
B.freely
C.careful
D.carefully
( )30.We are glad to see that our hometown is developing ______ these years than ever before.
A.quickly
B.less quickly
C.more quickly
D.the most quickly
参考答案：
(七)形容词和副词
题组训练
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整合集训
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