形容词副词(讲义)译林版英语六年级下册

小升初专项复习形容词&副词
【知识点梳理】
一、形容词
1、定义
形容词用来修饰和形容名词，表示名词的属性，补充说明它的意思。

a big house 一幢大房子a new bicycle一辆新自行车
2、位置
（1）用于名词前
巧记形容词的排列顺序：
限定描绘大长高，新旧年龄和形状，颜色国籍和材料，依次挨着往后靠。

（2）用于连系动词后
常见的连系动词：
一be：am,is,are
三变：get/bee/grow (变得)
五感官：look(看起来)，feel(摸起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝起来)，sound(听起来)
其它：go/ e（变）, remain（保持）keep（保持）。

（3）用于不定代词后
常见的不定代词有：something, anything, somebody, anybody, nothing, nobody 等
*常见的以ly结尾的形容词：
lovely(可爱的)，friendly(友好的)，daily(日常的)，yearly(每年的)
lonely(孤独的), ugly(丑陋的), lively(生机勃勃的), silly(愚蠢的)
She looks lovely.她看上去很漂亮。

3. 含有形容词的常用句型
（1）It is +形容词+ of + sb. + to do sth.
这一句型表示“某人（做某事）…”。

常用形容词有good, kind, nice等，来说明“人”的性质或特征。

It is very kind of you to help me. 你们能帮助我真是太好了。

（2）It is +形容词+ for + sb. + to do sth.
这一句型表示“做某事对某人来说…”。

常用形容词有difficult, easy, hard等。

It is dangerous for him to swim alone. 他一个人去游泳很危险。

（3）主语+be+形容词+to do sth.
这一句型常用表示感情或情绪的形容词，如：glad, pleases, sorry, sad等；以及表示能力或意志的形容词，如：able, ready, sure, certain 等。

I am sorry to hear the news. 听到这个消息我很难过。

4. ing形容词和ed形容词
(1). –ing形容词，一般修饰事物，多指事物对人的影响，表示“令人…”
This is a surprising story.
(2).–ed形容词，主语一般是人，多指人对事物的感受，表示“感到…”
I was surprised to hear the story.
课堂练习
一、单项选择。

( ) 1. Exercise helps keep the body strong and _________.
A. healthy
B. sick
C. sleep
D. fat
( ) 2. Eating good food is _________ for the body.
A. bad
B. important
C. tired
D. importantly ( ) 3. Smoke from cars is ________ to our world.
A. harmful
B. beautiful
C. foolish
D. surprising ( ) 4. My _________ bike was too small for me.
A. old yellow
B. yellow old
C. an old
D. a yellow ( ) 5. There was _________ in the exam.
A. difficult things
B. difficult nothing
C. a thing difficult
D. nothing difficult ( ) 6. It is _________ to take pictures of old buildings.
A. interested
B. interests
C. interest
D. interesting ( ) 7. It is not ________ to drive in this rain.
A. safe
B. safely
C. safeness
D. safety
( ) 8. It is always _________ to ride on bikes.
A. excited
B. exciting
C. excitement
D. excite
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. It is a pity not to go outside on a __________ day. (sun)
2. It was ___________ of George to bring an umbrella for me on a rainy day. (kind)
3. Sports help us keep _________. (love)
4. It is _____________ for very young children to be left alone. (danger)
5. It is not ___________ for old people to use smart phones. (ease)
6. He is looking for something __________. (interest)
7. We are so ___________ about the party tonight. (excite)
8. Be ___________. You might hurt yourself. (care)
9. The film was so interesting, and it had a ___________ ending. (surprise)
10. Eating vegetables is good for us to keep ___________ (health).
二、副词
1、副词的构成。

形容词+ly：quickquickly, slowslowly
以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，变y为i，再+ly: easyeasily; happyhappily
以ue结尾的形容词，去e+ly：truetruly
形副同形：fast; hard; far; early; late
特殊变化：goodwell
2、副词的功能
（1）修饰动词：You should drive slowly on a rainy day.
（2）修饰形容词：You are quite right.
（3）修饰其它副词：D on’t ride too fast.
（4）修饰句子：Luckily, we didn’t miss the last train.
课堂练习
一、单项选择。

( ) 1. She __________ went into the dark room.
A. bravely
B. brave
C. downstairs
D. careful
( ) 2. I was so surprised. His new flat was __________ painted.
A. beautifully
B. beauty
C. beautiful
D. more beautiful
( ) 3. Alex _______ fixed the bookshelves to the wall. It was too difficult for me to finish it on my own.
A. quick
B. easily
C. hard
D. nice
( ) 4. We didn’t understand the teacher’s words very _________.
A. worse
B. good
C. well
D. bad
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. Don’t run. You need to go __________. (slow)
2. He touched the cat very ___________. (careful)
3. Her English is very __________. She speaks English very __________. (good)
4. She __________ invited us to dinner. (warm)
5. I don’t know why she ran so _________(fast).
6. We can make a cake ____________ with Mum’s instruct ions. (easy)
【拓展】形容词，副词的比较级和最高级
表示两者进行比较时用比较级，表示三者及以上事物进行比较时用最高级。

1. 规则变化
（1）单音节和少数双音节单词
一般情况下，直接在词尾+er/ +est；
以e结尾，直接在词尾+r/ +st；
以“辅音字母+y”结尾时，把y变成i，再+er/ +est；
辅元辅，双写尾字母，再+er/ +est。

（2）多音节词和少数双音节词
比较级：在原级前面+more
最高级：形容词在原级前+the most, 副词在原级前+（the）most。

2. 不规则变化
（1）表示两者之间的比较
A+系动词+形容词比较级+ than +B
e.g. Lily’s legs are longer than Lucy’s.
A+实义动词+副词比较级+than +B
e.g. Mike runs faster than Peter.
（2）表示“越来越…”
单音节词和少数双音节词：比较级and 比较级hotter and hotter
多音节词和部分双音节词：more and more +原级more and more slowly 4. 最高级的用法
主语+系动词+the + 形容词的最高级
e.g. He is the tallest of the boys over there.
主语+实义动词+（the）+副词的最高级
e.g. He ran (the) fastest when we met the bear.
四、平级比较：
as + 原级+ as … 和… 一样…
e.g. Her English is as fluent as a native speaker’s.
e.g. I always e to school as early as he does.
【课堂练习】
一、适当形式填空
1. It is raining (heavy) outside.
2. Look, Jenny is dancing. She dances (good).
3. Try to do (well) next time.
4. Jack is the (tall) boy in his class.
5. Your idea sounds (wonderfully).
6. Please write (careful).
7. I can’t see the words on the blackboard(clear).
8. Peter is always (friend) to me.
9. Our English teacher can speak English very (fluent).
10. Tom ran home (quick).
二、单选/适当形式填空
1. She can run as as his brother.
A. fast
B. faster
C. farther
D. slower
2. Walk into your bedroom because your father is sleeping.
A. quiet
B. quietly
C. loud
D. loudly
3. He is a student. He always does his homework .
A. careful, carefully
B. quietly, quiet
C. beautiful, beautifully
D. well, good
4. In summer people usually sleep their windows .
A. with, open B without, open C. with, close D. with, closed
5.His idea sounds .
A. interest
B. interesting
C. interested
D. interestingly
6. Is the shop at 8:00 in the evening?
A. closed
B. closes
C. opens
D. open
7. How you hit the door! It’s broken.
A. hard
B. strong
C. happy
D. exciting
8. Look! Yang Ling and Su Hai are playing ball games .
A. happy
B. very happy
C. happily
9. Which season do you like , summer or winter?
A. best
B. better
C. the best
10. The students are . They like watching the basketball match.
A. excited, exciting
B. excited, excited
C. exciting, excited
11. I have money than you, but I have friends than you.
A. less, more
B. more, more
C. less, fewer
D. fewer, more
12. On their way , they were very happy.
A. home
B. to home
C. the home
D. to the home
13. He turned around, but he couldn’t see.
A. something unusual
B. anything unusual
C. unusual anything
D. unusual something
14. Shanghai is one of in the world.
A. most modern city
B. the most modern city
C. the most modern cities
15. It’s 11 p.m. now. My grandpa is.
A. sleeps
B. sleep
C. asleep
16. This is an movie.
A. interest
B. interested
C. interesting
17. Please keep the room .
A. clean
B. to clean
C. cleaning
18. She is a(n) girl. She has no friends.
A. alone
B. lonely
C. friendly
19. We should take care of .
A. the weak
B. weak
C. weaker
20. Mary is a girl. She always leaves thins here and there.
A. careful
B. careless
C. care。