专题05 环境保护--冲刺2020年高考英语常考话题2合1组合练：真题感知+模拟提升(解析版)

环境保护--冲刺2020年高考英语常考话题2合1组合练：
阅读理解+书面表达
训练5
Ⅰ.完形填空
I grew up in a small town. There was a man named Joe, who was uneducated and couldn't talk __1__. He was good natured but not very smart, __2__ everyone teased him.
One day when I was sitting on the porch, he came walking by. I was about 12 and thought it would make me __3__ grown up to play jokes on him as some __4__ did.
He asked what I was doing, and I told him that my father had __5__ his job and that we were short of money. I could see my friends nearby __6__ so I went on with the __7__. From his __8__ expression, I'm convinced that I had fooled him __9__.
I knew he lived a __10__ life with low income, so it was funny when he asked __11__ we needed anything. I told him that we didn't know if we would have enough to __12__ and he replied “you poor thing”．
That night I heard the door __13__ softly. I thought it was the wind whipping against the door, so I __14__ it. The next morning I found a small box of food outside my house, and I knew it was from Joe. I looked into the box of canned food with __15__ in my eyes. I felt ashamed for taking advantage of his __16__ towards me. I __17__ the whole story to my father and said I wanted to return the box. My father scolded me and __18__ that I keep the box, otherwise it would hurt Joe's feelings.
Although the food was not __19__，I knew Joe gave the best he had. I did not __20__ the gift.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。

Joe不聪明，但是秉性善良，所以大家喜欢戏弄他。

作者12岁的时候戏弄他，说自己的父亲失业了，家里没有食物吃。

当天晚上，Joe给作者一家人送来了食物，虽然他自己的生活也很艰难。

这让作者非常感动，也很后悔自己的行为。

1．A.smoothly B．loudly
C．publicly D．honestly
答案：A根据空格前“who was uneducated”和空格后“He was good natured but not very smart”可判断出Joe不能很流畅地说话。

2．A.if B．when
C．so D．but
答案：C根据空格前“He was good natured but not very smart”可知，虽然他秉性善良，但不是非常聪明，因此大家都戏弄他。

3．A.feel B．appear
C．sound D．smell
答案：A那年“我”12岁了，“我”认为像其他成年人一样戏弄他，会让“我”感觉自己长大了。

4．A.peers B．teenagers
C．adults D．idiots
答案：C根据空格前“I was about 12 and thought it would make me __3__ grown up”可知，这里意思是像其他成年人一样戏弄他。

5．A.found B．lost
C．quitted D．changed
答案：B根据空格后“and that we were short of money”可知，“我”告诉他“我”的父亲失去了工作。

6．A.playing B．cheering
C．smiling D．laughing
答案：D“我”看到“我”的朋友在附近大笑，所以“我”继续编着这个故事。

7．A.report B．story
C．tale D．legend
答案：B根据下文“I __17__ the whole story to my father”可知，此处表述看到“我”的朋友在附近大笑，所以“我”继续编着这个故事。

8．A.doubtful B．impatient
C．puzzled D．concerned
答案：D根据后文所述Joe给作者送来一盒食物可知，他脸上是一种关心的表情。

9．A.absolutely B．easily
C．completely D．finally
答案：C根据空格前的“I'm convinced that ... ”可知，“我”确信，“我”完全愚弄了他。

10．A.happy B．expensive
C．simple D．tough
答案：D根据空格后“with low income”可知，“我”知道他过着很艰难的生活。

11．A.how B．whether
C．why D．that
答案：B所以当他问“我”，我们是否需要什么时，“我”感觉很可笑。

“__11__ we needed anything”作asked的宾语，是一个宾语从句，连接词在从句中不作任何成分，表示“是否”的含义，所以用whether。

12．A.drink B．spend
C．wear D．eat
答案：D根据下文“The next morning I found a small box of food outside my house”可知，“我”告诉他，我们需要吃的东西。

13．A.knocked at B．broken into
C．torn down D．closed up
答案：A根据空格后“I thought it was the wind whipping against the door”可知，那天晚上，“我”听到有轻轻的敲门声。

14．A.opened B．shut
C．ignored D．locked
答案：C根据空格前“I thought it was the wind whipping against the door”可知，“我”认为是风吹动门的声音，所以“我”没有理会它。

ignore “忽视，忽略”，符合语境。

15．A.thanks B．fear
C．tears D．pride
答案：C Joe自己生活都很艰难，但是他还给我们送食物吃，所以“我”很感动，眼里满含泪水。

16．A.stupidity B．hospitality
C．love D．sympathy
答案：D由第12空后Joe的答语可知，“我”利用了他对“我”的同情，“我”感觉很羞愧。

sympathy “怜悯，同情”，符合语境。

17．A.confessed B．translated
C．repeated D．recommended
答案：A“我”向“我”的父亲坦白了整个事情，并且说“我”想归还这个盒子。

18．A.suggested B．insisted
C．ordered D．decided
答案：B根据空格后“otherwise it would hurt Joe's feelings”可知，“我”父亲责骂了“我”，并且坚决要求“我”留下这个盒子。

19．A.fresh B．cheap
C．valuable D．tasty
答案：D尽管食物并不美味，但是“我”知道Joe已经给出了他所拥有的最好的食物。

tasty “美味的”。

20．A.appreciate B．give
C．cherish D．deserve
答案：D根据语境可知，“我”不值得得到这件礼物。

deserve “值得”，符合语
境。

Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
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篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。

文章介绍了几本亚马逊网站的畅销书的详细情况。

1．Which of the following books save you the most?
A．Furiously Happy. B．Make Your Bed.
C．The Silent Wife. D．Magpie Murders.
答案：A细节理解题。

根据文中四本书的“save you ...”处的信息可知，四本书的省
钱数分别为$4.35，$7.6，$10.04 (Paperback)，$11.8(Hardcover)及$5.4，由此可知，省钱最多的书是第三本书，即Furiously Happy。

故选A。

2．Which of the following books can be ordered in advance?
A．The Silent Wife. B．Make Your Bed.
C．Furiously Happy. D．Magpie Murders.
答案：D细节理解题。

根据Magpie Murders中的“Available for pre－order.”可知，这本书可以提前预订。

故选D。

3．What do all the books have in common?
A．They are all best sellers of the same year.
B．They all have hardcover and paperback.
C．They are all mystery stories.
D．They all have discounted prices.
答案：D细节理解题。

根据每本书中的价格信息可知，这几本书的共同特点是都是打折销售。

故选D。

B
(2019·广西桂林适应性考试)Finding your feet in a new town can be hard, especially if you're covered in fur and don't speak the language. But for pets new to Marlborough, help is at hand.
Marlborough SPCA and the Railway Café，in Blenheim, have joined forces to help welcome pets and their people to the region with a fortnightly morning tea. They hope the morning teas will get tails and tongues wagging as well as giving advice on how to make the move smoother.
Railway Café owner Leanne Harris came up with the innovative (创新的) plan as a way to help welcome people to the area. Leanne moved to Marlborough from Auckland two years ago and said she initially struggled to find friends and feel part of the community. “Coming from Auckland I thought people would open their doors and that there would be neighbours calling round with cake. I expected people to come to me and, of course, it wasn't like that. I did get lonely. I hope to save newcomers having to wait as long as I did to feel part of it all. I would like to welcome them to the town.”
Free platters of sandwiches, cakes and other goodies will be on offer, for the people, while there will be special handmade yoghurt and banana treats for the dogs. The morning teas will take place in the covered area at the back of the popular cafébeside the railway station off Grove Rd.
Leanne said she was happy to devote both her time and effort into giving back to the community and felt the venture was a great fit with the SPCA.
“V olunteering is such an am azing thing to do and it changed things for me completely, and I met some amazing people with similar interests.”
SPCA Op Shop manager Karina Greenall, originally from the United Kingdom, said she also wanted to help. “I can give advice on how to resettle pets, the best parks to go to, where the best walks are and where the vet centers are in town. There will be volunteering opportunities too for people where they can help out and hopefully make friends too.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲述了马尔堡一家咖啡店的老板想出的一个主意：通过提供上午茶，来帮助刚来到这个地方定居的人们和宠物更好地适应这里的生活。

4．How will Marlborough SPCA and the Railway Café help new pets?
A．By offering morning teas.
B．By giving advice to them.
C．By communicating with them.
D．By providing accommodation to them.
答案：A细节理解题。

根据第二段首句“Marlborough SPCA and the Railway Café，in Blenheim, have joined forces to help welcome pets and their people to the region with a fortnightly morning tea.”可知，这家咖啡馆会通过提供上午茶来帮助刚来到这个地方的宠物和定居者。

故选A。

5．What was Leanne's plan originally intended for?
A．Saving animals.
B．Helping newcomers.
C．Making more friends.
D．Expanding her business.
答案：B细节理解题。

根据第三段最后两句“I hope to save newcomers having to wait as long as I did to feel part of it all. I would like to welcome them to the town.”可知，琳恩计划这样做的目的是为了帮助新的定居者。

故选B。

6．What had Leanne expected when she first came to Marlborough?
A．To be left alone.
B．To struggle for a living.
C．To be invited to dinner.
D．To feel part of the community.
答案：D细节理解题。

根据第三段第二句“Leanne moved to Marlborough from Auckland two years ago and said she initially struggled to find friends and feel part of the community.”及后面她说的话，特别是本段倒数第二句“I hope to save newcomers having to wait as long as I did to feel part of it all.”可知，当她刚来到这个地方的时候，她渴望融入其中，成为其中的一分子。

故选D。

7．What can be learnt about SPCA Op Shop manager Karina Greenall?
A．She often misses the United Kingdom.
B．She takes interest in the Railway Café.
C．She is enthusiastic about resettling pets.
D．She has organized the voluntary events.
答案：C细节理解题。

根据题干中的“SPCA Op Shop manager Karina Greenall”可定位到最后一段，由该段第二句“I can give advice on how to resettle pets, the best parks to go to, where the best walks are and where the vet centers are in town.”可知，她对安置宠物很感兴趣。

故选C。

C
For many Americans, monarch (帝王) butterflies are a sign of changing seasons. In the late summer and early autumn, the butterflies fly south, from Canada and the United States' mainland to Mexico. But Darlene Burgess still keeps seeing the bright, colorful insects in Canada, which greatly surprises her.
Darlene Burgess notices a large number of monarch butterflies at Point Pelee National Park in Ontario, Canada, which attract a lot of visitors. “Nice as this is to see, I really wish I wouldn't see it because they're running out of time，”she said. “It's really not good for them.” Their large numbers are not normal for late October. Monarchs normally arrive in Mexico around November 1st.
There are a few reasons why the monarchs did not fly south when they were supposed to. Some monarchs were born late. Some did not move south because of warm weather. Others could not fly south because of strong winds that lasted for weeks. Now, they may be stuck because temperatures are starting to fall. Elizabeth Howard is a biologist and director of a non －profit group called Journey North. She said the Monarch's muscles do not work well when temperatures go below 15 degrees Celsius.
“Monarchs have faced a number of problems in recent years. Habitat loss, climate change, and chemical pesticides have hurt the butterfly population, but it seemed that the climate change contributed most to the problems，” said Lincoln Brower, a biology professor at Sweet Briar College. Brower has been studying the butterflies since 1954. The colorful creatures also have a decreasing food supply, especially in the form of milkweed, which are the only food they can eat when they are caterpillars (毛虫)．
篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。

对于许多美国人来说，帝王蝶预示着季节的变化。

但如今，帝王蝶却因气候变化等因素的影响而改变了迁徙的习惯。

8．Why does Darlene Burgess feel surprised?
A．She feels the season has greatly changed.
B．She spots many colorful butterflies in Canada.
C．Many monarch butterflies don't fly to America.
D．A lot of monarch butterflies don't leave Canada in autumn.
答案：D细节理解题。

根据文章第一段最后一句“But Darlene Burgess still keeps seeing the bright, colorful insects in Canada, which greatly surprises her.”可知，达琳·伯吉斯仍在加拿大的秋天看到帝王蝶，这个现象使她感到奇怪。

故选D项。

9．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Many butterflies appear in late October.
B．The monarch butterflies are bright and colorful.
C．The number of monarch butterflies is increasing.
D．A lot of monarch butterflies make a beautiful scene.
答案：D指代判断题。

根据文章第二段第一句“Darlene Burgess notices a large number of monarch butterflies at Point Pelee National Park in Ontario, Canada, which attract a lot of visitors.”可知，大量帝王蝶在位于安大略的皮利角国家公园飞舞，吸引了大批游客。

由此可猜测，此处的this应指代上一句提到的这一景象。

故选D项。

10．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．The habits of the monarch butterflies.
B．The changes of the monarch butterflies.
C．Some reasons affecting the monarch butterflies.
D．The living conditions of the monarch butterflies.
答案：C段落大意题。

文章第三段第一句“There are a few reasons why the monarchs did not fly south when they were supposed to.”为本段的主题句，指出帝王蝶在本该飞往南方时却选择留下有几个原因，下文具体列举了各种理由。

故选C项。

11．What has most probably caused monarch butterflies' problems?
A．Habitat loss. B．Climate change.
C．Food shortage. D．Chemical pesticides.
答案：B细节理解题。

根据文章最后一段中的“Monarchs have faced a number of problems in recent years. Habitat loss, climate change, and chemical pesticides have hurt the butterfly population, but it seemed that the climate change contributed most to the problems”可知，帝王蝶面临很多问题，如栖息地的丧失、气候的变化以及杀虫剂的危害等，其中气候变化是最主要的问题。

故选B项。

话题阅读之模拟提升阅读模拟1 & 阅读模拟2
话题写作之模拟提升讨论“低碳生活”
话题写作之模拟提升“Let's Do Something to Save Our Environment”
一．话题综述（考点分析）
“环境保护”是普通高中英语课程标准话题之一，亦是高考英语常考话题。

本话题包括动植物保护、生态保护、自然灾害、环境污染和保护等方面。

这些话题与学生的生活息息相关，联系密切。

通过对这些话题的学习以及高考英语对这些话题的考查，可以让学生多注意身边的人和事、关注社会环境、树立环保意识、学会与大自然和谐相处。

通常以阅读理解、完形填空和书面表达的形式考查。

二．话题阅读之真题感知
（一）【2019·浙江卷】
California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor(因素).
The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.
Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author
of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源).
But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.
The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air
temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt(融雪).
Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.
1．What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A．The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.
B．The increasing variety of California big trees.
C．The distribution of big trees in California forests.
D．The influence of farming on big trees in California.
2．Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?
A．Ecological studies of forests.
B．Banning woodcutting.
C．Limiting housing development.
D．Fire control measures.
3．What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre?
A．Inadequate snowmelt. B．A longer dry season.
C．A warmer climate. D．Dampness of the air.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．California’s Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?
B．Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon
C．Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?
D．Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California
（二）【2018年北京卷】
Plastic-Eating Worms
Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.
Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the
greater wax moth can break down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of
plastics. The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping
bag for 12 hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92
milligrams, or almost 3% of it. To confirm that the worms’ chewing alone was
not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied it to plastic films. 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass — apparently broken down by enzymes (酶) from the worms’ stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017.
Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the s tudy, says the worms’ ability to break down their everyday food — beeswax — also allows them to break down plastic. ＂Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is th ere as well, ＂she explains, ＂The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond. ＂
Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene. But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)?
Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team’s finding s might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process — not simply ＂millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.＂
1. What can we learn about the worms in the study?
A. They take plastics as their everyday food.
B. They are newly evolved creatures.
C. They can consume plastics.
D. They wind up in landfills.
2. According to Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step of the study is to .
A. identify other means of the breakdown
B. find out the source of the enzyme
C. confirm the research findings
D. increase the breakdown speed
3. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might .
A. help to raise worms
B. help make plastic bags
C. be used to clean the oceans
D. be produced in factories in future
4. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To explain a study method on worms.
B. To introduce the diet of a special worm.
C. To present a way to break down plastics.
D. To propose new means to keep eco-balance.
三. 话题词汇（总结+积累）
(一）阅读词汇自测总结
(二）常用词汇拓展积累
1.全球的关注global concern
2.越来越糟get worse and worse/ get from bad to worse/ get more and more serious
3.环境的破坏the destruction of our environment
4.改善环境刻不容缓It’s high time that we did sth to improve the environment
5.提高..的意识raise awareness that /of sth
6.承担保护环境的责任 bear the responsibility to protect our environment
7.呼吁某人做某事call on / call for/ appeal to sb to do sth
8.时间不等人the clock is ticking
9.努力做某事make all efforts/ endeavor /make one’s utmost effort / go all out/try all means to do sth
10.采取行动/措施去take action /take measures to do
11.改善目前的状况improve the present situation
12.关注pay attention to doing/show concern for sth
13.伤害/损害.. cause harm/damage to
14.不惜任何代价at all cost
15.只要so/as long as
16.承担做某事的责任take the responsibility of doing sth
17.以牺牲..作为代价at the cost/ expense of our environment
18.保护环境Protect the environment
19.环境污染Environmental pollution
20.释放有毒气体Give off/release poisonous gas
21.受到严重污染Be seriously polluted
22.对…有害Do harm to / be harmful to
23.(不)注意环保Pay (no) attention to
24.灭绝die out
25.多植树Plant more trees
26.把垃圾分类Sort the rubbish
27.回收垃圾Recycle the rubbish
28.受益良多Benefit a lot
29.保持生态平衡Keep the balance of nature
30.防止人们污染河流Prevent people from polluting the rivers
31.为了提高生活质量，环境保护变得越来越重要
In order to improve the quality of our life, it becomes more and more important to…
32.随着科技的进步，环境污染越来越严重
With the development of science and technology, more and more pollution is produced
33. 我们应该立刻采取措施与污染作斗争
We should take immediate action / steps to fight against…
34.唯有这种方式我们才能享受新鲜空气，活得健康
Only in this way can we enjoy fresh air and live a healthy life.
35.To cherish the enviroment is to love ourselves.爱护环境就是爱护我们自己
36.I make an urgent appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation
37.我急切呼吁应该采取措施改变现状
38.We are sure that we''ll win the battle.我们坚信我们能赢得战斗
39.Keep our mountains green,the wate clean,and the sky blue.使我们山更绿，水更清，天更蓝
40.Our earth's days are numbered without urgent help.没有及时的帮助我们的地球就屈指可数了.
41.（Sth.）are bound to generate severe consequences if we keep turning a blink eye to them.
如果我们继续睁一只眼闭一只眼的话，......一定会有恶劣的后果
42.近来环保已经引起了全球的关注。

Environmental protection has caused global concern recently.
43.我们应该马上采取措施来保护我们的环境免受污染。

It’s high time we took immediate measures to protect our earth from being polluted.
44.每个人都应该提高保护地球的意识。

Everybody should raise the awar eness that it’s our duty to protect our mother earth.
45.你不难发现每个人都在伤害地球，然而他们可能自己都没有意识到这一点。

You cannot difficultly see that everybody actually is causing damage to the mother earth, which , however, they may not be realizing.
四．话题阅读之模拟提升
（一）Drive through any suburb in the US today, and it's hard to miss the recycling bins that have become companions to America's trash cans. Recycling has become common, as people recognize the need to care for the environment. Yet most people's recycling consciousness extends only as far as paper, bottles, and cans. People seldom find themselves facing the growing problem of ewaste.
Ewaste rapidly increases as the technofashionable frequently upgrade to the most advanced devices, and the majority of them end up in landfills (垃圾填埋地). Some people who track such waste say that users throw away nearly 2 million tons of TVs, VCRs, computers, cell phones, and other electronics every year. Unless we can find a safe replacement, this ewaste may get into the ground and poison the water with dangerous toxins (毒素), such as lead, mercury, and arsenic. Burning the waste also dangerously contaminates the air. However, ewaste often contains reusable silver, gold, and other electrical materials. Recycling these materials reduces environmental problems by reducing both landfill waste and the need to look for such metals, which can destroy ecosystems.
A growing number of states have adopted laws to ban dumping ewaste. Still, less than a quarter of this waste will reach lawful recycling programs. Some companies advertising safe disposal in fact merely ship the waste to some developing countries, where it still ends up in landfills. These organizations prevent progress by unsafely disposing of waste in an outofsight, outofmind location.
However, the small but growing number of cities and corporations that do handle ewaste responsibly represents progress toward making the world a cleaner, better place for us all.
1.What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A.Many Americans now have access to recycling bins.
B.Ewaste cannot be put into trash cans in the US.
C.Most Americans have realized the dangers of ewaste.
D.Most of America's trash cans are made of recycled material.
2.What can best replace the underlined word “contaminates”in Paragraph 2?
A.Pollutes.
B.Heats.
C.Absorbs.
D.Reduces.
3.How does the author feel about burying ewaste in landfills?
A.It's important.
B.It's unsafe.
C.It's acceptable.
D.It's uncommon.
4.What's the author's purpose in writing this text?
A.To tell us how to recycle ewaste.
B.To talk about the future of ewaste.
C.To discuss if it's necessary to recycle ewaste.
D.To encourage us to deal with ewaste properly.
（二）．The internet has led to a huge increase in credit-card(信用卡) fraud. Your card information could even be for sale in an illegal Website(非法网站). Websites offering cheap goods and services should be regarded with care Online shoppers who enter their credit-card information may never receive the goods they thought they bought.
The thieves then go shopping with your card number—or sell the information over the Internet. Computer hackers(黑客)have broken down security(安全) system, raising questions about the safety of card holder information.
Several months ago, 25,000 customers of a CD universe, an online music retailer(批发商), were not lucky. Their names, addresses and credit-card numbers were posted on a Website after the retailer refused to pay US $ 157,828 to get back the information.
Credit-card firms are now fighting against online fraud. Master-card is working on plans for Web only credit-card, with a lower credit limit. The card could be used only for shopping online. However , there are a few simple steps you can take to keep from being cheated.
Ask about your credit-card firm’s online rules: under British law, cardholders are responsible for the first US $ 78 of any fraudulent spending. And shop only at secure sites: send your credit-card information only if the Website offers advanced secure system.
If the security is in place, a letter will appear in the bottom right-hand corner of your screen. The Website address may also start http://--the extra “s”stands for secure. If in doubt, give your credit-card information over the telephone.
Keep your password safe: most online sites require a user name and password before placing an order. Treat your password with care.
1. The underlined word “fraud”in the first paragraph probably means ______.
A. cheating
B. sale
C. payment
D. use
2. According to this passage most people worry about shopping on the Internet because ______.
A. a great number of stolen credit-cards are sold on the Internet every day
B. fraud on the Internet happens very often
C. many Websites break down every day
D. there are too many illegal Websites on the Internet
3. Thieves usually get the information of the credit-card ______.
A. because many customers lost their cards
B. by paying money for people working in the information companies
C. because of the carelessness of the customers
D. by stealing the information from Websites
4. If the passwords of your credit-cards are not probably kept, _____.
A. the bank and the shop will suffer great losses
B. you will not be able to get back your information
C. you might suffer great losses
D. the bank will answer for your loss
5. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. How to Beat Online Credit-card Thieves
B. How to Shop on the Internet
C. Never Use Credit-card Without an Advanced Computer
D. Why Thieves Steal Credit-card Information
五．话题写作之模拟提升1
假定你是李华，最近你们班就“低碳”生活方式进行了讨论，你的美国朋友Jack来信向你询问讨论情况，请你用英语写封回信，简单介绍以下讨论结果：
1. 节水节电；
2. 垃圾分类；
3. 少用纸巾，重拾手帕；
4. 步行，骑自行车或乘坐公交车。

参考词汇：低碳low carbon 纸巾tissue
注意：
1.词数150以内；
2.可适当增加细节了，以使行文连贯；
3.开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Dear Jack,
Thank you for your letter asking about our discussion on low carbon lifestyle. Here is something about it.
______________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六．话题写作之模拟提升2
近年来，我国大部分地区遭受雾霾侵袭，造成这一现象的主要原因是工厂排出的废气和汽车尾气等，低碳、环保已成为当今时代的主题，从我们身边的小事做起，保护环境。

现请以“Let's Do Something to Save Our Environment”为题，写一篇短文。

附：答案
一．话题阅读之真题感知
（一）．1--4 ADCA
【解析】这是一篇说明文。

根据一项研究显示，自20世纪30年代以来，加州已经损失了一半的大树，而气候变化似乎是其主要因素。

1．主旨大意题。

第二段中，作者用具体数据说明了大树损失在各个地区的严重程度，没有任何地区幸免或不受影响，故选A。

2．推理判断题。

根据第三段最后一句Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源).可知，对野火的控制使得加利福尼亚的森林里挤满了小树，与大树争夺资源，也就是对野火的控制是善意的，但对大树产生了不利的影响。

故选D。

3．细节理解题。

根据最后一段the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.可知，造成加州水资源短缺的最大因素是温度升高，这导致树木向空气中流失更多的水分，以及更早的融雪，这减少了旱季对树木的供水量。

故选。