低温胁迫下2种木薯幼苗形态及抗渗透差异
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1. College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; 2. Potato Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; 3. Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; 4. Key Labortory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; 5. Orient Science &Technology College of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
关键词：木薯；低温；抗渗透响应
中图分类号：S533
文献标识码：A
Anti-osmotic Response of ‘F200’ and ‘SC8’ Cassava Seedlings under Low Temperature Stress
YI Tuo1, WANG Xin1, YANG Chuang1, ZHU Jiehui5*, SONG Yong1,2,3,4*
摘 要：为探究木薯的耐寒性及其在低温胁迫下抗渗透响应，对耐寒‘F200’木薯和低温敏感品种‘华南 8 号’（‘SC8’）
木薯幼苗在人工低温条件下进行 4 ℃低温处理，分别观测处理前和处理 3、6、12、24 h 下不同木薯品种生长表型情况
以及渗透性物质含量变化情况。结果表明：随着胁迫时间的增加，‘F200’木薯幼苗上介
2020-06-23；修回日期 2020-07-29 财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目（No. CARS-11-HNSY）；2020 年度湖南省 大学生创新创业训练计划项目（No. 2406）。 易 拓（1995—），男，硕士，研究方向：蔬菜栽培生理。*通信作者（Corresponding author）：朱杰辉（ZHU Jiehui）， 850367532@；宋 勇（SONG Yong），E-mail：songyong1117@。
酸（Pro）的含量均逐渐升高；低温胁迫下，‘F200’木薯的总叶绿素减少 64.23%，且小于‘SC8’的 78.15%，二者差
异不显著；REC 增加 11.48%，且显著小于‘SC8’的 188%；MDA 增加 14.74%，且显著小于‘SC8’的 20.98%；Pro
增加 90.53%，显著大于‘SC8’的 27.95%；SP 增加 12.96%，且大于‘SC8’的 17.82%，二者无显著差异；SP 增加 45.18%，
1600
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第 42 卷
showed a trend of first aggravating and then reducing. With the extension of low temperature stress, the relative chlorophyll content of cassava leaves showed a process of first sharp decline, then rise, and then decline, relative conductivity and malondioxide, content of aldehyde, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and proline gradually increased. Under low temperature stress, the total chlorophyll of ‘F200’ cassava decreased by 64.23% and was 78.15% less than that of ‘SC8’, but the difference was not significant, the relative conductivity increased by 11.48% and was significant less than that of ‘SC8’ (188%), malondialdehyde increased by 14.74% and significantly less than that of ‘SC8’ (20.98%), proline increased by 90.53% and was significantly greater than that of ‘SC8’ (27.95%), soluble protein increased by 12.96% and was greater than that of ‘SC8’ (17.82%), but there was no significant difference between the two, the soluble sugar increased by 45.18% and was significantly greater than that of ‘SC8’ (2.16%). It can be seen that under low temperature stress, ‘F200’ cassava can alleviate the damage caused by low temperature to cassava seedlings by enhancing the scavenging ability of H2O2, enhancing photosynthesis, and increasing the content of osmotic adjustment substances. This study would lay foundation for the in-depth study of the low temperature tolerance mechanism of cassava and the low temperature breeding. The morphological structure and physiological indexes of low temperature tolerant cassava ‘F200’ and low temperature sensitive cassava ‘SC8’ were significantly different under low temperature stress, which could be used as a reference index for evaluation of low temperature tolerance of cassava germplasm resources.
热带作物学报 2021, 42(6): 15991605 Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
低温胁迫下 2 种木薯幼苗形态及抗渗透差异
易 拓1，王 馨1，杨 闯1，朱杰辉5*，宋 勇1,2,3,4*
1. 湖南农业大学园艺学院，湖南长沙 410128；2. 湖南省马铃薯中心，湖南长沙 410128；3. 园艺作物种质创新与新品种 选育教育部工程研究中心，湖南长沙 410128；4. 蔬菜生物学湖南省重点实验室，湖南长沙 410128；5. 湖南农业大学东 方科技学院，湖南长沙 410128
且显著大于‘SC8’的 2.16%。可见，低温胁迫下，‘F200’木薯通过增强 H2O2 的清除能力、增强光合作用、增加渗透 调节物质含量等途径，缓解了低温对木薯幼苗造成的伤害。低温耐受型木薯‘F200’和低温敏感型木薯‘SC8’的形态
结构和生理指标在低温胁迫下存在明显差异，可作为木薯种质资源耐低温性评价的参考指标。
‘SC8’所有叶片均严重萎焉，顶部叶片甚至出现脱水现象；‘F200’木薯叶片受 H2O2 的损害轻于‘SC8’，相对于‘SC8’ 的损伤持续增加，‘F200’呈现先加重后减轻的趋势；随着低温胁迫时间的延长，木薯叶片的相对叶绿素含量呈现先急
剧下降、再上升、后下降的过程；相对电导率（REC）和丙二醛（MDA）、可溶性糖（SS）、可溶性蛋白（SP）、脯氨
Abstract: In order to explore the cold tolerance of cassava and its response to osmosis under low temperature stress, the cold-tolerant ‘F200’ cassava and the low-temperature sensitive variety ‘Huanan 8’ (‘SC8’) cassava seedlings were treated at 4 ℃ under artificial low temperature conditions, and the treatments were observed separately. The growth phenotype of different cassava varieties and the change of osmotic substance content under 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h before and after treatment. With the increase of stress time, the upper and lower leaves of ‘F200’ cassava seedlings showed mild wilting, while all the leaves of ‘SC8’ were severely wilted, and the top leaves were even dehydrated. The leaves of ‘F200’ were less damaged by H2O2 than ‘SC8’. Compared with the continuous increase in the damage of ‘SC8’, ‘F200’
Keywords: cassava; low temperature; anti-penetration response
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.06.013
木薯（Manihot esculenta Crantz）为大戟科植 物，别名树薯[1]。原产于美洲热带地区的亚马逊 河流域，是世界七大粮食作物之一，与马铃薯、 甘薯并列为世界三大薯类作物，有着“地下粮仓” “淀粉之王”的美称[2]。木薯用途广泛，具有高 膳食纤维、高钙、高钾、低糖、低脂的特点，能 加工成鲜食、淀粉、全粉三大类食品[3]，工业上， 在木薯淀粉加工、清洁能源、医疗、造纸和化工 等领域发展。我国木薯每年进口量达千万吨级别， 且年增长率处于较高水平[4]，相较于我国旺盛的 需求，由于种植区域的限制，木薯自给能力较弱， 为了保证国家粮食安全，有必要扩大木薯适种区 域以及增加产量[5]。
低温对植物正常生长有着较大的负面作用， 当植物正常生长温度没有得到满足，会导致生长 受抑制，最终造成作物减产[6]。木薯广泛种植于 南、北纬 30°以内的热带、亚热带地区，适宜生 长年平均温度为 20 ℃以上地区，当温度低于 15 ℃时会抑制其正常生长[7]。中国热带地区处于 世界热带地区的北边缘，完全适合木薯生长的地 区较少，为了扩大木薯种植面积，保证我国的粮 食安全，国家木薯产业技术体系“十二五”期间 提出“木薯北移”战略，将湖南、江西、贵州、 福建等省份作为木薯北移区域[8]。目前，有关木 薯抗渗透方面的研究较少，而可评价与木薯抗渗 透相关生理指标研究尚无报道。对低温耐受性木 薯‘F200’和低温敏感性木薯‘SC8’进行低温 胁迫，分析其耐低温相关形态结构及生理相应的
关键词：木薯；低温；抗渗透响应
中图分类号：S533
文献标识码：A
Anti-osmotic Response of ‘F200’ and ‘SC8’ Cassava Seedlings under Low Temperature Stress
YI Tuo1, WANG Xin1, YANG Chuang1, ZHU Jiehui5*, SONG Yong1,2,3,4*
摘 要：为探究木薯的耐寒性及其在低温胁迫下抗渗透响应，对耐寒‘F200’木薯和低温敏感品种‘华南 8 号’（‘SC8’）
木薯幼苗在人工低温条件下进行 4 ℃低温处理，分别观测处理前和处理 3、6、12、24 h 下不同木薯品种生长表型情况
以及渗透性物质含量变化情况。结果表明：随着胁迫时间的增加，‘F200’木薯幼苗上介
2020-06-23；修回日期 2020-07-29 财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目（No. CARS-11-HNSY）；2020 年度湖南省 大学生创新创业训练计划项目（No. 2406）。 易 拓（1995—），男，硕士，研究方向：蔬菜栽培生理。*通信作者（Corresponding author）：朱杰辉（ZHU Jiehui）， 850367532@；宋 勇（SONG Yong），E-mail：songyong1117@。
酸（Pro）的含量均逐渐升高；低温胁迫下，‘F200’木薯的总叶绿素减少 64.23%，且小于‘SC8’的 78.15%，二者差
异不显著；REC 增加 11.48%，且显著小于‘SC8’的 188%；MDA 增加 14.74%，且显著小于‘SC8’的 20.98%；Pro
增加 90.53%，显著大于‘SC8’的 27.95%；SP 增加 12.96%，且大于‘SC8’的 17.82%，二者无显著差异；SP 增加 45.18%，
1600
热带作物学报
第 42 卷
showed a trend of first aggravating and then reducing. With the extension of low temperature stress, the relative chlorophyll content of cassava leaves showed a process of first sharp decline, then rise, and then decline, relative conductivity and malondioxide, content of aldehyde, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and proline gradually increased. Under low temperature stress, the total chlorophyll of ‘F200’ cassava decreased by 64.23% and was 78.15% less than that of ‘SC8’, but the difference was not significant, the relative conductivity increased by 11.48% and was significant less than that of ‘SC8’ (188%), malondialdehyde increased by 14.74% and significantly less than that of ‘SC8’ (20.98%), proline increased by 90.53% and was significantly greater than that of ‘SC8’ (27.95%), soluble protein increased by 12.96% and was greater than that of ‘SC8’ (17.82%), but there was no significant difference between the two, the soluble sugar increased by 45.18% and was significantly greater than that of ‘SC8’ (2.16%). It can be seen that under low temperature stress, ‘F200’ cassava can alleviate the damage caused by low temperature to cassava seedlings by enhancing the scavenging ability of H2O2, enhancing photosynthesis, and increasing the content of osmotic adjustment substances. This study would lay foundation for the in-depth study of the low temperature tolerance mechanism of cassava and the low temperature breeding. The morphological structure and physiological indexes of low temperature tolerant cassava ‘F200’ and low temperature sensitive cassava ‘SC8’ were significantly different under low temperature stress, which could be used as a reference index for evaluation of low temperature tolerance of cassava germplasm resources.
热带作物学报 2021, 42(6): 15991605 Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
低温胁迫下 2 种木薯幼苗形态及抗渗透差异
易 拓1，王 馨1，杨 闯1，朱杰辉5*，宋 勇1,2,3,4*
1. 湖南农业大学园艺学院，湖南长沙 410128；2. 湖南省马铃薯中心，湖南长沙 410128；3. 园艺作物种质创新与新品种 选育教育部工程研究中心，湖南长沙 410128；4. 蔬菜生物学湖南省重点实验室，湖南长沙 410128；5. 湖南农业大学东 方科技学院，湖南长沙 410128
且显著大于‘SC8’的 2.16%。可见，低温胁迫下，‘F200’木薯通过增强 H2O2 的清除能力、增强光合作用、增加渗透 调节物质含量等途径，缓解了低温对木薯幼苗造成的伤害。低温耐受型木薯‘F200’和低温敏感型木薯‘SC8’的形态
结构和生理指标在低温胁迫下存在明显差异，可作为木薯种质资源耐低温性评价的参考指标。
‘SC8’所有叶片均严重萎焉，顶部叶片甚至出现脱水现象；‘F200’木薯叶片受 H2O2 的损害轻于‘SC8’，相对于‘SC8’ 的损伤持续增加，‘F200’呈现先加重后减轻的趋势；随着低温胁迫时间的延长，木薯叶片的相对叶绿素含量呈现先急
剧下降、再上升、后下降的过程；相对电导率（REC）和丙二醛（MDA）、可溶性糖（SS）、可溶性蛋白（SP）、脯氨
Abstract: In order to explore the cold tolerance of cassava and its response to osmosis under low temperature stress, the cold-tolerant ‘F200’ cassava and the low-temperature sensitive variety ‘Huanan 8’ (‘SC8’) cassava seedlings were treated at 4 ℃ under artificial low temperature conditions, and the treatments were observed separately. The growth phenotype of different cassava varieties and the change of osmotic substance content under 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h before and after treatment. With the increase of stress time, the upper and lower leaves of ‘F200’ cassava seedlings showed mild wilting, while all the leaves of ‘SC8’ were severely wilted, and the top leaves were even dehydrated. The leaves of ‘F200’ were less damaged by H2O2 than ‘SC8’. Compared with the continuous increase in the damage of ‘SC8’, ‘F200’
Keywords: cassava; low temperature; anti-penetration response
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.06.013
木薯（Manihot esculenta Crantz）为大戟科植 物，别名树薯[1]。原产于美洲热带地区的亚马逊 河流域，是世界七大粮食作物之一，与马铃薯、 甘薯并列为世界三大薯类作物，有着“地下粮仓” “淀粉之王”的美称[2]。木薯用途广泛，具有高 膳食纤维、高钙、高钾、低糖、低脂的特点，能 加工成鲜食、淀粉、全粉三大类食品[3]，工业上， 在木薯淀粉加工、清洁能源、医疗、造纸和化工 等领域发展。我国木薯每年进口量达千万吨级别， 且年增长率处于较高水平[4]，相较于我国旺盛的 需求，由于种植区域的限制，木薯自给能力较弱， 为了保证国家粮食安全，有必要扩大木薯适种区 域以及增加产量[5]。
低温对植物正常生长有着较大的负面作用， 当植物正常生长温度没有得到满足，会导致生长 受抑制，最终造成作物减产[6]。木薯广泛种植于 南、北纬 30°以内的热带、亚热带地区，适宜生 长年平均温度为 20 ℃以上地区，当温度低于 15 ℃时会抑制其正常生长[7]。中国热带地区处于 世界热带地区的北边缘，完全适合木薯生长的地 区较少，为了扩大木薯种植面积，保证我国的粮 食安全，国家木薯产业技术体系“十二五”期间 提出“木薯北移”战略，将湖南、江西、贵州、 福建等省份作为木薯北移区域[8]。目前，有关木 薯抗渗透方面的研究较少，而可评价与木薯抗渗 透相关生理指标研究尚无报道。对低温耐受性木 薯‘F200’和低温敏感性木薯‘SC8’进行低温 胁迫，分析其耐低温相关形态结构及生理相应的