2021届高考英语二轮复习：完形填空-议论文专练含解析

完形填空——议论文专练
Test 1
In the past，people used to make clothes and do repairs on things in the house more than nowadays.I think the difference between then and now has been __1__ by a number of reasons such as the quantity of other __2__，the differences in jobs and in lifestyles，etc.
In the past，after people finished their workdays，it was still __3__ and they didn't have too many other activities to do，__4__ they spent their free time doing some repairs and many women used to make clothes(Most of them didn't even have a job)．Nowadays，__5__，a large number of women work and both men and women have to deal with the pressures of work and they usually work __6__ hours，so they have little time to do repairs or make clothes themselves.
Another reason that has led to this __7__ is that people have less and less time for a __8__ that requires a lot of time.And when their hobby needs some knowledge，they have little time to learn it.Because everything that they want to __9__ is more technical and complicated than before，doing repairs takes up too much __10__ and people nearly always have to turn to a qualified technician.
Besides，traditions are being lost because people learn traditions from their __11__ when they are young，but nowadays，young people have too many hobbies like sports，video games，computers，cinemas，amusement parks，chat rooms and __12__ spend any of their free time __13__ their parents.
__14__，globalization and the great technical advances in the home are also contributing factors，so this situation is __15__ around the world.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文。

文章主要探讨了现代的人不再像以前的人们那样经常在家做衣服和修理物品的原因。

1．A.planned B．allowed
C．caused D．noted
解析：在下文中，作者列举了“导致(cause)”现代人不像过去的人们那样自己做衣服和修理物品的几个原因。

答案：C
2．A.habits B．thoughts
C．activities D．judgments
解析：由第二段中的“they didn't have too many other activities to do”可知，此处介绍的影响因素是“活动(activity)”的数量。

答案：C
3．A.special B．hot
C．normal D．early
解析：由下文中的“they spent their free time doing some repairs and many women...”可知，在过去，人们下班之后天色还“早(early)”，因为没有其他事情可做，“所以(so)”他们在空闲时间修理物品和做衣服。

答案：D
4．A.but B．so
C．if D．because
解析：解析参见上题。

答案：B
5．A.however B．therefore
C．otherwise D．besides
解析：上文中的“most of them didn't even have a job”和下文中的a large number of women work构成转折关系，因此应用however。

答案：A
6．A.flexible B．long
C．difficult D．happy
解析：由下文中的“so they have little time to do repairs or make clothes themselves”可知，他们需要工作很“长(long)”时间。

答案：B
7．A.mistake B．relationship
C．idea D．situation
解析：本空指现代的人们不再像以前的人们那样经常自己做衣服和修理物品的这种“情况(situation)”。

答案：D
8．A.job B．dream
C．hobby D．meeting
解析：由下文中的their hobby可知此题选C。

答案：C
9．A.fix B．buy
C．copy D．check
解析：由下文中的doing repairs takes up too much...可知，此处表示：你想“修理(fix)”的东西变得更专业、更复杂。

答案：A
10．A.luck B．power
C．courage D．time
解析：由上文中的requires a lot of time可知，做修理工作会花费很多“时间(time)”。

答案：D
11．A.teachers B．friends
C．neighbors D．parents
解析：由下文中的their parents可知此题选D。

答案：D
12．A.hardly B．usually
C．actually D．completely
解析：由上文中的have too many hobbies可知，他们“几乎没有(hardly)”花时间向他们的父母学习传统技艺。

答案：A
13．A.looking after B．learning from
C．cheering for D．knowing about
解析：由上文中的people learn traditions可知，此处指向父母“学习(learning from)”传统技艺。

答案：B
14．A.After all B．At least
C．For example D．At last
解析：由上文中的besides及下文中的are also contributing factors可知，此处指“最后”，故选D。

答案：D
15．A.happening B．passing
C．disappearing D．serving
解析：由上文中的globalization and the great technical advances 可知，这种情况在全世界都正在“发生(happening)”。

答案：A
Test 2
(2020·临沂三校联考)Social media(社交媒体)has become a part of human life.The main positive effect of social media is also its __1__： connection.Modern life can be very __2__．Many people work long hours.Other people live far away from family
and friends.And it can be __3__ to stay connected with the people that are important to us.With social media，people everywhere can __4__ with each other.
Social media can also help people __5__ news about big world events.This lets people all over the world act more __6__．
It is __7__ social media has many positive effects.But some scientists __8__ people that it can also be harmful.When people put things on social media，they only __9__ the best.They __10__ the fun things they are doing or show pictures that make them look __11__．So，when people look at these，they are only seeing __12__ of their friends' lives.This can make them feel less __13__ with their own lives.And，they can begin to feel envy(嫉妒)__14__ their friends' lives look so perfect.
You can use it or not use it as much as you __15__．But we may need to think more carefully about how we use it and how it makes us feel.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文。

文章主要论述了社交媒体的利与弊。

1．A.interest B．purpose
C．chance D．method
解析：根据该空后的connection以及该段接下来具体介绍社交媒体将世界各地的人连接在一起可知，社交媒体的主要好处也是其“目的(purpose)”所在。

答案：B
2．A.busy B．short
C．cool D．strange
解析：根据下一句“Many people work long hours.”可知，现代生活很“忙碌(busy)”。

答案：A
3．A.difficult B．exciting
C．simple D．surprising
解析：根据上文“Other people live far away from family and friends.”可知，一些人远离家人和朋友，因此，很难与这些亲朋好友保持联系。

答案：A
4．A.work B．live
C．play D．connect
解析：该段主要讲述社交媒体帮助人们保持联系，故填connect。

该段中的connection，stay connected with均为提示。

答案：D
5．A.make B．spread
C．use D．control
解析：根据下一句中的“This lets people all over the world act...”可知，社交媒体帮助人们“传播(spread)”关于世界上重大事件的新闻。

答案：B
6．A.naturally B．publicly
C．correctly D．quickly
解析：由常识可知，社交媒体让人们更“快地(quickly)”行动起来。

答案：D
7．A.clear B．special
C．common D．popular
解析：前面讲述了社交媒体的好处：有助于人们保持联系和帮助传播重大新闻。

这些好处是“显而易见的(clear)”。

答案：A
8．A.promise B．teach
C．warn D．advise
解析：根据该空后的“it can also be harmful”可知，一些科学家“警告(warn)”人们社交媒体也可能是有害的。

答案：C
9．A.remember B．enjoy
C．choose D．discover
解析：根据下文中的fun things和“their friends' lives look so perfect”可知，通常情况下，人们只“挑选(choose)”自己最好的东西在社交媒体上展示。

答案：C
10．A.think of B．talk about
C．notice D．love
解析：根据本句后半部分中的or show pictures可知，他们在社交媒体上“谈论(talk about)”生活中发生的有趣的事情。

答案：B
11．A.normal B．good
C．famous D．serious
解析：该空与前面的fun things是并列关系，故选good。

答案：B
12．A.part B．problems
C．the rest D．the past
解析：根据本段可知，人们在社交媒体上往往只展现出自己最好的一面，那么其他人也只是看到这些朋友生活的“部分(part)”，而非全貌。

答案：A
13．A.careful B．patient
C．angry D．satisfied
解析：根据下一句中的begin to feel envy可知，一些人对自己的生活感到不太“满意(satisfied)”。

答案：D
14．A.and B．but
C．because D．so
解析：feel envy的原因是“their friends' lives look so perfect”，故填because。

答案：C
15．A.like B．try
C．know D．expect
解析：根据该空前的“You can use it or not use it”可知，你可以根据自己的“喜好(like)”来决定使用社交媒体与否及其使用频率。

答案：A
Test 3
We all know that some things are obviously right.For example，it is right to be __1__ to other people.It is also right to look after the environment.Some things are __2__ wrong，too.For instance，we should not hurt or bully(欺负)others，nor should we litter.Rules often tell us what is right or wrong.
Rules can help the public make the right __3__，and remain safe.Car drivers have to obey traffic regulations that tell them the right things to do on the road to avoid crashes.Cyclists who give signals before turning or stopping help prevent __4__．If people follow rules without taking other matters into consideration，it will be __5__ for them to form what is sometimes calle d a “black and white” view.For example，they may believe that people should always tell the truth，and that lying is __6__ acceptable.Such people always stick to their views，even if it means that they may get into __7__．
Sometimes it may not be so easy to know __8__ what is right or wrong.Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is __9__ to eat animals，but others argue that they can eat meat and __10__ be kind to animals；some insist that stealing is always wrong，but others think that one does not need to feel so __11__ when stealing
some food to eat，if he lives in a really poor area and he is __12__．Rules help us live together in harmony，because they show us the right way to __13__ others.However，some people argue that rules may be __14__，having observed that rules change all the time，and that some schools have some regulations and others have different ones—so who is to __15__ what is right?
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文。

在日常生活中，我们有许多的规章制度。

有的规章制度的存在是无形的，有的是显而易见的。

人们都在遵守着这些规章制度。

1．A.kind B．sensitive
C．fair D．generous
解析：与下文hurt or bully others意义相对的应是be kind to other people。

故选A项。

句意：我们知道，一些事情是明显正确的，比如，善待别人。

答案：A
2．A.equally B．slightly
C．clearly D．increasingly
解析：与第一句中“some things are obviously right”中的obviously相对应，故选同义词clearly。

答案：C
3．A.suggestions B．conclusions
C．turns D．choices
解析：由常识和下句“...tell them the right things to do on the road to avoid crashes”可知，规章制度告诉人们如何作出正确的“选择”。

故选D项。

答案：D
4．A.accidents B．mistakes
C．falls D．deaths
解析：由常识和上句中的crashes可知选accidents“事故”。

这里accidents是crashes 同义词复现。

答案：A
5．A.interesting B．vital
C．easy D．valuable
解析：由逻辑推断可知，如果人们遵守规章制度而不用考虑其他事情，他们就很“容易”形成“是非”观。

故选C项。

interesting“有趣的”；vital“重要的”；valuable“有价值的”。

答案：C
6．A.seldom B．rarely
C．merely D．never
解析：根据语境中的反义词复现确定答案。

句中tell the truth与lying相对，而与always 相对的应是never。

故选D项。

答案：D
7．A.trouble B．power
C．prison D．control
解析：由常识可知，坚持己见的人有时也会“get into trouble(惹上麻烦)”。

而“上台(get into power)”与语境不符，“坐牢(get into prison)”是惹上麻烦的一种程度极深的情况，不具有普遍性，但该项干扰最大。

答案：A
8．A.roughly B．eventually
C．deliberately D．exactly
解析：由下文举的例子“Some people choose not to e at meat because they believe that it is __9__ to eat animals，but others argue that they can eat meat and __10__ be kind to animals(有的人认为吃肉对动物残酷，而有的人认为一方面吃肉，一方面对动物友好)”可知，有时很难“严格地”区分正确与错误。

故选D项。

答案：D
9．A.awful B．cruel
C．unhealthy D．unnecessary
解析：根据反义词复现确定答案。

由but可知，应选与下文中kind相对的cruel。

故选B项。

答案：B
10．A.still B．even
C．later D．somehow
解析：他们认为可以吃肉，但对动物“依然”友好。

故选副词still，意为“仍然”。

答案：A
11．A.nervous B．anxious
C．afraid D．guilty
解析：根据常识和俗语“做贼心虚”可知，偷东西应有“犯罪感”，即感到犯了罪(guilty)。

故选D项。

答案：D
12．A.begging B．starving
C．growing D．wandering
解析：根据poor可知，这里指的是穷得没有东西吃，也就是选项中所说的挨饿。

故选B。

答案：B
13．A.follow B．instruct
C．treat D．protect
解析：根据上下文的因果关系可知，“规章制度有助于我们和睦相处，因为规章制度告诉我们‘对待(treat)’他人的正确方式”。

故选C项。

follow“追随”；instruct“指导”；protect“保护”。

答案：C
14．A.disgusting B．confusing
C．unsafe D．unimportant
解析：由最后一句中“that some schools have some regulations and others have different ones...”可知，规章制度也可能是“令人困惑的”。

故选B项。

答案：B
15．A.predict B．explain
C．decide D．consider
解析：根据文章提到的“既然不同学校有不同的规章制度，那么该由谁来‘评判’什么是正确的呢？”可判断最佳答案是C项。

答案：C。