英语八级全考点精练习题含答案解析most

英语八级全考点精练习题含答案解析One of America's most important export is her modern music. _1_ American popular music is playing all over the world. It is enjoyed _2_ by people of all ages in all countries. Because the lyrics are English, _3_ nevertheless people not speaking English enjoy it. The reasons for its popularity are its fast pace and rhythmic beat.The music has many origins in the United States. Country musiqcoming from the suburban areas in the southern United States, is one 4 source. Country music features simple themes and melodies describing day-to-day situations and the feelings of country people. Many people appreciate this music because the emotions expressed by country _5_ music songs. A second origin of American popular music is the blues. It depicted _6_ mostly sad feelings reflecting the difficult lives of American blacks. It
is usually played and sung by black musicians, but it is not popular with _7_ all Americans.
Rock music is a newer form of music. This music style, featuring fast and repetitious rhythms, was influenced by the blues and country music. It is first known as rock-and- roll in the 1950's. Since then there _8_ have been many forms of rock music, hard rock, soft rock, punk rock z disco music and others. Many performers of popular rock music are young musicians.American popular music is marketed to a demanding
audience.Now popular songs are heard on the radio由此我们可以得出此类定语从句的语义特点，具体见下文“特点三”的论述。

特点三：定语从句的基本含义是"如果不是主句所描述的那样，就会出现定语从句所描述的情形"。

上面的例句是对现在虚拟，如果是对过去虚拟，otherwise就相当于虚拟条件从句"if it had not been for此时that定语从句的结构为"that would otherwise have +过去分词"。

请看下面的例句。

2.With the teacher's help, I found many errors that would otherwise have been overlooked.
在老师的帮助下，我发现了很多原本可能被忽略的错误。

本句中定语从句的关系代词that指代先行词many errors,充当定语从句的主语。

整个定语从句相当于这样一个完整的虚拟句："Many errors would have been overlooked if it had not been for the teacher's help.”
（如果当时没有老师的帮助，很多错误就会被忽略了。

）That不充当定语从句的主语
除了主语，that也可以充当定语从句的宾语或表语。

在这样的定语从句中，如果otherwise表达的是对现在虚拟，otherwise就相当于虚拟条件从句"if it were not for,此时that定语从句的结构为"that somebody would otherwise +动词原形”。

请看下面的例句。

3.This （anesthesia） allows patients to undergo surgery and other procedures without the distress and pain that they would otherwise experience.
这（麻醉）能够让病人在手术和其他治疗过程中免受折磨和痛苦。

要不然的话，他们就会受这些罪。

本句的关系代词that指代先行词distress and pain,充当experience 的宾语。

整个定语从句相当于这样一个完整的虚拟句："They would experience distress and pain if it were not for anesthesia.M（如果没有麻醉，病人就会遭受折磨和痛苦。

）如果是对过去虚拟，otherwise就相当于虚拟条件从句"if it had not been for,此时that 定语从句中的结构为"that somebody would otherwise have +过去分词"。

请看下面的例句。

4.He was lured into a crime that he would not otherwise have committed.
他是被引诱犯罪的，要不然的话，他是不会犯的。

本句中关系代词that指代先行词crime,充当commit的宾语。

整个定语从句相当于这样一个完整的虚拟句："He would not have committed the crime if he had not been lured into it."（如果他当时没有受引诱，他就不会犯罪了。

）由此可见，在that不充当主语的定语从句中，0therwise的用法同样符合上文总结出的三个特点。

Otherwise用于than定语从句掌握了otherwise在that定语从句中的用法，我们就容易理解otherwise 在than定语从句中的含义和用法特点了。

参照上述三个特点,otherwise 用于than定语从句时的用法特点可以归纳如下。

特点一：定语从句相当于虚拟主句，改写的时候要注意采用否认形式（这一点不同于that定语从句）。

特点二:Otherwise 相当于虚拟条件从句"if it were not for..."或"if it had not been for ...”。

特点三：定语从句的基本含义是“要不然，就不会出现定语从句所描述的情形"，注意这里采用了否认形式（这一点不同于that定语从句）。

Than充当定语从句的主语如果是对现在虚拟,otherwise就相当于虚拟条件句"if it were not for, 此时than定语从句中的结构为"than would otherwise +动词原形"。

请看下面的例句。

5.Big chains thrive because they provide goods and services of greater variety, better quality, and lower cost than would otherwise be available.
大型连锁商店之所以能蓬勃开展，是因为它们所提供的产品和服务种类更多、质量更好、本钱更低。

如果没有这样的大型连锁商店，就不会有这样的产品和服务。

本句的关系代词than指代先行词"goods and services of greater variety, better quality, and lower cost n, 充当定语从句的主语。

整个定语从句相当于这样一个完整的虚拟句："Goods and services of greater variety, better
quality, and lower cost would not be available if it were not for big chains."(如果没有这样的大型连锁商店，就不会有这样的产品和服务。

)注意，虚拟主句中添加了否认词not, 说成would not be available,才能表达than定语从句的含义。

如果是对过去虚拟，otherwise就相当于虚拟条件从句"if it had not been for,此时than 定语从句的结构为"than would otherwise have +过去分词”。

本文开头的句子就是这种情况(This might sound small, but to undo the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GM AT points than would otherwise have been necessary)。

该句中的otherwise用于than定语从句，关系代词than指代先行词30 moreGM AT points,充当定语从句的主语。

整个定语从句相当于这样一个完整的虚拟句："Thirty more GMAT points would not have been necessary if it had not been for such a decrease."（如果没有这个降分, GMAT考试多出的30分本来是不需要的。

）句首的this指代原题的前文中提到的平均0.075的降分。

整个句子意思如下：这个（平均0.075 的）降分看起来也许不多，但要消除它的影响，一名申请者的GMAT 考试就要多考出本来不需要的30分。

Than不充当定语从句的主语在than充当宾语或表语的定语从句中，如果是对现在虚拟，otherwise 就相当于虚拟条件句"if it were not for,此时than 定语从句中的结构为"than somebody would otherwise + 动词原形”。

有统计数据说明，学历越高挣钱相对会越多，用英文可以这样表达："Well-
educated people make more money than those less well-educated."另一方面，我们也可以与自身进行比拟，比方可以说: 受过良好教育的人所挣的钱比他们不受良好教育的情况下挣得多。

这时就需要用到上面讲到的0therwise虚拟句型了。

6.Well-educated people make more money than they would otherwise do.
受过良好教育的人能挣到更多的钱，如果没有良好的教育，他们就挣不到这么多钱。

本句中定语从句的关系代词than指代先行词money,充当定语从句的宾语。

整个定语从句相当于这样一个完整的虚拟句："They would not make so much money if it were not for their good education."（如果没有良好的教育，他们不会挣到这么多钱。

）如果是对过去虚拟，otherwise就相当于虚拟条件从句"if it had not been for,此时than 定语从句的结构为"than somebody would otherwise have +过去分词"。

请看下面的例句。

7.With the teacher's help, the student got better grades than he would otherwise have done.
因为老师的帮助，这个学生考出了他本来考不到的好成绩。

本句中定语从句的关系代词than指代先行词grades,充当定语从句的宾语。

整个定语从句相当于这样一个完整的虚拟句："He would not have gotten such good grades if it had not been for the teacher's help."（如果没有老师的帮
助，他就考不出这么好的成绩。

）
several times a day. Some songs become popular all over the world. People hear these songs sing _9_ in their original English or sometimes translated into other languages.
The words may coincide but the enjoyment of the music is universal. _10_答案：
1改export为exportSo export作可数名词时指出口商品，同时根据one of结构也可以知道这里export要用复数结构.
2 改playing 为played。

动词play 和句子主语American popular music 是逻辑动宾关系，必须用被动语态.
3改Because为Though或者Althougho此句为让步状语从句.
4改suburban为rural o这里属于词义用错,suburban为城市郊区，乡村音乐显然来自乡村地区.
5 改because 为because of6改depicted为depicts。

本句错在时态.句意为"blues大多抒发哀伤情感，反映美国黑人的艰难生活."为与全文主导时态一致，不能用过去时. 此外,blues现在的风格依旧,故用现在时.
7将not去掉.
8改is为waso此句有过去时间状语in the 1950's,陈述过去的一个事实,故用一般过去时态.
9改sing为sung。

sung引导过去分词短语作宾语补足语,表被动意思.
10改coincide为differ （在may后加not也可以）。

此句含有连词but, 整个句意含有转折语气.
More people die of tuberculosis than of any other disease caused by a single agent This has probably been the case in quite a while. During the _1_ early stages of the industrial revolution, perhaps one in every seventh _2_ deaths in Europe7 s crowded cities were caused by the disease. From _3_ now on, though, western eyes, missing the global picture, saw the trouble _4_ going into decline. With occasional breaks for war, the rates of death and infection in the Europe and America dropped steadily through the 19th and _5_ 20th centuries. In the 1950s, the introduction of antibiotics strengthened the trend in rich countries, and the antibiotics were allowed to be imported to _6_ poor countries. Medical researchers declared victory and withdrew.
They are wrong. In the midl980s the frequency of infections and deaths _7_ started to pick up again around the world. Where tuberculosis vanished, it came _8_ back; in many places where it had never been away, it grew better. The World _9_ Health Organization estimates that 1.7 billion people (a third of the earth' s population)suffer from tuberculosis. Even when the infection rate was falling,population growth kept the number of clinical cases more
or less constantly at 8 _10_ million a year. Around 3 million of those people died, nearly all of them in poor countries.
绞塞・tuberculosis n.肺结核antibiotics n.抗生素，抗生学
1将in改为for。

for quite a while作"相当长时间"讲.
2 将seventh 改为seven3将were改为was。

这个谓语动词的主语是单数短语one in every seven deaths,因此要使用单数.
4将now改为then5将Europe前的the去掉6将imported改为exported。

根据上下文,应该是向穷国出口抗生素, 而不是从这些国家进口抗生素.
7将are改为were 8在vanished前加had。

这里要表达的是〃结核病原来消失的地方, 又爆发了结核病"，所以要使用过去完成时.
9将better改为worse o在结合病没有消失的地方,这种病更加严重了, 因此要用worse.
10 将constantly 改为constant。

在''keep sb/ sth adj"结构中的形容词作补语.
The grammatical words which play so large a part in English grammar are for the most part sharply and obviously different from the lexical words. A rough and ready difference which may seem the most obvious is that grammatical _1_ words have “less meaning”, but in fact some grammarians have called them _2_ "empty" words as
opposed in the 〃full〃 words of vocabulary. But this is a rather _3_ misled way of expressing the distinction. Although a word like the is not the name _4_ of something as man is, it is very far away from being meaningless; there is a _5_ sharp difference in meaning between /z man is vile" and /z the man is vile n , yet the is the single vehicle of this difference in meaning. Moreover, grammatical words _6_ differ considerably among themselves as the amount of meaning they have even in _7_ the lexical sense. Another name for the grammatical words has been 'little words."But size is by no mean a good criterion for distinguishing the grammatical words of English,_8_when we consider that we have lexical words as go, man, say, car. _9_ Apart from this, however, there is a good deal of truth in what some people say:
we certainly do create a great number of obscurity when we omit them. This is _10_ illustrated not only in the poetry of Robert Browning but in the prose of telegrams and newspaper headlines.
1删掉the此处的most并不表示obvious的最高级而是用作副词修饰obvious , 表示程度很高，因此前面不能加the0
2将but改为and根据文章的意思，这里要用并列关系的and。

3将in改为to as apposed to是固定搭配,意思是〃与……相比"。

4 将misled 改为misleading5删掉away此处考查固定用法。

far from
being…意思为"远非""远远不怎么样"，符合这里的意思。

而far away from表示离某处很远。

6将single改为。

nly或者sole这里要表达〃唯一的〃。

7在as后面加to或者将as改为in联系上下文，此处的意思是"grammatical words本身在某某方面也有相当的差异,"as to有 "关于〃或者”在某某方面的意思〃；将as改为in ,用differ from something in...也可表达这个意思。

8 将mean 改为means9将as改为like或者在as前面加such
10将number改为deal或者amount obscurity是不可数名词,不能用a number of来修饰。

1删掉the此处的most并不表示obvious的最高级，而是用作副词修饰obvious ,表示程度很高，因此前面不能加the o This might sound small, but to undo the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GM AT points than would otherwise have been necessary.
本句的难点是than would otherwise have been necessary 这——局部，其中的。

therwise用在定语从句结构中，并与虚拟语气搭配使用。

之所以要用虚拟语气，是因为0therwise的基本含义是〃在相反的情况下〃或
"要不然的话"，表达的是与前面提到的真实情况相反的一个假设情形。

Otherwise的这一用法既可以出现在that/which/who引导的普通定语从句（下文统称为“that定语从句"）中，也可以出现在than引导的特殊定语从句
（下文简称为"than定语从句"）中。

下面我们分别来看otherwise在that定语从句和than定语从句中的用法特点。

Otherwise用于that定语从句在此类定语从句中，关系代词that可以充当定语从句的主语或非主语（如宾语、表语），otherwise所表达的虚拟可以是对现在虚拟，也可以是对过去虚拟。

下面我们来具体分析。

That充当定语从句的主语在关系代词that充当主语的定语从句中，如果otherwise表达的虚拟是对现在虚拟，otherwise就相当于虚拟条件从句"if it were not for, 此时that定语从句的结构为“that would otherwise +动词原形"。

请看下面的例句。

1. They support the services that would otherwise be uneconomical.
他们对这些服务提供了极大的支持，要不然的话，这些服务将会花费不非。

下面就利用这个例句来向大家揭示otherwise用于that定语从句时的用法特点。

特点一：定语从句相当于一个虚拟主句，常用到would等情态动词，而相应的if虚拟条件句被省去了。

在that would otherwise be uneconomical 这个定语从句中，that 指代services,因此这个定语从句相当于一个虚拟主句："The services would be uneconomical."既然有了虚拟主句，那么if虚拟条件从句在哪里？这就涉及该句型的第二个特点。

特点二：定语从句中出现的otherwise是针对主句所述情形进行的相反假设，相当于虚拟条件从句"if it were not for..."0例1中的主句they support the services可以写成虚拟条件从句if it were not for their support,或者写成if they didn't support the services, 这也就是otherwise所表达的含义。

将这个虚拟条件从句与上面的虚拟主句结合起来，就构成这样一个完整的虚拟句："The services would be uneconomical if it were not for their support.”所以，例1 的句子相当于下面的两句话。

a.They support the services.
他们对这些服务提供了支持。

b.The services would be uneconomical if it were not for their support.
如果没有他们的支持，这些服务将会花费不菲。