职称英语等级考试 理工类 第一部分词汇 含答案详解 (word版)范文

职称英语理工类
第一部分词汇选项
下面共有10组词汇学习，每一组词汇学习有15道小题。

在每道题的句子里都有1个词或短语划有底横线。

请在4个选项中找出与加底线的词或短语意义昀相近的一项。

词汇学习1：
1.Will you please call my husband as soon as possible?
A contact
B consult
C phone
D visit
2.We’ll give every teacher space to develop.
A chance
B employment
C room
D opportunity
3.I have to go at once.
A soon
B immediately
C now
D early
4.The policeman asked him to identify the thief.
A name
B distinguish
C capture
D separate
5.We were all there when the accident occurred.
A happened
B broke
C spread
D appeared
6.It took me exactly a week to complete the work.
A do
B achieve
C improve
D finish
7.The herb medicine eventually cured her disease.
A nicely
B apparently
C finally
D naturally
8.We had a long conversation about her parents.
A talk
B speech
C debate
D discussion
9.Please let me know if you are unable to attend the meeting.
A go to
B prepare for
C speak to
D do to
10.He have made up his mind to give up smoking.
A tried
B attempted
C agreed
D decided
11.Your teacher will take your illness into account when marking your exams.
A calculation
B computation
C consideration
D assessment
12.We have to put up with her behavior.
A tolerate
B accept
C swallow
D take
13.They have given up the hope to save their friend from drowning.
A ended
B abandoned
C built
D strengthen
14.I seldom watch TV.
A rarely
B frequently
C normally
D occasionally
15.The dentist has decided to take out the girl’s bad tooth.
A dig
B draw
C pull
D extract
·
1. America’s emphasis on t he importance of education for everyone has spurred scientific
research.
A encouraged
B endangered
C endorsed
D enlarged
*
2. Photojournalist Margaret White became famous for her coverage of significant events during the Second World War.
A baggage
B orphanage
C reportage
D usage
3. Below 600 feet ocean waters range from dimly lit to completely dark.
A inadequately
B hardly
C faintly
D sufficiently
*
4. “I’m not meddling,” Mary said mildly. “I’m just curious.”
A gently
B shyly
C weakly
D sweetly
5. In 1861 it seemed inevitable that the Southern states would break away from the Union.
A strange
B certain
C inconsistent
D proper
6. Many of novelist Carson McCullers’ characters are isolated, disappointed people.
A solitary
B gloomy
C feeble
D frugal
7. The workers finally called off the strike.
A put off
B ended
C cancelled
D participated in
8. John ha made up his mind not to go to the meeting.
A wanted
B promised
C decided
D agreed
9. I catch cold now and then.
A always
B occasionally
C constantly
D regularly
10. He often finds fault with my work.
A criticizes
B praises
C evaluates
D talks about
11. The little girl grasped her mother’s arm as she crossed the street.
A understood B. had a hold over C. took hold of D. left hold of
12. In judging our work you should take into consideration the fact that we have been very busy recently.
A thought
B mind
C account
D memory
*
13. I can no longer tolerate his actions.
A put up with
B accept
C take
D suffer from
14. The doctors have abandoned the hope to rescue the old man.
A left
B given up
C turned down
D refused
15. Have you talked to her lately?
A lastly
B shortly
C recently
D immediately
·
1. Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed.
A expressive
B physical
C exaggerated
D dubious
+
2. Techniques to harness the energy of the sun are being developed.
A convert
B store
C utilize
D receive
3. Many residents of apartment complexes object to noisy neighbors, A managers B occupants C landlords D caretakers
*
4. The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water.
A continuously
B quickly
C excessively
D exceptionally
*
5. Hundreds of years ago cloves were used to remedy headaches. A disrupt B diagnose C evaporate D cure
·
6. John Hanson helped draft instructions for Maryland’s delegates to the Stamp Act Congress. A clarify B formulate C revise D contribute
7. Practically all species of animals communicate either through sounds or through a large repertory of
soundless codes. A Simultaneously B Almost C Absolutely D Basically
8. Sulphur has occasionally been found in the earth in an almost pure state. A regularly B accidentally C sometimes D successfully
9. When doves are about two weeks old, they are covered with grey feathers and are ready to try their wings. A grow B wrap C hide D test
10. I rarely wear a raincoat because I spend most of my time in a car. A normally B seldom C continuously D usually
*
l l. When she was invited to the party, she readily accepted. A willingly B suddenly C firmly D quickly
·
12. The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth. A take out B repair C pull D dig
13. You must shine your shoes. A lighten B clean C wash D polish
*
14. The majority of people around here are decent people. A honest B rich C good-looking D high-ranking
·
15. A deadly disease has affected these animals. A contagious B serious C fatal D worrying
3
词汇学习4：
1. Many fine cooks insist on ingredients of the highest quality. A demand B rely on C prepare for
D create
2. Since the Great Depression, the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in
grain prices. A slight B surprising C sudden D harmful
3. Cement was seldom used in building, during the Middle Ages. A crudely B rarely C originally
D symbolically
4. Nerve signals may travel through nerve or muscle fibers at speeds as high as two hundred miles per hour. A velocities B impulses C ratios D atrocities
5. The poet William Carlos Williams was a New Jersey physician. A doctor B professor C physicist D resident
6. Medicine depends on other fields for basic information, particularly some of their specialized brunches. A conventionally B obviously C especially D inevitably
7. We shall take the treasure away to a safe place. A clean B pretty C distant D secure
8. An important part of the national government is the Foreign Service, a branch of the Department of State.
A a unity
B a division
C an embassy
D an invasion
*9. The child’s abnormal behavior puzzled the doctor.
A had
B frightening
C repeated
D unusual
+10. There is an abundant supply of cheap labor in this country.
A a steady
B a plentiful
C an extra
D a meager +11. In order to improve our standard of living, we have to accelerate production.
A step up
B decrease
C stop
D control
+12. Gas does accumulate in the mines around here.
A increase
B spread
C collect
D grow
13. Our plan is to allocate one member of staff to handle appointments.
A assign
B persuade
C ask
D order
*14. Her behavior is extremely childish.
A simple
B immature
C beautiful
D foolish
+15. We also want to use the water to irrigate barren desert land.
A hairless
B bare
C empty
D bald
词汇学习5：
1. They have been living under the most appalling conditions for two years.
A dreadful
B bad
C unpleasant
D poor
2. I wasn’t qualified for the job really but I got it anyhow.
A besides
B anyway
C well
D anymore
3. He achieved success through hard work.
A reached
B reaped
C attained
D took
4. The standards set four years ago in Seoul will be far below the athletes’ capabilities now.
A capacities
B strengths
C possibilities
D abilities
5. The army should have operated in conjunction with the fleet to raid the enemy’s coast.
A together
B in succession
C in alliance
D in connection
6. His claims seem credible to many people.
A workable
B convincing
C practical
D reliable
7. Jack is a diligent worker. 杰克是一个勤奋的员工。

A ambitious
B lazy
C hardworking
D clever
8. Society is now much more diverse than ever before.
A colorful
B attractive
C flexible灵活的
D varied +9. Their interpretation was faulty.
A wrong
B ambiguous
C unclear
D unbelievable
+10. These old buildings are gorgeous.
A ridiculous
B lovely
C magnificent
D peculiar
11. Contact your doctor if the cough persists. A insists B perseveres C continues D resists
12. The powers of the European Commission to regulate competition in the Community are increasing. A fight B abolish C remove D control
+
13. They scattered after dinner. A separated B fled C departed D spread
+
14. From my standpoint, you know, this thing is just ridiculous. A position B point of view C knowledge D opinion
+
15. The story was touching.
A inspiring
B boring
C moving
D frightening
5
词汇学习6：
*
1. With immense relief, I stopped running.
A much
B enormous
C little
D extensive
·
2. The scientists began to accumulate a huge mass of data. A build up B put up C make up D dear up
·
3. When Jack eventually overtook the last truck he pulled over to the inside lane. A skipped B passed C reached D led
*
4. Because of the popularity of the region, it is advisable to book hotels in advance. A possible B
profitable C easy D wise *
5. Data from Voyager Ⅱhave presented astronomers with a puzzle
about why our outermost planet exists. A problem B mystery C question D point
*
6. He rolled up his trouser leg to exhibit his wounded knee. A spread B open C show D examine
*
7. Why can’t you stop your eternal complaining! A everlasting B long C monotonous D lengthy
+
8. This poem depicts the beautiful scenery of a small town in the South. A describes B draws C writes D introduces
+
9. The telephone system is no longer operative. A running B moving C rotating D working
+
10. Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake. A shaken B fallen C damaged D trembled
+
11. The latest car model embodies many new improvements. A consists of B includes C makes up
D marks
+
12. Thick clouds obscured the stars from view. A darkened B held C blackened D prevent
+
13. The parents have to restrain their daughter from running out into the street. A disallow B reduce C prevent D confine +14. The discovery was sensational.
A sexy
B surprising
C exceptional
D exciting
+
15. After supper we usually take a stroll around the park for about an hour.
A walk
B rest
C bath
D breath
词汇学习7：
1. Loud noises can be annoying. A hateful B painful C horrifying D irritating
·
2. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be
deliberately controlled and modified. A sufficiently B noticeably C intentionally D absolutely
*
3. The Constitution’s vague nature has given it the flexibility to be adapted when circumstances change. A imprecise B concise C unpolished D elementary
4. The expedition reached the summit at 10: 30 that morning.
A top of the mountain C starting point
B bottom of the mountain D site
+
5. The latest census is encouraging.
A count
B statement
C agreement
D estimate
+
6. Academic records from other institutions often become part of a university’s official file and
can neither be returned to a student nor duplicated.
A borrowed
B purchased
C copied
D rewritten
7. While serving in the Senate in the early 1970’s, Barbara Jordan supported legislation to ban
discrimination and to deal with environmental problems. A list B forbid C handle D investigate *
8. Gambling is lawful in Nevada. A legal B irresistible C enjoyable D profitable
*
9. They always mock me because I am ugly. A smile at B look down on C belittle D laugh at
*
10. These are our motives for doing it. A reasons B arguments C targets D stimuli
*
11. It was a question of making sure that certain needs were addressed, notably in the pensions
area. A noticeably B remarkably C particularly D significantly
*
12. His new girlfriend had omitted to tell him that she was married. A forgotten B failed C deleted
D left out
+
13. Many of their ideas are being incorporated into orthodox medical treatment. A acceptable B
conservative C western D conventional
+
14. Charges for local telephone calls are outrageous. A unheard of B unacceptable C unbelievable
D ridiculous
15. Guests were scared when the bomb exploded. A frightened B killed C endangered D rescued
7
+
1. Philip Roth was hailed as a major new author in 1960. A published B challenged C acclaimed D guided
2. He was one of the principal organizers of the association. A planners B employees C actors D recipients
+
3. It is postulated that population trends have an effect on economic fluctuations.
A challenged
B assumed
C deducted
D decreed
+
4. This kind of animals are on the verge of extinction, because so many are being killed for their fur.
A drying up C being exported
B dying out D being transplanted
+
5. The train came to an abrupt stop, making us wonder where we were.
A slow
B noisy
C sudden
D jumpy
+
6. During the Second World War, all important resources in the U. S. were allocated by the federal government.
A nationalized
B commandeered
C taxed
D distributed
*
7. The little boy was so fascinated by the mighty river that he would spend hours sitting on its bank and gazing at the passing boats and rafts.
A very strong
B very long
C very great
D very fast
*
8. The stories of Sarah Orne Jewett are considered by many to be more authentically regional than those of Bret Harte.
A elegantly
B genuinely
C intentionally
D thoroughly
+
9. The number of the United States citizens who are eligible to vote continues to increase. A encouraged B enforced C expected D entitled
10. Formulated in 1823, the Monroe Doctrine asserted that the Americas were no longer open to European
A stated firmly C thought seriously
B argued light-mindedly D announced regrettably
11. Smoking is not permitted in the office.
A probable
B possible
C admitted
D allowed
12. The chairman proposed that we should stop the meeting.
A stated
B declared
C suggested
D announced
13. I feel regret about what’s happened.
A sorry
B disappointed
C shameful
D disheartened
14. She has proved that she can be relied on in a crisis.
A lived on
B depended on
C lived off
D believed in
15. John removed his overcoat.
A took Away
B left aside
C took off
D washed off
1. Although originally a German innovation, kindergarten got its real start in the United States as a movement
to provide an improved learning environment for children. A an easy B a playful C an open
D a better
2. There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous record of performance. A beats B matches C maintains D announces
3. The attack on Fort Sumter near Charleston provoked a sharp response from the North, which led to the American Civil War.
A demanded
B elicited
C extracted
D defied *
4. Illinois has produced writers such as Carl
Sandburg, gangsters such as Al Capone, and architects such as Louis Sullivan.
A violent criminals C musicians
B politicians D industrialists
5. The towers of a suspension bridge serve as n rigid framework to which the cables are attached.
A boundary
B skeleton
C enclosure
D material *6. The use of the chemical may present a certain hazard to the laboratory workers. A protection B indication C immunity D danger *7. Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics.
A error
B function
C attraction
D miracle *8. The development of the transistor and integrated circuits revolutionized the electronics industry by allowing components to be packaged more densely.
A compactly
B inexpensively
C quickly
D carefully
9. The leading astronomers of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries were fascinated by cornets.
A intrigued
B infected
C inconvenienced
D inclined
+
10. In their productions, choreographers of modern dance have introduced humor, protested social injustice,
and probed psychological problems.
A solved
B explored
C involved
D disputed
11. They agreed to settle the dispute by peaceful means.
A solve
B determine
C untie
D complete
+12. The children trembled with fear when they saw the policeman.
A wept
B cried
C ran
D shook
13. We were shocked to find that Mary didn’t know her guest’s name.
A frustrated
B disturbed
C relieved
D surprised +14. We have got to abide by the rules.
A stick to
B persist in
C safeguard
D apply
+15. The river widens considerably as it begins to turn east.
A extends
B stretches
C broadens
D traverses
9
词汇学习10：
+
1. It was hard to say why the man deserved such shabby treatment. A unforgettable B unbelievable C unfair D unthinkable
2. The curious look from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy. A difficult B worried C anxious D unhappy
3. It is said that the houses along this street will soon be demolished. A pulled down B rebuilt C renovated D whitewashed
4. The advertising company was surprised by the adverse public reaction to the poster. A delayed
B quick
C positive
D unfavorable
5. He began his talk by giving a concise definition of post-modernism. A long and detailed C comprehensive B short and clear D professional
6. The staff of the company are always courteous and helpful. A efficient B respectable C
well-informed D respectful
7. The new job will provide you with invaluable experience. A simply useless C every little B really practical D extremely useful
8. The whole idea to build a deluxe hotel here sounds insane to me. A reasonable B sensible C crazy D unbelievable
9. In his two-hour-long lecture he made an exhaustive analysis of the issue. A extremely thorough
C superficial B long and boring
D unconvincing
+
10. We all think that the new device he has proposed is ingenious. A effective B clever C
implausible D original +
11. Reading the job ad, he wondered whether he was eligible to apply
for it. A competitive B diligent C qualified D competent +12. He impressed all his colleagues as a vigorous man in the prime of his career. A hot-tempered B healthy C friendly D patient
13. Not all member states abided by the principle they had agreed on previously. A adhered to B abandoned C applied D adopted
14. Examination papers of the class were marked without bias. A immediately B correctly C fairly
D carefully
15. The construction of the railway is said to have been terminated. A resumed B put an end to C suspended D re-scheduled
第一部分答案与题解
词汇学习1：
1. C call或call up：打电话。

phone或phone up：打电话。

又如：Did Mary phone me (me) last night？昨晚玛丽给我打电话了吗? contact：接触。

I regularly contact her. 我经常跟她接触。

consult：商量。

I often consult him about my research work. 我经常跟他商量我的研究工作。

visit：拜访。

如：Mary visited me last
night. 昨晚玛丽来看了我。

2. C space：空间。

room：空间。

又如：I’d like to bring the child with me if there is room in the car. chance：机会。

每个人都有上学的机会。

employment：就业；职业。

opportunity：机会。

The government has been trying hard to provide adequate employment opportunities. 政府为提供充分的就业机会而竭尽全力。

3. B at once：马上。

Immediately：马上。

又如：It’s getting late. We must go back home immediately. 越来越晚了，我们得马上回家。

soon：很快。

We’ll have lunch soon. 我们很快就要吃中饭了。

now：现在。

If we leave now we’ll be there before dark. 如果我们现在就离开，我们在天黑前就到那里了。

early：早。

Mary gets up very early.玛丽起得很早。

4. A identify：认出；说出。

又如：the light is too dim for me to identify her. 光线太暗，我无法认出她来。

Can you name these flowers? 你能说得出这些花名吗？distinguish：区分。

There is not much to distinguish her from the other candidates.很难把她与其他的后选人区别开来。

capture：抓住。

The policemen have captured the rebel leader. 警察已经抓住了叛乱分子的头目。

separate：分开来。

It is not always possible to separate cause from effect. 并不总是能把原因与结果分开来的。

5. A occur:发生。

happen:发生。

又如: His death occurred the following year.他次年就死了。

I can remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday.我记得整个事情如同发生在昨天一样。

break:碎；断。

break out:突然发生。

The economic crisis broke out first in the US.经济危机首先在美国发生。

appear:出现。

A smile gradually appeared on her face.微笑逐渐浮现在她的脸上。

6. D complete:完成。

finish:完成。

又如: The scientists have completed their investigation.科学家已经完成了调查。

do:做。

The students have done their homework.学生已经做完了作业。

achieve:取得；达到。

He worked very hard to achieve a balanced budget. 为了实现平衡预算他玩命工作。

improve:改善。

Their working conditions have to be improved.他们的工作条件必须改善。

7. C eventually:昀终。

finally:昀终。

又如: It was a long journey, but we eventually arrived.路程很长，不过，我们昀终还是到达了。

She finally gained control of her husband. 她昀终控制住了她的丈夫。

apparently:很明显。

如: Apparently you're sick.很显然你病了。

naturally:自然地。

She can speak English very naturally.她说英语说得很自然。

8. A conversation:谈话。

talk:谈话；报告。

又如: We had a very long telephone conversation yesterday.昨天我们在电话里说得很多。

She gave us a talk about Chinese culture. 她给我们作了一个关于中国文化的报告。

speech:谈话；讲演。

The expert delivered a speech at the meeting held yesterday.那位专家在昨天的会上作了讲演。

debate:辩论。

The cause of global warming is still open to debate.全球变暖的原因仍然可以讨论。

discussion:讨论。

Did you participate in the discussion?你参加讨论了吗？
9. A attend:参加。

go to:参加。

又如: We all attended the conference on globalization.我们都参加了关于全球化的大会。

We’ll go to her birthday party tomorrow.我们明天去参加她的生日聚会。

prepare for:做准备。

Will you help me prepare for the wedding ceremony?你能帮我准备婚礼仪式吗？speak to:跟……说话；给……作报告。

You must speak to him. He doesn’t listen to me.你得跟他谈谈了，他不听我的。

do to:对某
人做了……。

What did you do to her?你对她做了些什么？
10. D make up one’s mind:打定主意，决心。

decide:决定。

又如: Susan has made up her mind that, come what may, she will stay with John.苏珊决心已下，不管发生什么，都将跟约翰在一起。

He decided not to do that.他决定不干那件事。

try:设法。

We are all trying to improve our
11
English .我们正设法提高我们的英语水平。

attempt:试图。

We attempted to quit smoking, but failed.我们试图戒烟，但没有成功。

agree:同意。

They might not agree with her opinion.他们可能不同意她的意见。

11. C account：考虑。

consideration：考虑。

又如：These figures do not take into account changes in the rate of inflation. 这些数字并没有把通货膨胀率的变化考虑在内。

The Department of Human Resources will take into consideration your teaching experience when deciding your salary. 人事处在决定你的工资时是会考虑你的教学经验的。

calculation：计算。

Susan looked at the bill and made some rapid calculations. 苏珊看了一下账单，很快算了算。

computation：计算。

He is good at computation.他计算能力很好。

assessment：估计。

What’s your assessment of the situation in Iraq?你对伊拉克的形势是怎么估计的？
12. A put up with:忍耐。

tolerate:忍耐。

又如：I don’t kno w how you put up with their constant quarrelling. 他们经常吵架，我不知道你是怎么忍得住的。

The workers cannot tolerate the long hours.工人无法忍受长时间的工作。

accept:接受。

Will you accept our invitation? 你会接受我们的邀请吗？swallow:吞下。

Her excuse was obviously a lie, but Jack swallowed it whole. 她的理由明显是骗人的，但是杰克全盘接受。

take:拿；取。

You can take anything you like. 喜欢的东西你随便拿。

13. B give up:放弃。

abandon:放弃。

Mary has given up the hope of ever marrying.玛丽已经放弃了结婚的希望。

Fearing further attacks, most of the population have abandoned the city.害怕城市进一步受到攻击，大多数人已经离开。

end:结束。

The government acted to end a bakers’ strike in the city.政府采取行动结束了城里面包师傅的罢工。

build:建立；加强。

Tension is building between the two nations.两国之间的紧张关系正在上升。

strengthen:加强。

Our friendship has steadily strengthened over the years.几年来我们的友谊有了持续的增进。

14. A seldom:很少。

rarely:很少。

又如: She seldom wears black shoes.她很少穿黑鞋。

She rarely eats pork.她很少吃猪肉。

frequently:常常。

The weak child falls sick frequently.这个瘦弱的孩子常常要生病。

normally:通常。

I normally stay at home in the evening.晚上我通常在家。

occasionally:偶尔地。

My brother and I occasionally visit our parents in the countryside.哥哥和我偶尔去乡下看我们的父母。

15. D take out:取出；带出。

extract:取出；抽出。

We’ll take our kids out for a meal next week.下周我们要带孩子出去吃饭。

The nuts are crushed to extract the oil from them.干果压碎后就能榨取油。

dig:挖。

The thief escaped by digging an underground tunnel.盗贼是通过挖一条地道逃走的。

draw:抽，取。

The corrupt official drew a large sum of money from a bank before he left the country.这个贪官在离开国家之前从一家银行取走了一大笔钱。

pull:拉。

Jack tried to pull the drawer open.杰克试图拉开抽屉。

词汇学习2:
1. A spur:促进，激励。

encourage跟它的意思相近：鼓励，促进。

Public apathy encourages corruption in
government.公众的冷漠助长政府的腐败。

endanger:危及，危害。

They claim that the herbicide they are using will not endanger human life.他们声称，他们使用的除草剂不会危害人们的生命。

endorse:签名，批准。

The application was endorsed by the committee.申请书已由委员会批准。

enlarge:扩大，放大。

The UN secretary-general yesterday recommended an enlarged peacekeeping force.昨天联合国秘书长提议扩大维和部队。

2. C coverage:覆盖（的区域、范围)。

此处指新闻报道的范围。

reportage:新闻报道。

注意：reportage在这个句子中可以替代coverage，但并不意味着任何时候都可以替换。

baggage:行李(不可数)。

a piece of baggage:一件行李。

英国英语一般用luggage。

orphanage:孤儿身份，孤儿院。

usage:使用，用法。

That phrase has gone out of usage.那短语已不为大家所用。

3. C dimly昏暗地。

lit:此处是light (照亮)的过去分词，也有人把它叫做形容词。

a dimly lit lane:一条昏暗的胡同。

faintly:暗淡地，微弱地，与dimly意思相近。

inadequately:不足地。

hardly:几乎不。

I can hardly hear him.我几乎听不到他说话。

sufficiently:充分地，足够地。

4. A mildly:温和地；适度地。

gently:温和地，有教养地。

“ I’m sorry to disturb you,” Mary said gently.玛丽有礼貌地说：“对不起，打扰你了。

” shyly:害羞地；胆怯地。

The children are smiling shyly.那些儿童腼腆地笑着。

weakly:虚弱地，微弱地。

She smiled weakly at the reporters.她
对记者微笑。

sweetly:舒适地；甜蜜地。

The girl smiled sweetly at her friends.女孩对她的朋友笑得很甜蜜。

5. B inevitable:不可避免的，必然要发生的。

certain:肯定的，必然的，与inevitable意思相近。

It is almost certain that the government will lose the next election.差不多可以肯定，政府在下届选举中要失败。

strange:奇怪的。

inconsistent:不一致的。

proper:合适的，得体的。

6. A isolated:孤立的，与世隔绝的。

solitary跟它的意思比较接近：独居的，单个的。

John has been living a solitary life.约翰一直过着独居的生活。

又如：She was the most solitary person on earth.她是世界上昀孤独的人。

gloomy:阴郁的，忧闷的。

She is feeling gloomy, so go and cheer her up.她感到忧闷，去安慰安慰她。

feeble:虚弱的，无力的。

a feeble old man：虚弱的老人。

frugal:节俭的。

7. C call off:停止，取消。

Cancel:取消。

Why was the baseball game cancelled yesterday? 为什么昨天的棒球比赛取消了? put off:推迟。

They decided to put off the meeting until after Christmas.他们决定会议推迟到圣诞节后举行。

end:结束。

The government acted to end a bakers strike in the city.政府采取行动结束城里面包师傅的罢工。

Participate in:参加。

Did you participate in the discussion?你参加讨论了吗？
8. C make up one’s mind:打定主意，下定决心。

又如: Susan has made up her mind that, come what may, she will stay with John.苏珊决心已下,不管发生什么事，都将跟约翰待在一起。

decide:决定。

He decided not to do that.他决定不干那件事。

want:想。

I can study any subject you want to.我能研究你想研究的任何一个课题。

Promise:许诺。

You’ve got to promise me that you won’t do that again.你得答应我不再干那种事。

agree:同意。

They might not agree with his opinion.他们可能不同意他的意见。

9. B now and then: 里面，偶尔。

occasionally:时而，偶尔。

always:经常。

We have always done it in this way.我们经常这么干。

constantly:不断地。

She is constantly changing her mind.她老是改变主意。

注意：动词进行体跟constantly，always等表达“反复”意义的副词搭配时动词动作具有反复性。

这种搭配表达说
话人对某人的某种行为的不满，具有强烈的感情色彩。

下面这句话是不带感情色彩的客观报道:She constantly changes her mind.她常常改变主意。

regularly:经常地；定时地。

We do meet now and then, but not regularly.我们确实偶尔见面，但不经常。

10. A find fault with:找……的岔子，批评。

criticize批评。

He seem to enjoy criticizing his colleagues.他似乎把批评他的同事看作是一种乐趣。

praise:表扬。

Our guests praised the meal as the best they had had for year我们的客人称赞这顿饭是他们多年来吃过的昀好的一顿。

evaluate:评价。

The scientists are evaluating the data.科学家们正在评估数据。

talk about:谈论。

That’s all settled. It needn’t be talked about.此事已彻底解决，无需再谈了。

11. C grasp:抓住。

take hold of:抓住，控制住。

Mother took hold of the barking dogs by their collars.母亲抓住了这些汪汪直叫的狗的颈圈，把它们制服了。

understand: 懂得，理解。

I don’t understand your attitude at all.我一点也不理解你的态度。

grasp也有“懂得”的意思，但在该句中不是这个意思。

have a hold over:控制；对……有影响。

The officer has kept a firm hold over the soldiers.那个军官一直紧紧地控制着士兵。

leave hold of:放开。

She left hold of his hand.她放开了他的手。

12. C take …into consideration:把……考虑进去。

take …into account:把……考虑进去。

We must take local conditions into account.我们必须把地区性的条件考虑进去。

thought:思想，考虑。

This problem needs great thought这个问题需要认真考虑。

mind:脑子，心。

Her mind is not entirely on her work.她的心不全在工作上。

memory:记忆。

The photograph evoked her happy memories.这张照片激起了她幸福的回忆。

13. A tolerate:忍受。

put up with:忍受。

If I were you, I wouldn’t put up with his behavior any longer.如果我是你，我不会忍受他的这种行为。

accept:接受。

I don’t think that the y would accept my view.我认为他们不会接受我的观点。

take有很多的意义。

take action:采取行动，采取措施。

The government has promised to take swift action on the energy crisis.政府许诺迅速采取措施解决能源危机。

suffer from:受……之苦。

He suffered from cold and hunger for some time.他一度饥寒交迫。

14. B abandon:放弃。

give up:放弃。

She gave up her job to look after her sick mother.为照顾有病的母亲，她放弃了工作。

turn down:不接受。

The company turned down the suggestion of shorter hours.公司否决了缩短工作时间的建议。

refuse:拒绝.不接受。

He refused bribe.
13。