新教材高中英语课时作业1Unit10PartATopicTalk北师大版选择性必修第四册(含答案)

新教材高中英语北师大版选择性必修第四册：
课时作业(一) Unit 10 Part A Topic Talk
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In the future, when robots can be used both in homes and in other areas, they could improve the living standards of people. Many people burn their energy on their day­to­day tasks like cooking, cleaning after work, etc. When robots can complete such jobs，people can spend more time with their family and friends. Experts say that many major problems in the modern world are caused by miscommunication. When people have more time, they can talk freely to solve such issues and eventually create a happy society.
Robots can be used on certain jobs to avoid accidents caused by careless behaviour of some people. When robots are used on such work, it does not risk any human life due to accidents at the workplace. Human resources can be efficiently used by performing tasks which demand human skills like critical thinking and problem­solving. Robots can be used on low­end jobs like moving heavy things and heavy weightlifting.
While some people talk about how useful robots can be to humans, others voice their concerns about reduction in human value and the creation of a lazy society due to heavy dependency on robots. When robots become cheaper to produce, employers may prefer to use more robots than humans. As the technology constantly improves the abilities of robots，it could weaken the value of humans. Many people may rely on robots heavily. Some may even develop the habit of using robots on tasks that they can easily do. This could create a lazy society.
As an aging society, Japan sees it as a must to build robots that take care of elderly people in their homes, because without them, the nation's health care system can't cope. There will simply be too many elderly people to care for as the nation faces a decreasing birth rate, an aging population, and the loosening of family ties. However, many of Japan's elderly people would prefer human helpers rather than robots. Above all，Japan wants, if not “needs”， its dreams of robots in the home to come true because its immigration (移民) policy is anti­immigration.
In conclusion, robots can be used on anything that can eventually improve humans' living standards but we can't depend on them too much. Robots can be used to help humans live in harmony and form a happy society.
1．According to the first paragraph, when robots can be used in homes, ________．A．people's living standards will be improved
B．there would be more misunderstandings between humans
C．people will spend more time on their work
D．people may communicate more with robots than human beings
2．Compared with humans, robots are better at ________．
A．problem­solving
B．communicating with others
C．working safely
D．critical thinking
3．What can we infer from Paragraph 4?
A．Japan will try to develop robots to be used in the home.
B．The robots are well received by elderly people.
C．The Japanese government encourages foreigners to move to Japan.
D.Most Japanese citizens are against robots in the home.
4．Which statement is the author's opinion on robots?
A．Robots bring us more problems than benefits.
B.The future of robots is worrying.
C．Robots can help us a lot but we need to use them properly.
D．We should limit the development of robotic technology.
B
A team of engineers at Harvard University created the first robotic fly. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.
“The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of i ts components is off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own，” said Robert Wood, a Harvard engineering professor.
They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has lots of interdependence (互相依赖) of the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it's connected to，” said Wood.
While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off­board p ower source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built­in power source, so that it might someday perform data­gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers' fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around，” he said.
Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect­scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead，” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a d ay­to­day basis.”
5．What is the typical characteristic of the robotic fly?
A．It's automatic.
B．It's very small.
C．It's controllable.
D．It's quite powerful.
6．We can infer from the passage that the robotic fly can ________．
A．act as a spy plane
B．help do farm work
C．fly at a very high speed
D．answer many scientific questions
7．What is Wood's idea about the robotic fly according to the last paragraph?
A．It is highly questionable.
B．It has wide practical applications.
C．It gives scientists interest in flying machines.
D.It points to a new direction in studying biology.
8．What can be the best title for the passage?
A．Harvard's Study in the Field of Insects
B．A Breakthrough in Engineering Science
C．An Interesting Invention—Robotic Fly
D．Robotic Fly—a Copy of the Real Life Insect
Ⅱ.完形填空
I was fourteen years old and thought I had already known all the important things in life. I remember being more than a little __1__ at the homework my geography teacher, Mr. Ream, had given the class. We had to __2__ to someone we knew who had been in a war as a soldier and write about their experiences.
I __3__ it was totally meaningless. What did that have to do with life? I wanted to know. I still had an unpleasant attitude toward it __4__ I put my notebook down on the table in front of my stepfather. I __5__ that he'd been in the war, so I decided to make it __6__ for myself and not to look any further from home for my __7__．He asked me what I __8__， and I said I had to interview him about his experiences in the war for a class. I'm sure his body must have stiffened (变僵硬), but at that time I was too blind to notice it. He asked me to sit down and then we got __9__. I'll never forget his response to the first question I __10__ asked, “Have you ever killed anyone？”
His answer of “yes” was the __11__ that made me begin to take the talk seriously.
I still __12__ his eyes when he told me the horror of what he'd __13__ and what he'd done during the war. I had never expected that kind of honesty from anyone, but I know that's __14__ what he gave me.
The things he told me taught me a lot. They also showed me I had a lot left to learn in this life. I gained new love and __15__ for this man who is now my father.
1．A.annoyed B．interested
C．frightened D．tired
2．A.stick B．talk
C．contribute D．write
3．A.forgot B．agreed
C．thought D．realized
4．A.as B．if
C．unless D．since
5．A.imagined B．guessed
C．believed D．knew
6．A.clear B．easy
C．normal D．common
7．A.interview B．experiment
C．presentation D．operation
8．A.designed B．prepared
C．needed D．collected
9．A.started B．concluded
C．banned D．changed
10．A.officially B．carelessly
C．unluckily D．probably
11．A.delight B．shock
C．honor D．confusion
12．A.described B．copied
C．waited D．remembered
13．A.arranged B．expected
C．witnessed D．created
14．ually B．exactly
C．rapidly D．gradually
15．A.pity B．fear
C．satisfaction D．respect
课时作业(一)答案
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】本文介绍了机器人未来的发展，以及机器人的广泛应用可能导致的社会问题。

1．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“In the future, when robots can be used both in homes and in other areas, they could improve the living standards of people.”可知，未来机器人的发展可能会提高人们的生活水平。

2．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。

根据第二段中的“When robots ar e used on such work, it does not risk any human life due to accidents at the workplace.”可知，与人类相比，使用机器人工作会更安全。

3．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。

根据第四段中的“As an aging society, Japan sees it as a must to build robots that take care of elderly people in their homes...”可知，日本将会努力制造能在家里照顾老人的机器人。

4．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。

根据最后一段可知，作者认为我们不能太依赖机器人，而是应该适当使用机器人来建立和谐社会。

B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

哈佛大学的工程师团队研制出了机器苍蝇飞行器，该飞行器虽然尺寸如苍蝇大小，但结构复杂，可望在未来执行搜救、农田勘探等领域的数据收集任务。

5．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。

根据第一段第二、三句可知，这种飞行器的设计初衷是为了能做苍蝇做的事，它的尺寸和肥胖的家蝇一样大，微小的翅膀可以让它停在空中执行
受控的飞行任务。

据此可知，该飞行器的典型特点是尺寸小。

故B项正确。

6．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。

根据第四段第一句中的“so that it might someday perform data­gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers' fields or on the battlefield (因此，某一天这种飞行器可能用于搜救点、农田、战场信息的收集)”可推知，该飞行器可以用作间谍飞机。

故A项正确。

7．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。

根据尾段第二句“Yet, the power ...co uld have much broader applications.”并结合Wood所说的话可知，Wood认为这种飞行器使用范围很广泛。

故B项正确。

8．答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，本文的主题句是第一段第一、二句；结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了哈佛大学的工程师团队研制的一款机器苍蝇飞行器，该飞行器虽然尺寸如苍蝇大小，但结构复杂，可望在未来执行搜救、农田勘探等领域的数据收集任务。

故D项最适合作本文标题。

Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。

因为一次恼人的作业，作者与当过兵、参加过战争的继父有了一次对话，继父表现得很坦诚，承认自己在战争中杀过人，告诉作者他在战争中的所见所为。

继父所说的让作者学到了很多，也意识到自己在生活中有很多东西要学，并对这个现在是他父亲的男人产生了新的爱和尊重。

1．答案与解析：A 考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：我记得我对地理老师里姆先生布置给全班学生的家庭作业感到非常恼火。

由下文可知作者觉得这个作业毫无意义，因此对这次作业，作者是感到很恼火的，故选A。

2．答案与解析：B 考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我们必须和我们认识的曾经作为士兵参加过战争的人谈谈，并写关于他们的经历。

根据后文“made me begin to take the talk seriously” 提示可知，老师要求作者他们要和这些人交谈，故选B。

3．答案与解析：C 考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我认为这完全没有意义。

根据“it was totally meaningless”可知，作者认为这个作业完全没有意义，故选C。

4．答案与解析：A 考查连词词义辨析。

句意：当我把笔记本放在继父面前的桌子上时，我仍然对这件事抱着一种不愉快的态度。

根据前后两句意思可知，此处表示“当……时候”，故选A。

5．答案与解析：D 考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我知道他参加过战争，所以我决定让自己轻松一点，不去离家太远的地方采访。

根据“put my notebook down on the table in front of my stepfather”可知，作者知道继父参加过战争才会决定采访继父，故选D。

6．答案与解析：B 考查形容词词义辨析。

根据后文“not to look any further from home”可知，作者不想去离家太远的地方做这个采访，这说明作者想让自己轻松、容易一点，故选B。

7．答案与解析：A 考查名词词义辨析。

根据后文“I said I had to interview him”可知，作者是要做一个采访，故选A。

8．答案与解析：C 考查动词词义辨析。

句意：他问我需要什么，我说为了一门课，我必须采访他在战争中的经历。

根据作者的回答“I said I had to interview him about his experiences in the war for a class”可知，继父应该是问作者需要什么，故选C。

9．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。

句意：他让我坐下，然后我们就开始了。

get started开始，故选A。

10．答案与解析：B 考查副词词义辨析。

句意：我永远不会忘记他对我漫不经心地问的第一个问题的回答，我问他：“你杀过人吗？”。

根据后文可知，继父肯定的回答让作者开始认真对待这次谈话，这说明一开始作者没有认真对待这次谈话，问问题也是漫不经心地，
故选B。

11．答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。

句意：他的回答是“杀过”，这让我感到震惊，使我开始认真对待这次谈话。

根据前文可知，作者的继父说自己在战争中杀过人，当时才14岁的作者肯定是很震惊的，故选B。

12．答案与解析：D 考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我仍然记得当他告诉我他所目睹的恐怖和他在战争中的所作所为时他的眼神。

根据still可知，作者仍然记得继父那时的眼神，故选D。

13．答案与解析：C 考查动词词义辨析。

witnessed“目击；见证”。

继父告诉了作者他在战争中目睹的让人恐惧的事情，故选C。

14．答案与解析：B 考查副词词义辨析。

句意：我从没期望过别人会那么诚实，但我知道那正是他给予我的东西。

根据前文可知作者的继父对作者非常坦诚，虽然作者从没期待过有人这么诚实，但这正是作者的继父所给予作者的东西，故选B。

15．答案与解析：D 考查名词词义辨析。

句意：我对这个现在是我父亲的男人有了新的爱和尊重。

通过这次谈话，作者学会了很多，也知道自己在生活中有很多东西要去学，那么肯定是对继父产生了尊敬之情，故选D。