【教育文档】2019年高考英语一轮复习 1.5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero测及解析答案.doc

1.5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero
单元检测卷（时间50分钟；满分100分）
班级_________________姓名_____________考号_________________得分_______________________
I 语言知识及应用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
【安徽省合肥市2018届高三年级第一次英语联考】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant ___1___ Miller King, who was the best ___2___ at our school.
Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for ___3___.
Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from ___4___. He looked very ___5___, but he didn’t cry.
That season, I ___6___ all of Miller’s records while he ___7___ the home games from the bench. We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player,___8___ I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s ___9___ .
One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller ___10___ going over a fence—which wasn’t ___11___ to climb if you had both arms. I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept ___12___ from. But even that challenge he accepted. I ___13___ him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally ___14___ on the other side, he said to me, “You know, I didn’t tell you this during the season,
but you did ___15___ .Thank you for filling in for ___16___ .”
His words freed me from my bad ___17___ . I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was ___18___ ahead of me. I was right to have ___19___ him. From that day on, I grew ___20___ and a little more real.
1. A. cheering for B. beating out C. relying on D. staying with
2. A. coach B. student C. teacher D. player
3. A. practice B. show C. comfort D. pleasure
4. A. school B. vacation C. hospital D. training
5. A. pale B. calm C. relaxed D. ashamed
6. A. held B. broke C. set D. tried
7. A. reported B. judged C. organized D. watched
8. A. and B. then C. but D. thus
9. A. decision B. mistake C. accident D. sacrifice
10. A. stuck B. hurt C. tired D. lost
11. A. steady B. hard C. fun D. fit
12. A. praise B. advice C. assistance D. apology
13. A. let B. helped C. had D. noticed
14. A. dropped B. ready C. trapped D. safe
15. A. fine B. wrong C. quickly D. normally
16. A. us B. yourself C. me D. them
17. A. memories B. ideas C. attitudes D. dreams
18. A. still B. also C. yet D. just
19. A. challenged B. cured C. invited D. admired
20. A. healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D. cooler
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. C 10.
A 11.
B 12.
C 13. B 14.
D 15. A 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. D
20. B
2. 考查名词。

根据When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. 可知这里意思是他是我们学校最好的球员。

coach 教练， student 学生，teacher
教师， player运动员，所以选D。

3. 考查名词。

句意：为了练习，我带着足球去每一个地方。

practice 练习，show 炫耀，comfort 安慰，pleasure高兴，所以选A。

4. 考查名词。

根据Just before September,Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. 可知Miller是从医院回来。

school 学校，vacation 假期，hospital 医院，training训练，所以选C。

7. 考查动词。

Miller在车祸中失去了右臂，所以他只能坐在家里的凳子上观看比赛。

reported 报告，judged 判断， organized 组织，watched观看，所以选D。

8. 考查连词。

根据We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player,___8___I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s___9___.可知这里意思是虽然
我成为了学校最优秀的球员，但是我经常做一个疯狂的梦，在梦境中，我应该对Miller的事
故负责。

and 而且，then 然后， but 但是，thus因此，所以选C。

9. 考查名词。

句意：虽然我成为了学校最优秀的球员，但是我经常做一个疯狂的梦，在梦境中，我应该对Miller的事故负责。

decision 决定， mistake 错误， accident 事
故，sacrifice牺牲，所以选C。

10. 考查动词。

根据when he was going over a fence—which wasn’t___11___to climb if you had both arms. 可知这里意思是我看到Miller被卡住了。

stuck 被卡住， hurt 受伤，tired 疲倦的，lost失去的，所以选A。

11. 考查形容词。

句意：如果你有两只胳膊，爬上栅栏并不困难。

steady 稳定的， hard 困
难的， fun 有趣，fit健康的，所以选B。

12. 考查名词。

句意：我确定，在这个世界上，我是他最后一个愿意接受帮助的人。

praise 表扬， advice 建议，assistance 帮助，apology道歉，所以选C。

13. 考查动词。

根据But even that challenge he accepted. 可知这里意思是我帮助他慢慢
地穿过了栅栏。

let 允许， helped 帮助，had 有， noticed注意，所以选B。

14. 考查形容词。

句意：当我们安全到达另一边时。

dropped 掉下， ready 准备，trapped 陷入困境， safe安全，所以选D。

15. 考查副词。

句意：在这个赛季，我没有告诉你这些，但是你做得很好。

fine 很好地，wrong 错误地，quickly 迅速地， normally正常地，所以选A。

16. 考查代词。

句意：谢谢你代替了我。

us 我们，yourself 你自己， me 我， them
他们，所以选C。

19. 考查动词。

句意：我对他很羡慕，是对的。

challenged 挑战，cued 暗示， invited 邀请，admired羡慕，所以选D。

20. 考查形容词比较级。

句意：从那天开始，我长大了，并且多了一些现实。

healthier 更健康，bigger 更大，cleverer 更聪明， cooler更冷，所以选B。

第二节语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
【广东省化州市2018届高三上学期第二次高考模拟】阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Fake news has long been ___21___ serious problem, and social media ___22___ (blame) for allowing fake news stories to spread. US tech___23___ (company) Facebook and Google have been using ___24___ (analyze) technology to fact-check stories and add labels ___25___ dubious (可疑的) ones to warn their readers.
But recently a survey ___26___ (find) that as many as 60 percent of people in the US still think that not enough is being done___27___ (keep) internet users away from fake news. According to Eric Carvin, social media editor at the Associated Press, ___28___(fight) fake news is like “whack-a-mole (打地鼠游戏)”, she said, ___29___ means that for now, we’ll just have to rely on ___30___ (we) common sense to decide what’s real and what isn’t.
【答案】21. a 22. has been blamed 23. companies 24. analytical 25. to 26. found
27. to keep 28. fighting 29. which 30. our
【解析】试题分析：虚假新闻一直是一个严重的问题。

脸书和谷歌公司一直使用分析技术核实事实，给可疑的故事添加标签来警告读者。

但是虚假新闻就像打地鼠，需要我们依靠常识来辨别。

21. 考查冠词。

句意：虚假新闻长期以来一直是一个严重的问题。

problem是可数名词，结合句意，故填a。

22. 考查动词的时态和语态。

句意：……社交媒体应为允许虚假新闻的传播负责。

主语social media与谓语动词blame是被动关系，根据上文提到的has long been可推断，用现在完成时态。

主语是第三人称单数。

故填has been blamed。

23. 考查名词。

根据下文提到的脸书和谷歌两个公司可知，此处用复数。

故填companies。

24. 考查形容词。

修饰名词用形容词，analytical technology“分析技术”。

故填analytical。

28. 考查非谓语动词。

句意：……与虚假新闻作战像打地鼠。

fighting fake news作主语，作主语用动名词形式。

故填fighting。

29. 考查定语从句。

which引导定语从句，which指代整个主句“___8___(fight) fake news is like “whack-a-mole”，从句中作主语。

故填which。

30. 考查代词。

句意：……我们必须依靠我们的常识来断定哪些是真的，哪些是假的。

修饰名词用形容词性物主代词。

故填our。

II阅读 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节阅读理解 (共1小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A
【广东省广州市2018届高三12月调研测试】A
Metropolis Book Club
Membership:
All you need to do is fill out the order form at the bottom of the page, select your first order from our book list and then post the completed form back to us.
Special offers for new members:
As a special offer, you may choose any reduced-price books from our new members’book
list, to the value of 100 yuan in total.
Tick the box on your form to order a free watch.
Join before the end of this month and you receive another free book carefully chosen by our
staff.
Order an audio-book from the many on offer, at half the recommended retail price. When you’ve joined:
As a member you get around 50% off the publisher’s price of every book you buy, and what’s more, they come straight to your door. Your free club magazine arrives once a month to keep you up to date with the latest best-sellers we’ve added to our list. On the Internet, you can find all our titles for the year at our exclusive members’ website. Our website also has a book swap service where members can request or offer books for exchange.
Being a member:
All you have to do is order four books during your first year. After that, you can decide on the number of books you wish to take.
In each of your monthly club magazines, our experienced staff choose a “Book of the Month” for you, which is offered at an extra-special price. If you do not want this book, just say so in the space provided on the form and send it back to us. We always send the book if we do not receive this form.
Once we receive your order, your books are delivered within one week. And remember, you have up to a fortnight to decide if you wish to keep the books you have ordered. If they aren’t what you expected just send them back!
31. How can you become a member of the Metropolis Book Club?
A. By ordering a watch free of charge.
B. By sending the advertisement to the club.
C. By choosing books with special prices.
D. By returning the completed order form.
32. What information does the monthly magazine give members?
A. The percentage saved on each book.
B. The names of all the books sold by the club.
C. The list of the newest books available to buy.
D. The books that can be swapped by club members.
33. What can we infer from the last part of the passage?
A. At least four books should be bought each year.
B. Members can look at the books before they buy them.
C. Members need to buy the “Book of the Month”.
D. The more books bought, the higher the member’s grade.
【答案】31. D 32. C 33. B
【解析】本文主要介绍如何成为都市图书俱乐部的会员，以及成为会员有哪些优势。

31. Ｄ
细节理解题。

根据第一段“Membership:All you need to do is fill out the order form at the bottom of the page, select your first order from our book list and then post the completed form back to us.”你所要做的就是填写下面的订单，从我们的书单中选择你的第一个订单，然后把填妥的表格寄回给我们。

分析内容可知填写订单并寄给他们就可成为会员，分析选项可知D项符合题意。

32. Ｃ
33. Ｂ
推理判断题。

根据最后一段“And remember, you have up to a fortnight to decide if you wish to keep the books you have ordered. If they aren’t what you expected just send them back!”你有两周的时间来决定是否保留你所订购的书。

如果他们不是你所期望的，就把他们送回去！分析句意可知，收到书后在两周之内如果觉得不是你想要的书可退回，可知会员可以在买之间看到书的。

分析选项可知B项符合题意，故选B。

B
A【北京市中央民族大学附属中学2018届高三10月月考】It’s rare that the protagonist in a Chinese movie wins the audience’s hearts with an emotionally uplifting message, rather than by showing off his or her good looks. But Wolf Warrior II is putting China in the global spotlight. It’s also the first film to taste success both in terms of box office earnings and promoting Chinese values.
Kung fu artist Wu Jing both starred in and directed the action movie. Since its release on July 27, it’s earned an unimaginable 4.5 billion yuan, setting a record for domestic movies at the box office. The success of the film has surpassed the anticipations of all, including the production team.
The film focuses on a rescue operation in Africa, led by former special forces soldier Leng Feng-played by Wu. Leng helps Chinese workers and local Africans flee a war-torn and plague-ravaged country. Wolf Warrior II links art to reality, and reminds people of the massive evacuation of Chinese people from Libya when civil war
broke out there in 2011, and from Yemen in 2015, as well as the challenges the Ebola virus created in West Africa from 2013 to 2016. The film describes how the Chinese government aims to protect overseas Chinese citizens. Just as the message at the end of the film reads: “Citizens of the People’s Republic of China. When you encounter danger in a foreign land, do not give up! Please remember, at your back stands a strong motherland.”
Thanks to China’s increasing participation in global affairs, now could be considered the right moment to introduce a modern Chinese hero.
“Holding up a banner of peace, friendship and responsibility, Wolf Warrior II should be seen as a brave effort to promote Chinese values around the world,” columnist Zhu Ping wrote in China Daily.
“It’s time Chinese filmmakers produced films that tell good stories and carry the right spirit. Let us assume Wolf Warrior II has started that trend.”
34. We can learn from passage that .
A. leading characters in Chinese movies are mostly popular for their appearance
B. it is hard for a protagonist in Chinese movies to win the audience’s hearts
C. Wolf Warrior Ⅱ is the first Chinese movie to spread Chinese values
D. the production team is not surprised at the big box-office success
35. The film is popular with the audience mostly because .
A. Kung fu artist Wu Jing both starred in and directed it
B. it attempts to promote Chinese values around the world
C. it is backed up and funded by the Chinese government
D. it shows that China is playing an active role in global affairs
36. The underlined word in para.3 can be replaced by .
A. worry about
B. hang out
C. fall into
D. come across
【解析】本文是一篇影评：国产影片的主角不是通过展现颜值，而是因为传递了一种正能量而获得观众的喜爱，这点相当少见。

但《战狼2》却令全球的焦点都汇聚到了中国身上。

它同时也是首部在票房收入以及弘扬中国价值观方面都获得双赢的电影。

34. 推理判断题。

根据第一段It’s rare that the protagonist in a Chinese movie wins the audience’s hearts with an emotionally uplifting message, rather than by showing off his or her good looks. 国产影片的主角不是通过展现颜值，而获得观众的喜爱，这点相当少见。

可以推断出中国影片通常是靠颜值而流行的。

故选A。

C
【广东省肇庆市2018届高三毕业班第二次统一检测】
Researchers studied the responses of the biggest living animals on the planet to stimulated mid-frequency military sonar (声呐), which is used by military to detect submarines.
By studying 17 blue whales, which feed on large groups of krill (磷虾) in the ocean, the scientists found the giant sea animals would cut short dives for food after a sonar “ping”. The animals also tried to avoid areas where the sonar had been used for some time afterwards.
They found that the whales stopped feeding for more than an hour after the sonar, resulting in a loss of around 1,000kg of krill for the animals.
The researchers say their findings disagree with the idea that military sonar has no influence on blue whales and other related species of whale.
A second study by the same researchers also showed that military sonar caused another species of whale, the Cuvier’s beaked whale, to stop feeding and swim away from the sound.
Dr Brandon Southhall, from the Long Marine Laboratory at the University of California who led the project, said, “These findings help us to understand risks to these animals from human sound and inform timely protection and management decisions.”
The scientists argue that the influence of “active” military sonar on blue whales must be considered in environmental assessments before military tests.
They said they hoped the US Navy, which funded the work, would use the findings to search for ways of reducing the influence of sonar on whale species.
Dr Stacy DeRuiter, from the University of St Andrews, who also took part in the studies, said, “While military tests have been said to be linked to whale strandings (搁浅), we don’t really understand the chain of events that lead to that. The number of strandings also does not match the number of military tests and sonar events, so the Navy wants to understand this more.”
37. What did the new studies find about whales?
A. They were forced to leave their habitats.
B. They were starving because of military sonar.
C. They would stop feeding for some time because of military sonar.
D. They would find new feeding areas once hearing sonar.
38. What is the researchers’ attitude towards the influence of military sonar on whales?
A. Worried.
B. Helpless.
C. Shocked.
D. Puzzled.
39. According to Dr Stacy DeRuiter, _____.
A. military tests in the sea should be stopped
B. military sonar leads to the death of many whales
C. the US Navy should take action to protect whales
D. further study should be done to find out why whales were stranded
40. Where does the text probably come from?
A. A book review.
B. A science fiction.
C. A science report.
D. An official document.
【解析】新研究发现,因为军事声呐鲸在一段时间内会停止进食。

本文叙述了军事声呐对鲸的影响。

37. C
细节理解题。

根据第三段中They found that the whales stopped feeding for more than an hour after the sonar, resulting in a loss of around 1,000kg of krill for the animals.可知，新研究发现在一段时间内他们会停止进食,因为军事声呐。

故选C。

39. D
推理判断题。

根据最后一段中“While military tests have been said to be linked to whale strandings (搁浅), we don’t really understand the chain of events that lead to that. The number of strandings also does not match the number of military tests and sonar events, so the Navy wants to understand this more.”按着Dr Stacy DeRuiter所说，应该做进一步的研究来找出为什么鲸鱼被困。

故选D。

40. C
推理判断题。

纵观全文，本文结果是通过科学家研究而得出的，所以它最有可能来自一份科学报道。

故选C。

第二节
【北京市中央民族大学附属中学2018届高三10月月考】根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

__41___Fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public tends to base its consumption(消费) on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous faces.___42___.
Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a completely new phenomenon, but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few TV actresses.___43___The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.
___44___No matter how famous the product’s origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities, it begins to resemble an exercise in
self-promotional marketing. And once the initial(最初的) attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty(忠诚) returning to tried-and-true labels.
___45___The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep threatens to reduce a celebrity’s shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. Still, the ego’s(自我的) potential for expansion is limitless. Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashion-like celebrity-has always been temporary.
A. Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment
B. It is the celebrity effect, rather than the quality of the products that appeals to the consumers
C. Celebrity has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture
D. The public’s taste of fashion is not always constant and easy to predict
E. Today they’re started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands
F. However, for every success story, there’s a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal
G. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others’ products to developing their own
【答案】41. C 42. G
43. E 44. F
45. A
41. 根据空格后：球迷曾经疯狂地喜欢一个特定的电影，但现在公众往往根据名人的品牌来
消费。

可以判定这里在肯定名人的效应。

因此C项：名人已经成为一个最重要的流行文化的
代表。

故选C。

44. 根据空格后：无论产品最初多么著名，如果它没有用自身的品质打动消费者，它开始像一个运动在自己促销销售。

一旦初期不再关注，消费者利益可能褪色。

可以判定这里在警示。

因此选F. However, for every success story, there’s a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal然而，每一个成功的故事，对高估自己的吸引力名人都有一个相关的警示故事。

45. 根据空格后：流行文化圈越来越大，但失败的风险也会越来越大。

依靠名人效应的品牌一旦失足。

影响名人形象和企业利益。

可以判定这里在指出名人所处的尴尬境况。

因此A项比较切题：今天，名人面临更加严峻的尴尬。

III 写作 (满分25分)
【安徽省蚌埠市第一中学2018届高三上学期期中】书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是李华，前几天你收到网友Jim的来信，询问你的高三生活，你打算在回信中介绍以下三个方面的内容：
1,生活安排；2,学习计划；3,理想的大学及专业。

注意：
1,词数100字左右；
2,可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3,开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,
I’m very glad to hear from you.
________________________________________________________________________________ ____________
________________________________________________________________________________ ____________
________________________________________________________________________________ ____________
________________________________________________________________________________
____________
________________________________________________________________________________ ____________
________________________________________________________________________________ ____________
________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m very glad to hear from you. In your letter, you asked me about my Senior Three life, during which time I am busy with exams and homework, so I need to balance my study and life in order to make it colorful and meaningful.
I strongly believe that doing sports everyday may build up our body. Besides, communicating with teachers, parents and friends can be of great help to reduce my pressure. As for my study, I’ve made a practical plan to follow strictly. I should also overcome my shyness to consult the teachers if there is something making me confused. What’s more, to improve English is the most urgent thing because I have to make a solid foundation for my dream university---FuDan University, where I would like to major in English. I really hope that my dream will come true through my perseverance and diligence.
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【范文亮点点评】
开头首句I’m very glad to hear from you.简单明了；…during which time I am busy with exams and homework, so I need to balance my study and life in order to make it colorful and meaningful.使用了定语从句；I strongly believe that doing sports everyday may build up our body.使用了动名词短语作主语；Besides, communicating with teachers, parents and friends can be of great help to reduce my pressure.使用了高级句型be+of+抽象名词；…if there is something making me confused.使用了状语从句；What’s more, to improve English is the most urgent thing because I have to make a solid foundation for my dream university---FuDan University, where I would like to major in English.使用了不定式作主语，原因状语从句和定语从句是非常高级的句子；同时过渡词Besides, What’s more等的使用增强了文章的流畅性。