2019届二轮复习语法专题 省略句考点学案(7页word版)

2019届二轮复习语法专题省略句考点学案
——规则点拨
一、英语中一些固定的省略结构
1．在以if, when, though, as if(好像)等连词引导的状语从句中，若从句中的主语与主句中的主语一致且谓语动词是be，常将从句中的主语和动词be 省略。

Whenever possible, he will come to my help.
他一有可能就来帮助我。

While cycling,don't forget the traffic lights.
骑车时，不要忘记看红绿灯。

2．由固定词组引导的疑问句。

What about having a game of chess?
下盘棋怎么样？
How come they left you alone here?
他们怎么会把你一个人留在这里呢？
What if i t's raining?
如果天下雨怎么办？
Why not try again?
为什么不再试试呢？
二、与不定式相关的省略
1．通常为了避免重复，在联系密切的语境中，作宾语或宾语补足语的不定式常省略，只保留不定式符号to。

She went teaching because she wanted to(go teaching)．
她去教书，因为她想去。

2．如果不定式符号to后面是be时，要保留be。

如果不定式用了完成时，要保留到助动词have。

The city now is much noisier than it used to be.
这个城市现在比过去喧闹多了。

3．如果不定式作表语，用于解释do的内容，to也常可省略。

What I did was (to) lay the table.
我所要做的是摆桌子。

——对点演练(单句语法填空)
1．Even the finest landscape, if seen (see) daily, becomes boring.
2．They think she may try to phone. If so,_someone must stay here.
3．When you are in trouble, why not turn to him for help?
一、特殊句式在语法填空中的命题点
1．考查倒装句
(2016·江苏高考改编)Not until recently ________ they encourage the development of tourist­related activities in the rural areas.
解析：did not until放在句首，句子要使用部分倒装，根据语境使用一般过去时，故填助动词did。

2．考查强调句型
(2015·重庆高考改编)Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century ________ his musical gift was fully recognized.
解析：that 句意：巴赫死于1750年，但是直到19世纪初期他的音乐天赋才被完全认可。

本句将it was和设空处去掉后，剩余的部分仍然是一个完整的句子，句意完整，故判断为强调句式。

被强调部分为“the early 19th century”，故填that。

3．考查祈使句
(2014·北京高考改编)________ (observe) carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.
解析：Observe if 引导宾语从句，设空处为主句动词，且表示祈使语气，故应用动词原形构成祈使句，故填Observe。

4．考查省略句
(2013·福建高考改编)Anyone, once ________ (test) positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.
解析：tested 句中once(一旦)为连词，用于引导条件状语从句。

分析句
子结构可知，从句主语应为Anyone，test与Anyone之间为动宾关系，显然从句
的完整形式应为“once anyone is tested positive for H7N9 flu virus”，
而anyone is可以省略，故填tested。

二、特殊句式在短文改错中的命题点
考查祈使句
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the words, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning left！”
解析：Turning→Turn此处为祈使句，并和上文中的“Speed up”和“Slow down”并列，故Turning改为动词原形Turn。

三、特殊句式在书面表达中的增分点
[增分技法]
1．使用完全倒装使句式富于变化。

①上午传来了他被北京大学录取的消息。

In the morning came the news that he had been admitted to Peking University.
②在我们的教学楼的前面矗立着两棵大树，它们使得我们的校园更加美丽。

In front of the teaching building stand two huge trees, which add to the beauty of our schoolyard.
2．使用部分倒装使句式富于变化。

①只有通过每天花费至少两个小时学英语，你才能快速提高它。

Only by spending at least two hours learning English every day can you improve it quickly.
②当我把那个老人送到家后，我从来没有感到那么高兴过。

Never had I felt so happy when I sent the old man home.
3．使用强调句型使句式富于变化。

①当我们遇到麻烦时，我们总可以依靠的是我们的父母。

It is our parents that we can always depend on when we're in trouble.
②直到他的父母回来我才走。

It was not until his parents came back that I left.
4．使用省略句使句子言简意赅。

①如果是这样，我希望你度过美好的时光。

If so,I hope you will have a wonderful time.
②在北京时，我参观了颐和园。

While in Beijing,I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.
[巧用增分]
①你为什么昨天没有来？(why was it that)
Why_was_it_that_you_didn't_come_yesterday?
②相片上站在第一排中间的是我爷爷，他当时六十多岁。

(stand in the middle of the first row, in his sixties)
In_the_picture,_standing_in_the_middle_of_the_first_row_is_my_gra ndpa,_who_was_in_his_sixties_at_that_moment.
③你在别的地方找不到这么好的学校。

(nowhere else, find)
Nowhere_else_can_you_find_such_a_good_school.
④我刚一到家，就突然想到我把我的钢笔忘在你家了。

(no sooner ...than, it occurred to me that)
No_sooner_had_I_got_home_than_it_occurred_to_me_that_I_had_left_m y_pen_at_your_home.
⑤尽管面临着很多问题，但他们没有失去信心。

(although, lose heart)
Although_faced_with_many_problems,_they_didn't_lose_heart.
[题点对点练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2018·湖北荆州中学质检)There is no doubt that human activity, which does great harm to the environment, is the main cause.
2．(2018·江西新余一中、宜春一中联考)Are you too old for fairy tales？If you think so,_Copenhagen is sure to change your mind.
3．(2018·江西樟树中学等六校联考)In that way, World Read Aloud Day does (do) help make a difference.
4．(2018·河北衡水中学二次调研)Neither a single person nor any
traffic was in sight at all.
5．(2018·北京西城期末)—I am learning the piano. How can I learn it well?
—Mind (mind) the traditional first before trying the modern.
6．Tom doesn't have an English dictionary, does he?
7．Try as she might, Sure couldn't get the door open.
8．It was I that/who saw a film in the Youth Palace last night, not my twin sister.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．10 miles east of our school lies two modern swimming pools.lies→lie 2．There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, isn't there？isn't→is
3．Standing on the top of the tower and you'll enjoy the scenery of the whole city.Standing→Stand
4．Have Mark invited me, I would have been glad to come.Have→Had 5．(2015·湖南高考改编)Video games can be a poor influence if leaving in the wrong hands.leaving→left
Ⅲ.单句写作
1．他说他将借给我一些钱，第二天他做到了。

(lend, so he did)
He_said_he_would_lend_me_some_money_and_so_he_did_the_next_day.
2．踢好足球不容易，需要多练习。

学英语也是这样。

(play football well, need a lot of practice, so it is with/it is the same with) Playing_football_well_is_not_easy_and_needs_a_lot_of_practice._So __it_is_with/It_is_the_same_with_learning_English.
3．每天我们不得不做如此多的作业，以至于我们几乎连休息的时间都没有。

(so much homework, have little time to have a rest)
So_much_homework_do_we_have_to_do_every_day_that_we_have_little_t ime_to_have_a_rest.
4．她不在乎外表，她在乎的是自己的工作表现。

(little, care about) Little_does_she_care_about_what_she_looks_like,_all_she_cares_abo
ut_is_her_job_performance.
5．是你的努力，而不是你的智力决定你的成功。

(determine)
It_is_your_efforts,_not_your_intelligence_that_determine_your_suc cess.
[题型综合练]
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2018·淮南模拟)Nowadays, more and more post­90s generations will enter the workforce. They place more emphasis __1__ looking for a job that they enjoy more than other factors. Many of them hope to establish a __2__ (relax) relationship among workers. More than half of __3__ prefer the easy­going and good­tempered employers. __4__ (surprise) 10 percent of them wish to be friends with their bosses. Experts say that they are the generation of the Internet era. They have a strong __5__ (aware) of “self” and how they relate to the outside world. Guo Yun, 22, is a digital media major from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. She says that she will not mind working long hours, but prefer her boss __6__ (explain) why she has to, such as the urgency of the task.“I feel greatl y __7__ (motivate) in this way，” she explains. They tend to care a great deal about the team or the management culture. They are also more outspoken about their needs, and they are likely to openly __8__ (communication) with their employers. As a result, they __9__ (admit) into most big companies more easily. I think it is their frankness and enthusiasm __10__ leaves a deep impression on their employers.
语篇解读：越来越多的90后进入职场，他/她们对于工作的态度是怎样的呢？
1．on place emphasis on“重视，强调”。

2．relaxing 此处修饰名词relationship，故用形容词relaxing。

relaxing“令人放松的”。

3．them 此处指代“post­90s generations”，并在句中作of的宾语，故
用them。

4．Surprisingly 修饰整个句子并在句中作状语应用副词形式。

5．awareness 不定冠词a后应用名词形式。

6．to explain prefer sb. to do sth.“更喜欢某人做某事”。

7．motivated 连系动词后应用形容词作表语。

motivated“有积极性的”。

8．communicate be l ikely to do sth.“很可能做某事”。

9．are admitted 此处叙述的是客观事实，they与admit之间为被动关系；又因文章时态为一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态。

10．that “It is＋被强调部分＋that ...”为强调句型，此处强调主语。

Ⅱ.短文改错
(2018·江西八所重点中学联考)Last night I was at a coffee shop. There was a wonderfully music show. As I got up to get a cup of coffee and a cookie, I notice a middle­aged woman near me. Clearly, she had caught in a fire of some kind. His face was badly burned so she looked very tight.
I thought how brave she was to come out but appeared in public. When I returned back to m y seat, I turned towards the woman and said, “Isn't he a wonderful performers？” And I gave her the largest smile I was able to give. To my pleased, she looked right at me and gave me a huge smile for return. It was her smile which made her whole face light up last night. She was beautiful.
答案：第二句：wonderfully→wonderful
第三句：notice→noticed
第四句：had后加been
第五句：His→Her
第六句：but→and
第七句：去掉back; performers→performer
第九句：pleased→pleasure; for→in
第十句：which→that。